[HN Gopher] FDIC set to take First Republic Bank into receivership
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       FDIC set to take First Republic Bank into receivership
        
       Author : VagueMag
       Score  : 81 points
       Date   : 2023-04-28 20:40 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | chaostheory wrote:
       | Is there any credence to the six essential US banks rumor, or is
       | it just conspiracy?
        
         | CSMastermind wrote:
         | I'm unfamiliar, what's the rumor?
        
           | chaostheory wrote:
           | Only 6-8 essential banks will supposedly survive the coming
           | crash, helping pave the way for US / Fed CBDCs.
           | 
           | It sounds suspect to me, hence the question. I am also not a
           | finance expert
        
         | cypherpunks01 wrote:
         | Are you asking about GSIBs? Wondering whether they exist? It's
         | not clear what you're asking.
        
           | chaostheory wrote:
           | The rumor only applies to the US version
           | 
           | https://www.fdic.gov/resources/regulations/federal-
           | register-...
        
       | Xcelerate wrote:
       | So for FR customers, what does this mean? Is there a risk of
       | funds being inaccessible? I normally only keep enough in that
       | account to cover two months of expenses.
        
         | VagueMag wrote:
         | The FDIC generally likes to do this on Fridays so they can
         | reopen the bridge bank and everyone can access their funds on
         | Monday. If you're under the insurance limit you're almost
         | certainly fine.
        
           | zamnos wrote:
           | > If you're under the insurance limit you're almost certainly
           | fine.
           | 
           | If you're under the insurance limit of $250k per type of
           | account and _not_ fine, the whole world will find ourselves
           | with some _much_ larger problems to solve.
        
       | chrisbolt wrote:
       | From yesterday's Money Stuff about First Republic:
       | 
       | > Programming note: Money Stuff will be off tomorrow, back on
       | Monday.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | (The running joke here is that Levine taking a day off causes
         | news to happen. It happened a lot during the Musk Twitter
         | acquisition.)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | Levine needs to stop taking vacations. His vacations seem to
         | have caused Crytpocoins to crash, Twitter buyout problems, SIVB
         | failure and now First Republic Bank.
        
       | pearjuice wrote:
       | Another bank, another leeway for the FDIC insurance limit?
        
         | VagueMag wrote:
         | It's an interesting question in this case because last month a
         | consortium of banks made a big show of depositing $30B "
         | _uninsured_ " as a show of confidence, and it's not clear
         | whether it's still there.
        
           | tedunangst wrote:
           | I guess they just bought FRC's loan book at par.
        
           | zaroth wrote:
           | What do you mean it's not clear it's still there? It was
           | there when they had their earnings call 4 days ago.
        
             | VagueMag wrote:
             | 4 days is a long time in bank deposit land now!
        
         | justapassenger wrote:
         | Silicon Valley bank had sudden collapse. While I don't agree
         | with the decision of FDIC to make everyone whole, I understand
         | why.
         | 
         | First Republic Bank was collapsing for more than a month. If
         | anyone still kept uninsured money there, it's mostly on them.
        
           | justrealist wrote:
           | The whole point of the FDIC is that it's not good idea to
           | reward people for participating in a bank run.
        
             | jonathankoren wrote:
             | No. The people that _didn 't_ participate in a bank run are
             | the ones that get hurt. The whole point of depository
             | insurance is that people like you and me with less than
             | $250,000 in a single account shouldn't get screwed over
             | with billionaires like Peter Thiel decide to play games
             | with other people's money.
        
               | ChadNauseam wrote:
               | > The whole point of the FDIC is that it's not good idea
               | to reward people for participating in a bank run.
               | 
               | > No. The people that didn't participate in a bank run
               | are the ones that get hurt.
               | 
               | These are the same, right?
        
