[HN Gopher] The coming war on end-to-end encryption
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The coming war on end-to-end encryption
        
       Author : EGreg
       Score  : 112 points
       Date   : 2023-04-21 17:00 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (community.qbix.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (community.qbix.com)
        
       | EGreg wrote:
       | Author here. Happy to see this went viral.
       | 
       | I have spent 12 years and 1 million dollars to date (no
       | exaggeration, I worked jobs, architected trained / paid my
       | developer team for years, we are now good friends) on a project
       | to hopefully help people get a viable alternative to the Big
       | Tech, and have choice where to host the infrastructure they
       | typically expect from Facebook, Twitter, Telegram etc. It's open
       | source and it's the only way you can make it expensive to
       | backdoor everyone in bulk, or shut down a platform altogether:
       | 
       | https://github.com/Qbix/Platform
       | 
       | If you spend an afternoon playing with, I think you'll feel like
       | you're discovering superpowers (like Batman or Iron man or
       | something). It's free to use. We're launching
       | https://qbix.com/ecosystem soon, with courses and certification
       | so anyone who wants to learn, click on my profile and email me.
       | 
       | Here is the philosophy behind why we built it:
       | https://qbix.com/blog/2021/01/15/open-source-communities/
       | 
       | And if you like what we do and you're thinking of supporting us
       | with $100 or more, feel free to do it here... November 5 we are
       | launching, until then you can voluntarily put a "no-obligation"
       | contribution: https://wefunder.com/Qbix
        
       | Karellen wrote:
       | The thing I don't get is... won't bans on end-to-end encryption
       | ban https?
       | 
       | If I go to a website and ask for a web page over https, isn't the
       | request and response between my device and the web server, an
       | end-to-end encrypted message? Because the endpoints are my device
       | and the web server.
       | 
       | If I can't send my credit card details to a payment provider over
       | an end-to-end encrypted channel, doesn't all commerce on the web
       | just fall apart?
       | 
       | How can a ban on end-to-end encrypted communication even fucking
       | work?
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | No.
         | 
         | To be particular, "bans on e2e" are specifically targeting
         | encryption between individuals on communications platforms.
         | 
         | They won't and can't ban secure comms between a user and a site
         | during a web session. But they want the messaging platforms to
         | be able to reveal the plaintext of conversations to law
         | enforcement.
         | 
         | Of course "they" can't stop coded messages, or me sending
         | encrypted messages via email or media platforms. They're just
         | making it harder for non technical people (some of whom are
         | criminals) to have privacy.
        
         | evronm wrote:
         | Really short answer: They want back doors to all this stuff,
         | including your cc info. As long as only the "good guys have"
         | this ability, what could go wrong?
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | Well, HTTPS is not end-to-end. That latter term is reserved for
         | encryption that encrypts _the messages between clients_ so
         | servers can't parse them.
         | 
         | When you have a centralized system like ICANN DNS, the
         | governments know which IP addresses the domain points to. They
         | can go and serve them National Security Letters or shake them
         | down to install secret backdoors.
         | 
         | WhatsApp and Facebook can lie to you that they're end-to-end
         | encrypted. There is nothing stopping them from shipping custom
         | updates. In facg they've been caught red-handed spying on both
         | your video and audio. The only way you can be SURE an app isnt
         | lying to you is with open source software, then you only have
         | to trust the OS and browser (the Trusted Computing Base).
         | 
         | (That is why I am a big fan of blockchain-based smart
         | contaracts. But blockchains are slow, so the next best thing is
         | hosting your business logic using open source software on
         | servers you control.)
         | 
         | Why do so many people trust Big Tech? Simple. We have no other
         | choice!
         | 
         | Where are the VIABLE AND USER FRIENDLY open source alternatives
         | to Facebook, Twitter, Telegram backends?
         | 
         | No one seems to have built anything better or more efficient
         | than, say, Mastodon.
         | 
         | Except us. It was a labor of love and cost me a million dollars
         | to date: https://github.com/Qbix/Platform
         | 
         | PS: If you play with it for a afternoon, post your experience
         | or email me. I would be thrilled to hear about your experience,
         | good or bad. And of course use it for anything you want.
         | 
         | I would be very happy to be proven wrong and see some more
         | competitors being mentioned here, but if you do, make an honest
         | assessment of how they compare! People need alternatives to the
         | closed walled gardens, but having all these features working
         | and up-to-date with browser tech is extremely hard:
         | https://qbix.com/features.pdf
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | > Well, HTTPS is not end-to-end
           | 
           | I'm not well versed for encryption, but isn't this a matter
           | of perspective? If you're downloading a .midi file from a
           | server, the other "end" is that server, isn't it? Will the
           | forces pushing this make any nuanced distinction, outside of
           | this?
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | The "end" in end-to-end encryption for regular users is
             | never a server.
             | 
             | Servers are online 24/7 listening and can be found and
             | raided and/or hacked by various forces.
             | 
             | Clients are harder to locate. Especially if all you need to
             | authenticate is a public/private keypair you generated.
             | 
             | That is why governments are so frustrated with crypto.
        
