[HN Gopher] Significant breakthrough in search for Parkinson's b...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Significant breakthrough in search for Parkinson's biomarker
        
       Author : sandGorgon
       Score  : 460 points
       Date   : 2023-05-01 09:12 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.michaeljfox.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.michaeljfox.org)
        
       | MontyCarloHall wrote:
       | I wonder if there is any relation to the odorous biomarker that
       | dogs can sniff out in Parkinson's patients:
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36054272/
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | First discovered by this Scottish woman being able to detect
         | the smell herself
         | https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/sep/07/woman-who-ca...
        
       | vrglvrglvrgl wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | athoun wrote:
       | For those living in the bay area, you should know that the
       | groundwater in many areas is contaminated with TCE due to
       | computer manufacturing industry which used it as a solvent. Dry
       | cleaners are another common culprit of contamination to the
       | groundwater. These groundwater plumes can extend for quite a
       | large distance from the original site of contamination and seep
       | into the first story of residences and buildings through vapor
       | intrusion. The TCE solvent is directly linked to Parkinsons [1].
       | 
       | Take a look at where you live on the California waterboard
       | website [2] and look for nearby groundwater contamination sites.
       | TCE / PCE contamination sites anywhere near your residence or
       | workplace would put you at risk of getting Parkinsons. I know
       | someone who got it and indeed they lived near a dry-cleaner that
       | was leaching TCE into the groundwater decades ago. The solvent
       | entires your residence through vapor intrusion, especially on the
       | first floor or basement.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/common-dry-
       | cleanin...
       | 
       | [2]
       | https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/map/?CMD=runreport&mya...
        
         | alixanderwang wrote:
         | What can I do if I live near one of the red spots? Do air and
         | water filters help?
        
           | athoun wrote:
           | If you're in an apartment building, moving to a higher floor
           | would help as it affects the basement and first floor the
           | most.
           | 
           | If you're in a house, the same mitigations for radon exposure
           | would likely work to reduce TCE as well.
           | 
           | Regularly ventilating your home may also help keep the levels
           | down.
           | 
           | Lastly, there are typically many years of exposure required
           | before you notice any symptoms. So moving would be another
           | viable option.
        
           | theGnuMe wrote:
           | Open the windows or move. Your tap water is unaffected, you'd
           | have to be on a well to be impacted. But activated carbon
           | water filters work to remove it.
        
         | alexpotato wrote:
         | This Twitter thread on the specifics of how dry cleaning retail
         | stores contribute to the problem is an excellent quick
         | overview:
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/realEstateTrent/status/14378028033139220...
        
         | m00dy wrote:
         | Why is still allowed to leach tce into groundwater
        
           | daniel_reetz wrote:
           | It's not allowed. These are old plumes and they stay around
           | for a long time and are very expensive to clean up.
        
             | whamlastxmas wrote:
             | Cool, let's make the companies that caused it pay for it
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | That's clearly socialism and making companies pay for
               | damage they cause and their externalaties is oppressive
               | regulation. We should instead reduce the EPA's power
               | until they are a shell of an organization. How else are
               | we going to get our burning rivers back?
        
               | beambot wrote:
               | Many of those companies no longer exist...
        
               | zymhan wrote:
               | That's why we have the EPA Superfund program
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Superfund
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | There are a lot of superfund sites, man. And it sucks
               | that the FeddyGov is on the hook to cleanup the mess that
               | big corps make.
        
               | acchow wrote:
               | It should be renamed "minifund" given how small the fund
               | is today and how few sites they actually clean up
               | 
               | The reinstatement of the excise tax in 2022 may actually
               | be harmful to its own environment. It's an import tax on
               | crude oil, which will encourage the domestic oil industry
               | leading to an _importing_ of pollution.
        
               | Fatnino wrote:
               | Santa Clara county has the most superfund sites.
        
           | athoun wrote:
           | It's not supposed to leach into the groundwater, but nobody
           | is enforcing the companies that are handling these chemicals
           | to ensure they don't get into the groundwater supply. Many of
           | the worst contaminations in the area were caused by big tech
           | companies such as HP who didn't realize their underground TCE
           | tanks were leaking whoops.
           | 
           | As of 2023 only two states have banned TCE (Minnesota and New
           | York), and the federal government has yet to do anything to
           | control it. It has and will continue to be used extensively
           | in industrial application such as at electronic assembly
           | lines, dry-cleaners, mechanics, air force bases, coffee
           | decaffeination, textile industry, and the list goes on. The
           | best you can do is live in a highly residential area which is
           | far from the locations where any of these business could
           | operate.
        
       | c3534l wrote:
       | My grandmother had Parkinson's and it was awful. How long until I
       | can go to the doctor, get some blood drawn, and see if I'll
       | develop it one day?
        
         | PaulKeeble wrote:
         | You could do a genetic test, Parkinsons has well associated
         | genetic markers and consumer level companies can do testing of
         | this (and others). 23 and me have a bit on it.
         | 
         | https://www.23andme.com/topics/health-predispositions/parkin...
        
           | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
           | Although if 23andme say you don't have the genes, you might
           | still have them. Also they'll probably sell your data.
        
           | Palomides wrote:
           | it's not a trivially heritable disease, genetic testing can't
           | tell you with any real confidence if you'll develop symptoms
           | 
           | edit: you may be able to contact a parkinson's genetics
           | counselor specialist which may be more useful
        
         | EvanAnderson wrote:
         | What would you do if you found out you would? (I ask as someone
         | whose great-grandfather, great-uncle, and grandfather all had
         | Parkinson's.)
         | 
         | I've avoided any testing because, as far as I know, there's
         | nothing preventative to be done. I'd love to hear otherwise.
         | I've broached the subject with my last two primary care
         | physicians and both advised that there was no point in knowing.
        
           | techwiz137 wrote:
           | If you know for certain, then you might do things you
           | otherwise wouldn't.
           | 
           | E.g decide to have children or not, plan a will. Live life to
           | the max. Potentially get a head start on treatment if one
           | were ultimately available, even if super experimental and
           | maybe even not working in the end.
           | 
           | Honestly, there are many reasons to know beforehand and not a
           | lot of reasons to not know.
        
             | SnowHill9902 wrote:
             | Parkinson's does not prevent any of those.
        
             | agsnu wrote:
             | Ignorance is bliss
        
             | m3kw9 wrote:
             | So if you gonna die anyways you won't live life to the max?
             | Probably better off not finding out and live life to the
             | max without the thought of it
        
               | Tagbert wrote:
               | Things like deciding when to retire. You might want to
               | retire earlier and spend time doing things instead of
               | waiting to retire to get maximum retirement payout.
        
