[HN Gopher] Statement on EU-US Cooperation on Turning Public Opi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Statement on EU-US Cooperation on Turning Public Opinion Against
       Encryption
        
       Author : pera
       Score  : 396 points
       Date   : 2023-04-24 15:41 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.globalencryption.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.globalencryption.org)
        
       | bdg wrote:
       | Can we force politicans to put their money in the first
       | unencrypted bank for the first year as a dry-run of some wakened
       | encryption future?
        
       | Slava_Propanei wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | noelsusman wrote:
       | >As we have stated in the past, there is no effective way to
       | weaken encryption for some use cases such as law enforcement
       | while keeping it strong for others.
       | 
       | I've never been fully satisfied by this assertion.
       | 
       | Apple has the ability to push whatever code it wants to whatever
       | device it wants. They can make a version of iOS that bypasses
       | encryption and restrict it to only run on devices identified by a
       | warrant. They could post it on GitHub and it wouldn't matter
       | because iPhones would refuse to run the code if it had been
       | modified by somebody other than Apple to run on any device. You
       | would need Apple's internal code signing keys to actually do any
       | damage.
       | 
       | Currently, the security of your iPhone is dependent on Apple's
       | internal security. If that gets compromised then your phone can
       | be compromised. In a world where law enforcement can get a
       | warrant to force Apple to unlock a specific iPhone, the security
       | of your phone is still dependent on Apple's internal security.
       | Nothing changes for anyone not targeted by a warrant.
       | 
       | You don't need to give law enforcement a universal backdoor key
       | to enable them to execute warrants on devices. What am I missing?
        
         | generalizations wrote:
         | To the degree that they can do it, they can only do that
         | because they own both the hardware and the software, and they
         | are tightly integrated.
         | 
         | You need hardware that can securely hold secrets; you need
         | software to detect tampering and tell the hardware about it;
         | you need software that the hardware trusts to communicate with
         | apple servers. Without the whole integrated pipeline from local
         | secrets cache to apple servers, protected because it's all
         | owned and managed by the same secret-keeper, what apple does
         | can't be done.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | > They can make a version of iOS that bypasses encryption and
         | restrict it to only run on devices identified by a warrant.
         | 
         | Of course. Apple could absolutely do this and undermine any
         | trust people have in them in seconds if they want to.
         | 
         | Didn't they pass a law in Australia requiring corporations to
         | do exactly what you describe? I remember reading news here
         | about several corporations just moving off of Australia as a
         | result of the inherent untrustworthiness of any system where
         | the government can compel any party you're doing business with
         | to ship you malware.
        
         | rekoil wrote:
         | > What am I missing?
         | 
         | The fact that this is not how security on iPhones works at all.
         | 
         | There are unencrypted partitions of the storage yes, which
         | means the device can boot into iOS without any user password,
         | but the ones containing user data are encrypted and an OS
         | update can at best remove the limit on how fast or how many
         | times you can attempt to unlock the user data (or rather the
         | Secure Enclave which stores the actual key for the user data).
         | 
         | Sure, if you have a 4-6 digit PIN code this is then quickly
         | unlocked in that scenario you're talking about, but if you have
         | an alphanumeric password you can make that attack completely
         | infeasible.
         | 
         | Bottom line is there is no way for Apple to make a version of
         | iOS that completely bypasses encryption, encryption doesn't
         | work like that.
         | 
         | They could, I guess, make a version which silently checks if
         | it's host devices serial number is in a certain list provided
         | by e.g. law enforcement, and then silently removes the SEP
         | encryption, IF the user unlocks the device AFTER that software
         | is installed. But they would have to secretly add this code to
         | the normal iOS releases which would severely compromise their
         | customers data en masse if they did it this way, or create a
         | way to push a specific build over the air to a specific device
         | (which actually doesn't sound that far-fetched honestly, now
         | that I'm thinking about it), without alerting the user that
         | they are installing a backdoor for law enforcement.
         | 
         | I don't think that's feasible either way, because it would
         | quickly come out that they've done that and once the cat's out
         | of the bag they are losing big bucks, and would be criminals
         | will simply stop installing updates on their iPhones.
        
           | tremon wrote:
           | _an OS update can at best remove the limit on how fast or how
           | many times you can attempt to unlock the user data_
           | 
           | Wouldn't an OS update be able to store the user password in a
           | plain text file on the non-encrypted partitions? I don't
           | think those partitions are hardwired to be readonly until the
           | rest of the system is unlocked?
        
         | 2h wrote:
         | great idea. while we are at it, we should also require that the
         | police have a key to your house and vehicle, as well as your
         | debit card pin number and, email password, and bank password.
         | 
         | its necessary security, so you agree with this correct?
        
         | lovecg wrote:
         | In the current world Apple is not actually able to compromise
         | your iPhone, warrant or not, by design (remember the whole FBI
         | debacle?). Encryption is done through separate hardware on the
         | phone that they can't remotely bypass. In the world you're
         | proposing they would have to be legally compelled to engineer a
         | weaker system. That's the problem.
        
           | noelsusman wrote:
           | I could be wrong but I don't remember Apple claiming it was
           | literally impossible for them to open an iPhone. If that were
           | true then Apple wouldn't have had to fight them at all. The
           | government can't force you to do impossible things.
           | 
           | Apple objected to being compelled to create the tooling to
           | bypass an iPhone's security. That implies they can do it
           | whenever they want, they just choose not to.
        
             | rekoil wrote:
             | They could create a build with unlock attempts removed,
             | making it possible to brute-force weaker unlock schemes.
             | That's what they didn't want to do because if they created
             | something like that they would lose a lot of customers.
        
               | acchow wrote:
               | Are unlock attempt limits not built into the security
               | chip?
        
           | WeylandYutani wrote:
           | You already can't sideload Signal on an iPhone. The Apple
           | store is a single point of failure that's being ignored by
           | too many.
        
       | CrampusDestrus wrote:
       | I have no problem with the police hacking into devices. They have
       | the right to use bugs and find exploits just like they have the
       | right to pick a safe of force a door.
       | 
       | But backdoors and unacceptable, that's like mandating that every
       | house have microphones in every room connected to the police
       | center
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | This is problematic if, as is often the case, it leads to
         | keeping vulnerabilities undisclosed, so that they can continue
         | to exploit them. This gives bad actors more opportunity to find
         | and exploit the same vulnerabilities, and it gives security
         | companies that find vulnerabilities the incentive to sell their
         | services to the police and to government agencies instead of
         | informing the software manufacturer.
        
           | rekoil wrote:
           | There's a solution to this problem for the big actors. Bug
           | bounty programs that pay as well or better than the likes of
           | NSO group.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | This is limited by the "big actor's" perceived benefit of
             | catching the bugs. They are already known to not be overly
             | generous. Conversely, security companies can potentially
             | monetize the same vulnerability over and over.
        
         | Kim_Bruning wrote:
         | 1984 was a warning, not a manual!
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescreen
        
           | rodolphoarruda wrote:
           | I finished reading the book yesterday. I truly believe Orwell
           | was a time traveler. (joke) The parallels between Oceania and
           | some nations of the world nowadays is infinite.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | nullsense wrote:
             | Now every time I see a war or natural disaster story on the
             | 6 o'clock news I have the movie adaptation's voice in my
             | head saying "Oceania is continually at war with East Asia"
        
         | sroussey wrote:
         | It's like having a computer in every car, connected to the
         | internet. And the police asking who was speeding yesterday.
        
         | dalbasal wrote:
         | There comes a point where reasoning about rights by analogy
         | loses its bite... imo.
         | 
         | Digital rights, digital ownership, digital business models,
         | privacy, security, speech, digital policing... they're all very
         | different from their analog analogs.
         | 
         | The differences between A & B are less pronounced in the
         | digital realm.
         | 
         | Police hacking into devices has more in common, practically and
         | culturally, with signals intelligence than it does with
         | ordinary policing.
         | 
         | I don't disagree with you. I just don't agree that "it's very
         | simple." We need to invent or adopt novel concepts, not insist
         | that nothing has changed.
        
         | codedokode wrote:
         | What about banning end-to-end encryption while allowing client-
         | server encryption like HTTPS?
        
         | totetsu wrote:
         | I was thinking about this today. Like we watch a moive about
         | cold war times and see the gmen or the stasi doing some
         | unbelievable intrusive surveillance and think wow what times
         | they would have been to live in, and at the same time my every
         | movement for the past 10 years when I had a cellphone in my
         | pocket is in a database somewhere and I barely think about it.
        
