[HN Gopher] How is it even possible to cheat on a musical perfor...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How is it even possible to cheat on a musical performance practical
       exam?
        
       Author : scns
       Score  : 181 points
       Date   : 2023-05-06 06:16 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (devblogs.microsoft.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (devblogs.microsoft.com)
        
       | robswc wrote:
       | What a ridiculous plan in the first place.
       | 
       | It hinges on:
       | 
       | 1) Things going exactly as they do in the past.
       | 
       | 2) The student being chosen.
       | 
       | 3) The student remembering the keys.
       | 
       | 4) The instructor not getting suspicious (it was brought up in
       | the post)
       | 
       | 5) The instructor never seeing the paper.
       | 
       | What do they even teach these kids, lol. Seems it would only ever
       | work in a perfect world.
        
         | euroderf wrote:
         | "No battle plan survives contact with the enemy." (in this
         | case, teaching staff)
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | Maybe it's graded on a curve, so you just have to beat the
         | median.
         | 
         | Or hope you're luckily a "C" student.
         | 
         | It is a bit ironic that liberal arts students have to have
         | demonstrated competency, while engineering students who will go
         | on to build things your life depends on just have to do better
         | than other students.
        
           | somsak2 wrote:
           | it better represents reality, at your job you also don't have
           | some objective measure you're being evaluated against. you
           | just have to do well enough not to get fired
        
       | jzellis wrote:
       | I'm imagining this story as an Everything Is Terrible educational
       | video from the 90s about the evils of cheating and it's much
       | better frankly
        
       | carldaddy wrote:
       | In college the night before a big computer programming project
       | was due, all of us students met in the computer lab and basically
       | copied one student who had his working. The Professor obviously
       | noticed and told us all to do it again.
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | As someone who dabbles in guitar, I'm astonished how pianists
       | happily accept an instrument that so heavily favors specific
       | keys.
        
         | yadingus wrote:
         | Is this sarcasm? 90% of rock songs are in Em or Am because of
         | guitars.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Am (especially) and Em happen to be very easy piano keys,
           | too.
           | 
           | What I meant is that playing a C major scale is easy, but it
           | gets weird as you work through different keys. There's no
           | consistency, so transposing is non-trivial. Compare that to a
           | guitar and barre chords and capos.
        
             | abruzzi wrote:
             | all white keys is easy to play a scale without thinking,
             | but I find it much harder to play well than keys that have
             | some sharps or flats. that pattern of 2-space-3-space on
             | the black key shelps to anchor your hands. I'd take e-flat
             | major--its far easier to play than c-major.
             | 
             | Transposing is harder, but the vast majority of piano
             | litature is never played tranposed--you play the notes on
             | the sheet music. I've tried some of those new layout
             | keyboards like the Linnstrument, and I'd never try to play
             | a Beethoven sonata on one.
        
       | FrankyZunim wrote:
       | Are we supposed to believe this actually happened? If it did, the
       | author has done a great job of making it sound fake.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | The story sounded apocryphal to me too, or maybe it evolved
         | through re-telling and re-remembering.
         | 
         | Most people are in the dark about what college level music
         | education consists of. If piano was being taught in a
         | classroom, then it wasn't a music performance major program.
         | Also, there are tiers of colleges, and a school with an easy
         | music program for rich kids is not unthinkable.
         | 
         | I have two kids who are both music performance majors in
         | college (yes, we had the conversation about jobs), and I'm a
         | musician myself. I learned the scales in middle school.
         | 
         | A remote possibility is that this is a freak occurrence. I
         | think you can't design a training program that absolutely bars
         | creative cheating, without also degrading the program for the
         | majority of students who don't cheat.
        
           | jcpst wrote:
           | I could just be confused, but I thought I remembered the
           | folks doing performance majors alongside us in Keyboard class
           | to get prepare for the piano proficiency exam. Obviously not
           | the Pianists- but I thought every music major had to pass
           | keyboard proficiency.
        
             | hecanjog wrote:
             | Yes, that was my experience too. Everyone needed to pass a
             | basic keyboard skills class the first year (or test out of
             | it) regardless of their focus in performance, composition,
             | teaching, etc.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | It's true, but it tends to be a pretty lightweight class.
               | Neither of my kids learned to play the piano in any
               | useful way.
        
               | jcpst wrote:
               | Huh, that's interesting. My fellow scholars and myself
               | found it rather challenging. Basically all students who
               | were not piano players took 4 semesters (keyboard I II
               | III IV), where IV prepared you for the exam.
               | 
               | All of us could play in a lot of scenarios at the end of
               | it.
               | 
               | But it just so happened the college at the small
               | midwestern town I grew up in had faculty from Eastman,
               | Yale, Stanford, NW... and the music department was
               | unusually rigorous for the level of school it was.
        
         | nathan_compton wrote:
         | My daughter's name: Albert Einstein.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Haha, it's the "we wanted to party and not study and we didn't
         | tell you because you aren't pretty" is hilarious. It definitely
         | makes the story sound fake even if it is true.
         | 
         | People don't describe themselves like that. They rationalize
         | why it's reasonable.
         | 
         | Folks are more likely to say "I didn't want to learn a
         | regimented set of things because it interfered with my ability
         | to compose freely and play fluidly instead of mechanically.
         | Also, art is about collaborating with other artists to make
         | novel things, not just to repeat stuff like a machine"
         | 
         | Maybe these days even "not everyone is privileged enough to be
         | able to obsessively repeat the same exercises over and over
         | again"
         | 
         | No one in the history of man has ever made themselves out to be
         | villainous. This sounds like a Scooby Doo villain when
         | unmasked. "we would have gotten away with it if it weren't for
         | you meddling kid"
        
       | orestis wrote:
       | I studied classical guitar for a few years, and let me tell you,
       | scales on the guitar do not involve just moving a finger or a
       | barre or a capo: look up the Segovia scales, that's what I was
       | learning and it's physically demanding...
        
       | sriram_malhar wrote:
       | I often tell this Latin phrase to my students that I came across
       | in the TV show West Wing:
       | 
       | "corruptio optimi passima" : The corruption of the best, is the
       | worst.
        
         | tremon wrote:
         | *pessima
        
       | jancsika wrote:
       | > The students didn't even distribute the keys among themselves
       | in a plausible manner.
       | 
       | Then the answer to the headline is, "Have instructors who _do not
       | care about teaching_. " By the fourth "F major" announced, any
       | musician with a working brain would know something is up.
       | 
       | > Each student chose an easy key to practice, so there were a lot
       | of F majors and E minors, but no B flat minors or B majors.
       | 
       | B major fits the hand better than F major and is significantly
       | more fluid to practice. The only two white keys are for your
       | stubby little thumbs, and the black keys are for the other
       | fingers. _For both hands_. It 's a key that fits like a glove.
       | 
       | F major requires a "bump"-- the b-flat is played by the ring
       | finger on the right hand-- this is a weak, long finger and it
       | feels awkward to have to strike the higher black key with it.
       | Edit: even worse, the stubby little thumbs are on white keys. A
       | student lazy enough to cheat might start out shifting their wrist
       | to accommodate the short thumb. When you try to speed that up you
       | hit a wall and have to relearn the motorhythms of the scale.
       | Relearning wrong physical motion on the piano is at least an
       | order of magnitude more difficult than just learning the correct
       | way. So now the student has less time for dates because they
       | didn't cheat properly to begin with.
       | 
       | To learn to cheat properly you have to actually practice each
       | scale and feel the relative facility. Oh, the irony!
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | As an advanced amateur pianist, F major and C major are my
         | least favorite scales. F major has the awkward B flat and C
         | major has no good reference by feel for where you are on the
         | keyboard.
         | 
         | Personally, 3 sharps/flats are the easiest scales for me. A lot
         | of people like B and C# because you have 5 and 7 sharps that
         | make it really easy to find the notes (F# is marginally
         | harder...).
        
