[HN Gopher] Killing sparrows led to famines in China
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Killing sparrows led to famines in China
        
       Author : aashutoshrathi
       Score  : 59 points
       Date   : 2023-04-12 17:27 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.historydefined.net)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.historydefined.net)
        
       | alfor wrote:
       | Another example of the peril of central planning and total
       | authority.
       | 
       | Make me think of the climate change orthodoxy were we focus
       | solely on co2 and forget about all the other human problems.
        
         | kelseyfrog wrote:
         | On the other side of the coin is the anarchy of thought that
         | exists around COVID. It's almost like humans societies are a
         | complex series of trade offs irreducible to the simplicities of
         | total authority or total anarchy.
        
         | jemmyw wrote:
         | Not really. Climate change is a multiplier or interwoven with
         | lot of those other problems. Plus burning fossil fuels is so
         | central to our economies that we haven't even stopped co2
         | emissions rising.
         | 
         | If we'd actually focused on co2, rather than the less than
         | minimum effort made so far, then maybe there'd be more space
         | for the other problems. Instead this one problem looms larger
         | and larger.
        
           | alfor wrote:
           | Look into the work of Tony Seba: renewable are on an
           | exponential growth.
           | 
           | Tesla Master plan 3 highlight the step needed to fully
           | transition
           | 
           | Bjorn Longburgh explain in his book and interview what are
           | the different priorities and costs associated with the
           | different way we can do good in the world.
           | 
           | I am super into renewable, but climate change will not be a
           | problem at the current speed of innovation. We should focus
           | on making the poor richer so they then can care about the
           | environment. We should also tell young people to have kids,
           | that there is _not_ too many people on the planet and we
           | should be _way_ more careful with the risks of nuclear war.
           | 
           | Not too long ago we were afraid of widespread famine in the
           | 2000 and the return of Ice age, and probably many others
           | thing.
        
             | ericd wrote:
             | Does he have a good answer for the problem of
             | overgeneration during the summer months, and
             | undergeneration in winter? If you run the numbers on
             | battery energy density, cost, and what it takes to run an
             | efficient heat pump, it seems clear that renewables alone
             | aren't quite a solution yet. I'd love to be wrong, though.
        
       | neovialogistics wrote:
       | Someone once commented to me that rather than blaming Mao
       | personally, the blame for the negative consequences of The Great
       | Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution should be placed on the
       | systemic forces that legitimised the absence of domain experts in
       | policy making.
       | 
       | It's a nice sentiment but I have a gut feeling that these kinds
       | of frameworks - where blame is taken away from people and
       | attributed to abstract concepts - lead to worse outcomes long-
       | term. Is that gut feeling just my evolutionary instincts talking
       | or is it a sign of something useful?
        
         | ipnon wrote:
         | "The bureaucracy is expanding to meet the needs of the
         | expanding bureaucracy."
        
         | emaginniss wrote:
         | Don't blame Mao, blame the system Mao built!
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | Well, where did those systemic forces come from? Does it take
         | your right back to Mao? (I have no idea, it just seems curious
         | that suddenly you'd have these systemic forces cause huge
         | problems that didn't exist before...)
         | 
         | "It's systemic" isn't a stopping point for an investigation. If
         | you diagnose something as systemic it tells you something about
         | how you're gonna have to fight it, but nothing really about
         | blame. E.g. if you talk about the effects of systemic racism in
         | the US the blame isn't abstract, you can clearly trace back
         | many policies, biases, and differences to _active, individual_
         | racism over centuries.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | hintymad wrote:
       | And whoever publicly even doubted the decision of Mao was labeled
       | as right-wing who spread misinformation, or counter-
       | revolutionaries who sabotaged the great socialism movement. Maybe
       | there is some truth in the question: who's the arbiter of
       | information?
        
         | nawgz wrote:
         | That sounds like an unfalsifiable claim. Do you have any
         | evidence supporting it, or are you "just asking questions"?
         | 
         | Edit: I deserve to have been downvoted, I have misinterpreted
         | the context of "right" in the parent post and they have
         | educated me with articles in turn
        
           | rdtsc wrote:
           | Even asking questions is not a bad way to keep the conversion
           | going. Not every sentence has to be proven logically and
           | supported by extensive research and references.
        
