[HN Gopher] If Microsoft is doing so good why layoffs?
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       If Microsoft is doing so good why layoffs?
        
       Microsoft released earnings yesterday and showed excellent perf on
       all fronts. Why do 10k layoffs then?
        
       Author : eclectic29
       Score  : 32 points
       Date   : 2023-04-26 16:43 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
       | gcheong wrote:
       | It sounds good to the shareholders.
        
         | sitkack wrote:
         | All supplies a source of wage suppression pressure. It has zero
         | to do with the savings from the fired worker.
        
           | musicale wrote:
           | It really does look like tacit collusion among tech companies
           | to reduce wages.
        
             | mcast wrote:
             | It seems like collusion to appease the Fed to stop
             | increasing rates.
        
               | sitkack wrote:
               | Interview with Larry Summers, Former Secretary of the
               | Treasury | The Problem with Jon Stewart
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tU3rGFyN5uQ
        
               | mcast wrote:
               | Jon Stewart is an incredible interviewer, he was able to
               | expose Summers praising billions of dollars of corporate
               | profits while completely disregarding people losing their
               | jobs in almost the same sentence.
        
       | xyzzy4747 wrote:
       | Some people produce less value than they cost.
        
         | yellowapple wrote:
         | This explanation assumes that Microsoft is accurate in its
         | assessments of value.
        
           | xyzzy4747 wrote:
           | They just have to be accurate enough on average with room for
           | error. If they fire 90 unproductive workers and accidentally
           | 10 productive ones, it could still be a net positive for the
           | company, just on a financial level (morality aside).
        
       | websitejanitor wrote:
       | The base interest rate has gone up.
       | 
       | Businesses don't pay for costs solely with revenue, they also use
       | cash from loans. Revenue is used to pay off loans, so higher
       | interest rates mean loans become more expensive. To maintain
       | constant loan repayment costs through a projected year, the total
       | amount of those loans has to go down. With lower cash from loans,
       | costs have to be cut and payroll is one of them.
       | 
       | I think this partially explains why everyone is doing layoffs
       | regardless of revenue performance: they all have to adapt to the
       | same conditions of higher interest rates.
        
         | jalino23 wrote:
         | microsoft needs loans?
        
           | ShuffleBoard wrote:
           | Sure; every company effectively does, by way of the "cost of
           | capital:" https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/cost-of-
           | capital#:~:text=Wha....
           | 
           | But regardless of whether any big tech co. needs loans or
           | not, the cost of any investment they make, as well as the
           | referred-to-present value of any payoff from it, are anchored
           | to the interest rate. And the recent upward movement in the
           | interest rate -- not to mention high inflation -- has
           | drastically (relative to the ~0% interest days) raised the
           | costs and lowered the payoffs.
           | 
           | Tech (both Big Tech & startups) is also getting hammered
           | hardest first here mostly because those are the ventures that
           | attracted investment of the lion's share of 0%-minted
           | dollars, and that investment is vaporizing at the same time
           | that the ROI (payoffs - costs) on lots of those firms' WIP
           | has gone negative.
        
           | websitejanitor wrote:
           | Yes. It's actually uncommon for a business not to take loans
           | out. You can see how much a public company owes in the
           | balance sheet: https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/MSFT/balance-
           | sheet/
        
           | giaour wrote:
           | Every price includes an interest rate derivative, even if you
           | pay with cash.
           | 
           | If interest rates are high, then buying something has a
           | higher opportunity cost since you're forgoing earning
           | interest on your capital. As patio11 put it in
           | https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/banking-in-very-
           | uncer..., "when interest rates rise, all asset prices must
           | fall."
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Good read, thanks
        
           | kevinh456 wrote:
           | Even Apple with its giant cash war chest uses loans. A lot of
           | their money is in offshore subsidiaries and would incur a tax
           | if they on-shored it to the United States. It's often cheaper
           | to borrow money and pay it off with earnings than to pay
           | taxes on the money.
        
           | sarlalian wrote:
           | Need? No. But they can invest cash on hand into things that
           | have a higher yield than the base interest rate, and operate
           | the business using loans at the base interest rate.
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | Cashflow is hard ... On the one hand you must pay 200,000+
           | employees everywhere in the world at regular intervals
           | without fail. But on the other hand, the cash to do that is
           | tied up in various places, it's in a different country, it's
           | in various interest-bearing bonds or shares that cannot be
           | redeemed quickly, or it's even in _future_ revenues that you
           | 've not received yet. And it wouldn't be efficient to have a
           | massive cash float on hand in country-specific bank accounts,
           | when that money could be invested profitably.
        
             | ChatGTP wrote:
             | Must feel nice to be so valued.
        
       | sbdaman wrote:
       | The business case for lay offs doesn't necessarily require a
       | deficit/net loss.
        
       | Someone1234 wrote:
       | Large companies over-hire to short-term inflate the share price,
       | then lay-off the over-hire to also short-term inflate the share
       | price. In essence, you take the market sentiment and hire/fire in
       | order to reinforce it.
       | 
       | e.g. "Outlook is good, we're in a hiring cycle because we want to
       | take advantage of the positive market conditions." "Outlook is
       | bad, we're in a layoff cycle because we want to protect
       | ourselves." Shareholders love both since the company is being
       | "efficient."
       | 
       | Only one who loses is the little employees (and, frankly, long
       | term stability; but modern US businesses only have foresight to
       | the end of the current FY and only memory of the last FY).
        
         | tester756 wrote:
         | >Large companies over-hire to short-term inflate the share
         | price
         | 
         | src on that?
        
