[HN Gopher] FBI is warning people against using public phone-cha...
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       FBI is warning people against using public phone-charging stations
        
       Author : mikece
       Score  : 231 points
       Date   : 2023-04-12 12:22 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.schneier.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.schneier.com)
        
       | bkeating wrote:
       | Go, Mike!
        
       | pluralistic wrote:
       | how much data can be transfered using usb cable?
       | 
       | real usage per second, per minute, not theoretical
       | 
       | can the charging stations resume data transfer if i unplug and
       | replug at random times ?
       | 
       | i dunno, when i want to dump gb of data from my phone, it takes
       | hours ... so yeah maybe i should stay at a random charging
       | station for hours to ensure all data transfered :D
        
         | nso wrote:
         | Maybe you would stay connected that lone at say, a business
         | lounge waiting for a plane.
        
       | trinsic2 wrote:
       | To block usb power connectors from owning your phone: Databloc
       | USB Data Blocker Adapter
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Databloc-Charge-Only-Adapter-syncing-...
        
         | djmips wrote:
         | Do you trust that the one coming in the mail isn't going to
         | hack your phone! haha.
        
         | Sander_Marechal wrote:
         | Ah yes, we call this a USB condom
        
         | shlant wrote:
         | could you just tape over the middle 2 connectors on a regular
         | USB connector?
        
         | tastyfreeze wrote:
         | A USB cable without data lines works too.
        
           | yellow_postit wrote:
           | Except you are stuck with slower charging speeds. Usually in
           | the places you most want fast charging but have the least
           | trust (random public charging spots)
           | 
           | Most users, most of the time, will trade speed for security.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Nice. Alas, that will probably also block fast charging on
         | iPhone 15+: https://9to5mac.com/2023/03/20/usb-c-faster-
         | charging-iphone-...
        
           | jsheard wrote:
           | Same with Android, the various fast charging protocols use
           | the data pins to negotiate the voltage setting and how much
           | current the phone is allowed to draw. I suppose in theory you
           | could make an active dongle which MITMs the data pins and
           | strips anything it doesn't recognise as a valid fast charging
           | command, but I don't know if such a product exists.
        
           | jcl wrote:
           | I suspect that someone using a public usb-a charging port
           | isn't expecting fast charging, but rather counting themselves
           | lucky that it works at all.
        
           | HeavyFeather wrote:
           | Idea: use a power bank that allows in/out at the same time.
           | It should charge both at high speed while also acting as a
           | firewall.
           | 
           | This is also assuming that your powerbank can't be hacked. In
           | which case, god save us all.
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | It does add a slight extra layer in that they have to both
             | have a compromise for whatever chip is controlling your
             | bank and a compromise for whatever phone is attached which
             | is more difficult to pack into a small controller chip.
             | Although I'm willing to be a lot of power bank controllers
             | are similar across the market which narrows that
             | difficulty.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | If your power bank is qi (MagSafe) to your phone, it will
               | probably be fine given the lack of a wired connection.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | I'm surprised Schneier says "I am unconvinced".
       | 
       | We know (I think?) attackers can apparently easily introduce MitM
       | skimmers to credit card swipers (I _think_ that's how my CC
       | number keeps getting stolen?), possibly even without cooperation
       | of the proprietor? Why not a little invisible injector on a
       | charging port, that seems if anything easier.
       | 
       | Or is the skepticism around something else, I guess? Motivation?
       | Lack of consistency over time of attack vectors around software
       | injection via USB making it hard to commodify the attack? Like,
       | there are only temporary zero days now and then which get
       | patched, so this isn't a "cheap" thing to deploy on a wide scale?
       | 
       | [ _edit_ no idea why i 'm getting downvoted on this, perhaps I
       | didn't write it right but I'm legit just curious to hear people's
       | takes on this, what reasons he might have been thinking of to
       | _not_ worry about this...]
        
         | jjulius wrote:
         | >I'm surprised Schneier says "I am unconvinced".
         | 
         | And immediately after he says he's unconvinced this is a
         | concern, he states that he does, in fact, carry a tool with him
         | that would protect him in these circumstances.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | In general, you can be unconvinced that various things are
           | actually a meaningful real-world danger, but you choose to
           | mitigate against them anyway if you can do so easily.
        
           | krisoft wrote:
           | He also mentions that he only uses said tool with "charging
           | stations I find suspicious". Which is very curious, because I
           | would assume an attacker who is willing to risk burning such
           | an attack would make sure their charging station is looking
           | the least suspicious and most ordinary.
           | 
           | I'm not sure if "find suspicious" is a good heuristic here.
           | Although of course we don't know what he bases his suspicion
           | on.
        
       | rednerrus wrote:
       | I carry a tiny USB battery that I can plug into these public
       | phone charging stations.
        
       | api wrote:
       | I've heard the somewhat-NSFW term "USB glory hole" for these.
        
       | jve wrote:
       | I'v been wondering about the implications of free wifis within
       | airports or such - how much that would be of a worry given you
       | connect only to TLS secured services (and hopefully the phone
       | does it too for every service it connects to in background)
        
         | computerfriend wrote:
         | The analogous attack would be, exploiting a bug in the network
         | card or wpa_supplicant. The latter has happened in an airport
         | before.
        
         | croutonwagon wrote:
         | Personally...I run a Linode VPN with openvpn on it listening on
         | port 443.
         | 
         | Anytime I am on an public wifi or untrusted network (including
         | the occaisonal time at my job with a personal device), i
         | connect to that. Since its 443, its generally not blocked, even
         | through the TLS connection is not "standard" because it uses a
         | 2048 bit PSK to as a pre-cursor to start a connection, then a
         | certificate based auth to establish the tunnel.
         | 
         | Its a full tunnel as well so all traffic runs through it.
         | Google/Youtube will sometimes pitch fits and make me do
         | captchas but otherwise its an easier way to shield from stuff
         | like that.
         | 
         | All the wifi provider sees in that case is a single connection
         | to my linode.
         | 
         | Admittedly this is a pretty technical solution though and
         | requires some configuring. Mullvad would probably be an easier
         | option with plenty of endpoints to jump through. Or you can run
         | Tailscale and use SSH/socks proxies, though things like DNS
         | leakage can still occur there.
         | 
         | I will use SSH tunnels and socks proxies for certain browsers
         | that are configured to not store any data locally as well (ie:
         | Firefox). I justify it easily in that I am constantly testing
         | services and sometimes its best to rule out routing, BGP or
         | other low level network issues and using ssh -D 12345
         | somethign@someplace allows me to do just that in isolated
         | circumstances.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | OpenVPN is a noisy protocol. Every network operator knows
           | you're on a VPN.
           | 
           | Point is, port 443 isn't really the best way if you dont want
           | to be blocked.
           | 
           | You may want to consider stunnel if this ever becomes a
           | problem for you.
        
             | croutonwagon wrote:
             | The thing is though, im not trying to hide the fact I am on
             | OpenVPN. Simple inspection of the handshake tells you
             | EXACTLY what it is. But thats generally not the issue.
             | 
             | The issue is many will simply block UDP or the default port
             | 1194 or basically anything other than a handful of outbound
             | ports, of which 443 outbound is almost never actually
             | blocked for obvious reasons. In fact I cant think of a
             | single time I havent been able to use that VPN, even when
             | my normal road-warrior profile to my house IS blocked.
             | 
             | Either way there are ways are ways to mask the fact that
             | its clearly OpenVPN that if your issue is nation-states or
             | things like the Great Firewall like Obfsproxy, but even
             | then, something like Mullvad would be called for since you
             | are likely going to need an array of endpoints.
             | 
             | Im just trying to ensure my traffic is running through a
             | trusted source until the point that its supposed to him the
             | open internet. Things like DNS filtering are getting more
             | pervasive. For me that means I want to know the endpoint
             | until I am ready for it to egress.
             | 
             | I have also had this setup for years at this point. Before
             | tailscale or even hearing of things like mullvad. But I
             | work in IT, so its one of those things that makes others
             | that dont work in tech look at me funny if they see it.
        
