[HN Gopher] Global rice shortage is set to be the biggest in 20 ...
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       Global rice shortage is set to be the biggest in 20 years
        
       Author : Paul-Craft
       Score  : 145 points
       Date   : 2023-04-19 12:29 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnbc.com)
        
       | sremani wrote:
       | There is nuance to be had when it comes to rice. There is no ONE
       | rice, there are many varieties of Rice and people and cultures
       | are very specific about 'their' rice. Right at the time of
       | planting you are deciding which market you are targeting.
       | 
       | The consumption pattern of Ponni rice is very different from
       | Basmati, and these are differences in Indian subcontinent, we are
       | not even talking about South East Asia, China or Japan.
       | 
       | Rice is a complex market and by its nature fragmented. Also, it
       | is very hard crop to harvest given that you have to flood the
       | field twice. If Ukraine was rice bowl of the world, we would
       | already have large scale famine kicked in right now.
       | 
       | The wheat shortages will come and will become apparent by the end
       | of this year or early next.
        
       | chrisco255 wrote:
       | According to the Rice Outlook published by USDA, total global
       | rice supply is 691.4 million tons [1][2]. If there is a shortage
       | in production (of 8.7m) this year, it will simply debit against
       | that total. Rice is stored for long term.
       | 
       | As of now that 8.7m figure is simply a forecast. The weather
       | could turn favorable for the season and there could be a surplus.
       | No, we cannot predict the weather beyond two weeks from now.
       | 
       | [1] https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-
       | esmis/files/... [2]
       | https://usda.library.cornell.edu/catalog?utf8=%E2%9C%93&loca...
        
       | spaceman_2020 wrote:
       | Why does it feel that so many trends that were "emerging" are now
       | all suddenly converging? I've gone through a lot of macro data
       | and everything from climate change and fertilizers to food and
       | automation and monetary policy seems to be breaking down at the
       | same time.
       | 
       | Is there a whitepill scenario for the remaining years in this
       | decade?
        
         | SuoDuanDao wrote:
         | This decade might be asking a lot.
         | 
         | This century I like Schmachtenberger's take.
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
           | I've never heard of Schmachtenberger but this is what chatGPT
           | had to say about his take. Accurate?
           | 
           | ===
           | 
           | Daniel Schmachtenberger is a philosopher, systems thinker,
           | and futurist known for his work in global systems change and
           | the development of a more resilient and sustainable
           | civilization. His take on this century can be characterized
           | by the following key points:
           | 
           | Existential risks and global catastrophic risks:
           | Schmachtenberger emphasizes that humanity faces a range of
           | existential and global catastrophic risks, including nuclear
           | war, pandemics, climate change, artificial intelligence, and
           | others. He argues that we need to address these risks
           | comprehensively and proactively to ensure a sustainable and
           | thriving future.
           | 
           | Game theory and rivalrous dynamics: Schmachtenberger
           | highlights the importance of understanding game theory and
           | the rivalrous dynamics that drive competition and conflict.
           | He argues that many of our current challenges stem from win-
           | lose dynamics that incentivize short-term thinking, self-
           | interest, and resource depletion.
           | 
           | Comprehensive sense-making: Schmachtenberger stresses the
           | need for better sense-making and information processing to
           | navigate the complex, interconnected challenges we face. He
           | advocates for interdisciplinary approaches that can provide a
           | more accurate and nuanced understanding of the world.
           | 
           | Civilizational resilience: Schmachtenberger advocates for
           | building a more resilient and adaptive civilization by
           | fostering cooperation, developing better decision-making
           | systems, and focusing on long-term, sustainable solutions.
           | 
           | A vision for a sustainable and thriving civilization:
           | Schmachtenberger envisions a future where humanity transcends
           | its current challenges and embraces a more cooperative,
           | sustainable, and equitable global society. This includes the
           | development of regenerative economic systems, effective
           | governance structures, and cultural shifts that prioritize
           | collective well-being over individual gain.
        
         | gretch wrote:
         | Maybe things are actually pretty okay, and it's just the
         | information we get makes it seem like everything is falling
         | apart.
         | 
         | Remember Y2K? Everyone thought we would have mass system
         | failure across the world. And while some systems did fail and
         | some people had to work diligently against the clock to make
         | patches, for the most part, it was just okay.
         | 
         | I suspect this rice shortage is probably similar to the Y2K
         | situation
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
           | I mean, we just came out of once in a lifetime
           | pandemic...sometimes, things actually do happen.
        
             | gretch wrote:
             | I'm not saying that rice production won't be short or that
             | there won't be some small hiccups, but is it worth the
             | attention of all these lay-people.
             | 
             | The news about this rice production is not going to have
             | more of an impact on your personal life than e.g. taking
             | the time to call your mom and tell her you love her. We all
             | sit around worrying about the rice production and don't
             | actually work on the things that are immediately applicable
             | to all of us.
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | 2027 is likely to be better that 2035.
        
         | Paul-Craft wrote:
         | Many people, myself included, think we're headed for global
         | societal collapse. Or, more to the point, things have
         | deteriorated to the point where collapse has already started to
         | happen and is now accelerating, which accounts for the
         | convergence of trends you're seeing.
        
       | bannedbybros wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | torcete wrote:
       | In the meantime I am facing a loss of 31% on my wheat ETF. When
       | Russia invaded Ukraine it was said everywhere how much it was
       | going to affect the price of wheat. I guess there are better
       | speculators than me that can influence media and create a buying
       | sentiment.
       | 
       | I also deserve it, not only I learnt a lesson, but there's
       | something fundamentally wrong about speculating with food. For
       | some reason I didn't even think about that and at some point I
       | was like what am I doing?
        
         | ManuelKiessling wrote:
         | Well I assume it was solidly in the plus for a while? If yes,
         | then the assumption was right at least for a while -- which
         | might be just another instance of market timing working out or
         | not working out.
        
         | diebeforei485 wrote:
         | > When Russia invaded Ukraine it was said everywhere how much
         | it was going to affect the price of wheat.
         | 
         | The UN, and large wheat-exporting countries, took action here.
         | For example, exports of wheat through the Black Sea were
         | prioritized. Fertilizer export and transport was fast-tracked
         | around the world. Wheat-exporting countries said they won't
         | sell to traders, only directly to other governments.
         | 
         | It took a lot of effort (which didn't get a lot of media
         | publicity) to prevent a wheat shortage.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | The lesson in the first part of your comment is very important,
         | but the second paragraph is a miss: "there's something
         | fundamentally wrong about speculating with food".
         | 
         | Absolutely not. Besides being one of the oldest types of
         | speculation, speculation on food provides farmers with a
         | guaranteed sale price for their product months in advance.
         | Without futures contracts speculation, farmers would have to
         | assume ALL the price risk. And more of them would fail as a
         | result of market fluctuations. As it stands, the futures
         | markets allows for expansion of finance and insurance in the
         | industry, which ultimately improves stability in the entire
         | food supply chain.
        
           | antonvs wrote:
           | The issue is more whether the profits from an activity like
           | that are reasonable. One could imagine taxing such profits at
           | a much higher rate, just to pick a simple change that's
           | compatible with the current system.
        
             | SuoDuanDao wrote:
             | But price discovery is a public good.
        
             | chrisco255 wrote:
             | There is no objective formula for determining what is
             | _reasonable_. That 's an entirely subjective thing.
             | Everyone tries to buy low and sell high for anything they
             | produce. A manufacturer will try to get the cheapest price
             | for all of the raw materials that goes into their goods and
             | they will try to charge the highest price they can. They
             | are only ever kept in check by competition and alternative
             | choices in the marketplace. And the market functions to
             | regulate profits by producing more supply whenever there's
             | an imbalance.
        
