[HN Gopher] 'Delete Act' seeks to give Californians more power t...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       'Delete Act' seeks to give Californians more power to block data
       tracking
        
       Author : anigbrowl
       Score  : 198 points
       Date   : 2023-04-24 18:24 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.kqed.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.kqed.org)
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | Why make this so difficult? Just ban personally targeted
       | advertising. That's what everyone is really trying to achieve.
       | Nobody really cares about any individual's personal data beyond
       | using it to try to sell him something. Ban using it for
       | advertising and it becomes worth less than the cost of collecting
       | and storing it.
       | 
       | Sites can just go back to content-based targeting for ads.
        
         | unpopular42 wrote:
         | I prefer relevant ads to random ads. Therefore no thanks, do
         | not ban personally targeted advertising.
        
           | digging wrote:
           | Content-based ads _are_ relevant by definition.
           | 
           | Alternatively, imagine this: you could opt-in to targeted ads
           | if you really like them. (I find it hard to wrap my head
           | around this as a person who avoids almost all ads, but you do
           | you.)
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Yes, and as a result people might consume a little less than
         | they did before and that will help the climate as a nice side-
         | effect.
         | 
         | I guess we'll get a ban on personally targeted advertising when
         | Chinese companies start buying data brokerage firms in the U.S.
        
           | unpopular42 wrote:
           | No, people won't consume less, as long as they have the same
           | disposable income. Unless you mean that this will hurt the
           | economy and people will become poorer. In that case yes, they
           | will consume less, but not sure how it can be seen as a nice
           | side effect.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | I mean, you don't have to always buy something. You could
             | save some money?
        
         | wnevets wrote:
         | > Why make this so difficult? Just ban personally targeted
         | advertising.
         | 
         | Probably because they think that would cost the economy
         | billions of dollars overnight. Very few politicians would want
         | that on their resume.
        
           | sjfidsfkds wrote:
           | Measurement of conversions (ie. did somebody make a purchase
           | after clicking the ad) is even more economically significant
           | than targeting, and this is where ad publishers are most
           | afraid of losing revenue due to privacy rules. The popular
           | commentary on this subject is pretty detached from the
           | business. The grandparent commenter's "ban ad targeting"
           | proposal manages to be both too extreme while also having
           | little effect on data collection.
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | > The popular commentary on this subject is pretty detached
             | from the business.
             | 
             | That's because personalized ads are hostile in the extreme
             | and shouldn't have been allowed in the first place. It pits
             | millions of dollars of psychological manipulation against
             | our "self control".
             | 
             | I'd rather the economy burn than continue this unethical
             | practice.
        
               | sjfidsfkds wrote:
               | My point is that only a fraction of user data collection
               | is done for the purpose of ad targeting. So whether or
               | not ad targeting should be banned for ethical reasons,
               | such a ban is not a replacement for regulations of user
               | data collection like those proposed in the article we are
               | discussing here.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | What is wrong with the conversion estimates they used in
             | the days of broadcast TV and radio? Or even newspapers?
             | 
             | For that matter conversion metrics are not useful because
             | the real high value purchase are not see ad buy thing. They
             | are more of see many ads for SUV, when current car gets
             | 'old' buy SUV. Many years of advertising are used in that
             | targeting, and you cannot easily measure conversion.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | > and you cannot easily measure conversion
               | 
               | Easily, no. But you can, at least in theory. With enough
               | data, you can essentially tell if a customer has seen
               | your ads, plus when and where (and not just your online
               | ads - billboards and dealerships could be identified by
               | using the customer's car to track their location). If
               | they buy your car, and you see that they viewed your ads,
               | maybe they even clicked one or otherwise browsed your
               | site at some point, you can get some data from that. With
               | enough aggregate data, you can begin to see correlations
               | between certain ad viewing behavior and certain
               | purchases.
               | 
               | Do they actually do this? Probably not, due to
               | incompetence. But they could and eventually will if they
               | aren't already.
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | Privacy is about more than just targeted ads. That is just the
         | most obvious application. Here are a handful of other practical
         | privacy concerns:
         | 
         | * Negative information about you floating free (mugshots
         | websites, revenge porn, news articles about past behaviour) *
         | Health and other behavioural information (e.g. used by health,
         | life and auto insurance. These days your medical info might be
         | used to sue you in another state even!) * Privacy in semi-
         | public places (ring cameras, uber dashcams) * Financial
         | information being used against you (credit ratings obviously,
         | but also being deemed a fraud risk makes a lot of transactions
         | difficult) * Criminal history is commonly used in job
         | applications.
         | 
         | I'm not saying we need to go to one extreme - how would loans
         | work without credit ratings, and CCTV definitly improves safety
         | in some situations - but I just want to point out the range of
         | issues at play. Most of these already have some kind of legal
         | compromise.
         | 
         | Also beyond practical concerns there is a principal at stake
         | too. We fundamentally deserve some degree of privacy just for
         | it's own good.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | > * Negative information about you floating free (mugshots
           | websites...
           | 
           | I know that is embarrassing and subject to abuse, but making
           | all arrests public is an important human right. The British
           | used secret arrests against the 1770s rebellion in north
           | america (and not to mention long before then and pretty
           | continually since) which is why it's important in American
           | law, though the British are hardly the only ones to use this
           | tactic. Even the USA has done so too, most notably in the
           | early 2000s, though not within US territory as far as I know.
        
