[HN Gopher] A WiFi color eInk picture frame
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       A WiFi color eInk picture frame
        
       Author : thomasjb
       Score  : 197 points
       Date   : 2023-04-24 16:24 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (spritesmods.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (spritesmods.com)
        
       | fnordian_slip wrote:
       | I didn't even know there are decent e-ink colour displays
       | available. I have to admit that I've been wanting to do something
       | similar for a while, but I've always been too lazy to start, so
       | kudos from me for that project!
       | 
       | I love e-ink in general, it's a shame that it's still so rarely
       | used. My fossil hybrid hr watch uses it, for example, but though
       | the watch itself is incredible, the app is pure garbage. If that
       | weren't the case, I'd recommend it to everyone.
       | 
       | I wonder if there aren't a lot more cases like that, where it
       | seems like costumers don't like the technology, even though they
       | mainly resent the paired implementation of the big players who
       | thought that the technology alone was enough of a selling point,
       | and therefore neglected the software.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | Panels like this have been available on Waveshare for a while.
         | They are fairly inexpensive (sub $100 range) but the refresh
         | time is super slow. For example:
         | 
         | https://www.waveshare.com/product/displays/e-paper/7.3inch-e...
         | 
         | Looks nice, but the full refresh time is like 30s.
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | You can also order many of the same panels directly from the
           | online store of the E-ink company BTW. Not that the prices
           | there are very nice. But it's useful to look up parts and
           | then search for other distributors.
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | > I didn't even know there are decent e-ink colour displays
         | available.
         | 
         | There's a few gotchas here. A lot of those color e-ink displays
         | don't work like a LCD does, where you have R/G/B subpixels per
         | pixel and get to mix final colors out of different intensities.
         | Instead, a "7 color display" really means each pixel can only
         | be one of 7 pixels.
         | 
         | Another gotcha is that in some implementations, the screen
         | refresh will go color by color, so for multi-color content, the
         | refresh time is quite long (as in, you don't have a pixel
         | flipping to blue and another flipping to red concurrently).
         | 
         | This is just to manage expectations -- the result is still very
         | cool.
        
         | hmlwilliams wrote:
         | Don't know whether you're on Android but Gadgetbridge[0] might
         | be the answer to your Fossil app woes
         | 
         | [0]https://codeberg.org/Freeyourgadget/Gadgetbridge/wiki/Fossil
         | ...
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | I wonder if we'll ever see significant improvements in e-ink
       | contrast, which is still very poor. There hasn't been much
       | progress over the last decade. I'd love to have laser-printer-
       | level e-ink.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | For sure, my biggest question is if there are even any
         | theoretical ideas about how to achieve it.
         | 
         | Color is currently dark and so faded-looking, and even the
         | "whites" are so muddy gray, because of the color filter
         | technology. You can improve the number of intermediate color
         | levels and improve the refresh rate, but the contrast and
         | darkness is just an inherent limitation of putting color
         | filters on top of what is otherwise just a regular monochrome
         | e-ink display.
         | 
         | Achieving true CMYK color would require each capsule to contain
         | not just _two_ pigments (white and black) but _five_ (white,
         | black, cyan, magenta, yellow). Two pigments we can do because
         | there exist two electric charges -- the white pigment is
         | charged positive and the black is negative.
         | 
         | But is there any kind of theoretical technology that could
         | toggle _five_ sets of pigments between the top and bottom of
         | each capsule? And indeed, do so in  "subcapsules" at a small
         | enough scale to enable perceptual color mixing, the way
         | subcapsules do for levels of gray now?
         | 
         | The only thing I could imagine is if instead of using pigments
         | inside of capsules, we used actual microscopic physical cubes,
         | since their 6 sides would allow for 5 colors. But how you could
         | assemble and electromagnetically control microscopic cubes
         | 180deg along two axes of movement that were suspended in some
         | way... I can't even imagine.
        