               | m3kw9 wrote:
               | But will you really enjoy your days with that cloud over
               | your head, if I were to choose I wouldn't want to know
        
           | Workaccount2 wrote:
           | Pick up a nicotine addiction.
           | 
           | Seriously, it has long been understood that people who smoke
           | have dramatically lower levels of parkinsons. It comes from
           | the neuroprotective properties of nicotine. You don't have to
           | become a smoker, you could theoretically use any of the other
           | forms (vape, gum, patch)
        
             | victor106 wrote:
             | https://www.apdaparkinson.org/article/smoking-and-
             | parkinsons...
             | 
             | Smoking and Nicotine addiction are still bad.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | You don't have to smoke cigarettes to get nicotine. Using
               | a patch just gives you nicotine in a very safe way, and
               | nicotine itself isn't particularly harmful.
        
               | caeril wrote:
               | Nicotine is wonderful. 2mg and 4mg lozenges are readily
               | available, you don't have to take up smoking to get it.
               | It's excellent for many, many things: cognition, focus,
               | appetite control, positive habit formation, etc.
               | 
               | Addiction is literally its only downside.
        
             | jjfoooo4 wrote:
             | Curious if you have any links to support lower incidence of
             | Parkinsons for smokers. I found this, which states that
             | nicotine does not slow the disease once started:
             | https://www.michaeljfox.org/news/nicotine-patch-not-
             | benefici...
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | I'd encourage you to just search google scholar for
               | "nicotine and parkinsons" there are dozens and dozens of
               | studies. It's been well established for decades now, as
               | it stood out, especially in the past, that cigarette
               | smokers weren't developing parkinsons as expected. Here
               | is a recent meta study though:
               | 
               | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S01
               | 674...
               | 
               | There have also been numerous studies that have found
               | that starting nicotine once symptoms begin is too late,
               | with little or no effect. It is hypothesized that there
               | is some critical point that once crossed, nicotine no
               | longer has an effect. Parkinsons is believed to slowly
               | develop over years or decades, and nicotine stunts this
               | early progression.
        
           | melling wrote:
           | Yes, the age old debate of knowing versus not knowing.
           | 
           | I think I'll skip it because it's not productive.
           | 
           | However, I will point out that your average billionaire with
           | a few decades of advanced notice might be willing to fund
           | research:
           | 
           | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2022/12/09/exclusiv.
           | ..
        
           | nisegami wrote:
           | I think if you find out young enough you can probably try to
           | follow a different trajectory in life. Maybe abstain from
           | stuff like finding a partner, having kids, buying a home or
           | saving for retirement. Make plans to end up in circumstances
           | where you're eligible for MAID and just vibe until you're
           | ready to use it.
        
             | c3534l wrote:
             | Well, Michael J. Fox was diagnosed exceptionally young.
             | Most people only suffer when they're of retired age.
        
           | c3534l wrote:
           | That's a good question. I'm not sure. But it feels like
           | something I'd want to either prepare myself for or just have
           | the relief it won't happen to me.
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | > I've avoided any testing because, as far as I know, there's
           | nothing preventative to be done. I'd love to hear otherwise.
           | 
           | Parkinson's is a nutritional disorder combined with genetic
           | risk.
           | 
           | Zinc and Parkinson's
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8125092/
           | 
           | Pyridoxine (B6) and Parkison's
           | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajmg.b.30198
           | 
           | Riboflavin and Parkinson's https://www.frontiersin.org/articl
           | es/10.3389/fneur.2017.0033...
           | 
           | Nutrition and Parkinson's
           | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02938409
           | 
           | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2014.0003.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00747.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12883-014-0212-1
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | There are lifestyle factors that are supposed to slow the
           | onset and progression. Granted most of those, like exercise,
           | are supposed to be things we do anyways.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | >What would you do if you found out you would?
           | 
           | There's quite a few big decisions to make, no? Preparing
           | financially, making plans for when you're going to retire or
           | what to do before, whether you want to have kids and put them
           | through this, and so on.
           | 
           | If I found out I had a degenerative disease at the very least
           | I'd opt for an egg or sperm donation and not delay having
           | kids. You probably don't want to be in declining health while
           | they're growing up.
        
             | zabzonk wrote:
             | > I'd probably opt for an egg or sperm donation
             | 
             | so that any kids produced would have a high probability of
             | having the disease too?
        
               | Barrin92 wrote:
               | no, so that they don't have a high probability of having
               | a disease because I'd not be passing it on. How did you
               | read anything else into that statement?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It could be more clear. Something like "use a donor".
               | "Donation" can go either way (giving or receiving).
        
       | neals wrote:
       | As I am now casually interested in the subject, what's a good
       | resource to find out why this disease is hard to detect and cure
       | and various other interesting facts?
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | One neglected issue in the article and the comments is that
         | Parkinson's is associated with exposure to various neurotoxic
         | substances including organophosphorous pesticides:
         | 
         | https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/42/5/1476/623189
         | 
         | > "In a population-based case-control study, we assessed
         | frequency of household pesticide use for 357 cases and 807
         | controls... Frequent use of any household pesticide increased
         | the odds of PD by 47% [odds ratio (OR) = 1.47, (95% confidence
         | interval (CI): 1.13, 1.92)]; frequent use of products
         | containing OPs increased the odds of PD more strongly by 71%
         | [OR = 1.71, (95% CI: 1.21, 2.41)] and frequent
         | organothiophosphate use almost doubled the odds of PD."
         | 
         | This is further supported by previous discoveries of
         | Parkinson's brought on by exposure to an opiate analog MPTP, as
         | well as several other pesticides:
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5345642/
         | 
         | > "The identification of MPTP, a relatively simple compound
         | which causes selective degeneration of the substantia nigra
         | after systemic administration, has had an a significant impact
         | on the understanding and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD)
         | over the last 30 years."
         | 
         | It's rather curious that this foundation neglects to discuss
         | any of this, but it is funded by entities affiliated with
         | pharmaceutical manufacturers so perhaps it's not something they
         | want to bring attention to? It does fit with a general pattern
         | of attempting to blame diseases affiliated with environmental
         | exposures on genetics, however.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | This might be useless to you, but OMIM is the canonical
         | database of genetic diseases, and has tons of information:
         | 
         | https://www.omim.org/entry/168600
         | 
         | https://www.omim.org/entry/168601
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | A cursory browse of wikipedia is my first port of call, that's
         | what chatgpt bases their answer on as well (what the other
         | commenter pointed out).
         | 
         | Yeah it's not verified etc, but it's more accessible than
         | reading the sources it cites itself on.
        
         | pyryt wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | sph wrote:
           | Can we have a line on the HN guidelines saying _" telling
           | people you asked about <topic> on ChatGPT doesn't make for
           | interesting discussion. Please refrain from doing so."_
           | 
           | Especially in this case where you don't even tell what did
           | you find out, only that you did ask ChatGPT. Good for you.
        