       | dmfdmf wrote:
       | The Tonga Eruption in Dec/Jan of last year is probably a factor.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Rice is a very thirsty crop. Water is becoming scarce as the
       | effects of global warming/climate change worsen the effects of
       | natural weather events.
       | 
       | Not sure why we are surprised. We have been warned for decades
       | yet governments around the world continue to let O&G industry to
       | pollute the planet with no repercussions. Eating habits of rich
       | countries have not changed much as meat is still heavily
       | consumed.
       | 
       | The ultra rich continue to pollute with reckless abandon with
       | super cars, private jets, yachts, and other GHG heavy activities.
       | 
       | The average US consumer is buying SUVs and trucks at alarming
       | rates and for the most part are just hauling air or carrying 1-2
       | people in a single vehicle.
       | 
       | Public transportation and more efficient modes of transportation
       | (walking, biking) are replaced by inefficient car centric
       | transportation, parking lots, parking garages, street parking in
       | most the US.
       | 
       | I don't know how we are going to reach the goal of reducing our
       | carbon footprint.
       | 
       | What's next is: world wide famines, commodity wars
        
         | mattwest wrote:
         | If you read the article, it states the shortage has to do with
         | flooding, not drought.
         | 
         | While most of your points are true, they are skewed toward some
         | resentment toward the West.
         | 
         | The eating habits of rich countries, relative to developing
         | countries, has become much more sustainable. Look at meat
         | consumption by source, over time, in USA. Chicken, which has
         | the highest feed conversion ratio, leads the pack by a huge
         | margin since the late 90s/early 2000s.
         | 
         | Developing countries' demand for meat has exploded and will
         | continue to rise as incomes go up.
         | 
         | What percent of the global population lives in a developing
         | country? ~85%.
         | 
         | Over time, these countries will be responsible for most meat
         | consumption. And emissions.
         | 
         | Regarding pollution, you are focusing on the wrong things.
         | Sure, private jets are inefficient. What is their contribution
         | to GHGs? Less than 0.05%. Super car and yachts? Come on..
         | 
         | As energy infrastructure is built out for this 85% of the
         | population, the emissions per nation will flip on its' head.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | This article is interesting as it's from the perspective of a
       | major exporter, India, (rather than a commodities trader):
       | 
       | https://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/india-ric...
       | 
       | > ""We can't resume broken rice exports just because somebody in
       | China or any other country wants it as a raw material to make
       | ethanol or cattle feed. We'll rather prefer our domestic industry
       | consuming it... We don't want to take a chance. We've limited
       | wheat stocks but ample rice stocks, which we can use if the
       | weather throws any big surprises."
       | 
       | Incidentally, much of the research into how rice production
       | responds to rising CO2 and rising global temperatures was based
       | on greenhouse studies in which CO2 and temperate was artificially
       | manipulated, for example:
       | 
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751296/
       | 
       | However, it's turning out that the increasingly random and
       | extreme incidences of droughts and floods is what's impacting
       | agricultural production the most. India's approach seems the most
       | rational: build bigger domestic buffers against future
       | uncertainties.
       | 
       | Also, the future of biofuels and meat production looks quite
       | poor, as crop production is going to be needed to feed humans
       | directly.
        
         | feedsmgmt wrote:
         | I hope that areas producing a lot of cotton and tobacco have
         | strong enough ethics to switch to food producion to help those
         | most in need rather than those seeking luxuries.
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | The system of domestic buffers existed before for public
         | distribution system inherited from British in both India and
         | Pakistan who were told to get rid of it by IMF. Pakistan did so
         | with alacrity in 80s but still has utility stores at province
         | level IIRC.
        
         | omeid2 wrote:
         | A lot of livestock feed is produced in environments where rice
         | or wheat is out of question.
        
           | littlestymaar wrote:
           | It used to be the case, when cattle was grazing hills too
           | steep for culture (without terraces at least). But nowadays,
           | most cattle is fed from cultivated grains instead of grazing.
        
             | akiselev wrote:
             | Do you have a source on that?
             | 
             | My understanding is that most cattle are _finished_ on
             | grain but most of that feed is distillers grains [1], which
             | is an industrial waste from ethanol and biofuel production.
             | The majority of cattle spend most of their lives
             | _brackgrounding_ [2] in pasture. They 're not put on the
             | feedlots until the last six or so months of their life to
             | fatten them up for butchering.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillers_grains
             | 
             | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backgrounding
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | It's not even true that most cattle are finished on
               | grain. Feed lots utilize hay and silage as often as
               | grain.
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | And sometimes candy corn [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nifa.usda.gov/feeding-candy-cattle-helps-
               | produce...
        
               | Broken_Hippo wrote:
               | Which I wholeheartedly support.
               | 
               | I worked as seasonal help in a local chocolate and candy
               | factory. Any chocolate not fit for sale for whatever
               | reason went to sheep (and possibly pigs?) It is a good
               | way to lessen food waste.
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | I used to own a horse and would regularly feed her sugar
               | cubes. I guess that works too!
        
               | littlestymaar wrote:
               | From the perspective of this discussion, hay and silage
               | are indistinguishable from grain: if you can grow and
               | harvest them, you could have make human food directly off
               | that land.
        
               | littlestymaar wrote:
               | Maybe in the US, where there's plenty of available space,
               | but that's definitely not the case everywhere in Europe
               | for instance. Also in the US, I wonder which part of that
               | space in unsuitable for growing grain...
               | 
               | By the way, even your Wikipedia link about backgounding
               | mention that the animals are being given grain even in
               | that period...
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | A lot of the world production is grazing on land. Even in
               | the US perhaps a huge percentage of the cattle growth is
               | by grazing:                 Beef cattle production is
               | done within a system that includes grazing on large
               | amounts of land per cow; being fed high-calorie diets for
               | a few months in large populations immediately prior to
               | slaughter; long gestation and growth periods so that
               | animals are sold for food 2-3 years from the time they
               | were conceived; and, in most situations, more than two
               | changes of ownership from birth to being sold for food.
               | 
               | I would like to see some figures, but my presumption is
               | that your understanding is correct.
               | 
               | https://beef2live.com/story-world-beef-production-
               | ranking-co...
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | A lot of people just get the data from the largest
               | companies in developed countries, and pretend it applies
               | everywhere. You can't talk about agriculture around here
               | without one of them popping up.
        
           | neovialogistics wrote:
           | Wheat can reliably grow pretty much anywhere except
           | nonirrigated clearcut former jungle, it's just not
           | economically competitive (on the global market) when it has
           | to be harvested from any kind of sloped terrain.
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | I mean this is the whole point of the US ethanol industry and
         | farm subsidies in general(that many people complain about
         | online), better to have people growing too much corn than not
         | having enough. If the US did have some drought or disaster that
         | damaged a huge amount of crops, we just stop making ethanol and
         | use the stockpiles and reduced crop to feed ourselves. In the
         | meantime we use the excess for ethanol production, even if it's
         | technically a net loss
        
           | SaintGhurka wrote:
           | >> this is the whole point of the US ethanol industry and
           | farm subsidies in general
           | 
           | Interesting. I never saw it as a food security program.
           | 
           | I saw it as a way to advantage corn at the expense of oil on
           | the global commodities market because we had lots of corn but
           | we were short oil (at the time). So the solution was to, in
           | effect, turn our corn into oil.
           | 
           | You can see its effect in the price of corn in 2006, which
           | jumped about 80% and never went back down.[1]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.macrotrends.net/2532/corn-prices-historical-
           | char...
        
           | singleshot_ wrote:
           | If the disaster that damaged the crops was "we used up all
           | the soil" I'm not so sure this would work as a strategy. Is
           | using up all the soil by growing ethanol a concern?
        
           | voldacar wrote:
           | The whole point of the US ethanol industry and farm subsidies
           | in general is, like any form of government welfare, to give
           | money to a special interest group (farmers) in exchange for
           | their political support. It's not some kind of benevolent
           | 4-dimensional chess to make the food supply more reliable.
           | The type of corn grown for ethanol is not suitable for human
           | consumption.
        
             | shard972 wrote:
             | [dead]
        
           | quantum_magpie wrote:
           | Aren't ethanol, animal feed, and human food corn all
           | separate, non-interchangeable species? Usually ethanol stuff
           | and animal feed stock are completely inedible, at least in my
           | EU country.
        
             | tomatotomato37 wrote:
             | That's mostly inedible for direct consumption, like corn on
             | the cob. Processing into something like cornmeal though is
             | open to much more species, including the original maize
             | that all corn was essentially bred from.
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | Yes, but the farm equipment that plants and harvests it is
             | the same. Planting different seeds is easy, buying new
             | equipment is not.
             | 
             | Also, as the transportation sector transitions to electric
             | vehicles the demand for corn ethanol should drop off so if
             | we need to produce more edible corn there should be excess
             | capacity available.
        
             | stevehawk wrote:
             | might be separate, non-interchangeable species (I don't
             | know) but they require the same farmers, equipment,
             | logistics, etc, to be in place and as everyone learned the
             | last few years those things don't just scale up and down
             | like _latest cloud tech here_.
        
             | cnntth wrote:
             | The land is interchangeable, and 'human food corn'
             | encompasses a lot more than just corn eaten directly by
             | humans. Almost every processed food in the US uses some
             | corn derived product; and animal feed is still part of the
             | supply chain for human food.
        
             | dividedbyzero wrote:
             | I'm not sure how that works with corn, but quite a few
             | things that aren't fit for human consumption in times of
             | plenty are quite edible in a famine, or can be made so.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | I don't think it's that but that most human digestive
               | systems will catastrophically fail trying to digest
               | ethanol-corn or animal feed-corn.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | You can eat field corn just fine. You shouldn't eat it
               | raw at maturity because of the high starch content, but
               | the solution to that is simply to harvest a bit earlier
               | before all the starch is formed. It's not very sweet, but
               | it's perfectly edible.
        
       | fwungy wrote:
       | If weather could be modified on a global scale it would be one of
       | the greatest weapons of all.
       | 
       | There are hundreds of patents for weather modification
       | techniques, many filed recently.
       | 
       | The unusually warm Winter in Ukraine has hurt the Russian war
       | effort, and protected Europe from economic devastation.
       | 
       | The timing was quite fortuitous.
        