             | bsder wrote:
             | Can we please remember that things can be "public"
             | _without_ being  "online"?
             | 
             | The big companies don't want you to think about this
             | because they benefit from being able to hoover up
             | everything with a couple of clicks. There's nothing wrong
             | with having to show up in person at a courthouse to see
             | arrest records.
             | 
             | Making a human have to physically show up to make a request
             | for a record does a nice job of adding just enough friction
             | that you can't create these abusable repositories quite so
             | easily.
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | If the state tried to prevent people from talking about
               | officially public information, that seems like something
               | that would be slapped down on first amendment grounds
               | alone.
        
               | 542458 wrote:
               | Yeah, IIRC in New York arrest records are available and
               | can be requested online... but there's a $50 fee per
               | request, and you don't get mugshots. Enough availability
               | to ensure the police can't hide arrests, but also enough
               | barrier to discourage mass collection and abuse of the
               | data.
        
         | breck wrote:
         | Go deeper. End copyright. If we had P2P publishing, the bad
         | kind of advertising would largely go away.
        
           | shagie wrote:
           | California can't end copyright. Ending copyright as you have
           | suggested elsewhere would take the US dropping out of several
           | important world trade treaties and make it undesirable for
           | any company, publisher, author, or artist that _does_ want
           | copyright to be here.
           | 
           | That aside, the current copyright approach does not prohibit
           | P2P publishing (publish with a CC0 license and you're about
           | as disclaimed of copyright as you can be).
           | 
           | This would do nothing to change advertising.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | I'm not following the logic. What's the mechanism? How,
           | specifically, do you see and end to copyright making
           | advertising go away?
        
       | rootusrootus wrote:
       | Right along with this, about we set up enforcement and require
       | all data brokers to register with the gov't and give them API
       | access for enforcement queries. Then the gov't can have a page
       | that lets citizens find out which data brokers have information
       | about them. Hell, let's put a button on that page that says
       | "Forget me."
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _require all data brokers to register with the gov 't and
         | give them API access for enforcement queries_
         | 
         | This codifies a unified surveillance apparatus.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | Other assets classes already have that
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Other assets classes already have that_
             | 
             | Financial assets. You can even become an M&A advisor and,
             | as long as you never touch securities, avoid registering
             | with anyone.
        
               | yieldcrv wrote:
               | user data is traded like financial assets and the
               | burgeoning trend is to recognize it as user property
               | 
               | on the financial side the infrastructure of providers is
               | also similar to securities trading
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _user data is traded like financial assets and the
               | burgeoning trend is to recognize it as user property_
               | 
               | This is a tortured method. We generally treat things as
               | property when we want to facilitate its ability to be
               | traded and leveraged. What is the advantage of the
               | property route versus enumerated rights?
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Can the government not already purchase access to these
           | databases?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Can the government not already purchase access to these
             | databases?_
             | 
             | Sure. But providing mandatory registration and a legally-
             | required API sure makes it easier. (There is also zero
             | chance those data don't wind up accessible by every small-
             | town cap.)
        
         | runnerup wrote:
         | Another column in the row:                  flag_isForgotten:
         | TRUE
         | 
         | Then for the compliance query:                  SELECT * FROM
         | victims WHERE flag_isForgotten = FALSE;
         | 
         | A better model for your purposes might be the "Bottled in Bond"
         | model where bourbon had to be kept in government-owned whiskey
         | aging warehouses. All PII data would have to be kept solely in
         | government-owned databases. Your model would not be many
         | citizens' first choice because it makes the government
         | surveillance absolute.
         | 
         | However, I don't think there's a good solution for those of us
         | who'd like to return to the level of privacy afforded to us in
         | the early '90s or before. I don't believe that will ever be an
         | option again.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Well yes, at a certain level we lose visibility into the
           | internals and have to rely on penalties to coerce good
           | behavior. Maybe a whistleblower law with a healthy reward?
           | 
           | What I want is to get all the private data collection out in
           | the open. Average Joe can probably tell you that Google
           | collects some information about him, maybe his browsing
           | history or search queries. But how many people really
           | understand that there are probably 100x or 1000x more
           | scrapers out there putting together every bit of data they
           | can find and correlating it?
           | 
           | I want to tightly regulate what companies can do with
           | information they collect about you, especially once they
           | start cross-referencing and selling it. Shine a very bright
           | light on it.
        