           | revelio wrote:
           | History books? The evidence is abundant, it's weird that this
           | is even in dispute. Not sure what the Chinese term was but
           | the Soviets used the word "bourgeoisie" or sometimes "kulaks"
           | where today we would say right wing/capitalists, and they
           | used propaganda (propaganda) for what today we would call
           | misinformation. And counter-revolutionaries were just
           | counter-revolutionaries, no change there.
           | 
           | The only bit about hintymad's claim that's false is that the
           | people who publicly doubted Mao weren't labelled as things.
           | They were just executed.
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | You're in luck, there's a whole wikipedia page covering the
             | named offenses[1] of the cultural revolution. Rightist,
             | reactionary, and class-enemy seem to have been common based
             | on my reading.
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_offences_in_China
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | > Not sure what the Chinese term was but the Soviets used
             | the word "bourgeoisie" or sometimes "kulaks"
             | 
             | Yup, Chinese did use "bourgeoisie" too. It's called Xiaozi
             | (Xiao Zi ), though the connotation of the word today has
             | drastically changed. Before and during the Culture
             | Revolution, the word referred to those who didn't have
             | complete conviction in the Revolution and were attracted to
             | the "corrupted life style" of the western world. However,
             | bourgeoisies were educable. If they refused the education,
             | whatever that means, they would turn into the right.
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | Oh my god, are you serious? Or I just naively assumed that
           | the dark history of China back in the 50s and 60s are well
           | known? The Great Leap Forward. The Anti-Right Campaign (BTW,
           | "right" in Marxism terms are akin to the left in the western
           | world). The Four Cleansing Movement. The Campaign to
           | Eliminate the Four Pests... Millions of people died of hunger
           | and millions more lost their civil rights for decades! People
           | who questioned whether an acre could produce more than 5000KG
           | of rice got persecuted.
           | 
           | Just do the Google search on the terms.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | In addition, do check out
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Zhixin,
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin_Zhao, and
           | https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/politics-
           | guilt-092820.... Mind you, the "crimes" these people
           | "committed" were deemed serious by the progressives during
           | those times. Yeah, so much for the left wanting to censor
           | information.
        
             | nawgz wrote:
             | Thanks, I did not know it was literally called the "Anti-
             | Rightist" campaign and I see I misunderstood the comment
             | and implications you originally made. Sorry for that.
        
           | azemetre wrote:
           | I mean struggle sessions were a real thing. [1] Suppose it's
           | hard to say that any particular person was forced into a
           | struggle session for saying that killing sparrows was wrong,
           | but they were absolutely a thing and mostly used to quell
           | dissent and spread Maoism.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struggle_session
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35543940.
        
         | hintymad wrote:
         | I honestly hope that people didn't downvote the comment because
         | of the mention of "right". The "right" in China (or the third
         | Internationale in general) is akin to the liberals in the
         | western world.
         | 
         | The whole point of the comment is that truth matters and
         | freedom of speech matters and government or any entity alone
         | can't be the arbiter of information
        
       | dduugg wrote:
       | The Great Leap Forward Poured Down Upon Us One Day Like A Mighty
       | Storm, Suddenly And Furiously Blinding Our Senses.
       | 
       | We Stood Transfixed In Blank Devotion As Our Leader Spoke To Us,
       | Looking Down On Our Mute Faces With A Great, Raging, And Unseeing
       | Eye.
       | 
       | Like The Howling Glory Of The Darkest Winds, This Voice Was
       | Thunderous And The Words Holy, Tangling Their Way Around Our
       | Hearts And Clutching Our Innocent Awe.
       | 
       | A Message Of Avarice Rained Down And Carried Us Away Into False
       | Dreams Of Endless Riches.
       | 
       | "Annihilate The Sparrow, That Stealer Of Seed, And Our Harvests
       | Will Abound; We Will Watch Our Wealth Flood In."
       | 
       | And By Our Own Hand Did Every Last Bird Lie Silent In Their
       | Puddles, The Air Barren Of Song As The Clouds Drifted Away. For
       | Killing Their Greatest Enemy, The Locusts Noisily Thanked Us And
       | Turned Their Jaws Toward Our Crops, Swallowing Our Greed Whole.
       | 
       | Millions Starved And We Became Skinnier And Skinnier, While Our
       | Leaders Became Fatter And Fatter.
       | 
       | Finally, As That Blazing Sun Shone Down Upon Us, Did We Know That
       | True Enemy Was The Voice Of Blind Idolatry; And Only Then Did We
       | Begin To Think For Ourselves.
       | 
       | - Red Sparowes, "Every Red Heart Shines Toward The Red Sun"
        