         | mattwest wrote:
         | Example of one of these techniques please
        
           | nocsi wrote:
           | Capturing comets to cool the earth. Triggering volcanic
           | eruptions to heat the earth
        
           | fwungy wrote:
           | https://patents.justia.com/search?q=weather+modification
        
           | r3trohack3r wrote:
           | See sibling comment. All non-government weather modification
           | projects in the U.S. must file form 17-4(a) with the NOAA.
           | 
           | All submissions have been indexed and are viewable on their
           | webpage.
        
             | mattwest wrote:
             | Every submission in there has to do with precipitation. I
             | was curious which techniques are used to sustained warming
             | throughout the winter
        
               | fwungy wrote:
               | The atmosphere is enclosed. You can't change the weather,
               | but you can move things around. Europe had an unusually
               | warm Winter. The US had an unusually cold one. It was
               | just amazing timing for the Ukranian war effort.
               | 
               | With a normal European Winter NATO would have fallen
               | apart as the EU cracked on the Russian energy sanctions
               | to warm themselves, and the Russian army would have had
               | massively increased mobility options with frozen ground
               | in the Ukraine.
        
         | r3trohack3r wrote:
         | A friendly reminder that in the U.S., as a non-government
         | organization, if you'd like to modify the weather you need to
         | fill out the NOAA form 17-4(a).
         | 
         | This is required by U.S. Code 15SS 330a as per Public Law
         | 92-205 (1972): https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/330a
         | 
         | All weather modification projects that have been filed with the
         | NOAA under this law can be found here:
         | https://www.library.noaa.gov/Collections/Digital-Collections...
         | 
         | It's important to note that religious ceremonies are exempted
         | from this law. NOAA form 17-4(a) does not need to be submitted
         | for rain dances or other religious ceremonies intended to
         | change the weather. This, however, is likely to change if the
         | success rates of your weather ceremony become statistically
         | significant.
        
           | fwungy wrote:
           | Except the ones that are done under high secrecy for national
           | security purposes.
           | 
           | Weather is a huge factor in warfare and the economy. If it
           | could be manipulated to put an enemy in a bad position that
           | would be a powerful weapon indeed, best yet it would be one
           | with plausible deniability.
        
           | jutrewag wrote:
           | _It's important to note that religious ceremonies are
           | exempted from this law. NOAA form 17-4(a) does not need to be
           | submitted for rain dances or other religious ceremonies
           | intended to change the weather. This, however, is likely to
           | change if the success rates of your weather ceremony become
           | statistically significant._
           | 
           | What a beautiful way to put this.
        
       | Loughla wrote:
       | Why is the increase in every single food item tied to the war in
       | Ukraine?
       | 
       | Is that legitimate, or is that just timely excuse making?
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | eatsyourtacos wrote:
           | What a selfish take.
        
             | Animatronio wrote:
             | Yes, a selfish take from some IT guy making significantly
             | more $$ than the average Brit or EU citizen. It's nice to
             | be insulated from the rising COL bc you can lecture others
             | from the safety of your home.
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | We pay good money for that home to be safe, something
               | Europeans constantly chide us for. Maybe Europe shouldn't
               | have been relying on cheap resources.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | We? As in the US?
               | 
               | The oceans keep us safe. The money we spend is to
               | maintain hegemony.
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | Are you sure its just the oceans and not the massive navy
               | we have in them?
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Yes. Invasion is basically logistically impossible
               | without the assistance of Canada or Mexico, and _with_
               | their assistance, would require a large, obvious, and
               | vulnerable preparation lasting at least many months.
               | 
               | Of course our having a navy is a good idea. I'm obviously
               | (and I think you know this) not advocating complete
               | disarmament. We probably don't need a navy large enough
               | to project force to the literal other side of the world
               | _in multiple places at the same time_ , though. Nor a
               | standing army large enough to invade and occupy 2+ weaker
               | countries at the same time.
               | 
               | The vast majority of our military spending is about
               | hegemony maintenance and the ability to impose our will
               | around the world, not defending ourselves. Our oceans _do
               | in fact_ put us on easy mode, for simply defending
               | ourselves--we don 't need the world's strongest military
               | to do it.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Aircraft carriers are basically by definition not
               | defensive.
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | A navy is an effective mobile border when you don't have
               | a Hawaii everywhere. It's easier to defend your castle
               | when your first wall is 2000 miles from your natural
               | border.
               | 
               | Plus the best defense is a good offense. Nukes aren't a
               | defensive weapon and yet they're an effective deterrent.
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | Well, since EU is most definitely NOT safe from Russia
               | I'd say you either don't pay enough or the money's
               | squandered on something else.
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | EU's safety is the EU's problem. It has long been
               | underinvesting in security hoping that the US would be
               | its bodyguard. Time to see how little money you have left
               | over for social safety nets when you're not buying cheap
               | resources from the same enemy you need protection from.
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | If EU's safety is its problem then why are we not allowed
               | to take an independent stance in any matter? As to the
               | cheap resources, I'm sorry we didn't invade Iraq, Libia,
               | Syria to get oil for pennies. The EU bought at market
               | price from Russia, what's your point? Was US oil cheaper
               | and we said no?
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | >If EU's safety is its problem then why are we not
               | allowed to take an independent stance in any matter?
               | 
               | The EU pushed for sanctions just as much as the US did,
               | you just don't like the outcome.
               | 
               | >As to the cheap resources, I'm sorry we didn't invade
               | Iraq, Libia, Syria to get oil for pennies.
               | 
               | Well, first, you need a military to be able to do that.
               | Second, we don't get oil for pennies anymore but we're
               | not under existential crisis as to the future of cost of
               | living.
               | 
               | >The EU bought at market price from Russia, what's your
               | point?
               | 
               | You built a dependence on a country you're now scared of
               | and that manages to get by without your money and that
               | was a strategic mistake. The US has and is making a
               | similar mistake with China. If the China situation pops
               | off, it'll be the same thing here (and Europe is going to
               | feel the pain of that because it's reliant on China for
               | cheap tchotchkes too).
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | The US has plenty of useful idiots in positions of power
               | in the EU, yes. They knew precisely what sanctions meant
               | for the populace but went ahead anyway.
               | 
               | As to the military I'd like to refer you to this:
               | https://www.politico.eu/article/europe-nato-problem-
               | defense-...
               | 
               | A couple of quotes:
               | 
               | "Opposition comes not only from the U.S., which despite
               | Trump's browbeating of allies to spend more, is intent on
               | preserving a 70-year-old framework that lets Washington
               | call the shots and put its interests first."
               | 
               | "Under the guise of avoiding "duplication" and demanding
               | "complementary" capabilities, the U.S. and NATO's
               | political leaders continue to put up strong resistance to
               | the EU ever developing the command-and-control
               | capabilities that would allow it to operate outside of
               | the alliance's existing umbrella."
               | 
               | At least on the China situation we seem to agree...
        
           | tekla wrote:
           | Impressive how absolutely no evidence is given by such a
           | massive claim.
           | 
           | At least attempt to refute the article which makes multiple
           | separate claims as to why there is a shortage.
        
             | maerF0x0 wrote:
             | The supply is obvious, but the wise/stupid judgement is
             | still up for debate.
             | 
             | https://www.npr.org/2022/09/28/1125525861/how-the-war-in-
             | ukr...
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | Can't obliterate even the tiny Russian economy without some
           | knock-on effects on the rest of the world.
           | 
           | Between Russia and Ukraine, they produce some vital materials
           | including lots of fertilizer, despite making almost no money.
           | So while we're all taking a small financial hit right now,
           | there are odd things like this as well.
        
             | f6v wrote:
             | > Can't obliterate even the tiny Russian economy without
             | some knock-on effects on the rest of the world.
             | 
             | Maybe the GDP isn't the best and only measure then.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | I'm partial to total net worth measurements, but in case
               | of war, you have to take into account things like scarce
               | materials and growing seasons of crops.
               | 
               | Like how in Age of Empires you had gold as well as wood
               | and food, if memory serves.
        
           | risyachka wrote:
           | I can buy you a ticket to Ukraine so you can check yourself
           | if this is actually more harm or maybe less
        
             | turingnerd wrote:
             | I agree. I'll gladly help buy OP a ticket to Ukraine. Those
             | of us that have family who have died in this war and others
             | who are still suffering are more than proof that the cost
             | of this war has a far greater toll on humanity than short
             | term price increases. And, yes, I say that fully aware that
             | economics impact and starve other humans, too. But lets
             | remember who STARTED this war, and that the world has a
             | moral obligation to do anything it can short of
             | obliterating the earth with nuclear war to stop it and
             | deter it.
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | Why would "the world" have any moral obligations? And why
               | would the citizens of EU&UK have to suffer more than say
               | those of US, AU, NZ, SK and so on?
        
               | pb7 wrote:
               | Why does everyone have to suffer from what happens in
               | your backyard?
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | Nobody has to suffer, it's just that the sanctions don't
               | work as intended and need to be lifted. Find other ways
               | to help Ukr, don't f*k EU over.
        