             | reaperman wrote:
             | > Maybe a whistleblower law with a healthy reward?
             | 
             | This would probably be a better framework.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | Brave initially aspired to do this.
         | 
         | They wanted to use attestations on a blockchain to show a chain
         | of consent and revoked consent from a user.
         | 
         | But that only works if data brokers are tied to that data
         | source. (and the friction of using that data source being way
         | lower)
        
         | anaganisk wrote:
         | That's what India did with its UID, Aadhar. The initial days
         | were so bad with security. Anyone and everyone could take the
         | id number and fetch info about you. Now you can lock access
         | with biometrics and even after unlocking it auto locks in 5
         | minutes. You can also generate a virtual unique id number to
         | prevent fingerprinting across various services. There are still
         | some cases where the security of data seems to be questionable,
         | but it's working there. They also have oAuth support for
         | websites to use aadhar profile. But not many services have
         | integrated with it yet.
        
       | tayo42 wrote:
       | This site you're posting and reading comments on won't let you
       | delete your comments and accounts. I think at best if you email
       | and ask they might randomize your username.
        
         | anaganisk wrote:
         | I don't know if it counts but this site also doesn't collect
         | personal information, I don't even remember if I had to verify
         | an email.
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | I've always thought - if it's possible for someone trawling
           | HN to build a pretty comprehensive profile of users based on
           | usage pattern, comment structure, and occasional personal
           | details shared (like gender, familial status, location).
           | 
           | I think it'd be pretty easy for most accounts that have >
           | 1000 comments.
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | You still need to have the foresight to do things like not
           | reuse usernames, even use your real name, or accidently post
           | something that could identify you. It's still an account
           | owned by a person
        
       | cm2012 wrote:
       | These laws make no sense at all because basically no one is
       | actually hurt by ad tracking (it actually improves ad quality and
       | relevance), except if you just think advertising in general is
       | wrong.
       | 
       | All of these data privacy laws are just a minority of people
       | wanting to push back against capitalism and big tech. I get it
       | but it's such a waste of energy.
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | i saw some youtube advertisements for a service that requests
       | data deletion on your behalf, but i was super skeptical of that
       | because it just seems like the service you're paying to do this
       | would then become the next centralized hub of what information of
       | yours once existed.
       | 
       | I don't mind the idea of a government-based interface to all of
       | this with strict adherence to privacy
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dan-robertson wrote:
       | I hope that other jurisdictions (than the EU) will find different
       | policies around data protection to try to achieve something that
       | is actually good for people in practice now that they can look at
       | how gdpr worked out.
       | 
       | I think the law requiring subscriptions to be easily cancelled is
       | a good example of something that is good for people because it
       | makes something they already want to do easier/better.
       | 
       | On the other hand, the thought of having to cope with umpteen
       | different privacy laws makes me glad I don't work on a website
       | for the general public.
       | 
       | My main complaint with data protection laws is that they often
       | require actions from users, either some kind of 'informed
       | consent' like gdpr/cookie laws, or some kind of deletion request.
       | I would much prefer some simpler laws like 'no keeping
       | behavioural data more than 45 days' that don't require people to
       | opt in to privacy. Though there are flaws with what I wrote -
       | what does it mean for training neural networks; there are cases
       | where you want that memory, eg maybe if you liked a tv
       | show/YouTube channel and there was more than 45 days between
       | series/videos, you would want the new series to be recommended to
       | you; there are complex chains of causality like if eg I watch a
       | cat video, get recommended a bunch more cat videos over time,
       | watch some of those, then in some sense the signal from the first
       | cat video has caused me to still be getting recommended them more
       | than 45 days later.
       | 
       | It seems like this requires taking action to delete a lot of data
       | from a lot of places and puts the onus on the consumer, which I
       | think isn't great. But the 'data broker registry' might make it
       | easier to do? I wonder what the EFF were thinking about when they
       | supported this. Perhaps they just considered it to be strictly
       | privacy-increasing and therefore good, and didn't worry about
       | second-order effects like consumer fatigue. Maybe the second-
       | order effects don't matter so much - they are second order after
       | all.
        
         | cccbbbaaa wrote:
         | Data retention limitations are absolutely a thing in GDPR and
         | previous European laws (ie. Informatique et Libertes).
        
           | dan-robertson wrote:
           | I don't think the problem with GDPR is that it is lacking
           | rules.
        
             | cccbbbaaa wrote:
             | I get that. I'm saying that what you think is missing in
             | existing privacy laws, actually already exists.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | emodendroket wrote:
       | Hey, sure. Keep inventing stuff for me to do at work. I don't
       | mind.
        
