[HN Gopher] Coinbase secures Bermuda licence
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Coinbase secures Bermuda licence
        
       Author : overthrow
       Score  : 149 points
       Date   : 2023-04-22 00:20 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | favflam wrote:
       | Are there other financial markets where a single entity is
       | custodian, trading exchange, market maker, and Kyc/Aml all under
       | on roof? It seems like a fundamental conflict of interest.
        
         | atdrummond wrote:
         | Other market makers (Wintermute, Keyrock, B2C2, etc) work with
         | all major CEXes, including Coinbase. This is the same for
         | custodians like Anchorage Digital.
         | 
         | I feel like Coinbase would use this info to argue against being
         | truly monopolistic of some or all of those markers.
         | 
         | I am definitely certain that Coinbase (specifically Paul
         | Grewal, their head lawyer, and, previously, Alex Marx, former
         | head of risk) have prepared for similar claims to be made. They
         | have an extensive roadmap of expected legal challenges and
         | their plans to ameliorate any damage done to their business
         | model. I'm confident their goal is dismantle any claim that
         | they have monopolistic control of a customer's crypto once
         | purchased.
        
         | cturner wrote:
         | Many methods of foreign exchange are. Insurance can be.
         | 
         | If anything, it is equities that is unusual, because that
         | market is designed to be accessible to retail investors, with
         | significant consumer protections.
        
         | chemmail wrote:
         | The only reason Bitcoin and hence crypto actually worked is
         | because the creator all but disappeared. This removes any and
         | all conflict of interest for the rules of bitcoin.
         | Unfortunately no other coin has this, and Satoshi can actually
         | come back at any time.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | What does that have to do with the other user's question?
        
           | tromp wrote:
           | Satoshi certainly did have a conflict of interest as he ended
           | up hoarding 5% of all bitcoin. Other coins also had
           | disappearing creators, including ones where the creators
           | received no financial rewards whatsoever.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | yashg wrote:
         | Crypto is not a financial market. It's a gambling den.
         | Unregulated one. Scammers use financial sounding mumbo-jumbo to
         | lure destitute suckers with promises of infinite riches. Same
         | old game. Wash trading with make believe shitcoins in magic
         | internet tokens keeps the line going up so DCAing idiots keep
         | providing exit liquidity to OGs to unload their magic tokens.
        
           | elif wrote:
           | You are conflating many low cap nonsense coins with actually
           | revolutionary and valued ones.
           | 
           | Gambling returns an expected -2% to -10% by design.
           | 
           | If you pick virtually any 5 year interval for Ethereum or
           | Bitcoin, you see >100% growth. In the current crash, they are
           | up 128% and 187% respectively.
           | 
           | Fiat currencies are not "gambling" even though they fluctuate
           | in relative value and even mimic the -2% to -10% expected
           | return of gambling far more appropriately than major cryptos.
        
             | apnew wrote:
             | The argument that crypto is not gambling just because some
             | coins reported >0% returns is rather weak.
             | 
             | The first definition of Gambling I found;
             | 
             | >> the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning
             | (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a
             | prize).
        
               | elif wrote:
               | "some coins reported >0% returns" is weak I agree.
               | 
               | Fortunately my point was that the main 2 "report >100%
               | returns for every single 'player' who waited 5 years."
               | 
               | using your gambling definition, I would say that "chance"
               | to return a prize is not accurate as it is a "virtual if
               | not outright certainty" historically speaking.
        
               | throwawayadvsec wrote:
               | i'm not a crypto supporter, but the same applies to the
               | stock market, housing, or any business or investment
        
               | spacebanana7 wrote:
               | The difference is that many consumers used crypto as a
               | gambling tool. More so than in those other classes
               | 
               | The precise definition of gambling varies by
               | jurisdiction, but ultimately the thrill of prizewinning
               | and dangers of addiction/financial loss were enjoyed by
               | large numbers of crypto buyers [1].
               | 
               | I personally bet on Ethereum the same way I bet on sports
               | teams whose players I enjoy watching.
               | 
               | [1] Admittedly my evidence is mostly anecdotal, but it
               | seems like everyone knows somebody who used crypto like
               | this
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | I know plenty of people who used and continue to use
               | stocks in the exact same way, particularly on apps like
               | Robinhood.
        
               | spacebanana7 wrote:
               | I think it's fair to call that behaviour gambling too.
               | 
               | Options and derivatives that create or extract artificial
               | volatility out of economic prices are gambling tools in
               | the hands of most consumers.
               | 
               | The underlying source of randomness for a gambling
               | instrument doesn't really matter as long as it's
               | statistically well behaved. The physical uncertainty of a
               | roulette wheel, the economic uncertainty of the business
               | cycle and the athletic uncertainty of a sports match all
               | do the job.
        
               | NickM wrote:
               | Stock shares are an investment because the stock market
               | is a positive sum game in the long run. Yes there are
               | risks but the returns produced by the market are due to
               | actual value being generated in the form of goods and
               | services.
               | 
               | Investing in Bitcoin is like investing in shares of a
               | company that produces nothing, and which only is able to
               | fund its continued operations by continuing to issue and
               | sell more shares once every ten minutes. Investing in a
               | real compay that worked that way would be considered
               | crazy, but somehow it's supposed to be different because
               | it's decentralized. The financial implications are the
               | same though; it's a negative sum game instead of a
               | positive sum game.
               | 
               | That's why it's more like gambling than an investment.
               | The amount of money that comes back out is always going
               | to be less than the amount that goes in, in the end.
        
               | throwawayadvsec wrote:
               | "because the stock market is a positive sum game in the
               | long run"
               | 
               | No, in the actual long run you and every of your
               | descendants dies and the earth get disintegrated.
        
               | tanseydavid wrote:
               | Is someone who day-trades stocks an "Investor" or a
               | "Gambler"?
               | 
               | I think most people who day-trade would call themselves
               | "investors" but it seems precisely like gambling to me.
               | 
               | Can trading stocks be both "investing" or "gambling"
               | depending on how you approach it?
        
               | MacsHeadroom wrote:
               | Day-traders tend to not call themselves investors. They
               | call themselves traders.
               | 
               | Investing involves holding assets long term.
               | 
               | But they certainly don't call themselves gamblers. At
               | least not any that turn it into a successful career.
        
               | re-thc wrote:
               | Those you mention are regulated (to some extent). Is
               | crypto? Main issue. Not a level playing field.
        
               | throwawayadvsec wrote:
               | we're not arguing about regulations or ethics, he was
               | just saying that it was just gambling, more regulations
               | wouldn't change that
        
               | Cardinal7167 wrote:
               | But crypto _is_ regulated. The SEC has been clear about
               | how to treat and tax crypto.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _SEC has been clear about how to treat and tax crypto_
               | 
               | The SEC has no authority over how crypto is taxed.
        
               | Cardinal7167 wrote:
               | Their guidance to treat it like a security has clear tax
               | implications, im obviously not saying they control the
               | tax legislation itself.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _guidance to treat it like a security has clear tax
               | implications_
               | 
               | Not really. These are independent decisions. The IRS may
               | incorporate the SEC's views into its guidance, but that's
               | simply a courtesy.
        
               | yashg wrote:
               | Nope. Businesses and housing have real utility. They are
               | of value. Real value. Crypto tokens are a game of finding
               | a bigger fool to make money.
        
             | MagicMoonlight wrote:
             | Madoff was also offering >100% consistent growth
        
             | yashg wrote:
             | I am not going to educate you on what gambling is, or what
             | is the purpose of money. You made me laugh by calling some
             | magic tokens revolutionary. Yes a revolutionary new way of
             | duping poor people of their money.
        
           | xk_id wrote:
           | I remember when I didn't know anything about crypto and I
           | believed ppl like you proclaiming this kind of stuff. But i
           | was curious so i looked at the "mumbo-jumbo" myself and turns
           | out it's actually just technical stuff and not even that
           | difficult.
           | 
           | I feel ppl like you act in very bad faith, but you also claim
           | crypto isn't even financial infrastructure, so perhaps you're
           | just clueless.
        
             | Eisenstein wrote:
             | > But i was curious so i looked at the "mumbo-jumbo" myself
             | and turns out it's actually just technical stuff and not
             | even that difficult.
             | 
             | I don't see how this refutes anything above. Just because
             | it is technical doesn't mean it isn't a gambling den and
             | that it isn't being used to fleece suckers.
        
               | thehumanmeat wrote:
               | Just because it is a gambling den, doesn't mean there
               | aren't truly revolutionary ideas and projects in there.
               | Same as 2000 tech.
               | 
               | The argument can go both ways.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Sure, there could be. Where are they and what have they
               | revolutionized besides gambling?
        
               | yieldcrv wrote:
               | I think that question relies on looking at how any
               | infrastructure that gets mentioned also supports the
               | people gambling. And then it relies on "revolutionizes"
               | to be a greater improvement than an arbitrary metric.
               | 
               | Reason I point that out is there are somethings _I like_
               | , that I don't find comparable to other services and just
               | convenient, not necessarily revolutionary.
               | 
               | For example, give me a cloud platform that has the same
               | pricing structure for developers. The pricing structure
               | is that I only pay once application deployment, and then
               | get unlimited reads at any amount of bandwidth for free,
               | and all my users pay to update my variables and database,
               | instead of me. That's not the case with GCP, Azure, AWS
               | and anything non-blockchain that I've looked at. I like
               | that development environment. I like that the users are
               | willing to pay and have an insatiable demand of doing so.
               | I don't care that the same application _could_ work at
               | orders of magnitude greater throughput on other cloud
               | systems when the users now have to be found and then go
               | through a 12-step funnel to be convinced to use credit
               | card rails. So that observation is going to continue
               | attractive developers and their whole networks.
               | 
               | I enjoy the instant collateralized lending. That's
               | revolutionary in the sense that the speed is light years
               | better.
               | 
               | I enjoy the price discovery that allows for the instant
               | collateralized lending.
               | 
               | I enjoy the free and standardized API access that allows
               | for the price discovery.
               | 
               | I enjoy being able to chain actions across distinct
               | services. Especially consequential financial actions, but
               | also not necessarily.
               | 
               | I enjoy being able to simulate the state of the entire
               | economy, to see what affects what. Since you can branch
               | off of a blockheight and prod locally.
               | 
               | I like that there's enough people there for any of this
               | to matter. I'm not someone that needs the
               | "revolutionizes" and "a billion users" goal posts. I
               | think its right for people to be disillusioned by crypto
               | enthusiast's ideological claims. Its still financial
               | services, merely because there are finances to service.
               | The same as how the non-crypto financial services
               | industry works (the largest industry on the planet). It
               | doesn't have to have utility _to you_ , it just needs to
               | reduce friction for the people that are already there,
               | and there are lots now.
               | 
               | This doesn't require the decentralization or chains, just
               | the same development environment and distributed use of
               | it amongst many organizations. But without the
               | speculation component and confidence in the system, that
               | won't happen, in the mean time this exists and its fine.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Are those things you enjoy worth the massive transfer of
               | wealth from many people to a few people that seems to be
               | the result of crypto markets?
        
               | yieldcrv wrote:
               | Yes, it is worth it. Crypto doesn't aim to solve what you
               | just described about every market. Crypto has the same
               | distributions seen in other markets and economies.
               | 
               | Crypto just lets you watch it in real time. The efficacy
               | of its transparency selling point is actually at the crux
               | of criticisms.
               | 
               | Whether its simple noticing there's a big market for
               | collectibles, but pretending crypto's version of
               | collectibles are uniquely speculative problems.
               | 
               | Or seeing that the cryptocurrencies have wealth
               | consolidated in the hands of a few, as if that undermines
               | something about an infinitely divisible asset, while the
               | criticism is describing state currencies.
               | 
               | We can see the phishing attacks and hacks globally,
               | compared to not being able to see and quantify that
               | outside of crypto, we choose not to make an international
               | headline every time someone falls for a scam outside of
               | crypto.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | yashg wrote:
             | Just because I have a different opinion than you don't mean
             | I haven't done my research or don't know shit. For you
             | crypto folks the only legitimate research is the one that
             | concludes that it is a magical cure to every problem known
             | to mankind. You guys keep harping about doing your own
             | research but if someone does research and conclude that
             | it's a decentralised ponzi, you dismiss it as bad research.
        
