[HN Gopher] Evidence that the Neanderthals were the first seafar...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Evidence that the Neanderthals were the first seafarers?
        
       Author : dom111
       Score  : 70 points
       Date   : 2023-05-08 18:28 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thearchaeologist.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thearchaeologist.org)
        
       | blastro wrote:
       | Anyone here ever read "Critical Path" by Buckminster Fuller? In
       | it, BF winds a compelling narrative of the speculative pre-
       | history of humanity, and touches on the early seafarers and how
       | their tools and science have affected civilization from that
       | point on.
        
       | dbcooper wrote:
       | Okay, this really doesn't look like a sober scientific
       | publication.
       | 
       | Source: Another scam blog. LOL.
        
       | robertlagrant wrote:
       | It's an interesting theory, but as often is the case, the title
       | is far more definite than the content.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | Ye no proofs at all. The feasibility depends a lot on what they
         | mean with "sailing". I guess their use includes "rowing" and
         | "drifting".
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | "Sail" can mean any travel over water by ship. It's one of
           | those weird words that can be really confusing even when used
           | correctly but out of the context where that portion of its
           | meaning is customarily used.
        
           | fsckboy wrote:
           | they find human-made tools (which they can assign dates to)
           | on islands distant from shore.
           | 
           | Their only explanation that they are hypothesizing is that
           | humans traveled there across water. Do you have a better
           | idea? They're not saying they found boats, they're saying
           | there is clear evidence of human travel.
           | 
           | Focus on the evidence there is, not evidence you would like
           | to see. What do you hypothesize that fits the evidence?
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | > What do you hypothesize that fits the evidence?
             | 
             | That the tools were moved to Crete way later than when they
             | were made. Obviously, there are no proof of that either. I
             | am not saying it is impossible Neaderthals got there by
             | boat-ish means. But recycling seems like a possibility not
             | moving back seatravel too far into the past.
        
           | Finnucane wrote:
           | It suggests some sort of navigable floaty thing. They saw an
           | island offshore, thought, let's go there, and figured out a
           | way to do it.
        
       | karaterobot wrote:
       | > Unfortunately, archaeologists are unable to provide additional
       | evidence because any boats used by Neanderthals would have been
       | made of wood, which would have long since decomposed to nothing.
       | 
       | Why make the leap to assume they invented sails, given the lack
       | of physical evidence? I mean, it seems reasonable to think they
       | could have rowed or even floated 40km long before they developed
       | sails, and that they would develop those techniques on the way to
       | doing that.
        
         | shkkmo wrote:
         | You and others seem to be hung up on the fact that the verb
         | "sail" can mean any travel on water by ship, regardless of how
         | that ship is propelled.
        
       | rightbyte wrote:
       | Also seems possible that the tools might have been moved, at a
       | later date? I imagine a stone age person digging through some
       | Neanderthal settlement remains, would loot any tools.
        
         | eastof wrote:
         | Except those "stone age" people came around 50,000 years later.
         | Not only is it unlikely they would find any evidence of the
         | Neanderthals, but they would already have more sophisticated
         | tools by then, don't think those (even in their time) by then
         | ancient tools would be worth looting.
        
       | D13Fd wrote:
       | Did they take sea levels into account? It may not be
       | realistically swimmable now, but it could have been at some point
       | fairly recently when sea levels were lower.
        
       | tomcam wrote:
       | Moorage fees back then? Practically nothing.
        
         | jeron wrote:
         | And it was quite easy to get into the yacht club of
         | Neanderthals
        
       | Maursault wrote:
       | > Long before modern humans existed, 100,000 years ago
       | 
       | 100,000ya ago is not "long before modern humans existed." Modern
       | humans are Homo sapiens, and the oldest known Homo sapiens
       | remains (to date, that we know of) are dated to 300,000 years
       | ago, which is now apparently 200,000 years before "long before"
       | Homo sapiens existed. I guess the good news is we invent the time
       | machine before too long.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | I remember when I was a kid, textbooks would draw a distinction
         | between "homo sapiens" and "homo sapiens sapiens." But it is
         | odd, when I search "homo sapiens sapiens," I only see links to
         | like, homework helper/yahoo question sites referencing it.
         | Wikipedia and the Smithsonian seem to have dropped the second
         | sapiens.
         | 
         | Is this an update to how this stuff is understood? I vaguely
         | think the extra sapiens was added on to draw a distinction
         | between "behaviorally modern" humans or something like that.
         | But that always seemed more like a cultural thing anyway.
        