             | nkotov wrote:
             | It's the new LMGTFY
        
               | sph wrote:
               | But posing as helpful instead of sarcastic, yet equally
               | annoying.
        
           | nequo wrote:
           | Why feed yourself with potential misinformation that you
           | don't know the true source of and you might never double
           | check?
        
             | ethbr0 wrote:
             | > _Why feed yourself with potential misinformation that you
             | don't know the true source of and you might never double
             | check?_
             | 
             | Because I enjoy reading HN?
        
               | nequo wrote:
               | When you run out of HN, do you hit up ChatGPT?
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | I ask ChatGPT to write me a comment thread in the style
               | of Hacker News.
        
               | garyrob wrote:
               | Oh, that was just too easy... :)
        
             | insanitybit wrote:
             | As opposed to? Unless you're actually going to read
             | individual papers, vet the authors, have the baseline
             | statistical knowledge to understand the results, etc,
             | you're always going to be susceptible to potential
             | misinformation. This HN topic is a good example of the
             | difficulty of verifying information.
             | 
             | Who's to say that ChatGPT doesn't provide a better job of
             | filtering it out?
        
               | nequo wrote:
               | Yes, I would start with Google Scholar, or at least
               | Wikipedia because it tries to provide sources for each
               | statement that it makes.
               | 
               | > Who's to say that ChatGPT doesn't provide a better job
               | of filtering it out?
               | 
               | No one because no one knows what sources ChatGPT is
               | blending together in its sentences.
        
               | kanzure wrote:
               | > I would start with Google Scholar
               | 
               | You actually should vet everything you read through
               | Google Scholar too. There is a pervasive belief of
               | consensus in academic science and unfortunately
               | individually verifying information is the only thing we
               | know that actually works- not political consensus.
        
               | kfrzcode wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | nequo wrote:
               | I am not trolling. I don't recommend engaging in a good-
               | faith dialogue with someone by prefacing it with your
               | belief that they are trolling.
               | 
               | If you're basing your trust in ChatGPT on the claim that
               | it is trained on Wikipedia, you might as well read
               | Wikipedia instead because then you also see the sources
               | for each claim, _or the fact that certain claims are
               | unsourced._ ChatGPT will not let you know if a certain
               | claim is more controversial, nor give you further sources
               | to read if you want to know the background of a claim.
        
               | kfrzcode wrote:
               | I don't have trust for things, I build trust with other
               | humans if earned, potentially dogs. Beyond that there's
               | no reason to trust with objectivity and reason.
               | 
               | Digression aside, I would impress upon you I haven't
               | claimed, nor do I believe what you're claiming I have. I
               | am simply providing you with a slice of the larger
               | original academic paper that provides great, rigorous,
               | and peer-reviewed documentation of precisely what GPT is,
               | and what it's trained on.
               | 
               | From this paper you'll perhaps gather an instinct that
               | these folks working on this problem are widely aware of
               | the extremely well-known concept of "open source
               | knowledge" and were well considered in their application
               | of pruning data to their needs.
               | 
               | I believe you'll perhaps further gather retrospective
               | insight upon the idea that GPT is doing anything more
               | than giving you a T9-predictive-autotext for the entirety
               | of that dataset; meaning you can try to coax it into
               | saying anything you want but if the p-values aren't right
               | or the predictive potential of a given token "coming up
               | next" isn't there, that's just.. how it goes.
               | 
               | It's data. It's not quite the tower of Babel, but we'll
               | get there soon enough. Kind of like how all the fancy 3D
               | video game rendering software that looks incredible these
               | days is still just manipulating tuples and vectors with
               | matrix calculations, stuff you could do on paper but why
               | would you do that math to describe a picture when you
               | could just draw it.
               | 
               | ChatGPT is just drawing the pictures (in this poorly
               | chosen analogy), and giving us the cool graphics. The
               | math is all pretty benign and based in the fundamentals
               | of neural networks, not even the more fanciful CV and
               | deeper trained NLP can get to.
               | 
               | Info-scientists, I wonder what the "rainbow table" of all
               | language and ideas etc. that would be relevant to a
               | latent language learning model would be... this is a
               | wonder to me because I lack the sufficient knowledge and
               | field expertise.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | parkersweb wrote:
         | I'd recommend Rory Cellan Jones on Substack [1]. He was the
         | technology correspondent for the BBC until a few years ago -
         | and is now retired partly because of the onset of Parkinson's.
         | 
         | As a result he's devoted much of his retirement to reporting on
         | innovation in treating and managing Parkinson's.
         | 
         | [1] https://rorycellanjones.substack.com
        
       | shadowtree wrote:
       | Interesting that big flu outbreaks cause a long term spike in
       | Parkinson's - how much more will be traced back to the impact of
       | viruses?
       | 
       | Saw that come up as a worry around Covid, seems the loss of
       | smell/taste is a commonality with Parkison. We will not know for
       | a decade or two though, but these biomarkers might help
       | accelerate measuring the impact.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | I am currently struggling with the idea of going back to
         | vaping, having quit 3 years ago following covid, because
         | nicotine has consistently shown to be a strong drug for fending
         | off parkinsons.
        
           | sbmsr wrote:
           | Would nicotine patches help?
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | I could do that, but I smoked cigarettes for 7 years and
             | then vaped for 9 years. So I don't know if I could jump
             | back into nicotine but hold off on the smoking/vaping
             | aspect of it.
        
               | sph wrote:
               | Funny tangent, I quit vaping on 2 Jan 2020 after the
               | worst flu I have ever had (after a flight abroad.. early
               | COVID?) and while I was finally successful after a decade
               | of quitting, it killed all my motivation and energy.
               | 
               | Then I got diagnosed with ADHD, got stimulant meds which
               | restored the energy and then some, and it was clear I had
               | been self medicating all my life with nicotine and I was
               | completely lost without. If one day I lose access to
               | stimulant meds, you better believe I'm back on the patch
               | and/or the vape.
               | 
               | But in general dude, do not joke about nicotine. You are
               | 3 years clean, it's incredibly hard to quit. If you done
               | it once, it doesn't mean you'll do it twice. Maybe
               | avoiding Parkinson's by vaping is a terrible excuse.
               | You've never known addiction if you believe this time
               | you'll be able to control it.
        
           | karussell wrote:
           | Do you have any sources? Or did you mean that ironically,
           | because as a smoker you die earlier than the average gets
           | Parkinson's?
        
         | graeme wrote:
         | It's very plausible in 10-20 years or so. Studies found a
         | massive increase in acting out of dreams amongst those who had
         | Covid.
         | 
         | This acting out of dreams is a very strong precursor to
         | Parkinson's. According to this, 80% of people with it get
         | Parkinson's within 20 years.
         | 
         | https://www.salon.com/2023/04/24/long-parkinsons/
        
           | yosito wrote:
           | Well that certainly puts a dark twist on the phrase "living
           | the dream".
        