               | xk_id wrote:
               | Surely you can appreciate how difficult it is to take
               | someone seriously who claims to have done research, only
               | to conclude it's mumbo jumbo?
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | > I feel ppl like you act in very bad faith, but you also
             | claim crypto isn't even financial infrastructure, so
             | perhaps you're just clueless.
             | 
             | You did not present any argument in your defense beyond "I
             | looked at it, trust me br0", and then claimed the person
             | you're responding to is acting in bad faith.
             | 
             | However, the Bayesian in me says that (from a simple search
             | on, say, youtube or twitter), anyone who is extolling the
             | virtues of crypto is highly likely to be selling me
             | something worthless, and thus acting in bad faith. How do
             | you expect people to reconcile these facts?
        
               | yashg wrote:
               | Crypto crowd suffers from confirmation bias and are a
               | classic example of the Dunning-Kruger effect. Any
               | research that doesn't conclude the greatness of crypto is
               | not valid research.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | > You did not present any argument in your defense beyond
               | "I looked at it, trust me br0"
               | 
               | Neither did the other person.
               | 
               | > However, the Bayesian in me says that (from a simple
               | search on, say, youtube or twitter), anyone who is
               | extolling the virtues of crypto is highly likely to be
               | selling me something worthless, and thus acting in bad
               | faith. How do you expect people to reconcile these facts?
               | 
               | Opinions are not facts.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | > Opinions are not facts.
               | 
               | Wouldn't expect bagholders to know the difference.
               | 
               | However, if you read my comments carefully, you'll see
               | that I described an experiment that anyone can repeat and
               | reproduce to come to their own conclusion.
        
               | xk_id wrote:
               | I mean, ignorance is worthless too. You're still getting
               | scammed by trusting the skeptics blindly, you just get
               | scammed intellectually instead of financially.
        
             | foepys wrote:
             | > Just technical stuff
             | 
             | There is nothing technical about the biggest "stable coins"
             | not being able to produce a single audit of their
             | financials. The only thing they were able to show were
             | "attestations" of USD in a bank account and even that was
             | done by some shady accounting firms.
        
               | thinkmassive wrote:
               | Are those stable coins actually cryptocurrencies?
        
           | Datagenerator wrote:
           | Market makers which are in the game of naked short selling
           | and using Dark markets to route orders to is the real
           | financial market?
        
             | styren wrote:
             | Are you implying that they are not providing liquidity to
             | "real financial markets"? In that case do you mind making
             | your argument?
        
               | weard_beard wrote:
               | Providing liquidity by infinitely counterfeiting shares
               | and routing them off exchange to prevent accurate price
               | discovery is only "useful" to the cartel who sell
               | options.
               | 
               | If you're implying that somehow grandma is being done a
               | disservice because her pension fund can't make the trades
               | they want when they want then YOU need to explain how
               | "liquidity" benefits anyone that matters.
        
               | styren wrote:
               | I didn't imply anything, I was asking for his reasoning
               | since he didn't provide any.
               | 
               | And I'm not sure how to respond to anyone that buckets
               | people into those that do and those that don't matter.
               | Your argument doesn't seem to be made in good faith.
               | 
               | Such a weird attack and downvote just for asking for a
               | clarification?
        
               | weard_beard wrote:
               | Providing Liquidity is a crime that harms everyone except
               | market makers and economists. I'm pretty sure they don't
               | matter.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | The ads market comes to mind here, but it is a pretty clear
         | violation of securities law to have the broker and the exchange
         | be the same company for financial products.
        
           | samwillis wrote:
           | Don't get me started on the ad market.
           | 
           | One company is the broker, the exchange, a major placement
           | vendor, and the software vendor for algorithmic trading
           | (which is a black box anyway). On top of that, in order to
           | trade, you have to show them your books so they know
           | _everything_ about your business. And finally there is the
           | extortion as well, don 't advertise against your own name, oh
           | sorry someone else is paying more.
           | 
           | The whole thing is engineered to extract every last ounce of
           | margin from the advertisers. However due to the duopoly of
           | the two colluding players (they carefully don't compete with
           | each other) there is no choice.
           | 
           | It's frankly absurd the situation we have gotten into with
           | online ads. It needs significant regulation.
        
         | weard_beard wrote:
         | Yes, Citadel securities.
        
         | tornato7 wrote:
         | Coinbase is not a market maker. Only FTX had that going,
         | through Alameda.
        
           | andirk wrote:
           | Any large player can move markets albeit not like the Alameda
           | scam. In Coinbase's case, listing a coin can be a big deal.
           | However, I've tried to time those new listings and it doesn't
           | seem to do too much re: value.
        
         | mlrtime wrote:
         | Please provide your source on Coinbase being a market maker. Do
         | you have any information here because it's clearly wrong.
         | 
         | Please check before making these claims.
        
           | tarunupaday wrote:
           | i do not know why you are being downvoted. coinbase is not
           | market maker - in the traditional sense of the word.
           | 
           | "market maker" has a very specific meaning. just because they
           | can "move markets" or "list coins" does not make them market
           | maker.
        
             | weard_beard wrote:
             | They provide liquidity by internalizing orders and never
             | bothering to acquire the underlying. Isn't that the
             | definition?
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | No.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | What you're describing is a typical aspect of brokers.
               | Market makers provide large standing buy and sell orders
               | so that anyone who wants to buy/sell a security at
               | ~market price can do so.
        
               | weard_beard wrote:
               | I just described the sausage making of, "anyone who wants
               | to buy/sell a security at ~market price can do so."
               | 
               | I'm sorry you don't like sausage.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | It's great for customers but not so great for "brokers".
         | Securities exchanges in the US are not allowed to let retail
         | customers trade directly and have to go through "brokers"
         | (basically middlemen who take a cut on transactions).
        
           | lottin wrote:
           | The ability of a service provider, such as a broker, to set
           | prices above production costs depends on the amount of
           | competition in the market. The higher the competition, the
           | thinner the margins are going to be. So, a monopolistic
           | broker that doubles as exchange is absolutely not good for
           | customers. In this scenario customers will be charged higher
           | prices for brokerage services, compared to what they would be
           | paying in a competitive market.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | Why would adding middlemen lower prices? If it dit, why not
             | require another layer? Brokers of brokers, etc. I think you
             | can see that it doesn't make sense.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Okay... I see this is going to be a tough one.
               | 
               | You're not adding an intermediary. The broker and the
               | exchange do different jobs. Coinbase is an exchange _and_
               | a brokerage firm. Under the current arrangement, Coinbase
               | is providing its customers with both exchange and
               | brokerage services, so Coinbase customers are paying for
               | both. If Coinbase was providing exchange services to
               | brokerage firms, and these brokerage firms were providing
               | brokerage services to retail investors, these investors
               | would still be paying for both services (directly or
               | indirectly), but prices would be lower due to competition
               | among brokerage firms.
        
               | mlrtime wrote:
               | I don't think you get it.
               | 
               | In traditional stock markets you must do:
               | 
               | Retail -> Broker -> Exchange
               | 
               | Coinbase allows:
               | 
               | Retail -> Coinbase Exchange
               | 
               | Retail -> CB Broker -> CB Exchange
               | 
               | Retail -> Broker -> CB Exchange
               | 
               | How is this not better for retail than traditional
               | finance? How can I get DMA at the NASDAQ as an
               | individual?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > How can I get DMA at the NASDAQ as an individual?
               | 
               | "You can't, but it's for your own good" - Brokers
        
               | growse wrote:
               | Of course you can. It's just hilariously expensive, so
               | cheaper to get someone to do it for you.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | I know individuals can become brokers, it was a bit of
               | satire. My point was that those regulations ultimately
               | benefit brokers, not consumers.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Oh, yeah? How does a retail investor settle a transaction
               | without going through CB broker?
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | I don't understand what you mean here. In what way do you
               | consider Coinbase a brokerage? Users on Coinbase can
               | trade directly on its exchange and pay trading fees.
               | Restricting the exchange to only brokers would mean that
               | the middlemen ("brokers") would now pay the trading fees
               | and pass that cost onto their customers, plus some
               | brokerage fee (which means a higher total fee for users).
               | The broker-intermediated trades are necessarily more
               | costly than the direct trades.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Does Coinbase do any of the following?
               | - custody of assets         - margin trading         -
               | customer support
               | 
               | If the answer is yes, then Coinbase is providing typical
               | brokerage services which could be provided instead by
               | firms independent from the exchange. Do you not agree?
        
         | yellowapple wrote:
         | The apartment rental market seems like it comes pretty close.
        
         | baby wrote:
         | Why?
        
           | rich_sasha wrote:
           | All sorts of reasons.
           | 
           | KYC/AML: the exchange wants your business so is more willing
           | to drop their standards. In most markets most participants
           | trade through brokers who also need to do these checks.
           | 
           | Market making: the exchange has an unprecedented insight into
           | how it matches trades and the scope to front run other
           | traders. Perhaps even introduce "oops" bugs that their MM
           | then exploits.
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | I mean, of _course_ there are. I can 't name them at this
         | stage, but you'd be naive to not understand that those Dark
         | Pool things are essentially that.
         | 
         | Now, are there "openly visible ones?"
        
           | iudqnolq wrote:
           | You do know that the Dark in Dark Pool refers to the trades
           | being secret, not the pools themselves? You can get a
           | (partial) list of dark pool names from Wikipedia.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_pool
        
             | steveBK123 wrote:
             | The trades aren't even secret, they just don't publish a
             | bid/ask (quote). The trades go to the same consolidated
             | tape as NYSE/NASDAQ/ARCA/AMEX, etc.
        
           | mlrtime wrote:
           | There is so much misinformation on hacker news any time a
           | topic is related to traditional finance , crypto or
           | blockchain.
           | 
           | Dark Pools (ATS) are very much like exchanges except the
           | quotes are not public. All ATS operators are required to
           | record every trade to the consolidated tape in which everyone
           | in this thread has access to if they want to pay for it.
        
           | e63f67dd-065b wrote:
           | That's not what dark pools are at all, please educate
           | yourself before saying something this inaccurate.
           | 
           | > custodian, trading exchange, market maker, and Kyc/Aml
           | 
           | Custodians are people who hold on to funds and securities. If
           | a mutual fund buys a share of Apple, they don't hold the
           | share themselves, it's held by a custodian bank like BNY.
           | 
           | > trading exchange
           | 
           | NYSE/NASDAQ/CBOE/etc are examples of _exchanges_ , where they
           | match up buy orders and sell orders, and nothing more. Dark
           | pools are examples of exchanges, as they are a private place
           | that match up buy/sell orders.
           | 
           | > market maker
           | 
           | Market makers are, as their name suggests, institutions that
           | exist to _make markets_. What this often means is that they
           | have the _obligation_ to maintain both buy and sell orders on
           | specific securities they signed up to make markets for at all
           | times. Examples include Jane Street, Citadel, etc.
           | 
           | > kyc/aml
           | 
           | GP probably mistyped; kyc/aml are _regulations_ that must be
           | followed by financial firms interacting with their customers.
           | Applies to basically everybody here.
           | 
           | A few more:
           | 
           | Clearinghouses: when you trade a security on an exchange, you
           | mere _commit_ to buying x for $y at $settlement date,
           | typically 2 business days after the trade happens. This
           | settlement happens at a clearinghouse, which guarantees both
           | sides of the trade.
           | 
           | The objection from most regulators is that a crypto exchange
           | typically acts as all of the above simultaneously. They are
           | custodians, in that they hold the crypto, they typically make
           | markets, they are obviously an exchange, they provide
           | clearing and settlement services, all at once. Regulators
           | don't like this, since there are conflicts of interest
           | inherent in the roles and they should be separated out into
           | different institutions.
        