         | hinata08 wrote:
         | in 2023 : none
         | 
         | sites are protected not only wity TLS but also HSTS and the
         | list goes on.
         | 
         | Wi-Fi doesn't include sturdy security mecanisms anyway, so wifi
         | is never safe.
         | 
         | Companies that are serious about network security are
         | recommended to use a second factor, like a VPN, especially on
         | their company network (because they always have ressources that
         | lack protection)
         | 
         | For customers and individuals like us, sites are safe enough
         | not to do that (unless you host your own services)
         | 
         | So the only thing PPL can do on public networks is maybe
         | fingerprinting, and tracking the whereabouts of your devices
         | accross the place (Especially in airports like Istanbul where
         | you need to swipe your passport in a machine to get a wifi
         | code)
         | 
         | But that doesn't prevent me from going to Discord and HN and do
         | banking over public networks.
        
           | jve wrote:
           | > sites are protected not only wity TLS but also HSTS and the
           | list goes on.
           | 
           | HSTS is just what says for the browser not even try HTTP
           | connection, but directly HTTPS.
        
             | maerF0x0 wrote:
             | and also to report an error if there's a redirect back to
             | HTTP, right?
             | 
             | ie when a MITM is attempting to drop you back to insecure.
        
               | hinata08 wrote:
               | yes.
               | 
               | if HSTS is implemented properly, it won't just report an
               | error, but it will also forbid any connection.
               | 
               | For example, on Firefox, you can't bypass an HSTS error.
               | The browser won't let you add an exception to connect to
               | the site. (you have to purge your data to connect again
               | 'for the first time' on the site)
        
       | chaorace wrote:
       | Just FYI: this is referring to USB charging stations, not EV
       | stations.
       | 
       | This advice has been standard in cybersecurity training for a
       | long time now and frankly I'm surprised that this is the first
       | time the FBI has felt the need to issue an advisory on the
       | subject.
        
         | mcculley wrote:
         | It is not the first time the FBI has warned about this (see [0]
         | for example, or do a Google search with date filters).
         | 
         | This is the Denver field office maximizing Twitter engagement
         | by repeating themselves. (Maybe that is not a fair way to view
         | it, maybe the FBI should repeat advisories often.)
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-
         | offices/portland/news/p...
        
         | LinuxBender wrote:
         | I have been somewhat curious if/when this will occur with EV
         | stations as well. What controls might one gain over a car from
         | the charging port on the assorted makes/models? Even hacking
         | aside I am curious what PII, telemetry and tracking data could
         | be pulled from the charge port.
        
           | Forbo wrote:
           | Even if it's not available via the charger they'll just do
           | this with ALPR or their proprietary apps. Gotta love
           | surveillance capitalism.
        
           | i-am-gizm0 wrote:
           | At least on AC Level 1/2 charging (using just a J1772 port)
           | the signalling is pretty rudimentary if I remember correctly.
           | Something along the lines of the car puts out a square wave
           | on one of the signalling pins and based on the resistance it
           | sees it knows whether it's plugged in and how much power it
           | can charge, so there isn't much room (dare I say any) way to
           | interact much with the car through that port. I don't know
           | how DC charging works but I assume there's a little bit more
           | smarts to it. Tesla on the other hand is a completely
           | different story.
        
             | rlpb wrote:
             | When I've done DC rapid charging on my Leaf, I noticed that
             | the charger knew the battery percentage reported by the
             | car. That seems likely to be digital signalling to me, so
             | suddenly there's the risk of buffer overflows and suchlike.
             | 
             | I've not seen this on AC, but when I looked into this
             | previously I got the impression that there exists a digital
             | signalling protocol established by modulating something
             | ignored by older cars and chargers that can be optionally
             | supported. If that's the case then there's potentially
             | attack surface there, too.
        
               | fnordpiglet wrote:
               | That's why I only buy cars written in rust.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | brings new meaning to the term "rust bucket"
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | you must be a fan of oldtimers then. since most new cars
               | are made with stainless steel, aluminum, carbon fiber or
               | and other materials.
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | The really high voltage fast chargers as far as I
             | understand them connect directly to the battery bypassing
             | the cars battery charger to directly charge the battery not
             | sure how much communication there is on those channels
             | though.
        
               | vegardx wrote:
               | You're probably thinking about the on-board inverter,
               | it's often referred to as a battery charger. The battery
               | management system is entirely within the car, and the car
               | will tell what voltage and amperage to deliver to it.
               | 
               | The design of CCS2 is actually quite nice. There are pins
               | for singalling that, if broken, will immediately shut
               | down power delivery. This means that you can just pull
               | the cable out safely, without risking arcing or
               | electrocuting yourself.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | My understanding was it also bypassed the BMS but I may
               | have confused what they were saying it's been a minute.
        
           | 13of40 wrote:
           | I wonder if dealerships and other auto shops behave like
           | every other company today, and when they plug into your OBD2
           | port they just hoover up as much data as they can and sell it
           | off.
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | The CCS standard has "HLC - High Level Communication", which
           | is available for both AC and DC charging. While i'm not
           | interested in paying $700 for ISO 15118, I imagine clients
           | [cars] are set up to break the current flow if anything out
           | of the ordinary happens or if the input power doesn't match
           | what the station is saying it's sending in an instant.
        
         | causi wrote:
         | Seriously need an edited title then. Original title is _wildly_
         | misleading.
        
           | dwringer wrote:
           | I agree - the _only_ "public charging stations" I see on any
           | kind of regular basis are EV charging stations. It's been a
           | couple of decades since I remember seeing a USB one, not that
           | I doubt their existence.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | They're ubiquitous at conferences and in many trains,
             | planes, airports, hotels, etc. Maybe you mean something
             | different by public but USB charging stations that you
             | don't control are very common especially in the context of
             | places travelers are in. They're probably pretty common in
             | schools, libraries, conference rooms, etc. as well.
        
             | TillE wrote:
             | They're in basically every major airport, as well as most
             | modern airplanes.
        
           | hinata08 wrote:
           | I thought it was a wild clickbait and didn't even go to read
           | the article. I read it as "EVs are dangerous according to the
           | FBI, use V12 engines to avoid hackers"
           | 
           | but yeah, public charging stations *for phones* are terrible.
           | 
           | I used one of them once at a conference, with ADB enabled on
           | my phone. I thought it would just feed me power, as not data
           | collection was specified on the station.
           | 
           | but it enabled a data connection.
           | 
           | So I used a public station once, and I'll never do it again.
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | The moment I first saw one I knew something was wrong.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | This might be a big advantage for wireless charging. Although it
       | can be slower than a USB charger, there is no risk that it will
       | be doing something other than charging.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | As most phones now have NFC, this would be more of a new vector
         | than a safer procedure IMO.
         | 
         | I am not sure how many places properly accept non authentified
         | (no phone unlock nor biometrics) contactless transaction in the
         | US, but it's a thing at least in Japan.
         | 
         | I'd also assume the non secure area is readable without any
         | unlock either way, but might be wrong.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | You can do unauthenticated with your watch assuming you've
           | authenticated it at least once and haven't removed your watch
           | from your wrist since. Also, you can unlock your car with
           | with your phone unauthenticated, or even if the battery is
           | out.
        
         | imp0cat wrote:
         | Couldn't you just plug the wireless charger to the public
         | charging port and then charge your phone wirelessly off of
         | that? An airgapped solution. :)
        
         | JustSomeNobody wrote:
         | Only need a 6 hour layover to take full advantage.
        