         | ycombinete wrote:
         | For anyone else wondering why each word in this is capitalised:
         | 
         |  _"Despite having no lyrics, the album (by way of its song
         | titles) follows the story of the Great Leap Forward in Mao
         | Zedong-era China, more specifically recounting the Great
         | Sparrow Campaign, a mass killing of sparrows (along with rats,
         | flies and mosquitoes) that fed on a portion of the harvest and
         | were seen as pests."_ [0]
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Every_Red_Heart_Shines_Towar...
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | OrbOfConfusion wrote:
         | A truly fantastic album, start to finish.
        
       | rdtsc wrote:
       | > The People's Republic of China had to import 250,000 sparrows
       | from the Soviet Union to stop the ecological disruption.
       | 
       | That was surprising. I knew about the sparrows and the famine,
       | but had no idea about them being imported later by the hundreds
       | of thousands.
       | 
       | > The diversion of labor from harvesting crops to steel
       | production and construction meant crop supplies were left to rot
       | in fields.
       | 
       | That was often done in badly built smelters which were not able
       | to produce quality steel
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backyard_furnace
       | 
       | From the wikipedia article:
       | 
       | > Mao Zedong defended backyard furnaces despite the shortcomings,
       | claiming that the practice showed mass enthusiasm, mass
       | creativity, and mass participation in economic development.
       | 
       | At least with sparrows they sort of acknowledged they screwed up.
       | But the steel furnace comment, reminded me of the local
       | municipality, where we carefully sorted recyclables into multiple
       | streams, which later turned out were dumped into a single
       | landfill. Eventually, the municipality told people to stop
       | sorting the materials, and just use the one bin, but people
       | refused and raised complaints. The city understood their error,
       | apologized, and reverted their decision, letting citizens perform
       | their sorting ritual, but in the end still dumped everything into
       | one large landfill.
        
       | idoubtit wrote:
       | I've read about this several times, and I'm not surprised the
       | story is popular. Many people see China as a foe, so they like to
       | smear it. That's alright, but anyone should be extra cautious
       | when a story is just what most people want. Stories tend to
       | inflate and bend to please their auditory.
       | 
       | For instance, consider the claim that China had to import 250,000
       | sparrows from the USSR. Where does it come from? This article
       | seems to be a mash-up of a few sources, mainly Wikipedia. Indeed
       | Wikipedia has the same claim, which is sourced from the book
       | "Mao: The Real Story", by Alexander Pantsov. The said book has
       | just a single sentence about this: "As a result, the Chinese even
       | had to import sparrows from the Soviet Union." A vague assertion:
       | no source, no date, no number of birds. Searching the web only
       | showed many deformations of this (imported from Russia (sic), or
       | USSR and Canada, or imported a million sparrows...). I couldn't
       | find more about this in JSTOR and SciHub.
       | 
       | Overall, I haven't see anything compelling about this detail
       | (importing sparrows) and not much about the main claim (killing
       | sparrows is the main cause of the famine).
       | 
       | One last thought: pesticides have killed scores of birds and
       | insects, especially in the USA. Probably much more than the Four
       | Pests Campaign did. And ecological imbalances have obviously
       | suffered during the last decades: among others, bees are waning
       | in many countries. It seems a bit hypocritical to blame Mao in
       | the past and forget Monsanto-Bayer and Co in the present.
        
         | warning26 wrote:
         | Ah yes, the "fake news" defense.
        