               | distances wrote:
               | Sanctions do work, albeit not as well as everyone hoped.
               | 
               | I don't think they should be lifted until Russia reforms.
               | Not even when the war is over, unless accompanied with a
               | regime change that takes serious steps to undo the
               | imperialism.
               | 
               | I think it's completely reasonable to expect Russia to
               | get the same treatment as Iran and North Korea.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | Atreiden wrote:
           | Refusing to sanction an aggressive nation empowers that
           | nation to continue its aggression.
           | 
           | Sanctions can be painful in the short term, sure, but they're
           | a necessary evil. They heavily disincentivize violence
           | without the need for more violence.
           | 
           | War is arguably the greatest source of human suffering in
           | history.
        
             | ihatepython wrote:
             | Can you name one time in history where sanctions have
             | actually worked?
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | The Iranian nuclear deal, until some stable genius ripped
               | it appart.
        
               | sneed_chucker wrote:
               | It definitely put pressure on Rhodesia and South Africa,
               | both of which eventually experienced regime change.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | No idea about Rhodesia but for SA I think it was mainly
               | doing of ANC
        
               | notch898c wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | f6v wrote:
               | Sanctions are not designed to change the regime. Look at
               | the French president complaining how it's "not fair" the
               | the US seize the moment to lure European manufacturers to
               | the USA.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Cast your mind back to WW2, where the Allies' sanction of
               | Japan basically set the wheels in motion for their
               | collapse.
        
         | kneebonian wrote:
         | So there's a big long video by Petar Zeihan at the Iowa Pork
         | Conference but the TL;DR is that the Ukraine and Russia are 2
         | or the world's 3 leading producers of nitrogen.
         | 
         | This is a critical component of fertilizer. Because of
         | fertilizer we weren't just able to make land good for crops
         | better for crops we were able to make land that was marginal
         | for crops good for crops.
         | 
         | Because of this we could farm a lot more land; however with
         | less fertilizer suddenly that land can't be farmed. What this
         | means is less arable land = less food.
         | 
         | As a result the supply decreases while demand increases,
         | leading to a price increase.
         | 
         | So yes it is a real excuse, and the problem is that many
         | nations in the world import more than 50% of their calories and
         | almost no nations on earth are calorically self sufficient.
        
         | deelowe wrote:
         | Ukraine isn't called the breadbasket of europe for no reason.
         | It's hard to grow crops for export when you're at war.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Still only responsible for 3% of global production, and there
           | are bigger European producers:
           | 
           | https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/08/top-10-countries-
           | prod...
        
             | deelowe wrote:
             | Wouldn't it make sense to combine Ukraine with Russia given
             | the sanctions?
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | No, because Russia has enough willing buyers for its
               | production.
        
           | qwytw wrote:
           | But the problem now is that there is way too much grain in
           | Europe to the extent that neighboring countries are banning
           | imports from Ukraine to protect their farmers...
        
           | qbasic_forever wrote:
           | Didn't Poland decide they didn't actually need Ukraine's
           | grain and it's just sitting in ports rotting?
           | https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/16/europe/poland-bans-grain-
           | ukra...
           | 
           | Doesn't seem like there is much demand for Ukraine grain.
        
             | distances wrote:
             | > Doesn't seem like there is much demand for Ukraine grain.
             | 
             | Always with the disinformation.
             | 
             | Ukraine's main exports for grain are obviously not in
             | Europe. https://oec.world/en/profile/country/ukr/
        
               | qwytw wrote:
               | > Always with the disinformation.
               | 
               | There is no need for accusations like this. There is a
               | grain glut in Europe to the extent that Poland and other
               | countries are closing their borders to imports (I think
               | it has something to do with the fact that's it's
               | difficult ship over the black sea due to obvious reasons
               | and the land routes are lacking in capacity).
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/17/slovakia-
               | joins...
        
               | distances wrote:
               | Yes, exactly. There's large need for Ukrainian grain
               | elsewhere, but export via sea routes is obviously very
               | hard with the war going on. My comment was about the
               | parent trying to twist this to mean there's no demand for
               | the grain, which obviously isn't true.
        
               | deelowe wrote:
               | Export would include sea exports of course. Where's the
               | misinformation?
        
         | FpUser wrote:
         | War in Ukraine is being used by politicians all across the
         | world to distract from their own fuck-ups, power grab,
         | infringement on freedoms etc. etc.
        
         | kasey_junk wrote:
         | The article suggests is due to rice replacing other grains in
         | the global diet.
         | 
         | Between Russia and the Ukraine 27% of the worlds wheat supply
         | is impacted by the war and another 15% of the worlds corn.
         | 
         | It seems reasonable to conclude that would have an impact on
         | the price of other grain staples.
        
           | puzzlingcaptcha wrote:
           | And yet wheat futures (ZW) have been falling steadily for the
           | past six months and are now below the pre-invasion levels.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | price =|= availability
        
               | puzzlingcaptcha wrote:
               | The very purpose of futures contracts is to ensure
               | availability in the future at a predetermined price. I am
               | not sure what your point is.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | That there is no guarantee that the stuff will be
               | available so, thing shappen. Also, just because futures
               | are cheap, doesn't mean stuff is available now or in the
               | near future. It only means the markets think grain will
               | be plenty at one point, and thus cheap.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | All a low futures price means is that money men are
               | betting there won't be a shortage, it doesn't say
               | anything about whether there will be a shortage or not.
        
               | pfannkuchen wrote:
               | Price is not solely determined by availability, but it is
               | largely determined by availability, especially in the
               | case of rapid shifts in availability (since other factors
               | take time to adjust in response).
        
             | kasey_junk wrote:
             | That would imply that rice pressure would come down in the
             | future easing the deficit (assuming global tastes haven't
             | permanently changed).
             | 
             | The article mentions a surplus next year is anticipated.
        
         | andrepd wrote:
         | Across the EU at least, margins of big-box retailers have gone
         | through the roof. So producers are shafted because fuel and
         | fertilisers are crazy expensive, and consumers are shafted
         | because prices are going through the roof much faster than
         | wages. The middle-man with enough bargaining power to
         | effectively dictate purchasing prices to producers absorbs all
         | the profit, using "the inflation" as a marketing cover.
        
         | f6v wrote:
         | Yet Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Bulgaria say Ukrainian grain
         | is too cheap and upsets local farmers. Guys, but the EU said it
         | was for feeding the poor, and not for making pierogi. I'm so
         | confused at this point.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | yamtaddle wrote:
           | Both could be true. A glut of product trying to make its way
           | through ports & other logistic routes that it usually
           | doesn't, might drive down the price of the product _at those
           | ports_ --while, globally, the supply might be lower and
           | prices higher.
           | 
           | Think up a toy case with some remote old-west town coming
           | into a glut of some bulky, perishable good, but having only
           | one train line to distribute it, and the potential for this
           | effect becomes clear. Or an island, or whatever. The
           | logistics systems in question aren't _that_ isolated,
           | obviously, but they still have limited capacity that 's
           | unlikely to go up much in response to anything perceived as
           | only a temporary situation, so they absolutely _might_ see
           | local prices (including for export) depressed even as global
           | prices rise. It 's not implausible.
        
             | f6v wrote:
             | I think it's a lot of words trying to justify why the
             | "grain deal" hasn't achieved the declared goals. I'm sure
             | lots of profit has been made though.
        
         | metaphor wrote:
         | > _Is that legitimate, or is that just timely excuse making?_
         | 
         | Arguably[1] a bit of both.
         | 
         | [1] https://scholarworks.umass.edu/econ_workingpaper/343/
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | I mean, 1/4 of the world's grain and fertilizer sources are now
         | in a war zone. It would take some hubris to assume we weren't
         | going to feel that in some way.
        
         | AlecSchueler wrote:
         | The war in Ukraine drives up prices of fuel which has a knock
         | on effect to just about everything else.
        
           | illiarian wrote:
           | I wouldn't be surprised if it's also overlapping long tails
           | of everything: from COVID global trade and shipping
           | disruptions to war in Ukraine affecting grain shipments to
           | rising fuel prices to...
        
             | Paul-Craft wrote:
             | Let's not forget natural gas is the main source of methane
             | used to make synthetic fertilizers. Since Russian natural
             | gas isn't flowing the way it used to, I can imagine that
             | would increase the price of food.
        
             | CannisterFlux wrote:
             | "Climate change" is probably the long tail of everything
             | you could add to the list. The flooding in Pakistan in 2022
             | for example. Remember that one? It destroyed crops and then
             | there's the draining and fixing the land afterwards,
             | infrastructure damage making planting for the next season
             | more difficult, and so on. Pakistan was the 3rd global
             | exporter of rice after India and Thailand in 2021.
        
           | qbasic_forever wrote:
           | Saudi Arabia effectively sets the price of oil. Ukraine
           | doesn't produce any of it. Some tanks banging around the
           | countryside there are not major consumers of oil, one oil
           | tanker crossing the ocean is burning and blasting through
           | orders of magnitude more oil.
        