               | Karellen wrote:
               | > The "end" in end-to-end encryption for regular users is
               | never a server.
               | 
               | Why not? Are servers not communication endpoints?
        
               | wrs wrote:
               | With that definition of "end", "end-to-end encryption"
               | isn't different from just plain "encryption". The
               | significance of the phrase is that you don't leak
               | anything outside the _ultimate_ ends of the
               | communication, including to servers in the middle.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | > The significance of the phrase is that you don't leak
               | anything outside the ultimate ends of the communication,
               | including to servers in the middle.
               | 
               | Correct, but when you're viewing a web page (as opposed
               | to using the web for peer-to-peer communications), that
               | webserver _is_ the ultimate end of the communication.
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | I've found our problem. It appears the meaning has
               | (apparently?) changed around 2014. Many search results
               | you can find, including from IBM, and EFF, use the "old"
               | (our) definition.
               | 
               | See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-
               | end_encryption#Etymolog...
               | 
               | > The term "end-to-end encryption" originally only meant
               | that the communication is never decrypted during its
               | transport from the sender to the receiver.
               | 
               | > ...
               | 
               | > Later, around 2014, the meaning of "end-to-end
               | encryption" started to evolve when WhatsApp encrypted a
               | portion of its network. ...
               | 
               | But, I don't have confidence that the policy makers will
               | make this distinction.
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | For the reason I just told you -- they can be compromised
               | much more easily, and are typically run by a party which
               | isn't fully aligned with your interests and those of the
               | other participants in your conversation.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | So what if I run my own server with a private guestbook.
               | Is https not end to end encryption in that scenario?
               | 
               | I realize your point, that in most circumstances https is
               | not being used as end to end encryption. But it can be,
               | so wouldn't it also be attacked in this war?
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | Well, HTTPS with certificate chains without backdoors by
               | a government is already technically illegal in some parts
               | of the world.
               | 
               | But as I said, our definitions need to be useful. If the
               | goal is for individuals to safeguard their conversations
               | from prying eyes, then HTTPS is not the way to do it.
               | Hence the government is likely to start with end to end
               | encryption of the sort I have been emphasizing. With
               | servers, they already have the tools... they can even
               | IMPERSONATE YOU in Australia now and post as you.
        