       | avazhi wrote:
       | Not to unnecessarily shit on the parade, but I'm not sure this is
       | by itself all that exciting, and calling it a breakthrough seems
       | like an exaggeration. Diagnosing Parkinson's isn't really an
       | issue - worst case you give the putative sufferer Levadopa and
       | see if they respond. If they do, they've got Parkinson's.
       | 
       | Not sure how much this really changes the time horizon for an
       | actual treatment. It's progress, ostensibly, but I'd quibble with
       | categorising it as a breakthrough.
        
         | fatfingerd wrote:
         | Finding subtypes before clear symptoms is obviously superior
         | for testing earlier intervention and allowing patients to make
         | a living will with fuller faculties.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | > I'm not sure this is by itself all that exciting
         | 
         | This actually seems pretty significant.
         | 
         | 1) It gets us closer to understanding the pathology:
         | 
         | >> It also suggests that alpha-synuclein aggregation in spinal
         | fluid is not a life-long trait but rather acquired as part of a
         | disease biology process that ultimately gives rise to symptoms.
         | 
         | 2) It gives us a higher resolution of detection.
         | 
         | >> aSyn-SAA can distinguish Parkinson's from control volunteers
         | with a stunningly robust sensitivity of 88 percent and
         | specificity of 96 percent.
         | 
         | 3) It shows different disease subtypes or mechanisms:
         | 
         | >> These results suggest that not all cases of clinical
         | Parkinson's symptoms are associated with the accumulation of
         | alpha-synuclein aggregates as detected by this assay, and that
         | LRRK2 variant carriers, in particular, may not show this
         | pathology.
         | 
         | 4) It gets us earlier signal:
         | 
         | >> This finding suggests that synuclein pathology could be
         | detectable by this assay earlier than dopamine dysfunction is
         | seen with DAT imaging, extending the window in which it may be
         | possible to intervene with preventive therapies.
         | 
         | This is a valuable tool that will shed light on the entire
         | disease pathology and guide further research and investigation
         | into treatments.
        
         | threeseed wrote:
         | They are working towards not requiring spinal fluid for the
         | test.
         | 
         | So it's possible that it could end up being a non-invasive test
         | that could be done at regular intervals early in life.
         | 
         | Especially given that 15% of people with Parkinson's have a
         | family history.
        
         | PaulKeeble wrote:
         | Biomarkers are extremely important in any disease. They make
         | diagnosis very clear cut but that isn't the main reason they
         | are necessary.
         | 
         | What a biomarker really does is focus research for treatments,
         | you know precisely what it is you have to change and to what
         | level and how to measure it. This makes it a easy to target
         | drug development and to measure whether it works. Without a
         | biomarker you never know if the drug being developed will help
         | or not and most drug companies stay away from diseases without
         | one.
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | The problem the OP pointed out is a valid one. Alpha-
           | synuclein is a biomarker for many neurological diseases
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24262191/
           | 
           | So you might say someone has a marker for Parkinson's and
           | they might get another neurological disorder.
           | 
           | They tried these treatments in Alzheimer's and it failed.
           | Why? because it is just another symptom and not the
           | fundamental cause of the disease.
           | 
           | It is a good biomarker for poor health, but it is not a good
           | biomarker for any specific disorder.
        
       | bonnoechismar wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | skottk wrote:
       | Had to start researching this when a family member was recently
       | diagnosed.
       | 
       | Parkinson's has many forms and many causes. There's a big divide
       | between Parkinson's _disease_ (idiopathic Parkinson's) and
       | Parkinsonism from a variety of sources - stroke, drug-induced,
       | and so on. There are also other conditions, like progressive
       | supranuclear palsy, that are considered either to masquerade as
       | Parkinsonism or to constitute another cause of Parkinsonism.
       | 
       | Recommended treatments differ by the root cause of the symptoms.
       | Some of the treatments that are recommended for one form may be
       | contraindicated for other forms, or for different stages. For
       | example, the recommended dopamine agonists are also the primary
       | cause of Parkinson's hallucinations, so you have to trade back
       | some strength and mobility if those start.
       | 
       | Something like 80% of Parkinsonism derives from idiopathic
       | Parkinson's Disease.
       | 
       | Overall, it feels like we're really just getting started on these
       | conditions. For decades, it's been thought to be primarily a
       | motor disorder, but it turns out that there are scads of
       | cognitive symptoms that develop years earlier than motor
       | symptoms.
        
         | TexanFeller wrote:
         | > Parkinson's has many forms and many causes.
         | 
         | A lot of my family were farmers. I've had close relatives die
         | with severe Parkinsons, primarily those that farmed their whole
         | life. Their theory was that it was really exposure to a lot of
         | toxic farm chemicals. I can imagine Parkinsons turning out to
         | be several different conditions with similar symptoms.
        
           | jjeaff wrote:
           | My grandmother had 10 siblings. They grew up farming and they
           | picked cotton every summer. Of the 11 siblings, I believe 8
           | of them have parkinsons. They have long thought exposure to
           | whatever pesticides were used on the cotton may have caused
           | the parkinson's late in life. I believe the siblings that
           | don't have parkinsons were those that for whatever reason,
           | had much less exposure to the cotton. Both parents lived
           | pretty long and neither had the disease. There are two sets
           | of twins, one identical, one fraternal. I'm not sure which of
           | those have it. I've long thought that a case study could be
           | made just about that family of 13.
        
           | felixyz wrote:
           | Certain pesticides are confirmed causes of Parkinsons. Don't
           | remember which now, but could look it up.
        
             | caeril wrote:
             | Maybe. The correlation is weak. If you're looking for a
             | stronger correlation, try obesity.
             | 
             | People who are very overweight or obese in middle age
             | (35-55) are significantly more likely to develop
             | Parkinson's after 60, even if they lose the weight prior to
             | diagnosis. Now this could be a pure lifestyle-correlation,
             | but my spidey sense suggests it's causative, knowing how
             | causative obesity is for SO MANY other degenerative and
             | chronic diseases.
             | 
             | The best advice you can give anyone, at any time, for the
             | prevention of nearly every poor health outcome we have a
             | name for is and always will be: don't get fat; if you're
             | fat, stop being fat.
        
             | TaupeRanger wrote:
             | No, none are "confirmed causes". There are _mild
             | associations_ between the use of certain pesticides and
             | Parkinson 's, but much lower than the overall genetic risk
             | factors, and there's always the possibility of confounding
             | factors in the studies.
        