             | jrm4 wrote:
             | This is why I said ESSENTIALLY.
             | 
             | Yes, they are technically visible. But so few people know
             | about them and understand them, I'm comfortable with my
             | characterization.
        
               | e63f67dd-065b wrote:
               | No? Dark pools are not essentially a combination of
               | market maker, custodian, exchange, etc. Just because they
               | are not widely understood doesn't mean that you're
               | completely wrong that dark pools are things that they're
               | not.
        
       | jshaqaw wrote:
       | A Bermuda offshore crypto exchange. What could possibly go wrong?
        
       | faangiq wrote:
       | So game over on Monday?
        
         | ajhurliman wrote:
         | Just moved my last few bucks out, let's hope it makes it. I was
         | so bullish on crypto, anything with that much money and
         | brilliance thrown at it must produce some fruit right? I guess
         | not.
        
           | ChainOfFools wrote:
           | There's a relative handful of people for whom it has indeed
           | produced fruit, several dozen to several hundred lifetimes
           | worth. Centralize the profits, decentralize the losses.
           | Nothing new here.
        
         | jejeyyy77 wrote:
         | They're launching an exchange that will offer additional
         | services that won't be available to Americans.
         | 
         | This will allow them to take share and compete with Binance.
         | 
         | This seems bullish for Coinbase as Binance is sitting on a huge
         | pie. Seems like a loss for the US.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | thisgoesnowhere wrote:
           | Loss of what?
        
             | teacpde wrote:
             | Loss of economy. Imagine NYSE doesn't operate in US.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | Except the NYSE hosts companies making planes, cars,
               | hotels, buildings, farms, factories and so on.
               | 
               | Coinbase hosts digital beanie babies.
        
       | frank_bb wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | schleck8 wrote:
       | Something something BVI, Panama, Belize...
       | 
       | True disruption to the existing system
        
         | etothepii wrote:
         | Bermuda is nothing like these places. Bermuda is the third
         | largest insurance market in the world, with pretty much every
         | Fortune 2000 company having insurance that comes through here.
         | 
         | The ultimate court (though technically a different body)
         | contains the same people as the UK's Supreme Court, the legal
         | system is accountable to London (through a UK appointed, UK
         | career civil servant called the Governor) as are the police.
         | The laws and taxes are all made and raised locally. There is a
         | high level of infrastructure, safe etc. and best of all (unlike
         | SF) I've never seen anyone defecating in the streets.
        
           | varjag wrote:
           | If street defecation is your metric than about any place in
           | semi-developed world is equally great.
           | 
           | Why all these Fortune 9000 companies run their business via
           | Bermuda rather than home jurisdictions again?
        
             | etothepii wrote:
             | I am not aware of "Fortune 9000 companies" that "run their
             | business via Bermuda". However, large chunks of the worlds
             | insurance comes through here.
        
             | sclarisse wrote:
             | Why does everyone incorporate in Delaware? Stable,
             | predictable law, commonly used and understood by others in
             | the industry, and -- I say the following as a top tier
             | cryptohater -- somewhere the regulatory authorities aren't
             | out to get you as part of their personal or populist
             | vendettas.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Delaware specifically for the lack of corporate tax.
        
       | Mistletoe wrote:
       | HN hates crypto so they won't recognize it, but there is a
       | massive brain drain and innovation drain leaving the USA right
       | now. Cryptocurrencies are the future of money, whether you want
       | to believe it or not. For the first time, humans can have money
       | free from the whims of a government and the whirr of their money
       | printer. That's a revolutionary idea. This won't be stopped by
       | any government, you can only put your country at a disadvantage
       | by ignoring it or trying to impede it.
        
         | Quindecillion wrote:
         | Bitcoin is the future, not cryptocurrencies.
         | 
         | No one is going to use a company's token as money in any
         | meaningful way at scale.
         | 
         | Only Bitcoin will be used as money the way we understand money
         | now because it's an open and neutral protocol. An internet-
         | native money.
        
           | yashg wrote:
           | >Bitcoin is the future Nope
        
             | Quindecillion wrote:
             | Yep.
             | 
             | I can understand why you would dismiss it if you haven't
             | taken the time to really understand it, or just been fed a
             | stream of anti-Bitcoin propaganda to fool you into thinking
             | you're "informed" about it.
             | 
             | But it's going to be foundational technology to the future
             | of the Internet, online commerce, energy, and the wider
             | global economy.
             | 
             | Learn why, or miss one of the biggest opportunities in your
             | life. Your loss if you choose to ignore it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | phatfish wrote:
               | And apparently "Satoish" is going to become the most
               | powerful person on earth because they hold ~5% of this
               | deflationary "foundational" global
               | currency/commodity/whatever it is.
               | 
               | That reason alone is why it will never happen.
               | 
               | I would work on saving for that ticket to Mars with Elon,
               | there is more chance of starting a new crypto-bro society
               | there than Bitcoin going to the moon on earth.
        
               | LAMike wrote:
               | It's Satoshi, and good luck on Mars, I'm sure Elon would
               | be a great leader for you
        
             | LAMike wrote:
             | > Cope
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | root_axis wrote:
         | Cryptocurrency tech just plain sucks. After more than a decade
         | this is pretty obvious to most everyone. It's not the future of
         | money, not even close, and with LLMs siphoning all the fuel out
         | of the crypto hype machine, most people don't even care anymore
         | - cryptocurrency is a dead meme walking.
        
         | lottin wrote:
         | There's nothing revolutionary about it. Commodity money was the
         | original form of money. Crypto-currency is an attempt to create
         | digital commodity money, except that this is obviously
         | impossible. Instead they have created a fiat currency (because
         | it's created out of thin air) with a promise attached that they
         | will only print a fixed amount of it.
        
         | malthaus wrote:
         | the US should be happy that a bunch of "get rich quick
         | schemers" & snake-oil salesmen are leaving and losing their
         | shirts in the process
        
         | e63f67dd-065b wrote:
         | > This won't be stopped by any government, you can only put
         | your country at a disadvantage by ignoring it or trying to
         | impede it.
         | 
         | Countries have tried and were pretty successful? China banned
         | it, and now it's pretty difficult to trade crypto in China. The
         | US can pass legislation tomorrow saying no crypto no more, and
         | it will be effectively banned from the US. How are you going to
         | trade crypto when nobody wants to touch it?
         | 
         | If you don't comply, your bank will shut down your accounts,
         | the people running the exchanges will get arrested, their
         | websites will get seized, etc. The US financial system is
         | pretty good at keeping track of where USD goes after all, it'll
         | get pushed into the shadow financial sector where all the other
         | crime lives, and that seems pretty much the end for all the new
         | crypto projects.
        
           | jeremyjh wrote:
           | They can make it hard to interface with the traditional
           | fianqncial system but they really can't stop crypto wallets
           | from being used can they? I know this makes it useless for
           | most people just wanting to clarify.
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | > They can make it hard to interface with the traditional
             | fianqncial system but they really can't stop crypto wallets
             | from being used can they?
             | 
             | Same way they can't really, with 100% precision, stop
             | people from buying or selling fentanyl. But I don't think
             | that says much here, does it?
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > HN hates crypto so they won't recognize it, but there is a
         | massive brain drain and innovation drain leaving the USA right
         | now.
         | 
         | That's the narrative the crypto influencers want you to
         | believe, but it's not true.
         | 
         | Web3 / crypto projects are having a huge difficulty recruiting,
         | even in this market. Few people want to go work in crypto
         | because the writing is on the wall.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | The opportunities to borrow cryptocurrencies without collateral
         | are nonexistent and this requires a bank license either way. I
         | don't see the innovation.
         | 
         | If you want to look at the past of money, there is the
         | Chiemgauer which is the most successful complementary currency
         | in Germany and even that one only did 7 million EUR worth of
         | actual consumer/business transactions in 2015 (there are no
         | updated statistics but it is ongoing and growing).
         | 
         | People keep using the national currency because it reduces
         | transaction costs.
        
         | yashg wrote:
         | >Cryptocurrencies are the future of money
         | 
         | LOL
        
         | Escapado wrote:
         | I don't have a horse in the race but I'm curious why you think
         | that?
        
         | bushbaba wrote:
         | Disagree on the brain drain. Curious as to where you believe
         | the talent is going?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | kledru wrote:
         | Nothing new here, but from all these years of experience, the
         | only practical applications for crypto that I've encountered
         | have been attempts to extort money from me, to defraud me, or
         | to simply speculate. Future of money?
        
         | spaceman_2020 wrote:
         | Crypto isn't the future of money.
         | 
         | No one uses it. Its literally a few thousand people left on-
         | chain.
         | 
         | The DAUs of OpenSea is down to a couple of thousand.
         | 
         | All that hype, all that money just to serve two thousand
         | people...
         | 
         | Frankly, its also completely unusable. Gas cost shot up to
         | $50/transaction on Eth mainnet because every idiot was buying
         | memecoins named PEPE and CHAD. Even L2 solutions like Arbitrum
         | were up to $2/transaction. ZkSync mainnet was
         | $15-20/transaction.
         | 
         | And that's when there are only a few thousand active users.
         | Imagine what happens if millions actually do come onchain.
         | 
         | The "future of finance" is being held hostage by idiots trading
         | shitcoins.
        
           | humanizersequel wrote:
           | > a few thousand people left on-chain. > all that money just
           | to serve two thousand people
           | 
           | This is clearly false and I welcome you to try and prove
           | otherwise.
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | You know all on chain data is visible, right?
             | 
             | 1. NFT platforms usage volume. OS is down below 5,000 users
             | [0]
             | 
             | 2. Arbitrum airdrop to 625k wallets. Most users have
             | multiple wallets. I got airdrops on 3 different wallets.
             | Some friends sybilled this to over 100 wallets. Actual
             | unique wallets not more than 100k. Even free money can't
             | entice people to use this. [1]
             | 
             | 3. $PEPE total holders: 35,000. Exclude bots and multiple
             | wallets and that's not more than 15k actual users. Hottest
             | memecoin that shit up to $150M mcap in four days. [2]
             | 
             | 4. USDT daily unique senders/receivers - under 80,000. This
             | doesn't exclude bots, exchanges, smart contracts, and users
             | with multiple wallets (I have 8 wallets). You also can't go
             | more mainstream or "utility" than this coin. Real unique
             | daily users are probably under 30k. [3]
             | 
             | Exchange users are immaterial. They're just traders and
             | investors buying the next cycle of trash. Actual usage
             | metrics are on-chain users.
             | 
             | This is being pitched as the next Visa but in reality, the
             | network slows to a crawl even when it has to serve 10-20k
             | real users. Meanwhile, Visa is able to serve literally
             | hundreds of millions of users every month.
             | 
             | 0. https://dune.com/queries/1622348/2688962?utm_source=mint
             | orsk...
             | 
             | 1. https://dune.com/blockworks_research/arb-airdrop
             | 
             | 2. https://etherscan.io/token/0x6982508145454Ce325dDbE47a25
             | d4ec...
             | 
             | 3. https://etherscan.io/token/0xdac17f958d2ee523a2206206994
             | 597c...
        
               | humanizersequel wrote:
               | I am not interested in getting into the weeds, but
               | honestly, the fact that you're pointing to actual
               | memecoins like "$PEPE" and spurious DAU measurements, but
               | _still_ ceding a 10x of your original 1-2k users claim
               | gives me very little confidence in you being a serious
               | person.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | I have very little confidence in your reading
               | comprehension. I said DAUs of OS (OpenSea) are down to a
               | few thousand, not all of crypto.
               | 
               | I also shared unique transacting addresses for USDT
               | yesterday. That's surely not a memecoin, and that was
               | under 80,000 addresses yesterday.
               | 
               | I trade crypto and its very profitable, but don't waste
               | your time buying the hopium of this scam.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | Bitcoin: around 4,000,000,000 USD transacted _yesterday_
               | on-chain (not counting off-chain)[0].
               | 
               | Ethereum: around 3,000,000,000 USD transacted _yesterday_
               | on-chain (not counting off-chain)[1].
               | 
               | [0] https://www.blockchain.com/explorer/charts/estimated-
               | transac...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.theblock.co/data/on-chain-
               | metrics/ethereum/ether...
        
