[HN Gopher] The Struggle to Make Lab-Grown Meat
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       The Struggle to Make Lab-Grown Meat
        
       Author : lxm
       Score  : 65 points
       Date   : 2023-04-27 01:56 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | 64operator wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | "Nothing humans are doing already is gross"
         | 
         | "Anything gross is not worth doing"
         | 
         | "Humans should not try to make staple goods cheaper to produce,
         | because millionaires"
         | 
         | - You, apparently?
        
           | 64operator wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
         | ihatepython wrote:
         | > Another question I've had for a while - is there any way to
         | combine lab-grown meat, cockroach milk, and vertical farming?
         | 
         | I think it makes more sense to use 'plankton' as a food source,
         | for making nutritious green wafers. They can be called 'Soylent
         | Green'.
         | 
         | This could also help to solve the over-population problem.
        
           | 64operator wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
       | bobsmith432 wrote:
       | What's worse for the environment
       | 
       | > Massive factories to make fake meat that tastes like nothing
       | 
       | > Some dead cow
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | Per pound of meat? That's easy: some dead cow, by far. _Much_
         | worse for the environment. Massive factories are the best ways
         | humans have found to be efficient and producing massive
         | quantities of things. Everything else is less efficient.
         | Inefficient means waste. Waste means bad for the environment.
         | 
         | Yes, we're bad at it still. Do you claim that humanity should
         | never undertake new efforts? If you don't claim that, then you
         | must accept that we're going to be worse at new things than
         | things we've been doing for 10,000 years. It will get better.
        
           | rebolek wrote:
           | Sorry, but you are wrong. Massive factories means a lot of
           | waste. Dead cow means a lot of usable stuff. Meat, bones,
           | skin, everything is usable. Even cow's waste can be used as a
           | fertilizer. Massive factory? That means massive amount of
           | mined ore and wasted energy. What does a cow need? Zero ore
           | and some grass.
        
         | RC_ITR wrote:
         | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/nov/25/chinas-2...
         | 
         | I think your underestimating the scale of animal agriculture.
        
           | bobsmith432 wrote:
           | Expected Chinese hellscape. If eating animals is so bad for
           | the environment shouldn't the Earth be a dry gray smoggy ball
           | at this point?
        
             | monetus wrote:
             | A lake of shit overflowing and poisoning the water table
             | won't make the skies foggy. Granted, I am talking about
             | rural things, that 26 story building probably has its own
             | unique issues.
        
               | bobsmith432 wrote:
               | Shit dude last I heard the water out of my sink was clean
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | >If eating animals is so bad for the environment shouldn't
             | the Earth be a dry gray smoggy ball at this point?
             | 
             | No. Things happen sequentially and compound. It's like
             | saying in 2005, "if Amazon is such an important company,
             | why isn't it _already_ worth $1tn. "
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Along the same lines, people here are underestimating the
           | scale of lab grown meat production. IIRC it'd have to be
           | something like 40,000 factories costing close to $2T to
           | build, and even then it would take decades to build them all.
           | And the meat would be very expensive.
        
         | urfullofsht wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | monkey_monkey wrote:
       | https://archive.is/OkKk4
        
       | rebolek wrote:
       | Nature already solved this problem.
        
       | iszomer wrote:
       | _You want to go to the Island._
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | narrator wrote:
       | Probably just like vertical farming, it uses vastly more energy
       | than traditional farming.
       | 
       | Maybe Elon would be interested in this tech for food production
       | on Mars where it might make more sense. If it requires a lot of
       | equipment maintenance, it might not even be good on Mars since
       | spare parts are hard to manufacture there.
        
         | esperent wrote:
         | > Probably just like vertical farming, it uses vastly more
         | energy than traditional farming.
         | 
         | That's an unfounded assumption - vertical _vegetable_ farming
         | uses more energy than traditional vegetable farming (with a
         | trade-off of less land).
         | 
         | However, farming animals also uses more energy than farmi9
         | vegetables. So it's possible that lab grown meat won't use more
         | energy than farm grown meat, and will come with enough other
         | benefits - less water and land use, less cruelty, less
         | antibiotics, less risk of cross transmission of disease - that
         | even if there is an increase in energy use, the trade-off will
         | be worth it.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | Farming animals doesn't use more energy than farming
           | vegetables. You use a truly staggering amount of
           | petrochemicals making fertiliser, spreading fertiliser,
           | cultivating fields, planting seeds, harvesting crops, and all
           | the rest of it.
           | 
           | Even if you grow silage crops specifically for feeding
           | livestock it's not nearly so much faff and you use a
           | relatively small amount of fertiliser and fuel.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | All of your problems with growing crops apply _more_ to
             | animals because most crops are grown to feed animals.
             | 
             | 77% of soy worldwide is grown just to feed animals, for
             | example. (7% is fed to humans)
             | 
             | I don't know how you square the facts with what you want to
             | believe on this issue, though I am curious.
        
             | MagnumOpus wrote:
             | It definitely uses more energy per calorie produced by a
             | factor of 3 to 10. (Otherwise meat and cheese would cost
             | roughly as much as rice or maize or bread or pasta.)
        
             | Pxtl wrote:
             | Food that eats food isn't ever going to be efficient.
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | Let me know when you figure out how to eat grass.
        
       | mvdl wrote:
       | "They come to snuff the rooster. You know he ain't gonna die" -
       | Alice in Chains
        
       | lm28469 wrote:
       | Seeing all these sterile rooms, inox pipings, reactors, tanks
       | make me feel weird. I'm vegetarian but I'd eat a local farm
       | animal over this if I had to chose.
       | 
       | edit: to clarify, food for me is equal to traditions, know-hows,
       | local, &c. not three dudes in hazmat suits populating a 60000
       | gallon tank of chicken soup. If you want cheap as fuck meat and
       | have the choice between modern animal farming and that then by
       | all means go for that. It just doesn't sit right with me.
       | 
       | It's so disconnected to everything I associate with good food,
       | there already are alternatives, as nutritious, getting cheaper by
       | the day, made from real thing we can grow with minimal post
       | processing.
        
         | Maken wrote:
         | Unlike, let's say, tofu with is crafted with love in factories
         | that look nothing like that.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2efPWpSKgVE&t=85s
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | All you need is soy beans, water and some acid... you can do
           | that at home with a pot a fork and an old tshirt, good luck
           | making chicken meat like that
        
             | Maken wrote:
             | Of course you can make your own chicken meat in your house,
             | with just a knife and a chicken. But this is about not
             | needing, you know, the chicken.
        
               | lm28469 wrote:
               | Yes you're making my point, you either need to abuse live
               | animals or make it in industrial scale factories.
               | 
               | Whereas alternatives can be made at home from raw
               | ingredients and minimum processing, today, cheaper than
               | meat, just as nutritious, without the need of anything
               | more technological than a stove
        
               | ecshafer wrote:
               | Slaughtering an animal for food isn't abuse.
        
               | cute_boi wrote:
               | It is an abuse. Animal abuse is rampant in the practice
               | of factory farming, and a visit to such facilities would
               | make it clear just how much these animals suffer.
               | Therefore, it is important for consumers to avoid being
               | misled by labels such as "happy cows" on meat products
               | and to be mindful of the ethical implications of their
               | choices.
        
               | bcassedy wrote:
               | Great grandparent comment said roughly "You can make
               | chicken meat at home with just a chicken and a knife."
               | While factory farming may be abusive, that is not what
               | this discussion thread is about.
        
               | tashoecraft wrote:
               | Sure, but we can't meet everyone's nutritional needs by
               | cooking raw ingredients at home. We need these solutions,
               | if you can afford alternatives then go for it. But we
               | should be promoting all solutions .
        
             | morsch wrote:
             | Are you saying you eat tofu made this way? Or are saying
             | you are eating commercially made tofu, but feel better
             | about it because the tofu could also be made in a rustic
             | manner?
        
           | horstmeyer wrote:
           | I really prefer such factories over the way a lot of tofu is
           | produced (by burning plastic):
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/14/world/asia/indonesia-
           | tofu...
        
         | pflenker wrote:
         | Lab Grown Meat has a marketing problem above all. The lab that
         | grows meat is not drastically different from the facilities
         | that produce modern milk, cheese or other products, but the
         | marketing of these respective products suggest that medieval
         | farmers are hand-milking happy cows to produce them.
         | 
         | This is due to the fact that at this stage, this meat is
         | academia-driven and not marketing-driven.
        
