[HN Gopher] Analyzing the websites that are used to train AI cha...
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       Analyzing the websites that are used to train AI chatbots
        
       Author : wawayanda
       Score  : 64 points
       Date   : 2023-04-19 12:05 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.washingtonpost.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.washingtonpost.com)
        
       | RugnirViking wrote:
       | whoa, they claimed deviantart is a text-to-image generator being
       | sued by artists? is that really a thing? Last I heard Deviantart
       | was really against it
        
         | Nicksil wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33567202
        
       | archon1410 wrote:
       | > more than 72,000 instances of "swastika," one of the banned
       | terms from the list.
       | 
       | Isn't swastika being a common sacred symbol in Eastern and
       | specially Dharmic religions common knowledge? This, alongwith
       | most of the religious websites being Christian, Islamic and so on
       | is quite concerning.
        
       | bufo wrote:
       | This article is so misleading. First there's nothing secret about
       | all this. Also these chat bots don't just "sound" smart, they are
       | providing value to millions of users.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | OK, but the article itself is (or at least may be?) more
         | interesting than the misleading title. Let's focus on that
         | instead. We've edited the title now.
         | 
         | From https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html: "
         | _Please don 't pick the most provocative thing in an article or
         | post to complain about in the thread. Find something
         | interesting to respond to instead._"
        
         | Turing_Machine wrote:
         | > First there's nothing secret about all this.
         | 
         | Right. It's going to come as a shock to exactly no one that
         | (e.g.) Wikipedia was used as a source.
         | 
         | Then there's the fear-mongering about using public databases
         | (e.g., voter registration lists) in "unforeseen ways". While
         | that may be true, they don't seem to be concerned about non-AI
         | actors using these databases in "unforeseen ways".
         | 
         | Pretty much pure clickbait.
        
       | pier25 wrote:
       | It's disheartening to see AI companies profiting from free
       | content I've created online over years and years. StackOverflow,
       | forums, Github, even my personal crappy website is there.
        
         | geoduck14 wrote:
         | Can we mess with ChatGPT by posting wrong answers on SO?
        
       | tyronehed wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | newaccount74 wrote:
       | When asking ChatGPT about programming questions, it feels pretty
       | similar to asking questions on stack overflow, except you get
       | answers instantly. I assume that Q&A sites must be among the most
       | important training data.
        
         | ChatGTP wrote:
         | Also gists and GitHub issues, they would've had near perfect
         | data sets of everything they had permission to touch at GitHub.
         | 
         | I saw something on Twitter, where someone was offered a job at
         | OpenAI to write code for common coding problems and provide
         | very verbose reasoning and comments. Can't find it now..
        
       | Entinel wrote:
       | I am shocked that Discord is not on this list. I would bet my
       | mortgage that Discord would sell their chats as a dataset to
       | train on if the price was right.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | I often get downvoted for suggesting this, but why not simply
         | host all your chats, videoconferencing etc. on your own
         | website? Make it a gated community and only post little teasers
         | to the likes of Instagram and YouTube and TikTok and Twitter
         | and Facebook. Let them come to YOUR site to participate and
         | abide by YOUR terms. Why make a Facebook Group or a Discord
         | server?
         | 
         | Why do so many of us, including the biggest influencers in the
         | world, spend so much money only to post all of our content on
         | the Big Tech's sites and infrastructure? You give all your
         | social capital to them too, and they turn around and sell it
         | back to you (access to your own followers) and can deplatform
         | you. They encourage you to pay them to attract eyeballs away
         | from other videos, and vice versa, in a zero-sum game on their
         | own platform.
         | 
         | They now increasingly even control our conversations and our
         | democracy. Why not have these conversations on our own forums,
         | powered by our own software, the way we do on HN?
         | 
         | We gave away all our social capital and our content, to these
         | platforms. And then they turn around and train big data on it
         | internally, and scrape it for their AIs.
         | 
         | People have complained for years yet do nothing about it:
         | https://readwrite.com/mark-cuban-facebooks-sponsored-posts-a...
         | 
         | I ask again: why not simply host it ourselves?
        