           | jamiek88 wrote:
           | I think theoretically you could use different voltages to
           | 'move' each pigment up and down maybe?
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | There are multi-pigment color e-ink displays that don't use a
           | filter array. E-Ink's ACeP range uses four pigments
           | (CMY+white). The white pigments are reflective, the others
           | are transparent, and you basically sort of sort/stack them
           | with different drive voltages, combining different pigments
           | above white while leaving others below the white layer.
           | 
           | I think OP is dissatisfied even with greyscale e-ink panels,
           | though.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | That's right. I could live with pastel colors for graphics
             | (or with grayscale) if at least the white was white and the
             | black was black.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | Oh wow, TIL. Thank you. Hadn't realized that was a new
             | development. Just looked it up and the physics behind it
             | sounds... extremely complicated.
        
       | phkahler wrote:
       | Solar power? Could enough energy be stored from indoor light to
       | power the daily download? That's about the only improvement I can
       | think of.
        
       | catapart wrote:
       | Wow! There's a dynamite product in here that pairs a daily
       | nagging app and one of these displays so that people are reminded
       | to take a new picture, ever day, and have it show up on someone's
       | (or all subscribed) photo frame.
       | 
       | I'm thinking, like, "take a photo of the kids so it will show up
       | on Grandma's frame" kind of functionality. Though, obviously, it
       | would also be used for porn, so there's a market there, too.
       | 
       | Anyway, very good DIY proof of concept. I hope it's productized
       | with some of the more recent E-Ink updates soon!
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | This display offers a simple API to build applications for it:
         | 
         | https://shop.invisible-computers.com/products/invisible-cale...
         | 
         | https://github.com/Invisible-Computers/image-gallery/blob/ma...
         | 
         | It's black-and-white, but dithering allows to show surprising
         | detail and it brings its very own old-school aesthetic.
         | 
         | The API doesn't require any special knowledge about e-paper
         | displays, it just expects an image URL in the correct
         | resolution and will then render it to the display.
         | 
         | An app can be made public, such that other people who own the
         | display can install it as well.
         | 
         | If you are interested in building an app, contact me at
         | info@invisible-computers.com for a developer account :)
        
           | jamiek88 wrote:
           | Is this for sale still? It shows sold out on the site.
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | I will hopefully have stock again soon.
        
           | leipert wrote:
           | I think it'd be a little more honest if the first sentence
           | started with ,,I offer a display with a simple API".
           | 
           | https://www.invisible-computers.com/imprint.html
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | > If you are interested in building an app, contact me at
             | info@invisible-computers.com for a developer account :)
             | 
             | It's not like I am hiding it? I just didn't think it
             | mattered in that context that this is me.
             | 
             | But I see your point.
        
         | andygcook wrote:
         | If the grandparents enjoy getting physical mail and like hard
         | copy photos to have around the house, then https://nanagram.co
         | is a good option[1] You just text in your photos and they
         | printed and shipped once a month. We use it for my mom to send
         | baby photos and she loves it.
         | 
         | [1] Full disclosure: my older brother built this service, but I
         | don't have an affiliation other than being a proud brother and
         | happy customer.
        
         | c22 wrote:
         | We don't have anything to nag us, but the grandparents and
         | aunts and uncles all have Nixplay[0] frames that we regularly
         | update with photos of the kids.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.nixplay.com/
        
           | johnla wrote:
           | this won't be a popular suggestion but it works for us: We
           | got the grandparents Nest Home Hub display. It's LCD and
           | there's a switch to disable mic and camera but it works
           | really well for photo sharing.
        
           | mthoms wrote:
           | That's cool. Do you know if these are hackable at all? Or do
           | you have to use their service to push pics?
        
             | dexterdog wrote:
             | That is the key on a product like this. $5+/mo for a
             | service to occasionally update photos on a device that is
             | already sold at a profit is robbery.
        
               | c22 wrote:
               | If you're pushing to fewer than 5 frames per account then
               | their free tier works fine. They used to cap the free
               | tier to 1000 photos (we just deleted older photos to keep
               | the collection fresh) but now the free tier supports
               | unlimited photos. I'm sure some day they'll go bust or
               | get bought and it'll stop working but I feel like we've
               | already gotten our money's worth out of it.
        