           | dpkirchner wrote:
           | And due in part to laws in many states prohibiting
           | photographing inside meat production facilities (the so-
           | called Ag-Gag laws.) I think a side by side comparison with
           | photos/videos would be highly favorable to the lab grown meat
           | folks.
        
         | mock-possum wrote:
         | It doesn't look like three dudes in hazmats suits once it's
         | sitting on the table in front of you.
         | 
         | It just looks like steak.
        
         | caycep wrote:
         | Agree...I have 2 thoughts re lab meat
         | 
         | 1) If you're going through so much time and expense to simulate
         | meat, why not just change your diet to something more akin to
         | "primary sources" - i.e. vegetables, or other food that is
         | better than meat in your desired criteria (land use, water use,
         | etc)? That is more naturally grown and more appealing?
         | 
         | 2) By the time you spend so much money/energy/biochemical
         | processes to simulate the real meat, is what you get just as
         | energy intensive/unhealthy as the original?
        
           | fnordpiglet wrote:
           | Probably because they enjoy eating meat?
           | 
           | I'm not sure I see what's more appealing about how animals
           | are raised and slaughtered and processed for consumption.
           | It's top to bottom an inhumane industrialized process replete
           | with torture, filth, antibiotics, radiation, disease, and
           | people in hazmat suits and steel vats (which strangely people
           | find disturbing). It's not like some sort of pastoral
           | children's story where sally the pig has a grand life and at
           | the end of it is gently, if undescribed way, becomes a
           | wonderful pork chop for family dinner.
           | 
           | I'd rather eat scientifically produced animal matter (SPAM)
           | because :
           | 
           | 1) I know the meat isn't capable of suffering
           | 
           | 2) I know the meat is grown in highly controlled
           | circumstances
           | 
           | 3) by having a centralized lab regulators can easily inspect
           | end to end food quality and handling
           | 
           | 4) by being sterile end to end I know when I get it I won't
           | contract salmonella, ecoli, trichinoses, etc
           | 
           | 5) if it made it through to my table the economics of the
           | market and all the "ewww science" and appeal to nature
           | fallacy hurdles means it'll taste really really good.
           | 
           | Im not arguing eating more vegetables isn't a good idea. But
           | that argument exists regardless of SPAM, and hasn't compelled
           | much of a change in diet. I'd rather not see animals born to
           | suffer than just shake carrots in peoples faces telling them
           | eat veggies and hope they listen.
        
         | cameronh90 wrote:
         | As another vegetarian, I'd much prefer to eat lab grown meat
         | than real meat for both ethical and environmental reasons.
         | 
         | Food I already eat is produced in factories, including things
         | like Quorn or Beyond Meat, and I don't find it off-putting
         | whatsoever. For health reasons, I try to ensure the majority of
         | my diet is home cooked plant-based whole foods, but that's only
         | because the current evidence is diets based on "ultra processed
         | food" are harmful. However, it doesn't seem to be at all clear
         | yet on what specifically makes processed food diets harmful in
         | aggregate, so I can't currently make an educated decision on
         | whether one type of processed food is healthier than another. I
         | just treat anything processed as junk food to be enjoyed
         | occasionally, and the same would be true for me if we had
         | viable lab grown meat.
         | 
         | By comparison, I find those occasional tiny maggots in farm-
         | grown strawberries much more off-putting, but strawberries
         | taste so good that I do my best to just focus on the free
         | protein.
        
           | TurkishPoptart wrote:
           | This is the first comment I've seen in this thread that would
           | actually buy/consume this product. As a meat eater, I am
           | incredibly opposed to this product.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | I'm pretty much a carnivore whenever given a choice. I find
             | the Impossible line of beef replacement perfectly edible
             | and usable in any dish where cooked ground beef would
             | otherwise work. (I don't think I'd enjoy it as mett, but
             | it's fine for anything else.)
             | 
             | Impossible's only problem for me is the price makes it
             | impossible for them to succeed in the market. Their product
             | tastes fine; it's not enough better than $3/lb ground beef
             | for people to pick it.
        
             | comex wrote:
             | I'm surprised by the amount of negativity. Personally I eat
             | meat but feel guilty about doing so because of animal
             | cruelty. If someone is actually able to produce lab-grown
             | meat that tastes the same and has the same nutritional
             | value, I'll switch in a heartbeat.
             | 
             | I don't care at all whether the food I eat is "natural". I
             | don't even care whether the ingredients are authentic, if
             | there isn't a health hazard; my reaction to the article's
             | mention of rodent DNA contamination is "who cares". So of
             | course I've tried plant-based meat alternatives, but found
             | that they don't taste right, while also being higher-
             | calorie. My layman's hope is that lab-grown meat will be
             | able to replicate the taste more accurately. I realize that
             | there's no guarantee it will, even if they do succeed at
             | producing something edible that's made of animal cells (but
             | has a very different structure). But it might.
        
         | earlyriser wrote:
         | I'm on the opposite side, I'm omnivorous and try to eat less
         | meat for ethical & environmental reasons and I really want lab
         | meat to become mainstream, for the obvious ethical reasons, but
         | also hoping that we could use less resources and especially
         | land and give it back to natural ecosystems.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | Have you tried home made seitan/tofu/tempeh/&c. ? Once you
           | master the thing it's not even a question of taste, cheap
           | meat becomes vomit inducing
        
             | earlyriser wrote:
             | No I haven't. Maybe I'll try. I'm happy with industrial
             | tofu tbh and never thought about homemaking.
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | So rather keep and kill animals than having a modern industrial
         | food production? Try looking into modern brewing, dairy
         | production, etc. That's just how it looks.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | No, more like instead of pushing the thing further and
           | further every day, scale down, go back to the basic, respect
           | nature, do sustainable things like we've been doing for
           | literal millions of years.
           | 
           | I don't want to live in a future in which all we have left is
           | your 6x6cm of Google chicken and your 2x6 Amazon bacon stripe
        
             | pflenker wrote:
             | "Going back to the basic" _also_ means a drastically
             | decreased life expectancy, dying of avoidable sicknesses
             | and generally a dull, short and miserable life. You can't
             | retain all the benefits of modern society and only "go
             | back" on all the drawbacks. But this is no either/or
             | situation, a future as you describe it is avoidable, and
             | lab-grown meat does not automatically lead to Google
             | Chicken or Amazon Bacon.
        
               | lm28469 wrote:
               | > "Going back to the basic" _also_ means a drastically
               | decreased life expectancy, dying of avoidable sicknesses
               | and generally a dull, short and miserable life.
               | 
               | By having a bit less of mass scale animal abusing
               | factories ? I fail to see the correlation
        
               | pflenker wrote:
               | Your original comment implied much more.
        
             | cjsawyer wrote:
             | Consider that without modern efficiency gains there would
             | be significantly fewer people alive today, and that you
             | might not be in the "extra" portion that we do have now. Is
             | that a fair trade off? If we dropped all further
             | advancements in the name of tradition I'd say that's
             | equivalent to giving up as a species.
        
             | cute_boi wrote:
             | What do "respect nature" mean? Nature is wild, brutal and
             | full of grey areas and it doesn't care what we do tbh.
        
             | d23 wrote:
             | It is not possible for us to "go back to the way things
             | were" at the scale at which we consume meat and animal
             | products today. Even if it were possible, I highly doubt it
             | would be any more sustainable or environmentally friendly,
             | and none of the arguments you're making seem consistent
             | with environmental vegetarianism.
        
             | horstmeyer wrote:
             | I can't believe in let's say 200 years from now humans will
             | still consume animals - if our species survives that is.
             | I'm sure this will be looked upon as very barbaric to breed
             | real animals and eat them.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | If we survive 200 years from now we will either not
               | really know what happened during this time because most
               | people will be illiterate or we will be growing food by
               | using the vast amounts of almost free energy we have
               | figured out how to produce. I don't really see any other
               | situations happening.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | Is it barbaric when coyotes kill and eat a deer (often
               | while still alive)? or when a lion eats an antelope?
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | No, because the argument only applies to animals with
               | moral faculties, and the luxury of choosing what to eat.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | Tade0 wrote:
             | > do sustainable things like we've been doing for literal
             | millions of years.
             | 
             | Problem is, there was never that many of us. Hell, for most
             | of human history there was less than 1/8 of us now.
             | 
             | The future is going to be somewhat cyberpunk because
             | generations before us already made some choices that we
             | have to live with now.
        