               | ChainOfFools wrote:
               | This is such a quintessentially crypto huckster response,
               | with all the usual blind spots in all the usual places.
               | You've measured virtual dollars, while OP was measuring
               | actual human users.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | He didn't. Like he admitted, it's not possible to do so
               | with any sort of accuracy using on chain data. There are
               | over a billion Bitcoin addresses but this might overcount
               | the number of users since wallets are typically composed
               | of multiple addresses, or it could undercount due to the
               | popularity of custodian service where multiple users
               | share the same addresses.
               | 
               | The best we can do are surveys. According to this one[0],
               | there are around 34 million Americans that have a
               | cryptocurrency wallet. I suppose the world wide number of
               | users is a lot higher.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.insiderintelligence.com/insights/us-
               | adults-crypt...
        
               | ChainOfFools wrote:
               | Your link isn't showing up yet , but I can answer anyway
               | with my own survey. I can account for over a hundred
               | different crypto wallets, including a number of
               | duplicates on the same chain, some of which have been
               | active at one point or another over the past decade. At
               | one point about 6 years ago it was close to a thousand.
               | And in the circles I used to frequent (miners and pool
               | ops - often the same entities), this was a middling
               | number, not extraordinary at all.
               | 
               | The simple observation that one runs* into the same
               | several dozen people over, and over, and over again at
               | every crypto congregation whether online or in person,
               | should be a strong indication that this is an extremely
               | inbred space and the sock puppetry amplification from
               | principal to agent is conservatively inflating usage
               | metrics by a factor of 100 if not more.
               | 
               | * edit: okay this is somewhat dated information, maybe
               | today it's a couple hundred instead of several dozen.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | I'm in a few telegram groups with a bunch of large
               | whales, including a few influencers you would know by
               | name if you're active on Twitter.
               | 
               | One of these whales has a bot farm sybiling every
               | protocol imaginable 24x7. Got an Arbitrum airdrop of over
               | 1,000,000 tokens across more than 800 wallets.
               | 
               | I have about 10 addresses in my main Metamask account,
               | and I have iirc 4-5 Metamask accounts, each with minimum
               | 2-3 addresses.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > I can account for over a hundred different crypto
               | wallets, including a number of duplicates on the same
               | chain, some of which have been active at one point or
               | another over the past decade.
               | 
               | Indeed, on-chain address data is more or less useless for
               | counting users, I mentioned this in my comments. The
               | survey I shared wasn't based on on-chain data.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | On-chain data establishes a useful upper bound on active
               | user count, but does not say the actual number. The upper
               | bound is low enough to say that it's a few thousand
               | users.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | The upper bound would be over 1 billion for Bitcoin (1+
               | billion unique addresses)[0]. The number of daily active
               | addresses is around 1 million[1]. And that doesn't
               | account for second layer transactions. Where do you get
               | the "few thousand" from?
               | 
               | [0] https://studio.glassnode.com/metrics?a=BTC&category=A
               | ddresse...
               | 
               | [1] https://studio.glassnode.com/metrics?a=BTC&m=addresse
               | s.Activ...
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | I literally shared on chain data. That's actual users.
               | Even if you assume that all 80k unique wallets that
               | exchanged USDT yesterday were real users, that's
               | just...80,000 users. Niche forums have more users than
               | that.
               | 
               | Anyone who has ever created an account on a crypto
               | exchange has a crypto address. I have accounts at
               | Binance, WazirX, Kraken, Crypto.com, Gate.io, Mexc,
               | ByBit, and probably 2-3 more exchanges I can't remember.
               | That means I have 10+ addresses.
               | 
               | But that's not real users. Any money I've sent to
               | exchanges is just for trading/investing. I'm not actually
               | _using_ the tech.
               | 
               | On-chain usage is the only real usage. The rest is just
               | banking with more hurdles and scams.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > But that's not real users.
               | 
               | I think we're in agreement here? On-chain data is more or
               | less useless for counting actual users. That's why I was
               | sharing survey data, which is the best approximation we
               | can get.
               | 
               | For actual users using the tech, it's also difficult to
               | know but we can see that the on-chain transaction volume
               | is quite significant (multi billion dollar daily).
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | > On chain data is more or less useless for counting
               | actual users.
               | 
               | I assume anyone who owns crypto but hasn't made any on-
               | chain trasaction to not be a real user but just a
               | speculator. Ergo, immaterial if you're talking about the
               | viability of the network to scale.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | I meant it was useless in the sense that we can't
               | accurately determine the number of users from looking at
               | on-chain data. As you've also explained in earlier
               | comments, there is the issue of "multiple addresses - one
               | user" and there is the issue of "single address -
               | multiple users". If we ignore the latter issue, we can
               | put an upper bound at ~1 billion users for Bitcoin due to
               | the unique address count but that's just an upper bound,
               | the actual number is lower but we can't know how much
               | lower.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | We're on the same page but we're looking at different
               | metrics. I'm talking about daily usage which, even if you
               | assume that every wallet is a unique user, is in the tens
               | of thousands at most.
               | 
               | The entire point is that crypto adoption is abysmally low
               | for a tech that almost every tech literate person in the
               | world has heard about now, and that this tech falls apart
               | even for this limited user base.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > I'm talking about daily usage which, even if you assume
               | that every wallet is a unique user, is in the tens of
               | thousands at most.
               | 
               | That's incorrect. The number of daily active addresses
               | for Bitcoin is around 1 million[0].
               | 
               | > The entire point is that crypto adoption is abysmally
               | low for a tech that almost every tech literate person in
               | the world has heard about now, and that this tech falls
               | apart even for this limited user base.
               | 
               | To me, that's super impressive given that many people on
               | HN initially dismissed. I personally never thought it
               | would grow beyond the initial group of cryptography/p2p
               | nerds. I was super shocked when Bitcoin was mentioned on
               | TV for the first time. Has any non-governmental money
               | ever made it that far? I don't think so. It's come a long
               | way, but I understand the numbers are a bit disappointing
               | to those who were expecting Bitcoin to completely
               | displace fiat. And in the end, it's a matter of
               | perspective and there's no right or wrong answer.
               | 
               | [0] https://studio.glassnode.com/metrics?a=BTC&category=A
               | ddresse...
        
               | cableshaft wrote:
               | People don't have to use something every day to be users.
               | 
               | I mostly just buy crypto once a month and every once in
               | awhile make a purchase with it when it makes sense
               | (usually either towards a new computer or some place I
               | don't want getting my credit card info).
               | 
               | If crypto became the default (which I'd be fine with),
               | I'd use it all the time. But there's enough fees
               | converting from USD to crypto and then making a purchase
               | on top of that, as well as hassle with taxes each year
               | (since I do report crypto transactions on my taxes) that
               | trying to use it for all transactions, currently, isn't
               | worth it for me.
               | 
               | So on most days I wouldn't even show up in that 80,000
               | DAU (well, especially since I don't touch USDT at all,
               | keep in mind there's quite a few coins out there, not
               | everyone interacts with all, or even more than a few of
               | them).
               | 
               | And yet I keep up with crypto news, read crypto forums,
               | watch videos about crypto, on an almost daily basis.
               | Personally, I'd consider myself a user of crypto, and
               | find it to be a useful tool. But just like my drill or my
               | hammer, I don't use it every single day, just when the
               | situation calls for it.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | My point is that the network doesn't scale to fit even
               | these very few daily users.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Apples and oranges. I'm talking about real usage. You're
               | talking about people exchanging house money for more make
               | believe money.
               | 
               | Crypto has been positioned as the decentralized
               | alternative to Visa and SWIFT. Their real human users
               | number in the tens of millions daily.
               | 
               | The point remains that if the tech falls apart even with
               | 10-20k real daily users, how does it ever scale to 10-20M
               | daily users?
               | 
               | Also, Bitcoin transaction volume peaked in 2018 and has
               | been trending down for a while :)
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | No, this is the on-chain transaction data ("real usage").
               | The transactions you are referring to ("exchanging house
               | money for more make believe money") is the exchange
               | volume which does not appear on chain and is a lot higher
               | ($18,000,000,000+ for Bitcoin yesterday).
               | 
               | I'm not sure why you say transaction volume peaked in
               | 2018, it didn't. You can zoom out from the graph I linked
               | to and chose the "All" timeframe. There's a lot of
               | variance but 2018 wasn't the peak.
               | 
               | > The point remains that if the tech falls apart even
               | with 10-20k real daily users, how does it ever scale to
               | 10-20M daily users?
               | 
               | Second layer systems like the Liquid network.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Does this chart look like the volume is growing vis-a-vis
               | the marketcap and marketing?
               | 
               | https://bitinfocharts.com/comparison/bitcoin-
               | transactions.ht...
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | That graph is for the number of transaction, not
               | transaction volume. Bitcoin has a max amount of
               | transactions per block and blocks have been more or less
               | saturated since a while so the number of transactions
               | can't actually increase. It certainly doesn't look like
               | it's decreasing. A lot of the transactions has been
               | moving to second layer solutions as well, with on-chain
               | becoming a sort of settlement layer.
        
           | jejeyyy77 wrote:
           | What do you mean by no one uses it?
           | 
           | The market cap of btc says otherwise...
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | Using as money, not trading.
        
               | jejeyyy77 wrote:
               | Market cap is the better metric.
        
               | yao420 wrote:
               | Why when USDT is printing a billion in tether several
               | days a week. They are artificially pumping the price.
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/whale_alert/status/164915959252008550
               | 7?s...
        
               | illiarian wrote:
               | It's a useless metric if no one is using it. It's a
               | magical purely speculative number.
        
               | jejeyyy77 wrote:
               | Market cap is by definition people using it. They've
               | exchanged their money for it.
        
               | illiarian wrote:
               | > Market cap is by definition people using it.
               | 
               | You and I have very different dictionaries it seems
               | 
               | > They've exchanged their money for it.
               | 
               | A thousand people trading magical tokens they pretend
               | cost trillions of dollars doesn't make it: a) worth
               | trillions of dollars and b) any significant usage
        
               | jejeyyy77 wrote:
               | Eh? The fact that people have exchanged trillions of
               | "real" dollars for them means precisely that's what they
               | are worth lol.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Market cap is meaningless. Using market cap as a metric
               | anyone can become the richest person in the world. See
               | here: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/igENXZRECOs
        
               | the_gastropod wrote:
               | That is not how market cap works.
               | 
               | I start a company: SquidSoft, LLC. I sell you equity:
               | 0.000000001% of SquidSoft, LLC for $1. Bam, SquidSoft,
               | LLC's market cap is $1T even though only $1 has traded
               | hands.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | using has many meanings here, and store of value was only
               | one of them
        
           | SN76477 wrote:
           | Crypto is a great service.
           | 
           | But I do not see it as anything other than that.
           | 
           | My process goes like this.
           | 
           | I buy the crypto I need to send, I send it, I am left with 2
           | or 3 us dollars I didn't use in a wallet until I need to use
           | it again.
           | 
           | Better and easier than PayPal, but there are risks such as it
           | isn't secured or backed up and I am ok with those risks.
        
           | LAMike wrote:
           | I encourage you to find out the difference between "crypto"
           | and Bitcoin
           | 
           | I think the Lightning Network has the potential to onboard
           | millions of people today, and billions in the future. Check
           | out how to run you're own node, be your own bank with Bitcoin
           | and ignore the unscalable and scammy side "crypto" projects
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | Bitcoin transactions aren't exactly exploding. And now that
             | chain is also getting cluttered with trash jpegs
             | (Ordinals).
             | 
             | I get the idea and appreciate it. But it's too cluttered
             | with scammers, fraud, and plain money laundering to fulfill
             | its original mission.
             | 
             | I would be happy if it goes down because if it does succeed
             | in its mission, it pretty much means some truly awful human
             | beings will have disproportionate power in our new
             | financial system.
             | 
             | I'd rather not live in a world where Justin Sun owns a
             | large % of my currency supply.
        