           | eropple wrote:
           | As it happens, I am in the process of building something
           | pretty close to what you describe. Here is an extremely
           | partial list of reasons people don't do it.
           | 
           | - Written content: because network effects are real. Also
           | because building a blog in 2023 that doesn't have awful look-
           | and-feel or seem like a spam site is remarkably hard.
           | Substack is full of chuds, but you can firewall off from them
           | most of the time and at least you can _write things_ instead
           | of _writing code to write things_. WordPress is maybe the
           | least bad option today if you want interactivity (which I
           | would assume you do, what with the  "community" bit and all),
           | and getting things like SSO (for playing nice with all those
           | other things in that gated community) costs money for
           | dubiously-supported plugins that claim to do things they
           | might not actually do. Ghost has a ton of weird limitations
           | that are often claimed to be by design, so unless you want a
           | plain white (or, if you're bold, black) site that's Just Text
           | and maybe a few images, it's not great either. Static sites--
           | community, no bueno.
           | 
           | - Podcasts: this one is _not_ "because network effects are
           | real", this one's just "because open-source podcast hosting
           | software basically doesn't exist and what does is bad at
           | doing the job." Meanwhile, anchor.fm is free.
           | 
           | - Chats: because network effects are real. And because the
           | options are mostly unpleasant. IRC is difficult and mobile-
           | unfriendly. Mattermost is buggy. Zulip is pretty good, but
           | now you're a sysadmin and most people on Discord just want to
           | shitpost about Pokemon. (I am not doing this, either, because
           | there are limited hours in the day.)
           | 
           | - Videoconferencing: because network effects are real. (You
           | may be detecting a theme here!) _And_ because self-hosting
           | Jitsi is an enormous pain in the rear. And, again, now you
           | 're a sysadmin, and most people on Discord just want to
           | shitpost about Pokemon. (Might do this one, just for
           | latency's sake when recording stuff. Haven't decided yet. It
           | is hard. It is also pretty expensive to run.)
           | 
           | - Video content: because network effects are real. Also
           | because I don't own a CDN, and because YouTube is $free
           | dollars per minute watched. Even my former employer, whose
           | stack I quite like, is not $free dollars per minute watched--
           | nor should they be! They're targeting businesses. (Needless
           | to say: definitely not doing this one.)
           | 
           | Gated communities are great, but _somebody_ needs to make
           | achievable these things for normal people, and they 're
           | probably going to want money for it. And while I've written
           | plenty of open source software, the stuff I'm building won't
           | really be portable to somebody else because I'm not making
           | decisions for others' consumption. I'm making decisions for
           | exactly my (relatively high) tolerance for system
           | administration and exactly my (relatively high) ability to
           | fix things when they break. I'm going to open-source parts of
           | it, but I can _only_ open-source parts, and they 'll still
           | depend on my CMS of choice, etc. etc. unless I spend time not
           | building my thing and instead building
           | abstraction/indirection layers for hypothetical other people.
           | 
           | If you want people to do similar, maybe it should be you who
           | goes and builds the path to doing it?
        
           | Turing_Machine wrote:
           | > I ask again: why not simply host it ourselves?
           | 
           | Because the average person and the average HN user are
           | different sets of people. The typical person who wants to
           | start a forum on, say, trout fishing or stamp collecting has
           | only a vague notion of a server _is_ , much less how to set
           | one up and maintain it. Even if they did, they'd have little
           | or no interest in doing those things. It's far easier for
           | them to just make a Facebook group or whatever.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | But if the HN crowd runs their own servers, then the non-HN
             | crowd could use them. Everybody wins.
        
           | grepfru_it wrote:
           | The intersection of people who can host it themselves vs
           | those who host chats, video conferences, etc events is very
           | very small. Once they start trying to figure out the SSH host
           | keys and TLS firewalls, they will become very quickly
           | overwhelmed and out of their depth. They would likely turn to
           | an expert at this point, but it has become far cheaper and
           | easier to just turn to a third-party service to handle this.
           | The very service you ask them to dismiss for the troubles of
           | hosting themselves.
           | 
           | On the other end of the spectrum, I have dedicated systems to
           | hosting my own chats, emails, source code, and more. My user
           | count is super low. Seems that not everyone wants to come to
           | my copy-cat Gitea server when "all the cool kids" are on
           | GitHub
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | Forget the SSH keys and TLS firewalls. What open source
             | software would you actually use, to start to match Facebook
             | Groups or Discord Forums in features?
        