       | tester756 wrote:
       | To be fair I expected some crazy Windows related way to cheat on
       | musical exam :P
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | I'll try to make one for you!
         | 
         | Not being musically inclined, beyond liking a bit of the
         | Beatles now and then, I did not expect to get anything out of
         | the music class my wife wanted us to take. Though it had no
         | particular recognized value, the class did award a certificate
         | of completion after finishing the course, which was about a
         | semester-hour spread over most of a year.
         | 
         | The music history we talked about was interesting, especially
         | as I enjoy trivia such as the differences between various
         | apparently similar instruments - did you know the viola is the
         | only instrument to use the alto clef for notation?
         | 
         | The "final exam" had us play a relatively simple (or so they
         | said) piece by Beethoven - _Pathetique II. Adagio_ - and it was
         | making me feel pretty pathetic. My wife had some previous piano
         | history, and was doing quite well; but for me, the notes seemed
         | to always end up in alphabetical order, or arrive long after
         | they should have already left to go home. I began to slightly
         | despair; I 'd never hear the end of it if I didn't at least get
         | a (barely) passing grade.
         | 
         | The evening came for the exam, and my wife reported that she'd
         | done quite well. I stepped into the room with apprehension,
         | knowing that the instructor's usual smile would soon turn to
         | disappointment - but wait! _The instructor wasn 't there?!_
         | 
         | He'd been called away to fill in for the Seattle Symphony, and
         | had left instructions on how to take the test - a simple MIDI
         | keyboard connected to an older PC. A slight ray of hope beamed
         | through the window along with the setting sun - could it be?
         | Would the PC be old _enough_? Sure enough, it was running
         | Windows 98 (not Second Edition, that would have been
         | disastrous)! I could do this!
         | 
         | The Windows 98 MIDI handler had a buffer overflow! All I would
         | have to do is start the exam, hold down the right keys on the
         | keyboard to trigger it, and the program would crash. Since the
         | way it "scored" your playing was to start by writing your name
         | and 100 points to the database, it would record that I had
         | begun, and then there would be no recording of me making any
         | mistakes.
         | 
         | I now have my certificate, and a photo of me with a slightly
         | sheepish grin, as I was the only student to get a perfect
         | score. I think my wife might suspect something, as she was
         | perhaps near enough to hear that what I played sounded more
         | like the _Cascades_ trying to clear the track than anything
         | Beethoven would have written, but I just told her that he was
         | mostly deaf and probably played loud.
        
       | tgv wrote:
       | > to look pretty
       | 
       | The author might have missed on some of life, because I don't
       | think "effort to look pretty" necessarily has to do with the
       | looks you were born with, but rather with styling: hair, make-up,
       | clothes.
        
       | nayuki wrote:
       | Playing in different musical keys would be a lot easier if the
       | piano keyboard was like these:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomorphic_keyboard ,
       | https://www.lumatone.io/ ,
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_table_note_layout
        
       | idontwantthis wrote:
       | The went to university for a music degree and they can't already
       | play scales?
        
         | picardythird wrote:
         | Typically at this level the scales will be performed in more
         | difficult variations, e.g. the right hand plays starting on the
         | third or 6th note of the scale.
         | 
         | There are also cases of concert pianists who notoriously
         | refused to practice scales for these kinds of exams.
        
         | zsaffir wrote:
         | While students getting a music education degree have to learn
         | all the instruments, they typically have a primary instrument
         | that may or not be piano. If piano isn't their primary
         | instrument there's no reason they would know how to play all
         | the scales before starting the degree.
        
           | devnullbrain wrote:
           | That's still concerning. If your mental model of a scale is
           | via the notes, the piano has helpful colour coding. Not being
           | able to use that implies that the scales have instead been
           | memorised by how they're played - frets, valves, etc. - that
           | will stop working when a more in-depth application of keys is
           | needed.
        
             | markatto wrote:
             | The piano is not the canonical model of a scale - it's just
             | a bit more visual than some other instruments. I went to
             | music school and primarily play guitar and violin but can
             | sort of play some keys. I could definitely figure out
             | pretty much any scale on a piano but couldn't just sit down
             | and immediately play most of them.
        
         | nlnn wrote:
         | I don't know about these exact exams, but often there are a lot
         | of variations to play.
         | 
         | E.g. multiple octaves, arpeggio inversions, scales in 3rds,
         | 4ths, 5ths, 6ths, etc.
         | 
         | Plus there's often a requirement to play at a certain tempo,
         | legato/staccato, with correct intonation (for certain
         | instruments), and also to use the correct fingerings as taught
         | in other cases.
         | 
         | So can be a lot more involved than playing a simple scale.
        
           | djtango wrote:
           | I'll admit that I kind of enjoyed scales on the piano because
           | I could mindlessly practise them when I was forced to
           | practise, but I feel like there's a point where if you don't
           | know them, you're limiting yourself in all kinds of ways.
           | 
           | Improv and harmonisation benefit from you knowing all the
           | keys on the keyboard inside out. Likewise, if you start going
           | for volume of music you can play, at some point not having
           | those foundations start to limit you.
           | 
           | Anyone can memorise 3 pieces perfectly and over-practice them
           | then ace a test. But what if the spirit of a grade and level
           | represented more than that? My final teacher (who I met long
           | after finishing exams) was very traditional and had a policy
           | that was vaguely "you shouldn't take more than 3-6 months" to
           | prepare for your grade exam. If you can't reach distinction
           | level within that time, you're not ready so you should work
           | more on your actual playing ability and musicianship.
           | 
           | If you're learning like that, scales will be the least of
           | your worries as we worked on so much repertoire that the need
           | for it was self-evident (and well baked into a good routine).
           | 
           | I guess it's a bit like driving - if you memorize a few
           | routes you can probably perform like a real driver, but
           | that's not really the same as being a real driver.
        
             | nlnn wrote:
             | Same for me, I really enjoy playing scales and the like as
             | studying jazz has made the application and benefit of
             | practice a lot more clear.
             | 
             | I did some classical study and grades years ago and
             | remember there being a big disconnect - my teacher just
             | gave me scales and pieces as totally separate entities, and
             | just taught them as things necessary to pass the exam, with
             | no real application or purpose explained to me.
        
           | seanhunter wrote:
           | Standard is 2 or 3 octaves, arpeggios, 3rds, 4ths etc
           | ascending only (for some reason), groups of 3 or groups of 4
           | and the different types of articulation (stoccato, legato,
           | accent on every second, third or fourth note etc).
           | 
           | Honestly that sounds like a lot but all the articulation
           | stuff is the same for every scale and once you get the hang
           | of intervals they are really not hard.
           | 
           | Classical musicians do the above for major, harmonic and
           | melodic minor. Jazzers will typically add the major and
           | melodic minor modes, the whole tone scales (only 2 of those)
           | and the diminished scales. People like me add the harmonic
           | major and harmonic minor modes, the augmented scale and a few
           | other bits and pieces.
        
         | schwartzworld wrote:
         | Sure. I went to music school for trumpet where I learned:
         | 
         | - new scales I didn't know about
         | 
         | - new ways to play scales I did know
         | 
         | - new instruments which required relearning scales. If you're
         | learning to be a music teacher this is often a big part of it
        
         | slaymaker1907 wrote:
         | Everyone who majors in music has to learn piano (at least for
         | most majors) even if you aren't a pianist.
        
         | ashtonbaker wrote:
         | I got into Berklee for piano performance, couldn't do more than
         | a few scales fluently despite lessons my whole life.
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | You'd be amazed. I remember an undergrad guitarist complaining
         | to me about having to be able to play all scales in all keys
         | with all possible variations of articulation for his practical.
         | 
         | A frikkin' guitarist.
         | 
         | For those of you who don't know, playing a scale in a different
         | key on a guitar literally involves moving your first finger to
         | a different fret and starting from there. There are two or
         | three patterns you need to learn to be able to handle starting
         | on a different string or different finger. But it's not hard. I
         | told him he should be ashamed of himself and to stop whining.
         | 
         | Playing in all keys on a sax or trumpet or whatever is a
         | totally different kettle of fish. Still necessary to learn.
         | Still ridiculous to be doing a music degree and not be able to
         | just do but definitely much harder.
        
           | naniwaduni wrote:
           | Scales on a piano, on the other hand...
        
             | bonzini wrote:
             | I haven't practiced them in twenty years and I can still
             | play them decently. If they start on a black key I need 3
             | seconds to play an octave in my mind, to double check the
             | first finger of each hand. Twenty years ago I didn't even
             | need that.
        
             | hgsgm wrote:
             | A little harder than playing scales on a fish.
             | 
             | You can tune a piano, but you can tuna fish.
        
           | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
           | > A frikkin' guitarist.
           | 
           | > There are two or three patterns you need to learn to be
           | able to handle starting on a different string or different
           | finger.
           | 
           | This is simply wrong.
           | 
           | Just the 3-note-per-string supershape covering the western
           | modes is a cycle of seven ordered shapes for each string. As
           | soon as you start including 2- or 4-note-per-string sub-
           | patterns to move to the required position on the neck, the
           | number of the overall fingerings and movements to memorize
           | and practice explodes. This of course doesn't take the pesky
           | B-string into account.
           | 
           | If you're a piano player, imagine playing on 6 rows of
           | uncoloured keys of similar size, each row _except one_ is
           | shifted by a fourth, and the key width diminishes going up
           | the scale (to an uncomfortable degree). No chords on a single
           | row allowed. Oh, and you need two fingers on opposite hands
           | to make a single sound.
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | The problem with scales on a guitar is not getting to the
           | next note, which is relatively easy. It's if you're playing a
           | piece and you haven't worked out the scale to use first and
           | then halfway through you find you need to either get your
           | index finger off the string it's on and onto the string
           | above, or get your pinky waaaaay over there on the same
           | string, and what looks like a simple step is actually really
           | hard - in that scale.
        
             | AlecSchueler wrote:
             | Unless you're using open strings for some effect then most
             | transpositions should be isomorphic on a guitar. And if the
             | open resonances matter a capo has you sorted.
        
           | CPLX wrote:
           | I would agree that transposing on a guitar is _definitely_
           | easier than most other instruments. But it is hardly trivial
           | or easy, assuming you actually have to span the entire
           | fretboard.
        
           | omoikane wrote:
           | Transposing a scale to a different key would be
           | straightforward on a guitar (e.g. with a capo), it's just
           | that playing any scale might be difficult independent of the
           | key.
        
             | nathan_compton wrote:
             | ???
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | Or without a capo. It's more common to practice scales
             | without one since songs are in guitar-friendly keys like G
             | and C often enough that you want to be able to solo in them
             | without a capo.
        
           | KRAKRISMOTT wrote:
           | You can study computer science without writing a single line
           | of code. It's no different for music. Learning all the keys
           | by heart is like learning your text editor keybindings,
           | useful, but ultimately has little relevance to actual music
           | theory and composition.
        
             | seanhunter wrote:
             | You'll definitely be hampered in composition if you don't
             | have decent keyboard fluency and I would say this is table
             | stakes for that. But yes this is more directly relevant to
             | performance. The guitarist in the anecdote above wanted a
             | soloist career so was definitely squarely in the group for
             | which playing scales is a minimum requirement.
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | They have these things called midi guitars now. You don't
               | need keyboard fluency. Hell, now a days you don't need
               | any instrument other than a novation launchpad (a button
               | grid). However, if you are going for a music degree, you
               | should be able to know what the difference between a
               | dorian and mixolydian scale. You should know that there's
               | 7 different ways to play a D major on the guitar. You
               | should know how to do pentatonic scales in any key as
               | well as blues harmonic scales. Any guitarist who wants to
               | play professionally needs to know this. Whether they are
               | a rhythm guitarist, a soloist, a satanist, or a folk
               | strummer. It's not just about being "gud", but knowing
               | how to construct a solo, using those scales, in the songs
               | key. That is very VERY much required. If you are
               | interested in pursuing music _as a degree_ then these
               | things are table stakes. It 's taught in high school. Go
               | brush up.
        
               | smabie wrote:
               | Not an expert, but feel like there's a ton of
               | professional guitarists who don't know these things?
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | what is a professional? Steve Vai? He knows all his
               | scales. Eddie Van Halen? He's mastered scales at 12.
               | Jimmy Page? ditto. Buddy Guy? He invented one.
               | 
               | If you're talking about a touring musician, or a studio
               | musician, they absolutely know their scales.
               | 
               | Anyone who makes more than $20k/year with their guitar
               | knows their scales.
        
               | lkschubert8 wrote:
               | Other cherrypicked examples, Dave Grohl and Clapton
               | famously had no formal training and just learned by
               | listening to and emulating artists they liked. I suspect
               | they make over 20k/year.
        
               | gabereiser wrote:
               | Dave Grohl knows his scales now. Yes, if you make a band
               | and become successful you can call yourself a
               | professional without music theory. If you go back to what
               | I said though, I said _as a degree_.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I doubt he plays scales on concerts. It is actually
               | requirement that is not directly related to ability to
               | play music.
        
               | l__l wrote:
               | Well this is wildly wrong. Scales, arpeggios, etc. are
               | taught not just for the theoretical understanding they
               | help with but because they occur VERY frequently in
               | actual pieces
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | https://youtu.be/I_AX4R-d29o are you sure?
        
               | ludston wrote:
               | Music degrees are usually designed to train musicians
               | that can perform, compose, transpose and teach.
               | 
               | Playing every scale is a fundamental step in learning to
               | transpose, that is to play music in more than the key you
               | learned it in. It's a necessary step for when a guitar
               | player has learned some piece in say, C major and then
               | they need to perform that piece with a singer that can't
               | physically sing in that key.
        
               | williamcotton wrote:
               | Luckily for the vast majority of guitarists who don't
               | know much of any theory there are these magical devices
               | called a capo!
               | 
               | And digital keyboards have a transpose by semi-tone
               | feature!
               | 
               | It is entirely possible to learn to teach, play, and
               | create new music in many styles without any knowledge of
               | music theory.
               | 
               | It's really hard to get very good at live ensemble music
               | performance without learning some theory as a byproduct
               | of the necessity of communicating with other musicians.
               | 
               | It's really hard to get good at playing singing and
               | playing songs on instruments like the piano or guitar
               | without learning the names of some chords because reading
               | at least chord and lyric sheets will accelerate your
               | learning process.
               | 
               | I definitely know guitarists who know basically zero
               | theory but who could hear a song a couple of times and
               | then accompany a singer in any key based on playing by
               | ear and interpreted and performed in a way that the
               | original songwriter couldn't have been imagined.
               | 
               | The entirety of the Nashville music industry is based
               | around a notation system called the Nashville notation.
               | 1s, 5s, diamonds, bars. The keys are left out and depend
               | on which singer is recording with the band. Five note
               | scales, bends, and capos and you're talking about half of
               | the popular recorded music in the USA in the 20th
               | century, from rock to blues and country and everything in
               | between.
        
               | ludston wrote:
               | Playing with a capo sounds different to playing without
               | one, and digital keyboards don't sound the same as
               | acoustic instruments.
               | 
               | Sure you might make a career as a musician playing
               | everything by ear, and there is nothing wrong with that.
               | But a university trained viola player can join an
               | orchestra, be handed violin sheet music and then perform
               | having never heard or practiced the music before.
               | 
               | You don't really need to go do a degree in music at all
               | if your only goal is performance and you have intuitive
               | aptitude, but if your plan is to teach, you're going to
               | be a pretty awful teacher if you only can teach students
               | to ape your specific methodology rather than being able
               | to introduce them to the lingua franca that most
               | musicians are using.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I could be handed piano sheet music and play it straight
               | away in elementary school. It is not that hard to read
               | sheet music and it does not require scales which I never
               | bothered to learn. I was not some kind of prodigy either.
               | It is just that if you play enough, music sheet becomes
               | like normal reading - you just know what is written
               | there. The rest is manual dexterity.
               | 
               | Ability to play from the sheet without preparation if
               | completely orthogonal to anything in this thread.
               | Especially to ability to play all the scales in all
               | variations to the perfection for the practice test.
        