             | tekla wrote:
             | Who said that Tanks in Ukraine are the main drivers to oil
             | price increases?
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | The person I'm directly replying to said the war in
               | Ukraine is causing oil prices to increase. What else
               | would be using major amounts of oil in a war?
               | 
               | But like I said it's beside the point. The price of oil
               | is effectively set by the production volume of Saudi
               | Arabia. Ukraine does not factor into it at all.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Russia is a major oil exporter ~10 million barrels per
               | day, and they are impacted by the war.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | Their exports are humming along just fine as they've made
               | new agreements with China and other countries to get out
               | of the petro-dollar hegemony. It's been over a year and
               | the sanctions against Russian oil exports appear to have
               | done nothing.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | If I posted as frequently within the short amount of time
               | as you have on this topic, my account would have been
               | throttled. My account is frequently throttled for posting
               | more than 5-7 times per hour, and yet, your recent
               | history shows a far higher rate of posts in defense of
               | Russia with no evidence of throttling.
               | 
               | That's very interesting. I wonder if limits are relaxed
               | above 8k karma.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | >"My account is frequently throttled for posting more
               | than 5-7 times per hour"
               | 
               | Same here.
               | 
               | Possible answer:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29718710
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | I'm an American that's fed up with the continued support
               | of sanctions and this useless war in Ukraine. We have
               | flushed billions of dollars into this conflict and
               | enacted pain on the world for zero gain. It's time for
               | the west to admit failure on this and push Ukraine to
               | bargain for a cease fire, even if it costs them contested
               | territory like Crimea or Donbas. The history of conflict
               | in those regions is quite complicated and zero concern
               | for the US--we have far bigger problems at home to worry
               | about.
        
               | phpnode wrote:
               | Your biggest adversary, one that's cast a dark shadow
               | over your country and it's allies, one that's consumed
               | trillions of dollars of defence spending over the last 75
               | years, is now being ground down and exhausted with
               | approximately zero of your countrymen's lives at risk and
               | all for a mere few billion dollars. You're getting a
               | bargain.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | The USSR was a major adversary for roughly 45 years, 1946
               | to 1991. The US provided them major economic aid in WWII
               | which they leveraged into a massive expansion and had
               | minimal interaction before the war.
               | 
               | Russia is a politically distinct fragment of that empire,
               | just like Ukraine.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Indeed "glavniy protivnik/glavniy vrag" is what USSR used
               | to call USA!
        
               | thriftwy wrote:
               | Nope. It wasn't. It was the _most likely_ adversary.
               | Veroiatnyi.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | distances wrote:
               | This war is catastrophic to Ukraine, but relatively costs
               | pennies to western countries. They absolutely should
               | continue armaments as long as Ukraine is willing to
               | fight. Not doing so would mean allowing fascism and
               | outright genocide to spread on European soil, and _that_
               | would have an astronomical cost in the long run.
               | 
               | US and EU would be very, very shortsighted with their own
               | interests if they didn't ship everything Ukraine wants.
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | Well, Ukr really wants foreign soldiers on the front
               | line. Please tell me you're already there, or else I
               | might suspect you're rooting for Putin!
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jdmichal wrote:
               | The best response I've heard to this is: Tell me which
               | part of the US you would willingly give up to Russia if
               | it threatened to attack. If your response would be for
               | them to pound sand, why should we expect or want any
               | different for the Ukraine?
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | The US doesn't launch artillery into its own states like
               | Texas for example. This is why I say the history of
               | conflict in Crimea, Donbas, etc. is complicated--Ukraine
               | government for years has done much aggression against
               | ostensibly its own people (including firing on them with
               | artillery!).
               | 
               | This is not a cut and dry, "Russia bad!! Russia
               | invade!!". Some people in those contested regions
               | welcomed Russia as protectors against Ukraine extremist
               | aggressors.
               | 
               | As an American I have no skin in this fight and nor
               | should I, this is a conflict for Ukraine and Russia to
               | sort out hopefully through diplomacy. Russia has been a
               | world power for decades post USSR fall and clearly have
               | not been on a megalomaniacal quest for world domination.
               | I see no reason to assume they want to start another
               | world war.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | The US most certainly has launched artillery into its own
               | states, including Texas [1]. There's no benefit to doing
               | so now, but if Mexico were to occupy all of Texas
               | tomorrow, I guarantee the US would bomb inside Texas.
               | Similarly, if Mexico just supplied support to get Texas
               | to secede, there would also be violence.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | The southern states started the civil war in protest
               | against moves to end slavery which they profited from
               | directly. It was not northern states deciding to be
               | aggressors against the southern states for no good
               | reason. The circumstances were completely different and
               | you know it (it's in the wikipedia article you cite!).
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | the history may be complicated, and that's why it's up to
               | the UN, or bilateral negotiation between russia and
               | Ukraine, to resolve the issue, rather than russia using
               | force and trying to genocide Ukraine because russia is
               | mad they don't get everything they want
               | 
               | indeed, as soon as russia abandoned the former,
               | diplomacy, and resorted to the latter, force, they lost
               | all benefit of the doubt and all rights to anything they
               | wanted
               | 
               | and that's to say nothing of the fact that russian
               | soldiers rape, torture, and murder men, women, and
               | children in areas of Ukraine they control, so ceding
               | control means allowing that to happen, which obviously
               | means it wouldn't actually lead to peace, because who
               | would be peaceful sacrificing THEIR friends, family, and
               | countrypeople to that? You?
        
               | glogla wrote:
               | I also wonder why what is basically Russian propaganda
               | account has no limits and how it got to 8k karma, when it
               | has basically nothing to say.
               | 
               | I know there is practice of buying established accounts
               | with bunch of karma / followers to use for both marketing
               | and propaganda purposes so that might be this case.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | Respectfully, you are delusional if you think I've been
               | on HN for years, posting in lots of unrelated threads,
               | etc. to be some apparatus of Russian propaganda.
               | 
               | It's time to realize real, normal people are fed up with
               | this useless conflict. That's the takeaway here that you
               | refuse to see.
        
               | glogla wrote:
               | I know some people want Russia to win, and they are real.
               | They are either ignorant or they are horrible and evil
               | people.
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | Yes, people who don't think like you do are horrible
               | human beings.
        
               | baremetal wrote:
               | "Everyone who disagrees with my point of view must be
               | ignorant or evil" is a terrible argument and only
               | strengthens his point.
               | 
               | What a juvenile and reductive way to view people and
               | relationships. Have you ever self-reflected and
               | considered maybe you might be wrong about anything, ever?
               | Have you ever extended any generosity of argument?
               | 
               | How about people are genuinely tired of the bs.
        
               | glogla wrote:
               | We are talking about genocidal war where the first thing
               | the occupiers establish in occupied territories are
               | torture rooms. Just last week, Russian soldiers admited
               | on camera they had orders to murder children and went
               | along with it.
               | 
               | What kind of self reflection would make people who are ok
               | with that not complete filth I wonder?
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | Maybe some people don't realize that russian soldiers
               | rape, torture, and murder men, women, elderly, children,
               | in areas of Ukraine they control (as confirmed by UN war
               | crimes investigations)?
               | 
               | Maybe these people are simply okay with that happening
               | because they are 'tired'?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | But the price of oil and gas is still up in Europe.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | In the UK I was filling up the other day and reflecting
               | how I'd being paying the exact same price 10 years ago.
               | 
               | My current car costs me 15p/mile to drive. Back in 2000 I
               | remember it was costing me about 13p/mile -- that was in
               | a car with worse mpg, but either way it feels it's never
               | been cheaper to drive in the UK.
               | 
               | In 2004 it was 80p a litre, or PS1.57 in today's money
               | [1]. I filled up for well under PS1.49 - I don't recall
               | exactly.
               | 
               | In 2008 petrol peaked at PS1.20 or PS2.05 in today's
               | money, about the same peak as last year's PS1.90 a litre.
               | 
               | In real terms petrol today is well below 2018 levels
               | 
               | [0] https://www.racfoundation.org/data/uk-pump-prices-
               | over-time
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.in2013dollars.com/uk/inflation/2004?amount=80
        
               | hardware2win wrote:
               | I'd argue that there is shitton of logistics around war
               | which requires a lot of transportation
        
             | Paul-Craft wrote:
             | I believe the fuel being referred to is natural gas, much
             | of which has historically come from Russia.
        
             | theandrewbailey wrote:
             | Russia is a major producer of oil and gas, which has been
             | extremely sanctioned. Oil and gas that used to come from
             | Russia need to come from somewhere else, raising demand
             | (and thus, prices) for other producers.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | No Russia made new agreements with China, India, etc. and
               | their oil and gas is being "laundered" through sales to
               | those countries and back out to the west. The sanctions
               | have failed to do anything.
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | Not only failed, but backfired. All these
               | Russia/China/India deals is the result of the sanctions.
               | Heck, even Japan is now ignoring the price thresholds and
               | buys from Russia.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | Yup, and no one is paying for oil in dollars anymore. The
               | global value of the dollar is going to be destroyed over
               | time. It's really breathtaking how quickly the west has
               | decided to shoot itself in the foot with nothing to show
               | for it.
        