           | ulnarkressty wrote:
           | Or, we watch a movie like 24 where the protagonist is asking
           | his agency buddies to hack random computers while straight up
           | torturing people to get information - and we cheer for him.
        
           | AlecSchueler wrote:
           | I think the difference is that in those situations the people
           | had no say in what was and wasn't acceptable and some of the
           | things we take for granted as basic freedoms may have been
           | outlawed and targeted. This is why you can feel comfortable
           | with it but they could not: there's not a huge disparity
           | between what you want to do or say and what you're allowed to
           | do or say, and you feel the punishment for doing or saying as
           | you shouldn't is acceptable.
        
           | pmarreck wrote:
           | "The Lives of Others" is a great movie about this. Apparently
           | they used authentic early-80's-era spying gear in that movie.
        
       | fatcat500 wrote:
       | Interesting how our leaders see their role not as representing
       | our interests, but in shaping our interests. There exists an
       | entire subject in political science dealing with how to increase
       | compliance with the schemes of regulators (see Nudge Theory).
       | 
       | The mistake they make is a classic short-run vs. long-run
       | miscalculation. In the short-run, you can get away with these
       | kinds of tactics to increase compliance. For example, running
       | talking points on the MSM works well. They run the talking points
       | and in the next days, everyone is parroting what they heard on
       | the news, as if it's their own views.
       | 
       | But in the long-run, people will become more familiar with these
       | tactics, such that they will become less effective (e.g. waning
       | trust in the media). They are burning through the cultural &
       | social capital which sustain these institutions (like the MSM or
       | academia), and don't realize that once it runs out, they will no
       | longer have these levers and buttons at their disposal.
       | 
       | At that point, the only way to increase compliance is with force.
       | And once you go down that road, it becomes extremely clear to
       | those wielding that force, just how precarious their situation is
       | (e.g. Maduro assassination attempts). That is how totalitarianism
       | takes root, fear of the people.
        
         | 2-718-281-828 wrote:
         | > Interesting how our leaders see their role not as
         | representing our interests, but in shaping our interests.
         | 
         | I mean that's what "leader" means at the end of the day. Of
         | course, though, leader isn't the only way to refer to
         | politicians. In German leader translates literally to Fuhrer
         | ... which isn't really used since the ultimate demise of Herr
         | Schickelgruber. We also use "Reprasentant" whose English
         | counterpart is obvious. Also some people believe that
         | politicians are supposed to know what's going on and what to do
         | - even me - question is where a line is crossed.
         | 
         | > But in the long-run, people will become more familiar with
         | these tactics, such that they will become less effective
         | 
         | I doubt that given those tactics have been continuously applied
         | since ever.
         | 
         | > e.g. waning trust in the media
         | 
         | yes, but the result is simply new media channels and outlets
         | which are supposedly more trustworthy. those abusive
         | politicians we are talking about here will play those media
         | entities like an instrument and simply switch where ever they
         | expect to get the most attention.
         | 
         | > They are burning through the cultural & social capital which
         | sustain these institutions (like the MSM or academia), and
         | don't realize that once it runs out, they will no longer have
         | these levers and buttons at their disposal.
         | 
         | They won't need those levers and button anymore. Abusive power
         | hungry politicians belong to an elite whose end game is a
         | totalitarian state for them to parasitize. At that point
         | everybody has to believe or at least shut up ... or men will
         | come and take them away.
         | 
         | > At that point, the only way to increase compliance is with
         | force.
         | 
         | Exactly.
         | 
         | > And once you go down that road, it becomes extremely clear to
         | those wielding that force, just how precarious their situation
         | is (e.g. Maduro assassination attempts).
         | 
         | One can argue that most totalitarian states end badly but that
         | can take a while. Criminals also do criminal things despite
         | bleak prospects. One might argue they are statistically stupid
         | for being criminal just to have a good time for a while. But
         | that's just your sane point of view. For people who _are_ of
         | criminal mindset (and I consider politicians with totalitarian
         | inclination effectively to that group) really enjoy their life
         | style.
         | 
         | > That is how totalitarianism takes root, fear of the people.
         | 
         | This and fear of the goverment.
        
           | fwungy wrote:
           | Historically once people recognize the media is not
           | trustworthy they discount it. You see this in the former USSR
           | countries. People don't take the media seriously like they do
           | in the west.
        
             | kmeisthax wrote:
             | Yes, and this is very exploitable by dictators and those
             | wanting to become such. If you can't get people to buy into
             | your propaganda paper you can at least get them to buy into
             | nothing at all, detach themselves from any notion of
             | objective reality, and accept all complicity with whatever
             | war crimes the regime wishes you to commit.
             | 
             | The most dangerous situation for a dictator is to be faced
             | with multiple independent and competing sources of truth
             | that all disagree with you, because they will propagandize
             | your subjects away from you quite quickly.
        
             | WeylandYutani wrote:
             | Lol explain Fox news.
        
           | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
           | >> Interesting how our leaders see their role not as
           | representing our interests, but in shaping our interests.
           | 
           | > I mean that's what "leader" means at the end of the day.
           | 
           | I disagree with this sentence.
           | 
           | Many minor leadership positions and a generation of parenting
           | taught me that leadership is an act of service. My purpose is
           | to help coordinate the fulfillment of others' needs. If I
           | ever forget that, I will have lost my way.
        
           | Slava_Propanei wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | mrburnssama wrote:
         | We saw a master class of this during the last 3 years of the
         | "pandemic".
         | 
         | I find it frightening how western liberal countries are
         | becoming more and more like China, possibly in an attempt to
         | beat them.
        
           | davidjones332 wrote:
           | Not quite, communism is both china and american woke
           | morality. The same force is shaping and controlling both
           | china and usa.
        
         | Arnt wrote:
         | Well, our leaders serve two goals: The voters' will and the
         | fairness of the law.
         | 
         | Nothing requires to vox populi of some issue to agree with its
         | own opinion of five minutes ago, or its own current opinion in
         | a similar issue. Your opinion as voter can be as fickle as it
         | pleases you. The law requires fairness, though, and our leaders
         | are the unfortunates whose job it is to tell the voters about
         | the longer-term principles and try to shape people's opinions.
         | To make them less fickle and more principled.
         | 
         | Now, _which_ principle? I don 't mind if a particular
         | politician or party tries to shape voters' opinions around the
         | principles in that politician's or party's program.
        
         | jameshart wrote:
         | > There exists an entire subject in political science dealing
         | with how to increase compliance with the schemes of regulators
         | (see Nudge Theory).
         | 
         | It's a very cynical view of the potential for human government
         | that believes there is no way that the democratic will of the
         | people affects what goals 'regulators' pursue.
         | 
         | Consider the possibility perhaps that the point of government
         | is to overcome the prisoner's dilemma and move people into a
         | better collective equilibrium than they will naturally settle
         | into. Nudges can be a useful tool for creating better outcomes
         | for everyone.
         | 
         | In theory, at least.
        