               | ludston wrote:
               | Musicians need to know the sharps and flats in different
               | keys in order to transpose, and musicians need to be able
               | to play something they have rehearsed accurately, and
               | musicians need to be able to play all across a large
               | range.
               | 
               | Testing scales tests all of these things, and more
               | simultaneously. I fail to see the problem. If you're as
               | good at sight-reading as you say, you can just read the
               | scales off the sheet music and play them all perfectly
               | the first time, so what's the problem?
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > Musicians need to know the sharps and flats in
               | different keys in order to transpose
               | 
               | > Testing scales tests all of these things
               | 
               | I don't see how testing scales tests knowing the sharps
               | and flats really. If you're playing all the (major)
               | scales on a string instrument, it's all about starting on
               | the right note, and then doing the scale pattern: whole,
               | whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. On a guitar, half
               | is one fret and whole is two, and you need to know how to
               | jump to the next string if you don't want to just walk
               | the length of the fretboard. I've never played a wind
               | instrument, but I understand those tend to be tuned to
               | play in certain keys and it can be akward to play in
               | others, and keyboards are setup for c-major, so it takes
               | some practice to get the sense of where the whole and
               | half tones are for other keys, but the example of guitar
               | is not hard. If you can play guitar and have a week to
               | practice it, you should be able to play any major/minor
               | scale on demand.
               | 
               | If you can play the scale, you can probably take the time
               | and think the sharps and flats, but that doesn't really
               | mean you know them, IMHO.
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | _> I 've never played a wind instrument, but I understand
               | those tend to be tuned to play in certain keys and it can
               | be akward to play in others_
               | 
               | It's been a while since I played (stopped after college),
               | but yes. Wind instruments really only play in one key. It
               | is really rare to have sheet music in a different key and
               | because of that transposing is not a skill that you
               | really need to be successful. You still learn scales... I
               | played one of the few instruments where you were expected
               | to be able to transpose (F horn with some older music in
               | Eb). Even then, while it wasn't hard, it wasn't a common
               | skill.
               | 
               | Guitar, string, and piano are an entirely different
               | beast. And that flexibility of scales and keys is
               | probably why you don't see many wind instruments
               | professionally playing outside of orchestras.
        
               | ludston wrote:
               | You see wind instruments outside of orchestras all the
               | time though. The main reason for the domination of guitar
               | and piano is economic: you can play more notes at once
               | and therefore have played richer sound with fewer
               | players. You can split the gig money across less people.
               | It really has nothing to do with the number of wind
               | players that can transpose.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Like, none of what you wrote here has nothing whatsoever
               | with the actual concrete practice test this particular
               | guitarist complained about. Testing scales does not test
               | any of these, actually. It is just absurd to claim that
               | playing scales at practice test is done in order to test
               | how you play "something you have rehearsed accurately" or
               | "ability to transpose".
               | 
               | > If you're as good at sight-reading as you say, you can
               | just read the scales off the sheet music and play them
               | all perfectly the first time, so what's the problem?
               | 
               | So basically, you do not know anything about the test the
               | guitarist complained about.
        
               | mrob wrote:
               | IMO knowing about sharps and flats is an impediment to
               | transposition. I play alto recorder, and I was very
               | careful to avoid learning any sheet music. Instead I
               | wrote a simple Python script to convert MIDI files to
               | numbers, with 0 representing the lowest note, 1
               | representing a semitone above it, and so on. I then
               | memorized the fingering for each number. I can transpose
               | in my head just by adding or subtracting. And I practice
               | scales based on the semitone intervals between the
               | degrees of the scale, so I only need to know
               | major/minor/wholetone/pentatonic etc. and just change the
               | starting note.
               | 
               | This is more difficult on the standard piano because of
               | the badly designed keyboard, but you can get isomorphic
               | keyboards that let you play all the keys without learning
               | all the sharps and flats.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | The quitarist in question was looking for soloist career,
               | so singer wont be an issue. Plus, it is not exactly as if
               | he ever needed to do that quickly on the fly. He does not
               | need to know when all in all variations for that either.
               | Being able to understand and look up scales in that
               | unique situation is useful, but that does not require
               | being able to "play all scales in all keys with all
               | possible variations of articulation for his practical." I
               | am not saying that school does not have right to put in
               | such task, but I am saying that it 100% makes sense that
               | student does not like it.
               | 
               | And second, it is not like you would pass practical just
               | by knowing which notes and chords are in it. You need to
               | play in tempo, with accents and all that jazz. It does
               | require training even if you know exactly what you are
               | supposed to do. Except that this training is brain dead
               | boring.
        
               | 2devnull wrote:
               | I disagree. One can read without knowing how to recite
               | the abc's (ie alphabetic order), sure. But anybody that
               | is a competent reader will have little problem learning
               | the abc's if they were forced to recite it for a test.
               | 
               | You claim to be a competent musician who doesn't know
               | scales. I can imagine half-diminished and other
               | intermediate level stuff being non-essential but at the
               | very least major and minor scale knowledge is needed to
               | read music. Being able to sight read implies playing in
               | all keys, which requires knowing the major/minor scales.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | Some of the most revered guitar players, like Steve Vai,
               | Joe Satriani or John Petrucci regularly play scales
               | during their concerts. Of course, they don't keep to one
               | scale while playing -- they're masters of their craft, so
               | they play a different scale every other measure.
               | 
               | See e.g. https://youtu.be/Z01s5siJl6E -- the first two
               | licks are clear examples of walking the scale, in one or
               | both directions respectively -- or
               | https://youtu.be/lGnEy9COP88
        
               | eirikbakke wrote:
               | Whether you're playing by ear or by sight, having the
               | current scale baked into muscle memory makes it a lot
               | easier to hit the right next note on the first attempt.
               | Otherwise you'll be frequently off by a semitone, or end
               | up using non-optimal finger positions (which can be hard
               | to unlearn).
               | 
               | Any given melody will modulate between multiple major and
               | minor scales; see Coltrane's "Giant Steps" for an extreme
               | example.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | If you're in music school, and are not already performing
               | at a fairly high level, and not interested in being
               | challenged beyond the bare minimum skill set needed for a
               | given position, you're wasting your time and money.
               | You'll never catch up with the competition.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | The arts are probably one area in general where it's
               | mostly impractical to show up at college, decide this
               | thing is really cool, and decide to make a career out of
               | it--over and above the lottery nature of the field
               | generally.
               | 
               | Arguably there are some aspects of this in software as
               | well--deliberately avoiding the CS term--but it's almost
               | certainly going to be really hard for someone with no
               | music background to show up at university and decide this
               | is something they're really interested in.
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | At a first or second tier school, it would be basically
               | unthinkable. None of the professors would even be willing
               | to give you lessons -- they fill their studios through
               | the audition process. It would be a huge waste of money
               | to pay college tuition for remedial music lessons. Also,
               | a big part of college music study is playing in ensembles
               | that are coached by faculty. You have to be at a level
               | where you can hold your own in an ensemble or you can't
               | even participate. The schools are careful to admit only
               | those students who can hang in the ensembles. Getting
               | into music school is an application process _on top of_
               | getting into the college.
               | 
               | With that said, you could get lessons from a graduate
               | student who wants to earn some money.
               | 
               | My observation (two kids in music school) is that
               | undergrad music is almost like grad school in other
               | fields, in that you sign up with a specific professor who
               | is your teacher for 4 years, and their job is to turn you
               | into a fully fledged professional. The kids who are
               | coming out of those programs are ready to start an
               | independent professional career, the only obstacle being
               | competition and not competence. My daughter, who is
               | graduating this spring, is in fact playing
               | professionally.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | (At a tech school) I signed up early-on for an Intro to
               | Music course I thought would be interesting--and to be
               | clear it was. But as it turned out the person teaching
               | the class was a pretty well-known choral director (John
               | Oliver as I recall) and pretty much everyone else in the
               | class were well-versed in music and were there because of
               | said well-known choral director so not knowing the
               | difference between major and minor keys wasn't really
               | part of the program.
               | 
               | It was fine. It just wasn't really what I signed up for.
        
               | harrylove wrote:
               | Counterpoint[0]: I have a master's degree in composition
               | and I don't play any instruments at a decent level of
               | performance. I would say the requisite skill is knowing
               | how instruments sound, how they sound together, where
               | their limits are, where the golden sounds and techniques
               | can be found, and how to notate all of that so you can
               | reproduce it accurately. If you can read a piece of music
               | and know what it sounds like without needing to hear it
               | played, you'll be fine. And that's also a skill you can
               | learn, just like performance. The rest of composition is
               | experience, artistic vision, and luck, just like every
               | other job.
               | 
               | [0] wink
        
             | hgsgm wrote:
             | Music performance is different from music theory, like
             | software engineering is different from computer science.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | I hope "all scales" didn't include modes other than Ionian
           | and Aeolian. And then there's harmonic minors.
        