               | LAMike wrote:
               | > Bitcoin transactions aren't exactly exploding. And now
               | that chain is also getting cluttered with trash jpegs
               | (Ordinals).
               | 
               | Pick one, it can't be empty and cluttered at the same
               | time
               | 
               | > I would be happy if it goes down because if it does
               | succeed in its mission, it pretty much means some truly
               | awful human beings will have disproportionate power in
               | our new financial system.
               | 
               | Typical HN cope
               | 
               | > I'd rather not live in a world where Justin Sun owns a
               | large % of my currency supply.
               | 
               | It doesn't matter if he owned more than Satoshi, no
               | individual has the power to change the rules of Bitcoin,
               | that is what makes it so powerful
               | 
               | Remind me again what the original mission of Bitcoin was
               | again? It's in the first few lines of the whitepaper if
               | you forgot
        
             | foepys wrote:
             | You need to get the people on LN first, which requires an
             | on-chain transaction. If we assume 10 tx/s (which is very
             | generous) you need over 11 days just to onboard 10,000,000
             | people. Then if somebody did some funky business with the
             | channel and it needs to get closed to save your funds (have
             | fun monitoring all your channels by yourself or paying
             | somebody else to do it), you need to wait for another on-
             | chain transaction to get access to your funds again.
             | 
             | All of this assuming that the routing problem has been
             | solved and the big hubs (I'd call them banks) are able to
             | serve the transactions from their initial funding and don't
             | have to wait to open channels with more funds.
             | 
             | LN is something that works well in a lab but collapses when
             | used by more people than just a few nerds.
        
               | LAMike wrote:
               | First off, props for admitting that LN could get 10
               | million users on board in 11 days, even with a
               | conservative 10 tx/s estimate. If you look into channel
               | factories, this could scale the potential users to 100
               | million users in less time than ChatGPT took, which is
               | the most viral product of the past few decades. Is that
               | not good enough for you?
               | 
               | About the whole routing problem and "big hubs" thing -
               | remember, the LN is all about being decentralized. As
               | more users and businesses join in, routing gets better
               | and better, so you won't have to rely on any single big
               | player. Plus, with the LN's atomic multipath payments
               | (AMP), payments can take different paths, making it even
               | easier to send Satoshis around the world. You can run
               | your own node with a 10 year old Thinkpad you can buy on
               | Ebay for $100.
               | 
               | Also anyone with Cash App can send Bitcoin over LN,
               | today. I don't think you would call everyone with that
               | app a nerd, would you? There are farmers, grandmothers
               | and people in the developing world using Bitcoin to
               | survive today, those aren't nerds to me.
               | 
               | Btw it's pretty funny calling other people nerds when you
               | lurk on HN. If you haven't noticed, nerds have been
               | running the world for a while now.
        
       | olliej wrote:
       | They've been given plenty of clarity: crypto is very clearly a
       | security and they've repeatedly been told it is such. What they
       | want is for new "clarity" in which they are magically no longer
       | subject to the same financial regulations that every other
       | security is.
        
         | localplume wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | devoutsalsa wrote:
         | I briefly worked for a crypto company. This is my personal
         | observation.
         | 
         | The SEC regulates understood things. If you create something
         | new, they're not going to give guidance for it because they
         | don't have to give. They're not in the business of helping
         | people create new markets.
        
           | DennisP wrote:
           | But they also shouldn't be in the business of preventing
           | people from creating new markets, unless we want our society
           | to stagnate.
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | > But they also shouldn't be in the business of preventing
             | people from creating new markets, unless we want our
             | society to stagnate.
             | 
             | That's actually their entire business... to stop
             | sophisticated private enterprises from fleecing the public
             | by offering unregistered securities.
        
             | hnbad wrote:
             | Disruption for disruption's sake doesn't seem desirable.
             | Stagnation is bad, but not as bad as going in the wrong
             | direction instead of staying still.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Historically, top-down control of economies hasn't worked
               | out that well. The whole point of free markets is to let
               | everyone decide on the directions they want to take.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | super256 wrote:
         | Uhh, the SEC said that bitcoin is _not_ a security, but a
         | currency. Like Euro or Yen. [1]
         | 
         | They also said that _some_ cryptos on coinbase _are_
         | securities, but when coinbase asked which ones, the SEC said
         | ,,lol we won't tell you but we will probably sue you soon for
         | that". [2]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/news/sec-chair-says-bitcoin-
         | not...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.coinbase.com/blog/we-asked-the-sec-for-
         | reasonabl...
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | > They also said that some cryptos on coinbase are
           | securities, but when coinbase asked which ones, the SEC said
           | ,,lol we won't tell you but we will probably sue you soon for
           | that". [2]
           | 
           | Why is SEC supposed to do the job of Coinbase's lawyers? If I
           | want to make a shitcoin tomorrow and ask the SEC for
           | "regulatory clarity", are they required to respond to me?
           | What if I programmatically create a new shitcoin every 30
           | seconds? Am I also allowed to cook up some substances and
           | mail them to the DEA to get some "regulatory clarity"?
           | 
           | Coinbase does business in a legally unclear area, which is
           | why its primary expense should be lawyers. You can't just
           | skimp on that and expect government agencies to do your work
           | for you. If you try that, good luck defending yourself in
           | court.
        
             | super256 wrote:
             | > Why is SEC supposed to do the job of Coinbase's lawyers?
             | 
             | The current legal framework for determining whether
             | something is a security or not is the Howey test [1]. And
             | it looks like that Coinbase's listings pass the test? If
             | they didn't, they would've been sued already.
             | 
             | Why try to redefine what makes up a security on the fly
             | without telling anyone?
             | 
             | [1] https://www.sec.gov/corpfin/framework-investment-
             | contract-an...
        
               | growse wrote:
               | > And it looks like that Coinbase's listings pass the
               | test? If they didn't, they would've been sued already.
               | 
               | Sued by who? The SEC? Who have told them that they intend
               | to bring a legal action?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nothrowaways wrote:
       | `
        
         | rohith2506 wrote:
         | I can say the same about literally every security apart from
         | crypto. Heck, even money is just an useless paper that we put
         | too much value on. Proving my point that anyone can be a cynic
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | "U.S. SEC Chair Gary Gensler told lawmakers on Tuesday that he
       | had "never seen a field that's so non-complying with laws".
       | 
       | Crypto firms say they need clarity about regulations, but Gensler
       | has said that crypto markets "suffer from a lack of regulatory
       | compliance, not a lack of regulatory clarity"."
       | 
       | Maybe calling it a "field" is being too generous. Crime is crime.
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | Yeah, he really doth protest too much.
         | 
         | Regardless of how you _feel_ about crypto, if you 're at all
         | familiar with _law_ you 'd understand that we're simply in
         | uncharted territory here; saying that crypto is super dirty and
         | non-compliant is quite literally as inaccurate as saying that
         | it's super clean and fully in-line. The law simply isn't
         | _there_ yet.
        
           | imustbeevil wrote:
           | They're unregistered securities. Putting them on the internet
           | doesn't change that. We have laws for securities.
           | 
           | If you carve a dollar sign into a Banana, commit fraud and
           | embezzle billions of dollars, the problem wasn't the lack of
           | Banana law.
        
             | jrm4 wrote:
             | I think you've just made a point in _favor_ of crypto, and
             | certainly against Gensler, who pretty much made an argument
             | in favor of banning  "bananas" entirely.
        
           | iudqnolq wrote:
           | The law isn't there yet if you want crypto to work. But
           | Gensler wants to kill crypto, and for that simply applying
           | the existing rules fairly will do.
           | 
           | Crypto doesn't have an inherent right to have the laws
           | rewritten to enable it, it needs to make the case for why
           | that would be good for the public. So far it hasn't.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Crypto, like anything else, is legal unless it it outlawed.
             | And it hasn't been. Only congress has the power to pass
             | such a law.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | WalterSear wrote:
               | Unregistered securities are illegal.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | Great, now prove crypto is a security. They haven't done
               | this yet. I'm sure some fall under that definition, but
               | some of the big boys, especially ETH, are at least
               | ARGUABLY not, and the SEC simply hasn't done enough
               | homework yet.
        
               | lacker wrote:
               | Unregistered securities are legal, you just can't sell
               | them to the public. That is one possible outcome for
               | crypto tokens - you could still own Ethereum, and one
               | individual privately selling some to another individual
               | would be legal, but companies like Coinbase wouldn't be
               | allowed to sell it to the public.
        
               | re-thc wrote:
               | Crypto itself isn't illegal but why is it different? A
               | real bank needs banking license and regulation and yet an
               | "exchange" doesn't.
        
             | jrm4 wrote:
             | I get what you _want_ but that 's NOT HOW LAW WORKS or
             | should work.
             | 
             | You don't get to declare something is bad first without
             | reasoning your way through it through a tested system like
             | law. That's more or less anti Constitutional / American
             | etc.
        
               | iudqnolq wrote:
               | It depends on the specifics.
               | 
               | For example, suppose a drug cartel invents a new formula.
               | The DEA gets to ban it under existing law.
               | 
               | I'm not saying that's analogous. I'm merely providing a
               | counterexample for your idea that the government always
               | has to create custom laws whenever something new happens.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | > For example, suppose a drug cartel invents a new
               | formula. The DEA gets to ban it under existing law.
               | 
               | The cartels exist in the first place specifically because
               | the DEA exists and keeps knee-jerk banning things without
               | bothering to demonstrate actual harm.
        
               | iudqnolq wrote:
               | I agree. But it's pretty obvious they're legally allowed
               | to do it.
        
             | csomar wrote:
             | Crypto as in crypto-currencies is simply two (or multiple)
             | peers exchanging information between them. They do not need
             | a law to permit that, a case for the "good for the public",
             | or anyone authorization for that matter.
        
               | ufo wrote:
               | By that logic, most financial crimes are just people
               | signing and exchanging pieces of paper.
        
               | mikeryan wrote:
               | Yes?
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | Should we make financial crimes legal on the basis that
               | "It's just signing and exchanging pieces of paper"?
        
               | drsnow wrote:
               | Is that not the case?
        
               | bluecalm wrote:
               | Crypto is the same as introducing your own currency and
               | printing your own notes. "But it's on the computer"
               | doesn't change the nature of it.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | Not necessarily; a reasonable argument is "it's just
               | another commodity that can change in value." Someone can
               | introduce Pokemon cards and they can change value just
               | fine.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Introducing your own currency and printing your own notes
               | is legal and has a long history in the US and elsewhere.
               | One famous example is the Ithica Hours.
               | 
               | https://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/cs181/projects/20
               | 10-...
        
               | ChainOfFools wrote:
               | except with cryptocurrency the added exploitation of a
               | broader social custom (privacy) shrouds "you" in a thin
               | veil of decentralized deniability, removing all sense of
               | accountability.
        
               | iudqnolq wrote:
               | The way the law works is often by banning based on intent
               | and meaning and content. Exchanging information is too
               | general: the law looks at what information, by whom, for
               | what purpose.
               | 
               | Nearly every white collar crime fundamentally involves
               | some sort of unauthorized communication. (Insider
               | trading, for example, involves receiving information by
               | virtue of a trusted position and then communication
               | information to a broker which causes them to execute
               | trades on your behalf). We can even get beyond white
               | collar: hiring a hitman is obviously illegal even if it
               | involves. communication.
               | 
               | I'm not saying (in this comment) crypto is necessarily
               | bad. I am saying you need to defend it on the merits;
               | it's just info so it's ok isn't how anything in society
               | works.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | But no; we're a default "freedom" kind of place.
               | 
               | You don't get to summarily declare crypto verboten and
               | make crypto prove it's okay -- the burden is on crypto's
               | detractors to show specifically why it's bad.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | One word: FTX.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | No, like a lawyer or policy maker would.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | One word:
               | https://www.fdic.gov/resources/resolutions/bank-
               | failures/fai...
               | 
               | (You can pick which word)
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Looks like a lot more than a word to me. Also, do you
               | respond to car crashes by saying we should get rid of
               | speed limits and drunk driving laws?
        