       | kevviiinn wrote:
       | I find it rather strange that people tend to blame the famine on
       | communism and central planning
        
         | chaostheory wrote:
         | Why?
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | Central planning usually causes shortages of _everything_
         | including food. Famines are a routine occurrence under
         | communism.
         | 
         | https://victimsofcommunism.org/curriculum-chapter-2/
        
           | quacked wrote:
           | After reading several autobiographies of people who lived in
           | the USSR, I've started to think that material shortages are
           | actually the deliberate goal of people who run communist
           | countries. More succinctly, without material shortages,
           | communist-inspired governments rapidly cease to exist.
           | 
           | If the People are not presently experiencing a material
           | shortage, then they do not rely on authority figures to go
           | about the daily business of feeding and policing themselves.
           | Without regular contact between the People and the central
           | authority personnel, it becomes impossible for the central
           | authority personnel to supervise and grant/revoke permissions
           | for them. Supervision and permission were the two components
           | absolutely required for the government of the USSR to
           | continue to exist--supervision allows for the early
           | identification of threats to the government structure, and
           | "permission" systems create excuses for the government to
           | deploy the violent martial caste against threats to their
           | supremacy.
           | 
           | (It is self-evident that people don't like living inside
           | systems where they're constantly monitored and supervised;
           | millions of people around the world work very hard to leave
           | supervision-heavy countries for less-supervised ones. Also,
           | children everywhere chafe against school, and prisoners chafe
           | against prison.)
           | 
           | So I don't believe a truly centrally-planned, communist
           | government will ever generate a useful material surplus
           | (food, medicine, tools, etc.). If it did, the People who
           | enjoyed the results of the surplus would immediately stop
           | participating in the centrally planned processes mandated
           | upon them by the planning committees.
           | 
           | Conversely, the first thing any centrally-planned government
           | will do is organize itself in such a way that all important
           | goods become scarce, so that it can guarantee regular contact
           | points with citizens and set up a robust system of permission
           | granting and revocation.
        
         | more_corn wrote:
         | This was 100% a problem caused by central planning and failure
         | to consider second order effects.
         | 
         | But at the core the problem was blindly following the
         | suggestion of a leader who is not making evidence based
         | decisions. This will always end in tragedy.
         | 
         | I regret to report that such leaders can and do emerge under
         | every economic system.
         | 
         | Maybe free markets are less susceptible to them because the
         | leaders have less power over people's lives in free markets.
         | 
         | Perhaps the takeaway should Be to limit the power our leaders
         | have over us because the world is complex and a central plan
         | will never encompass the realities of every individual.
        
         | Fernicia wrote:
         | What is strange about that?
        
         | zabzonk wrote:
         | who else would you blame it on? communist, centralised states
         | are reknown for causing these kinds of problems - look at the
         | ussr in the 1920s and 30s.
        
           | fdye wrote:
           | So I think its fair to say the USSR, China, Cuba, North Kora
           | were a form of communism that had the following
           | characteristics. 1. Authoritarian 2. Central planning
           | (perhaps the same thing) 3. Slow to change These are all
           | valid criticisms based on what we know from history, etc. I
           | think there is a bit of nuance here though based on a glance
           | of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_famines and some
           | basic history. 1. China did experience some horrible famines,
           | particularly the '59-'61. However, they had experienced
           | these, ~20years+/- 10 years, since at least the 1800s,
           | perhaps 1700. That is well into royal rule prior to the
           | revolution. Particularly the 1810, 1811, 1846, and 1849 (Four
           | famines, ~45Mil dead). Just saying, objectively, not sure the
           | average peasant was more or less likely to experience a
           | famine under the royal rule or communism. 2. Russia and the
           | surrounding neighbors that were consumed by the USSR, seem to
           | have a similar story. The Tsar's in particular were not very
           | good at economics, logistics, or resource management. 3. Post
           | WWII cold war meant virtually every communist country was
           | isolated and sort of by definition a centralized state. They
           | were locked out of the emerging reserve currency (Dollar).
           | They could not freely go to market with their goods. As well
           | as they were all sort of frenemies of each other (see
           | relationship between Korea, China, and USSR for examples).
           | 
           | Look I'm no great lover of communism, I sat through the same
           | U.S. history classes in the 80's-90's, saw the wall fall on
           | TV, etc. That said I think the one thing no one acknowledges
           | is that people don't start revolutions and try out radical
           | types of government because their lives are going just swell!
           | Shit maybe its to much Civ as a kid, but I think its
           | important to be honest about the pluses and minuses of
           | government and the specifics of the people, region, and time
           | period that these changes occur.
        