           | khazhoux wrote:
           | > I remember an undergrad guitarist complaining to me about
           | having to be able to play all scales in all keys with all
           | possible variations of articulation for his practical.
           | 
           | > A frikkin' guitarist.
           | 
           | What instruments do you play? I'm going to guess not guitar.
           | Guitar is one of the few instruments that very many people
           | learn by themselves, by ear, and can get extremely good
           | without foundations like scales and reading notation. I am
           | not surprised about a guitarist struggling to "formalize"
           | their guitar-playing as an undergrad, where it can be as hard
           | as learning a new language when you're an adult.
        
         | rvba wrote:
         | To be honest, the world is quite strange. You are supposed to
         | know how to play the piano - and well, before you go to music
         | university.
         | 
         | Somehow people who study medicine are not expected to have
         | medical knowledge. Precursors sure.
         | 
         | Of course I understand that it is a question of supply and
         | demand, for some reason tons of people compete to finish the
         | relatively scarce music university, so the university can
         | demand them to know stuff.
        
           | JoeAltmaier wrote:
           | Just like in a Chinese musical school, something like 98% are
           | supposed to have perfect pitch. Because they have enough
           | applicants to fill the school even with that bar.
        
         | homami wrote:
         | We had a CS undergrad intern that didn't know what i++; means
         | in JavaScript for loops.
        
           | etothepii wrote:
           | They didn't know what it means or what it does or that it's
           | important.
           | 
           | I'm not sure it matters for most practical uses what i++
           | means so long as you know it is required.
           | 
           | Much as with {} being used for scoping.
           | 
           | Though I agree it is jarring how little many in Gen Z know
           | about how anything _works_.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | > Though I agree it is jarring how little many in Gen Z
             | know about how anything works.
             | 
             | I've worked with GenX'ers and Millenials (I'm a millenial),
             | and this isn't unique to GenZ at all. A large number of
             | people don't understand, and are just getting by.
             | Anecdotally, I've seen people at very senior engineering
             | positions who just don't understand the basics of what
             | they're doing. Does that mean that it's jarring how many
             | GenX'ers don't understand?
        
               | wholinator2 wrote:
               | Yeah, we see this a lot with younger people because they
               | are just starting in the world. Also, they're the
               | predominate generation right now that's video taping and
               | posting every even possibly interesting moment of their
               | lives, irrespective of whether some 30 year old thinks
               | it's embarrassing. If 60 year olds were posting every
               | strange thought or funny moment we'd have some opinions
               | about them too (Facebook, anyone?) They're just thinking
               | about and misunderstanding a different set of things. But
               | i think the kids are somewhat closer to a humility that
               | might be hard to find elsewhere.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | > If 60 year olds were posting every strange thought or
               | funny moment we'd have some opinions about them too
               | (Facebook, anyone?)
               | 
               | My older relatives pore out the most excruciating details
               | of their personal lives on people's Facebook profiles,
               | not understanding that it's not a private message. These
               | people grew up and we're the ones who warned us "never
               | use your real name online", etc.
        
             | homami wrote:
             | Unfortunately this person graduating from a Western
             | European uni, could not even grasp the algorithm for
             | creating a count down timer.
             | 
             | They asked me for career advice. I wonder whether the jobs
             | that require only this level of copy and pasting skills
             | would thrive or die in the AI era.
        
             | Kim_Bruning wrote:
             | Except it's not required :-P
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | I made it as far as my first internship before I learned what
           | `!val` meant. Don't ding people ( _especially_ interns or
           | juniors) for not knowing specifics or notation, or things
           | that can be answered in a single google. What matters is what
           | they do when they learn what `i++` is - does it ever come up
           | again, and do they understand it.
        
           | davnicwil wrote:
           | Did they know what it meant within seconds of you you
           | explaining it to them, though? That's the only important
           | thing.
        
             | drowsspa wrote:
             | How come a CS bachelor never wrote a for loop?
        
               | _dain_ wrote:
               | not every language uses i++.
               | 
               | increment operators are a language design antipattern
               | anyway, not some fundamental knowledge.
        
               | davnicwil wrote:
               | I don't know, but I also don't care much because it
               | doesn't matter.
               | 
               | Again, can they quickly understand and apply the
               | knowledge once it is explained to them is all that
               | matters.
        
               | balfirevic wrote:
               | It also matter that they apparently wrote a for loop a
               | number of times without wondering what each of those
               | symbols actually does and just treated it as magic
               | incantation.
               | 
               | Edit: assuming they didn't use a language where such
               | idiom doesn't exist or is not common, as another
               | commented pointed out.
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | They could just write loops and remember that repeating
               | the variable name with ++ is part of loop syntax without
               | knowing what it means. Almost like text-generating AI
               | would do it (ducks).
        
               | ApolloFortyNine wrote:
               | In recent years it's very possible they either don't use
               | a language where that syntax is ever required (python) or
               | just use one of the foreach variants in pretty much every
               | language.
        
               | drowsspa wrote:
               | I can only think of Python, but are people learning that
               | alone these days? In every other popular language, I
               | can't imagine not ever encountering a situation where you
               | also need to know the index of the iteration.
        
               | rvba wrote:
               | Maybe cheated, maybe third world country diploma mill,
               | maybe sports scholarship
        
         | jb1991 wrote:
         | Scales can get very very tricky. There are multiple modes of
         | minor, for example, that have different notes ascending and
         | descending. When you combine that with some requirements, like
         | playing the scales the full length of the keyboard up and down
         | at a consistent quick tempo, perhaps in triplets, missing just
         | one note is extremely easy to do. Depending on the requirements
         | of the exam, missing just one note may be enough to hurt your
         | score.
        
           | tgv wrote:
           | Come on. Scales are not very, very tricky. And you can't
           | really play scales in quavers or triplets: there's no time
           | signature.
           | 
           | And there were only two modes (if the story can be trusted to
           | get all details right).
        
             | jb1991 wrote:
             | Strange that you would feel a need to debate this.
             | 
             | Triplets have nothing to do with time signature. Just that
             | point reveals lack of experience in this area. Triplets
             | exist in any time signature or lack of one. They are about
             | beat subdivision.
             | 
             | I could explain each of these points in greater detail but
             | I am not compelled to take the time. Playing scales to
             | meter is a common technique.
             | 
             | And if I asked even a professional to sit down right now
             | and whip out, say a melodic minor in five flats, four
             | octaves at a quick consistent pace, many would indeed need
             | a quick try first. They do get tricky indeed.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | Professional musician here. That would be trivial to do,
               | even on my weaker instruments, and even with triplets.
               | 
               | Though just give me the tonic name, no need to call it
               | five flats.
               | 
               | Edit to add: To be fair I'm about a decade further in my
               | career than someone going to study music for the first
               | time.
        
               | jb1991 wrote:
               | That's great to hear, but allow me to offer a common
               | example. Ask a pianist to quickly play four octaves of
               | melodic minor in thirds, and especially as one hand is
               | ascending and the other is descending at the turning
               | point, and there are two different modes being played
               | simultaneously, many will indeed miss a note. Now make it
               | a less common key, and you can see why it can be tricky
               | for some. Certainly not everyone, for students yes and
               | even some experience pianists may need to practice a bit
               | first.
               | 
               | This kind of request is very common at many music schools
               | for these kinds of exams.
        
         | vjk800 wrote:
         | I took piano classes for several years as a child and they made
         | me learn all the scales somewhere around the age of 12 or
         | something. It was standard practice and I can't imagine anyone
         | who took classes in the same music education system as I did
         | and couldn't play all the scales.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | I played classical piano too, but never learned scales. It
           | seemed completely useless to me and I was still was able to
           | pass. It still seems completely useless to me, to be honest.
           | The # I am supposed to play are right there in the music
           | sheet notation.
        
             | vjk800 wrote:
             | I don't know if I found them useful, but the program my
             | parents put me in forced me to learn them.
             | 
             | Overall, I was pretty indifferent about my music education,
             | it was just something my parents sort of made me do and I
             | had to spend a few hours every week on, but I wasn't very
             | enthusiastic about.
        