               | daveguy wrote:
               | What's your source, if you don't mind me asking? I ask
               | because some pesticides are well established to be linked
               | to increased risk of parkinson's. Including carbamates
               | (3.5x), organophosphorus (2x) and organoclorine (2x).
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33991619/
        
             | zug_zug wrote:
             | There are actually a number of different pesticides that
             | are linked to parkinson's. It's especially strong for
             | farmers who get a much larger dose than the people
             | consuming the food - simply type "parkinson's farmer
             | pesticide" into google scholar. One example is Paraquat,
             | which is already banned in numerous countries but not US
             | [1]. Aside from this Parkinson's link being established in
             | farmers who use Paraquat, it's found it rats too.
             | 
             | Another is rotenone [2].
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraquat
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rotenone
        
           | michelb wrote:
           | In The Netherlands we have A LOT of farmers with parkinsons.
           | Most, if not all cases seem to be related to
           | Roundup/Glyphosate.
        
             | m463 wrote:
             | I wonder how much of this gets "downstream" to people
             | eating the food produced.
             | 
             | EDIT: https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/summary.php
             | 
             |  _The 2023 DIRTY DOZEN
             | 
             | Of the 46 items included in our analysis, these 12 fruits
             | and vegetables were most contaminated with pesticides:_
             | Strawberries         Spinach         Kale, collard and
             | mustard greens         Peaches         Pears
             | Nectarines         Apples         Grapes         Bell and
             | hot peppers         Cherries         Blueberries
             | Green beans
        
               | adultSwim wrote:
               | Personally, I'm much more concerned about the risks to
               | farm workers than risks to the general population.
        
               | sph wrote:
               | The carnivore doesn't sound so idiotic viewed under that
               | lens. The thing about mammals is that they have liver and
               | kidneys, which are _remarkably_ good at filtering toxins.
               | Certainly much better than a plant.
               | 
               | I wonder if the reason many feel better eating only meat
               | is that they avoid pesticides that wreck havoc on their
               | body. I know I do feel like a million bucks after just 10
               | days, even though it's extremely boring.
        
             | hbarka wrote:
             | Roundup/Glyphosate is such a nasty chemical. Farmers use it
             | in practice regularly for crop desiccation [1] in order to
             | yield more harvest cycles. Why do we still allow it knowing
             | what we know?
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crop_desiccation
        
               | potta_coffee wrote:
               | Monsanto is big money, that's why. Just like everything
               | else in our blown out civilization.
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | Because cash rules everything around me ("CREAM"), aka
               | dolla dolla bill yall.
               | 
               | Or to put it another way, roundup is made by a large,
               | influential company (Monsanto) and they can pressure
               | regulatory agencies & politicians.
        
           | jowdones wrote:
           | My father, an agricultural engineer who worked with
           | herbicides and pesticides for some 30 years, passed away a
           | few days ago from advanced Parkinson's at the age of 82. Now
           | he wasn't exactly in his teens anymore but his 87 years old
           | brother who was a teacher is in fairly good shape for his age
           | while my father became a ghost of a man (in end stage you
           | cannot even swallow anymore).
        
       | peignoir wrote:
       | I hope this will also help to advance the research on Lewy Bodies
       | Dementia (also correlated by mis folded alpha synuclein
        
       | FollowingTheDao wrote:
       | This is everything and nothing all at once.
       | 
       | Synucleinopathies are found in many neurological diseases. They
       | even find it in Long COVID.
       | 
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9108014/
       | 
       | This is a marker for many diseases. They still have not found the
       | trigger for Synucleinopathies, which I believe is a nutrient
       | deficiency causing oxidative stress and zinc is at the top of my
       | list.
       | 
       | https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/23/11/2791/621896
       | https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/142/8/2380/5523051
       | 
       | By the way, this is the same reason peop[le loose their sense of
       | smell with COVID. And I believe COVID is going to cause a rise in
       | Parkinson's cases.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | If the loss of smell is so brief, why would it cause this
         | later?
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | It might not.
           | 
           | If the build up of alpha-synuclein is rapid during COVID that
           | might only cause a temporary issue if the person can still
           | break it down. These people might not go on to get
           | Parkinson's.
           | 
           | Matrix metalloproteinases break down alpha-synuclein.
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21330369/
           | 
           | And it's cofactor, the metal that increases MMP3 activity is
           | zinc (and calcium).
           | 
           | https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P08254/entry
           | 
           | This is why I keep screaming that zinc is probably a central
           | deficiency to both of these disorders in some people.
        
       | nailer wrote:
       | On a tangent, they also know the enzyme that causes SIDS and
       | should have a testing program in place soon.
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | This sounds really interesting! Can you provide a link to more
         | info?
        
           | meindnoch wrote:
           | "A 2022 study found that infants who died of SIDS exhibited
           | significantly lower specific activity of
           | butyrylcholinesterase, an enzyme involved in the brain's
           | arousal pathway, shortly after birth. This can serve as a
           | biomarker to identify infants with a potential autonomic
           | cholinergic dysfunction and elevated risk for SIDS."
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIDS
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Maybe this can stop the false prosecutions too. Or would
             | they not be able to measure the enzymes in an autopsy?
        
               | jpk2f2 wrote:
               | May help, but it's still only one (potential) cause of
               | SIDS.
               | 
               | SIDS encompasses a wide variety of risk factors. For
               | example, heart pathologies are another common cause of
               | SIDS. Additionally, stomach sleeping and inadvertent
               | suffocation are other common risk factors.
        
       | DavidPeiffer wrote:
       | If anyone wants to help the cause, PPMI is a large scale study
       | funded by the Michael J Fox Foundation to help find early
       | biomarkers.
       | 
       | Even if you have no history of Parkinson's in your family, you
       | can participate in the study which is primarily surveys. It's
       | easy to participate, and can help find more early indications of
       | a horrible disease.
       | 
       | https://www.michaeljfox.org/ppmi-clinical-study
        
         | mahmoudhossam wrote:
         | Unfortunately US and Canada residents only for now.
        
       | DrBazza wrote:
       | Is this a consequence of the 'woman who can smell Parkinson's'?
       | 
       | https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/news/meet-woman-who-can-smell-...
        