       | hadrien01 wrote:
       | Just copy-paste GDPR, and enforce it.
        
         | givemeethekeys wrote:
         | If by GDPR you mean the cookie banner that appears on most
         | websites? It's as if we ask for something and are punished for
         | it. I'd like to see some proof that GDPR has achieved major
         | changes in data privacy before a copy-paste.
        
           | minsc_and_boo wrote:
           | Nitpick: EPD is responsible for the cookie consents
           | everywhere, not GDPR - https://gdpr.eu/cookies/
           | 
           | GDPR primarily concerns the user with information and
           | takedown requests, the latter which could be considered
           | deletion.
        
         | taosx wrote:
         | GDPR doesn't work as described and companies have found many
         | ways to make the process difficult. There is a clause (last
         | case scenario) where the company can say that the data is
         | critical to the system and can't delete it.
        
           | anticristi wrote:
           | No, they cannot https://www.enforcementtracker.com/
           | 
           | You probably refer to "legitimate interests". If you play
           | that card, you are required to show a "Legitimate Interest
           | Balancing Test", in which you show that your interests are
           | arguably more important than the interest of the consumer:
           | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-
           | protectio...
           | 
           | Source: I love to watch Facebook becoming the first GDPR
           | unicorn, i.e., a company with more than 1 billion EUR GDPR
           | fine.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | GDPR isn't a good fit for the American system. The
             | principles that animate it [ _i.e._ rights of access (Art.
             | 15), erasure (17) and objection (21)] should be
             | incorporated into law. But a combination of public and
             | private enforcement, plus a strong civil regulator (but one
             | who isn 't obligated, by law or practice, to respond to
             | complaints), is a better start.
             | 
             | > _watch Facebook becoming the first GDPR unicorn_
             | 
             | They're paying $725mm to users in America [1]. Difference
             | being the damages go to users, not a regulator.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.popsci.com/technology/meta-725-million-
             | lawsuit-c...
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | The problem is that no form of data personal protection
               | is really a good fit for the American (political) system,
               | because the US leans heavily into the fallacy that if
               | it's legal for one individual to do some as private
               | activity, then allowing to be scaled up to mass corporate
               | behavior is inherently reasonable. So telling
               | Surveillance Valley to stop building Stasi 2.0 is akin to
               | telling your friends that they must forget your birthday.
               | 
               | Furthermore, the American concept of "consent" mostly
               | functions as a legal fiction whereby less powerful
               | parties are coerced into signing a bunch of binding legal
               | documents. Hence the desire to copy the GDPR verbatim -
               | because if a privacy law used the American version of
               | "consent", why even bother?
               | 
               | One way to port the overall idea of the GDPR into the US
               | legal system might be to define a non-transferable
               | property right in personal information (information about
               | yourself), which could only be licensed _revocably_.
               | Those two key bits would be tough though, given
               | widespread deference to the Coase fallacy that has
               | blessed much corporate looting.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _no form of data personal protection is really a good
               | fit for the American system_
               | 
               | Not true. We have the Privacy Act of '74, HIPAA, GLBA and
               | COPPA, to say nothing of _e.g._ California 's CCPA and
               | Virginia's CDPA [1]. Or Illinois' biometric privacy
               | protections [2].
               | 
               | > _the US leans heavily into the fallacy that if it 's
               | legal for one individual to do some as private activity,
               | then allowing to be scaled up to mass corporate behavior
               | is inherently reasonable_
               | 
               | This is true for rights, which don't get diluted through
               | assembly. Not rules or the law. Plenty of laws exempt
               | small businesses and natural persons.
               | 
               | > _the American concept of "consent" mostly functions as
               | a legal fiction whereby less powerful parties are coerced
               | into signing a bunch of binding legal documents_
               | 
               | Not entirely true. See: EULA enforceability as it
               | pertains to natural persons [3].
               | 
               | > _to define a property right in personal information
               | (information about yourself), making it non-transferable
               | and revocable at any time_
               | 
               | One generally defines a property right to _enable_
               | transferability. Revocable property isn 't property, it's
               | a license. Making information one's inalienable property
               | that can only be revocably licensed sounds neat, but it
               | doesn't add value over enumerating data rights.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.comparitech.com/data-privacy-
               | management/federal-...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.jacksonlewis.com/sites/default/files/docs
               | /Illino...
               | 
               | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-
               | user_license_agreement#Enf...
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | > _This is true for rights, which don 't get diluted
               | through assembly_
               | 
               | Calling it "assembly" is disingenuous (this is directed
               | at the legal canon, not you). Generally companies aren't
               | just mere assemblies of people, but rather are separate
               | legal entities whose members have limited liability. Just
               | as it's accepted for a company to say to an employee "if
               | you want to get paid your 1st amendment rights are
               | irrelevant", it would be reasonable for the government to
               | say "if you want to have a statutory liability shield,
               | your 1st amendment rights are irrelevant for activities
               | facilitated by the shield".
               | 
               | > _Not entirely true. See: EULA enforceability as it
               | pertains to natural persons_
               | 
               | I didn't say there weren't exceptions. Just