         | moritonal wrote:
         | Firstly, I believe the QI scheme includes a process for
         | communication, mostly restricted to "how much power should I
         | send" for now, but it's obvious this will be expanded to more
         | functionality as people basically replicate NFC over it.
         | 
         | Second, I'm still waiting to see a QI charger than just pumps
         | 100W of power straight through any piece of metal above it.
         | Don't know what would happen, but I naively imagine forced
         | induction would brick most devices.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | As I understand it, Qi has a digital communication channel
           | from the phone to the charger but no digital communication
           | from charger to phone. So any exploit over Qi would have to
           | somehow compromise the phone's charging system with just
           | analog field variations (frequency, field strength, or
           | whatever else the phone measures).
        
           | spacetime_cmplx wrote:
           | >I'm still waiting to see a QI charger than just pumps 100W
           | of power straight through any piece of metal above it
           | 
           | A charger so good it's the last time you'll need to charge
        
           | im3w1l wrote:
           | Hard disagree. If physical proximity was all it took to
           | compromise a phone everyone would immediately protest.
           | 
           | USB requires an active action. Blaming the user is still
           | wrong, it really _should_ be safe to charge in a mall or get
           | a file from your friends usb stick. But it 's less obvious so
           | here we are.
        
         | rtsil wrote:
         | Or just replace them with electrical outlets. Why we are using
         | high-risk systems in public infrastructures when low-tech, low-
         | risk systems exist is beyond me.
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | You can provide a lot more USB outlets than it's feasible to
           | provide regular AC outlets. If they're USB A outlets you know
           | they're only ever going to draw 7.5W give or take max so you
           | can slap many more of them on a single circuit than you can
           | AC outlets where people could plug in a bunch of 60+W laptops
           | or USB-C PD chargers.
        
         | expertentipp wrote:
         | Additional advantage is you can warm your coffee by putting the
         | cup on the phone, for all the hours it will take.
        
       | fouc wrote:
       | I guess we should also avoid plugging our phone into the USB
       | ports on airplane seats?
        
         | expertentipp wrote:
         | The race of media, ad, and other companies for one's attention
         | and data is brutal. Especially when one is stuck in a seat for
         | hours and only has a back of another seat in front of their
         | face.
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | I've often wondered about this. Is $AIRLINE selling the
           | traffic data? I wonder how much $NSFW is being consumed on
           | planes?
        
         | hprotagonist wrote:
         | that should go without saying: yes, you should avoid doing
         | that.
        
         | kfajdsl wrote:
         | You can use a power only cable.
        
           | andrei_says_ wrote:
           | Where can I get one and how can I verify it is what it says?
        
             | computerfriend wrote:
             | For USB-A, the pins are physically different.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | > Where can I get one
             | 
             | Yeah, people usually have the opposite problem. You just
             | search for power-only cable.
             | 
             | > how can I verify
             | 
             | Plug it into your phone and your computer. None should see
             | the other, but the phone should charge.
             | 
             | And then tag it, because having all kinds of cables exactly
             | alike is the worst decision the USB designers ever made.
        
         | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
         | plug your own charger into the power outlet
        
       | hprotagonist wrote:
       | badUSB is what, nearly 20 years old now?
       | 
       | i distinctly remember making usb condoms a long time ago, anyway,
       | and have never trusted public usb slots anyway.
        
         | ineedtocall wrote:
         | I had to look that age up. You're right, ~19 years ago[1]
         | badUSB made its debut.
         | 
         | Another fun toy is the USB Gadget Kernel module. I've been
         | running yolo + mouse/keyboard emulation on a raspberry pi to
         | make horrible aim bots.
         | 
         | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BadUSB
        
       | chiefalchemist wrote:
       | Can't the OS have a setting for public charging such that the
       | software can prevent any hardware based shenanigans?
        
         | hellotomyrars wrote:
         | iOS attempts to do this but if we're following the assumption
         | of such an attack it would just be seen as a step in the chain
         | of the attack. I think the likelihood of an attack via this
         | method is incredibly low personally.
         | 
         | Though I always have a power bank on hand, not for security,
         | but for convenience. Much more preferable to the physical
         | limitations of a wall outlet.
        
       | tristor wrote:
       | I don't use public chargers, and I use USB condoms for charging
       | my devices even with chargers I own, because basically all the
       | charging devices are made in untrustable supply chains. I thought
       | this was common knowledge, and basically what everyone is doing.
       | Wireless charging helps a lot with this, and I now prefer
       | wireless charging whenever possible. The only devices I connect
       | my devices to using USB are computers I control, I don't cross-
       | contaminate between computers (e.g. anything plugged into my work
       | laptop will never be plugged into a personal system, and vice
       | versa). This is just basic hardware op-sec with USB.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > USB condoms
         | 
         | I have one of these. I like that I can look in it and _see_
         | that it has no data pins
         | 
         | > Wireless
         | 
         | I know you meant charging, but for data, with some of the spy
         | cables out there with embedded chips and wireless access, it's
         | ironic that wireless is in some ways _more_ secure.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | The wireless charging port is an specialized one. That's why
           | it's more secure. The wireless data transfer options vary
           | from "it's broken, forget about it" to actually quite secure,
           | but the charging isn't done through them.
           | 
           | When people decided to use USB for _everything_ , well, they
           | had to make USB support every use case.
        
           | meling wrote:
           | Not all usb condoms show the connections. I got one from a
           | well-known vendor at a conference. Seems like an easier
           | attack vector to create and sell malware infested usb
           | condoms...
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | > I thought this was common knowledge, and basically what
         | everyone is doing.
         | 
         | No. Not even close.
        
       | shiftpgdn wrote:
       | If you have a zero day takeover via usb/lightning why would you
       | waste it on public charging infrastructure? That seems
       | ridiculous.
        
         | xeromal wrote:
         | It's not really. Supposed a nefarious group wants to get ahold
         | of an executives phone who always flies out of LAX or goes to a
         | certain mall and uses a public charger. It would be smart to
         | zero day one of those and if a few extra people are exploited,
         | maybe some bonus bank info.
        
           | bbarn wrote:
           | This is typical hacker movie nonsense. In real life, if they
           | want something from said executive they just kidnap him,
           | threaten violence, and he gives them what they want
           | instantly. Or just knock him out cold from behind, take his
           | shit, and crack into it themselves.
        
             | comte7092 wrote:
             | There is way more risk involved in kidnapping someone, not
             | to mention the fact that you've just given away the fact
             | that you're surveilling them.
        
             | johncessna wrote:
             | I think it depends on what your goals are. If you want
             | something that executive has and want to deal with the
             | messiness of multiple other crimes, then sure, that'll
             | work.
             | 
             | If you're just passively collecting data and hoping to land
             | 'a' executive or someone else in business with access to
             | power and/or money, or can be used to pivot to someone
             | else, I think it'd be an effective tool.
        
             | computerfriend wrote:
             | There are pros and cons to both approaches.
        
             | slig wrote:
             | After Stuxnet, I wouldn't discard that possibility.
        
               | xeromal wrote:
               | Exactly what I was thinking of when I wrote this. They
               | left USBs on the ground hoping the right person would
               | pick it up.
        
         | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
         | What other attack vector would you choose?
        
           | rch wrote:
           | USB charging ports on aircraft.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | You could ship the victim malicious USB cables in the mail
           | with amazon branding on the box.
           | 
           | Many people would use them, assuming they were just mis-
           | shipped or ordered by their spouse.
        
             | opwieurposiu wrote:
             | This would totally work on me. My wife is always buying USB
             | cables from amazon, IDK what we do with them all.
        