             | c22 wrote:
             | Honestly I considered trying to hack one but just never
             | managed to put it on the schedule. Early models had some
             | quirks but now they're reliable enough that I haven't found
             | any pain points that would compel me to open one up so if I
             | ever get around to it it'll be just for funsies.
        
           | newhotelowner wrote:
           | I bought one for India. My parents don't have a wifi but they
           | have a smart phone with a data plan. Hoping they will be able
           | to enable access point on their phone to sync photos.
        
       | sigmar wrote:
       | Would absolutely buy a product like this if it had maybe one or
       | two more colors in the display
        
       | Takennickname wrote:
       | That title is nerd porn.
        
         | McGlockenshire wrote:
         | The entire site is nerd porn.
         | 
         | If you haven't read the one where he installs Linux on a hard
         | disk, here it is: https://spritesmods.com/?art=hddhack
        
           | skinkestek wrote:
           | On one of the hard disk controller chips that is..?
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | Oh cool. Reminds me of the Commodore 64 days; there was a
             | floppy disk copy program that could run using the drive's
             | controller. Since the floppy drive had its own power supply
             | that meant you could actually turn the computer off and
             | copy floppies. It was pretty pointless but just a cool
             | trick.
        
       | jhoelzel wrote:
       | For a minute i had my hopes up there! I actually tried to build a
       | wall of those and a motion activated picture wall for me and my
       | fiance in order to have a wall of living memories.
       | 
       | The problem i ran into is that you simply cant get them in decent
       | sizes, or with a satisfying enough resolution.
        
       | thih9 wrote:
       | Impressive DIY project.
       | 
       | Still, as a person with no intention to DIY, I'm looking forward
       | to a simple eink photo frame product.
       | 
       | Crucially, something that works out of the box and is shipping
       | now (so: no Kickstarter, no need to write custom scripts, etc).
        
         | jkestner wrote:
         | Might be waiting a while. What are you willing to pay for that
         | product?
         | 
         | Personally, I'd like to see more products that repurpose old
         | phones and tablets while scratching that "new object" itch.
        
           | thih9 wrote:
           | Hard to set a price without knowing the details (screen size,
           | UX, etc). Roughly, for a well reviewed product like this, I'd
           | be willing to pay something in the iPad mini - iPad pro
           | range.
           | 
           | Repurposing here would mean regular screen, i.e. not eink;
           | I'm not interested in that.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | Thousands of price tags at my local grocery stores use color eink
       | screens like this. Not sure how colourful they are but they at
       | least have red.
       | 
       | It's a neat idea. To be able to remotely set all tags once
       | they've been properly localized.
        
       | andai wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/H0log
        
       | notfried wrote:
       | Or you can buy Soldered's:
       | https://soldered.com/product/inkplate-6color-with-enclosure-...
        
         | spullara wrote:
         | How does this look in real life?
         | 
         | 5.85-inch, 600x488 pixel electronic paper with the ability to
         | display 7 different colors
         | 
         | Does the dithering work well enough for a photo?
        
           | ycuser2 wrote:
           | I have built one by myself with a waveshare display. The
           | dithering is visible and the contrast is bad. But from
           | distance it is not noticeble.
        
             | smith7018 wrote:
             | I've done the same and I'd say that it didn't produce a
             | great result. I did it for my father as a gift and while I
             | liked the project because of the novelty of 7 color eInk
             | tech, the image was low res, dithered, and tinted yellow.
             | My father was grateful but he probably would've liked a
             | normal LCD display lol
        
         | kfarr wrote:
         | Another great option is Pimoroni's combo eink display + pico w
         | https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/inky-frame-7-3?variant=40...
        
           | sudobash1 wrote:
           | How is the battery life on the Pimoroni? I've used RPi Picos
           | before, and I love working with them, but IIRC they are
           | comparatively power-hungry, even in deep sleep.
        