               | lm28469 wrote:
               | > Problem is, there was never that many of us.
               | 
               | Never has been as many obese people nor food waste. We
               | can and should eat less anyways
               | 
               | We're clearly not producing for sustenance, but for
               | profit
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | > Never has been as many obese people nor food waste. We
               | can and should eat less anyways
               | 
               | The food waste is because food's extremely cheap. The fix
               | is to make it expensive.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Hunger is not a production problem but a distribution
               | problem. It isn't profitable to sell things to people
               | with no money so rather than do that we discard it, turn
               | it into something else or whatever it takes to keep the
               | prices up in the producing countries. Do you have a fix
               | for capitalism and the profit motive? If not, obese
               | 'rich' people and starving 'poor' people is what we get.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | > We can and should eat less anyways
               | 
               | Yeah, but 20% less, not a quarter of what we do now,
               | because we obviously wouldn't survive on that.
        
         | freddie_mercury wrote:
         | What do you think, say, a milk or orange juice factory looks
         | like?
        
           | ihatepython wrote:
           | > What do you think, say, a milk or orange juice factory
           | looks like?
           | 
           | Something like this:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZuWvwrEl_I
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | The same, it doesn't mean I want more of it, nor that I agree
           | with the milk industry
        
         | KptMarchewa wrote:
         | >food for me is equal to traditions, know-hows, local
         | 
         | There's not much less things that I care about when talking
         | about food. I care about taste, texture, nutritional value,
         | availability of ingredients or ease of preparation. If some
         | Italian-Mexican-Japanese fusion scores better on that then I'll
         | very happily eat it too.
        
         | Gordonjcp wrote:
         | Anything you can make in a shed is going to be far far far less
         | resource intensive and therefore better for the environment
         | than something that takes a multi-billion-dollar factory.
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | This is untrue for the meat packing industry _today_. One cow
           | going into a modern slaughterhouse is more efficiently
           | processed then even the most meticulous native American
           | tribemember could ever have achieved.
           | 
           | Efficiency is all that matters if resource utilisation is
           | your metric.
        
             | Gordonjcp wrote:
             | Right, but even your hypothetical tribe member is going to
             | be many orders of magnitude more efficient than a billion
             | dollar factory trying to grow a postage-stamp-sized piece
             | of fake meat.
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | Are you counting the resources it takes to raise the
               | animal?
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | Yes, because they are literally just lying around on the
               | ground.
        
         | myshpa wrote:
         | What's so weird about sterile rooms and stainless steel tanks?
         | Do you think breweries (for example) are so much different?
         | 
         | Very weird thing to hear from someone who claims to be a
         | vegetarian.
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/search?q=brewery&tbm=isch
        
           | jbc1 wrote:
           | As someone who has given a lot of tours through a brewery and
           | wineries, a good amount of people are in fact disappointed by
           | the abundance of stainless steel tanks.
        
             | chihuahua wrote:
             | This is fascinating and bizarre. Any idea what those people
             | expect or would prefer to see? Ancient wooden tubs, and
             | people in quaint medieval costumes stomping grapes with
             | their bare feet?
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | Yes. Years ago I was involved with a controversy on
             | Wikipedia over Skyy Vodka. Skyy had dumped a PR piece into
             | Wikipedia, and that was flagged. So I did some cleanup. It
             | turned out that Skyy Vodka was just a marketing company.
             | Production was outsourced to Frank-Lin Distillers Products
             | in San Jose. Frank-Lin makes most of the low-end booze on
             | the West Coast. It's a big operation. Many stainless steel
             | tanks. Their own railroad siding, where tank cars of
             | industrial ethanol come in. The ethanol was from a company
             | called MGP Ingredients, formerly Midwest Grain Products,
             | formerly Midwest Solvents, in Illinois. MGP also supplied
             | ethanol for fuel use.
             | 
             | Frank-Lin takes industrial ethanol, city water, and
             | flavoring, and makes a large number of alcohol-based
             | products. They make over a thousand brands, but there are
             | only a hundred or so different recipes, they admit. Each
             | brand has its own label, and many have their own bottles. A
             | few years back, they moved to Fairfield, CA, to be next to
             | the bottle factory.
             | 
             | The Skyy Vodka article was updated accordingly. Skyy
             | marketing was not happy.
        
           | golemotron wrote:
           | > Very weird thing to hear from someone who claims to be a
           | vegetarian.
           | 
           | A lot of vegetarianism is cloaked aesthetics.
        
             | LoveMortuus wrote:
             | Not a vegetarian, but "cloaked aesthetics" sounds very
             | interesting, could you elaborate?
        
               | pookha wrote:
               | Seems like it's a cute way of saying that it's a material
               | and superficial way of life (like religious ceremony).
               | Which might be true for some people. I've been a
               | vegitarian since I was YOUTH CREW (lol) but I've kept
               | doing it for my own reasons. Most people have no idea...
               | 
               | What I notice though is that people get attached to their
               | diets and act offended when you don't eat something that
               | they consider to be some core part of their life
               | style(barbeque, steak, meaty burritos, sushi, vegan fake
               | meat). Some people can and do get butt-hurt when they
               | find out I don't eat meat and then want to play "gotcha"
               | reindeer games.
        
           | AtlasBarfed wrote:
           | They don't like "chemicals".
        
           | simmerup wrote:
           | What I find weird about lab grown meat is that it runs into
           | all sorts of problems like how the cells have a lack of
           | immune system so entire batches can be ruined by one errant
           | germ.
           | 
           | I think we're going backwards by trying to replace the
           | natural bio reactor of the body with steal and piping. It's
           | all too labour intensive. To make this work we'll need to
           | genetically engineer an animal that has only the parts we're
           | interested in. Including skin to replace the steel bio
           | reactors.
           | 
           | Cows due to generations of selective breeding are already
           | remarkably close to this.
        
             | morsch wrote:
             | The milk most people drink is proceeded in facilities that
             | look much the same, because whole batches of it are ruined
             | by a single germ, since it has no immune system either.
             | 
             | We also have to pasteurize it. Or we don't, and germs from
             | cows are hundreds of times more likely to make us sick,
             | despite generations of selective breeding.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > The milk most people drink is proceeded in facilities
               | that look much the same, because whole batches of it are
               | ruined by a single germ, since it has no immune system
               | either.
               | 
               | But you're not _growing_ milk in those facilities, only
               | _storing and processing_ it. That 's an important
               | distinction, because it means with milk it's totally fine
               | to deal with those "single germs" with long-understood
               | sterilization techniques.
               | 
               | If you try to sterilize your "lab grown meat" cultures to
               | deal with the germs, you're going to destroy your "meat"
               | too.
        
               | AstralStorm wrote:
               | Well, sterilizing the meat is the same as cooking it. The
               | problem is keeping it sterile while it's growing/brewing.
               | It can be done, as has been with breweries, but it is os
               | not an easy task.
        
               | simmerup wrote:
               | To make this analogy complete you'd have to compare
               | current milk production to some fictional milk that would
               | require far less human processing and facility
               | investment.
               | 
               | I understand you're saying the challenges lab grown meat
               | faces arent insurmountable, but short of some outside
               | influence (statutory interference?) I don't see how it
               | can compete with traditional cattle on the cost
               | perspective
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | Cattle production, especially large scale for more
               | efficient meat production (ie. chickens and pigs in very
               | small spaces) _is_ already somewhat outlawed.
        
               | simmerup wrote:
               | I could see it being further outlawed/discouraged as
               | climate change starts to bite
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | Yeah, me too. It wouldn't help much, of course, but it's
               | a popular way to do _something_.
               | 
               | At 380 ppm anything that doesn't either directly alter
               | reflectivity of the atmosphere or drastically lower CO2
               | in the atmosphere is just not going to work.
        
             | candiodari wrote:
             | No they're not. Cow milk, fresh from the udder spoils in
             | something like 16 _hours_. Most people cannot tolerate the
             | milk, even if you 're lactose tolerant, and it has various
             | hormones in it that if you drink it long term would, uh,
             | let's just say one would be able to notice the difference
             | in your body in the swimming pool, especially if you're
             | male.
             | 
             | To fix this it is processed in food factories that you can
             | describe as squeaky clean massive installations of ceramic
             | tiles and shining steel.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | How do you propose they fix the milk in processing? Are
               | you saying they are removing hormones from milk before
               | bottling? I need some data about all these things you are
               | claiming.
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | They burn them, breaking up any proteins that are "too
               | large" which includes a lot of stuff.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | They burn hormones? Where did you learn this?
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | When you heat proteins they become unstable. Long chains
               | become unstable first. So when you heat suddenly or not
               | that high long chains break, but proteins still remain
               | proteins, they just have a very high chance of losing
               | their function.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Where did you learn that they do this to destroy
               | hormones?
        