           | hammyhavoc wrote:
           | >When you have a centralized system like ICANN DNS, the
           | governments know which IP addresses the domain points to.
           | They can go and serve them National Security Letters or shake
           | them down to install secret backdoors.
           | 
           | HN opinions on CloudFlare aside, CloudFlare Tunnels mean DNS
           | records point at CloudFlare servers, and the IP address of
           | the origin server isn't discoverable via DNS. Sure, it's a
           | court order away from being figured out even with dynamic IPs
           | and historical logs with ISPs, but it's an interesting
           | thought.
           | 
           | Qbix certainly looks very interesting. How have you guys been
           | around for ten years and flown under the radar?
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | I'd like to say it was all part of a secret plan to not
             | draw attention to ourselves until we were ready. But it
             | wasn't.
             | 
             | The sad truth is, we were always low on money and
             | bootstrapping. We spent a lot of time building, and very
             | little time pitching.
             | 
             | We pitched about 10 VCs total in this whole time. I
             | remember being at an event where Reid Hoffman spoke, he
             | said he pitched 99 VCs before he got investment.
             | 
             | But we spent zero on marketing and PR, and 11 million
             | people in 100 countries downloaded our Groups app. But the
             | app is not that interesting, people don't understand that
             | most of our users are community leaders.
             | 
             | What people don't get is that in this space, you need ALL
             | THE FEATURES that Big Tech platforms offer before people
             | will switch. It simply took us 10-12 years to get to this
             | point. I picked a hard problem, but a very rewarding one in
             | the end.
             | 
             | Look, MySQL and NGinX took 10 years before VCs funded them.
             | But to be fair, they grew a lot whereas Qbix didn't. Maybe
             | I and my team simply suck at making things viral. But I
             | believe this year will change that.
             | 
             | Networking is hard. I'm a guy who came from an immigrant
             | family in Brooklyn. I never moved to the West Coast. We
             | applied to HN with Qbix every other year since 2011. Never
             | even got invited to the interview.
             | 
             | Now, I personally know Noam Chomsky, Tulsi Gabbard, Andrew
             | Yang, Tim Berners-Les (see the photo at
             | https://wefunder.com/Qbix), the Rohingya Project guys,
             | Queen Diambi of a tribe in the Congo, the hed of United
             | Nations Capital Development Fund, the head of CoinDesk, and
             | many more randomly assorted people I met over the years.
             | But it took years.
             | 
             | And I still don't know very good VCs. And many VCs still
             | look at our open source project as "too big". They prefer
             | to invest in small feature companies, which we can now spin
             | off from our accelerator.
             | 
             | If you want to introduce me, I'm very happy to take a
             | meeting and demo on Zoom.
             | 
             | And if you want to support it, just go to
             | https://wefunder.com/Qbix and kick in $100 or something. We
             | are gearing up launch the 5th of November this year -- and
             | you'll definitely not forget that :)
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > Well, HTTPS is not end-to-end.
           | 
           | Sure it is. It's just that the "ends" in this case are your
           | browser and the web server.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | lisper wrote:
       | Eight years ago I took a whack at building a fully open source
       | end-to-end encryption system. This is what I came up with at the
       | time:
       | 
       | https://github.com/Spark-Innovations/SC4
       | 
       | It's a bit dated at this point. It doesn't have a ratchet. I did
       | implement one, but never got around to integrating it:
       | 
       | https://github.com/rongarret/ratchet-js
       | 
       | I also had an MVP iOS app which was never launched.
       | 
       | The reason I gave up on the project was that no one seemed to be
       | interested. I spent several years looking for customers and
       | collaborators and basically found nothing. The conclusion I came
       | to is that a lot of people complain about the impending end of
       | E2EE but very few people are actually willing to do anything
       | about it except whine.
        
         | rt4mn wrote:
         | > The conclusion I came to is that a lot of people complain
         | about the impending end of E2EE but very few people are
         | actually willing to do anything about it except whine.
         | 
         | The connection between E2EE and privacy is to ephemeral to make
         | that kind of judgment. If you live in the united states or
         | similar country with a strong rule of law, the idea of paying
         | for or using a specific E2EE app is functionally like asking
         | somone to pay for free speech.
         | 
         | And even if it was more clear, privacy is like free speech in
         | that you cant really measure enthusiasm for it in that way.
         | Free speech and privacy are fundimental values that people dont
         | want to pay for (for good reason!). But that does not mean they
         | dont care.
         | 
         | People really do care about these things. And many many people
         | will change how they vote and how they engage in civic action
         | based on these principals. But asking someone to change how
         | they live/communicate with others requires more then an
         | intelectual "which party / candidate should I vote for?" kind
         | of thing. For most people you need emotional investment for
         | someone to overcome switching costs based on _nothing_ but
         | ethical  / political principal.
         | 
         | As long as the _harm_ to losing these core rights remains
         | abstract you wont be to measure how much they care with metrics
         | like that. Its a value that is too ephemeral and disconnected
         | from day-to-day life to measure with a stick like  "who will
         | use this app".
         | 
         | But people can and do donate to groups like the EFF, and vote
         | with their actual votes on this stuff. People really do care.
         | Just like how people really do care about honesty, free speech,
         | candor, trust, and other values of that sort. its just, you
         | know, hard to measure.
        