               | overwhelmingly when a new regulation is created that
               | requires "consent", the main result is for there to be a
               | new piece of paper that people are forced to sign to
               | "give consent". Rarely is there spelled out a path where
               | the individual can refuse to give consent and still
               | obtain a service that didn't intrinsically require it.
               | 
               | > _Making information one 's inalienable property that
               | can only be revocably licensed sounds neat, but it
               | doesn't add value over enumerating data rights._
               | 
               | The value is that trying to carve out new rights is an
               | uphill battle, whereas dovetailing into the customs of
               | commerce might just be possible. For example you had
               | mentioned carve outs in the various state attempts at
               | privacy laws due to the 1st amendment. Whereas those
               | carve outs (unfortunately) don't exist for copyright!
               | 
               | But sure, I do support trying to carve out completely new
               | rights to repudiate our burgeoning surveillance society.
               | It's just that the way the legislative process works in
               | this country, it will be an amazing feat if the drafting
               | process doesn't end up gutting most individual rights
               | while still creating a bunch of red tape to stifle
               | competition. Hence the attraction to copying GDPR
               | wholesale and letting the courts sort it out.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _when a new regulation is created that requires
               | "consent", the main result is for there to be a new piece
               | of paper that people are forced to sign to "give
               | consent"_
               | 
               | You'll see my suggestions purposely skirt the question of
               | consent. Access, erasure and objection. You can access
               | your information held by others. You can require its
               | deletion. And you can object to how it's used. (In
               | practice, revocable consent. But avoiding the concept
               | directly.)
               | 
               | > _those carve outs (unfortunately) don 't exist for
               | copyright_
               | 
               | Copyright is in the Constitution [1]. Its interaction
               | with the First Amendment is why we have the fair-use
               | doctrine [2]. I doubt the Congress could enact copyright
               | without the Copyright Clause.
               | 
               | Incorporating privacy through commercial code strikes me
               | as messy. We have _many_ mechanisms for abrogating
               | property rights. Do we really want to deal with _e.g._
               | civil forfeiture of a person 's privacy, banks seizing
               | possession of personal data in obscure foreclosure
               | proceedings, or an employer holding parts of an
               | employee's privacy rights in bond?
               | 
               | > _the attraction to copying GDPR wholesale and letting
               | the courts sort it out_
               | 
               | This would involve a decade plus of anarchy, litigation
               | and uncertainty. That is enough time for generational
               | backlash. Lazy legislating rarely pays off.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Clause
               | 
               | [2] https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-
               | conan/article-1/sec...
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | > _You 'll see my suggestions purposely skirt the
               | question of consent. Access, erasure and objection. You
               | can access your information held by others. You can
               | require its deletion. And you can object to how it's
               | used._
               | 
               | Sure. I just see the legislative meat grinder turning
               | "information" into narrowly construed red herrings like
               | SSN's and account numbers, "access" into the ability to
               | file individual written requests (which include more
               | personal information) to specific entities you happen to
               | know about, "deletion" into the null operation because it
               | "infringes freedom", and "objection" into a strongly
               | worded protest rather than anything actionable. I
               | certainly do want to be wrong here, but this is the same
               | country where widely-lauded healthcare reform ended up
               | including a provision that everyone had to pay the
               | parasites.
               | 
               | Good point about the perils of making one's interest in
               | personal information more property like. I had wanted to
               | head that off by making it non-transferable, but you're
               | right to point out the slippery slope that legislative
               | corruption would surely push us down.
               | 
               | As far as copyright, it grows ever stronger in spite of
               | patently obvious free speech concerns (eg DMCA "anti-
               | circumvention"), because legislation that benefits
               | corporations wins out over legislation that benefits
               | individual rights.
               | 
               | And for "lazy legislating", what I see really not paying
               | off is when congress addresses an issue a single time and
               | then considers the matter solved, regardless of the
               | actual result.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _what I see really not paying off is when congress
               | addresses an issue a single time and then considers the
               | matter solved, regardless of the actual result_
               | 
               | This is incrementalism. It's the solution preference of a
               | deliberative, consensus-building democracy. We make a
               | move. See the effects. Iterate. It works in the long run.
               | 
               | The opposite, forcing through chaotic legislation, tends
               | to result in alienation, repeal and the resignation of
               | the issue to the partisan trash pile.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | Read my sentence again - I'm bemoaning the _lack_ of
               | iteration. Are the disastrous bits of the CFAA and the
               | DMCA ever going to be repealed? Will any of this new
               | privacy legislation apply to the traditional surveillance
               | industry ( "credit bureaus") ? It seems like once
               | commercial interests get their sponsored laws into the
               | endzone, we're left to suffer them indefinitely. It's why
               | we're always reaching for "constitutionality" as the main
               | hope for eliminating oppressive laws, rather than
               | thinking that congress could reverse course.
        