           | AlotOfReading wrote:
           | This was an artifact from a long-running debate about how we
           | should organize the taxonomy of genus Homo. On one hand,
           | people made good arguments that archaic hominins like
           | Neanderthals were distinct enough to consider them separate
           | species. On the other, there were reasonable arguments that
           | they were closely related enough that archaic and modern
           | hominins were a single species with a number of distinct
           | subspecies. Modern humans would be called H. sapiens sapiens
           | in the latter scheme.
           | 
           | This debate was mostly ended in favor of the separate species
           | perspective by the early 2000s, but not everyone was
           | reconciled and archaeogenetics forced us to rewrite the human
           | taxonomy anyway. People will understand what you mean if you
           | continue using H. sapiens sapiens, it's when you use "H.
           | sapiens" to include Neanderthals and Denisovans that people
           | will be confused. Sometimes that terminology is also also
           | used it to exclude transitional subspecies like idaltu, which
           | I think is why wiki uses it.
        
           | tmtvl wrote:
           | The "Human taxonomy" page on Wikipedia still adds the second
           | sapiens to Homo sapiens sapiens:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_taxonomy
           | 
           | This may be because Homo sapiens sapiens is the Homo sapiens
           | type species, but I'm not sure.
        
           | themgt wrote:
           | imo the correct answer is this stuff is incredibly
           | complicated and in incredible flux due to revolutionary
           | advances in genetic research on our prehistoric ancestors and
           | present day people. There's a lot of different perspectives
           | but anyone with some humility would admit a new finding could
           | be announced tomorrow that would upend quite a lot of what we
           | think we know. Already e.g. Naledi, Denisovans, Floresiensis,
           | Longi, Oase, etc are pretty mind-blowing to the consensus
           | views 20 years ago. I would pay less attention to the labels
           | used and more on the broader research.
        
         | erisinger wrote:
         | Came here to see if anyone else had a problem with that
         | timeline.
        
           | Maursault wrote:
           | What's so hard to believe is humans once roamed the Earth.
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | There's a distinction between biologically modern and
         | behaviorally modern humans. Biologically modern humans have
         | been dated to at least as early as 300k years ago. However
         | behavioral modernity, is more recent. There's debate about how
         | exactly to define things and draw a line, but it's generally
         | around 70k years ago.
         | 
         | The article isn't particularly well written but that's probably
         | what they're referring to.
        
       | greatpostman wrote:
       | This idea that we were only sophisticated for the last few
       | thousand years is laughable
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | The correctness of this comment wildly depends on the reader's
         | interpretation of the word "sophisticated".
        
           | mlhpdx wrote:
           | It is laughable to think that the first supported travel over
           | water was done in "boats" or by "sailing". Children
           | instinctively climb onto floating objects. It seems very
           | likely to be that some unwary homo-something crossed an
           | unswimmable span of water quite by accident and survived.
           | Perhaps some other individual observed their fate and
           | followed, perhaps from the same species or perhaps not.
           | Perhaps alone, or perhaps with others.
           | 
           | The evidence is merely that there are early tools on islands.
        
             | George83728 wrote:
             | About 40 million years ago, some monkeys in Africa
             | evidently floated a few thousand kilometers across the
             | ocean to South America, probably on driftwood. Neanderthals
             | were a lot bigger than those monkeys, but a similar
             | scenario might have happened here.
        
       | bigtones wrote:
       | The referenced paper on this was published more than a decade ago
       | (2012):
       | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03054...
        
         | AlotOfReading wrote:
         | Which is weird, because the same authors published a more
         | notable paper on exactly this subject very recently in
         | Quaternary [0]. I don't think the argument is unreasonable, but
         | the author of this article is terribly misinformed about many
         | things. For example, the cyclades would have been visible from
         | the mainland, as they still are today! [1] is the view from the
         | western mainland, [2] is the view from the eastern side, today
         | the island of Ikaria. Notice that Crete is also visible from
         | both the Cyclades and the mainland under ideal conditions.
         | 
         | [0] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2022.09.001
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.peakfinder.org/?lat=37.98035&lng=24.52317&ele=25...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://www.peakfinder.org/?lat=37.53781&lng=26.01118&ele=87...
        
       | AndrewKemendo wrote:
       | I think it's important to note that this is just showing that
       | Neanderthal were sailing long before modern human remains of
       | sailing were dated to - lll
       | 
       | Modern humans and Neanderthals (and Denisovians) coexist for
       | about 100-150k years before modern humans basically killed them
       | all after interbreeding.
        
         | btilly wrote:
         | Interspecies violence is one of a ton of proposed theories, and
         | not a lot of evidence exists to suggest favoring one over the
         | other.
         | 
         | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal_extinction for
         | some of the other theories.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | I thought there was some decent evidence including butcher
           | marks on bones and widespread genetic immunity to human
           | specific prions
        
           | usrusr wrote:
           | Given our recent performance in extinction level interspecies
           | violence and our considerable capability of intraspecies
           | violence I find your characterization of violence as only one
           | of many competing theories surprisingly ... endearing. But
           | you are not wrong, given the low populations involved on both
           | sides it's not impossible at all that violence wasn't the
           | decisive factor.
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | killed?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-05-08 23:01 UTC)