               | grepfru_it wrote:
               | Flarum and (Mattermost or RocketChat)
        
           | tsukikage wrote:
           | Because we're not content with just a private little soapbox
           | in our private little space talking to the few hipsters we
           | can convince to drop by; we are vain and want to talk to the
           | crowds, and the crowds are all over /there/.
        
           | tivert wrote:
           | > Why do so many of us, including the biggest influencers in
           | the world, spend so much money only to post all of our
           | content on the Big Tech's sites and infrastructure? You give
           | all your social capital to them too, and they turn around and
           | sell it back to you (access to your own followers) and can
           | deplatform you. They encourage you to pay them to attract
           | eyeballs away from other videos, and vice versa, in a zero-
           | sum game on their own platform.
           | 
           | Because we're lazy and Big Tech solves the immediate, short
           | term problem.
        
           | dpkirchner wrote:
           | > I ask again: why not simply host it ourselves?
           | 
           | Cost, ongoing maintenance, convenience, existing apps are
           | good enough, existing infrastructure is good enough, I could
           | probably go on for a while.
        
           | operator-name wrote:
           | Self hosting is hard.
           | 
           | Self hosting with channels, voice chats and permissions is
           | harder. Discord also had one unified account to join
           | different channels, private message, etc.
        
           | postdb wrote:
           | Glad someone mentioned this!!! It is one of good reason to
           | self-host! And only send sneak peek to social media sites.
           | Stallman has a recommendation similar to that on what to post
           | to FB.
           | 
           | Only use social media as a
           | notification/publishing/advertising system, post important
           | stuff on your own site.
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | Can you link to the Stallman suggestion you referenced
             | please?
        
               | postdb wrote:
               | https://stallman.org/facebook-presence.html
        
               | tiberious726 wrote:
               | Agreed, I'm shocked he suggested interacting with
               | Facebook at all. Their site uses proprietary JavaScript
        
               | postdb wrote:
               | Of course, I should clarify, it is his recommendation if
               | organisations who need a facebook presence, as many small
               | businesses or event organizers struggle to not have a
               | FB/instagram presence.
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | Can you Link to where he says this recommendation ?
        
           | fnordpiglet wrote:
           | Because they act as a portal and distribution service. The
           | same reason freelance journalists don't print their own
           | newspapers but instead publish via either a syndicate or
           | directly through papers. The paper has the brand,
           | distribution, ability to monetize and pay journalists for
           | their content, layout staff, etc. Similarly say YouTube is
           | YouTube in the same way the NYT is the NYT - people go to
           | YouTube for content, it provides hosting and distribution as
           | well as ways to promote your content, monetize it, they
           | provide a UX and technical infrastructure, etc.
           | 
           | There is _nothing_ stopping _anyone_ in any RFC or other
           | technical standard from hosting their own content on _equal
           | footing_ with YouTube. People _do_ host stuff on their own
           | machines and sites. You're just not directly aware of it
           | because it's basically impossible to find relative to the
           | ease of content discovery on YouTube. No one is getting rich
           | or even paying their bills because on self hosted because
           | beyond having no funnel monetization of content is actually
           | kinda hard.
           | 
           | Case in point, politics aside, Parler and Truth Social were
           | basically formed based off similar thoughts. Why do we let
           | these big companies make content moderation policies? I'd
           | like a place where I can be abusive and racist or whatever
           | without fear of censorship. I'm after all entitled to hold
           | those views and say them. But, it turns out, it's hard to
           | provide the quality of service of say Facebook on the premise
           | of absolute freedom - especially when it's so toxic most
           | people are turned off. This gets to the point: you can host
           | yourself, but if you want to build a "free YouTube" you
           | probably need to ask why did YouTube, a for profit entity,
           | take the positions it has in the market? Because the market
           | rewards them for making a family friendly middle ground
           | platform that provides easy access to personalized content
           | and a simple experience for content creators to distribute
           | and monetize their content. Do that on your own systems, and
           | you'll probably do alright - except one thing. They have the
           | most users. Acquiring users, or in news papers, subscribers,
           | is not easy or cheap.
           | 
           | So, that's why things are the way they are. But you're
           | absolutely able to self host. Just don't expect everyone to
           | show up at your random website.
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | Absolutely able to self-host? What open source software
             | would I use to match the features of, say, Facebook Groups
             | or a Discord Channel?
        
