[HN Gopher] If a PR Says "Artificial Intelligence," There's a Go...
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       If a PR Says "Artificial Intelligence," There's a Good Chance It's
       Meaningless
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 70 points
       Date   : 2023-05-06 18:36 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (slate.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (slate.com)
        
       | qwery wrote:
       | "A.I.-PR industrial complex" is a bizarre term, presumably coined
       | by the author. I'm not sure what they mean by it, but seeing as
       | "crypto" was one of its predecessors (as in the crypto-industrial
       | complex?? The crypto press release industrial complex??), I'm
       | guessing: not much.
       | 
       | > There's just too much attention that comes with saying the term
       | "A.I." for anyone to stop now. ChatGPT isn't the only part of the
       | A.I. boom that sometimes just makes stuff up.
       | 
       | This is absolutely the case.
       | 
       | P.S. what is a "threadbois"?
        
         | Tao3300 wrote:
         | A heady red wine made of grapes from the Threadbois region.
        
         | mattdeboard wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | spacetime_cmplx wrote:
       | It's far easier to do productive, useful things with AI if you
       | just treat it as a tool, like a chainsaw or a pulley.
       | 
       | Everyone agrees there's a lot of hype right now but no one thinks
       | _they're_ a part of it. You know why? It's because we're told
       | we're on an exponential growth (we are), so everyone is trying to
       | force it. So each time there's a breakthrough, we're desperate
       | for it to be rocketship that takes us there.
       | 
       | It's time to step back and let the exponential thing happen on
       | its own. We didn't get here because people in the 20th century
       | sat down and plotted a way to achieve exponential growth; it just
       | sorta happened.
        
       | bombcar wrote:
       | If it's a PR, there's a good chance it's meaningless.
        
       | allears wrote:
       | There is no artificial intelligence. There are only systems that
       | are very good at generating text or images when given a text
       | prompt. That's not intelligence, and it's misleading if not
       | dangerous to call it that.
        
         | brookst wrote:
         | It's just semantics. Some people use intelligence to mean
         | sentience, others use it to mean directed problem solving /
         | solution-finding.
        
           | eynsham wrote:
           | Could you give an example of people who explicitly claim that
           | sentience is equivalent to intelligence? I'd agree that some
           | arguments trade on an equivocation between the two, but I
           | don't think their adherents intentionally do so.
        
             | brookst wrote:
             | The post I replied to seemed to make the conflation.
             | Because "just guessing the next word" seems like a
             | reasonable refutation to sentience, but not to
             | intelligence.
             | 
             | I agree that it's not usually an intentional mixup. From
             | what I've seen it's mostly a lack of rigor in defining
             | terms.
        
         | _Algernon_ wrote:
         | It writes better texts than many adult humans, and outside of a
         | persons area of expertise it probably performs better than an
         | adult human as long as the problem can be described in text.
         | 
         | It is overly optimistic, and does make mistakes, but it
         | certainly shows intelligent behaviour.
        
           | hilbertseries wrote:
           | It's interesting that we view the fact that it makes mistakes
           | as evidence it's not intelligent. By this metric then, humans
           | are also not intelligent.
        
         | elbigbad wrote:
         | Words change over time. Plenty of words have changed meaning in
         | my lifetime to become less formal than they once were. And I
         | guarantee I used to be this pedantic about some of them,
         | particularly around the usage of grammar and punctuation, and
         | in some cases am still very stubbornly pedantic even though
         | it's clear the world has moved on and I'm the only one left on
         | the hill.
         | 
         | The phrase "artificial intelligence" is the same here. You may
         | still die on this hill, but the world has moved on. AI has
         | become overloaded to mean a wide variety of things and not just
         | the "dangerous" generalized terminator robot you're
         | envisioning.
         | 
         | One strategy to cope is to come up with a new word and define
         | it as you'd like, being careful to not overload it.
        
         | eynsham wrote:
         | There are arguments for this position that are philosophically
         | and scientifically respectable and to which I am inclined. But
         | merely repeating this nostrum isn't very constructive. Of
         | course, I'm also repeating nostrums here, but I am not making
         | any definitive claim here.
         | 
         | 1. Intelligence is surely best characterised not bivalently;
         | if, then, it's a matter of degree, it is at least somewhat non-
         | trivial to show that LLMs make no progress whatsoever on
         | previous AI (soi-disantes).
         | 
         | 2. It's also unclear that intelligence is best characterised by
         | a single factor. Perhaps that's uncontroversial in the
         | psychometric literature (I wouldn't know), but even then, why
         | would g be the right way of characterising intelligence in
         | beings with quite different strengths and weaknesses? And, if
         | 'intelligence' admits multiple precisifications, the claims
         | that (a) some particular system displays intelligence
         | simpliciter (perhaps a pragmatic notion) on one such
         | precisification and (b) that some particular system displays
         | some higher level of intelligence than before in that respect
         | are yet weaker and more difficult to rebut.
         | 
         | 3. It's unclear whether 'are' is to be construed literally
         | (i.e., indicatively) or as a much stronger claim, e.g., in the
         | Fodorian or Lucasian vein, that some wide class of would-be AI
         | simply can't achieve intelligence due to some systematic
         | limitation.
        