             | oriolid wrote:
             | I did the same, and found out that it's a great way to
             | paint yourself in a corner. In this corner you can learn
             | very complex pieces by practicing learning them from the
             | sheet music, but on the other hand every new piece is an
             | unique snowflake that you star learning from scratch, and
             | it won't help at all with playing by ear, improvising or
             | even much for playing from lead sheets. Yes, I was able to
             | pass the exams by just knowing how scales work and coming
             | up with fingerings on the fly, but in hindsight it wasn't
             | the best idea.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | If we did some improvising, it might be useful. We did no
               | improvising at all, therefore it was just completely
               | useless theory that had literally nothing to do with
               | anything. I think that if they taught us some little
               | improvising, we might see value in scales and maybe I
               | would even ended up liking the piano more.
               | 
               | > on the other hand every new piece is an unique
               | snowflake that you star learning from scratch
               | 
               | Not really. You still have memory of previous ones and
               | you do hear how it sounds. The intuition builds up, so to
               | say. You do learn to hear and distinguish what sounds
               | good or bad. I kind of do not see how theoretical
               | knowledge of the scales would help here.
               | 
               | But also I dropped out the first moment I could, so there
               | is that too. But remembering the pieces was not issue at
               | all. Issue was that I did not even liked music I had to
               | play all that much and playing pieces you dont like much
               | again and again to perfection is not exactly motivating.
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | > If we did some improvising, it might be useful.
               | 
               | Of course, it was the way back then. I've been told that
               | it's changed a lot in the recent 10 or 20 years at least
               | where I live. But the point is, even if they didn't teach
               | improvising in the official lessons, the curriculum also
               | didn't prepare us to do anything outside that narrow
               | scope.
               | 
               | > playing pieces you dont like much again and again to
               | perfection is not exactly motivating.
               | 
               | Sounds still better than half-assing a lot of pieces and
               | then deciding that that's not it, let's try another one.
               | It would have been nice to have some repertoire in
               | playable shape for once.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > Sounds still better than half-assing a lot of pieces
               | and then deciding that that's not it, let's try another
               | one.
               | 
               | I dunno. It sounds like you got further, kept doing it
               | for long and kept liking it.
               | 
               | I ditched it first time I could and never looked back. I
               | was against my kids playing music instrument unless they
               | would really really insist on it, because I felt like it
               | is unpleasant activity I don't want to burden them with.
        
             | devnullbrain wrote:
             | If all you want to do is play what's on sheet music, a
             | player piano will do the job.
        
           | dcminter wrote:
           | What would "all the scales" mean here?
        
             | tgv wrote:
             | Major and minor in every key (so C, c, C#, c#, D, d, etc.)
        
               | jb1991 wrote:
               | It means more than just that. There are multiple unique
               | modes of minor, and advanced music exams will also bust
               | out enharmonic requirements, playing in thirds and other
               | things that requires very extensive practice.
               | 
               | Source: I've done several of these exams.
        
               | naniwaduni wrote:
               | In _this_ context, where the article speaks of  "all 24
               | keys", it most certainly doesn't.
        
               | jb1991 wrote:
               | Usually for each minor key there are three minor modes
               | they can request. That would be 48 different scales as a
               | typical minimum. (not including other requests that are
               | typically made of scale playing in these exams)
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | yellowapple wrote:
         | I'm just as confused by that. Most people I know who had some
         | goal to earn a degree in music were already able to play any
         | scale on a substantial number of instruments by the time they
         | graduated from high school. Hell, I was in that camp and I
         | didn't even plan on going to college.
         | 
         | Granted, not everyone goes into a music program knowing every
         | instrument, but scales and arpeggios ain't terribly hard to
         | practice, be it on a keyboard or a woodwind or a brass or
         | whatever.
        
           | idontwantthis wrote:
           | Seems like you always encounter students willing to work
           | harder to cheat than to learn.
           | 
           | My freshman year some students got expelled for keylogging TA
           | passwords and using them to mark assignments passed.
           | 
           | The assignments weren't that hard...
        
             | robga wrote:
             | A lot of cheating is about time not difficulty. Rather than
             | spend several evenings practising they partied instead,
             | perhaps justifying cheating by deeming the exam topic an
             | irrelevance.
             | 
             | One of the takeaways here should be for the exam setters.
             | If cheating was widespread (it sounds like a one off here)
             | then they should consider whether the exam itself was an
             | appropriate task, or whether there was an alternative task
             | that may have been more engaging and ultimately a better
             | test for all.
        
             | aksss wrote:
             | > weren't that hard
             | 
             | Maybe that's part of the problem. One of those things is
             | way more intriguing than the other, speaking as someone who
             | wrote fake login screens for my high school's PS/2 lab. Had
             | like thirty passwords in a couple hours, including one
             | teacher, by running it on the workstation closest to the
             | door.
        
         | robga wrote:
         | The degree they were studying for led to a job where for many
         | of them the ability to play arpeggios in 24 keys may have been
         | irrelevant. For example, teaching the history of music, or
         | perhaps musical therapy.
         | 
         | When I studied music part of my grade was based on a singing
         | exam. I couldn't sing, didn't want to sing, would never need to
         | professionally sing, and have never sung since. Make no
         | mistake- it was scored on the quality of singing. But I
         | couldn't avoid it being part of the exam system.
         | 
         | Imagine someone studying for a computer science degree majoring
         | in chip design. They cheat in Programming 101 by studying only
         | one Sorting Algorithm, not 24 of them, since they can influence
         | which algorithm they are assigned at exam time. Perhaps there
         | is a better example but you get the drift.
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | I get that people don't want to waste time, but you lose a
           | lot from taking this attitude.
           | 
           | When I went to school we had a lot of kids who were only
           | temporarily in the country. Their parents were diplomats or
           | corporate expats. The government still made the kids learn
           | the local language, with the predictable outcome that these
           | kids had no motivation whatsoever to learn the language.
           | 
           | Now with the debate in America being the way it is, a lot of
           | these kids would actually have had a place to go back to, if
           | they only spoke the language.
           | 
           | Similarly with a lot of things you learn in education, most
           | of them seem to be of no use, but it's only because you don't
           | learn them properly they are of no use.
        
           | data_maan wrote:
           | I get this drift!
           | 
           | And I think a bit of cheating is healthy.
           | 
           | The late Mihai Patrascu (brilliant CS researcher for those
           | who don't know), outspoken as he was, said data faking skills
           | were essential to keeping his sanity in some courses. [1]
           | 
           | Cheating just means you're not satisfying some random persons
           | bureaucratic needs of assigning a number to your performance.
           | But such a one-dimensional measure cannot really capture
           | anyone's potential.
           | 
           | For some reason few people ponder why people cheat and if the
           | reasons perhaps are valid. Go to that party, if it helps you
           | develop yourself!
           | 
           | [1] https://people.csail.mit.edu/mip/acad.html
        
             | thewildginger wrote:
             | Sam bankman-fried would have agreed with you I'm sure.
        
               | data_maan wrote:
               | Hehe, I knew some people would not be able to take this
               | perspective.
               | 
               | The comparison is wrong BTW because cheating at an exam
               | doesn't hurt anyone - but SBFs actions did.
               | 
               | Well, you can be nice and stay home the whole day and do
               | what other people tell to score nicely on some metrics
               | called "grades", or you can ...
        
               | CraneWormScare wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | wholinator2 wrote:
               | Is that a bad thing
        
             | anonymouskimmer wrote:
             | Cheating solves a problem for the cheater, but has the
             | side-effect of entrenching the selection criteria for
             | everyone who comes after. If a genuinely good student, who
             | the professors recognize as good, cannot pass a particular
             | criterion, this motivates the professors to eliminate, or
             | at least discount, the criterion. If the student does pass,
             | then the professors see no harm in continuing to use the
             | criterion for all future students at its current grade
             | weighting.
             | 
             | In addition to this, for those students who _will not_
             | cheat, they are then required to spend their effort
             | developing a skill which they may never use again, at the
             | expense of developing skills they will use again. And also
             | at the expense of their placement in the class. Patrascu
             | may have been a brilliant researcher, but was he as
             | brilliant as the person who didn 't make the cut because he
             | made the cut instead?
             | 
             | I think cheating is unhealthy for the system.
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | Too late for the edit window, so I'll reply to add:
               | 
               | If a person gets in the habit of cheating because they
               | don't think the thing they are cheating on is important,
               | then they have to develop the skill of always knowing
               | what is important, and what isn't, or they risk cheating
               | on something with serious consequences. Patrascu died at
               | the age of 29 from brain cancer. I wonder if he ignored
               | any symptoms because he didn't think they were
               | consequential.
        