               | Xylakant wrote:
               | Hard learned fact: USB cables are consumables, just like
               | ink or toner for your printer. They need to be refilled
               | every so often.
        
               | lfowles wrote:
               | Or is she....
        
             | thomastjeffery wrote:
             | ...leaving a literal paper trail of package location
             | tracking? Mail fraud is considered serious. Why commit an
             | extra crime?
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | You can put a padded envelope into a public mailbox.
        
               | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
               | Less serious than tampering with fixtures in a secure
               | area at an American international airport?
        
               | thomastjeffery wrote:
               | I would imagine that leaving a charger plugged in to a
               | public outlet is not as interesting as you have presented
               | it to be.
               | 
               | Sure, you would be leaving evidence, but if your plan
               | works, that evidence won't be sought out anyway.
               | 
               | If you sent a mysterious package, it wouldn't be strange
               | or out-of-character for someone to investigate that
               | package intentionally: which presents a significant
               | attack surface for the discovery of your ruse.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Exactly, and you'll be on video.
               | 
               | You can buy stamps from a vending machine with cash.
        
               | pnpnp wrote:
               | If, and that's a big if, the victim was able to trace the
               | infection back to a charging port, then have the time,
               | resources, and capability to debug the chips.
               | 
               | That's all assuming the bad port wouldn't have been
               | removed, and video might just show regular "maintenance."
               | 
               | Yeah, it's all above and beyond, but I think it's in the
               | realm of possibility for a high level target (see:
               | stuxnet et al)
        
               | dpc050505 wrote:
               | It's extremely easy to use cash to pay for postage. Slap
               | fake sender information on the package and you'll be very
               | difficult to find.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | You'd use it to attack the targets you care about rather than
           | just the general public.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | The way you attack a specific target without alerting them
             | (or at least making them suspicious) is to attack them
             | indirectly.
             | 
             | The sibling comment above is an excellent example of why
             | you might specifically target public infrastructure if you
             | only really care about one person.
        
         | aaron695 wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | bakugo wrote:
         | I'm inclined to agree, an exploit this powerful would almost
         | definitely be used for targeted attacks only.
        
           | ghostpepper wrote:
           | This was the prevailing wisdom for many years but the recent
           | watering-hole attack by China has made me reconsider this
           | position.
           | 
           | https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2019/09/watering-holes-and-
           | mil...
        
       | qwertox wrote:
       | There are small adapters which disconnect the data lines. I use
       | one of those to connect my phone to my car so that it only
       | charges but avoids my car to want to add it as an external
       | storage for the entertainment system.
        
         | jameswryan wrote:
         | That isn't sufficient to protect you on a charger you don't
         | control:
         | https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity21/presentat...
        
       | mancerayder wrote:
       | Anker batteries come in a zillion sizes, are cheap and are safe
       | to plug into public chargers. With how hungry phones are these
       | days, I don't know how people live without portable batteries.
        
         | stametseater wrote:
         | I usually go a week between charging. But then again I use my
         | phone for checking and sending messages, not for gaming or
         | browsing the net or anything like that.
        
         | kitsunesoba wrote:
         | For my own needs, carrying a compact foldable GaN power brick
         | like the Anker 511 (or 747, if carrying my laptop) has been
         | sufficient. Sleeping MacBooks also work as extremely fancy
         | extremely high capacity power banks if the need arises, which
         | in the past has covered the odd case where I'm not near an AC
         | outlet.
        
           | TheNewsIsHere wrote:
           | I also travel with a compact Anker GaN charger and I _love_
           | that thing.
        
         | brianwawok wrote:
         | It is almost impossible to drain my iPhone to 0 unless I am
         | doing something really unhealthy, like staring at it for 10
         | hours. I take a charger with me on trips so I can charge over
         | night, but otherwise.. it's literally not possible in my
         | reasonable life to run my phone out of juice.
         | 
         | Back when I used android, it was much more common that runaway
         | apps would drain my phone in 2 hours. But now? Doing a anker
         | battery would be lugging around a bunch of dead weight.
        
           | iLoveOncall wrote:
           | Just go on a trip where you use your GPS a lot and take
           | pictures with your phone and it will last half a day at best.
        
             | Accacin wrote:
             | If my phone is at risk of running out, I just take my wall
             | charger, find a nice cafe to sit down in and plug in my
             | charger whilst having some lunch. I've never had anyone
             | complain at me about it, although I'm normally buying food
             | and drinks so I'm not just leaching electricity.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Especially if your phone isn't new and doesn't hold quite
             | as much charge any longer. I've definitely ended up
             | plugging my phone into a portable battery when traveling.
             | But usually if I'm out and about and using GPS and camera a
             | lot, I'll have some sort of small bag with me for water,
             | snack, additional clothing, etc. anyway so easy to throw a
             | battery and cable in.
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | Some of them are solar-equipped or have hand-cranks for
               | emergency charging. Usually a built-in flashlight too.
        
             | jahewson wrote:
             | Why would GPS use more power? It's only receiving.
        
               | 1123581321 wrote:
               | The phone's not always using true GPS (reading
               | satellites.) When it does, it uses more energy. In a
               | difficult environment it scans for more satellites than
               | usual, which uses even more energy.
               | 
               | Basically, the phone's battery life depends on disabling
               | hardware components, or running them in a low power mode,
               | as much as possible.
        
               | pja wrote:
               | There's a fair amount of signal processing going on
               | inside a GPS device.
               | 
               | Modern GPS chips only need around 25mW apparently - older
               | chips can pull 100mW though. Scanning needs a bit more
               | power than tracking.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | Is it the same on sport watches? They seem to easily do
               | 24h when doing GPS tracking. That is the popular models
               | there are watches that can track more than 100h (but they
               | always have bigger batteries). This is impressive for me
               | since I remember doing tracking back in 2005 and that
               | meant using lots of batteries.
               | 
               | On phones I think the problem mainly is that the GPS
               | needs to wake up an app that need to handle the GPS data
               | and then do some calculations. You can easily get data
               | ten times a second that is alot of wake up from sleep,
               | and probably draws lots of CPU.
        
               | joncrocks wrote:
               | When people are using their phone's GPS they typically
               | have the screen on (using maps/navigating etc.) more than
               | usual.
               | 
               | I think most of the drain comes from that rather than the
               | GPS unit itself. But people might say "using my phone's
               | GPS uses a lot of battery."
        
       | jFriedensreich wrote:
       | pro tip: if absolutely necessary at least only charge your power
       | bank on a public charger and then charge the phone on the power
       | bank but not at the same time.
        
         | pageandrew wrote:
         | Is it even theoretically possible to have data passthrough a
         | power bank?
         | 
         | I don't know much about USB, but I'd imagine that only the
         | power delivery pins are connected to anything, right?
        
       | naattee wrote:
       | I was always suspect of those public charging things, especially
       | the ones that you leave you phone unattended or "locked" in a
       | box.
        
       | tedunangst wrote:
       | Also remember to check your Halloween candy for razor blades.
        
       | toxicpants wrote:
       | PortaPow[1] makes a great adapter that will only connect the
       | power pins in the USB connection.
       | 
       | [1] http://portablepowersupplies.co.uk/
        
       | mtillman wrote:
       | It really surprised me when this article blew up on Twitter as I
       | thought it was common knowledge to never use public chargers and
       | avoid untrusted usb anything after "bad usb". It showed me how I
       | live in a tech security bubble-a good reminder.
        
         | tshaddox wrote:
         | I probably would have guessed that _software_ vulnerabilities
         | were rare for just plugging your smartphone into a USB port
         | (without some additional user approval on the device).
         | Obviously a port could probably be easily configured to just
         | fry your jack /device but that's not a big part of my threat
         | model anyway.
        