               | Hamuko wrote:
               | > _Difference being the damages go to users, not a
               | regulator._
               | 
               | Doesn't a class-action lawsuit just mean that like a
               | third of it goes to private law firms?
        
           | andygeorge wrote:
           | > GDPR doesn't work as described
           | 
           | could you expand upon or clarify that? i work in systems
           | infrastructure and have been a part of implementing GDPR-
           | driven changes in both apps and infrastructure, so it
           | certainly seems to be working in my line of work
        
             | taosx wrote:
             | I'm not saying that systems are not in place, I'm just
             | saying that it's too hard for the average consumer.
             | 
             | - After you've requested deletion the company has 30 days
             | to "respond" but they can extend that with two additional
             | months. - They can go to extreme lengths to verify the
             | identity of the user which they have the right to do so and
             | if you don't respond to the confirmation they are not
             | obligated to delete anything.
             | 
             | I've encountered both practices in the past (and I've only
             | made 3 requests, ever).
             | 
             | The dream would have been an automated way to do it,
             | something like a government service where each company
             | would have to publish metadata about captured user data and
             | once you request deletion through the service the company
             | would receive an event, a webhook call...
        
               | andygeorge wrote:
               | > it's too hard for the average consumer
               | 
               | oh yeah, hard agree with this
        
       | Robotbeat wrote:
       | I wonder if this will effectively ban LLMs like the similar
       | legislation in Europe?
        
         | gaogao wrote:
         | Likely not, but it depends on the language around anonymizing
         | that the bill uses
        
       | superkuh wrote:
       | I can't help but notice in the bill itself there's no definition
       | of what a data broker is. Does anyone know the legal definition
       | in California? Do you have to be an incorporated person to be a
       | data broker or can human persons have this force applied to them
       | as well?
       | 
       |  _edit_ :
       | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.x...
       | "California's definition of a "data broker" is set out at Section
       | 1798.99.80. (d) of California's Data Broker Law"
       | 
       | It sounds like data broker has to be a "business" that collects
       | information about someone they don't have a direct relationship
       | to and sell that to a third party. This might still include sole
       | proprietorship businesses but it sounds like normal non-
       | incorporated human persons and personal websites wouldn't be
       | forced to delete things.
       | 
       | It's interesting to note that "Financial institutions" are given
       | an exception from the "data broker" tag and regulations and can
       | still do whatever they want.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _it sounds like normal non-incorporated human persons and
         | personal websites wouldn 't be forced to delete things_
         | 
         | Natural versus artificial person is probably irrelevant. (Sole
         | proprietorship _is_ a  "normal non-incorproated human" doing
         | business.) If your personal website is somehow collecting
         | information from non-visitors and then selling it, that's a
         | data broker. In practice, I can't see why or how that would
         | accidentally occur.
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | This makes sense. How would they regulate, for example, sales
           | of ad targeting information (which might be very exact) based
           | on said personal data?
        
           | superkuh wrote:
           | I think your implicit assumption here is that all websites
           | are businesses in some sense? But people often run websites
           | that have no monetary transactions involved (except hosting,
           | domain, etc costs). Since I'm one of these I worry about
           | being forced to delete data just because some random persons
           | who came to my metaphorical backyard BBQ didn't realize there
           | was a metaphorical photographer there taking pictures.
           | 
           | I get the spirit of the law and I'm glad incorporated
           | entities will be regulated. I just anticipate substantial use
           | of the 'Delete Act' for frivolous cases and malicious uses.
           | Much like GDPR. With the good comes the bad.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | It is hard to modify photos without ruining them. If
             | someone's data accidentally gets added to your site, why
             | not just delete it?
        
             | breakingrules wrote:
             | [dead]
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _your implicit assumption here is that all websites are
             | businesses in some sense_
             | 
             | It's not. I'm saying it would be hard for a personal
             | website to accidentally stumble into being a data broker.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | koito17 wrote:
       | From the senate press release,
       | 
       | > The CPPA would create a simple way for Californians to direct
       | all data brokers to delete their personal information, free of
       | charge.
       | 
       | I wonder how something like this would actually be enforced. At
       | the moment I can request my personal information to be deleted,
       | but there is no way for me to determine whether such request was
       | actually fulfilled. Even with this option to direct "all data
       | brokers", the problem remains, and it seems to be briefly
       | acknowledged in this sentence
       | 
       | > Tsukayama said that what most experts in the field agree on is
       | that California law leads the nation in this space, but that it's
       | still barely enforced.
       | 
       | I don't know of any good way to enforce this kind of legislation,
       | even if I totally support it.
        