           | SanderNL wrote:
           | I had a feeling you had something interesting to say, but I
           | couldn't make heads or tails of it.
           | 
           | I am being serious. I just applied GPT4 to ELI5 your comment
           | to me. I feel like I have crossed some threshold and I'm not
           | sure if I am proud of it, but there it is.
           | 
           | I am still not entirely sure what your main point is, but I
           | learned about the Fodorian and Lucasian arguments which I
           | don't find particularly impressive, but then again, I need a
           | language model to explain things to me. Interesting
           | nonetheless.
           | 
           | I did not know about "g" either. How _did_ I survive for so
           | long you may ask and it is indeed a miracle. Anyway, a
           | nuanced understanding of intelligence seems reasonable and
           | useful.
           | 
           | The concept "nostrum" was also new to me as was the word
           | "simpliciter". In fact I asked GPT4 for a table of uncommon
           | words and concepts in your post and it was quite substantial.
           | 
           | All in all I rarely come across a post that makes me feel
           | like an ape and sets me on a path of creativity and
           | knowledge. Thank you for that.
           | 
           | Edit: obligatory response in the proper style:
           | 
           | "The manner in which this prose is articulated can be
           | characterized as both prolix and imbued with a certain
           | aesthetic appeal. One is left to ponder the origins of the
           | author's stylistic inclinations. As for my own stance
           | concerning the matter of artificial intelligence, it may be
           | succinctly encapsulated as follows: "AI demonstrates utility,
           | and as such, it possesses merit." This, regrettably,
           | constitutes the extent of my intellectual engagement with the
           | subject."
        
           | biorach wrote:
           | you could have said all of that in a much clearer way with no
           | loss of content
        
             | elbigbad wrote:
             | Ironically ChatGPT would have made whatever point the
             | author was trying to make (I'm not really sure what the
             | point was to be honest...) much more succinctly and
             | clearly. Maybe one use of ChatGPT as an anti-bloviating
             | converter.
        
         | stemlord wrote:
         | To me it's a tech colloquialism for a thing that uses a neural
         | net in some capacity. I think its misleading to use it to
         | describe other types of ML (i.e., SLAM robotics)
        
           | robotresearcher wrote:
           | Classical SLAM by optimizing constraint graphs has little to
           | do with ML. The optimization function is explicit, and
           | there's no training.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | > There are only systems that are very good at generating text
         | or images when given a text prompt.
         | 
         | How is that not intelligence?
        
         | robotresearcher wrote:
         | Two generations ago we were calling chess programs AI. Last
         | generation it was face detection in images. Each generation
         | makes a new clever thing, calls it AI for a while, puts it to
         | good use and forgets about it for the next shiny thing called
         | AI for real this time.
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong: the new large models are amazing, and will
         | be useful. Not dissing them. Just observing the history of the
         | term 'AI' in popular usage.
        
           | AshamedCaptain wrote:
           | This is a irony I've noticed too. Some engineers tell me
           | their managers are in a state of panic about how to "best
           | make use of AI" (translated: how to ride the current hype
           | wave to get nice PR points). The correct answer of course is
           | "we already use AI and have been doing so since the 80s".
           | 
           | Considering it is ridiculously impractical to use ChatGPT in
           | many areas where 1980s AI techniques are in use (think
           | metaheuristics, chess, etc.), I suspect this is rather
           | common.
        
         | Closi wrote:
         | > There is no artificial intelligence. There are only systems
         | that are very good at generating text or images when given a
         | text prompt. That's not intelligence, and it's misleading if
         | not dangerous to call it that.
         | 
         | Disagree - GPT4 definitely has a level of reasoning, can
         | abstract problems, can apply knowledge in new and different
         | ways, so it definitely meets some definitions of intelligence.
         | 
         | What's your definition of intelligence that GPT4 wouldn't
         | fulfill at some level? (Personally I believe it's possible to
         | have intelligence without sentience/self-awareness)
        
