[HN Gopher] Dose-response relationships of LSD-induced subjectiv...
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       Dose-response relationships of LSD-induced subjective experiences
       in humans
        
       Author : orhmeh09
       Score  : 68 points
       Date   : 2023-05-09 16:11 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | htag wrote:
       | > Overall, full mystical-type experiences seem unlikely to be
       | induced with doses below 200 ug
       | 
       | I thought that was the point. Did I read this article right, and
       | there are essentially no modern studies of LSD use in the
       | 200-500ug range?
        
       | bufo wrote:
       | I confirm!
        
       | qrio2 wrote:
       | Love seeing more research done on LSD. Hopefully the more we can
       | prove its positive effects will lead to broader acceptance and
       | safer use by all who are interested. I feel that most "bad
       | experiences" can be avoided by education and ensuring the proper
       | "set and setting", and the more we know about the substance's
       | effects the better.
        
         | ostenning wrote:
         | Dosage is very important, and also be extra cautious if you
         | have a history of acute mental illness in your family.
         | 
         | Only once you've lost your marbles do you realize how important
         | they actually are and that traumatic event will likely leave a
         | chasm in your mind for a long time
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | Yeah. People who have bad trips are often in bad places at bad
         | times to take such a powerful substance. Or, they have a lot of
         | pent-up fear or anxiety that the LSD simply unmasks and smacks
         | them with.
         | 
         | I've had a bad trip exactly once, and it was when I had no
         | control over my surroundings and was in an inopportune spot at
         | the wrong time. The times when I was in a controlled
         | environment of my own design with zero distractions, extremely
         | low probability of bad things happening, etc... it was great.
         | 
         | Do it in your own home, when you have a full day of time and
         | zero obligations to anyone including yourself, and you're
         | around as few people as possible.
        
           | Diederich wrote:
           | Agree with everything you're saying here, I'll add what might
           | be obvious: it's generally best if the first doses aren't too
           | large.
           | 
           | I first took LSD back in 2014 I believe, after researching
           | everything surrounding the topic for a year. My wife was
           | completely on board and we allocated a three day weekend.
           | 
           | All of the research indicated that it was completely safe
           | from a physical perspective and for a stable and fairly well
           | adjusted person like me, with a very informed and willing
           | helper, fairly psychologically safe.
           | 
           | Me being me, I decided to go big on the first dose. I took
           | well over 600mg.
           | 
           | I won't say this was a mistake for me, but it was a rather
           | rigorous experience that lasted most of three days.
           | 
           | All of the trip was interesting. Most of it was a range
           | between neutral and amazing, but there were definitely some
           | bad trip elements.
           | 
           | About once a year since then I've taken a much smaller dose.
           | At the moment I don't have a desire to repeat the huge
           | experience, but I won't rule it out for the future.
           | 
           | Very briefly: during the worst of the bad trip parts I lost
           | the ability to understand and produce language, which was
           | scary for both my wife and I, though we understood that the
           | impact would be temporary. This happened about 8-12 hours
           | after the trip started.
           | 
           | None of my subsequent trips (all between 50mg and 200mg) had
           | any big bad effects.
           | 
           | And yes, the whole experience was a big win. While I as doing
           | pretty well beforehand, there were some areas of tunnel
           | vision that greatly improved.
        
             | GoldenRacer wrote:
             | For context on what an appropriate dose is, this article
             | seems to suggest that the intensity of most effects start
             | to flatten out as you go past 100ug. The effects that
             | continue to get more pronounced past that level seem to be
             | negative effects such as anxiety or potentially difficult
             | to navigate such as disembodiment.
             | 
             | Seems like 100ug is likely a sweet spot for most first
             | timers.
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | I agree that 100 is a good starting point, or even less.
        
             | sinfulprogeny wrote:
             | How on earth do you do research for a year and end up
             | taking 600ug for your first time?
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | This is an understandable reaction and question.
               | 
               | Fundamentally LSD is physically safe at most any
               | reasonable dose. What remains is psychological safety,
               | which is quite important. I've always been a well
               | grounded person, and with the serious measures we took to
               | prepare, I felt like it was most likely safe for me. And
               | it was, nothing bad came out of the experience, even
               | though there were some scary parts.
               | 
               | To be clear, the intensity of the trip wasn't a surprise.
               | My wife and I knew that we were getting into a 'serious
               | situation'.
               | 
               | When I said 'me being me' above, it's a personality
               | trait: when something I'm interested in, that is
               | potentially useful, and that is very safe comes up, I
               | tend to go all in.
               | 
               | In general I strongly recommend people start very low and
               | work up from there.
        
         | TylerE wrote:
         | Also isn't most of what's sold as lsd these days anything but?
         | Nbomd, various 2cs, that sort of thing.
        
           | RodGodKiller wrote:
           | Not really. I know this is anecdata, but : I always test my
           | stuff, and I've never gotten anything but LSD.
        