           | adastra22 wrote:
           | You would have guessed wrong. Most devices, especially multi-
           | vendor android devices, have exploitable subsystems which
           | never touch the UI visible OS layer.
        
         | cuttysnark wrote:
         | > common knowledge to never use public chargers
         | 
         | Perhaps here on HN. Most people will plug their smartphone into
         | any accepting receptacle. trains, airplanes, NYC SmartLink, or
         | ask the bartender if they can plug it in behind the bar.
         | 
         | I still carry a DIY Altoids charger that takes a 9V battery
         | (pulled down to proper volts for iPhone). In a battery
         | emergency, my phone is simply on life support and I don't have
         | to look for outlets that might also include a zero-day.
        
           | TheNewsIsHere wrote:
           | I try to always travel with a "USB data condom". The one I
           | have is called a "PortaPow", and it's red. It was about $10
           | on Amazon and it's a great investment for scenarios where I
           | _reasonably_ trust a power-only USB port not to have been
           | tampered with, like the built in ports on aircraft.
        
             | beefield wrote:
             | I have thought a power bank would be a good enough condom -
             | for my threat vectors, that is.
        
             | cuttysnark wrote:
             | > _reasonably_ trust a power-only USB ... like the built in
             | ports on aircraft.
             | 
             | I'm with you, this might fall under "safe". Then again,
             | from threads posted here and elsewhere, and through
             | personal investigation...the infotainment systems on
             | airplanes are an absolute disaster with regards to security
             | and software design. They're often part of the same system
             | as the provided USB ports. While the risk is small, there's
             | nothing stopping 1 person from running a script that
             | exploits some flaw in the outdated Linux distro the airline
             | is using to manage their in-flight entertainment.
             | 
             | There's also a chance I'm paranoid and spend too much time
             | here, but I'm gonna stick with my Altoids.
        
             | fortuna86 wrote:
             | Can you be reasonably certain they work?
        
               | TheNewsIsHere wrote:
               | The one I have is designed to allow you to visually
               | inspect the connector terminals. So at least regarding my
               | (USB-A) ones, I can confirm only the power lanes exist.
        
             | rsync wrote:
             | I have long used usb condoms - even on my own, trusted
             | ports.
             | 
             | Sometimes I just want to charge my phone from my laptop
             | without triggering all kinds of finder and iTunes and
             | photos interactions.
             | 
             | Same with a car - just power, please.
        
               | detrites wrote:
               | Build condoms into the devices themselves via a next USB
               | spec requiring a hardware switch to choose power-only /
               | power+data and these kind of issues could disappear.
               | Apple might hate it though. Then again, capacitive
               | hardware switches could be ok.
        
         | ok123456 wrote:
         | Getting a phone with a large enough battery (>5000mAh) is good
         | opsec. I have a 10000 mAh battery in my phone, and I only need
         | to charge about twice a week.
        
           | computerfriend wrote:
           | What kind of phone do you have?
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | Everyone wants everyone to be more informed about their subject
         | matter area, but there just isn't enough cognitive load for it
         | all.
         | 
         | I'd like to just rely on my device to protect me by asking if I
         | want to trust the device.
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | To be fair I also didn't know for a long time that HDMI is not
         | a trustworthy port and can be used to spread malware [0]. And
         | I'm usually not thinking about that when plugging my laptop to
         | a projector.
         | 
         | Maybe with USB you could get away by using a cable without data
         | pins, but I'm not sure whether that may influence charging
         | speed given USB-C is pretty flexible.
         | 
         | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31828193
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | USB defaults to 5v if there is no negotiation, and it is said
           | that many devices will draw 1a under these circumstances
           | (even though technically the spec says they should expect
           | less) -- it's the standard low speed charging that you'd get
           | plugging your device into a dollar store charger.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Many people, including many people on this site (and, yes,
         | including myself) wouldn't think twice about plugging into an
         | available port if they need a charge. Maybe I don't plug into
         | an unlabeled port in some random location where it doesn't look
         | like it belongs, but honestly I wouldn't think twice about
         | charging at a designated area at a conference.
         | 
         | (Though, yeah, I'd avoid a lot of "normal" activities if I ever
         | attended BlackHat.)
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | I've had booths on cyber security trade fairs hand out USB
           | flash drives as prizes for spinning a wheel, with no
           | awareness how that might seem odd. I guess people would be
           | reluctant to accept them at BlackHat, but everywhere else
           | people are very trusting towards USB stuff.
        
             | lanstin wrote:
             | I once worked at a place where the security team had a USB
             | stick delivered to all the desktops with some digital
             | brochure about not trusting strangers or some such. Not the
             | cyber security team, but still.
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | [autorun]
               | open=you_didnt_read_the_brochure_right.exe
               | icon=setup.exe,0       label=My install CD
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | We send staged phishing emails internally to see who
               | takes the bait.
               | 
               | Leaving USB sticks lying around with some sort of
               | callback to see who plugs them in is a really clever
               | idea. We could probably catch the serial number range in
               | Defender ATP.
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | > Many people, including many people on this site (and, yes,
           | including myself) wouldn't think twice about plugging into an
           | available port if they need a charge. Maybe I don't plug into
           | an unlabeled port in some random location where it doesn't
           | look like it belongs, but honestly I wouldn't think twice
           | about charging at a designated area at a conference.
           | 
           | This is the solution to that problem:
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.com/PortaPow-3rd-Data-Blocker-
           | Pack/dp/B00...
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.com/PortaPow-NA-USB-C-Data-
           | Blocker/dp/B08...
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.com/PortaPow-Data-Blocker-USB-C-
           | Converter...
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | If you're already committed to carrying Yet Another
             | Accessory, then why not just carry a small portable
             | charging battery. Some models are not much larger than that
             | USB connector, and could charge the phone more than sitting
             | babysitting a charging phone for an hour.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yeah, I normally carry bigger portable batteries but I've
               | got a bunch of small ones that I've typically been given
               | by vendors which are probably good for at least getting a
               | phone off life support.
        
           | permo-w wrote:
           | >(Though, yeah, I'd avoid a lot of "normal" activities if I
           | ever attended BlackHat.)
           | 
           | I wonder whether you'd take similar precautions on a site
           | named Hacker News
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Accessing a known non-sketchy website? No.
        
               | permo-w wrote:
               | hacker news is a link aggregator
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | If you've spent any time on here you know that no one
               | actually clicks the links to read the article. Users need
               | only trust the pages with an orange header.
        
               | permo-w wrote:
               | I know I don't but surely some people do
               | 
               | perhaps hacker news is merely a conversation prompt
               | aggregator
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I mean the upstream comment is basically saying don't
               | trust clicking any links on the Internet--even on a site
               | that presumably weeds out really dodgy stuff quickly.
               | Indeed, not using the Internet is a solid, if rather
               | extreme, security process to follow.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | HN as a separate entity has practically no value, it
               | could just be reddit.com/r/hackernews and it'd be
               | practically the same.
        
               | hammyhavoc wrote:
               | The thing about Reddit is that it has greater
               | "discoverability" through search, profiles and
               | algorithmic "hot" pages, so communities like that
               | inevitably become swamped with low quality posts. There's
               | a few niche subs that just degenerated into posting
               | photos of purchases that arrived in the mail today
               | instead of actually discussing the use of the tools.
        
               | permo-w wrote:
               | reddit doesn't have dang
        
               | chupasaurus wrote:
               | I don't trust orange headers, only blue ones.
        
             | stametseater wrote:
             | A website would be hard pressed to emulate a keyboard
             | plugged into my computer.
        