             | niko1 wrote:
             | Power consumption of the Inky Frames in deep sleep is
             | minimal as power to the Pico is cut completely. An RTC is
             | kept powered to wake up the Pico on a schedule, or pressing
             | any button will wake up the board too.
        
             | kfarr wrote:
             | Haven't tested this particular one but using the badger
             | eink display has been a blast. Super low power -- you can
             | run that one off of a lithium coin cell battery. You can
             | control when it wakes. I presume this one will draw more
             | with a larger color screen and wireless, but again you can
             | control when and how it wakes to balance power draw vs.
             | more frequent updates.
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Why aren't there any CMYK screens?
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | Or this one, which has less of a hacker aesthetic.
         | 
         | https://shop.invisible-computers.com/products/invisible-cale...
         | 
         | It also comes with software out of the box
        
           | leipert wrote:
           | You could at least disclaim that you are the CEO, at least on
           | your HN profile.
           | 
           | https://www.invisible-computers.com/imprint.html
        
           | bearjaws wrote:
           | That frame makes it look like ancient technology rather than
           | 'picture frame'.
        
             | iforgotpassword wrote:
             | It's wood, not exactly something I associate with ancient
             | technology!?
        
             | jamiek88 wrote:
             | I know, right? What a hideous frame.
             | 
             | It somehow makes the screen look worse!
             | 
             | I smile fondly and lightly jab at hackers complete lack of
             | concern for aesthetics.
        
               | konschubert wrote:
               | Puh, that's harsh. But you are right, the frame is too
               | wide. I am trying to make it narrower.
        
           | jmm5 wrote:
           | Looks like it's black and white?
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | Yes, it is!
        
       | squarefoot wrote:
       | "... With only 7 colors and a refresh time of about a minute ..."
       | 
       | Ouch, even worse than expected. The project is interesting, but
       | I'm totally unimpressed by these numbers; I wouldn't pay a
       | premium for a sub par display that is slow as a dead sloth. A
       | traditional LED screen plus some tricks to save power would make
       | a much better picture frame IMO. I would for example use a
       | PIR/microwave sensor (they're cheap!) to detect when someone is
       | approaching or stationing near the picture frame to bring the CPU
       | back from sleep and turn on the display and backlight. It would
       | never reach the same almost zero current draw of a epaper screen,
       | but the quality gain paired with the lower cost would probably
       | make it a viable alternative.
        
       | sho_hn wrote:
       | I made something similar recently, albeit not in color:
       | 
       | https://imgur.com/a/NoTr8XX /
       | https://hackaday.io/project/190478-hyepaper
        
         | xiwenc wrote:
         | I also created something similar:
         | https://www.linkedin.com/posts/xiwen_color-e-ink-photoframe-...
         | 
         | Didnt get a chance to write an article about it. My original
         | goal was to create a bunch of these (30x40 units) and hang them
         | up on a wall like a large tile screen.
         | 
         | A controller would update this tiled wall dynamically.
         | 
         | Also the look of the frames were intended to disguise as
         | regular photo frames.
        
       | SillyUsername wrote:
       | This is the same e-ink device I believe that's in the Pimoroni
       | Inky Impression.
       | 
       | I've written a Python program that anecdotally fixes the bias
       | caused by the display for blues and greens, and dithers using an
       | Atkinson dither. The code is based on some older Java
       | implementation I wrote, but if you are considering a port to C
       | this is more succinct (entry point diffuse_image()):
       | 
       | https://github.com/KodeMunkie/inky-impression-slideshow/blob...
       | 
       | The fix is to define the ink's blue as a slightly different hue
       | than the device specifications, which tends to over emphasise it
       | - improving it - when it comes to shades like sky blue (which the
       | display can't achieve). So instead of (perhaps) being quantised
       | to green, which is closer colour match for the actual real hue,
       | more blue is shown instead. Whilst this is incorrect for
       | photographic colour accuracy, if you don't know what the original
       | photo looks like it appears to be correct and better than the
       | colour that is typically chosen (green).
        