               | jonathankoren wrote:
               | No. Because the people that participated got their money
               | out leaving the people that didn't participate with
               | nothing in their accounts. This happens because of
               | fractional reserve banking.
               | 
               | Think about it. Assume we both have an account with $1
               | dollar in it, and the bank only has $1 on hand. Now I
               | create a run where I take my dollar out, but you don't
               | participate. I have my dollar, and now you have nothing
               | because the bank failed.
               | 
               | How are we the same?
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | > and the bank only has $1 on hand
               | 
               | Well, that's not the truth either. The bank is holding
               | onto 30Y mortgages / 30Y Treasuries that will be worth $2
               | in the year 2050, but is only worth $1.4 (fair market
               | value) right now.
               | 
               | This loan was good 2 years ago (ie: its fair-market value
               | was $2) in the year 2021. But the Fed rate-hikes have
               | caused the loan's value to collapse, and so here we are.
               | 
               | You withdraw $1, the bank doesn't want to sell the bonds
               | because it'd lock in the loss. The Fed provides a loan at
               | the full principle of the bond (so the Fed now backstops
               | the missing money). The Fed is now acting as the bank of
               | last resort, providing $2 of true dollars to backstop the
               | $1.4 (fair market value) of the bond, which will truly
               | become $2 by the year 2050. The Fed will exist that long
               | so everything should be kosher, in theory.
               | 
               | Or so goes the story one month ago. Why didn't this work?
               | Why is FRC still collapsing despite these loans from the
               | Fed?
               | 
               | ----------
               | 
               | Believe it or not, life is a bit more complicated than
               | just "fractional reserve banking". You're missing a huge
               | part of the story if that's all your mind is open to. I'm
               | not claiming to have all the answers, but I think it
               | would behoove you to at least try to understand the
               | current situation with a bit more nuance.
        
             | salawat wrote:
             | ...Actually, there is no disincentive built into the FDIC
             | for people to participate in bank runs. In fact, the entire
             | point of the FDIC was to insulate depositors from banks
             | doing stupid things with everyone's money.
             | 
             | Now that the Fed has bailed out the creme de la creme, I'd
             | like to see the argument employed when the FDIC hasn't got
             | the liquidity left to backstop every other depositor in
             | subsequent bank failures.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | They don't have to argue anymore, this isn't the era you
               | grew up in, that world is gone. A reporter who has a
               | question about it won't be selected to ask one.
               | 
               | Recent example of how fake it all is:
               | https://nypost.com/2023/04/26/biden-cheat-sheet-shows-he-
               | had...
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | > First Republic Bank was collapsing for more than a month.
           | If anyone still kept uninsured money there, it's mostly on
           | them.
           | 
           | The big banks deposited 30-billion dollars uninsured to try
           | to rescue FRC. Are you saying that you don't want big-banks
           | trying to rescue smaller banks anymore?
           | 
           | Moral hazards, all the way down. We like the deposit they
           | made, but they did so because FDIC seemed to offer assurances
           | to cover even uninsured deposits. We're back to SIVB
           | questions and just delayed by a month.
        
       | causality0 wrote:
       | Is there an easy way to keep an eye on the health of whatever
       | bank you use? I use a local credit union so it doesn't exactly
       | make headlines.
        
       | sgammon wrote:
       | ruh roh
        
       | sschueller wrote:
       | My fear is not these "small" banks failing. It's that everyone
       | runs to the top 3 large ones and they will get so huge that their
       | failure will be unthinkably bad. Even if they do not fail their
       | power to for example debank people would be a huge problem. Sadly
       | I don't see congress breaking them into small units or adding
       | stronger regulations.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _that everyone runs to the top 3 large ones and they will get
         | so huge that their failure will be unthinkably bad_
         | 
         | Outside BofA, their balance sheets are healthy. There isn't
         | serious speculation of contagion out of the regional banks. We
         | put in place regulations to prevent this after 2008. Numpties
         | rolled it back for "community banks" in 2017 [1], and that's
         | why we have this problem.
         | 
         | [1] https://apnews.com/article/banking-crisis-congress-
         | lobbying-...
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | Neither regulations or good capital and liquidity ratios
           | helped Credit Suisse. Banking is about trust, if people are
           | getting worried about you, it doesn't matter what your
           | financial statements say, you are done.
        
           | throwaway2203 wrote:
           | Is this related to the Dodd-Frank rollbacks?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _this related to the Dodd-Frank rollbacks_
             | 
             | Mostly. The other component is how we pretend HTM
             | Treasuries both hold their value _and_ are liquid. Europe
             | marks to market daily. I think you should get to choose:
             | mark at $1, but they don't count as liquid, or mark to
             | market and they contribute to your liquidity ratio. (The
             | rollback meant nobody was measuring liquidity. SVB would
             | have failed its LCR in March 2022.)
        