               | permo-w wrote:
               | very true. nevertheless, I'm curious if you implicitly
               | trust the security of links on HN?
               | 
               | I know I largely do, but perhaps that's unwise,
               | especially given the site's stated target audience
        
               | TillE wrote:
               | Serious browser exploits are _extremely_ rare these days.
               | Like, the worst you get is cryptocurrency mining while
               | you 're on the page.
        
             | Nevermark wrote:
             | So far, web standards don't support online supply of direct
             | (constant) current, alternating (sine wave) current, they
             | can only provide imaginary (square root of stealing your)
             | current.
             | 
             | So you can't trust any site for power.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | Although teleporting power Via quantum entanglement has
             | been demonstrated as possible given a line of
             | communication.
             | 
             | So crazily, "power over data" may happen one day.
             | 
             | Perhaps, we can all look forward to hackers draining our
             | last 1% of battery power as a reward for not using end-to-
             | end power encryption.
        
               | permo-w wrote:
               | then you won't mind if I mine some crypto on your
               | machine?
        
           | EMM_386 wrote:
           | Yes, I was in the hospital waiting room recently and they had
           | a charging station with each type of available cable.
           | 
           | I charged me phone, fully aware of these sorts of issues. I
           | just went with my gut instinct that, in that environment,
           | it's highly unlikely that the cables have been "trojanized".
           | 
           | The FBI can warn about it, but what can you really do? You
           | just have to trust your judgement as to what you feel are
           | safe charging stations, and which may not be.
        
             | codethief wrote:
             | > but what can you really do?
             | 
             | Get a USB condom, for instance, practice safer charging. :)
        
               | neodypsis wrote:
               | This is a joke, but it could actually be a thing. An
               | isolator that you can use to protect your device while
               | using those unknown ports. I would call it an isolator
               | though, or firewall, not what you called it.
        
               | shallichange wrote:
               | Not a joke. The thing exists
        
               | smnrchrds wrote:
               | It's not a joke, it's the (informal) industry term. See
               | this for example:
               | 
               | https://www.zdnet.com/article/protect-your-data-with-a-
               | usb-c...
               | 
               | https://lifehacker.com/use-a-usb-condom-to-protect-your-
               | devi...
        
               | neodypsis wrote:
               | Cool, didn't know they exist.
        
               | Imogragi wrote:
               | They make those. They are called data blocker cables and
               | only have power pins, no data.
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | ...which are really annoying when you do need to transfer
               | data to your phone, but all you have in your bag are
               | data-blockers ;)
        
         | pl90087 wrote:
         | I lately had trouble convincing some non-tech acquaintances
         | that IoT "cloud-enabled" cameras all over their house
         | (including bedroom) as anti-break-in measure are a bad idea as
         | those devices or the storage in some chinese cloud could be
         | hacked. They ridiculed this as "far fetched".
         | 
         | I'll never be able to bring up this risk with USB to those
         | guys.
         | 
         | Edit: IoC typo -> IoT
        
           | IggleSniggle wrote:
           | I know IoC as "Indicators of Compromise." While that's kinda
           | true here, that's not how you used it. What is IoC short for
           | in your parlance?
        
             | pl90087 wrote:
             | IoT. Sorry.
        
             | genezeta wrote:
             | Probably meant "IoT cameras".
             | 
             | Though apparently the "Internet of Cows" is something.
        
           | Accacin wrote:
           | Why do you feel the need to mention "chinese"? Any cloud
           | storage is liable to be hacked.
        
             | mikrotikker wrote:
             | Because they're the dodgiest, lowest cost, cheapest option.
             | And they like to spy/ddos.
        
       | imdoor wrote:
       | I'm curious, shouldn't the "charge only" mode, that's the
       | default, when connecting usb stuff to Android phones, be enough
       | to protect users? Is it really that difficult to implement a
       | "don't read data pins, only charge" mode on a phone and not have
       | vulnerabilities in it?
        
         | rhplus wrote:
         | You phone can only figure out if it's connected to a known
         | device (your car, your speaker, etc) by asking the data pins. A
         | charge-only mode would "break" usability of the USB port for
         | most users.
        
           | ensignavenger wrote:
           | My phone asks me if I am connected to a trusted device and
           | want to share data, asking me rather than asking the device
           | if it is trusted seems to be an effective model.
        
           | was8309 wrote:
           | android 11 asks me if i want to charge only or also allow
           | data transfer. Is it that we can't trust android to be not be
           | hacked just by checking if data pins exist?
        
         | HeavyFeather wrote:
         | If you can connect your turned off phone to your computer and
         | start a reset, then that's never going to be enough.
         | 
         | If you want data safety, you must skip the data pins.
         | 
         | If you want current safety, you must skip public chargers.
        
           | epups wrote:
           | I don't get it, even after I reset my phone it's still
           | locked, and by default not sharing data via USB. What am I
           | missing?
        
             | kccqzy wrote:
             | If the USB connection truly doesn't get data, your charging
             | experience is unsatisfactory: there's no way for the phone
             | to negotiate higher wattage.
             | 
             | Not "sharing data" doesn't really mean not sharing data.
        
             | StrangeATractor wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BadUSB
        
               | upofadown wrote:
               | BadUSB emulates a keyboard. So one would want to make
               | sure that the phone was locked before hooking it up to a
               | random charging port. Android exploit demo here:
               | 
               | * https://github.com/caioau/badUSB-Targeting-Android
        
             | retrac wrote:
             | > not sharing data via USB
             | 
             | USB is a very intelligent protocol, with a microcontrollor
             | on both ends. The controller has access to at least the
             | driver's state, which is usually in the kernel and
             | potentially has access to system memory.
             | 
             | How does your Android phone even know that data is an
             | option to switch into when you plug it into a USB port? It
             | has already negotiated itself to be a device on the USB
             | bus. Your phone will probably show up in lsusb on Linux
             | even in charging mode. (Mine does.) When you switch the
             | phone to data mode, it changes its USB device profile, and
             | becomes a more sophisticated attached device, from the
             | host's perspective.
             | 
             | Many (most?) phones made in recent years can be USB hosts,
             | too. This lets you connect a USB mouse and keyboard to a
             | tablet, for example. That would open you up to all kinds of
             | pretty simple but often quite effective attacks, like
             | simulating a virtual keyboard and mouse and just
             | manipulating the UI that way.
             | 
             | I don't know if any of these particular attacks are
             | possible with Android right now, but many variations on
             | these themes have been shown over the years on many
             | platforms. USB wasn't really designed with adversarial
             | peripherals in mind.
        
               | epups wrote:
               | Maybe I'm stupid but what I gather from this is simply
               | that this is a potential vector, not that it is currently
               | an actual possibility. It's akin to saying using
               | Bluetooth is dangerous because theoretically any data on
               | my phone can be extracted through it, while neglecting
               | the fact that the people building a phone OS are clearly
               | aware of that and have built-in countermeasures.
        
           | paulsutter wrote:
           | I would still prefer a "never trust" mode, even if it meant I
           | had to go to an Apple store to do a reset (something I have
           | never needed to do)
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | If it's "just a reset" I still wouldn't be too worried
           | plugging into an otherwise normally placed public charger. It
           | would obviously suck to have my device reset, especially when
           | traveling, but of course a port could also just fry your
           | device anyway.
        
       | stametseater wrote:
       | We badly need a DC electrical plug/jack standard that _doesn 't_
       | play double-duty as a data transmission standard. Innumerable
       | small appliances and devices use DC power, solar panels make DC
       | power, yet if you want to charge such devices you have to go
       | through a DC->AC->DC conversion, or use USB which can evidently
       | pwn your devices. What a sorry state of affairs.
        
       | mfer wrote:
       | When I see this I wonder, is the FBI warning us about something
       | the CIA or NSA are doing?
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | The FBI investigates industrial cybercrime. They are more
         | likely reporting on what they see in the wild. And it's
         | probably coincidence if the other TLAs are using the
         | techniques.
        