           | blitz_skull wrote:
           | I read this as "The government's role is to nudge people into
           | what the government determines is better than the people's
           | natural inclination."
           | 
           | Did I understand that correctly? If I did, I don't think
           | anyone would disagree... in theory. The problem is there's no
           | standard way to measure and certainly no agreement on what
           | that collective equilibrium should be.
           | 
           | Until we figure that out--no thanks. I'll take my naturally
           | not-as-optimized freedom without the government's input.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | Your point of view falls apart when crime enters the
             | picture.
             | 
             | Criminal law is just another form of regulation. Somehow we
             | decided that taking cocaine is a crime. And that pedophiles
             | are criminals. And then government tries to ensure
             | compliance with criminal law.
             | 
             | People generally agree that it is fit and proper for
             | government to act, through education and other means, to
             | ensure most people aren't criminals.
             | 
             | You might say: "well criminal law is different - but is it?
             | 
             | Someone spent 8 years in jail for sending lobster in an
             | incorrect container. Not a live lobster, a dead one.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | I think the difference is criminal law seeks compliance
               | with the laws as they are, but this manufacturing of
               | consent seeks compliance on bills when the elecorate may
               | well note vote in their favour otherwise. Does that make
               | sense? In one case they do what the public has told them
               | and in the other they're telling the public what to do.
               | As public servants the first should be acceptable but the
               | latter now.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | I am not sure the difference is as real as it seems
               | 
               | No-one specifically voted for the patriot act, no one was
               | elected on promices of passing it, yet it became law.
               | 
               | In Britain they are considering a law to ban drivers
               | under 25 from carrying any children in the car. Noone has
               | ever voted for this.
               | 
               | https://www.fleetnews.co.uk/news/company-car-tax-and-
               | legisla...
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | Isn't that because we're manufacturing consent?
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | Not everyone wants to follow criminal laws 100% of the
               | time.
               | 
               | If someone wants to punch you in the face just how
               | "optimized" do you want their freedom to do so, without
               | legal consequences, be? Aka how many "nudges" should be
               | in place to make that harder to get away with? If you
               | don't want to get punched, you want people to think
               | there'd be consequences, that bystanders would tell on
               | them, etc. All those "nudges" need to be stronger than
               | the "snitches get stitches" and similar nudges from the
               | other side.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | > Someone spent 8 years in jail for sending lobster in an
               | incorrect container. Not a live lobster, a dead one.
               | 
               | I feel this isn't a terrific example as it doesn't seem
               | to be true.
               | 
               | "The notion the case was about packaging is incorrect,'
               | [the prosecutor] said. 'Packaging was the means by which
               | the crime was concealed. It was the mechanism to conceal
               | the extent of overharvesting."
               | 
               | ref: https://web.archive.org/web/20210603000400/https://w
               | ww.eenew...
               | 
               | US Gov's overzealous prosecution of Aaron Swartz on
               | behalf of major publishers (and major donors) might work
               | better. That involves creating law and the exercise of
               | gov power, both of which were granted to the copyright
               | interests behind influential lobbyists.
        
             | pintxo wrote:
             | Guess the problem is, there is a whole other group of
             | parties how are manipulating us to act towards their
             | interests. And I would say it's clear that they are winning
             | (see for example obesity, opioids).
             | 
             | So I don't think we should handle this as a yes no
             | question.
        
             | 13415 wrote:
             | I've had similar criticisms to nudging, that it's basically
             | just the same as advertising exploiting human biases, and
             | that it's not really conducive to insight and a better
             | political culture. It is kind of paternalistic. However,
             | most real-world applications of nudging I've seen were
             | uncontroversially beneficial. As a typical example,
             | markings on roads can be spaced and designed in ways that
             | make drivers slow down in danger zones, thereby reducing
             | accidents. I've been to a number of talks about nudging
             | over the years and know people working in that area, and
             | have never seen an example where the term was used for
             | "shaping public opinions", let alone shaping political
             | opinions.
        
         | hayst4ck wrote:
         | > but in shaping our interests.
         | 
         | The more educated you are, the more you realize people don't
         | know that much. If everyone could see the consequences of their
         | beliefs and actions, governments wouldn't need to exist. Public
         | education/shaping interests _can_ be a good thing.
         | 
         | Shaping someone's opinion of sugary food or smoking cigarettes,
         | or the negative effects of various drugs or any other number of
         | things can be good. Informing the public of foreign adversaries
         | fomenting and supporting fascism via bot networks promoting
         | hatred and division is a national security issue. Good faith
         | information from places of intellectual authority is positive
         | for society.
         | 
         | The problem is not the government shaping interests, the
         | problem is who is the government shaping interests _for_.
         | 
         | In a democracy supposedly the government acts on behalf of the
         | people, but we do not live in a democracy, the west is largely
         | plutocratic. Governments represent billionaires (not literally
         | billionaires, but the wealthy). That's why our government
         | promotes socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor.
         | Because the government works on behalf of those with money.
         | 
         | This is not a casual statement. This is the product of our
         | voting system. Before anyone gets to vote on any candidates,
         | candidates must fund raise to win a primary. Before any person
         | votes on candidates, money votes on candidates. So our
         | government is responsive to money, because money votes first.
         | 
         | So it is not the government shaping interests, but the
         | government using force on behalf of the wealthy that is
         | problematic.
         | 
         | All political roads lead to a central problem: The rich are too
         | rich and therefore cannot be bound by law and are able to
         | coerce the government to act on their behalf.
        
         | thatguy0900 wrote:
         | I worry that the advent of an entirely mechanized military with
         | robot infantry will be the end of the leaders ever being in a
         | precarious situation
        
           | staunton wrote:
           | I really don't think that's necessary. So far there has never
           | been a lack of people willing to commit atrocities when
           | ordered to under the right conditions.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > Interesting how our leaders see their role not as
         | representing our interests, but in shaping our interests.
         | 
         | Someone called it "Manufacturing consent". I think this name
         | describes it pretty good.
         | 
         | What these politicians do not seem to underestand is that those
         | law may turn against them at a later point in time.
        
           | AniseAbyss wrote:
           | [dead]
        
           | jruohonen wrote:
           | Securitization is a common one too.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | > What these politicians do not seem to underestand is that
           | those law may turn against them at a later point in time.
           | 
           | Those laws are _incredibly unlikely_ to be turned against
           | elites and former elites, and if a situation[1] ever arose
           | where they would be, a lack of these laws on the books would
           | not save them.
           | 
           | Populist uprisings are about the only things that elites are
           | scared of, and these kinds of laws help prevent them[2].
           | 
           | [1] That kind of situation would require a complete and utter
           | breakdown of the elite social contract. Things would have to
           | get unrecognizably bad before we are at that point.
           | 
           | [2] Ever notice how, say, pro-gun politicians tend to want
           | guns to be everywhere _except near them_? As a class, they
           | aren 't interested in dealing with the consequences of their
           | policies.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | On the other hand, technical capabilities are highly likely
             | to be used against elites and former elites; there often
             | are situations where a country's police or intelligence
             | communities are opposed to some political parties, so if
             | there are backdoors in everyone's (including politicians)
             | communications, they should rightly fear that their phones
             | will be abused by their political opponents.
        
             | lockhouse wrote:
             | > Ever notice how, say, pro-gun politicians tend to want
             | guns to be everywhere except near them? As a class, they
             | aren't interested in dealing with the consequences of their
             | policies.
             | 
             | I've also noticed that anti-gun politicians tend to have
             | armed security teams with them.
             | 
             | I'm not giving up my guns until they do.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | You're assuming that your guns will protect you from
               | random acts of gun violence, which they won't. _It 's why
               | those politicians have security teams, as opposed to
               | personal guns_. What they are doing is completely
               | rational in a country where it happens, frequently.
               | 
               | Unlike their counterparts, they are actually trying to
               | solve the problem, instead of hypocritically exacerbating
               | it.
               | 
               | If you're going to hold someone accountable, why not make
               | your support of the pro-gun ones conditional on them
               | providing _you_ with a security team?
        
           | nickstinemates wrote:
           | Today it is their problem. Tomorrow it's someone else's.
           | That's basically how the US has been operating for at least
           | my lifetime.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | oh they understand that. They are just scheming to make sure
           | they are on the right side. Politicians are hated all around
           | but most of the time, they are people who are willing to take
           | massive personal risks.
        
           | 8n4vidtmkvmk wrote:
           | or instantly. politicians are people and I'm pretty sure they
           | use phones. if a backdoor is added it will almost instantly
           | be used against them I'm sure. even well meaning apps are
           | hacked.
        
             | lockhouse wrote:
             | This is where you're wrong. Inconvenient rules don't apply
             | to them. They can engage in insider training and enrich
             | themselves. They can disarm the public while they are
             | protected by armed security. They will lay our secrets bare
             | while maintaining theirs.
             | 
             | They will use national security as an excuse to keep their
             | encryption while taking ours away.
        
               | quantum_state wrote:
               | Progressively... politician has become the new used-car-
               | salesman as a profession ...
        
             | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
             | It's a moral obligation to do this to those who impose
             | restrictions like this on the public.
        
           | ugurnot wrote:
           | "Manifacturing Consent" is a book written by Edward S. Herman
           | and Noam Chomsky. They discuss the propaganda model of
           | communication in much broader sense.
        
             | dekken_ wrote:
             | Don't forget about
             | 
             | > "The Engineering of Consent" is an essay by Edward
             | Bernays first published in 1947,
        
               | germinalphrase wrote:
               | "Crystallizing Public Opinion" (1923) is another
               | important Bernays text.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | And he surely knows what he is talking about.
        
               | RobotToaster wrote:
               | "Inventing Reality" by Michael Parenti is another book on
               | the subject.
        