               | simmerup wrote:
               | Sorry, I'm comparing a cows body with its heart and skin
               | to keep out pathogens and immune system to protect it and
               | mouth to ingest nutrients, vs a steel bioreactor with
               | steel skin and piped nutrients and a clean
               | room/disinfectant for an immune system.
               | 
               | I'm not talking about cow milk
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | This comment is largely incorrect.
               | 
               | Raw milk is generally better tolerated than
               | homogenized/pasteurized milk. However, in the early
               | 1900s, as supply chains lengthened and the travel time
               | for largely un-refrigerated milk from cow to table
               | increased to days, we found that milk was a primary
               | source of food-borne infections. The _absolute_ risk was
               | still low, but the relative risk was high. Thus,
               | pasteurization became common and in most places,
               | mandatory.
               | 
               | People have drunk raw milk for millennia and have not
               | suffered from hormone-related effects..including people
               | on dairy-centric diets. If you're talking specifically
               | about rbGH, it's very easy to find milk free of it, which
               | I would recommend anyway - I'd hazard a guess that's more
               | common. It's disputed that it has any ill effects, but
               | I'm totally on board with not risking it.
               | 
               | Everything else aside, powerlifters aren't recommending
               | crazy diets like gallon-of-milk-a-day (GOMAD) and
               | bodybuilders aren't paying out the nose for human breast
               | milk because milk has estrogenizing effects.
        
             | culopatin wrote:
             | I don't understand your point. Are you saying you prefer we
             | continue torturing cows for our benefit because otherwise
             | we are putting too much effort?
        
               | simmerup wrote:
               | Preference doesn't come into it. My point is effectively
               | that I can't see how the current process will be scaled
               | up to be economical enough for widespread adoption.
        
             | at_a_remove wrote:
             | I recall a very old sci-fi story in which bored scientists
             | at a remote space outpost, well, some of them really missed
             | milk. So they decided to try to produce it. But then that
             | needed some kind of circulatory system to support the
             | udder, and that required a filtration system, and an
             | oxygenation system, and a way to get nutrition _into_ the
             | circulatory system ...
             | 
             | They ended up building a kind of exploded steel cow, all
             | pipes and vats and such. It seems we are heading in this
             | direction.
             | 
             | I have often wondered what it would be like to start with a
             | cow, then engineer it to be anencephalic, then start paring
             | away "features" or moving them around. Skip the legs, but
             | do have networks of heart-like cells providing a
             | contractile rhythm for the muscles, and so on.
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | I think that would be immoral because you would be
               | mutilating an already sentient, intelligent animal.
               | Better start bottom up.
        
               | at_a_remove wrote:
               | No, because anencephalic.
        
             | a_shovel wrote:
             | I recall another article on the subject that said lab meat
             | needed purified amino acids as food for the culture, and
             | that many amino acids just aren't sold in the necessary
             | quantities. A cow, on the other hand, needs only grass
             | because it has extensive equipment to generate those amino
             | acids from grass, called a digestive system.
        
               | akiselev wrote:
               | The amino acids are generally supplied as - I kid you not
               | - fetal bovine serum.
        
               | AstralStorm wrote:
               | There are ways to produce them by breaking down soy
               | protein or pea protein (plain old acid hydrolysis,
               | perhaps microwave enhanced - plus filtration; less
               | cleanly enzymatically too), but it's another expensive
               | step... And then you need to scale this process up.
        
           | ihatepython wrote:
           | > What's so weird about sterile rooms and stainless steel
           | tanks? Do you think breweries (for example) are so much
           | different?
           | 
           | I can brew my own beer in my own home.
           | 
           | Can I make lab-grown meat in my own home?
        
             | Hedepig wrote:
             | With the right equipment, if not now, soon you will be able
             | to.
        
             | freddie_mercury wrote:
             | You're moving the goal posts. The initial claim was that
             | stainless steel tanks per se were the issue.
        
               | smashed wrote:
               | They feel unnatural and unconventional and is something a
               | large part of the population will be unable to relate to.
               | Food is a very cultural thing.
               | 
               | We've also been educated to buy and prepare our own meals
               | from the most natural/unprocessed ingredients as possible
               | and avoid heavily industrialized/preprocess ingredients
               | for health reasons.
               | 
               | Lab grown meat is the opposite of both of that.
               | 
               | I am just playing Devil's advocate here. I understand the
               | appeal and potential environmental benefits as well.
        
               | Hedepig wrote:
               | While this technology is becoming mainstream, those of us
               | that are okay with it should understand there is
               | something fundamentally "icky" for some people. Which is
               | difficult to debate rationally.
               | 
               | This is partly the fault of Sci-fi, bio-engineering is
               | rarely shown as a positive in TV and Film.
               | 
               | This will be mostly solved with time, eventually it may
               | become economically unviable to buy "field meat" (not
               | sure what the term will be), and it will become a lot
               | more accepted when they see the people around them
               | enjoying it without severe consequences.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | I'd be extremely curious to see a lot of these people be
               | presented with the bioreactor and the live cow, and pick
               | which one they're going to eat.
               | 
               | "Icky" is ignorance.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | I wouldn't be so sure that most of the population could
               | relate to the horrors of factory farms and slaughter
               | houses--where basically all meat they're buying comes
               | from no matter how many alleged free roam grass fed
               | consumers claim to exist on social media.
               | 
               | That's why there are laws to keep them from seeing it.
               | Which might be why so many HNers think animals grow up in
               | sunshine and rainbows and it's the sterile lab that's
               | icky.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | > Very weird thing to hear from someone who claims to be a
           | vegetarian
           | 
           | I'm vegetarian for environmental reasons, not ethical.
           | Nothing wrong with eating a chicken or a pig who had a good
           | life on an open field for me
        
             | rmorey wrote:
             | Within rounding error, no chicken or pigs are raised this
             | way today
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | In your country.
        
               | rmorey wrote:
               | Sorry, good point - worldwide it's only ~90% that are
               | factory farmed
               | 
               | https://www.sentienceinstitute.org/global-animal-farming-
               | est...
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | > However, there is substantial uncertainty in these
               | figures
               | 
               | No kidding. They could start by using a single (and
               | known) definition for "factory farmed".
               | 
               | Unless you are in the business of refining that data,
               | this study is useless.
        
               | rmorey wrote:
               | it's not useless, it's just not that conclusive. Im
               | pretty confident in saying a significant majority of
               | animals raised for slaughter worldwide are done so in
               | conditions commonly described as "factory farms". We can
               | quibble about the definitions all we want, but this is
               | the dominant mode of raising animals for slaughter, that
               | is clear to me
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | > in conditions commonly described as "factory farms"
               | 
               | Except that this phrase doesn't mean anything.
        
               | rmorey wrote:
               | hope this helps:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive_animal_farming
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | There is no reason at all to believe that the dozens of
               | definitions that study used for "factory farm" fits the
               | few ones stated on that wikipedia link. And there is no
               | overwhelming problem that applies to all of the few
               | definitions on your wikipedia link either.
        
               | rmorey wrote:
               | You said the phrase was meaningless, I disagree
               | completely with that. We also disagree on the study, but
               | that's a much more reasonable disagreement.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | As your wikipedia link shows, people commonly describe as
               | "factory farm" anything from places where animals go
               | indoor in the winter all the way to places where the
               | animals have no space to move. Or places that create a
               | lot of sessile animals are placed. Or places where
               | animals are gathered to eat. Or places engineered to be
               | comfortable for animals that don't move a lot.
               | 
               | And that is only if you stay within the reasonable
               | people. Almost everybody with an impulsion to talk about
               | this subject uses unreasonable definitions. How is a
               | single name that applies to all that still meaningful?
        
               | cute_boi wrote:
               | In a capitalist world where a small number of individuals
               | possess significant wealth, the idea of free chicken is
               | nothing but a myth. For the majority of people, money is
               | the top priority and they will invariably choose it over
               | any other option.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | Free range chicken exist (or sometimes a slightly less
               | free version of this, let's not split hairs). Their meat
               | and eggs are more expensive. I don't know if they are
               | economically feasible large scale though.
        