       | Anechoic wrote:
       | Presumably pair-locking still works to mitigate against evil
       | chargers?
       | 
       | https://reincubate.com/support/how-to/pair-lock-supervise-ip...
        
       | bookofjoe wrote:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35514479
        
       | ajsnigrutin wrote:
       | But how?
       | 
       | Most devices are charge-only by default, most users have USB
       | debugging disabled, and those who know how to enable it, won't
       | allow the adb server to connect to the phone (you have to
       | explicitly give it permission).
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | Baseband exploits.
        
         | retrocryptid wrote:
         | I believe the assertion is "just because you don't know ow how
         | to do it doesn't mean it can't be done."
         | 
         | It turns out several generations of USB controllers did
         | "undefined" things when presented with "undefined" behavior on
         | the data pins. Sometimes "undefined" was "just doesn't work",
         | sometimes it was "put data in physical memory, bypassing the
         | MMU and it's data protection features."
         | 
         | I've never seen it myself, but I worry someone out there has
         | figured out how to do the same thing over the power lines.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | > I believe the assertion is "just because you don't know ow
           | how to do it doesn't mean it can't be done."
           | 
           | Okay, but tell me how it can be done if you want me to take
           | the threat seriously. You could also say "always store your
           | phone in a sound-isolating container because attackers can
           | hack your phone with ultrasonics."
        
             | stametseater wrote:
             | > _Okay, but tell me how it can be done if you want me to
             | take the threat seriously._
             | 
             | That is not a precautionary attitude. I don't know how a
             | candle left unattended in the middle of my granite counter
             | island could light anything on fire, there aren't any
             | drapes near it, but I'm not going to leave it unattended so
             | I can find out.
        
         | kotaKat wrote:
         | Lightning does more than just USB depending on how you signal
         | the pins, including factory debug and diagnostics connections.
         | 
         | See also: the Bonobo JTAG/SWD debugging cable over Lightning.
         | https://shop.lambdaconcept.com/home/37-bonobo-debug-cable.ht...
         | 
         | (While this 'technically' requires extra device flags, it's
         | still the fact that Lightning has lots of hidden modes
         | underneath its multiplexer.)
        
         | cookiengineer wrote:
         | > But how?
         | 
         | Ask that your average parent using an Android 6 from a decade
         | ago, not being able to update because the manufacturer decided
         | to not support their devices anymore after a year.
         | 
         | There is no such thing as an updateable Android, because
         | something will always be outdated. Even lineageOS builds are
         | using decades old kernels and kernel mods that have never been
         | backported or upstreamed.
         | 
         | Android has a huge update problem. I'd probably bet that
         | stagefright or, say, the pegasus zeroday for whatsapp works
         | still on a large percentage of devices even though it was
         | leaked more than 5 years ago.
        
           | blacksmith_tb wrote:
           | Hmm, if someone is using a phone from a decade ago, they will
           | certainly be vulnerable to evil charging stations, as their
           | battery will almost certainly be extremely tired (then again,
           | phones that old were a lot easier to replace batteries in, so
           | maybe there's some hope).
        
         | pid-1 wrote:
         | I can picture a malicious actor convincing less tech savvy
         | folks into enabling USB debugging to "unlock wifi speed" or
         | some similar BS.
        
           | jstarfish wrote:
           | Heh. Reminds me of the warez days.
           | 
           | "Can't install this shady pirated software you got from a
           | malware-adjacent site? Try disabling your antivirus!"
        
         | dataflow wrote:
         | I don't know how this is done, but not everything USB connected
         | is assumed to be a charger. For example the 2FA hardware tokens
         | aren't assumed to be chargers by default. So I imagine this
         | might be done by faking a different device.
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | The malicious charger can pretend to be keyboard, mouse and
           | screen, and just remote control the phone. Or just a
           | keyboard, if you want to an easier implementation. At least
           | Android phones are completely usable this way, with universal
           | keyboard/mouse support and widespread USB-C display support.
           | Without any confirmation steps.
        
             | dataflow wrote:
             | If a keyboard is the attack vector, what I don't get is:
             | why not suggest people lock their phones and charge them
             | when they're locked? Or maybe even shut them down and
             | charge them before booting. Is there any reason not to
             | suggest those? It certainly seems more practical than
             | telling people they're out of luck, unless there are other
             | attack vectors - in which case, what are they?
        
               | jerlam wrote:
               | Most people use public charging ports are the same ones
               | who want to use their phone while charging.
               | 
               | Physical security is also a consideration, I wouldn't
               | really suggest that people leave their phones plugged
               | into the wall in a public or semi-public place.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | If this is true, then just use a charging cable with only
             | the two power wires in it.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | What is in the connector? While the only evil usb
               | connectors I have seen are the big ones. Putting evil in
               | and lighting or usb-c should be more than possible.
        
       | CharlesW wrote:
       | I'm seeing a lot of hysteria in response to this random tweet by
       | the Denver FBI's social media person.
       | 
       | Do we know of a single real-world use of this hypothetical
       | exploit? Do we know that iOS's (and presumably Android's)
       | protection against untrusted device access isn't enough?
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | It just doesn't seem like a plausible hack when you take in all
         | the circumstances that have to line up correctly:
         | 
         | 1. The station has to be using USB Ports / Charging cables that
         | are data enabled, not just cables that carry power
         | 
         | 2. The hacker would need some way of injecting the malware into
         | the charging station ports without being seen, I doubt many
         | charging stations are internet connected so you would have to
         | be at the device.
         | 
         | 3. You need to have an active exploit for iOS or Android (or
         | both) that will compromise the device and steal it's data.
         | 
         | It just seems like alot of work for something that in all
         | likelyhood would not work.
        
           | feoren wrote:
           | None of these are necessary, except half of #2. All you'd
           | need is a "middleman" device that is subtle enough to avoid
           | notice by the person plugging in, just like how credit card
           | skimmers work.
           | 
           | > 1. The station has to be using USB Ports / Charging cables
           | that are data enabled, not just cables that carry power
           | 
           | Doesn't matter, because you're (unwittingly) plugging into
           | the attacker's device, not the station's.
           | 
           | > 2. The hacker would need some way of injecting the malware
           | into the charging station ports without being seen, I doubt
           | many charging stations are internet connected so you would
           | have to be at the device.
           | 
           | You don't need to "inject" anything; you just need to
           | physically place it between the user and the actual port and
           | disguise it enough that people not paying attention won't
           | notice. Or even just put a fake "charging station" in a place
           | that the station didn't have one.
           | 
           | > 3. You need to have an active exploit for iOS or Android
           | (or both) that will compromise the device and steal it's
           | data.
           | 
           | People are plugging in their phone so they can use it.
           | They'll plug in the phone, unlock it, and browse the
           | internet. What _can 't_ you do in that situation?
        
             | marcellus23 wrote:
             | > They'll plug in the phone, unlock it, and browse the
             | internet.
             | 
             | iOS devices (maybe Android too, idk) ask you if you want to
             | allow new accessories to access your device. That's why
             | they said you need an exploit.
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | "This fast charge station requires accessories access to
               | your device for high speed charging"
               | 
               | Anyone who would believe a notice like that (or would
               | click trust without thinking) is a prime target.
               | 
               | It's like many scam/spam emails- they often intentionally
               | look a bit dubious, poor grammar, typos etc as the
               | attacker just wants to deal with low hanging fruit, not
               | someone who may wise up quickly that something isn't
               | right.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | Given what I know of battery technology that seems like a
               | plausible requirement. Why wouldn't the phone and charger
               | communicate?
        