               | wahnfrieden wrote:
               | barthes mythologies
        
               | gverrilla wrote:
               | The Society of the Spectacle, Guy Debord
        
             | hackandthink wrote:
             | "Die vierte Gewalt - Wie Mehrheitsmeinung gemacht wird,
             | auch wenn sie keine ist"
             | 
             | https://www.fischerverlage.de/buch/richard-david-precht-
             | hara...
        
               | sveme wrote:
               | Richard David Precht is a poor caricature of a French
               | public intellectual figure and loves to create outrage to
               | stay relevant. He lives off the same mainstream media
               | that he criticizes.
        
             | fwungy wrote:
             | The Century of Self is a BBC documentary about Bernays and
             | his propaganda models. It's quite good and available on yt.
        
               | JakeAl wrote:
               | Watch everything by Adam Curtis. Century of the Self, The
               | Trap and The Power of Nightmares specifically.
               | 
               | https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0193231/
        
           | neo_matrix wrote:
           | The term "Manufacturing consent" was coined by Noam Chomsky,
           | American philosopher.
        
             | herbstein wrote:
             | It wasn't. Noam Chomsky readily acknowledges that it was
             | coined by Walter Lippmann in 1922's "Public Opinion".
        
               | acqq wrote:
               | Indeed it can be found in the book "Public Opinion"
               | (1921) by Lippman:
               | 
               | https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/6456/pg6456.txt
        
         | keester wrote:
         | I agree with you, but nudging can be a good thing if it's
         | meritorious. Lincoln, for instance, had to manipulate people to
         | some extent to achieve his goal of emancipation.
         | 
         | Similarly, I'd say some nudging is in order to tackle the
         | obesity epidemic in the US and other places.
        
         | ajsnigrutin wrote:
         | > The mistake they make is a classic short-run vs. long-run
         | miscalculation. In the short-run, you can get away with these
         | kinds of tactics to increase compliance.
         | 
         | ...
         | 
         | > But in the long-run, people will become more familiar with
         | these tactics, such that they will become less effective (e.g.
         | waning trust in the media).
         | 
         | I though that too ~20 years ago. I live in a small country with
         | elections every few years (usually less than the full term of
         | the government) and a "one supposedly rightwing party" vs. "a
         | bunch of supposedly left wing parties"... the mix of left wing
         | parties slowly turned to "a new face + a bunch of old parties"
         | recently.
         | 
         | Every pre-election period we get a bunch of people advocating
         | online and in person, that if "party X" got elected, they'd
         | solve the "problem Y", because they can do it, and "current
         | party" is blocking them... somehow those same people (and not
         | just fresh 18yo going for their first election) forget, that
         | party X has been in the government 3 years ago, and the
         | government before that, and before that, and that the "problem
         | Y" has existed for atleast 20 years (healthcare, housing,...),
         | and they did nothing.
         | 
         | People either forget or are gaslighted by the media.
         | 
         | > assassination attempts
         | 
         | This happens when problems get unsolved and worse and worse for
         | years... bad healthcare, especially mental health, depression,
         | drugs, save 10k, but the apartment you wanted is now 30k more
         | expensive, average rent higher than average pension, etc.,
         | create more and more people with nothing left to lose.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | It's roughly the same thing with currency. The trick is to call
         | it modern monetary theory instead of the printing press. of
         | course, who doesn't want modern?
         | 
         | But surely it can only run so long. The problem is that most
         | people believe that their countries can't fall into
         | authoritarianism because they are a democracy.
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | Most people don't like littering and pollution. So we've passed
         | laws against it.
         | 
         | Yet if you don't have any trashcans or other ways of disposing
         | waste around, and you don't have much social pressure _against_
         | it, many people will eventually leave their waste behind
         | somewhere.
         | 
         | Much better to nudge them towards complying _in specific_ with
         | the laws that they want _in general_
        
           | uoaei wrote:
           | That's not even nudging, that's just providing a necessary
           | option. There is no coercion between "I want to throw
           | something away" and "There's a trash can on the curb".
        
             | majormajor wrote:
             | "Not providing the option very frequently" is pretty
             | indistinguishable to me from "nudging in the wrong
             | direction"...
             | 
             | but here's a much more explicit nudge example:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_Mess_with_Texas
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chris123 wrote:
         | Would be great if it's was that simple, but for every person
         | who wakes up, two younglings replace him. It's a cycle from
         | birth to "education" to wokester to actually opportunity your
         | eyes. Welcome to the real world, Neo.
        
         | heliodor wrote:
         | You should call them representatives then. Leaders lead.
        
         | BoxOfRain wrote:
         | For a case study in this phenomenon the UK made use of nudge
         | theory during the covid pandemic and I think one of the
         | outcomes is some people distrusting the organs of state in a
         | way they didn't before. I think people remember the 'look them
         | in the eyes' campaign along with other 'nudges' and associate
         | it with a time they not only felt miserable and scared but also
         | felt taken for mugs by the very politicians who were trying to
         | increase compliance when things like Partygate and shady
         | government contracts to friends of ministers came to light.
         | 
         | I think anything that's not completely candid with the public
         | is eventually seen as dishonest whether rightly or wrongly.
         | Personally I think no matter how well-intended it's hard to see
         | nudge theory as anything other than 'shady behavioural
         | psychology tactics to induce compliance with government policy
         | without personal consent or a democratic mandate' which is
         | something I believe fundamentally breaks the social contract.
        
         | ihatepython wrote:
         | > Interesting how our leaders see their role not as
         | representing our interests, but in shaping our interests.
         | 
         | Not in shaping our interests, but the interests of the
         | 'deplorables', the people who disagree and who they see as
         | beneath them.
        
         | carimura wrote:
         | Martin Gurri in The Revolt of the Public had a pretty good
         | explanation of this. Leaders used to be the gatekeepers of
         | information, and thus maintained control. Now the Internet has
         | lifted the curtain and opened the floodgates of information,
         | causing a loss of control, thus pushing many leaders to double
         | down on attempts at controlling the narrative. When control
         | gets too strong, we see revolts.
        
           | jruohonen wrote:
           | I too love Gurri, but I don't think this is at all what he is
           | saying. The Internet and particularly the social media have
           | certainly something to do with it, but to my understanding he
           | is talking about the erosion of knowledge-creation and the
           | collapse of "elites". (Note also that everyone in this forum
           | probably belongs to the latter category in a way or another.)
           | His takes correlate with those from political scientists who
           | talk about institutional decay and such things.
        
         | 2devnull wrote:
         | I had a nice dialog with GPT (davinci) that made me reconsider
         | very similar reticence I felt about nudging. I think nudges can
         | be done in ways that are transparent, ethical and long run net
         | positive. But clearly it's a very complicated subject.
        
       | babypuncher wrote:
       | I don't understand the crusade against encryption. No ban has any
       | chance of actually being effective at stopping criminals, they
       | will just continue using open source software. All you end up
       | doing is exposing law abiding citizens and corporations to an
       | incredible amount of risk, because suddenly all their critical
       | private data is secured with a common backdoor that can be abused
       | by _anyone_ who finds it. Adding backdoors to commercial
       | encryption is practically handing the Kremlin or CCP the keys to
       | all our critical infrastructure.
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | > _media reports state that senior government officials in the US
       | and EU agreed to cooperate on measures_
       | 
       | I'm having trouble with the link. How substantive is this
       | allegation?
        
       | alphanullmeric wrote:
       | Love how supposed privacy advocates will use patriot act
       | arguments to justify violating financial privacy, then
       | immediately turn around and play the other side when the same
       | talking points are used against any other kinds of privacy.
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | Did these organizations do that?
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | > supposed privacy advocates will use patriot act arguments to
         | justify violating financial privacy
         | 
         | What are you talking about? I've never seen this. As far as I'm
         | concerned, AML/KYS is just the financial arm of global mass
         | surveillance.
        