           | dahart wrote:
           | Of course if you're not a signer and aren't interested in
           | singing then the aesthetic quality of singing shouldn't be
           | scored, and hopefully they were also teaching you a little
           | bit about how to sing, or maybe you just got unlucky
           | (sometimes there are crappy teachers, bad exams, unfair
           | situations, it does happen unfortunately). Singing really is
           | a very useful skill to have when playing instruments or
           | teaching music though. I wasn't interesting in signing when I
           | was younger, but now I wish I'd spent more time learning how
           | and didn't have to hide in private to be comfortable singing.
           | It does something very interesting to sing & play at the same
           | time, it's hard but I think it makes playing the instrument
           | easier.
           | 
           | There are some problems with complaining you'll never use a
           | certain skill teachers are trying to teach. Specifically, you
           | don't know in advance that you will never need it
           | professionally. More generally and more importantly, the
           | whole point of a university education is to give the student
           | a broad base foundation in the subject, to teach you more
           | than a small set of specific interests, and more than is
           | required for a specific job. It is intentionally designed not
           | to be strictly vocational training, it is not an
           | apprenticeship.
           | 
           | I made this mistake when I was young, and complained in a
           | math class, joking loudly and publicly, that the teacher was
           | wasting our collective time forcing us to learn esoteric
           | things we'd never use. I don't remember what it was exactly,
           | I think maybe matrix determinants, and the joke's on me
           | because I use determinants and everything else the teacher
           | was teaching in my job professionally.
           | 
           | BTW, I work in chip design and all the hardware people know
           | and use sorting algorithms, and not just the kind you learn
           | in CS 101, they are experts in parallel sorting algorithms.
           | Put the death of Moore's law on top and the fact that
           | algorithms and efficiency and power consumption are becoming
           | more important every day. These foundations that students
           | assume aren't relevant to the future actually are important
           | to their future prospects, they just don't know it yet.
        
             | robga wrote:
             | Yes I understood the point of the singing part of the exams
             | and tried my best (which wasn't that good). Like you say, a
             | broad base with specialities. I was empathising with how
             | the cheaters must have felt - but I took another direction
             | when faced with the feeling.
             | 
             | The chip design analogy was clumsy but the point was
             | similar - not every student has the motivation to learn
             | enough about the broad base and it's value for ultimately
             | improving your specialism.
        
           | naniwaduni wrote:
           | This seems more along the lines of studying only one basis in
           | which to implement fizzbuzz. You're not really supposed to
           | need to prepare your scales and arpeggios.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | So we would get chips that perform well on just that one
           | sorting algorithm?
        
         | jimmytidey wrote:
         | I don't know, but I'm guessing there's a big difference between
         | knowing how to play your scales and playing perfectly evenly
         | and fluidly.
        
           | j7ake wrote:
           | Correct. The conservatory music exams require scales to be
           | played from first level to last level.
           | 
           | However each level demands faster tempo, evenness in volume,
           | and a smooth "pulse" (like BB gun pellets hitting a wall)
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | jrockway wrote:
       | The way I'd cheat on this exam would be to just play whatever
       | scale I've practiced and assume the examiner doesn't have perfect
       | pitch.
       | 
       | Having said that, I've never really had trouble with scales in
       | any key on any instrument I've played. I don't know why people
       | training to be professional instructors are even worried about
       | this sort of exam.
       | 
       | Full disclosure: I took piano the first semester of college and
       | got an F. (I don't really know why. I think I made the professor
       | mad or something. I got a B in "intro to Java" despite getting a
       | 100% on every homework, lab, and exam because the instructor told
       | the class that a "d" after a numeric literal tells the compiler
       | that the number is represented in base 10 or "decimal". That is
       | not what that does, and I corrected him. F for participation!
       | Yes, I did go to a terrible school.)
       | 
       | It was at that point that I stopped taking any classes that
       | weren't directly required to graduate; why better yourself and
       | become more well-rounded when internships sort by GPA descending?
       | But I digress ;)
        
         | rvba wrote:
         | > I've never really had trouble with scales in any key on any
         | instrument I've played.
         | 
         | The fact that you dont have a problem, doesnt mean that others
         | wont have a problem. The article even states that the piano
         | students cant play piano. Just like tons of managers cant
         | manage, or tons of programmers cannot code.
         | 
         | Seriously why do people even make this logical fallacy that
         | "everyone is as smart / decent / talented as me"? I would add
         | thinking too, in certain countries cheating is blantant, in
         | some encouraged.
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | There are basically 3 patterns of finger movement for piano
         | scales with ~2 special cases that don't fit into any of them.
         | I'm guessing that most of them were training to be music
         | teachers on some instrument other than piano, and had to take
         | an Intro to Piano course to get their degree.
        
       | graemebenzie wrote:
       | Puts a dig in at teaching near the end.
        
         | damagednoob wrote:
         | Not sure what you mean? I think that was still aimed at the
         | students who, presumably if they were to become teachers one
         | day, would expect their own students not to cheat.
        
         | nkrisc wrote:
         | He does no such thing. He points out that these cheaters were
         | studying to be teachers, the very role that they were trying to
         | cheat in the test.
        
       | tptacek wrote:
       | I'm not sure I understand how this cheating compact was supposed
       | to work; didn't the conspiring students need to control who was
       | the first student, or the student selected to pull keys from the
       | hat?
        
         | stagger87 wrote:
         | It only needed to be one of the students in the cheating ring,
         | which sounds like most of the students, so the probability was
         | high.
        
       | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
       | I strongly suspect this story is nonsense.
       | 
       | 1. It seems unlikely that all the students were conspiring except
       | one. Why leave one student - and exactly one - out? Was s/he
       | incredibly unpopular? Did s/he have minimal contact with the
       | others? I suppose it's _possible_ , but it's also quite strange.
       | 
       | 2. It seems unlikely the students didn't understand that if the
       | schedule was random there was a non-zero chance of non-cheating
       | Student 1 doing the admin.
       | 
       | 3. It's more likely the schedule was posted ahead of time. Given
       | that, it seems unlikely that anyone would be surprised or
       | flustered when the schedule went as scheduled and the alleged
       | plan failed.
       | 
       | 4. It seems very unlikely that the keys would literally be chosen
       | out of a hat. IME of these kinds of exams there's no need for
       | randomness. Students tend to be asked for the less familiar keys
       | because they're less likely to know them well. If someone gets C
       | major and someone else gets Gb major for random reasons it's
       | really not much of a fair test.
       | 
       | 5. It seems quite unlikely that a student would be asked to hang
       | around and do admin for an entire day - especially when the admin
       | is essentially trivial anyway.
       | 
       | 6. It seems unlikely that anyone who could play the short and
       | long pieces well would be completely put off by being asked to
       | play a scale they hadn't practiced.
       | 
       | 7. It seems unlikely that a student would literally say "Oh we
       | didn't practice because we wanted to spend our time partying and
       | dating." That sounds like something someone would say _about_
       | students, not something students would say about themselves.
       | (This isn 't about whether it's true, but whether someone that
       | age would use those words.)
       | 
       | To be clear: this isn't about defending cheating. I just find
       | don't this story very plausible.
       | 
       | Also, the irony that this article about cheating may be somewhat
       | elaborated isn't lost on me.
        
         | stefanpie wrote:
         | To point 1, many classes I've been in (undergrad and grad) have
         | study groups form at the beginning of the semester where I
         | decide I'm just gonna go though the class solo. In that case,
         | it's fully conceivable for a subset (or almost all of the
         | student in smaller class) to work together and study in a
         | productive way or conspire together in an unproductive way.
        
         | bentcorner wrote:
         | Additionally, by the time you're an undergraduate you should be
         | able to play any scale and arpeggio smoothly without
         | hesitation. I'm an idiot and played for about 8 years and
         | really, scales and arpeggios are not that difficult. For
         | someone who aspires for a teaching degree these should be cake
         | and you should not be getting flustered by these at all.
         | 
         | Programming equivalent would be something like needing to write
         | a syntactically correct for loop in a random language pulled
         | out of a hat. A basic exercise with some challenge but simple
         | to do if you have put any practice in it.
        
           | 867-5309 wrote:
           | that would be like pulling a random instrument out of a hat!
        