         | thewebcount wrote:
         | I wonder if some sort of "do not call"-style list that the
         | government keeps would do the trick? The government maintains
         | the list so some company can't say, "We never received any
         | notice from them!" and the government can also audit whether
         | each person on the list has data associated with them in any
         | given company's database. The government would have to audit
         | companies when a consumer contacts them (or just do it
         | periodically for all companies, if that's feasible).
         | 
         | I think the bigger problem is how does a consumer know whether
         | any random company has data on them? I mean, sure, I can figure
         | that Google, Amazon, and Meta probably would be on that list,
         | but the real problem is all the smaller 3rd party resellers of
         | such data. I don't even know their names, let alone how I would
         | figure out if they have info on me.
        
           | digging wrote:
           | It would not work. Not enough people would use it, for myriad
           | reasons.
           | 
           | The real answer is privacy by default. Opt-in for invasive
           | harvesting. The science of design is well enough known that
           | we could even legislate against dark patterns if we wanted
           | to.
        
         | djfm wrote:
         | Random audits in data brokers' data centers?
         | 
         | Software on consumers' devices that records ads seen and file
         | complaints if consumers are still being tracked? It's very easy
         | to detect algorithmically that you're being shown personalized
         | ads.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | One popular (and somewhat successful) legislative strategy is
         | to create a 'private right of action' whereby an injured party
         | can sue an offending one easily by meeting a specific burden of
         | proof - eg if you file a complaint with a data broker and the
         | data is not removed within a defined reasonable period, you can
         | go to court armed with a rebuttable presumption of the broker's
         | liability and claim some statutorily specified amount of
         | compensation. A well-known example would be violations of the
         | Americans with Disabilities Act.
        
           | InitialLastName wrote:
           | The comparison to the ADA is a good one, but it also
           | illustrates the issue of how verifiable the remedies are.
           | It's much easier to prove whether a business has a ramp than
           | that they deleted some piece of data from all of their
           | servers everywhere
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | I think it will be based on availability rather than
             | verification of deletion, but I'm just guessing.
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | It sounds like a recipe for enforcement by lawsuit, which is
         | similar to the ADA for example.
        
           | kevingadd wrote:
           | It's surprisingly tough to find a lawyer willing to file an
           | ada suit. Most search results are for companies to defend
           | against suits, and my local bar association only had one firm
           | to refer me to that didn't return my calls.
        
           | mlyle wrote:
           | In order to enforce by lawsuit, the people who have standing
           | to sue (or a regulator acting on their behalf) need to
           | somehow know that an organization is out of compliance.
           | 
           | For the ADA, you can see whether there's enough parking
           | spaces or whether the ramp is legal or whether you were
           | denied a reasonable accommodation.
           | 
           | Here, there's a mandatory audit mechanism, but it's unclear
           | whether the proper recordkeeping will be required to really
           | allow issues to be spotted at audit.
        
             | d4mi3n wrote:
             | Is there any way to know if any audit mechanism works
             | before it's actually been put into practice?
             | 
             | I share your concerns, but it seems a bit early to worry
             | that auditing + lawsuit enforcement isn't worth giving a
             | spin.
             | 
             | Do we have examples of similar legislation that has or
             | hasn't been successful with similar contexts/enforcement?
             | The closest examples I can think of are in finance, like
             | fair lending laws or SOX compliance; both of which are
             | heavily dependent on auditing data.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | As a sibling commenter puts out, a uniform deletion
               | "certificate" or other notice that could be used as
               | verification of requests would be useful to ensure that
               | audits would have a corresponding record to use to
               | determine what records should not be present.
               | 
               | Then, data broker keeps a list of such deletion notices.
               | 
               | If any of those notices ends up having data still stored,
               | that's a violation. If any customer presents such a
               | certificate but isn't in the list of such notices on the
               | data broker, that could be a violation.
               | 
               | This way there's an effective, enforceable mechanism.
               | Otherwise, a broker can just lose deletion requests
               | entirely and no one would know.
        
         | anticristi wrote:
         | If it's any consolation, it look GDPR 7(-ish) years to make a
         | difference. Hang in there!
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | Yeah, all those annoying "we use cookies" pop-ups are
           | inspiring
        
             | fknorangesite wrote:
             | You're welcome to blame the people putting those pop-ups
             | there, not GDPR.
        