           | RC_ITR wrote:
           | >Outside BofA, their balance sheets are healthy.
           | 
           | Woah, let's not over-exaggerate in times like these. Bank of
           | America has about $110bn of unrealized losses on HTM
           | securities, but that is against $200bn of Tier-1 capital.
           | Comp that to SVB who had $16bn of unrealized losses against
           | about that much Tier-1 capital.
           | 
           | BoA has a _worse_ balance sheet that peers, but not an
           | unhealthy one.
        
             | cm2187 wrote:
             | A bank cannot afford to loose half of its capital base
             | without creating a panic. I'd rather not think what a
             | market scare on BoA would look like.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _BoA has a worse balance sheet that peers, but not an
             | unhealthy one_
             | 
             | Correct. The big banks' balance sheets are healthy. BofA's
             | isn't, but it's stress tested to prevent these problems.
        
           | peyton wrote:
           | Sounds like BofA has a problem too? Why are you blaming 2017
           | numpties?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Sounds like BofA has a problem too?_
             | 
             | They do! But it won't tank the bank. Because they've been
             | working on them for years. Because they're still under
             | Dodd-Frank's liquidity coverage rules.
             | 
             | > _Why are you blaming 2017 numpties?_
             | 
             | They rolled back the regulations that would have, if not
             | prevented this mess, caught it much sooner. BofA has
             | similar issues, but it's subjected to stress tests. As a
             | result, the risk has been managed in a way it wasn't at
             | these banks.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | > they will get so huge that their failure will be unthinkably
         | bad
         | 
         | That's already the state of the world. That's why they're
         | considered systemically important banks.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemically_important_financi...
        
           | KerrAvon wrote:
           | It's why Obama didn't put anyone in jail for this mess. He
           | should have. We'd be in much better shape.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _He should have. We 'd be in much better shape_
             | 
             | We'd be in better shape if we'd kept the rules we wrote
             | after 2008 to keep 2008 from happening again.
        
         | 0zemp2c wrote:
         | all of the banks have some Treasuries yielding next to nothing
         | 
         | all of the banks have DOA car loans (bigger than student loans
         | now?)
         | 
         | all of the banks have mortgages they underwrote for thirty
         | years at 3%...these may be a relative loss to Treasuries for a
         | generation
         | 
         | all of the banks financed now-empty commercial real estate
         | 
         | when I last checked, First Republic was #10 in % of holdings
         | not covered by FDIC, and plenty of big banks were ahead of them
         | 
         | First Republic may have sucked, but your bank does too
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | That's a long term issue, but the contraction of credit is my
         | shorter term concern. When deposits flow out of regional banks
         | into big banks, it limits the capacity of those regional banks
         | to fund themselves and forces them to cut lending (not the
         | least to not consume their liquidity).
         | 
         | On the other hand the big banks might receive more deposits but
         | they can't lend it either because they are constrained by
         | capital requirements, not funding.
         | 
         | So logically you should have a contraction of credit, which
         | combined with higher rates, is going to be ugly. Clearly the
         | markets aren't pricing that right now.
        
       | kyaghmour wrote:
       | Who's next?
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | https://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/2023/03/14/bank-s...
         | 
         | > One of the three major bond credit rating businesses on
         | Tuesday downgraded the U.S. banking system from a stable
         | outlook to negative and put six banks, including Comerica Bank,
         | under review for a potential downgrade following the second and
         | third-largest bank failures in U.S. history.
         | 
         | > Moody's also put under review for potential downgrade
         | California's First Republic Bank, Kansas' Intrust Financial
         | Corp., Missouri's UMB Financial Corp., Arizona's Western
         | Alliance Bancorp. and Utah's Zions Bancorp.
        
       | elecush wrote:
       | Does this fix the market? Or are we just putting out fires as
       | they crop up.
        
         | downvotetruth wrote:
         | fix the market? sir, this is a casino. $40 B market cap is
         | chump change in the quadrillions derivatives market
         | https://twitter.com/gaborgurbacs/status/1637522483476680710?...
        