       | kibwen wrote:
       | The logical conclusion to the war on general purpose computing
       | (as currently perpetrated in the large by Apple, and spun even by
       | people here as a worthwhile tradeoff for "security") is that
       | computers will be replaced with appliances that can only run
       | government-sanctioned, closed-source software. That is the only
       | way these laws could be enforced.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | Yeah. It started with silly things like copyright enforcement,
         | slowly paving the way to ever greater oppression. As an AMD
         | engineer put it, these days processors essentially come pwned
         | from the factory. Computers are too subversive a technology to
         | allow normals unrestricted access. Encryption is powerful
         | enough to defeat nations.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | > as currently perpetrated in the large by Apple, and spun even
         | by people here as a worthwhile tradeoff for "security"
         | 
         | See this misses the more nuanced point. I bet my last cent that
         | everyone who doesn't want Apple's ability to meaningfully
         | control their platform eroded would change their tune
         | immediately if we had a regulatory environment that had any
         | teeth whatsoever when it comes to policing malicious software.
         | 
         | People are currently backed into a corner where the only not
         | incompetent regulatory body for software is Apple right now. I
         | would love for iOS to be completely open but maligned actors
         | who would use that against my interests need to be stopped and
         | Apple being closed doesn't get in the way all that much.
         | 
         | * You must be able to cancel subscriptions in one click with no
         | human interaction and users must be able to choose an immediate
         | cancel for a pro-rated refund even if they paid "yearly."
         | 
         | * You must allow opt-out of all tracking and data collection
         | without providing any disincentive for doing so.
         | 
         | * All free trails must not require a CC and can only be
         | continued after explicitly done so by the user.
         | 
         | * Delete the concept of implied consent. By existing you
         | consent to.. fuck off.
         | 
         | * Establish a legal definition of dark pattern and make them
         | illegal and reportable by users for a cut of the fine.
         | 
         | * You must be allowed to purchase a completely ad free
         | experience.
         | 
         | * You cannot sell OS features like notifications or running in
         | the background.
         | 
         | * All digital goods must be able to be returned within x days
         | of purchase.
         | 
         | My wishlist could go on.
        
           | kayodelycaon wrote:
           | > I bet my last cent that everyone who doesn't want Apple's
           | ability to meaningfully control their platform eroded would
           | change their tune immediately if we had a regulatory
           | environment that had any teeth whatsoever when it comes to
           | policing malicious software.
           | 
           | I definitely would change my mind. The complete lack of any
           | effective protections against bad actors is the sole reason
           | I'm willing to tolerate what Apple is doing with the iOS App
           | Store.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | > computers will be replaced with appliances that can only run
         | government-sanctioned, closed-source software
         | 
         | this is lacking imagination
         | 
         | Most items around us will be smart withing 10 years.
         | 
         | There are coffe machines that stop working without internet,
         | dishwashers and washing machines that have wifi. You cant buy a
         | TV and a Car without internet connectivity. Mac OS won't run an
         | executable withour connecting to an apple server.
         | 
         | All of them phone home.
         | 
         | The government just needs to tap into the datastores assembled
         | by these companies. Datastores in centralised datacenters,
         | which are large regulated installations.
         | 
         | They don't need to do any extra work. The police doesnt need to
         | raid every house.
        
         | stametseater wrote:
         | Even if "normal computers" are left free, anti-encryption
         | legislation could be enormously effective at the level of the
         | general population even if it only manages to twist the arm of
         | Apple, Google and force them to remove such software from their
         | appstores.
         | 
         | "Bad guys" could still use encryption of course, but the
         | government would gain the ability to easily surveil most
         | people, which is what they're really after.
        
       | rodolphoarruda wrote:
       | I finished reading 1984 (the novel) yesterday, so my comments are
       | under some influence.
       | 
       | This global movement against encryption -- against citizen's
       | privacy, really -- is all about power maintenance. Power groups
       | want to have access to our conversations so when the election
       | period approaches, they will be able to run sentiment analysis on
       | the data collected from our conversations, and then fine tune
       | their election campaigns accordingly. All the current excuses
       | about fighting organized crime, violence to children etc. are
       | well known excuses used for many years within different context
       | to roll out surveillance bills.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | I'd disagree. Democracy in the US is already extremely well
         | controlled. You only have two realistic options, and the
         | primary that led to those two options is fairly undemocratic.
         | Between gerrymandering, citizens united, private control over
         | corporate news, and a million other things, meaningful
         | democracy may as well be dead (or perhaps never existed).
         | 
         | Control over encryption is overwhelmingly about those in power
         | keeping others out of power. If you have access to all of your
         | opponent's communications because you're already the president,
         | there's really nothing the opponent can do to balance things
         | out. Any grassroots movement to displace you and your
         | government would never get off the ground - they'd be arrested
         | before they could even organize, since the entirety of your
         | comms is available to the establishment.
        
           | lovecg wrote:
           | The cool thing about technology is it works both ways. If
           | backdoors are mandated it's only a matter of time until all
           | texts, location history, etc. etc. of those in power become
           | public - we already learned that those people don't have the
           | strongest opsec to begin with. This will lead to a backlash
           | and an equilibrium of sorts.
        
             | ok_dad wrote:
             | Those in power will be allowed to use encryption due to
             | "state security" or something stupid like that. Only us
             | plebeians will be forced to reveal our dirty laundry to the
             | world.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | This is worth taking up with the congressional committees looking
       | for overreach by the Biden Administration. Fill out this form, to
       | start.
       | 
       | [1] https://oversight.house.gov/whistle/
        
         | rektide wrote:
         | Nice of the White House to set up such a convenient reporting
         | system.
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | If you think Republicans are against eroding privacy I have a
         | bridge to sell you.
        
           | redblacktree wrote:
           | Indeed, the Patriot Act passed under a Republican House and
           | Presidency. Where there was opposition, it came from
           | Democrats in the House.[0]
           | 
           | [0]: https://clerk.house.gov/evs/2001/roll398.xml
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | I wouldn't however consider that enough evidence to say
             | Democrats "opposed" the Patriot Act. They aren't "Both
             | sides the same", but on this issue, Democrat politicians
             | largely buy into the law enforcement POV that "bad people"
             | are doing things and there must be an easy way to stop
             | them, instead of making cops do actual work to solve
             | crimes.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | You just have to mention how this could be used to find out
           | who's talking about guns and what lobbyists are saying to
           | elected officials.
        
       | shmerl wrote:
       | May be encryption can be declared as a right to privacy and then
       | this issue will be gone for good.
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | At least in the U.S., it's already covered:
         | 
         | 1A: "Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of
         | speech, or of the press."
         | 
         | 4A: "The right of the people to be secure in their persons,
         | houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and
         | seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue,
         | but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and
         | particularly describing the place to be searched, and the
         | persons or things to be seized."
        
           | rnk wrote:
           | In the US, there's not a right to privacy, or at best it's
           | complicated. At least federalists or conservatives endlessly
           | argue that doesn't exist, for reasons that I don't
           | understand. If we had a right to privacy in the US, it
           | probably wouldn't protect criminal communications, and the
           | potential of illegal behavior is used as the justification
           | for all kinds of quasi illegal investigations.
        
           | codedokode wrote:
           | What about banning end-to-end encryption while keeping
           | client-server encryption (like Telegram or Apple does)? If
           | people are not allowed to transfer money anonymously, why
           | allow them communicate anonymously?
        
             | CircleSpokes wrote:
             | > If people are not allowed to transfer money anonymously,
             | why allow them communicate anonymously?
             | 
             | You can do that in the US though with cash. There might be
             | some transactions that you can't do in physical cash but
             | that is more of a practical/convince limitation and not a
             | legal one.
        
               | flangola7 wrote:
               | That cash will not be anonymous for long once you deposit
               | it, between mandatory reporting and serial number
               | records.
        
             | chrisco255 wrote:
             | People are allowed to transfer money anonymously, vis-a-vis
             | cash. Banks belonging to the Federal Reserve system are of
             | course subject to a number of arbitrary regulations that
             | are certainly debatable, but also not outside the realm of
             | ordinary government regulation of interstate/international
             | commerce.
             | 
             | Wholesale banning of anonymous money transfers would also,
             | in my opinion, be a violation of 1st and 4th amendments.
             | But banning encrypted speech & communication altogether (or
             | compelling an open-access backdoor) is clearly a violation
             | of 1st & 4th amendment.
        
       | dsign wrote:
       | Here is the plan of our elected representatives:
       | 
       | - Erode what resistance to total surveillance remains.
       | 
       | - Practice total surveillance.
       | 
       | Here is my plan to oppose that plan:
       | 
       | - Rekindle Orwell's 1984 as a full literary/movie/video-game
       | genre, where awful things happen to people when the government or
       | an associated non-knocking variant of the Spanish Inquisition
       | shows up because somebody committed wrong-think.
       | 
       | I'm a little afraid that if we don't succeed in bringing this
       | problem to the general's public attention via their binging
       | habits, as a sort of social vaccine, we will end up with the
       | disease.
        