           | Diggsey wrote:
           | It's missing generality. It can't do basic maths, or even
           | follow instructions. It can't make valid moves in a game. It
           | can only do what it was trained to do: make a good guess at
           | what word should come next.
           | 
           | I don't mean to down-play how impressive models like GPT-4
           | are - they are very impressive and have great utility.
           | 
           | The problem is we are talking about PR, and when you throw
           | around words like "artificial intelligence" it misleads
           | everyone who is not intimately familiar with the limitations
           | of such models.
           | 
           | > Personally I believe it's possible to have intelligence
           | without sentience/self-awareness
           | 
           | The general public doesn't make that distinction when you
           | throw around terms like artificial intelligence. They hear
           | artificial intelligence and imagine "thinking machines".
           | 
           | No doubt people will say this is just moving the goalposts -
           | that whatever these models achieve it will never be "AI", but
           | that's demonstrably false. The concept of AI has existed in
           | film and other media in the same form since forever, and it's
           | pretty clear if you put those representations side by side
           | with what we actually have today, that we are not even close
           | yet.
           | 
           | For some reason "advances in machine learning" just isn't hip
           | enough to get funding, so "AI" gets thrown around instead.
        
             | Closi wrote:
             | > It can only do what it was trained to do: make a good
             | guess at what word should come next.
             | 
             | Disagree - GPT's mechanics are that it guesses what
             | word/token should come next, however it is now displaying
             | emergent capabilities which _do_ show an agent which can
             | generalize. Maybe not to  'AGI' levels, but it is starting
             | to show little signs of it.
             | 
             | > It can't do basic maths, or even follow instructions. It
             | can't make valid moves in a game.
             | 
             | It can do basic maths - better than most humans (but it
             | cannot do maths better than a calculator). If I ask GPT4 to
             | calculate 51 times 102 it will get the answer, despite most
             | humans struggling with this task. It does this just via
             | internal representation without any specific 'calculator'
             | API call or functionality.
             | 
             | It can follow instructions - if I tell it to take the
             | sentence "abcd" and then tell it to follow the following
             | steps: "1) swap b and c around, 2) reverse the string, 3)
             | ignore step 1", it will output "dcba" and describe how it
             | reached that output
             | 
             | It can make valid game moves - Without being formally
             | taught chess it will make valid chess moves most of the
             | time (see:
             | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/xyjhFCSSXZsW6HDBb/a-chess-
             | ga...). It made 29 valid moves before making invalid moves.
             | Again, GPT4 has not been specifically trained to play
             | chess, it just has picked up some chess rules and games
             | while reading the internet and this has somehow formed some
             | sort of internal representations for chess within it's
             | model. I can also describe a new/novel game or puzzle to
             | GPT4 and it can have a go at playing and solving it.
             | 
             | What it can't do is learn at the moment, although learning
             | isn't part of a lot of definitions of intelligence, which
             | is why we have to define intelligence before you can say if
             | it is/isn't intelligent.
        
               | Davidzheng wrote:
               | Yeah the previous comment is almost completely wrong. But
               | on last point, it didn't get here by hard-coding and the
               | reinforcement learning part at the end i think shows it
               | definitely can "learn". I guess one thing I would still
               | point to is it has a weakened sense of "self" still I
               | think, which goes inline with it distinguishing things
               | learned in training vs in deployment (though maybe this
               | is just intentional idk)
        
           | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
           | > Disagree - GPT4 definitely has a level of reasoning, can
           | abstract problems, can apply knowledge in new and different
           | ways, so it definitely meets some definitions of
           | intelligence.
           | 
           | That's from the humans who generated the original text that
           | GPT4 is essentially mining.
           | 
           | Furthermore, until you have a concrete definition of exactly
           | what intelligence is, then the question (and answer) don't
           | mean much.
        
       | vidoc wrote:
       | What we call 'journalists' are people with an iphone and a
       | laptop, in an openspace from 9 to 5 and on twitter all day long.
        
         | ShadowBanThis01 wrote:
         | No; that's what media outlets now call "journalists."
         | Discerning citizens (especially those of us with legitimate
         | journalism degrees and experience) don't.
        
           | rogers12 wrote:
           | Real Journalism Has Never Been Tried
        
             | squarefoot wrote:
             | Well, someone tried, but they sometimes die prematurely.
        
       | shahidkarimi wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | tchock23 wrote:
       | I was on a webinar this week where the speaker suggested that
       | 'even if you're selling t-shirts, call yourself a generative AI
       | company.' I immediately left the webinar.
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | Peak is when Kodak shares rocket because of something something
         | AI
        
       | ulizzle wrote:
       | So far, Chat GPT has failed the Turing Test worse than the Ouija
       | board, which, in my experience, didn't fail at all.
       | 
       | This plus the Fermi paradox gives me the creeps.
       | 
       | It raises the uncomfortable question of "free will".
        
       | voz_ wrote:
       | I thought the title was about Pull Requests. Ah words.
        
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       (page generated 2023-05-06 23:01 UTC)