       | lambdaba wrote:
       | I just found out about Thiamine (vitamin B1) megadose therapy for
       | Parkinson's:
       | 
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3762356/
       | 
       | Another study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26505466/
       | 
       | > Conclusions: Administration of parenteral high-dose thiamine
       | was effective in reversing PD motor and nonmotor symptoms. The
       | clinical improvement was stable over time in all the patients.
       | From our clinical evidence, we hypothesize that a dysfunction of
       | thiamine-dependent metabolic processes could cause selective
       | neural damage in the centers typically affected by this disease
       | and might be a fundamental molecular event provoking
       | neurodegeneration. Thiamine could have both restorative and
       | neuroprotective action in PD.
       | 
       | This experience report of halting Parkinson's:
       | https://youtu.be/iuSOQOTyB9w
        
         | c_hagau wrote:
         | Published in the "Journal of Integrative and Complementary
         | Medicine", "The leading peer-reviewed journal providing
         | scientific research for the evaluation and integration of
         | complementary medicine into mainstream medical practice."
         | 
         | "Integrative and Complementary Medicine" is a fancy way of
         | saying quackery.
         | 
         | Also, the video you linked to is on a channel run by a person
         | describing himself as "a certified functional medicine
         | practitioner & naturopathic nutritional therapist [..]. He
         | enjoys making videos on a wide variety of health-related topics
         | ranging from nutritional biochemistry to circadian biology,
         | animal-based nutrition, and the dangers of electromagnetic
         | radiation."
         | 
         | No further questions, your honor.
        
           | canadiantim wrote:
           | My pet peeve is people dismissing potentially very valuable
           | scientific results because they're afraid of quackery...
           | 
           | Yes we should be cautious but no we should not dismiss. In
           | fact I consider myself very fortunate for stumbling on this
           | information as it may be very helpful for someone I love and
           | I want to explore every possible way that can help.
        
             | pelorat wrote:
             | Reminds me of this post I saw on CompSci Reddit once. A
             | person claimed to have made an O(n) algorithm for finding
             | loops in a graph (or something like that), and he posted
             | the source code. The comments were all in the line "big if
             | true, but I'm going to have to see a peer reviewed paper"
             | to which he answered along the lines of: "I'm paid to write
             | code, I'm not paid to write papers. I made this algorithm
             | solve a problem at work, take it or leave it".
             | 
             | The thread died without anyone actually checking if his
             | algorithm worked or not.
             | 
             | Who knows...
        
             | kfrzcode wrote:
             | Agreed; this is akin to the "woo" applied writ large to the
             | lucid dreaming phenomenology; or anything "metaphysical"
             | crossing into "empirical" -- I have a fondness for the UAP
             | topic and it's poster child for this effect. I know there's
             | a grain of truth in the bucket but the wackery is beyond my
             | ability to dredge.
        
             | insanitybit wrote:
             | This isn't an unfounded fear of quackery, they've supported
             | their view to an extent.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | It's not fear, it's challenging a conclusion made by people
             | based on their credentials. If the science stands up to
             | scrutiny and peer review, then great, but if it doesn't
             | then it's not true.
             | 
             | The quackery label comes in not from the science but from
             | the people behind it and the monikers / titles that they
             | applied to themselves - unrecognized and not formally
             | tested monikers / titles.
             | 
             | The formal testing is so that there's a proven and
             | traceable minimum knowledge and background behind a
             | person's statements. Like a bachelor's degree for a
             | software engineer vs a two week boot camp.
        
             | andreskytt wrote:
             | You did not, in fact, stumble upon information. You
             | stumbled on a person making statements. There's a
             | difference, especially when lives are at stake.
        
             | tgv wrote:
             | Do explore it, but check other (reputable) sources for the
             | effect on Parkinson and for counter-indications (although
             | there don't seem to be obvious ones).
             | 
             | The journal, however, is bad. Looking for articles, the
             | first I found claims that sounds of nature have a positive
             | effect on gambling addicts, something unwarranted by the
             | actual experimental conditions. The peer review and
             | editorial process seem to be lacking.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | I mean sounds of nature have a positive effect on most
               | people so that sounds like low hanging fruit, lol.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | That's the precise essence of why quackery is dangerous.
             | People are searching for "every possible way that can help"
             | and quackery can easily exploit that natural tendency. (I
             | am not qualified to render any opinion on whether this
             | specific protocol is quackery.)
        
               | canadiantim wrote:
               | That's also the precise essence of throwing out the baby
               | with the bathwater.
               | 
               | I'd much rather have the information in front of me so I
               | can evaluate it and make my own determinations. If the
               | parent commenter had their way I would've never seen this
               | information. Now I can actually vet it out and do my own
               | research.
               | 
               | I think it's infinitely more dangerous to deprive people
               | of information.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _much rather have the information in front of me so I
               | can evaluate it and make my own determinations_
               | 
               | This is the danger. Most people, myself included, are not
               | qualified to make that determination alone. In this case,
               | as expected, it looks like it was crap [1][2].
               | 
               | I'm not arguing in any way for censoring anything. But
               | there is legitimate danger when people, often desperate,
               | compare legitimate medical research, which will be
               | subdued, with quackery, which will be ostentatious, and
               | then, worst case, reject the actual medicine or hurt
               | themselves trying to administer rogue therapies.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35771376
               | 
               | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35771048
        
               | 1234letshaveatw wrote:
               | One notable exception to that is Kyrie Irving and other
               | Covid vaccine skeptics, who were amazingly somehow able
               | to "do their own research"
        
               | pfisherman wrote:
               | Counterpoint. Historically people have not been able to
               | evaluate these types of claims. See the history of snake
               | oil salesmen and the origins of the Food Drug and
               | Cosmetics Act.
               | 
               | I don't think it is a problem when people look at stuff,
               | think it is interesting and try something relatively
               | benign on themselves. For me the problem is when people
               | start trying to play doctor without medical training or
               | license.
        
               | canadiantim wrote:
               | I agree with you in regards to the dangers of snake oil
               | and snake oil salesmen and the general inability for the
               | vast majority of people to properly vet medical
               | information.
               | 
               | That being said, I would say it's unfortunately by
               | necessity that people start trying to play doctor. I live
               | in Canada, our healthcare system is currently in shambles
               | such that it's impossible to get timely care. Even the
               | care we do get is time-limited and only focused on saving
               | your life (which is great, but ignores the value of
               | improving quality of life too). Also most of our medical
               | interventions are so far behind the state of the art due
               | to a Byzantine regulatory process that anyone actually
               | trying to help a loved one with a health issue is forced
               | to take matters into their own hands otherwise we fall
               | through the cracks. The medical system is simply failing
               | way too many people in Canada that it's inevitable people
               | Will take their health and the health of their loved ones
               | into their own hands by necessity.
        