         | abdela wrote:
         | Absolutely, this fight needs to be fought on the
         | cultural/political battlefield. It can never be just a
         | technological arms race or solution, because technology usually
         | favors the rich.
         | 
         | Culture eats strategy for breakfast, and mass culture of movies
         | and video games is really the most effective way to teach the
         | broader audience about these issues. Black mirror did a great
         | job with some episoses, and also handmaid's tale has had a big
         | impact in thinking about women's rights.
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | So, governments are actively colluding to obstruct Democratic
       | ways of life. They're now in the actively propogandize phase,
       | where they outlaw talking to other people in privacy. Weaponizing
       | tech against the coremost nature of Democracy.
       | 
       | And so are the tech bossess!
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35653867
       | https://www.thedailybeast.com/elon-musk-tech-bosses-are-lett...
       | 
       | The tech-empires are letting whichever country wants to come in &
       | start dictating terms, step all over people. We no longer even
       | have the spine to call out journalism done in un-Free areas,
       | we've decided Government-sponsored is too risky to even inform
       | people about. https://rsf.org/en/index
       | 
       | With online platforms being cajouled every which way, one would
       | _hope_ the US Government could find some scant resemblance of a
       | soul  & do the right thing, which would be to help wage this
       | culture war for a moral & ethical cause, to actually help our
       | Democratic values, instead of psychological assaults on them. The
       | government should be pushing back, demanding more encryption,
       | more privacy, especially more privacy, privacy that even the tech
       | bossess can't access much less the government.
       | 
       | Alas instead of helping fight the good fight, here we see the US-
       | EU is playing the jealous rival, trying to steal some of the same
       | advantages the data-slurping panopticon totalistic information-
       | societies.
       | 
       | We need legal stands from governments to protect & advancing
       | freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom of ideas,
       | freedom to think. We ought recognize & attend to open society &
       | other essential liberty.
       | 
       | It's been such a ride. A lot of people are pretty grimdark on
       | what Social Media is & means & the fate of interconnectivity, but
       | my word, how can anyone feel so jaded & old at this point? We are
       | so young, we have explored so few & such narrow options for how
       | we might gather & share & communicate across the internet & it's
       | many sites. I can acknowledge that folks are unhappy, that we are
       | scared of what lies beyond the now tarnishing gilded Creator age,
       | and you're all right, but man, the internet is so phenomenal.
       | This is such an amazing creative ability to create & connect, to
       | explore thought, expands the Rhizomatic / Assembly theory
       | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assemblage_(philosophy)) view of
       | the world so deeply. There is so much to learn & figure out.
       | 
       | If we can keep this democracy. If we can maintain a vector where
       | we can keep creating new interconnection, new people-figuring-
       | out-what-protocols-people-want-to-use between us. We can combat
       | so much shallowness by owning our speech, by owning our relays,
       | by opting into being our own more selctive amplifiers, picking
       | for ourselves what is signal and what is noise, calling out the
       | short fun & what has real lasting value. Keep making the world
       | more seen, keep sharing & thinking ourselves out loud, in public.
       | And together in private.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | I've come to the conclusion that Taxes are incompatible with
       | Encryption and Free Speech. If we're ever going to progress as a
       | civilization, something other than ancient and frankly barbaric
       | practice Taxes has to designed and implemented.
       | 
       | Every justification for usage or backdoor encryption is
       | eventually rooted in monitoring financial transactions, or
       | preserving the means in which a state can collect them. The "War
       | on Terror" and "War on Drugs" are perfect examples of this.
        
         | fleventynine wrote:
         | Income tax is the problem. I wish governments solely relied on
         | property taxes and user fees for funding, even if they had to
         | increase them a lot to make up for the loss of income tax
         | revenue.
        
           | alphanullmeric wrote:
           | But that would mean the "pay your fair share" people would
           | actually have to pay their fair share, which they will never
           | support. We all know that the fair share is a percentage of
           | someone else's income you feel entitled to and not a fee
           | proportional to the amount of state services you use.
        
             | dmbche wrote:
             | Could you clarify who the pay-your-fair-share people are?
             | Not a jab, I'm just unclear on what you mean.
        
               | chimpanzee wrote:
               | [dead]
        
             | plandis wrote:
             | > We all know that the fair share is a percentage of
             | someone else's income you feel entitled to and not a fee
             | proportional to the amount of state services you use.
             | 
             | So a kid with cancer needs to pay the government for
             | Medicaid? After all, they are the ones receiving the
             | benefit.
        
             | fleventynine wrote:
             | You wouldn't necessarily need to shut down social programs.
             | Rich people and their companies own lots of property,
             | spectrum, water rights, intellectual property, etc, and the
             | funding from these taxes can still be used to fund a social
             | safety net.
             | 
             | As a bonus, if property taxes (or better yet, land value
             | taxes) were 5x what they are, we probably would fix the
             | housing crisis as all the property hoarders unload their
             | underutilized property onto the market.
        
               | alphanullmeric wrote:
               | Nobody said anything about shutting down social programs,
               | you can still have those without forcing people that
               | don't use them to pay for it. Like I said, pay your fair
               | share. The USPS for the most part is an example of a
               | government service that operates only off of voluntary
               | funding from its users.
        
               | fleventynine wrote:
               | I'm confused, are you suggesting that malnourished kids
               | should pay for their own lunch (or for that matter,
               | education?). There are some services we have to
               | collectively pay for to live in a stable society.
        
               | alphanullmeric wrote:
               | I'm suggesting that someone not willing to pay their own
               | fair share should not pretend others are not willing to
               | pay theirs.
        
               | kevviiinn wrote:
               | But you aren't answering the question, if a program for
               | people in poverty isn't funded by society as a whole, are
               | you having the people in poverty fund it because they're
               | the ones who use it? Your argument seems to break down
               | under examination
        
               | alphanullmeric wrote:
               | I answered the question before it was asked. If you want
               | such a program to exist, you pay for it. If your idea is
               | to make me pay for it, you don't believe in paying your
               | fair share. Whether or not it is practical to follow my
               | rule to the absolute is a different question. I'm just
               | tired of hearing the fair share people justify not paying
               | their fair share.
        
               | flangola7 wrote:
               | > I'm just tired of hearing the fair share people justify
               | not paying their fair share.
               | 
               | I frankly have no idea who you are talking about. You're
               | going to have to elaborate because right now it sounds
               | like a cheap strawman.
        
               | throwway120385 wrote:
               | There are entire enterprises that operate by this
               | principle. Private Insurance comes to mind first. The
               | problem with insurance and with this philosophy in
               | general is that there are a lot of catestrophic
               | situations you can find yourself in for which you would
               | likely purchase no insurance because you can't ever see
               | yourself being there.
               | 
               | The reason government steps in in cases like loss of job
               | and provision of welfare is because nobody ever expects
               | to be in those situations. But when you end up in those
               | situations, having not bought insurance prior to being
               | there, you will naturally find them pernicious. In order
               | to prevent that from happening, government programs
               | provide a kind of nationwide or statewide insurance
               | policy that you are bought into by default just in case
               | you should happen to need it some day.
               | 
               | You're arguing that you never will, and that might be the
               | case, but that's also strictly speaking a risky
               | proposition if aggregated over the entire population of
               | the US.
        
               | kevviiinn wrote:
               | No you haven't but what you have done is move the goal
               | posts. Here is your previous statement:
               | 
               | >Nobody said anything about shutting down social
               | programs, you can still have those without forcing people
               | that don't use them to pay for it
               | 
               | Which implies that the people paying for them are the
               | ones using them
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | As long as wealth is counted as property. Most people I hear
           | suggesting this expect personal wealth to inhabit a magical
           | class of things that are definitely owned but are somehow not
           | property.
           | 
           | edit: i.e. when wealthy people say this, it is usually just a
           | euphemism for lowering their personal tax burden.
           | 
           | Wealthy people require more protection (as they are excellent
           | targets) and more scrutiny (because their financial affairs
           | are complicated, and they can take advantage of criminal
           | opportunities that require large amounts of capital), so
           | taxes should rise with wealth.
           | 
           | edit 2: When people believe that both income and wealth taxes
           | should be discarded for taxes on consumption, you can be sure
           | that they are wealthy with a high income.
        
             | fleventynine wrote:
             | Taxing financial assets has a lot of the same privacy-
             | invading, subjective-enforcement, and loophole problems as
             | taxing income.
             | 
             | However, most corporations own a lot of other assets that
             | are already registered with the government, or pay rent to
             | other corporations that do: real estate, mineral rights,
             | and intellectual property. If we can figure out how to tax
             | these things, that could help.
        