         | bdominy wrote:
         | I agree that people generally don't concern themselves too much
         | with how their information is protected. Most people simply
         | assume that it already is or that they can't really do much
         | about it without giving up a lot of convenience. However, I
         | have noticed in specific cases, people do pay attention. In my
         | case, I'm protecting contact information while sharing with
         | others and most people think it is a great use of e2ee.
        
         | nelsonenzo wrote:
         | What is it? Seams like it's an implementation of ecc,but does
         | what? A p2p chat? ::Shrugs:: I'm not sure the failure to adopt
         | your one elusive product speaks for the entire pop.
        
       | anthk wrote:
       | -Delayed personal comms: EMail+GPG
       | 
       | -Realtime chat: Tox. You have it for Android at F-droid and Qtox
       | for PC/Linux/Mac.
       | 
       | -Delayed 1-to-many comms: NNTP+I2PD
       | 
       | -Realtime, 1-to-many comms: IRC+I2PD
        
       | webdoodle wrote:
       | The coming war? It's been a protracted war since the 1980's. The
       | NSA and the FBI have been hazing, threatening, infiltrating, and
       | backdooring end-to-end encryption since the early days of PGP.
        
         | ranger_danger wrote:
         | > backdooring
         | 
         | Name one attempt besides Dual_EC_DRBG. Also could you explain
         | why that one took NIST 8 years to say "don't use it".
        
       | cracked-behem wrote:
       | Nice! I worked on something that seems similar to this
       | (https://redact.ws). Unfortunately there are a lot of challenges
       | with adoption that seem difficult to overcome. One of the big
       | challenges is that most people do not understand the nuances of
       | privacy and encryption, and they aren't willing to jump through
       | hoops to protect their data.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | I like the intent of this! My main question is, how do we know
         | redact.ws won't suddenly serve different Javascript one day, to
         | certain clients, which send unencrypted payloads somewhere?
        
           | cracked-behem wrote:
           | The redact server is an open source application that runs
           | locally on the client.
        
         | pcthrowaway wrote:
         | This is fascinating, I was thinking about doing something in a
         | similar space. Does past tense "worked" mean you're not still
         | working on it?
        
           | cracked-behem wrote:
           | Not actively. It's open source so feel free to poke around
           | our code and docs, and you can find a contact form on the
           | site as well if you want to chat.
        
       | WorldPeas wrote:
       | This would be really great if there were an integration for
       | dart/flutter. The fact that the API is implemented with such
       | elderly stacks is kind of concerning
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | That's an interesting point. I'm the chief architect of the
         | company so I can speak to this, and happy to discuss / explore
         | alternatives. But keep in mind we don't have deep pockets, it
         | took me 10 years of scraping by and paying my developers who
         | have their families to support, just to get this far! (If you
         | like mwhat we do and you're thinking of supporting us with $100
         | or more, feel free here: https://wefunder.com/Qbix)
         | 
         | Wordpress powers 40% of all websites in the world. It's written
         | in PHP. Facebook has chosen PHP as well and has helped PHP to
         | new heights of performance. PHP 8 with Swoole or simply AmPHP
         | now outperforms Node.js for instance, in terms of efficiency.
         | But plain old PHP code through php-fpm with enough instances
         | can approach 50% of that with no custom coding.
         | 
         | PHP is the most widely deployed runtime for Web2 hosting, and
         | EVM is the most widely deployed runtime for Web3 smart
         | contracts. We always strived to target the most widely
         | supported platforms, so people could find many hosts, or set up
         | their own easily.
         | 
         | We will be carefully building out https://qbix.com/ecosystem to
         | support hosting in a variety of environments, including with
         | _poor and nonexistent internet on commodity computers and wifi
         | mesh networks_. We work with groups that range from the
         | Rohingya Project to the Forward Party. We often need high-speed
         | low-latency multimedia to be available locally, eg for
         | educational purposes or planning a dinner.
         | 
         | So why not go with a rock-solid, tried and true platform, and
         | maintain backward compatibility? We purposely avoid even the
         | latest ECMAScript or PHP 8 syntax, to make sure that Qbix can
         | run anywhere, same as Wordpress.
         | 
         | PS: Just like Discourse (another open source project we have
         | integrated with and whose community we are friends with) our
         | entire platform can be used as a headless REST API, so nothing
         | is stopping you from building a front end for it in Flutter or
         | React Native or the newest kid on the block: MAUI from
         | Microsoft. We bet the company on HTML like Zuckerberg did in
         | 2014 and we stuck with it. You don't need to even install an
         | app these days -- just go to a site like https://intercoin.app
         | or https://yang2020.app and use it. Put it on your home screen
         | to get notifications in iOS 16. Use a ContactPicker to invite
         | friends privately. Having said that, we do support Cordova
         | natively out of the box. Sometimes the old ways are best :)
        