           | collegeburner wrote:
           | thats like summing the value of all written insurance
           | policies, meaningless number
           | 
           | the figure is way lower netted out
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | kyaghmour wrote:
           | Warren Buffet on derivatives: "financial weapons of mass
           | destruction."
        
           | tootie wrote:
           | You can't compare a notional value to assets under
           | management.
        
             | downvotetruth wrote:
             | market cap is not assets under management
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Does this fix the market?_
         | 
         | On its own, no. The Fed has proposed a solid package of rules
         | that largely restore those rolled back in 2017 [1]. That is the
         | systemic solution.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-28/fed-
         | seeks...
        
         | Zetice wrote:
         | My layperson understanding is that this is a Bad Thing, but not
         | the surprising outcome SVB was. The market, other banks,
         | consumers, etc had a long window to digest this, so it won't
         | cause new panic the same way.
         | 
         | Considering all of the stops the fed pulled out to prevent
         | future bank liquidity failures, this probably means some gross
         | negligence was revealed by the market state that goes well
         | beyond even blatant risk mismanagement.
         | 
         | Or not, I'm not an expert!
        
       | ProfessorLayton wrote:
       | My question is: What now?
       | 
       | The feds are stuck trying to tame inflation, and the skyrocketing
       | interest rates are crumbling regional banks. Big banks are a lot
       | more hesitant to lend to small businesses, and many otherwise
       | viable businesses will fail if credit freezes.
       | 
       | Big banks are getting even bigger as depositors flee, and
       | concentrating risk (even more) imo.
       | 
       | I guess the higher interest rates are doing their job in slowing
       | the economy down, but it's wild that we're stuck with whatever
       | the feds do with their blunt toolset because congress is
       | seemingly dysfunctional.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > The feds are stuck trying to tame inflation [...] and many
         | otherwise viable businesses will fail if credit freezes.
         | 
         | That's what "taming inflation" means. It means cooling off the
         | economy, which means that businesses which would otherwise be
         | viable fail, reducing demand, reducing upward pressure on
         | prices.
         | 
         | To the extent that unexpected banking issues accelerate this,
         | within a fairly wide band, _from a monetary policy perspective_
         | that just means the Fed can back off the brake pedal a little
         | sooner.
        
         | 0zemp2c wrote:
         | what do you want Congress to do?
         | 
         | if they increase spending, you get more inflation, and then
         | they have to eventually pay higher rates on their own debt
         | 
         | if they cut spending, they can deflate the economy, and they
         | can't attract the tax revenues to pay their own debt
         | 
         | no good options in a society that has OD'd on debt since the
         | mid 90s
         | 
         | if we were honest, the President would go on TV and tell us we
         | are just going to be poorer for a while, which is something
         | most people already know anyway
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _if they cut spending, they can deflate the economy, and
           | they can 't attract the tax revenues to pay their own debt_
           | 
           | This is not a serious constraint on deficit reduction.
        
       | timwaagh wrote:
       | What i do not understand is that this happens while the bank
       | still has enough liquidity to cover 50% of deposits. At least
       | from what I understood. Seems like there will be quite a few
       | banks with less than this.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _this happens while the bank still has enough liquidity to
         | cover 50% of deposits_
         | 
         | American banking receivership is actually an effective system.
         | The point is to reorganise when things look, but aren't,
         | fucked.
        
           | 0zemp2c wrote:
           | interestingly, most of FRCs loans seemed to be residential
           | real estate to wealthy people
           | 
           | at crappy rates now (like most mortgages written in the last
           | few years), but these borrowers seem extremely unlikely to
           | default (and they can't refinance advantageously now so they
           | are kinda stuck paying FRC)
        
       | cypherpunks01 wrote:
       | Likelihood that uninsured deposits will be made whole? What
       | happened to the billions that larger banks "deposited" into FRB
       | just a few short weeks ago?
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | That's the interesting question, isn't it. Does the FDIC hose a
         | bunch of depositors by taking over a zombie bank that could
         | have ambled along for a while, or do they make everyone whole
         | and kill the (dumb) industry of sweeping deposits into <=$250k
         | accounts at many banks?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-04-28 23:02 UTC)