               | cfn wrote:
               | They are feasible, lookup Joel Salatin for an example.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | Thanks, will do!
               | 
               | Because this is HN, where someone is sure to nitpick
               | and/or take my next statement to logical extremes, I must
               | be very careful about how I word this. I will regret it,
               | but here I go:
               | 
               | I like eating chicken. I know lots of tasty recipes. I
               | understand this involves killing the animal. Yes, I don't
               | do it myself, but I could if I wanted -- I'm not
               | squeamish. But factory chicken make me uneasy, it seems
               | well past the inhumane line, almost like an extermination
               | camp for chicken. I think free range chicken are happier,
               | for whatever degree of "happiness" their tiny bird brains
               | can understand. I like thinking that the chicken I eat
               | lived a happy if short life trampling on actual grass and
               | all that "breeze in their feathers" stuff. Yes, in the
               | end it still involves killing them, but I think it's way
               | better.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | Personally vegetarian for the same reason. Obviously I'd
               | encourage people to be vegetarian if they can, but
               | choosing options that avoid cruelty at personal expense
               | or inconvenience is laudable.
        
               | nuancebydefault wrote:
               | Indeed if they had a happy life where they did not need
               | to suppress their instincts too much (roaming, scratching
               | the ground, picking with their becks for tiny life in the
               | soil) and getting killed in an instance, why would you
               | feel bad about the killing&eating parts?
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | I don't have a good answer for how I feel about killing
               | and animals that were raised to have a good life. I get
               | away with not having an answer to this question and
               | defaulting to vegetarianism in two ways:
               | 
               | 1) If I avoid all meat I cannot be held ethically
               | accountable for it's provenance when, for example, a
               | company's marketing department lies to you or the FDA
               | does not sufficiently protect certain terms of art like
               | "free range" which imply a lack of cruelty that wouldn't
               | pass muster if I saw the treatment with my own eyes
               | 
               | 2) If I am vegetarian, I will support vegetarian options,
               | and I create support for companies and businesses that
               | are unambiguously dedicated to reducing cruelty/suffering
        
               | cfn wrote:
               | Killing a chicken is hard, I have done that many times
               | and I it never get easier. After all it is a living thing
               | and you feel it is distressed, angry and in fear. I know
               | people that are impervious to that but I am not and
               | understand why you would feel bad about eating animals.
        
               | rmorey wrote:
               | like ~1% of chickens in the US are raised this way, it's
               | extremly marginal:
               | https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/about-the-
               | industry/ch...
               | https://animalequality.org/blog/2022/10/14/factory-
               | farming-f...
               | 
               | essentially all animals raised for slaughter in the US
               | are factory farmed
        
             | floodle wrote:
             | This is an odd argument. I'd bet the environmental impact
             | of a battery farm chicken is less than a free-roaming
             | chicken, in terms of hectares of land use, feed (less
             | energy expended from movement), water use.
             | 
             | So if you are vegetarian for environmental reasons and had
             | to eat a chicken, you should go with the battery-farmed
             | one.
             | 
             | You would go with the (arguably mythical) happy chicken if
             | you were vegetarian for moral reasons.
        
               | cfn wrote:
               | Arguing that the impact of free roaming chickens is
               | higher than a battery farm tells me you haven't seen one
               | or the other. Roaming chicken have a positive impact in
               | the environment by spreading their manure over the land
               | (where does this negative impact for anything that moves
               | and eats comes from?) whereas chicken batteries stink for
               | miles and produce a huge amount of sludge that contains
               | heavy metals that is hard to process.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | I agree - chickens roaming around your yard or small farm
               | as free range, are a net positive for many reasons.
        
               | jabradoodle wrote:
               | It really isn't. They have ethical problems with factory
               | farming. They eat a specific diet to reduce environmental
               | impact. There is nothing contradictory in those
               | statements.
        
               | diffeomorphism wrote:
               | That seems very contradictory. Their specific diet
               | _increases_ their environmental impact: the opposite of
               | what they want.
        
               | fnordlord wrote:
               | My takeaway was that it would only increase the
               | environmental impact if their actual diet stays the same,
               | in other words they ate the same # of chickens but only
               | from free-range, local farms.
               | 
               | Given the same amount of money, I'm assuming they mean
               | buy less chicken (but from non-factory sources) and spend
               | the remainder on other foods with less environmental
               | impact.
        
               | jabradoodle wrote:
               | I don't think you read the OP comment. They said they are
               | vegetarian.
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | It's actually ecologically and ethically better to have
               | "barn" chickens, which live in massive steel sheds on
               | trays with roosting boxes and perches about 50cm high,
               | miles and miles of racking.
               | 
               | They're free to move about at least in their "bay" and
               | have the company of other hens that can wander about too.
               | Sure, they don't get the marketing feelgood "sun on their
               | backs and wind in their feathers", but they also don't
               | get raptors, foxes, or rats.
               | 
               | You can get rescue hens and they're just about savvy
               | enough to figure out - after you've lost one or two -
               | that predators are a thing, and you'll get an egg every
               | couple of days per hen. They'll eat all the bugs in your
               | garden (and most of the herbs, and the tops of your
               | carrots) and shit everywhere.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | lm28469 wrote:
               | If your moral compass is a boolean switch I guess.
               | 
               | > feed (less energy expended from movement)
               | 
               | Less muscles, more disease, worse health, lifespan of 4
               | weeks, &c.
        
             | stickfigure wrote:
             | > Nothing wrong with eating a chicken or a pig who had a
             | good life on an open field for me
             | 
             | Why vegetarian then? It's easy enough to buy meat that was
             | raised on a local farm. Get a chest freezer, reach out to a
             | local 4H club, and buy the whole animal. They'll butcher
             | and vac-seal it for you. You could buy some kid's
             | highschool project.
             | 
             | I live an hour from SF and I get much of my meat this way.
             | It's surprisingly inexpensive. There are agricultural
             | communities close enough to every urban environment to make
             | it worth the drive.
        
           | fisherjeff wrote:
           | Other industrially processed foods don't live in the uncanny
           | valley of meat. I know garden burgers and the like are
           | produced in basically a lab but I still enjoy them.
           | Impossible burgers and Tofurky skeeve me out.
           | 
           | Not a vegetarian FWIW.
        
         | justinpombrio wrote:
         | The farm might be local, but the slaughtering these days is
         | usually done in large efficient slaughterhouses, right?
         | 
         | Those are also full of stainless steel machinery:
         | https://sc01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1HETwX5LrK1Rjy1zdq6ynnpXax/225...
        
         | luxuryballs wrote:
         | I fully agree and, despite other remarks here about milk and
         | juice and beer, it's unnerving precisely because of the context
         | of producing flesh.
        
         | mattgeo_j wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | hammyhavoc wrote:
         | You're conflating vegetarianism with veganism. You being a
         | vegetarian is largely irrelevant because being a vegetarian
         | isn't a vegan, and veganism is focused on ethics, which is
         | something commenters who are neither vegetarians nor vegans are
         | likely to understand the nuance of.
         | 
         | You'd probably never drink coffee or beer again if you saw how
         | it was made. Come to think of it, you'd probably never eat any
         | kind of processed food if hygiene is unacceptable.
        
           | indigodaddy wrote:
           | He didn't conflate anything. He said "I'm vegetarian." You
           | are the one who is making ethical assumptions on his behalf.
           | He can state he is a vegetarian and then state another
           | opinion without an arrogant and condescending vegan looking
           | down on him from up high.
        
             | hammyhavoc wrote:
             | Uh, he goes on to say in another comment that he is a
             | vegetarian for environmental reasons, not ethical ones, and
             | there's apparently nothing wrong with eating an animal.
             | 
             | If a vegan had said it, it might have been interesting as a
             | talking point, but a vegetarian who sees no problem with
             | eating animals said it. The two are nothing alike. He is
             | LARPing vegetarianism.
             | 
             | What condescension? I am not a vegan. You are projecting a
             | lot of insecurities onto a complete stranger whilst making
             | a very big assumption, and this speaks volumes about you.
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | As a meat-eater I agree with you in spirit, though imho
               | that doesn't invalidate what the original poster said.
               | 
               | "I don't eat meat for environmental reasons, but would
               | prefer traditional farm-animal-meat to this" is a valid
               | opinion. It is also easy to confuse with "I don't eat any
               | animal products for ethical reasons, but still find
               | eating real meat better than this", which would be much
               | more surprising and interesting, but is not something
               | expressed here. It's important to note the difference,
               | though let's avoid judgements to avoid descending in a
               | flamewar
        
               | indigodaddy wrote:
               | He said nothing about vegans. He is only talking about
               | himself. You are making assumptions about what point you
               | think he is trying to make, and/or belittling his own
               | personal ethical stance on things, just because he is
               | vegetarian. What you are doing is wrong.
               | 
               | But you are correct that I'm projecting a bit. This is
               | because as a vegetarian, I've seen so much vegan
               | arrogance, condescension, and outright aggression toward
               | vegetarians that I am indeed particularly sensitive to
               | it. So if I see it I call it out. In my experience, an
               | average vegan has more hostility toward a lifelong
               | vegetarian than they have toward a lifelong meat-eater
               | (granted that most vegans hold no hostility at all-- so
               | this would be a smaller subset of vegans that do hold
               | hostility-- a great many can be seen on any random
               | Facebook vegan group).
        