       | EGreg wrote:
       | If anyone is wondering what a solution can look like, which can
       | strike a balance between privacy and social good, the end of the
       | article links to another one:
       | https://community.qbix.com/t/balancing-privacy-and-accountab...
        
       | atomicbeanie wrote:
       | Any dumbing down of end-to-end encryption will hand Russia and
       | China nuclear powered hacking tools for our economy,
       | infrastructure and digital integrity. With near peer wars
       | ongoing, I would relegate this stuff to a noise filter. The US
       | DoD cannot afford encryption to be dumbed down. And they seem to
       | understand that.
       | 
       | These initiatives will always exist because there will always be
       | people that do not understand what encryption is and what it
       | provides. But lots of smart people understand the consequences
       | would be catastrophic, and rapid. We cannot eliminate dumb
       | politically-motivated ideas.
        
       | UpToTheSky wrote:
       | Is the world becoming more and more Orwellian?
       | 
       | Is this a long term trend?
       | 
       | It got pretty much unnoticed on HN, that Europe recently voted to
       | make all crypto payments illegal unless the seller collects the
       | personal data of the buyer. Independent of the amount. So there
       | will be a track record of _everything_ bought via crypto.
       | 
       | Is it only a matter of time until cash is going away globally,
       | and states have access to _everything_ their people buy?
       | 
       | Regarding end-2-end encryption: It does not prevent a government
       | from reading your messages anyhow. They could instruct Meta (or
       | whichever company is in control of the app you use) to send them
       | the the messages you write directly from your phone. Or from the
       | phone of the receiver. Or to send them the private key from your
       | phone. They could also ask Apple or Google to do so, since those
       | have acceess to everything on your phone.
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | >Regarding end-2-end encryption: It does not prevent a
         | government from reading your messages anyhow
         | 
         | Yes, e2e in principle does. You are arguing that e2e on
         | _specific platforms_ could be wiretapped by government order,
         | which is feasible.
         | 
         | I correct this because it's important to be technically correct
         | when discussing this in public. E2e the technology is not
         | broken.
        
         | waboremo wrote:
         | Everything can already be tracked via crypto, that procedure of
         | attributing a name to it just makes the process easier.
         | 
         | Additionally, everything you do buy is already tracked. Even
         | with cash.
         | 
         | But unlike naysayers, these things already encroaching on our
         | lives gives us even more reason to push for stronger E2E
         | support as a default. Assuming it's done properly, and not "I
         | just need to ask Google for the keys".
        
         | normaler wrote:
         | If I buy crypto and posess it in my own wallet afterwards I can
         | usw it however. Atleast with monero.
        
           | dalmo3 wrote:
           | How will you anonymously collect the groceries you
           | anonymously bought?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | notch898c wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | I think it would be much more likely that a startup comes
           | along and makes the transaction tracking efficient, like with
           | a trusted payment app, than finding some way around Orwellian
           | government motives.
        
           | JPws_Prntr_Fngr wrote:
           | Sufficiently advanced satire? Or genuine proposal? Either
           | way, I like it.
        
             | notch898c wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
         | CatWChainsaw wrote:
         | Yes, because computers and world leaders are getting more
         | powerful and everyday citizens are becoming less so.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-04-21 23:03 UTC)