               | boc wrote:
               | Cite your sources for the claim that "no one is paying
               | for oil in dollars anymore"
               | 
               | The West has stood up to a blatant land-grab invasion and
               | has armed Ukrainians with the means to defend themselves
               | effectively. Decimating the Russian military without
               | firing a shot is objectively a NATO victory, regardless
               | of the ultimate outcome.
        
               | ren_engineer wrote:
               | the ham-fisted SWIFT ban was the real mistake and that is
               | what's driving countries away from the dollar more than
               | anything. Removing Russia from SWIFT was the financial
               | equivalent of launching nukes and will be seen as a major
               | mistake long term
               | 
               | China's competitor to SWIFT has doubled in transaction
               | volume since the sanctions and is growing fast - https://
               | www.ft.com/content/6d5bbdbc-9f5d-41b2-ba80-7d8ac3973...
        
               | boc wrote:
               | Russia's economy is smaller and less diverse than the
               | state of New York. People treat Russia as a near-peer
               | when they are in reality a backwater gas station strapped
               | to a cold-war era nuclear triad. The fact that their
               | military can't defeat _ukraine_ is absolutely baffling,
               | but indicative of how rotten that country has become.
               | 
               | Cutting them off from SWIFT isn't a nuke in the new
               | financial Cold War. It's the consequence of the path
               | Russia chose when they started this incredibly stupid
               | invasion.
               | 
               | Framing western reactions to Russian stupidity as "the
               | real mistake" shows that you aren't paying enough
               | attention. The US threw down the gauntlet against an
               | unimportant Russian invasion to ensure China gets the
               | message that the United States is ready for economic
               | warfare over Taiwan. If that action decreases the
               | likelihood of invasion by just 10-20%, it's certainly
               | worthwhile.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | The Yuan has lost 7% of it's value against the Dollar in
               | the last 3 months. The fact is the Dollar is incredibly
               | strong, it's up over 6% on a year ago. Yes trade in
               | marginal currencies like the Yuan is up because Russia is
               | desperate, they will trade in anything right now, but
               | this is all small change. It's easy to double
               | transactions when they start from such a pitifully small
               | level to start with. Demand for dollars is as high today
               | as ever.
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | https://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-turns-to-chinas-yuan-
               | in-...
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | Russia _has_ to use the yuan but that's a far cry from
               | "everyone".
               | 
               | China just paid for their first boat of yuan settled LG
               | on the open market 20 days ago. After 6 years of offering
               | it on their exchange. Their meeting with the Saudi's last
               | month came with non-committal statements, again, 6 years
               | after they first started.
               | 
               | I think the yuan becoming more involved in the energy
               | trade is inevitable, they are the largest energy importer
               | in the world and a major economy. It may have even been
               | accelerated by the sanctions on Iran and Russia. But to
               | say that "no one is paying for oil in dollars anymore" is
               | a ludicrous statement (probably one that comes from the
               | posters hopes not the facts).
               | 
               | And adding the petroyuan to the mix is more dangerous to
               | the Chinese currency than to the dollar. It immediately
               | becomes imminently arbitrage-able in ways it can't be
               | currently due to currency controls. The Chinese
               | government has been de-liberalizing their currency
               | because they are worried what the markets will do to it.
               | 
               | That's not to mention their treasury exposure, trade
               | surpluses and the Middle Eastern states currency pegs.
               | 
               | A de-dollarization of the energy market will make it less
               | efficient and may cause some rebalancing of currency
               | reserves, but it will drive all settlement currencies to
               | free market parity which is good for western currencies
               | and bad for Chinese and Russian ones.
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | I agree that "no one is paying for oil in dollars
               | anymore" is an overblown statement. However, the de-
               | dollarization process was started in 2014 and will keep
               | getting stronger. This matches the recent leaks (as well
               | as the video confirmation by Francois Hollande - the
               | former President of France), that the 2014 coup in
               | Ukraine was staged and sponsored by the US. As a
               | Ukrainian, I tend to believe that a good portion of the
               | conflict between Russia and Ukraine is driven by the de-
               | dollarization fears of the US. The global superpower
               | country is basically losing its main leverage, which is,
               | in my personal opinion, a _huge_ deal.
               | 
               | While the mainstream media keeps it all super positive, I
               | think the US did a lot of miscalculations within the past
               | several years. And honestly, something tells me that
               | Putin will outplay them all. The guy is extremely smart
               | and it's foolish to downplay him and say he is not. We
               | shall see.
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | I'm not going to comment on your other opinions as I
               | don't have relevant experience. But de-dollarization was
               | a common refrain in my field (finance) going back to
               | before I was involved in it (2001).
               | 
               | I've seen everything from Nixon in China to the current
               | Russian sanctions being used as reasons for it. I suspect
               | the real reason it will happen is that people can make
               | more money trading in yuan (or rupee) than in usd. Sadly,
               | Russia and Ukraine just aren't important enough to make a
               | dent.
               | 
               | My personal opinion is that the dollar is the reserve
               | currency (and thus the petro currency) is due to much
               | less conspiratorial reasons. It spends all over the
               | world. It isn't debased frequently and it isn't volatile.
               | 
               | China could introduce a currency that had all those
               | properties tomorrow. That they haven't is an indictment
               | of using the yuan as a reserve currency. It would take a
               | significant change to Chinese economics to make that
               | true.
               | 
               | But! If China did that it wouldn't save Russia. Modern
               | currencies hate autocracy and despotism because it runs
               | counter to their premise. It doesn't help Russia for
               | China to liberalize, the only thing that helps them is
               | their own liberalization.
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | Thanks for the common sense response.
               | 
               | > My personal opinion is that the dollar is the reserve
               | currency (and thus the petro currency) is due to much
               | less conspiratorial reasons.
               | 
               | Agreed. There is zero conspiracy around that, which is
               | why I believe the US loosing the natural power of the
               | Dollar is a logical fear.
               | 
               | > It would take a significant change to Chinese economics
               | to make that true.
               | 
               | ..which is what BRICS aiming for? If that is one of their
               | goals, nothing is going to stop them. And honestly,
               | that's a good goal to have. Putting all the negative
               | narrative around Russia/China aside and abstracting away
               | from the US, why should a single country's currency
               | dominate over the entire world? That's simply not fair.
               | 
               | > If China did that it wouldn't save Russia
               | 
               | I somewhat disagree. Russia is not looking to be saved by
               | anyone. Putin's interest is a mutually beneficial
               | partnership. He's a businessman. He's cool with yuan (or
               | any other currency) being the new reserve currency. On
               | the other hand, he is not cool with the US pushing to be
               | the superpower dictating the rules, which obviously goes
               | against the United States' goals and ambitions. I could
               | be wrong, but that's my understanding of things.
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | BRICS is not some counter balance to the US petro dollar.
               | It is at best a coffee claque of countries with the most
               | currency controls of any major economies and at worse a
               | Chinese op to make the yuan more powerful. But the
               | problem is that none of the BRICS nations want a market
               | currency! They want a less dominant USD (which I
               | personally think is understandable but short sighted) but
               | they haven't offered a viable alternative.
               | 
               | That is to say they each want their own currency to be as
               | valuable as USD but haven't done the things it would take
               | to make that happen.
               | 
               | I don't think it is "fair" that the USD is dominant but I
               | think that oil settlement in other currencies is much
               | less detrimental to USD than many people think. Again, if
               | you can settle oil in your currency, you've effectively
               | put it in competition with USD. The Chinese government
               | has been fighting that outcome for as long as there has
               | been modern Chinese currency, and frankly every other
               | currency besides INR doesn't matter for this conversation
               | and INR also has been very controlled.
               | 
               | People seem to have it backwards. Global trade attaches
               | to liberal currencies because that's good for global
               | trade. The US has the most liberal currency of all time
               | (and the most liberal currency currently even with
               | Russian sanctions) and that makes it the petro currency.
               | If the yuan or the rupee liberalize enough to take over
               | the petro trade then there won't be much impact on usd
               | but if they don't then market forces will hurt them more
               | than the US.
               | 
               | The thing that might cause a USD fall is a default on usd
               | debt or the us becoming more conservative on their
               | currency controls but there is so far to go on that
               | compared to their comps it's hard to extrapolate.
               | 
               | I don't have opinions on Putins desires, it's outside of
               | my understanding. But picking the Chinese in a
               | relationship where they have more powers than the
               | previous relationship with Europe seems crazy to me. But
               | international politics is not my sphere.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | It's getting hard to keep taking what you're posting here
               | seriously. It's so wildly over the horizon from reality,
               | it's hard to see the point of replying.
               | 
               | There is zero threat to the dollar. Demand for dollars is
               | higher than ever, and it's still the primary currency for
               | the oil trade, and pretty much any international trade.
               | The recent economic instability has, as always happens,
               | lead investors to flee to stability. That's the dollar,
               | which is why it's up 6.6% over the last year.
               | 
               | What we have to show for the last year is utterly
               | humiliating the Russian military, successfully helping
               | Ukraine repel an assault on their capital, and push back
               | the Russian army twice since in significant territorial
               | losses. The west has never been more united, NATO is
               | stronger than ever. The AUKUS pact and US-European
               | alignment on Taiwan has solidified, despite typical
               | French squirming, but they'll come around. They always
               | do.
               | 
               | It's not like the economic picture is all roses, far from
               | it, but that was happening already. The main achievement
               | is that the fantasies Putin had of rolling back NATO are
               | dead in a ditch, and I think the chances of a Chinese
               | attack on Taiwan in the coming decade are half or less
               | what they were a year ago.
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | It was big news this month when Russian oil exports
               | finally made it back to prewar levels. Their revenue is
               | still off by ~45% from prewar.
               | 
               | The sanctions absolutely did something. Though I think
               | it's reasonable to ask if they caused a net increase in
               | the cost of oil after the initial shock given how big a
               | discount Russian oil buyers are getting. Though even if
               | exports stabilized it's possible the market is paying a
               | risk premium.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | The point of the sanctions was to impact Russia's
               | economy. Remember whole 'ruble is rubble' thing? The IMF
               | expects Russia's economy to see net growth this year [1]
               | after seeing a total decline of -2.1% last year. Their
               | inflation rate is currently 7%, expected to hit 4.6% by
               | the end of the year.
               | 
               | As for oil prices, it's important to remember that oil
               | prices before the war were very high, and they got even
               | higher in the early parts of it. In February 21, 2022
               | (the invasion was on the 24th) prices were at $90/barrel.
               | They hadn't been that high since 2014. [2] So it's easy
               | to be somewhat misled just considering before/after
               | scenarios.
               | 
               | [1] - https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/RUS
               | 
               | [2] - https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/crude-oil
        