               | iudqnolq wrote:
               | Sort of.
               | 
               | Gensler doesn't get to wave his hand and eliminate
               | crypto. But he does get to bring lawsuits against crypto
               | companies alleging they violate existing law. He will
               | have the burden of proof in those lawsuits. If he wins
               | them he may be able to effectively eliminate crypto
               | through application of existing law.
               | 
               | Edit: I realize "you have to defend it on the merits" was
               | poorly phrased. What I meant was that I predict judges
               | will find crypto against existing law. So if you want it
               | to be allowed you'll need to argue for new laws. But it
               | was a very bad way to put it.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | And that will be when things get _really_ interesting;
               | the entire point of crypto is to route around this.
               | 
               | I'm not saying this as particularly pro OR anti, but
               | feels like there's a lot of heads in the sand on the fact
               | that some of this stuff provably works VERY WELL, and its
               | especially odd that even _tech folks_ (who would be
               | expected to understand it) appear to be so  "luddite" on
               | it.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | > its especially odd that even tech folks (who would be
               | expected to understand it) appear to be so "luddite" on
               | it.
               | 
               | Have you considered the alternative hypothesis that these
               | smart people are actually understanding the true nature
               | of crypto very well, and you are stuck in a confirmation
               | bias loop?
               | 
               | Whether the "tech" works is very different question than
               | the social effect of it. A biochemist can be awed by the
               | effectiveness of fentanyl while also maintaining that the
               | average person should never be getting their hands on it.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | I _almost_ like your fentanyl comparison -- but where it
               | fails to me is that your biochemists will have very
               | specific ideas about what will happen.
               | 
               | To me, tech's war on crypto feels more like "the War on
               | Drugs." It's fine to be against, but it's the _extreme_
               | lack of interest in discussing detail (which if you were
               | _anti_ you 'd need to get into to stop it) and they don't
               | do that.
               | 
               | Let's say you wanted to attack crypto on principle?
               | Great. First you'd need to ID and figure out their weak
               | points. Bitcoin kills the environment so you attack
               | there. Now, others don't - but a lot of the post ETH
               | coins are centralized with a small number of founders, so
               | you can get them there. Now, ETH is going to be harder
               | because they've done a better job on decentralization...
               | 
               | ETC.
               | 
               | That little paragraph above is orders of magnitude more
               | detailed than any actual attack I've seen. Which again-
               | SUPER WEIRD for tech folks!
        
               | flangola7 wrote:
               | They're not just exchanging information they're
               | exchanging something that, by their very own account, has
               | financial value. We as society figured out long ago
               | through hard real life lessons that there must be
               | sophisticated rules and regulations around financial
               | transactions or else enormous negative consequences and
               | human suffering follow.
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | 100% agree.
               | 
               | And the "sophisticated" part is important. This is where
               | Gensler failed hard. You have to make the case.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | > we're simply in uncharted territory here
           | 
           | We're not. Gensler certainly doesn't think so. With a few
           | exceptions, the overwhelming majority of crypto are
           | securities. In most instances, they are indistinguishable
           | from equity.
           | 
           | Just because some people believe in the promise of blockchain
           | technologies doesn't change the nature of the things that you
           | ultimately store on said chains.
        
             | jrm4 wrote:
             | Gensler doesn't much think at all, apparently.
             | 
             | Again, "Crypto is securities" is an interesting
             | proposition, but there are legal tests and crypto doesn't
             | always "pass" all of them. I'm not saying he's definitely
             | wrong, I am saying that there's not enough "homework" out
             | there to prove he's right and he (et al) need to do better
             | about putting up or shutting up.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Would you read what you are writing?
               | 
               | Gensler doesn't need to prove _all_ crypto is definitely
               | 100% unregistered security, just that some of the ones
               | sold by Coinbase is. How certain are you in the claim
               | that none of the cryptocurrencies peddled by Coinbase is
               | not legally a security?
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | Yeah well that's just not how any of this works.
               | 
               | Gensler makes the rules, and the courts will adjudicate
               | any challenges.
               | 
               | There's no homework to be done: most crypto doesn't pass
               | the Howey test.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | Apparently he thought ETH was in uncharted territory.
             | Meanwhile the head of the CFTC says many cryptocurrencies
             | including ETH are commodities.
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | Yes, the head of the Commodities Futures Trading
               | Commission has a clear incentive to call things
               | commodities. Unfortunately, he's not the one who gets to
               | say whether they're securities.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | The head of the Securities and Exchange Commission has a
               | clear incentive to call things securities.
               | 
               | He doesn't "get to say" whether things are securities
               | either. He can _claim_ they 're securities but he has to
               | prove cases in court, which isn't turning out to be that
               | easy even for XRP.
               | 
               | Ultimately, Congress decides the rules, and not everyone
               | in Congress thinks the SEC is doing a good job here.
        
           | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
           | Some things are "uncharted" but others are simply illegal,
           | like selling unregistered securities. The supposed confusion
           | on this point is a pretense to help the legal defense
           | whenever regulators get around to enforcing the law.
        
             | jrm4 wrote:
             | And again, why is crypto a security? There are a lot that
             | clearly do fall under it, but many of the big guys don't. I
             | don't believe you can summarily call Ethereum a security
             | without more homework.
             | 
             | That's where Gensler failed. He may not be wrong, but he
             | needs to show his work.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | > I don't believe you can summarily call Ethereum a
               | security without more homework.
               | 
               | Ethereum voluntarily changed its definition since the
               | last time SEC gave it "not a security" status.
               | 
               | > That's where Gensler failed. He may not be wrong, but
               | he needs to show his work.
               | 
               | I am sure he would be very happy to show his work to the
               | court. Thus the Wells notice to Coinbase and the lawsuit
               | against Bittrex. He is just not required to show his
               | homework to Coinbase, much to the dismay of crypto
               | shillers.
        
             | dontknowwhyihn wrote:
             | Isn't it interesting how crypto went from tulips to
             | securities all of a sudden?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Just because some cryptocurrencies are obvious
               | securities, especially the ICO ones, doesn't mean there
               | aren't tulip like cryptocurrencies. Cryptocurrencies are
               | inherently non monolithic in design.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | karlshea wrote:
               | Tulip mania did have to do with securities, it was
               | basically an options contract bubble.
        
         | koolba wrote:
         | That's rich coming from the guy who couldn't even answer a
         | basic yes/no question by Congress, " _Is ethereum a commodity?_
         | ".
         | 
         | His congressional testimony was a joke. How that man still has
         | the job of SEC chief is quite the mystery. Being CFO of Hillary
         | Clinton's 2016 campaign is probably a factor.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _That's rich coming from the guy who couldn't even answer a
           | basic yes /no question by Congress, "Is ethereum a
           | commodity?"_
           | 
           | Commodities aren't Gensler's job. It would be like someone
           | asking him about the tax code. It's fair for him to say "I
           | don't know." What he knows are securities.
        
           | ackbar03 wrote:
           | So is ethereum a commodity?
           | 
           | No seriously, I can't answer that either.
        
             | chaxor wrote:
             | It's just a currency. That seems rather simple. WTF is a
             | "commodity"?
        
               | scrollaway wrote:
               | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/commodity.asp
        
           | e63f67dd-065b wrote:
           | The reason he won't answer the question is because it's
           | complicated.
           | 
           | On one hand, yes, Ethereum is obviously a security, it raised
           | money from investors to make a thing, and investors expected
           | to get rich off it.
           | 
           | On the other hand, Ethereum is currently regulated as a
           | commodity by the CFTC.
           | 
           | If he says Ethereum is a security, then there's a political
           | mess.
           | 
           | If he says Ethereum is a commodity, then it breaks down the
           | SEC's case for all the crypto projects out there that's
           | basically stock IPOs but with a thin crypto layer on top.
           | 
           | I would not impute his credentials, he was a partner at
           | Goldman Sachs and was chair of CFTC under Obama. He was
           | involved in crafting a great deal of policy after 08 around
           | the new regulations for financial institutions. He's not
           | stupid, he's clearly a better person for the job than most of
           | the people here on HN.
        
             | marcell wrote:
             | How can crypto companies be expected to follow the law, if
             | the head of the SEC cannot say if Ethereum is a security or
             | a commodity?
        
               | lacker wrote:
               | Well, it's easy to follow the law. Just be conservative
               | and treat Ethereum like an unregistered security. Ie,
               | don't offer it for sale to the public.
               | 
               | That certainly isn't a good outcome for Coinbase, though,
               | so I can see why the crypto companies wish the SEC had a
               | different suggestion.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | Laws the CEO doesn't like are "unclear". He doesn't like
               | any laws because they are intended to thwart grifters
               | like him. So all regulation is unclear.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | Is not giving a yes or no bad?
           | 
           | Maybe it isn't clear?
        
             | hbbio wrote:
             | It's really bad.
             | 
             | In the press, he says that "actors are not complying" but
             | not being able to answer the most simple question (there
             | are others more complex) is *not* playing in SEC favour.
             | 
             | Comply with what? Ethereum is the most used
             | "crypto"-currency and the ecosystem players like Coinbase
             | (a YC company) are right by saying they *can't* comply...
             | they don't know what they are supposed to do despite asking
             | repeatedly for years.
        
               | re-thc wrote:
               | > Comply with what?
               | 
               | Comply by not operating at all probably. Just the SEC
               | can't outright say that.
        
               | dontknowwhyihn wrote:
               | The SEC could have prevented Coinbase from becoming a
               | publicly traded company, but they didn't.
        
               | thisgoesnowhere wrote:
               | What are you suggesting here?
               | 
               | Are you saying that because they said coinbase could list
               | that means that crypto is compliant?
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | You didn't answer my other question.
        
               | ghayes wrote:
               | Yes, it's very bad, as if you're a US company, how do you
               | comply if one government agency tells you one thing, and
               | another tells you the opposite. Rule of law fundamentally
               | requires a shared understanding of the law.
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | Did you ask a government agency?
               | 
               | This whole congressional testimony as legal advice for
               | your business makes no sense.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | "the rules are clear"
               | 
               | "great! how would they apply to this simple example?"
               | 
               | "lol, no I can't tell you that!"
        
               | growse wrote:
               | The regulators aren't obligated to tell you how to stay
               | out of trouble.
        
               | thisgoesnowhere wrote:
               | That's not how regulation works with the SEC. The rules
               | are broad and are specificly designed to not be strict so
               | that they can be applied to new technologies and
               | businesses.
               | 
               | You can say you don't like these rules or how they are
               | applied but that's how they have been applied since their
               | inception. This isn't new.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Sadly, the existing rules are clearly not being applied
               | well to these "new" (10+ year old) technologies.
               | 
               | After, whatever decades of "the rules", new technologies
               | have come along that have stumped "the rules". Now, the
               | SEC has to deal with that. Instead of being an adult and
               | having a good conversation, they are just kicking and
               | screaming.
               | 
               | What's happening is that SEC is saying that you're
               | breaking "the rules" (ie: Wells Notice to coinbase).
               | 
               | So, coinbase says... "ok, cool... what rules am i
               | breaking?"
               | 
               | The response is: "lol, no I can't tell you that!"
               | 
               | So now Brian is in DC this week talking to regulators
               | trying to get some clarity. He's posting all sorts of
               | pictures of this on Twitter.
               | 
               | Let's see what happens.
        
               | growse wrote:
               | The response to the wells notice is meant to be an
               | argument as to why you're not in breach of the law. Not a
               | request for more information.
               | 
               | If they're not able to argue why they're not breaking the
               | law, then they should hire better lawyers.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Comments like this and your second one below, seem so low
               | brow and childish. Account from 2011 and 1400 karma...
               | keep up the good work there.
               | 
               | Of course they can argue it, that's what is happening.
               | They are going to sue the government. Why? Because the
               | SEC refuses to even have a conversation about things.
               | They've been trying, for years, to do so. This isn't some
               | random small company, this is a public company that the
               | SEC should be supporting with better answers than just
               | refusing to even meet.
               | 
               | Worse off, along this same thread, Gensler doesn't even
               | have basic answers to questions that he was prepared for.
        