           | dheera wrote:
           | I think you're making a lot of assumptions here. If you
           | believe ethics drives you to be vegan, that's respectable,
           | you do you, but it's not the only way to act on ethics.
           | 
           | There are many, many reasons to be ethically-motivated but
           | not go all the way to 100% veganism. Some of them include:
           | 
           | * Having beliefs that are more socially compatible and being
           | able to attend a wide spectrum of social events and enjoy
           | them with others allows one to exert greater influence on
           | others (especially if you believe that e.g. 10 people
           | reducing meat intake by 25% is better than 1 person reducing
           | by 100%). There's a good chance that hard vegans don't get
           | invited to a lot of things, and are effectively locked out of
           | a lot of opportunities to exert influence.
           | 
           | * If you are pragmatic and believe the world is highly
           | unlikely to stop eating meat altogether but can reduce meat
           | intake to a point where peoples' appetites are satisfied but
           | factory farming isn't necessary
           | 
           | * If your ethical reasons are largely carbon-motivated, in
           | which case going 90% vegan (time-wise OR portion-wise) is
           | scientifically, mathematically, close enough to 100% that
           | environmental concerns become a non-issue
           | 
           | * If your body's physiology cannot cope with a vegan diet but
           | can cope with a 90% vegan diet
           | 
           | There are lots of other reasons, and while veganism is
           | respectable, I disagree that black-and-white thinking is the
           | only way to approach ethics.
        
             | hammyhavoc wrote:
             | I don't disagree with some of the points raised, however
             | the point still remains: his vegetarianism is largely
             | irrelevant to the conversation at hand.
             | 
             | It's no more relevant than someone who designs PC cases
             | chiming in on chip architecture whilst leaning on the fact
             | they have something to do with computers in an abstract
             | way, somehow giving their opinion credence.
             | 
             | It's a misdirection to prop up this idea that lab-grown
             | meat is wrong because it's unnatural and they're a
             | vegetarian. Well, cancer treatments are unnatural, sterile
             | and hygienic hospitals too, as are most things in life. Is
             | the world better off for medical progress even though
             | Christian Scientists et al who hold no real medical
             | qualifications disagree? Yup.
             | 
             | This puritanical angle is bizarre, and doesn't make the
             | point he thinks it does, whilst giving others who aren't
             | vegans or vegetarians a pithy soundbite of "this vegetarian
             | wouldn't even eat this shit", which once it's been repeated
             | a few times, very quickly becomes "vegan".
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | Tbh this derailment is why we shouldn't put a whole lot of
             | focus on the "As a black man..." of someone's post and
             | focus on the content.
             | 
             | There's a subreddit that even makes fun of the "As an X, I
             | dislike Thing Y that I'm supposed to like, now upvote me
             | fellow Thing Y haters!" device.
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/AsABlackMan/
        
       | tivert wrote:
       | The whole "lab-grown meat" thing always seemed like nonsense to
       | me, at least techniques using cell cultures. Life is a no-rules
       | arms race, which is why immune systems are a basic requirement,
       | not an unnecessary luxury. Trying to build an organism out of
       | tubes and pipes with industrial techniques seems utterly foolish
       | to create such a low value/mass quantity product as food.
       | 
       | IMHO, any kind of successful and practical "lab grown meat" would
       | probably look like some kind of engineered "minimal viable
       | animal" (e.g. a chicken without the brain, and maybe missing a
       | _few_ other things, but recognizable as an animal with
       | functioning organ systems).
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tomjakubowski wrote:
         | Biology gives us many alternatives to the immune system, which
         | is found only in vertebrates.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system#Beyond_ve...
        
         | AstralStorm wrote:
         | MeatBeast (TM) from Imperium Galactica. Way better than
         | engineered fungus that predated it. :)
        
         | Metacelsus wrote:
         | Like this: https://asteriskmag.com/issues/1/they-may-as-well-
         | grow-on-tr...
        
           | bobwaycott wrote:
           | Wow. That chicken may be one of the most horrifying
           | illustrations I've seen in a while.
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | >(e.g. a chicken without the brain, and maybe missing a few
         | other things, but recognizable as an animal with functioning
         | organ systems).
         | 
         | Or a tumor
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | We already use several processes that are similar to lab grown
         | meat. Ie beer and cheese are a bunch of cells dumped into a
         | growth medium. Hell bread rises because of yeasts in a growth
         | medium.
         | 
         | So the "minimal organism" here is probably some kind of fast
         | growing meat cell in a relatively sterile environment, alcohol
         | production optional.
        
           | tivert wrote:
           | > We already use several processes that are similar to lab
           | grown meat. Ie beer and cheese are a bunch of cells dumped
           | into a growth medium. Hell bread rises because of yeasts in a
           | growth medium.
           | 
           | "Similar" is not the same. In _all_ those cases you cite, you
           | 're using _non-animal cells_ that are very close to wild to
           | _modify_ existing food in relatively minor ways.
           | 
           | If "meat" was bacterial sludge or yeast blocks, it would be a
           | lot more practical to grow in a lab, but it's not. Meat is
           | things like chicken muscle cells, which are not evolved to
           | grow outside the support of a complex organism.
        
             | v8xi wrote:
             | If your definition of food extends to everything, then yes.
             | In all of these products (and lab grown meat) you take low-
             | value starter materials and make them food through
             | microbial processes. Without yeast we wouldn't really be
             | eating wheat to the same extent as we do (except unleavened
             | bread...)
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > In all of these products (and lab grown meat) you take
               | low-value starter materials and make them food through
               | microbial processes.
               | 
               | You are missing the key point. _Not all "microbial
               | processes" are the same: they can have massively
               | different characteristics._ Lab grown meat 1) uses
               | exceedingly fragile microbes and 2) makes extensive
               | modifications to the food (complete transformation).
               | Making beer 3) uses much more robust microbes and 4)
               | makes less extensive modifications to the food (i.e.
               | metabolize a fraction of the carbs into a microbially-
               | toxic substance called alcohol).
               | 
               | If your understanding can't make these significant
               | distinctions, it's too fuzzy to be very good.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | The assumption that these cells cannot be hardy assumes a
               | great deal about this process. It's lab grown meat not
               | just lab grown beef.
               | 
               | From the perspective of human health we can use non
               | mammalian cells for meat such as fish, reptile, or even
               | invertebrates. That greatly changed the risks from things
               | like viral or bacterial infection.
               | 
               | There's a massive tradeoff in terms of the need for an
               | immune system vs antibiotics vs near perfect
               | sterilization. Avoiding contamination is extremely
               | difficult but _if possible_ solves many problems.
        
           | JackFr wrote:
           | I don't think so. With respect to beer, bread and cheese, we
           | mainly eat the growth medium, and only the organism
           | incidentally.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | My point was more that these growth mediums don't result in
             | harmful bacteria like salmonella.
             | 
             | Also, Beer is more about eating the byproduct used by these
             | cells to minimize competition. Cheeses have more variety
             | with some using use aromatic molds or bacterial enzymes,
             | but others just use Rennet.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | It's more that, since you need blood, muscle tissue, and fat,
           | (and probably more stuff) you need something to support their
           | growth, you can't just create an homogeneous mass.
           | 
           | The GP is quite unimaginative to think you would need an
           | entire animal for supporting those, but "some kind of fast
           | growing meat cell" is wrong too.
        
             | tivert wrote:
             | > The GP is quite unimaginative to think you would need an
             | entire animal for supporting those, but "some kind of fast
             | growing meat cell" is wrong too.
             | 
             | What you described is actually pretty close to what I had
             | in mind. I think you'd need something close to an "entire
             | animal," since animals don't typically have lots of extra
             | organs and systems they don't actually need.
             | 
             | If you start with muscle tissue and "add back in" all the
             | stuff you'd need to grow it as a passive lump that just
             | gets fed, I think you'd come pretty close to an entire
             | animal: heart, lungs, and circulatory system; bones and
             | bone marrow; kidneys; a digestive system and liver (because
             | do you really want to feed it exotic growth factors); a
             | rump of a nervous system; etc.
        