           | hudsonjr wrote:
           | I don't know that they hire to inflate the share price.
           | 
           | In good times, I have felt like that some R&D projects exist
           | just to say "we have people working on it" for investor calls
           | and such. In bad times, those things can get cut.
        
         | michaelbrave wrote:
         | Sounds similar to Hawthorne effect to me, where they sudied
         | office workers on how they reacted to dimming or raising the
         | lights and both caused upward productivity but it was because
         | the workers realised they were being watched not because the
         | lighting caused changes.
         | 
         | Neither the hiring or the firing necissarily make the company
         | more efficient but maybe being watched and knowing they are
         | being watched does.
        
           | skywhopper wrote:
           | This assumes layoffs are actually done using some logical
           | process. But everything I've heard about the folks who have
           | gotten let go says otherwise. No one is being fairly rated.
           | So no one will assume they are being "watched".
        
       | badpun wrote:
       | Because they believe they'll make even more profits if they lay
       | off those 10k people. Or, at least, that's what the owners (i.e.
       | the current stock market sentiment, the board of directors)
       | believe, and the CEO follows their tune.
        
       | mpol wrote:
       | It is not doing that great really, it just sounds like it. Sales
       | was up 7% last quarter, profit 9%, but inflation is 10% year-on-
       | year. So Microsoft is effective losing value.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Sales was up 7% last quarter, profit 9%, but inflation is
         | 10% year-on-year. So Microsoft is effective losing value._
         | 
         | To illustrate, suppose they sold $100 last year, or $25 per
         | quarter. That means they sold $26.75 last quarter [a], of which
         | $2.41 was profit [b]. Last year it was $2.25 [c]. Inflation
         | means last year's profit bought as much as $2.48 today [d],
         | _i.e._ real profit is down 3%.
         | 
         | [a] _25 x 107%*
         | 
         | [b] _26.75 x 9%*
         | 
         | [c] _25 x 9%*
         | 
         | [d] _2.25 x 110%*
        
           | pcthrowaway wrote:
           | Unless they're giving their employees annual raises that
           | match inflation, this doesn't really seem like an explanation
           | for layoffs, as the salary for their employees also declines
           | in inflation-adjusted numbers.
           | 
           | If they _are_ giving employees raises that match inflation, I
           | wonder if they 've decided that some layoffs while keeping
           | the raise structure the same is better for morale than no
           | layoffs but turning the annual raise percentages down a bit.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _wonder if they 've decided that some layoffs while
             | keeping the raise structure the same is better for morale
             | than no layoffs but turning the annual raise percentages
             | down a bit_
             | 
             | Your competitors will pay real market for your best
             | employees. Better to trim than spread the pain.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Probably just taking advange to strategically cut underperforming
       | products and possibly individuals.
        
       | gt565k wrote:
       | Because they've identified poor performers or products / teams
       | that no longer fit the strategy or market and need to be shut
       | down.
       | 
       | The answers on here are ridiculous.
       | 
       | Flip the question on its head - why did Microsoft hire like
       | 30-40k people the last 3 years?
       | 
       | Because they were staffing for projects and teams. Some projects
       | got shutdown so the teams / staff is no longer needed.
        
         | refulgentis wrote:
         | That's sort of a head-in-the-sand answer, there weren't these
         | big projects that needed to be staffed up through mid 2022 and
         | cut by end of Q1 2023. I'm sure we can come up with one, maybe?
         | But certainly doesn't describe what happened
        
       | musicale wrote:
       | Perhaps one or more of the following:
       | 
       | 0. They want to reduce labor costs in the short term.
       | 
       | 1. They think some projects will not produce value in the near or
       | long term, so they are canceling those projects and laying off
       | the people who work on them.
       | 
       | 2. They want to reduce salaries in the near and long term. (Fire
       | at high salary, rehire at low if needed.)
       | 
       | 3. They got a big tax bill due to the changes in R&D
       | amortization.
       | 
       | 4. They believe they can automate existing jobs and/or replace
       | them with AI.
       | 
       | Layoffs usually destroy business value.[1,2] In this case I
       | expect MS might be betting on reduced labor costs (including
       | taxes) in the short term followed by salary reduction and
       | automation in the near and long term.
       | 
       | [1] https://hbr.org/2022/12/what-companies-still-get-wrong-
       | about...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.inc.com/nick-hobson/according-to-this-
       | stanford-p...
        
         | gumballindie wrote:
         | > 4. They believe they can automate existing jobs and/or
         | replace them with AI.
         | 
         | Yawn. It's more about disciplining the workforce.
        
       | jleyank wrote:
       | Probably because everybody else is. If they've over-hired, they
       | can fix matters a bit or if they're very good/careful with HR
       | they can prune some deadwood. Or, it's just part of the plan to
       | break the back of the WFH movement, thus removing worker agency.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | > Or, it's just part of the plan to break the back of the WFH
         | movement, thus removing worker agency.
         | 
         | Put the peasants in their place - business justification is
         | just rationalisation
        
           | musicale wrote:
           | This is an interesting take. Basically an authoritarian
           | crackdown to shut down a nascent worker rebellion before it
           | really takes off.
        
             | cronin101 wrote:
             | As someone working at Microsoft I can actually say that
             | they have continued supporting WFH and if anything are
             | actually leaning even heavier into WFH-facilitation (at
             | least in my division) lately. It's been a big success for
             | enabling cross-office cooperation and is seen as a pretty
             | valuable differentiator vs SV-corps. I believe for the
             | longest time, even when the stock and comp wasn't so hot,
             | Microsoft had a reputation for "the place with with work-
             | life balance".
        
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       (page generated 2023-04-26 23:03 UTC)