               | growse wrote:
               | You appear to be very confused about the role the SEC
               | plays in the industry. They're not a friendly, supportive
               | legal advice service, they're _law enforcement_.
               | 
               | In any case, even if the SEC did give out legal advice, I
               | don't believe it would form any type of legal precedent.
               | Nothing stops the next administration from taking a
               | different view.
               | 
               | If you're a large public company knowingly entering into
               | a regulated industry where your activities are considered
               | by everyone to be a "a bit of a legally grey area", then
               | litigation is the _entire ball game_. Do the thing, wait
               | to get prosecuted, hope you win.
               | 
               | Alternatively, do some lobbying, get the law changed how
               | you want, then do the activity. Been happening for
               | centuries. Easy as pie.
        
             | bpodgursky wrote:
             | Do you really want to live in a country where the
             | government is not willing to tell you whether you are
             | breaking the law?
        
               | mikeryan wrote:
               | That's literally one of the main jobs of lawyers because
               | there's a shit ton of law that's not clearly defined and
               | based on obscure precedents or never been tried in a
               | court.
               | 
               | Heck half of the court system from Appellate to the
               | Supreme court is to figure out what is and isn't legal.
               | Most government agencies won't tell you if something is
               | legal or illegal because they don't know unless there
               | clear case law on the subject, in which case your
               | attorney should know, and they'd spend all day guessing.
               | 
               | If Coinbase wants clarity then take it to court and run
               | it up the flagpole.
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | I don't think congressional testimony is quite that.
        
               | growse wrote:
               | > Do you really want to live in a country where the
               | government is not willing to tell you whether you are
               | breaking the law?
               | 
               | Show me a country where the government tells whether or
               | not you're breaking the law without actually prosecuting
               | you.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | The answer to that question is a little like people arguing
           | in court "it depends on what your definition of 'is' is." It
           | seems like a simple question, but it's heavily loaded with
           | both future implications and past precedents, and it can be
           | _very hard_ to answer questions like that unless you 're
           | prepared to back up your answer. He clearly hadn't done
           | enough research to answer one way or the other.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | > He clearly hadn't done enough research to answer one way
             | or the other.
             | 
             | He definitely has, or at least he should have. When ETH
             | switched to PoS things changed, but he hasn't officially
             | updated his opinion on it and wasn't willing to go on
             | record about it at this latest hearing.
             | 
             | https://coingeek.com/is-eth-a-security-if-it-wasnt-before-
             | it...
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | It sounds like we agree that he should have, but he
               | hasn't.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | The guy taught courses at MIT on bitcoin and previously
               | shilled algorand. He's done research.
               | 
               | Although, oddly, he's never done a crypto transaction.
               | 
               | He's probably really good at doing standard SEC things,
               | but I'm really starting to question his role in the
               | cryptodigital economy.
        
               | e63f67dd-065b wrote:
               | > Although, oddly, he's never done a crypto transaction.
               | 
               | As Matt Levine wrote on his newsletter, saying that the
               | SEC must have traded crypto to regulate it is like saying
               | the DEA should have used meth to regulate meth -- if you
               | think the thing is bad, then obviously you should
               | understand it, then ban it, without using it yourself.
               | 
               | Now, people can disagree whether the thing is bad, but it
               | would be foolish to assume that the SEC doesn't know how
               | cryptocurrency works. If you look at the career paths and
               | previous work of most of the top bureaucrats at the SEC,
               | you'll see that they were usually involved in a great
               | deal of legislation or had prominent positions in
               | industry doing real projects.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | > like saying the DEA should have used meth to regulate
               | meth
               | 
               | I am being entirely serious when I say that I trust a
               | meth addict more than I do the DEA to create or impose
               | any sort of regulation.
        
               | indy wrote:
               | You don't think it strange that the guy who taught a
               | course on blockchains at MIT has never made a transaction
               | on a blockchain?
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | No. I also think a botanist could understand how plants
               | reproduce without ever having fucked a cabbage.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | That's absolutely hilarious, but a bad analogy.
               | 
               | Have you ever met a botanist who's never touched a plant?
        
               | jonnydubowsky wrote:
               | you win the internet today.
        
               | thisgoesnowhere wrote:
               | You think it's strange that people who are researching
               | cancer drugs have never taken them themselves?
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | The analogy doesn't work.
               | 
               | Everyone has money. Not everyone has cancer.
               | 
               | Anyone who takes cancer drugs, is doing research. There
               | is no "cure" for cancer (yet).
        
               | indy wrote:
               | No I don't think that's strange.
               | 
               | A better analogy might be: would you think it strange
               | that someone teaching a C programming class has never
               | compiled a program?
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | exactly.
               | 
               | would you think it is strange that someone who's teaching
               | a C programming class that has never used a computer?
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | I think you may misunderstand the level or type of
               | research that is involved in answering this question.
               | It's mostly not about cryptocurrency: understanding that
               | is the easy part of answering this question. The real
               | research that needed to be done is on the law, and it is
               | much more complicated and convoluted, and can result in
               | unclear answers until someone gets sued and a court is
               | forced to decide one way or the other.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | He has the entire government behind him and also praised
               | his team at the SEC.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | I'm sure that they will write a nice, thorough opinion
               | once they are done with their research. They are not
               | going to be dropping that opinion to answer a surprise
               | question (ie not something they knew was going to be
               | asked) in a congressional hearing.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | In the video, they literally said they asked the question
               | in private before hand. Highly suggest you watch it
               | before commenting further.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | I am aware of what happened in the testimony. "In private
               | beforehand" doesn't mean "by written request several
               | weeks ahead of time." That would be the requirement to
               | get an answer here.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | It is unclear when they had the conversation. It could
               | have been weeks ahead of time.
               | 
               | That said, the overall conversation about whether ETH is
               | a security, or not, has been going on with Gensler, for
               | years.
        
               | bushbaba wrote:
               | You assume he hasn't done research. Instead it could be
               | his research found there to not be a clear "good" answer
               | and the response was his way out of making a call at such
               | a relatively early industry stage.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | > You assume he hasn't done research.
               | 
               | That's literally the opposite of what I just said.
        
           | lacker wrote:
           | My guess is he doesn't want to answer the yes/no question
           | because this question is going to be the subject of a
           | lawsuit, and his lawyers like most lawyers are in favor of
           | not talking publicly about court cases outside the courtroom.
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | 1. Genseler cannot say whether ETH is a security or a commodity
         | as such statements could have adverse conssequences for the
         | Commission in currrent/future litigation, e.g., SEC v Ripple
         | Labs.
         | 
         | 2. Even if the SEC were to issue guidance that a certain type
         | of crypto operation is exempt from regulation, instead of
         | proceeding on a case-by-case basis, it lacks the resources to
         | carry out the requisite enforcement against all the crypto
         | operations that are not exempt. From what I have read and
         | heard, the likely reason why Genseler will not go after Bitcoin
         | is because he believes the SEC lacks the resources. BTC has too
         | much of a foothold.
         | 
         | IMO, Genseler's SEC is taking on the amount of enforcement it
         | believes it can successfully manage, maybe more. Time will
         | tell. IMO, just because some crypto operations manage to evade
         | SEC enforcement does not mean crypto is a legal grey area. It
         | means the SEC has a limited enforcement budget and is pursuing
         | actions that it believes have the best chances of success.
         | 
         | There is an extraordinary amount of fraud on the internet. One
         | can argue that lack of enforcement against crypto operations is
         | because "the law has not caught up", but perhaps the more
         | likely explanation is that the authorities have not caught up.
        
           | chrismorgan wrote:
           | > _It means the SEC has a limited enforcement budget and is
           | pursuing actions that it believes have the best chances of
           | success._
           | 
           | I'd have expected enforcement to practically print money due
           | to fines. (That one of the deliberate design aspects of fines
           | would be that they would cover all the agency's
           | investigations, successful and unsuccessful.) Is this not the
           | case?
        
             | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
             | "Over at the SEC, a spokesperson said the agency can
             | allocate civil penalties to one of three places: the
             | general fund at the U.S. Treasury, the Treasury's Investor
             | Protection Fund (which is used to help fund awards granted
             | to whistleblowers), or another separate fund used to repay
             | harmed investors."
             | 
             | According to this, fines are not allocated to the
             | Commission to finance further enforcement activity except
             | that funding awards to whistleblowers might lead to more
             | enforcement actions. Keyword: might
             | 
             | https://www.marketplace.org/2022/08/12/where-does-money-
             | coll...
             | 
             | "What Does the SEC Do With Money It Collects From Fines?
             | 
             | This will depend on the nature of the penalty. If investors
             | or others were harmed financially due to a transgression,
             | the penalties collected will be used to recover those
             | losses and make those investors whole. Until the passage of
             | the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, all penalties the SEC
             | obtained were paid to the United States Treasury.
             | 
             | Section 308 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the so-called "Fair
             | Funds provision," permits the SEC to request that certain
             | penalties be added to any disgorgement fund established as
             | part of an SEC enforcement action to return money to
             | shareholders, investors, whistleblowers, or other victims
             | of the defendant's securities law violations."
             | 
             | https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/05/secfines.asp
             | 
             | HN commenters seem to pay particular attention to Matt
             | Levine's ramblings. Here he is dispelling the myth:
             | 
             | "It is not literally the case that the US Securities and
             | Exchange Commission is a for-profit business whose goal is
             | to maximize its revenue, and whose most important source of
             | revenue is fining financial services companies for their
             | misdeeds. But that is sometimes a tempting way to think
             | about things."
             | 
             | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2023-02-02/the-
             | se...
        
         | tiahura wrote:
         | The Securities and Exchange act of 1934 doesn't give the SEC
         | authority to regulate bitcoin and thus the SEC doesn't have
         | authority to it.
        
           | ghayes wrote:
           | The Securities Act and the Exchange Act give the SEC broad
           | latitude in regulating securities. The fundamental question
           | is: is Bitcoin a security? The situation now is a bit like if
           | the SEC tomorrow said Harry Potter books were securities,
           | would bookstores suddenly become unlicensed securities
           | exchanges?
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | > _The fundamental question is: is Bitcoin a security?_
             | 
             | https://www.coindesk.com/layer2/2022/06/28/secs-gensler-
             | reit...
        
             | Quindecillion wrote:
             | It's not a security.
             | 
             | It's not a commodity either.
             | 
             | It's money.
             | 
             | You may not agree with that and you may not like Bitcoin,
             | but that doesn't change what it is.
        
               | illiarian wrote:
               | Basically all of crypto passes Howey test for securities:
               | 
               | --- start quite ---
               | 
               | an instrument qualifies as an "investment contract" for
               | the purposes of the Securities Act: "a contract,
               | transaction or scheme whereby a person invests his money
               | in a common enterprise and is led to expect profits
               | solely from the efforts of the promoter or a third
               | party."
               | 
               | --- end quote ---
        
               | Quindecillion wrote:
               | I agree. All of crypto passes the Howey test for
               | securities.
               | 
               | Bitcoin doesn't match that definition though. Who or what
               | entity is the 'promoter' or 'third party' for Bitcoin?
               | There's no registered entity, no (legitimate) foundation,
               | no company, no CEO, no board, no chair. It's just a
               | protocol.
        
               | illiarian wrote:
               | Butcoin's main use case was HODL. You know, in the
               | ancient times of just a few years ago.
               | 
               | And now you'd need an electron microscope to find its use
               | cases as money.
        