         | SillyUsername wrote:
         | I've not run the code in a while but you can find a screenshot
         | here: https://user-
         | images.githubusercontent.com/13253888/166610362... (nb. isn't
         | of actual display, but gives you an idea of quality)
         | 
         | and a bit of discussion early on about the colour issues:
         | https://github.com/pimoroni/inky/issues/115
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing! Atkinson dithering is a great choice for
         | these panels. What the result lacks in detail it gains in
         | contrast, and since e-ink panels don't have the greatest
         | contrast ratios it's a good match.
         | 
         | Sierra dithering is a nice compromise between Atkinson and
         | basic Floyd-Steinberg.
        
       | squokko wrote:
       | Don't see the advantage of eInk for a digital photo frame.
       | Presumably these stay in one spot and can be left plugged in?
       | Would think that a bright LED display would give much better
       | picture quality.
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | > _left plugged in_
         | 
         | Some people do not like the idea of powering a device they are
         | not actively using. If you are not watching the piece, a
         | <<bright LED display>> seems like a waste of energy.
        
         | adamckay wrote:
         | But you can put them in places in your home where it's not
         | practical or aesthetic to run cabling to plug them in (e.g.
         | fireplace mantel or hung up on a wall) and have a battery life
         | that is measured in weeks or months rather than days.
         | 
         | You'd be right about the superior picture quality, though, but
         | as the common use would be family photos that you see in
         | passing to make you smile and may be quick snaps, the quality
         | of e-ink is likely to be enough when it's a quick photo of your
         | loved ones.
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | Personally I prefer using e-ink panels for my home DIY projects
         | because I'm sensitive to light polution - I don't want half my
         | home to constantly be glowing at me from every direction. E-ink
         | panels are not emissive, so they don't have this problem.
         | 
         | I'm even pretty annoyed at spurious LEDs. I appreciate for
         | example that Sonos speakers let you turn off their status LEDs.
         | It just makes the ambiance calmer.
         | 
         | The exception is very interactive stuff like
         | https://hackaday.io/project/190477-hyelicht where I used an LCD
         | for the embedded touchscreen in the shelf, but powered down
         | unless you touch it.
        
         | ycuser2 wrote:
         | Personaly, I don't like light emitting photo frames because I
         | always get the feeling of "that's a display showing a photo,
         | not a photo".
        
       | alexose wrote:
       | I think the world of homebrow eInk devices is set to take off.
       | 
       | The problem right now is that while the screens have come down in
       | price considerably, the driver hardware remains expensive and
       | proprietary. If you want to build something for cheap, you'll be
       | designing the PCB from scratch (as this author did).
       | 
       | Enter EPDIY, which brings wide support to a variety of screens
       | using commodity hardware. It's still under development, but it's
       | looking really promising: https://github.com/vroland/epdiy
        
       | anupmm wrote:
       | Hi Thomas - Really cool project and website. Just wanted to give
       | you an unsolicited pat on the back to keep doing amazing things!!
        
         | thomasjb wrote:
         | It's not by me, I just submitted the link when I saw it
        
       | stavros wrote:
       | I made something similar with the LilyGo T5 the other day:
       | 
       | https://www.stavros.io/posts/making-the-timeframe/
       | 
       | You can probably adapt the code to drive this display, and it
       | displays an image from a remote server, so all you need is an
       | HTTP server and you can easily display whatever you want.
        
       | crzysdrs wrote:
       | If anyone wants to make a similar project, there is a great Rust
       | API to most of the Waveshare displays[0] (I added support for the
       | display mentioned in the article, 5in65f).
       | 
       | I also made a project[1] with it that generates art using a
       | gameboy emulator and some static images and other transforms to
       | show on the display.
       | 
       | [0] https://github.com/caemor/epd-waveshare
       | 
       | [1] https://github.com/crzysdrs/slate
        
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       (page generated 2023-04-24 23:00 UTC)