             | bentcorner wrote:
             | Haha, fair enough. How about - typing out a "hello world"
             | program using a keyboard layout pulled out of a hat :)
        
           | rukuu001 wrote:
           | Standard warmup - scales and arpeggios round the circle major
           | n minor. 15 mins.
        
             | dmoy wrote:
             | Yea this was standard warmup for me two years into high
             | school (not piano, but still it's common warmup). I never
             | even went in to music on undergrad.
             | 
             | Everyone I knew who went into music for undergrad could
             | play arpeggio in their sleep in any key, and most of them
             | could do it on the piano too even when that wasn't their
             | instrument.
             | 
             | Maybe what happened is that was a class of all non pianists
             | who were dragging their feet learning piano? Idk
        
         | mrehler wrote:
         | > 4. It seems very unlikely that the keys would literally be
         | chosen out of a hat. IME of these kinds of exams there's no
         | need for randomness. Students tend to be asked for the less
         | familiar keys because they're less likely to know them well. If
         | someone gets C major and someone else gets Gb major for random
         | reasons it's really not much of a fair test.
         | 
         | Music teacher - the scale portion of our state's band All-State
         | auditions are one by choice, two by random draw (for a total of
         | 3).
        
           | smelendez wrote:
           | It makes sense in a way. If you preannounce the scales,
           | people will (theoretically) only practice those. If you have
           | the same for everyone and don't preannounce, the scales will
           | leak during the day and the later students will have extra
           | practice/memorization time.
        
       | effnorwood wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | riwsky wrote:
       | Please play a C major scale, but for every third note instead
       | sing "Fizz", every fifth note sing "Buzz", and every 15th note
       | instead sing "FizzBuzz"
        
         | AlecSchueler wrote:
         | This should actually be easy for anyone who practices scales in
         | thirds.
        
           | tremon wrote:
           | But "thirds" occur every other note in the scale, since
           | intervals are 1-based rather than 0-based. "Every third note"
           | would more closely match the progression of a circle of
           | fourths than a regular triad.
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | Major or minor third?
        
           | gnulinux wrote:
           | If it's a major scale, you're not supposed to play minor
           | third. Besides "every third note" will eventually be every
           | note because there are 7 notes in a major scale. So, by the
           | second octave major second will be one of the "fizz" notes
           | (similar to ninth chord, stacked 4 thirds, having a major
           | second).
           | 
           | This can be a legit exam BTW, some contemporary Western
           | classical styles use these kind of patterns to make music.
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | E->G is a minor third.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | Yeah, I only do eighth notes and sixteenth notes, not fifteenth
         | notes, thanks.
        
           | im3w1l wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuplet#Nested_tuplets not that
           | I would have a chance in hell of playing that accurately.
        
       | mdek wrote:
       | A music theory instructor from my past told us a story about his
       | equivalent practical exam. He had to demonstrate proficiency with
       | multiple string instruments. Instead of learning fingering for
       | each instrument, he claimed he tuned them so they could all be
       | played the same way. I don't have any training in string
       | instruments, so I'm not sure how feasible this actually is...
        
         | ludston wrote:
         | It's bizarre. It's certainly possible to do this but there
         | isn't much point given the different instruments need different
         | fingering tequniques to reach notes anyway, and getting a feel
         | for these fingerings ought to be harder than the transposition.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | It is and it isn't. All of the violin family instruments are
         | tuned in fifths, but the strings have limited tuning range and
         | would either break or produce no sound if you tried to force-
         | fit a single tuning onto all of them, e.g., tuning a violin
         | like a viola or vice versa. The double bass is its own beast,
         | usually tuned in fourths, but in fifths is virtually unplayable
         | without injury by mere mortals. And fifths require careful
         | choice of strings.
         | 
         | You still have to read the clefs.
         | 
         | A remote possibility is that the person was a guitarist or
         | bassist, and tuned the instruments in fourths. I have a friend
         | who studied classical guitar as an undergrad, and music theory
         | in grad school, while earning a living as an electric bassist
         | in R&B bands, then became a theory professor, now retired.
         | 
         | Disclosure: Double bassist.
        
       | hgsgm wrote:
       | > The students who are prone to cheating aren't the smart ones.3
       | 
       | This is a pernicious bias that helps smart people cheat.
       | 
       | Plenty of cheating in major by non-legacy admits at my
       | prestigious university.
        
       | divan wrote:
       | Exams and sports competitions are a particularly nasty example of
       | Campbell's Law (or Goodheart's Law) - collapsing the correlation
       | between metric and the true goal.
       | 
       | Exams, for example, are supposed to measure how much students
       | progressed. "True goal" - learn some knowledge or master some
       | skill. "Metric" is the quiz/tests/exam result.
       | 
       | If you try to design an exam for any new skill or knowledge,
       | you'll come up with a pretty good metric. But soon, people will
       | start ignoring the true goal and focus on the metric. Instead of
       | "measuring" how well they learned the skill, your metric measures
       | "how well they overfitted for the exam".
       | 
       | In a way, the mere fact that people need to "prepare for exams"
       | is a testament to how failed the system is.
       | 
       | Sport is similar. The initial idea of the judging system and
       | competitions is to "measure" the performance of the athlete.
       | Rewards and rules are introduced to make this metric clear and
       | unambiguous. Fast-forward a couple of decades, and athletes and
       | coaches don't care about overall performance - they care about
       | winning the medal, so they focus only on the subset of a skill
       | that gives points. This problem is especially horrifying in the
       | sports like figure skating after introducing the IJS system in
       | 2006. Correlation between "true goal" (skating skills) and
       | "metrics" (points given for specific elements) is collapsed -
       | people chase points, not the skill.
       | 
       | It's not a simple problem. There are few neat papers on how to
       | approach solving Goodheart's problems ([1] [2]). But on a
       | practical level, the number one tool seems to be to decrease the
       | importance of the metric.
       | 
       | Some sports, for example, have "one major competition" once in 4
       | years (Olympic Games). The price of winning it is insane. Who
       | cares about the true goal if it's almost life-and-death
       | importance? You chase the points. But other sports have a more
       | healthy approach - tennis, for example, doesn't care much about
       | the Olympics. They have Slams and different surfaces competitions
       | throughout the year. You lost a game - not the end of the world.
       | There will be many more. The higher prize is to win all four
       | Slams in your career, so the price of the metric at a single
       | competition is not that huge.
       | 
       | And this collapsing metric is a reason why people cheat. You
       | can't cheat on a true goal, only on a proxy metric.
       | 
       | [1] Categorizing Variants of Goodhart's Law -
       | https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04585
       | 
       | [2] Building Less Flawed Metrics: Dodging Goodhart and Campbell's
       | Laws -
       | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334478956_Building_...
        
         | devnullbrain wrote:
         | >Some sports, for example, have "one major competition" once in
         | 4 years (Olympic Games).
         | 
         | Even more so for gymnastics, where it's effectively one
         | competition a lifetime.
         | 
         | On the other hand, Goodhart's law is the reason we have the
         | Fosbury flop, clean & jerk and - formerly the greatest Olympic
         | sport of all - racewalking.
        
           | divan wrote:
           | Right, but again, what's the True Goal of jump part of
           | athletics? Unlikely it's "achieve maximum at vertical jumping
           | with these very specific conditions". It's more like "achieve
           | maximum at vertical jumping". Which includes thousands of
           | variantions. It's just we can't measure it without some
           | standards, so specific rules were introduced. In a way, these
           | limitations that rule impose at technique are the byproduct
           | of inability to measure True Goal. We measure what's
           | measurable, and for that some degree of standartization is
           | required.
           | 
           | I'm not sure I'm familiar with racewalking story. Any good
           | links to read?
        
       | kwhitefoot wrote:
       | That is so sad.
        
       | dfan wrote:
       | I assume the following quote was not meant to be precise:
       | 
       | > The students didn't even distribute the keys among themselves
       | in a plausible manner. Each student chose an easy key to
       | practice, so there were a lot of F majors and E minors, but no B
       | flat minors or B majors.
       | 
       | but B major is pretty much the easiest scale to play on the piano
       | there is!
        
         | tomsmeding wrote:
         | In terms of fingering if you know it. It's also one of the
         | least common; there's a lot of music in F major, there's less
         | accidentals in the scale and hence music in the key is more
         | easily readable, chords are more easily deduced (less black
         | keys involved), etc.
        
       | [deleted]
        
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