             | zabzonk wrote:
             | > people don't start revolutions and try out radical types
             | of government because their lives are going just swell!
             | 
             | of course they don't, and i deeply sympathise. but what
             | they always seem to end up with like genocidal maniacs like
             | mao and stalin. both communists. and of course, in the
             | west, we had hitler. but after 1945 i would say human life
             | has improved in the west - more than i can say for china
             | (despite industrialisation) and the "former" ussr.
             | 
             | i should say i am someone of broadly left-wing leanings.
        
           | Tiktaalik wrote:
           | It wasn't just the communists that were not thinking about
           | the consequences, making moronic choices and ruining
           | ecosystems.
           | 
           | See also: Frogs and Rabbits in Australia, Deer in Haida
           | Gwaii, Mongooses in Hawaii, the list goes on and on...
        
           | kevviiinn wrote:
           | So the ideas of communism is what cause people to kill off
           | sparrows or was it just bad information and bad/incomplete
           | research on what role sparrows played
        
             | ashwagary wrote:
             | >So the ideas of communism is what cause people to kill off
             | sparrows or was it just bad information and bad/incomplete
             | research on what role sparrows played
             | 
             | We can try this framing in another 100 yr drought scenario
             | and see what gets blamed.
             | 
             | "So the ideas of capitalism is what caused the Dust Bowl or
             | was it just bad information and bad/incomplete research on
             | what role grass/trees played when creating vast plots of
             | dry overplowed land"
        
               | kevviiinn wrote:
               | Sounds to me like it was information
        
             | SonicScrub wrote:
             | The power and control wielded by centrally planned
             | economies allows for wide-scale top-down dictation which
             | vastly exceeds that of the democratic-capitalistic states.
             | Thus enabling destruction on this scale. It's not about
             | specifics of ideology, it's about how much authority is
             | concentrated in the hands of the central planners. If
             | central planning only works in a world where perfect
             | knowledge of the state of the economy is possible, then
             | central planning can never work.
             | 
             | Fun side note: I really love The Culture sci-fi series by
             | Iain M. Banks, for it's depiction of a truely utopian,
             | classless, centrally planned Galactic Empire. As it turns
             | out, this is the ideal form of human social organization
             | provided that the central planning is done almost
             | exclusively by post-singularity benevolent AI ( who are
             | essentially gods). This is about the only scenario where
             | central planning seems viable.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | Also, authoritarian communist states in practice have a
               | very hard time course correcting from courses their
               | leaders decided on.
        
               | SonicScrub wrote:
               | Just want to expand on this comment, because it can be
               | easily handwaved away with a "our version will be
               | democratic". The level of power afforded to central
               | planners is a stabilizing force away from distributed
               | power, and towards tyrannical governments. Every
               | government's primary objective is to retain power for
               | themselves, else how would they achieve their goals?
               | Every other objective must be subservient to this,
               | because no other objective can be achieved without it.
               | This is true be it a state is democratic, monarchic,
               | communist, or whatever. Give a governing power 100%
               | control of a national economy, and they will use it to
               | entrench their own power. If they fail to do so, they
               | will lose power to those who will. Benevolence cannot be
               | relied upon as a long term stabilizing force.
        
               | zabzonk wrote:
               | culture minds are not always so benevolent (though they
               | may tend to be towards culture human citizens) - this is
               | one of the major threads of the series
        
             | zabzonk wrote:
             | one nitwit in a town somewhere decides to kill sparrows -
             | stupid, but not too bad
             | 
             | one nitwit, megalomaniac communist dictator decides to kill
             | them all off across a vast country he rules by terror -
             | stupid, and a disaster
        
             | at_a_remove wrote:
             | The ideas of communism are that of the command economy,
             | total centralization. Someone at the TOP decides all of
             | this stuff. This means that if someone at the top (who is
             | not to be questioned, see Mao's other wacky hijinx) makes
             | any kind of error, well, you don't hear about it until it
             | is unavoidably terrible. No early feedback, everyone is
             | afraid to give it to you.
             | 
             | In a more decentralized setup, it is bottom-up, and
             | suddenly "hey this isn't working" gets propagated. Also, a
             | peer is more willing to call you on your bullshit, but if
             | you're a dictator, you just get yes-men.
             | 
             | Essentially, the setup was such that anyone less than a
             | perfectly informed leader who never made mistakes would
             | wreak havoc.
        