         | spaceman_2020 wrote:
         | I've never seen a field with lower adoption than crypto despite
         | billions in marketing.
         | 
         | The actual users on-chain is abysmal and frankly, embarrassing.
         | 
         | Current users onchain is in the thousands. Even when the market
         | was raging, the biggest memecoin in the world could only manage
         | about 1M+ wallets - probably about 80-100k real users.
         | 
         | NFT trading volume is down to under 6-7k active users.
         | 
         | At peak bull market, Tornado Cash, despite its notoriety, had
         | about 125 daily transactions.
         | 
         | Arbitrum, an Ethereum scaling solution, gave out literally free
         | money in the form of an airdrop (I got $15k worth). The airdrop
         | went out to about 650k wallets - under 100k real users.
         | 
         | If crypto were to disappear tomorrow, it would affect a
         | population no bigger than a small Indian town.
         | 
         | An absolute mess. No correlation between adoption and
         | hype/valuation at all.
        
           | SparkyMcUnicorn wrote:
           | What's the source for your data?
           | 
           | I agree with you on the overhype, but if roughly 16% of
           | active addresses are real users, then active users within the
           | past 24 hours would be around the population of the largest
           | city in Indiana rather than a small town.
           | 
           | Source: DefiLlama
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | I said small Indian town, not Indiana town :)
             | 
             | Regardless, NFT platform unique daily users down to ~10-12k
             | across platforms:
             | 
             | https://dune.com/queries/1622348/2688962?utm_source=mintors
             | k...
             | 
             | Total unique daily wallets for Tether (USDT) down to about
             | 80k unique wallets. This is just unique addresses - doesn't
             | filter out bots and users with multiple wallets. You can't
             | go more mainstream than this coin.
             | 
             | https://etherscan.io/token/0xdac17f958d2ee523a2206206994597
             | c...
             | 
             | There are not more than 20-30k active users on chain at any
             | given point.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | Aren't most actual users just in exchange accounts ?
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Yes, which means they are using a centralized third party
               | instead of what's being extolled as the "decentralized,
               | trustless" ecosystem. Maybe that's not as big of a
               | feature as it is claimed to be?
               | 
               | As a reminder, this is what original comment was talking
               | about:
               | 
               | > The actual users on-chain is abysmal and frankly,
               | embarrassing.
               | 
               | Which isn't contradictory with most interaction being on
               | a centralized platform.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | I guess I just don't think that's a distinction worth
               | making. The size of the ecosystem is what matters. The
               | billions sitting in accounts denominated in that
               | currency, and the daily total volume actually do matter,
               | even if the trades are not mostly not happening on chain.
        
               | SparkyMcUnicorn wrote:
               | > I said small Indian town, not Indiana town :)
               | 
               | Big difference! My mistake.
               | 
               | The stats you're referencing appear to be ETH chain only.
               | I'm not really into NFT's, but aren't they more popular
               | on other chains/rollups because of gas cost?
               | 
               | I think the active users might be at least 3x your
               | estimates, but I could be wrong. For example, tether's
               | market cap is >$80b and only ~$30b of that is on ETH.
               | 
               | https://dune.com/rchen8/defi-users-over-time
        
           | nnx wrote:
           | And yet, politicians and the SEC, central banks, or even G7,
           | keep talking almost every week about how it needs to be
           | regulated...
           | 
           | Isn't it weird that there's so much noise around an industry
           | with so few real users then?
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | Think of it this way, a system that is 0.01% of the
             | actually useful financial system can still cause 90% of our
             | scams/pollutions/grifts, mostly because of regulatory
             | arbitrage. Doesn't seem that surprising to me.
             | 
             | It's like saying "the police spends most of their time on
             | criminals even though they are a really small percentage of
             | the population." Yes? That's how laws work.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | Maybe they want to regulate it because its biggest
             | posterboy (SBF) ran the biggest ponzi since Madoff...
             | 
             | Or maybe because its second biggest posterboy (Do Kwon) ran
             | the second biggest ponzi since Madoff...
             | 
             | Crypto fanboys will defend this trash so much that they've
             | already forgiven and forgotten SBF and Do Kwon.
             | 
             | If this industry wasn't filled with scams siphoning off
             | literally tens of billions in real cash, maybe the SEC
             | wouldn't want to regulate it so strongly.
        
               | 0xParlay wrote:
               | But aren't there people out there who actually want the
               | SEC's protection? Offering protection to people who don't
               | want it is a creative use of language.
               | 
               | IMO the discourse around crypto is typically poor because
               | it's a shallow proxy to politics/philosophy/economics.
               | But instead of having a meaningful discussion about any
               | one of those topics we get this.
               | 
               | Let's agree crypto is an unregulated digital casino. Why
               | do people care so passionately about code enforcement
               | when it comes to securities? I could possibly see the
               | moral hazard of gambling addiction but given the state of
               | gambling commercials that ship has sailed.
               | 
               | It goes along the same vein as the SEC protecting non-
               | accredited investors from fraud and risk. I appreciate
               | what the SEC does but there's no way to opt-out of being
               | protected? There's no waiver that can be signed to say
               | "I'm totally going to lose my money and that's okay"?
               | Losing money gambling on sports is good. Losing money
               | gambling on private equity will not be tolerated in a
               | civilized society.
               | 
               | Maybe two people can look at the same fence and feel
               | opposite about it. What makes me feel caged could make
               | someone else feel safe
        
           | mgaunard wrote:
           | Interestingly, the blockchain is only one of the many
           | innovations tied to crypto.
           | 
           | While it was the main innovation originally it's not that
           | major today.
        
             | mgaunard wrote:
             | why is this modded down? This is factual.
             | 
             | Crypto is trading a lot, but on CeFi.
        
           | from wrote:
           | Your analysis misses the enormous amount of activity
           | including P2P trading that occurs within Binance.
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | > ... P2P trading that occurs within Binance
             | 
             | Isn't that a... giant oxymoron? Binance is a centralized
             | third party, BSC is a centralized chain run by Changpeng
             | Zhao and his buddies, and in this thread we are talking
             | about actual, on chain usage off of these centralized
             | platforms.
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | If you're using an exchange whose founder can't even enter
             | the United States and whose HQ is unknown, are you really
             | that much better off than using a plain old bank?
             | 
             | I'm not ideologically opposed to crypto. I believe in its
             | mission.
             | 
             | But this space needs to a very, _very_ deep clean before it
             | can be taken seriously.
        
           | andirk wrote:
           | While I agree with all of that, what's the adoption of gold?
           | It's almost entirely stored in vaults as storage of value and
           | never "used", not even looked at.
           | 
           | I still believe in crypto as a store of value and hence as a
           | possible future global currency, but 10+ years later and it's
           | still almost entirely speculation.
           | 
           | Recently, some big names (Saudi Arabia, Brazil, maybe China)
           | are moving off the dollar and in search of a new global
           | currency. Let us see.
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | Huh? Adoption of gold is in the billions of users.
             | 
             | Every single Indian and Chinese household that has any
             | money at all owns at least some gold in the form of
             | jewelry.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ashwagary wrote:
               | >Adoption of gold is in the billions of users.
               | 
               | To be fair, gold has had atleast 1000 years to gain
               | adoption as money by half the world. Crypto in comparison
               | will probably reach that level of adoption after 30-50
               | years of existence.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Gold didn't reach its current adoption over 1000 years.
               | It always had the current adoption rate. 1000 years ago,
               | if someone gave you gold, you wouldn't wonder, "gee,
               | should I keep this shiny yellow metal or throw it away?"
               | - you would keep it.
               | 
               | We've found gold ornaments in pre-pottery neolithic sites
               | dating back thousands of years. The % of people who want
               | to own gold was near 100% even thousands of years ago.
               | 
               | If anything, gold adoption rate has declined in the
               | modern fiat age, at least in western countries.
        
               | ashwagary wrote:
               | >Gold didn't reach its current adoption over 1000 years.
               | 
               | I didn't say it did, you seem to have misread my post.
               | 
               | >It always had the current adoption rate.
               | 
               | >The % of people who want to own gold was near 100% even
               | thousands of years ago.
               | 
               | I dont know how you could possibly make a claim like this
               | and defend it. Source?
        
       | gitfan86 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | flarex wrote:
         | That's the Bahamas not Bermuda.
        
           | rrdharan wrote:
           | Come on pretty mama..
        
             | gitfan86 wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
       | I_am_tiberius wrote:
       | I would be interested why hackernews is so strong against
       | cryptocurrencies. I am not sure but I assume most readers are
       | from the US where the benefits are limited. Personally, for some
       | time already I'm supporting a friend in Colombia financially and
       | last year I switched to sending him Bitcoin. It's so much easier,
       | cheaper and faster for both of us.
        
         | gitfan86 wrote:
         | No one on HN is suggesting that sending money to Boliva,
         | Columbia, Venezuala via Western Union with local currencies is
         | a great solution to your desire to send money to your friend.
         | Most people would say what you re doing is totally reasonable.
         | 
         | We do suggest that 99%+ of crypto value is not being spent like
         | that. Most of crypto valuations is built on a vague promise of
         | some future useful use cases when the underlying technology is
         | just a slow database with no root password.
        
           | I_am_tiberius wrote:
           | As mentioned in a previous comment, I believe that crypto has
           | limited utility as a business model, primarily serving as on-
           | and off-ramps and for transaction fee handling.
        
             | gitfan86 wrote:
             | Right, so you can understand that it seems like a scam when
             | people are saying that investing in something with limited
             | utility is going to be worth 100x what it is today in
             | purchasing power.
        
               | I_am_tiberius wrote:
               | Yes, that price focus is really silly and distracts from
               | the actual utility. But for me that doesn't explain the
               | hostility here on hackernews.
        
         | lbwtaylor wrote:
         | I understand it's better than traditional remittance services,
         | but did you try (transfer)wise? I use it monthly and it's so
         | good - fast/cheap/easy - that I haven't felt any draw to
         | crypto.
         | 
         | Doesn't bitcoin's volatility affect your use case?
        
           | I_am_tiberius wrote:
           | I actually used it in the past (when it was still called
           | transfer wise) because of predictable FX rate transfers.
           | However, I didn't think of it when we were looking for a
           | better solution for this purpose. I guess, it would have
           | worked as good as Bitcoin, you're right. In regards to
           | volatility: It was not a problem so far as he usually sells
           | some months of runway immediately and for the remaining part
           | he waits until the rate is to his advantage. Sure, there is
           | no guarantee that the price will increase but you have to
           | consider that there is at least 15 percent inflation a year
           | in Colombia. That makes COB/BTC price pairs more attractive
           | than USD/BTC.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | It doesn't offer advantages for most people in the United
         | States and we've had decades of people making claims which were
         | highly fanciful if not fraudulent, with the hucksters behind
         | them refusing to engage intellectually with anyone who points
         | out the flaws in their business plans. The field has tried
         | rebranding a few times ("web3", NFTs, etc.) to shed that
         | reputation but most people simply burnt out on the topic since
         | promoters weren't making competitive services.
         | 
         | That doesn't mean that there are no problems with the status
         | quo - for example, PayPal and western Union have many critics -
         | but rather that the blockchain companies would have been much
         | better off building things which were competitive rather than
         | relying on MLM marketing. International remittances are so bad
         | that even Bitcoin is better but there aren't many cases like
         | that and "slower, costs more, riskier, harder to use" is not
         | generally a compelling sales pitch.
        
           | I_am_tiberius wrote:
           | I just fear that if people here remain hostile, it could give
           | regulators the support they need to get rid of it. I don't
           | care whether the technology becomes big or not, and I don't
           | think it's suitable for business models. However, I do think
           | that since 2008, the banking system has changed for the
           | worse. People are now suspected of committing a crime if a
           | transaction looks odd. Sometimes, I receive emails from my
           | bank asking about the source of money I've received. This is
           | a huge invasion of privacy, and many people may not have
           | documentation about such transactions anymore. It's unfair to
           | be treated like a criminal when you haven't done anything
           | wrong. I believe that Bitcoin provides great relief from this
           | situation. The community can be inconvenient at times, but I
           | don't think that matters much.
        
         | armatav wrote:
         | Honestly, because it's not used much in the US, and because the
         | majority of tech people missed the wealth creation wave of
         | Bitcoin.
        
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