           | scythe wrote:
           | A major argument for income tax is that it's naturally
           | countercyclical, which means that governments tax more when
           | incomes are high and less when they are low. The
           | 'progressive' -- concave upwards -- income tax is even more
           | so. Per Keynesian theory, countercyclical fiscal policy acts
           | to stabilize the economy, and the US _has_ been more stable
           | since the tax base shifted from property tax and tariffs
           | towards income taxes. Tariffs, in particular, can be
           | disastrously _procyclical_ -- a failure of a domestic
           | manufacturer may lead to a decline in economic performance
           | and an uptick in imports, which is then exacerbating. It
           | might be possible for a land tax or property tax to be
           | countercyclical, but this would likely depend on the
           | centralized adjustment of valuations, since there is not so
           | far any automatic technique for valuing real property other
           | than immediately after a sale. History has taught us to be
           | cautious about centralized economic micromanagement.
           | 
           | The temporal effects of income tax are often lost in
           | colloquial debates among non-economists who have the
           | impression that they exist primarily for moral reasons --
           | however, the wealthy, in practice, are very good at avoiding
           | them.
        
             | fleventynine wrote:
             | > It might be possible for a land tax or property tax to be
             | countercyclical, but this would likely depend on the
             | centralized adjustment of valuations, since there is not so
             | far any automatic technique for valuing real property other
             | than immediately after a sale.
             | 
             | Yeah, this is a problem that would need to be solved.
        
           | WaitWaitWha wrote:
           | Agree that income tax is a problem, but do not agree with
           | your solution using property tax.
           | 
           | I believe consumption tax is a better approach, in my
           | opinion.
           | 
           | Consumption tax is immediate, indiscriminate at the time we
           | spend the money, while property tax tends to be applied at
           | various times throughout the life of the property.
        
             | fleventynine wrote:
             | Consumption taxes have a lot of the same privacy-invading
             | problems that income taxes do. To enforce them, the
             | government has to have the ability to audit the financial
             | records of at least one of the parties in a transaction.
             | 
             | If there are consumption taxes, they should only be for the
             | raw materials and energy (as part of mineral rights).
        
         | nobody9999 wrote:
         | I'm with Oliver Wendell Holmes (or whoever actually said this)
         | on that one:
         | 
         | "Taxes Are What We Pay for Civilized Society."[0]
         | 
         | [0] https://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/04/13/taxes-civilize/
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | I don't think prohibitions on child porn and drugs have
         | anything to do with taxes.
        
           | alphanullmeric wrote:
           | A law prohibiting child porn would make child porn illegal,
           | not monitor my transactions and prevent encryption. That's
           | called the redistribution of consequences.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | Generally merely declaring something to be illegal does not
             | stop it. In most cases it also requires catching people
             | that are doing it and successfully convicting them.
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | Invading random people's lives with dragnet spying to see
               | if they have committed a crime was specifically forbidden
               | by the fourth amendment of the US constitution for good
               | reason, even if everyone in our government willfully
               | forgot that amendment exists.
        
         | cdiamand wrote:
         | Can you speak more to why you think taxes are barbaric? Is
         | there an alternative?
         | 
         | They strike me as one of the cornerstones of civilization. I.e.
         | the state builds things that are for the common good using
         | those resources.
        
       | leoh wrote:
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_pad
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | masswerk wrote:
         | Mind that we made one-time pads (like TAN sheets) pretty much a
         | thing of the past, in favor of 2FA...
        
       | jMyles wrote:
       | > ...at the EU-US Senior Officials Meeting on Justice and Home
       | Affairs, held in Stockholm on 16 and 17 March, the minutes of
       | which are now available. The delegations "... concurred on the
       | need to mirror privacy by design with lawful access by
       | design...," apparent code language for mandating the undermining
       | or removal of strong encryption practices.
       | 
       | What is wrong with these people? How can anyone, let alone an
       | educated, well-traveled leader, be so obtuse about the
       | implications (and for that matter, the realism) of any such
       | scheme?
        
         | pa7x1 wrote:
         | Well, if you were to ask in this very same forum if the trade-
         | offs of private and permissionless communication, as granted by
         | cryptography, should apply to money. You would get a much
         | different answer.
         | 
         | So either a large part of HN has already been co-opted by this
         | public campaign, or is uneducated/obtuse, or is able to trace a
         | very different set of weights for what you can do with your
         | expression but not your money.
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | You won't get a different answer from me at least. KYC/AML is
           | just the financial version of global surveillance and should
           | be fought just as vigorously.
           | 
           | Maybe HN just hates cryptocurrencies.
        
           | flotzam wrote:
           | The disconnect is wild. Spending magic money online can
           | already feel like instant messaging, e.g. Zcash with its
           | encrypted memo field for text messages is basically as if
           | Bitmessage had an optional monetary payload
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | reaperman wrote:
         | Most of our leaders are much less bright and much more self-
         | centered than almost anyone would imagine. The evidence
         | repeatedly validates this, but we're reluctant to believe it.
         | Many do come from relatively elite backgrounds but their
         | knowledge and morality have surprising gaps.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | Experiments show that groups of humans pick as their leader
           | the loudest and most confident of the bunch.
           | 
           | You can imagine how this quirk of psychology affects power at
           | all levels in our society.
        
           | psychphysic wrote:
           | They are overwhelmingly self servicing to the point that
           | intelligence is not even worth commenting on.
           | 
           | Smart or dumb, they are just in it to gain power.
        
         | waboremo wrote:
         | Part of the benefit that comes from being well traveled is
         | sharing stories and experiences with locals, leaders don't do
         | any of that. Generously, most of them are too busy to do so,
         | and instead spend most of their time in a building that could
         | be anywhere in the world in a similar looking conference room.
         | 
         | Although you are right, it does take a certain level of
         | intelligence to recognize when one is outside of their element
         | and to seek proper expertise. Assuming no malicious intent.
        
         | medellin wrote:
         | "Lawful access" is the new soundbite for putting backdoors in
         | all our software and hardware.
        
         | newZWhoDis wrote:
         | They're malicious. It's not that they don't understand, or that
         | some well worded essay will ever give them their "aha" moment.
         | 
         | They want power over you, and this is just another means to
         | that end.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | It's not even power over you. It's mostly power over their
           | political opponents.
           | 
           | You can read up on how Polish government used their access to
           | Pegassus.
        
             | jruohonen wrote:
             | The PEGA committee reports are "hilarious" reading. The
             | "best" situation seems to have been in Greece where
             | ordinary politicians have spied other ordinary politicians
             | and ordinary civil servants other ordinary civil servants.
             | Must be fun to work in such a state apparatus.
        
         | HopenHeyHi wrote:
         | Ah, you sort of accidentally stumbled upon the very heart of
         | the matter.
         | 
         | For example: https://www.youtube.com/@OxfordUnion/videos
         | The Oxford Union is the world's most prestigious debating
         | society with a tradition of hosting internationally prominent
         | individuals across politics, academia, and popular culture.
         | Founded in 1823 at a time when The University of Oxford
         | restricted students from discussing certain topics, The Union
         | continues to uphold the principle of free speech through the
         | exchange and debate of a wide range of ideas and opinions,
         | presented by a diverse range of speakers - some inspiring,
         | others controversial. As we celebrate 200 years of free speech
         | during our Bicentenary year of 2023, we reaffirm our commitment
         | to our integral values and also our belief that the discussion
         | of complex topics should not only be encouraged but is an
         | essential element of any free society.
         | 
         | Now, click around a few of the videos, and observe if the above
         | description, an honest self-image of the best and the
         | brightest, I'm sure, comports with the actual reality on
         | display.
         | 
         | Make special note of the attitudes displayed by these bright
         | young minds and the questions put to the speakers. Heck, might
         | even notice the ever increasing pop-culture nature of the
         | proceedings. I guess hearing from PSY about Gangam style is one
         | of the most of all time.
         | 
         | In short, a large chunk of these "elites" who go into politics
         | are nepo babies governed by fashionable group think no
         | different from their less monied peers. iPhones are the great
         | equalizer. _Everybody_ is equally cringy. It is a different
         | caliber of person now from the heyday and naturally trends
         | towards authoritarianism.
         | 
         | The exceptionalism is gone a long time ago already. It was
         | perfectly lampooned half a century ago in shows like 'Yes
         | Minister'. Lofty ideals, duty, intellectual curiosity, honesty,
         | a sense of decency, long ago succumbed to mediocrity and farce.
         | And that was the 80s. We are way past that stage where there
         | was still a sense of shame, past the age of spin, hurling into
         | cynical ambivalence now and soon complete forgetfulness.
         | 
         | In short, the West really is in decline and has been for a long
         | time. People who have a clue about why this is a bad idea are
         | nowhere near the halls of power. And I don't mean intricate
         | technical knowledge, these subjects go back centuries, the
         | relevant ideas and ideals are at the very core of what made
         | these societies great in the first place. Poof.
         | 
         | You know why this is wrong instinctually, at your core, because
         | you paid attention to the ship of state and still give a shit
         | about something bigger than yourself. They don't.
         | 
         | There's nothing outright wrong with them, they are just basic
         | ordinary consumers. And the lessons of the past will have to be
         | re-learned if we don't accidentally find ourselves this time in
         | an unescapable permanent dystopia.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | They don't actually fucking know what they are doing. They get
         | these righteous ideas into their heads and convince themselves
         | they're doing what's good for us. They ignore the consequences
         | even when it affects them, reacting with a literal child-like
         | entitlement and self-importance "you can't read _my_ messages,
         | just the _other_ people 's messages, I'm a special class of
         | person, this is outrageous".
         | 
         | There are people here on HN who say they actually met at least
         | one of these politicians. Check out this thread:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35656323
         | 
         | These are the people imposing their silly laws on us. It's a
         | joke. I wanted to respect them enough to think it's all some
         | sort of master plan to oppress us more efficiently but could
         | very well be that they are dumb enough to back this without
         | understanding what encryption even is.
        