             | revelio wrote:
             | Killing off sparrows is only one example of
             | crazy/random/destructive policies that are a regular
             | occurrence under communism. Some others (not in any order):
             | 
             | - The USSR sometimes overproduced cigarettes, so ran ad
             | campaigns to convince people to start smoking.
             | 
             | - The Holomodor, in which Ukraine was starved by exporting
             | (stealing) all its grain, including the grain needed to
             | plant next season's harvest, and when starving peasants
             | tried to flee they were then banned from leaving.
             | 
             | - In modern China, ghost cities full of buildings nobody is
             | living in.
             | 
             | - Stalin's mass execution of basically everyone who
             | mattered in Soviet society, including virtually all of his
             | military and intelligence leaders, which put the USSR into
             | such a weakened state that Hitler is on record as saying
             | now is the time to strike because the Soviets will never be
             | so weak again.
             | 
             | - The single-minded obsession with steel production.
             | 
             | - In NK the government maintains a list of approved hair
             | cuts. There are 28 approved styles and anyone with a
             | haircut that's not on the list will be punished.
             | Additionally, punishment for crimes are often levelled
             | against the families of the criminals.
             | 
             | It's inevitable that these sorts of things happen because
             | the goals of communism are deeply unnatural (e.g. banning
             | markets, central planning) and can therefore only be
             | implemented through totalitarian power, which lacks
             | sufficient bandwidth and flexibility to incorporate
             | feedback loops. So everything goes off the rails because
             | the people making decisions are blinded to the outcomes.
        
             | throwawaymaths wrote:
             | It's communism (or more specifically, Marxism). This sort
             | of outcome was predicted by Benjamin Tucker as an
             | inevitable consequence of Marxist socialism in 1888, essay:
             | "state socialism and anarchism", long before any
             | implementation of Marxism came to being
        
       | bluSCALE4 wrote:
       | This is why I was concerned when I heard Google, of all
       | companies, released lab grown mosquitos to wipe them out. I'm
       | curious what happened with this effort. It's not exactly a vote
       | of confidence when the other guy trying to do this is Bill Gates.
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | The Gates' have a pretty spectacular track record, what do you
         | mean?
        
           | bluSCALE4 wrote:
           | Like buying up farmland an using GMOs.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | I was more referring to their work with malaria. I suppose
             | it's up for debate how much good they have done, but the
             | scales weigh petty clearly from where I sit.
        
         | zabzonk wrote:
         | > It's not exactly a vote of confidence when the other guy
         | trying to do this is Bill Gates
         | 
         | yeah, a super-villain trying to wipe out malaria - what is his
         | cunning plan?
        
         | ransom1538 wrote:
         | "released lab grown mosquitos to wipe them out"
         | 
         | Spoiler alert. We lose fish. All fresh water fish. Not as bad
         | as fucking with bees. But a close second.
        
         | goda90 wrote:
         | Generally those efforts are targeted at disease carrying
         | mosquitoes. There are other species of mosquitoes in the same
         | regions and there aren't any animals that only eat one kind of
         | mosquito.
        
           | Brybry wrote:
           | To add to this, the disease carrying mosquito species like
           | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are invasive species in
           | the Americas.
           | 
           | These mosquitoes do some pollination but given that they're
           | invasive it probably wouldn't be a big deal to wipe them out.
           | 
           | Also, invasiveness is true of a lot of pests in North
           | America: the American cockroach isn't American, it's from
           | Africa. Brown rats, red/fire ants, and wild pigs are also
           | imported/invasive.
        