             | bobwaycott wrote:
             | This is at least the billionth time it's been pointed out,
             | but the GDPR is not responsible for those annoying pop-ups.
             | The GDPR is erroneously _blamed_ for them, when in reality,
             | the pop-ups are a deliberate choice made by site operators.
             | Feel free to brush up on the GDPR, the EPD, and how they
             | work together: https://gdpr.eu/cookies/
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | The GDPR is very much responsible. They exist solely
               | because of the GDPR.
               | 
               | And you don't just "brush up" on an 11 chapter 99 section
               | law.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | I don't think the GP is suggesting that the GDPR mandated
               | those shitty popups, I think they're upset that the GDPR
               | _allowed_ them. They 're basically a massive loophole. Of
               | course the site operators are to blame for their
               | individual popups.
               | 
               | That's without addressing the fact that the EPD is what
               | triggered them.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rekoil wrote:
         | > I don't know of any good way to enforce this kind of
         | legislation, even if I totally support it.
         | 
         | What the EU does with GDPR is put a huge fine on actors caught
         | ignoring GDPR deletion requests. It's up to EUR20m or 4% of the
         | companies global turnover, whichever hurts the most.
        
         | frogblast wrote:
         | I was wondering if a "chain of custody" law for personal
         | information can make this enforceable.
         | 
         | You can request your personal information from a holder of it,
         | and along with that comes the identity of where/when/who that
         | data was acquired from (and transitively who they got it from).
         | 
         | Then you can tell who sold it, both to gauge violations and
         | also to name and shame.
         | 
         | And if they don't have the chain of custody, then they are
         | immediately in violation, and it is easily proven.
        
         | emodendroket wrote:
         | I think this is a pretty common problem with any kind of
         | business regulation -- how do I know that a factory isn't just
         | illegally dumping its waste? Regulators are usually working
         | with less complete knowledge than the entities they regulate.
         | You'd have to set up penalties large enough that the risks
         | weren't worth it, but that ironically works better with larger
         | companies since fly-by-night operations are free to just shut
         | down and don't care that much about their reputations.
        
         | scrum-treats wrote:
         | There are relatively simple ways to enforce this. For instance,
         | requiring companies to register all trackers prior to use. And
         | in that registration process specify all metadata that would be
         | collected. Terms of service for implementing trackers in
         | California could include something along the lines of
         | permitting independent E2E auditing of all trackers and any
         | software linked to it, e.g., software related to
         | personalization and feature creation/selection/optimization.
         | 
         | There could also be something like more comprehensive
         | enforcement of "(meta)data flushing," including a tighter turn-
         | around time to ensure customer data that was supposed to be
         | deleted is actually deleted, at more regular intervals. This
         | would better ensure novelty at the time of model training/fine-
         | tuning. These training logs would be audited as well.
         | 
         | Training data size would decrease. It would also act as a
         | natural guard against data hoarding, which disproportionately
         | benefits huge corporations (e.g., Google, Amazon).
         | 
         | Does it make personalization harder? In some ways yes. It also
         | challenges us to invent solutions more sophisticated than "just
         | feed the model more data."
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | Easy way to enforce is to give anyone who reports a breach and
         | provides evidence half of the fine. People will be constantly
         | trying to buy data from the broker that they aren't supposed to
         | have to get the reward. And any time they find something, it's
         | payday.
        
         | SnowProblem wrote:
         | "Data brokers would have to undergo an independent third-party
         | audit every three years to ensure compliance with the DELETE
         | Act provisions and submit audit reports to the California
         | Privacy Protection Agency."
         | 
         | Source: https://privacyrights.org/resources/california-delete-
         | act-bi...
        
           | jerf wrote:
           | Well, I can see how that means well, but this doesn't scale
           | to dozens of other jurisdictions doing the same thing. The
           | audits would have to either be cheap and toothless or
           | impossibly expensive, or, given the dozens of jurisdictions
           | eventually doing these, probably both and other combinations
           | besides. One can only imagine the nightmare of this
           | jurisdiction deciding this bit of data is private, some other
           | jurisdiction deciding it's mandatory to keep (e.g., "you must
           | record this user's legal identity in order to ensure that
           | future data you may receive is also deleted"), and yet a
           | third jurisdiction deciding that it must be deleted but _if
           | and only if_ the user explicitly asks for it in the request.
           | It won 't take much for (real) compliance to exceed what even
           | the big tech companies could afford.
           | 
           | At least something like the EU legislating this covers a
           | significant fraction of the world economy in one go.
        
             | minsc_and_boo wrote:
             | Most jurisdictions copy the main tenets* from each other,
             | to make it easier for actors to enforce in their region -
             | i.e. GDPR -> CCPA.
        
               | chrisweekly wrote:
               | tenets, not tenants
        
       | unpopular42 wrote:
       | I wonder how do they plan for those requests to be authenticated.
       | Easily proving that you are you over the internet is not a solved
       | problem.
        
         | jeppester wrote:
         | One would think that tracking companies are experts in that
         | specific field.
        
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