       | 64operator wrote:
       | It's also tough because nobody really wants this. I've asked
       | around and none of the vegans, vegetarians, or meat eaters I know
       | are even vaguely interested in this. Reactions range from "huh"
       | to "I'll never eat fake meat." I wont eat it either, it's
       | dehumanizing.
        
         | gnicholas wrote:
         | Interesting, I definitely know people who are looking forward
         | to this. Some would be willing to pay a price premium for it,
         | and others would wait until it is the same price or lower than
         | regular meat.
        
         | gamerDude wrote:
         | To add the other side. Every single one of my friends are
         | excited for lab grown meat. The potential for a cleaner and
         | more ethical meat plus the potential for new and
         | better/different tasting meat is a plus for everyone in my
         | circle.
        
           | 64operator wrote:
           | The energy inputs alone preclude any thought of it being
           | ethical.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | What are the energy inputs and how do they compare with
             | meat?
        
               | 64operator wrote:
               | What aren't they, really? That's what I'd like to know.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | Meat is resource intensive and certainly more resource
               | intensive than eating vegetables directly. Meat is so
               | inefficient that we grow most of our crops to feed meat,
               | for example.
               | 
               | Why is this difference presumably not an ethical concern
               | for you, but it is with lab-grown meat?
               | 
               | Differentiating on energy intensiveness sounds like an
               | empirical claim, so I'm going to ask about the empirics.
        
               | 64operator wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | You can't eat grass, and most ungulates can. If you're
               | concerned about your personal footprint, it's not hard
               | (in the US) to buy locally-raised, small-farm grass-fed
               | beef.
        
               | 64operator wrote:
               | All beef is, by default, grass fed for the vast bulk of
               | the animal's life. Some animals like sheep can't even eat
               | grains and will bloat, so the energy and ecological
               | footprint is basically zero.
               | 
               | The problem of humiliation remains, however, even if
               | grain finishing were somehow to be banned. And the Indian
               | tech bros sliding in their Hindu / Jain / Sikh agendas
               | wouldn't achieve any progress in their mission to
               | transform the West.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | urfullofsht wrote:
             | [dead]
        
         | spcebar wrote:
         | If it ever actually comes to market there will be a huge
         | marketing push to make it seem like or better than normal meat,
         | and to reframe or make people not think about how the product
         | is made. There's lots of things that are pretty gross when you
         | think about them, but have been marketed and made palatable. I
         | think they'll be able to create people who want the product by
         | reframing what the product is, once they /have/ a product.
         | 
         | It's not 'lab grown meat', it's 'cruelty free meat' or 'eco
         | steak.'
        
           | allemagne wrote:
           | Every politician from the midwest, every meat industry
           | lobbyist, and every livestock farmer will make damn sure that
           | won't happen without a fight.
        
             | 64operator wrote:
             | Also the vast majority of the public, who eat meat. I would
             | sacrifice your right to free speech before I sacrificed my
             | ability to eat meat.
        
         | cute_boi wrote:
         | Many people overlook the implications of choices. I realized
         | this when I purchased the Just Eggs. I don't purchase 1 or 2
         | bottle per months, but it is good to have.
        
         | luxuryballs wrote:
         | yeah it might be prime time to start a flank of church that
         | includes eating real meat from free range beef cattle, no
         | sarcasm, puns intended... plus imagine if we actually let the
         | real cattle dwindle enough to the point where commercial or
         | infrastructure failure would leave us with a sudden large gap
         | in available meat, seems like sustainable local farming is the
         | only wise solution, not more factory farms with even less cows
        
           | 64operator wrote:
           | Can a modern military about to enter WWIII susbsist on root
           | marm? Let's find out.
        
         | lkbm wrote:
         | I want this. I'll eat it. I'd be willing to pay some amount
         | more than the current cost of regular meat (including the
         | pricier more ethically-raised meat).
         | 
         | Yahoo reports about a quarter of vegans say they would eat
         | it.[0] MSU survey found that 35% of people overall would eat
         | cultured meat[1], including a _majority_ of people aged
         | 18-40)[2].
         | 
         | It's not the majority of the population, but it's certainly not
         | 0%, and certainly appears to be well into double-digit
         | percentages.
         | 
         | People are price-sensitive, so if it costs more than regular
         | meat it will have a tough time gaining significant marketshare,
         | but there's very clearly a sizable portion of the population
         | who _do_ want this, anecdotal surveys of your friends
         | notwithstanding.
         | 
         | [0] https://news.yahoo.com/most-vegans-support-lab-
         | grown-1208550...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/michigan-state-university-
         | poll...
         | 
         | [2] https://theconversation.com/would-you-eat-meat-from-a-lab-
         | co...
        
         | yamtaddle wrote:
         | I'm an occasional-meat kinda eater, and yeah, I'll just go all-
         | veggie (with eggs and milk--you can pry those from my cold,
         | dead fingers, I'll farm my own if that's the only way to get
         | it) before eating this stuff. If I want to fill gaps in
         | nutrition with shit from a lab, I can just start taking
         | vitamins. I dunno, maybe if it were super-cheap--well under the
         | cost of farmed meat, like, 20% the price--I might use it some
         | just because hey, cheap protein, but otherwise, no.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Same here, I don't get why people are craving this but I accept
         | that they do. And it's much better ethically than the current
         | raise, abuse and slaughter process. Let's just hope it's also
         | better environmentally.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rcar1046 wrote:
         | I'll add to your anecdotal evidence by saying I am a vegetarian
         | and I am interested in this. So somebody does really want this,
         | just not people "around" you.
        
         | dokem wrote:
         | Yea, I'll give up real meat when the elites do.
        
           | mcdonje wrote:
           | If you had to pay the actual cost of it instead of the
           | subsidized cost, you'd probably eat a lot less of it.
        
             | 64operator wrote:
             | Couldn't you say this about nearly everything? Energy green
             | or non, non-meat foodstuffs, medicines, education, mail?
             | Let's cut all subsidies across the board.
        
               | cute_boi wrote:
               | Well, In these cases, I think Elites will win and there
               | will be more poor people.
        
               | 64operator wrote:
               | With WWIII coming the poor people problem has been
               | solved.
        
           | 64operator wrote:
           | It's the same with minimizing my carbon footprint. As soon as
           | Al Gore and Bill Gates stop flying I'm all in.
        
       | mcbits wrote:
       | I'd think something like "lab-grown maple syrup" would be easier
       | both to sell and (knowing nothing about how it would be produced)
       | to produce. I love real maple syrup but can't justify paying $15
       | for a little vial of it. A 10-story building filled with layer
       | upon layer of sap seeping from living wood cells is less
       | disturbing of a vision than layers of pulsating flesh.
        
         | ethanbond wrote:
         | But the upside, financially and environmentally, is not nearly
         | as substantial.
        
           | stasmo wrote:
           | Good point. Environmentally it would probably be net negative
           | to stop using trees and move the production to a lab that
           | consumes electricity.
        
             | mcbits wrote:
             | We can keep using trees, but this particular use of trees
             | is already energy-intensive, materially intensive
             | (thousands of miles of plastic tubes), sensitive to the
             | weather each year, and geographically limited.
        
       | bioemerl wrote:
       | I've been watching a YouTuber try to create animal cells in a
       | pitri dish and it just gave me such an appreciation for how
       | amazing multicellular life is. And just how mean our immune
       | systems are.
       | 
       | You have to go through so much trouble to keep things totally
       | sterile. Control the oxygen contact of the medium. Maintain these
       | crazy exact temperatures, all for a thin smear of cells that
       | couldn't do anything functional at all.
       | 
       | And here we are, millions of these helpless cells, ruining around
       | ruling the would.
       | 
       | To the world of life we are these supermassive towering beings
       | that are ecosystems to their own that emerged from the birthplace
       | of life eons ago and cover the planet.
       | 
       | The universe is such a strange and wonderous place, and yet we're
       | some of the most wonderous things in it.
        
         | mptest wrote:
         | Beautiful thought friend. May I ask what the youtube channel
         | is? Sounds fascinating
        
           | bioemerl wrote:
           | "The thought emporium"
           | 
           | Dudes nuts. Engineered/Infected himself with a virus that
           | changed his intestines to make them produce lactose for a few
           | months. Is working up to build a bunch of neurons trained to
           | perform a task.
        