             | hidroto wrote:
             | a complication to eradicating a invasive species is when
             | that species has replaced a native species ecological
             | niche. getting rid of it at that point may cause more
             | problems then it solves.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | Luckily or unluckily depending on your perspective, there
               | is no lack of other species of mosquitoes.
        
               | jabits wrote:
               | Not when you're talking about wild pigs...
        
         | pvaldes wrote:
         | History runs in circles. Everybody wants to be an hero, so they
         | will refuse to see the danger or to understand that ecosystems
         | don't grant a second try if you change something and regret it
         | later.
         | 
         | Mao died in 1976. Sparrows still remain extinct in most of
         | China.
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | I wonder if any sparrow species unique to China went extinct ?
       | 
       | I did a search but no real info, the searches I found only talked
       | about native vs imported. Not species that only exist in China.
        
       | bryanlarsen wrote:
       | I didn't realize sparrows ate insects too. The rule of thumb on
       | the farm was "swallows good, sparrows bad". Swallows ate insects
       | and sparrows ate grain. Maybe China could have replaced sparrows
       | with swallows but that would probably have led to a different
       | kind of disaster since importing species has a horrible track
       | record.
        
         | yareally wrote:
         | Swallows will only eat flying insects and catch them in the
         | air. The common house sparrow typically forges on the ground.
         | The intersection of the insects both species eat is probably
         | close to zero
        
       | PicassoCTs wrote:
       | This article has the causality inverted.
       | 
       | The sparrows were just a sideshow to distract from the famines
       | cause.
       | 
       | Most famines were caused by the culture of face and the nature of
       | the party. The party dictated a plan, and as failing the plan and
       | making the great leader loose face, ment the local governments
       | loosing face would get them Maos wrath, all the members of the
       | party reported success when it came to harvests.
       | 
       | So Mao collected the surplus and sold it to the soviet union, who
       | he with his inferiority complex wanted to impress. After that,
       | starvation raged, and he knew. They all know, but feign to not
       | know, to keep face. Instead, superficial measures are taken.
       | 
       | Like hunting scapegoats, spreading crude conspiracy theories
       | inside the country, or hunting harmless sparrows. Busy work to
       | detract from the actual cause. And nothing was learned from this,
       | cultural change was avoided and now its time to go full circle.
        
       | abudabi123 wrote:
       | How does the targetting of the sparrow species for annihilation
       | in China compare to the post-Columbus ongoing deforestation in
       | the Americas's? Xi does have the ecological health of the
       | environment on his policy priority list which is a change from
       | previous leadership driven by slavery to economic devop. There
       | are documentaries on little birds by the sea. They have their
       | place.
        
         | throwawaymaths wrote:
         | > Xi does have the ecological health of the environment on his
         | policy priority list
         | 
         | And as a consequence of this policy, how many new coal power
         | plants has china opened?
         | 
         | https://energyandcleanair.org/publication/china-permits-
         | two-....
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | I think that's the wrong question.
           | 
           | How many fewer coal plants were opened than would have been
           | opened without that policy?
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | Practically no other event in human history comes close to the
         | ecological and cultural destructive impact of the early
         | colonial period in the Americas. But because of that, it should
         | not be used as a yardstick for anything else. "It's not the
         | worst thing ever" is a poor defense of anything.
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | > Practically no other event in human history comes close to
           | the ecological and cultural destructive impact of the early
           | colonial period in the Americas.
           | 
           | This is a really optimistic point of view
        
           | andrewflnr wrote:
           | On a similar note, there's a danger of comparing "the early
           | colonial period in the Americas", a 300-400 year period
           | containing many distinguishable catastrophes, to anything not
           | of equal scale. It's kind of like comparing an apple and a
           | whole apple tree.
        
             | scythe wrote:
             | A fair complaint, but I didn't put the comparison; the
             | poster I responded to did.
        
         | justrealist wrote:
         | > post-Columbus ongoing deforestation in the Americas's
         | 
         | It's an open question how much of the Americas were actually
         | heavily forested before western disease killed 95% of the
         | population.
         | 
         | A lot of what Europeans saw when they explored was basically
         | post-apocalyptic wilderness which had sprung up in the 100-200
         | years since the vast majority of the population was killed.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-04-12 23:02 UTC)