               | 0xDEF wrote:
               | The IMF is using the countries' own claims and numbers
               | for their calculations. Russia's own economic numbers
               | have been unreliable since Covid hit and blatantly cooked
               | up since the February 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
               | 
               | This paper gives a more correct view on the dire state of
               | the Russian economy:
               | 
               | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=41671
               | 93
        
               | thriftwy wrote:
               | That article is almost a year old now. Where's the
               | collapse?
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | I think it's entirely fair to suggest the sanctions did
               | not achieve their desired goals.
               | 
               | I think it's an entirely different thing to suggest it
               | did "nothing".
               | 
               | Oil revenues are off 45%. Its GDP was down 2% in 2022
               | while the thing it exports was up. Saudi Arabia's and the
               | UAE GDP set a record over the same time period as a point
               | of reference. The OECD and World Bank anticipate GDP
               | shrinkage this year as well.
               | 
               | The ruble is at its lowest point in 20 years (if you
               | remove the war shock). Thats even with the heroic
               | activity of their central bank last year and current
               | capital flight restrictions. Their sovereign wealth fund
               | holds 16% less today than it did before the sanctions,
               | because its being used to backstop the currency.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | While partially true, you would still expect cost
               | increases from oil flowing through China and India.
               | 
               | I believe Russia is also a major fertilizer exporter and
               | nitrogen fertilizers have more or less doubled in price
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | Nitrogen fertilizer is made from natural gas, so maybe
               | the nitrogen fertilizer plants in the EU were shut down
               | to ensure adequate supplies for the EU's more inelastic
               | demands for natural gas.
               | 
               | (More precisely, the natural gas is a cheap source of
               | hydrogen atoms that get combined with nitrogen in the air
               | to produce the fertilizer.)
               | 
               | Maybe Russia realized that it would be profitable to use
               | some of the natural gas it could no longer sell to Europe
               | to make nitrogen fertilizer, but it takes many months to
               | build the capacity to produce and export it, and in the
               | meantime of course the price remains high.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | f6v wrote:
               | The sanctions didn't fail. They probably complicated the
               | oil transport logistics a lot. There's been stories of
               | how uninsured Russian tankers offload oil bear Gibraltar.
               | Then the oil goes somewhere in China(or India). I suppose
               | it's going to find its way back to Europe as "Indian
               | diesel".
               | 
               | So, exactly as you describe. But all of this should add
               | costs even if the crude oil prices are at the proposed
               | ceiling.
               | 
               | Who lost? Russia and the EU. But who said that wasn't the
               | plan.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | It's been a year, where is this collapse of the Russian
               | economy? It looks like they're doing just fine and can
               | continue to wage war near indefinitely. What are the
               | sanctions even doing at this point??
        
               | f6v wrote:
               | The sanctions were supposed to sever the ties between
               | Russia and the EU. That worked perfectly. Same as the
               | refugee crisis. The two most active supporters of
               | Ukraine(USA and UK) take almost no refugees from Ukraine.
               | It's the EU that suffers from having to support them.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | What? The US has taken an enormous amount of Ukraine
               | refugees:
               | https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/us-
               | admits-27100...
               | 
               | 271,000! That's over double their goal of 100k! They
               | explicitly got rid of refugee restrictions put in place
               | at the start of the pandemic so they could let in Ukraine
               | refugees.
        
               | f6v wrote:
               | Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia combined took twice more than
               | that. 271k is nothing for US given their role in the
               | conflict.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | "given their role in the conflict" is pretty ambiguous,
               | if you're referring to russia's war on, and latest
               | genocide of, Ukraine
               | 
               | could you elaborate on what role you're speaking of, and
               | why you personally think it makes the admittances below
               | your standards?
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | Those countries are next door to Ukraine, a refugee can
               | literally walk to them vs. someone paying for a plane
               | flight to the US. Of course neighboring countries will
               | have more refugees...
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | The Russian economy absolutely cratered when sanctions
               | were rolled out. What are you talking about?
               | 
               | https://tradingeconomics.com/russia/stock-market
               | 
               | https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/impact-
               | sanct...
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | Russia has bounced back and are continuing to wage war
               | just fine despite the sanctions. What is the point of
               | them now?
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | I don't think Russia has "bounced back." And coloring
               | their war-making ability as "just fine" erases all
               | differentiation in cost and effectiveness caused by
               | sanctions.
               | 
               | > What is the point of them now?
               | 
               | I mean, I think they still impose cost and hinder
               | Russia's war-making ability. So it's good to keep them if
               | you like that impact?
               | 
               | You have also moved the goalposts some from upthread[1]:
               | 
               | > The sanctions have failed to do anything.
               | 
               | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35628560
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | Sanctions are greatly increasing the cost of the war to
               | Russia, and reducing their industrial capacity to wage
               | it. Their rate of shelling as been falling steadily, and
               | they are losing armoured vehicles at twice their
               | replacement rate. Their spring offensive was so futile
               | there was actually a lot of confusion about whether they
               | actually launched it yet. They had, and it got massacred.
               | 
               | Easing sanctions would greatly increase the rate at which
               | they could produce military equipment, particularly high
               | tech guided munitions. That would equal more dead
               | Ukrainians.
        
               | fwungy wrote:
               | Russia has $75T in known resource reserves. The US is
               | second at $45T.
               | 
               | Do you really think Russia can't afford to insure oil
               | tankers if the West refuses to do it?
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | It's not about "afford" (insurance is, after all, a
               | profit-generating business), it's about being able to.
        
               | fwungy wrote:
               | They have the resources to make their own insurance
               | company.
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | The question is, will this company be recognized by all
               | required players (ports, authorities etc.). If you're
               | insuring something worth hundreds of millions of dollars,
               | you really want the insurance company to meet certain
               | standards, and have a good reputation of paying out. Can
               | Russian achieve that? Probably. Can they do it quickly?
               | That sounds much trickier.
        
               | fwungy wrote:
               | If Russia doesn't back its insurance it loses credibility
               | around the world.
               | 
               | Russia is a major player in the oil world. It has the
               | relationships and experience to manage this.
        
               | fauxpause_ wrote:
               | This is extremely wrong. The pipes are not flowing. There
               | is oil being transferred via ships, but this is a much
               | smaller volume and is much more expensive. It is not
               | possible to sell the same amount without the pipelines to
               | Europe.
               | 
               | Russian exports and revenues have fallen drastically.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | You are not up to date on the reality of the situation,
               | Russian oil exports are back to prewar levels:
               | https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/14/energy/russia-oil-exports-
               | iea...
               | 
               | They sell oil to a lot more places than Europe!
        
               | 0xDEF wrote:
               | Do not conflate volume with value and oil with natural
               | gas.
               | 
               | Natural gas exports to Europe was Russia's _big_ thing.
               | The value of their oil and natural gas exports to the
               | rest of world has failed make up for this loss.
               | 
               | Even for Russian oil your own link says there has been a
               | 43% drop in revenue and a 21% drop in income.
        
               | fauxpause_ wrote:
               | It's still going to be a lot lower than it would have
               | been. The important bit from a sanction perspective is
               | that their revenue is down 43%.
        