         | codedokode wrote:
         | There is nothing wrong with these people. Those in the power
         | always want to have more power.
         | 
         | There will be no implications if encryption is banned. People
         | have been using unencrypted wired phones and unencrypted bank
         | cards for a long time and the world hasn't collapsed.
         | 
         | Also, there is no need to ban any encryption, client-server
         | encryption protocols like HTTPS can stay, provided that the
         | server would log all session keys for future lawful access.
        
         | CameronNemo wrote:
         | Leadership positions (especially those in government) attract
         | some of the worst people.
        
         | jmclnx wrote:
         | Power I guess, only because they can. But if you communicate by
         | Cell Phone (txt, email...), encryption can be stopped by law
         | only because they are closed systems. But I tend to believe
         | Cell Phones already come with a backdoor, so laws do not really
         | matter for those.
         | 
         | If using gpg via email on an Open System (Linux, BSDs), good
         | luck stopping that.
        
           | codedokode wrote:
           | There is no need to ban encryption in client-server protocols
           | like HTTPS. Just require that servers logs all session keys
           | for future lawful access.
        
             | kevviiinn wrote:
             | That's a great way to have a central point of failure for
             | bad actors to target
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | > using gpg via email on an Open System (Linux, BSDs), good
           | luck stopping that
           | 
           | They won't engage us on those terms. They'll use their
           | authority to pass laws saying use of cryptography strong
           | enough to defeat them is evidence of guilt. Judges will
           | instruct juries to assume there's CSAM in your encrypted hard
           | drive.
        
           | jruohonen wrote:
           | Same I here: I don't really mind because I've never assumed
           | smartphones to be secure. But maybe I have been wrong because
           | they do seem to have problems in decryption of things like
           | Signal or even the Meta's stuff. As for serious transnational
           | crime, I really doubt whether these proposals will make any
           | difference. After EncroChat, serious criminals have probably
           | gone back to pencil and paper and whispering.
        
         | kingkawn wrote:
         | In part because they have full access to the classified info
         | about the threats that are being disrupted regularly
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | That's the excuse they use.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, they've often been shown to _also_ be lying
           | bastards in other matters, so why would we believe them for
           | this situation?
        
           | Zak wrote:
           | If they're trying to influence public opinion and there
           | really are a bunch of successes from surveillance programs
           | that can be defeated with consumer-grade encryption, they
           | could find ways to declassify statistics.
           | 
           | I suppose there's the concern that a statement like "we
           | prosecuted 2387 child molesters based on surveillance of
           | unencrypted chat" would cause future offenders to stop using
           | unencrypted chat, but I think that's a red herring. Any
           | reasonably clever criminal would not be sending felonious
           | content unencrypted today.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | I find this much more likely than others' explanation that
           | they're evil, that it's just about power, that there is a
           | conspiracy among world leaders, etc.
        
         | indymike wrote:
         | > What is wrong with these people? How can anyone, let alone an
         | educated, well-traveled leader, be so obtuse about the
         | implications (and for that matter, the realism) of any such
         | scheme?
         | 
         | Never underestimate the appeal of making one's job easier.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | I believe it's difficult for nontechnical people to fully grasp
         | the consequences of having so-called backdoors in the digital
         | realm. It's different from the physical world, where something
         | like a master key or the possibility of forceful entry isn't
         | unreasonable. They probably think it must necessarily be
         | possible to have something equivalent for electronic
         | communication.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | If China (as the US claims ) does it, why not the US ? They
         | don't want to lose the lead in this field. /s
        
       | yafbum wrote:
       | Contrarian opinion ahead. We live in a very unique period of
       | history - a bubble really - in which governments are not able to
       | intercept certain communications or decrypt certain records, even
       | with the full force of the law behind them.
       | 
       | While I recognize and appreciate, on a personal level, the
       | freedom that this provides me, freedom exists only to the extent
       | that there _is_ a government enforcing boundaries _on_ freedom to
       | prevent it from turning into anarchy. I 'm afraid it's not going
       | to be hard, over the years, to find enough pedophiles and
       | terrorists to make a compellingly popular case for more
       | regulation of encryption.
        
         | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
         | This view doesn't seem to reflect the reality that Gov/LEO have
         | access vastly more (direct and up-to-date) personal information
         | about us than at any time in history.
         | 
         | I find I am not in a hurry to hand over what little space is
         | left.
        
         | edrxty wrote:
         | There's nothing inherently wrong with anarchy, but there are
         | plenty of things inherently wrong with totalitarianism. I
         | really don't care how many pedophiles we catch if we continue
         | to expand the definition of pedophiles to "everyone we don't
         | like". Similarly, I don't care how many terrorists we catch if
         | we motivate everyone to _become_ a  "terrorist" in the process.
        
         | mardifoufs wrote:
         | >freedom exists only to the extent that there is a government
         | enforcing boundaries on freedom to prevent it from turning into
         | anarchy
         | 
         | No, it doesn't. Which is trivial to prove, considering we have
         | had widely available encryption for two decades now with no
         | anarchy or encryption fueled societal collapse in sight.
         | Actually, countries without backdoor laws are some of the most
         | prosperous and safe places on earth. And even western countries
         | that have decided to chase after the encryption boogeyman
         | (Australia, for example) didn't experience a drop in crime
         | rates.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | > I'm afraid it's not going to be hard, over the years, to find
         | enough pedophiles and terrorists to make a compellingly popular
         | case for more regulation of encryption.
         | 
         | You're going to oppress the world's entire population of human
         | beings with warrantless global surveillance because of a few
         | "pedophiles and terrorists"? What a tiresome argument,
         | seriously. Go ahead and find us thousands of "pedophiles and
         | terrorists". It won't matter how many you find because what
         | you're proposing as the cure is the tyranny of a government
         | panopticon.
        
         | matthewdgreen wrote:
         | The situation where governments can't (bulk) intercept
         | communications describes basically our entire history, with as
         | small weird exception towards the end. Prior to the invention
         | of the postal service, most communications were verbal and
         | privacy was (relatively) easy to ensure. Even up until _very_
         | recently, communications interception required some
         | extraordinary action like placing a durable wiretap on a line
         | and listening to verbal communications, or else laboriously
         | steaming open mail. It's only in the last fifteen years that we
         | moved the bulk of our private, non-business communications onto
         | electronic media that have long-term centralized storage and
         | processing power to scan them. Coincidentally that's almost as
         | long as encrypted messaging has been popular.
        
       | pmarreck wrote:
       | Relevant: Martin Fowler's essay "Privacy Protects Bothersome
       | People": https://martinfowler.com/articles/bothersome-
       | privacy.html
        
       | FredPret wrote:
       | Only technological innovation can stop this. Too many people
       | really want to know everything about you. Only mathematical
       | impossibility will stop them.
        
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