       | gomox wrote:
       | When ChatGPT first came out, I was surprised at the depth of
       | information it had about region-specific market sizing in our
       | (relatively niche) industry.
       | 
       | Turns out the model had ingested a pay-to-read article that cost
       | upwards of $2000 [0] and was quoting the figures in it and
       | referencing it directly (i.e. attributing the info to the article
       | in question).
       | 
       | I knew about the paper but had never purchased it. I was actually
       | surprised I could access the data through ChatGPT.
       | 
       | A few days later the same information was gone. I assumed someone
       | might have decided to keep it on the low regarding having
       | ingested all of these sources of restricted access content. I now
       | get a generic blurb about the same question.
       | 
       | The opacity of it all made me a little worried. What similar
       | models exist, trained on actually private information, for more
       | nefarious purposes?
       | 
       | [0] https://www.marketresearch.com/Infiniti-Research-
       | Limited-v26...
        
         | michaelbuckbee wrote:
         | One of my friends was trying to figure out "how" ChatGPT knew
         | about tried something I hadn't thought out, just ask it "do you
         | know paper xyz by author abc?" and in fact it had.
        
           | soco wrote:
           | Just saying, if ChatGPT says it knows something it doesn't
           | necessarily mean it knows something, or that said thing is
           | even real.
        
             | richbell wrote:
             | I once asked ChatGPT if it knew about an esoteric
             | programming language. It said "yes!" and then proceeded to
             | quote information and code snippets for Python.
        
         | Mizza wrote:
         | I was hoping this article would be about that. It's not. It's a
         | waste of time spent pearl clutching about how the authors find
         | some small percentage of the internet/Common Crawl "troubling."
         | I don't know what they expected.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | If you want a model to, say, never draw pornography or write
           | a Hitler speech, you don't do that by excluding "bad" content
           | from the foundation model but rather you tackle that in later
           | stages of training, particularly in this phase
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement_learning_from_hu.
           | ..
           | 
           | Having some of that in the foundation model actually helps
           | the model "understand" what it is it is not supposed to do.
           | The whole point of the foundation model is that it
           | generalizes from the examples you show it later to similar
           | examples it saw during "pre-training" and a certain about of
           | offensive content will help it learn what it is offensive
           | much quickly later.
        
         | Sunhold wrote:
         | Unless you actually checked the article, ChatGPT likely
         | hallucinated the figures and picked a plausible-sounding
         | source. Most likely, nothing changed when you tried a few days
         | later. The responses are stochastic due to the temperature
         | setting. If anything did change, it was probably an update to
         | reduce hallucination.
        
           | gomox wrote:
           | I never saw the actual article, but the quoted figures were
           | not just plausible and reasonable but also internally
           | consistent throughout several exchanges. It produced exact
           | figures for key (i.e. largest) submarkets and growth
           | estimates for smaller ones, in the same way that I would
           | expect the original content to be structured.
           | 
           | I would bet with a 95%+ confidence that it parroted the
           | actual contents. $2000 for that extra 5% tho.
        
             | aaron695 wrote:
             | [dead]
        
             | ipaddr wrote:
             | That might have come from someone else making it freely
             | available
        
         | BiteCode_dev wrote:
         | Imagine how powerful an ai would be if we would give it access
         | to all the info behind firewalls.
        
           | tsukikage wrote:
           | While we're at it, imagine how awesome an ordinary search
           | engine could be if we would give it access to all the info
           | behind firewalls.
        
       | htss2013 wrote:
       | It states that if an LLM is good at the LSAT, it must have
       | trained on many practice LSAT tests. How do we know this? The
       | test measures things like reading comprehension and logical
       | reasoning. LLMs have reasoning ability with novel material, and
       | there are plenty of ways to train logical reasoning outside of
       | LSAT test prep materials.
        
       | mdrzn wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/kNEyR
        
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