               | CameronNemo wrote:
               | And oil&gas revenue make up a significant portion of the
               | government's budget.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | But what about the price of gas and oil on Europe, isn't
               | that the salient point?
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | The goal of sanctions wasn't to raise the price of oil,
               | it was to crush the Russian economy which the west
               | assumed depended on Russia exporting oil and gas directly
               | to Europe. That goal appears to have failed as Russia
               | just made new agreements to sell oil/gas to other
               | countries (who then sell to Europe).
        
               | distances wrote:
               | On the contrary, that goal has worked pretty well. Russia
               | has to sell crude now, plus at very low price points.
               | It's a shame that China and especially India continue to
               | buy, but at least they're taking advantage of the
               | situation to pay a pittance so Russia isn't making
               | profits with it.
               | 
               | Russia's economy isn't crushed but it has now a massive
               | budget deficit that isn't sustainable without some
               | extreme adaptations.
        
               | fauxpause_ wrote:
               | Your own link cited a 43% drop in revenue, a 21% drop in
               | income, and a large deficit.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | Yes but the purpose of sanctions isn't important to me.
               | My question is has the war increased the prices of fuel
               | that the global supply chain relies on and, in turn,
               | wholesale prices for goods.
        
               | fauxpause_ wrote:
               | Cool. But if you're only going to look out for yourself,
               | don't be surprised when you're at the bottom of the list
               | of concerns for people who are looking to cooperate for
               | the common good.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | That's such an uncharitable reading of my words that I'm
               | struggling not to be offended.
               | 
               | Of course the sanctions are important to me.
               | 
               | But the original question was Does the war in Ukraine
               | affect global prices for seemingly unrelated things.
               | 
               | When I say the purpose of the sanctions aren't important
               | to me I feel it's obvious that I mean only within the
               | context of answering this question.
        
               | fauxpause_ wrote:
               | Sure. Sorry. Fwiw, I don't think that's implied at all
               | however. I think it strongly implies that the purpose of
               | the sanctions simply don't matter to you. Which is a
               | common opinion
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | Cutting off Russian oil completely was never the plan, it
               | would have lead to an extremely damaging spike in oil
               | prices that would have hurt everybody. Rather, the
               | objective was to keep Russian oil flowing, while
               | dramatically reducing the extent to which Russia profits
               | from it.
               | 
               | This has worked, the prices Russia is getting for their
               | oil are single digit dollars above their production
               | costs, which are going up due to sanctions, while global
               | oil prices remained fairly stable.
               | 
               | India and such buying cheap Russian oil is an intended
               | outcome, not a problem. Good for them. It also helps that
               | India is processing this oil into value-add exports that
               | are pricing out Russian alternatives.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | Here's an actual quote: "The price cap is specifically
               | designed to reduce Russian revenues and Russia's ability
               | to fund its war of aggression whilst limiting the impact
               | of Russia s war on global energy prices, particularly for
               | low and middle-income countries," - Joint statement by G7
               | finance ministers.
               | 
               | A lot of breathless headlines got published early on by
               | non-specialist journalists that have never had to cover
               | anything like this, but nobody who actually understands
               | the history and practice of sanctions in the modern era
               | believed they would actually bring Russia to their knees
               | any time soon. Read any of the coverage of these
               | sanctions in The Economist from last year.
               | 
               | North Korea has been under far more severe sanctions for
               | generations and has even managed to develop nuclear
               | weapons. Iran came under similarly severe sanctions and
               | they're still a credible regional threat. The idea that
               | Russia, a nuclear state with massive foreign reserves to
               | draw on, even aside from the ones frozen in the west,
               | would be beggared in a matter of months was always
               | absurd. Sanctions have never in the modern era actually
               | forced a state to capitulate.
               | 
               | Wiping out on the order of 85% of Russia's oil profits
               | while maintaining global prices is a major success. Yes
               | Russian oil is still flowing, but the profits are now
               | disproportionately going to countries outside Russia,
               | like India. They're not suffering from the sanctions,
               | they're making a killing Good for them. Even if you don't
               | believe that this was the stated goal, though as you can
               | see from the quote I opened with it was the actual stated
               | goal, it's still obviously what's actually happened.
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | Also the cost/availability of fertilizer on the other side of
           | the conflict
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/2022/09/28/1125525861/how-the-war-in-
           | ukr...
        
         | chaostheory wrote:
         | If you read further down in the article, China is suffering
         | from a drought that's been the worse in decades
         | 
         | Edit monsoon not drought. Thanks s1artibartfast
         | 
         |  _"In the second half of last year, swaths of farmland in the
         | world's largest rice producer China were plagued by heavy
         | summer monsoon rains and floods. The accumulated rainfall in
         | the country's Guangxi and Guangdong province, China's major
         | hubs of rice production, was the second highest in at least 20
         | years, according to agriculture analytics company Gro
         | Intelligence. Similarly, Pakistan -- which represents 7.6% of
         | global rice trade -- saw annual production plunge 31% year-on-
         | year due to severe flooding last year, said the U.S. Department
         | of Agriculture (USDA), labeling the impact as 'even worse than
         | initially expected.'"_
         | 
         | Reading further, I'm not sure why Ukraine is mentioned either
         | since their major food export is wheat and not rice
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Point of clarification, China is suffering from monsoon, not
           | drought
        
             | neverartful wrote:
             | The country's land mass is big enough that it's possible
             | for both to be true, no?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Possible, but article actually supports one reason and
               | not the other.
               | 
               | >The accumulated rainfall in the country's Guangxi and
               | Guangdong province, China's major hubs of rice
               | production, was the second highest in at least 20 years,
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | One thing I could think of spontaniously is this: Ukraine is
           | exporting less (they seemed to recover, but markets and the
           | bullwhip effect don't care rigjt away), so shortfall of
           | Ukrainian grain has to be compensated and rice is one such
           | alternative. As a result some of the grain shortages are
           | causing rice shortages. Throw in problems in China and the
           | situation gets really confusing and complex.
        
           | photochemsyn wrote:
           | It's really a combination of drought in some regions and
           | monsoon in others, both being pushed to extremes by fossil-
           | fueled global warming:
           | 
           | https://www.gro-intelligence.com/insights/china-drought-
           | thre...
           | 
           | > "(Aug 22) China has issued a nationwide drought warning as
           | the country copes with scant rainfall and one of the most
           | severe heat waves in six decades. The harsh weather is
           | stressing rice and wheat crops and could force China to
           | increase imports of these important grains....In addition,
           | soil moisture levels are at a 12-year low, and Gro's Drought
           | Index reading is elevated. "
           | 
           | https://www.gro-intelligence.com/insights/extreme-weather-
           | me...
           | 
           | > "(Jun 2022) Typically, China's rainy season occurs from May
           | to September, and this year's season is already off to an
           | extreme start. The accumulated rainfall in Guangxi,
           | Guangdong, and Fujian is the second highest in at least 20
           | years, and some regions, such as Guangdong and Guangxi, have
           | experienced double the average daily precipitation for the
           | May to June period..."
           | 
           | These extreme fluctuations in drought and flood are not going
           | away, of course, and will continue to get worse over the next
           | 100 years.
        
       | ta8645 wrote:
       | So food will cost more. But nobody remembers the rice shortage of
       | 20 years ago; and this one will also be largely irrelevant, in
       | the big scheme of things.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | Didn't it cause revolutions and riots? I'm sure people who were
         | barely or not at all affected don't remember and think it was
         | irrelevant, but why would you think that was universal?
        
         | conroydave wrote:
         | i feel as though these days prices fail to return back to
         | normal after sharp spikes like they have in the past,
         | anecdotally
        
           | ta8645 wrote:
           | Oh, they're never going back. We're all going to be less
           | wealthy going forward. But it isn't because of a rice
           | shortage.
        
         | laverya wrote:
         | Africa's population has nearly doubled since the year 2000.
         | (819 million to 1.4 billion)
         | 
         | Africa also imports a lot of rice.
        
         | h1fra wrote:
         | Probably because you are very far from the people actually
         | dying from hunger?
        
           | ta8645 wrote:
           | There has always been enough food to feed the hungry, and
           | there will continue to be enough with this rice shortage.
           | That's not the reason people starve.
        
             | deathgripsss wrote:
             | There's always enough food to feed the hungry... Until
             | there isn't. What makes you so sure that there will
             | continue to be enough food indefinitely?
        
               | ta8645 wrote:
               | Oh, at some point we'll be hit by a meteor, and anyone
               | who manages to avoid death in the initial impact will
               | surely starve to death. But then, a dip in rice
               | production, no worse than one from twenty years prior,
               | won't be the issue.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | 11235813213455 wrote:
       | potatoes grow super easily and are the food with highest satiety
       | (so it's highly nutritious)
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7498104/, so we could turn more
       | to that
        
         | badpun wrote:
         | > potatoes grow super easily
         | 
         | True dat. My neighbor threw some potato peelings into her
         | compost heap, and later used that compost to fertilize her
         | roses. Lo and behold, she had potatoes growing between the
         | roses a couple months later.
        
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