               | techdragon wrote:
               | The problem is the lack of incentives to take the "huh
               | that's interesting, but I don't know if I can trust it
               | because it's published in a quack journal" ... and ever
               | reproduce the research and get it into more trusted more
               | prestigious journals.
               | 
               | There's a reproducibility crisis in many fields of
               | research, and medical research has _multiple_ confounding
               | factors, the "no prestige in just redoing the research",
               | lack of money for trying things that might fail to
               | generate RoI for pharmaceutical companies, and the
               | general medical research problems of clinical trails and
               | ethics review and all the other stuff involved in good
               | quality medical research.
               | 
               | Consequently this stuff gets thrown in the quackery
               | bucket and ignored. It's frustrating to see things that
               | won't hurt anyone to try again and properly debunk or
               | expand the evidence for, winding up in an ideological
               | trench war where the outcome is getting to enter round
               | two of the "funding your actual research" trench war.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If you had a legitimate research finding, why would you
               | publish it in a quack journal?
               | 
               | Presumably, because the more prestigious journals
               | declined to publish it.
               | 
               | Why did all of them decline to publish it? There was
               | probably a reason. A paper being published in a quack
               | journal does actually carry a signal about the quality of
               | paper, IMO. No one turns down publishing in Cell or
               | Neuron to publish in Donald's Journal o' Quackery and
               | Crockpot Recipes.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mwbajor wrote:
           | You know what you're right. But not far behind these quacks
           | are neurologists.
           | 
           | If you've ever had someone in your family that might have had
           | Alzheimers or Parkinsons you'll know what I mean.
        
             | glfharris wrote:
             | I think that is being unfair. It's the sad reality that for
             | many neurological conditions we don't have good treatments
             | or cures. However, things like levodopa are godsends for
             | many with Parkinsons, for example.
        
           | tpoacher wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
         | surume wrote:
         | God bless you for sharing this. Thank you.
        
         | bitL wrote:
         | Is it because of thiamine dysfunction or because thiamine at
         | 2000x RDA doses acts as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, i.e.
         | would acetazolamide work the same?
        
         | wyldfire wrote:
         | > 100 mg of thiamine administered intramuscularly twice a week
         | 
         | Is it possible to get anywhere near this much with dietary
         | thiamine?
        
           | helsinkiandrew wrote:
           | > Is it possible to get anywhere near this much with dietary
           | thiamine?
           | 
           | High thiamine food stuffs have a few milligram at most so it
           | would take some effort. However, many B1 vitamin tablets have
           | 100mg-300mg, although I wonder how well that is absorbed
           | compared with an intramuscular shot - it would seem that you
           | could consume the equivalent of 200mg a week.
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | I read somewhere that gut can only let around 80mg
           | thiamine/day and gut gets saturated over time, so only IM/IV
           | would work long-term.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | jtbayly wrote:
         | If this Was discovered 10 years ago, I'm assuming it must be
         | fairly limited in helping, or the results haven't lasted or
         | something?
        
           | Mizza wrote:
           | The cynic in me assumes that it's because this is not a
           | patentable drug.
           | 
           | EDIT:
           | 
           | MJF foundation is aware of it at least -
           | https://www.michaeljfox.org/news/thiamine-vitamin-b1-and-
           | par..., but points out problems with the study. Further
           | Googling quickly leads to the usual quackery about the
           | magical properties of different supplements and vitamins.
           | Hope this goes somewhere though.
        
             | robbiep wrote:
             | This is such a horseshit characterisation of medical
             | research.
             | 
             | Everyone bangs in about the medical industrial complex, and
             | points to either herbs and vitamins, or more recently
             | ivermectin, or hydroxychloroquine.
             | 
             | Everyone conveniently just rolls over the fact that
             | steroids (also patent free) were rapidly identified by a
             | massive research study in the UK, became standard of care,
             | and saved hundreds of thousands of lives.
             | 
             | Is the pharma industry broken? Yes. Are there doctors who
             | are conveniently leaving the cheap things on the shelf so a
             | pharma company can profit off misery? Doctors are people
             | too. In the most extreme form of this conspiracy thinking,
             | apparently no doctors get or die from cancer. Just think on
             | that for a second
        
             | _qua wrote:
             | No way. About five years ago there was a quack-y study
             | about reducing death in sepsis which called for high-dose
             | vitamin C, thiamine and steroids. None of these are patent
             | protected. The first study purported to show a 100%
             | reduction in mortality. There were many RCTs done after
             | this which did not bear out the effect, and it has now
             | essentially been proven to be ineffective. it is possible
             | to fund studies without industry money.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Who actually thought that steroids help with an
               | infection? Don't those usually make you _more_
               | susceptible?
        
               | robbiep wrote:
               | During COVID, steroids were rapidly identified as
               | providing a positive survival benefit and became standard
               | of care.
               | 
               | There is actually a good reason to think that steroids
               | are beneficial in severe infections. This is because
               | often in a severe infection/inflammation, a big portion
               | of the damage is done by the inflammatory response.
               | 
               | Reading about the pathophysiology of influenza 13 years
               | ago after H1N1, I came to this conclusion, and it was
               | trialed, but good quality studies showed it to not be
               | effective.
               | 
               | COVID has a slightly different pathophysiology and in
               | COVID it works.
               | 
               | But yea, as a rule, it's not a good idea to dose with
               | steroids if sick
        
               | vitus wrote:
               | If most of the actual harm is being done by your immune
               | system going into overdrive, then yeah, steroids can
               | help. You'd want to simultaneously treat the infection,
               | of course.
               | 
               | "Multiple randomized trials indicate that systemic
               | corticosteroid therapy improves clinical outcomes and
               | reduces mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
               | who require supplemental oxygen, presumably by mitigating
               | the COVID-19-induced systemic inflammatory response that
               | can lead to lung injury and multisystem organ
               | dysfunction."
               | 
               | https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapies/
               | imm...
               | 
               | But yes, you're also right that it usually makes you more
               | susceptible to infection because your immune system isn't
               | working as hard.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I can see that in some cases. I doubt that would be
               | beneficial in the case of sepsis, right?
        
               | vitus wrote:
               | Actually, it's complicated, and there really isn't
               | consensus one way or another.
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5949415/
               | 
               | "Seventeen meta-analyses of these studies have been
               | performed and have similarly shown conflicting results
               | with some demonstrating a survival advantage (4-6) while
               | other have not (7-10). Consequently, true equipoise
               | exists with regards to the clinical benefit of
               | corticosteroids in patients with severe sepsis and septic
               | shock.
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               | In summary, the use of corticosteroids in patients with
               | severe sepsis and septic shock is not associated with
               | improved patient centered outcomes, however this
               | treatment is safe and without an increased risk of
               | complications. Corticosteroids appear to have synergistic
               | biological effects when combined with intravenous vitamin
               | C and thiamine and may be associated with improved
               | patient centered outcomes (21)."
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604467/
               | 
               | "In this review article, we reviewed a total of eight
               | different articles being done in last 10 years, relevant
               | to the clinical outcome and effects of corticosteroids.
               | Among those, two demonstrated improved clinical outcomes,
               | two showed both improved clinical outcomes and decreased
               | mortality, three showed increased adverse effects, and
               | the remaining one showed unequivocal results."
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Interesting
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | Chronically, yes. Sometimes they can help address a more
               | serious acute issue.
        