           | mkaic wrote:
           | Not GP but I wonder if maybe they're referring to The Thought
           | Emporium[0]?
           | 
           | [0]https://www.youtube.com/@thethoughtemporium
        
       | benzible wrote:
       | Also see https://thecounter.org/lab-grown-cultivated-meat-cost-
       | at-sca...
       | 
       | > Humbird likened the process of researching the report to
       | encountering an impenetrable "Wall of No"--his term for the
       | barriers in thermodynamics, cell metabolism, bioreactor design,
       | ingredient costs, facility construction, and other factors that
       | will need to be overcome before cultivated protein can be
       | produced cheaply enough to displace traditional meat.
       | 
       | > "And it's a fractal no," he told me. "You see the big no, but
       | every big no is made up of a hundred little nos."
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | I like that phrase: the Wall of No. And the fact that it's no's
         | all the way down.
        
       | softwaredoug wrote:
       | Would it be easier to breed some kind of brainless chicken with
       | just the right organs and whatnot to sustain tissue growth?
       | 
       | Sounds gruesome, but maybe more realistic than lab grown meat?
        
         | etrautmann wrote:
         | I seem to remember that this was done for producing eggs, and
         | consumers were horrified?
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | > _In a 2019 incident, an analysis of a line of cultivated
       | chicken revealed that it had been contaminated with a small
       | amount of rodent DNA, former employees said, which Upside
       | executives confirmed for this story.
       | 
       | Ms. Chen said the DNA stemmed from a common medical-research
       | technique that used treated rodent cells to help support the meat
       | cells' growth early in the cultivation process. The company
       | immediately stopped using that technique, she said._
       | 
       | Can someone explain what this "common medical-research technique"
       | would be? I'm having a hard time understanding how this is passed
       | off as "contamination" when it sounds like the rodent cells were
       | deliberately put in contact with the food being created.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | Ms. Chen is likely referring to the use of feeder cells or
         | feeder layers, which are often used in cell culture to support
         | the growth and differentiation of the target cells. Feeder
         | cells are typically derived from rodents like mice or rats and
         | provide essential growth factors, cell-to-cell signaling, and a
         | supportive environment for the target cells.
         | 
         | In the case mentioned, rodent feeder cells were likely used to
         | support the growth of chicken cells during the early stages of
         | the cultivation process. The contamination with rodent DNA
         | could have occurred due to the close proximity of the rodent
         | feeder cells to the chicken cells being cultured.
         | 
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25659081/
         | 
         | That said, having some rodent dna isn't the same thing as
         | eating rodents or allowing rodents to roll around in the meat
         | or whatever. As long as it's fit for human consumption, and
         | you're down with eating scientifically produced animal matter
         | (SPAM), I don't see an issue tbh.
        
       | DantesKite wrote:
       | I've always wanted lab-grown meat.
       | 
       | Not the kind that looks like sludge, but the kind that would be
       | indistinguishable from a beef patty you buy at the store, not
       | least because it would be a more efficient way of producing food
       | at scale.
       | 
       | But also because some of that technology would also eventually be
       | applied to the creation of human organs.
       | 
       | And I'd like to live in a world where the waiting list for an
       | organ transplant is just a few hours for everybody.
        
         | pcthrowaway wrote:
         | > But also because some of that technology would also
         | eventually be applied to the creation of human organs.
         | 
         | I'm not sure that this is true.
         | 
         | I mean, it might be in the sense that the technology for
         | cultivating yeast could be applied to human organs.
         | 
         | But to my knowledge there's not much going on in lab-grown meat
         | that could be applied to producing functioning organ tissue,
         | let alone building the full organ in all its parts and making
         | it compatible with the host.
        
           | fnordpiglet wrote:
           | That's not true. A lot of it is applicable, and a lot of lab
           | grown meat comes from lab grown organ growing (an active area
           | of research). From the process of initiating stem cell
           | differentiation and growth to the creation of the scaffolding
           | matrices, the difference between growing lab meat and
           | growing, say, a heart, isn't wildly divergent. The heart has
           | more precision in its structure and function, but the
           | material and processes are very similar. Other organs are
           | more complex for certain. I'd note that people with injuries
           | or burns also benefit from being able to grow muscles (aka
           | meat) as well as skin.
        
       | dekhn wrote:
       | I'd rather be vegetarian than eat lab grown meat.
        
         | ihatepython wrote:
         | I'd rather be a cannibal than eat lab grown meat.
        
       | Pxtl wrote:
       | > They expect hybrid products, often made with animal cells and
       | other ingredients such as plant-based protein, to have a quicker,
       | less costly path to market.
       | 
       | This is what I've always expected. Synthetic meat slurry added to
       | conventional fakemeat vegetarian products, basically taking
       | Impossible Burger's "synthetic heme" concept to the next level.
       | 
       | > Upside said in 2021 that it found a way to produce some meat
       | without using animal components. But its first chicken filets
       | won't be made with that process, the company said, noting that it
       | intends to phase out the use of animal components.
       | 
       | Wait, what does this mean? Like, the process needs constant
       | refreshing with new animal meat? So it's not really cruelty-free?
       | 
       | > "If alternative proteins are not successful, the Paris climate
       | agreement goals are probably impossible" to meet, said Bruce
       | Friedrich, president of the Good Food Institute, a nonprofit that
       | advocates for alternative proteins. Beef and dairy cattle, along
       | with other farm animals, are a major source of methane, a
       | greenhouse gas.
       | 
       | This isn't super relevant to the conversation here since there
       | are very many alternative proteins that _don 't_ require
       | inventing synthetic meat.
        
         | aendruk wrote:
         | > Wait, what does this mean?
         | 
         | Maybe they're referring to FBS in media. Much of cell biology
         | research has used cow blood as an easy way to nurture cells,
         | and early lab grown meat continued to use that as a starting
         | point. The switch to a more ethical alternative is underway.
        
         | hnboredhn wrote:
         | I'm curious what the legal restrictions are here. I would
         | imagine if a hamburger from a fast food restaurant could
         | replace half of its meat with plant protein that I may not
         | really notice if no one tells me. At the same time, the price
         | differential is probably going to be very small that I would
         | absolutely go for the pure meat option every time if its just
         | within a dollar difference.
         | 
         | I can't find for the US but I know there are strict rules on
         | what can be called juice, for instance. It looks like Europe is
         | more lenient than the US:
         | https://www.npr.org/2020/10/23/927278172/veggie-burgers-can-...
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | > This isn't super relevant to the conversation here since
         | there are very many alternative proteins that don't require
         | inventing synthetic meat.
         | 
         | If you look at our diets over the last millenium or so there
         | was much less meat in the median person's diet. Much closer to
         | "meat once a week or less". Meat alternatives aren't really
         | about what we need nutritionally, it's about offering something
         | people will voluntarily choose instead of meat when given the
         | choice. Through that lens, synthetic meat is worth pursuing
         | even if plant-based "meat" continues getting better and
         | hashbrowns continue to exist.
        
       | nuancebydefault wrote:
       | I'm not very knowledgeable about the subject so I ask myself...
       | Why make things so difficult and try to produce meat? Why not
       | just proteins or any nutrients in bulk in reactors? Is original
       | structure and taste so important in these days where we can
       | produce flavours and build structures afterwards rather easily?
        
       | freeone3000 wrote:
       | It appears to be currently made using more equipment, with less
       | scale, and to top it all off they still use animal cell lines!
       | It's nowhere near ready.
        
         | Maken wrote:
         | Of course they need to use animal cells. The point is to be
         | able to grow _meat_ without  "conscience", aka a central
         | nervous system.
        
       | chaxor wrote:
       | I still fully support progress and research towards improving the
       | world, which is precisely what lab grown meat is - but
       | alternatives such as 'impossible' are still quite excellent
       | substitutes as well. Honestly, I think impossible meat is _far_ ,
       | _faaar_ better than pretty much any _real_ meat - and I say that
       | including a  'good steak' or (even better) home cooked steak in
       | the southern US from a local butcher shop. Of course, that can
       | still be good - but impossible meat is way better due to actually
       | being _uniformly smooth_ and much easier to marinate (if that 's
       | what you're going for). Real meat has an enormous number of
       | issues that make it sub par, such as health risks (unique disease
       | sets, as well as the chronic-use red meat effects on health),
       | random other tissues that affect quality (gristle, other tendons,
       | etc), of course _extremely_ inhumane processes for which it comes
       | from, and the pretty insane costs associated with it (much of the
       | writeups on this are very disingenuous and favor  'real' meat,
       | despite the glaring amount of capital it takes to sustain these
       | farms).
       | 
       | Ultimately I am really ready to move on from the past of eating
       | real meat and I would love to see all facets of the world switch
       | away from it.
        
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