             | GoldenRacer wrote:
             | NBOMe was super popular in the early 2010s. I'd be willing
             | to bet that on my college campus 90+% of "LSD" was some
             | sort of NBOMe during that time.
             | 
             | No idea what's going on nowadays but plenty of gray market
             | LSD analogous will test positive as LSD (Al-LAD, Pro-LAD,
             | Eth-LAD, 1P-LSD, idk what else is available now). I
             | wouldn't be shocked if people get those without realizing.
        
           | AlecSchueler wrote:
           | There were a couple of years in the early "research
           | chemicals" scene when this was true in some areas but LSD
           | itself is now in ample supply in most places.
        
       | jh00ker wrote:
       | I asked ChatGPT to summarize the abstract and I found it helped
       | me understand the original abstract better upon re-reading:
       | 
       | LSD is a powerful psychedelic drug that can change the way a
       | person experiences the world. In this study, the researchers
       | collected data from various studies on LSD to understand how the
       | dose of LSD affects people's altered states of consciousness.
       | They used questionnaires to measure the subjective effects of LSD
       | at different doses, and found that the effects increased with
       | higher doses of LSD, but eventually plateaued around 100
       | micrograms. The strongest effects were related to changes in
       | perception and imagination, followed by positive experiences of
       | ego-dissolution. However, there were only small effects related
       | to anxiety and fear. The researchers also noted that non-
       | pharmacological factors, such as a person's mindset and
       | environment, can influence their experiences on LSD. These
       | findings may be helpful for future research on LSD and other
       | psychedelics.
        
       | Liquix wrote:
       | Chuckled @ the radar chart diligently quantifying "ineffability"
        
         | dudeinjapan wrote:
         | Those radar charts looked like spiderwebs to me. Trippy.
        
         | qrio2 wrote:
         | Thought that was great too - check out the questionnaire
         | https://www.trippingly.net/lsd-studies/2018/5/22/the-mystica...
        
       | knaik94 wrote:
       | I really loved how this paper shared the r-syntax of the
       | analysis, along with the consolidated data they used. The
       | interactive webpage summarizing their results is fantastic.
       | Loading the full charts of individual questionnaires took a
       | little bit of time, but the way in which the results are
       | displayed is exceptional. It was slower on mobile, but it was
       | still useful.
       | 
       | https://dose-response-lsd.asdb.info/
        
       | mrfox321 wrote:
       | It does not plateau at 100mcg...
        
       | luckydata wrote:
       | I thought there was already data on this, this paper doesn't seem
       | to be adding anything we didn't know before to the science. Can
       | someone explain if that's actually the case or not?
        
         | orhmeh09 wrote:
         | This adds to the body of evidence around the subject,
         | especially if it reproduces, fails to reproduce, or builds on
         | previous findings -- an important part of science.
        
         | cogitoergofutuo wrote:
         | Sometimes scientists cover the same stuff as other scientists
         | in the interest of checking reproducibility or finding new
         | data. Sometimes new stuff is discovered, sometimes not.
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | It's a so-called meta-analysis, looking at a bunch of other
         | studies and trying to create a baseline of known knowledge
         | which will inform future individual focused studies.
         | 
         | > "The established dose-response relationships may be used as
         | general references for future experimental and clinical
         | research on LSD to compare observed with expected subjective
         | effects and to elucidate phenomenological differences between
         | psychedelics."
         | 
         | Having this kind of body of curated knowledge means, for
         | example, that a funding agency might be more willing to sponsor
         | further specific research, i.e. you could say 'here's our plan
         | for giving subjects doses of x amounts to study the threshold
         | where visual perception becomes strongly altered, based on this
         | prior work' and so on.
        
         | elliotec wrote:
         | What's wrong with more data?
        
         | Hanschri wrote:
         | As photochemsyn previously mentioned, a meta-analysis looks at
         | previous research in order to see if there are any interesting
         | conclusions to draw the combined data. As an example, the
         | analysis found that no appropriate studies have been done on
         | doses between 20 - 50 mg, or over 200 mg.
         | 
         | Their notes on how set and setting, and whether or not the
         | participants had ever used psychedelics before affects the
         | experience can also be interesting for a scientist working with
         | LSD. The study also observes that "No direct experimental
         | comparison of the bioequivalence of the two formulations has
         | been made to date", meaning that we simply do not know if LSD
         | base is stronger or weaker than LSD tartrate, or how the
         | ingestion method affects the experience.
         | 
         | This information in tandem with the graphs can be used as
         | inspiration for what kind of experiment to do next in order to
         | better understand how LSD interacts with the brain.
         | 
         | A meta-analysis is a good tool for taking a step back and
         | trying to see if there are any blind spots in the research
         | field.
        
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       (page generated 2023-05-09 23:01 UTC)