               | insanitybit wrote:
               | I've taken steroids when I had a virus because the
               | symptoms caused by the virus were severe. The doctor made
               | it clear that I should take it as little as possible, but
               | it was "your throat is going to close up OR it takes a
               | little longer to get better".
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | There is a fair amount of research on diet and nutrition.
             | Much of that is not patentable. For example, I think a
             | recent one was all over the news about magnesium rich foods
             | lowering risk for dementia. Unfortunately this area sees a
             | lot of back and forth in some areas (like with eggs).
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | Most doctors would laugh at vitamin supplementation even at
           | pharmaceutic megadoses despite people reporting they feel
           | much better. I have seen both GPs and a neurosurgeon laughing
           | about it.
        
             | ethbr0 wrote:
             | When in doubt, just throw the kitchen sink at the problem.
             | 
             | https://www.hangoverkw.com/
        
         | cycomanic wrote:
         | https://www.michaeljfox.org/news/thiamine-vitamin-b1-and-par...
         | 
         | The Michael J Fox foundation is more muted and says evidence is
         | still missing. There have only been 2 trials and both were
         | missing a placebo control group.
        
           | oefnak wrote:
           | Imagine having Parkinsons and being in the placebo control
           | group.
        
             | wyldfire wrote:
             | Today we should assume that it's harmless to get the
             | placebo.
             | 
             | Only if a trial shows extraordinary consistent benefit
             | without drawbacks would they stop it because the placebo
             | group is harmed for lack of access to the treatment.
        
             | DavidPiper wrote:
             | I used to share this sentiment for Parkinsons and other
             | currently-intractable conditions. I still do sometimes,
             | depending on the circumstances of the patient in question.
             | 
             | But the thing that stopped me generalising this was seeing
             | second-hand that trialing a new treatment can be
             | extraordinarily dangerous (and/or fatal).
             | 
             | Imagine being in the experiment group and the untested
             | treatment being a catastrophic failure.
        
             | mypalmike wrote:
             | Being part of a rigorous process by which a cure may be
             | found? Sign me up.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | You're thinking that even a gamble on untested / unverified
             | treatment might improve their lives; it might, but it might
             | also do nothing, make it work, or worst case kill them.
             | 
             | But I get it. My partner has an untreatable condition (like
             | EDS, but without the genetic markers); they'd jump on any
             | kind of hope, even experimental at this point.
        
             | NobleLie wrote:
             | Imagine symptoms improving being in the placebo group?
             | 
             | What are the statistics on _that_?
        
           | huhtenberg wrote:
           | It's for the US and Canada only.
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | Take a look at zinc instead. It helps increase the activity of
         | enzymes that break down alpha-synuclein.
         | 
         | https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/23/11/2791/621896
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | This further assures my thought that Parkinsons is caused by
         | gut bacteria
        
         | aintgonnatakeit wrote:
         | The first study has 3 patients. The second study is a little
         | better, but not by much. Both have the same first author. If
         | this were legitimate, some academic medical center in the US
         | would have picked it up. Parkinson's is a huge target, and this
         | kind of thing makes a career. This is likely on the same level
         | as horse dewormer for COVID.
        
           | logicchains wrote:
           | >This is likely on the same level as horse dewormer for COVID
           | 
           | You mean something that's demonstrated to have a
           | statistically significant protective effect in a majority of
           | studies but was attacked mercilessly by the pharma industry
           | and the media they fund because they can't profit from a
           | generic drug like that? https://c19ivm.org/meta.html
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | Looks great .. dive in (talk to your local professional
             | epidemiologist) and it's a skewed collection of low N
             | studies mixed in with studies in regions with large
             | intestinal parasite issues.
             | 
             | Does horse dewormer do anything significant for large
             | populations in first world countries?
             | 
             | No. ( _Save for regions with a intestinal parasite problem_
             | )
             | 
             | Elsewhere it gets rid of a significant number of parasites,
             | making people healthier, and improving their chances WRT
             | everything else, the common cold, influenza, COVID, etc.
             | 
             | If you have worms, take a dewormer course.
             | 
             | If you don't .. it won't do diddly squat for COVID.
             | 
             | Statistics!! (Sometimes there's correlation but that ain't
             | always causal).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | linuxftw wrote:
               | Ivermectin is a protease inhibitor, among other possible
               | mechanisms. They developed Paxlovid to work in a similar
               | way, but it seems to be not effective whatsoever.
               | 
               | Then you have Remdisiv, which definitely killed 10's of
               | thousands of people, if not more. That's the real story
               | of COVID, at least in the US. The countless people that
               | were experimented on with one of the most dangerous drugs
               | to be invented in recent times.
        
               | sixQuarks wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | Fair point, it's also effective against a wider range of
               | parasites, head lice, eyelash mites, and skin conditions.
               | 
               | In the case of COVID in populations sans those conditions
               | .. not so much.
        
               | sixQuarks wrote:
               | In addition to head lice and eyelash mites, it might also
               | be useful to point out it is the only drug to win a Nobel
               | Prize for treatment of infectious diseases. Used by
               | BILLIONS of people. May I remind you that you referred to
               | this drug as a horse dewormer before you were called out.
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34466270/
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | Appeal to authority & false equivalence (apples &
               | oranges); just because it's won a nobel prize doesn't
               | mean it's a miracle cure against the 'rona.
               | 
               | I'm already dubious of the article you linked because the
               | title uses appeal to authority (nobel prize winning) and
               | emotional language (new global scourge).
               | 
               | I won't disagree that ivermectin improves life expectancy
               | in some of those studies, but it doesn't seem to be
               | effective in environments with less parasites.
               | 
               | Note also that it focuses on fatalities, not getting the
               | disease, curing it faster than its natural course, or
               | preventing it.
               | 
               | For a great meta-meta research, see
               | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/ivermectin-much-
               | more-t...
        
               | sixQuarks wrote:
               | I didn't even say anything about covid. I was refuting
               | that it should be referenced as horse dewormer. You seem
               | to have some major bias as well.
        
               | meepmorp wrote:
               | The fact that the only part of everything they said you
               | have any response for is the term they used to describe
               | the medication, and then used it to dismiss anything else
               | - that doesn't make you seem especially free of
               | irrational thinking yourself.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | Red herring fallacy, as a response to tone policing or
               | dictionary or whatnot.
        
               | meepmorp wrote:
               | not an argument and fallacy fallacy
        
           | okeuro49 wrote:
           | > This is likely on the same level as horse dewormer for
           | COVID.
           | 
           | That something sounds strange doesn't particularly lead me to
           | question the likelihood of efficacy.
           | 
           | The evidence on something's efficacy leads me to question
           | something's efficacy.
        
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