               | gregmac wrote:
               | I don't have an iOS device to test, but just found a
               | video [1] showing someone connecting a USB keyboard and
               | immediately using it with no prompts. Same on Android.
               | 
               | Even better, here's [2] a direct example of this attack
               | using an O.MG cable [3].
               | 
               | [1] https://youtu.be/COndab_rQkE?t=76
               | 
               | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YpJQT55_Y8
               | 
               | [3] https://shop.hak5.org/products/omg-cable
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | Android allows you to select the 'USB mode' between
               | charging, MTP/PTP media transfer, debugging (if enabled),
               | and filesystem.
               | 
               | If not an exploit, you need the victim to do something a
               | lot _more_ obviously (though the absolute obviousness of
               | course remains debatable) dumb /risky than merely plug
               | in.
        
             | standardUser wrote:
             | I'm confused about #1. If I have a power adapted plugged
             | into the wall, and a USB cable from that power adapted to
             | my phone, how exactly could my phone be compromised?
        
               | l33t233372 wrote:
               | The attack involves placing a device between the cord and
               | the wall.
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | The scenario was talking about a power bank where you
               | plug a USB cable into, not where you plug your own power
               | adapter into. Lots of people, myself included, don't
               | carry power adapters or even charging cables on them on a
               | day-to-day basis.
               | 
               | Using your own power adapter and own power cable you will
               | be fine.
               | 
               | Unless someone has tampered with either of them while you
               | were distracted momentarily but that's too high
               | risk/inconvenient for an attacker for you to worry about.
        
           | meling wrote:
           | Maybe a better attack would be to create and sell a usb
           | condom with malware built in.
        
           | pphysch wrote:
           | More practically, you visit a place that has public chargers,
           | you study them and create a compromised clone, and then you
           | swap out the real one. Like card skimmers.
        
         | WakoMan12 wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | enguinq123 wrote:
         | Anecdotally, I have had a previous iphone infected by using a
         | public charging station at SFO a few years ago.
        
           | rsync wrote:
           | You're going to need to elaborate here ... that's genuinely
           | interesting if true ...
           | 
           | More details?
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | did you have to say yes to the "trust this computer" question
           | to enable data exchange?
        
             | Alupis wrote:
             | Your non-tech-savvy folks will pound through nearly any
             | popup if they are desperate to get a charge before their
             | connecting flight, for instance.
             | 
             | The popup really should be a toggle somewhere in the
             | settings that forces a user to explicitly enable data - not
             | a popup users are mostly self-trained into ignoring.
             | 
             | Additionally, real charging stations should not offer
             | cables with data lines at all.
        
           | ghostpepper wrote:
           | Can you elaborate on this? What kind of phone? Android or
           | iOS? Fully patched? What kind of infection? How did you
           | discover it? How did you get rid of it?
        
             | kevviiinn wrote:
             | I bet their iphone was running android
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | There have been many jailbreaks available that only
               | required plugging the phone in and running some program
               | on the other end of the cable. There's been jailbreaks
               | where all you needed to do was visit a website... Apple's
               | security isn't as bullet-proof as some make it out to be.
               | 
               | So, is it plausible a malicious charging station could
               | gain root and sideload something nefarious on an iPhone?
               | Absolutely. Particularly for non-tech-savvy folks
               | desperate to get a charge before their connecting
               | flight...
               | 
               | Has it happened? ...No idea. I guess that's where the
               | anecdotes come in...
        
               | kevviiinn wrote:
               | My point was that the person who made the comment stating
               | that they had an iPhone, the person I'm replying to went
               | on to ask them if they had iOS or android
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Good point, I missed that bit upstream.
               | 
               | My general point about how easy it can be to maliciously
               | root someone's device stands, so I will leave my comment
               | as-is.
               | 
               | Folks - don't plug your devices into untrusted USB
               | ports...
        
         | l33t233372 wrote:
         | I think I recall such a thing happening at DEFCON. It was
         | either that or USB sticks being handed out.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | We do know of shady companies that sell "own this phone" USB
         | devices to governments, but AFAIK they only sell to governments
         | and the details aren't available to the public.
         | 
         | I have never heard about a non-government sponsored attacker
         | doing that kind of thing. If this is relevant or not to you,
         | it's a matter of your threat model. If I were a journalist, I
         | would be very weary. Personally, I don't plug my phone on
         | random outlets and don't plug random devices on my computers,
         | but it's clearly an overreaction.
        
           | tonyarkles wrote:
           | Heh, if I'm remembering right, a couple of years ago there
           | was a public charging station at DEFCON that was sponsored by
           | the NSA. I did not plug my phone into it :D
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | That one became famous. It said something like "Powered by
             | the NSA. You know you want to do it."
             | 
             | (And no, I've never been to DEFCON. It really became
             | famous.)
        
         | thrashh wrote:
         | Usually the risk for something like is that if there's some
         | unexploited bug in the USB stack or the OS. Which, from what I
         | know from writing software, I don't trust shit.
         | 
         | I think the risk is insanely low for your average person
         | because you'd have to use an unpatched bug on a well-supported
         | system, you'd have to put bug a USB port in a popular place,
         | and you'd need a reason to do all that.
         | 
         | But at the same time, this is well in the wheelhouse and
         | capability of some bored teen with a lot of time who wants to
         | screw with people FWIW. You could also have fun and write a
         | worm that infects everyone that connect to your USB port and
         | have it DDoS a website or something. The first worms were
         | created by bored people.
        
         | thinkmassive wrote:
         | Thousands of O.MG cables are out in the wild...
         | https://shop.hak5.org/products/omg-cable
        
           | CharlesW wrote:
           | Wouldn't this be considered the same attack? Users would
           | connect the cable, unlock their phone, and then would need to
           | explicitly "Trust" the external device attempting to connect
           | to their phone via USB.
           | 
           | I suppose the difference is that people may be using the
           | cable to connect to a device where that prompt is expected,
           | in contrast to the "charging port in an airport" scenario
           | where it would seem appropriately alarming.
        
       | slicktux wrote:
       | I usually drill out the data pins on a USB I plan on using for
       | public charging stations...
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | Have fun with most devices only charging at 2.5 watts (ie. 6
         | hours for a full phone charge)...
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | plz explain. I have something similar to these
           | https://www.amazon.com/OffGrid-Blocker-Unwanted-Transfer-
           | Pro...
           | 
           | And it seems to charge quick enough (albeit never timed
           | it)...
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | The way USB high power charging works is that unless the
             | charger and the device agree on high power the charger just
             | charges at the older pre-high power USB rate. That's why
             | you can plug ancient devices into a high power charger
             | without worry that they will get fried.
             | 
             | The way the charger and the device agree on how much power
             | the charger should supply involves the data lines.
             | 
             | Thus, if you simply drill out the data lines leaving just
             | the power lines as the person a few comments up suggested a
             | properly functioning high power charger will see your
             | device as only supporting the original USB power spec.
             | 
             | I suspect that those things you linked to are active USB
             | devices. The USB port on the charge side has the data lines
             | connected and uses them to negotiate high power from the
             | charger. The USB port on the device side similarly has the
             | data lines connected and uses them to negotiate high power
             | with the device.
             | 
             | It protects the device because the data lines on the
             | charger side are not connected to the data lines on the
             | device side.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | > It protects the device because the data lines on the
               | charger side are not connected to the data lines on the
               | device side.
               | 
               | or so we hope
        
           | Kirby64 wrote:
           | Some devices don't really operate this way; some of them just
           | try to keep pulling current until they either see voltage
           | start dropping significantly, or they meet the amount of
           | current they need.
           | 
           | Also, you can just put the 'correct' data connections on the
           | phone side (keeping data disconnected on the charger side)
           | and pull up to 5V-3A, no problem assuming the charger can
           | handle it.
        
         | bin_bash wrote:
         | is this possible with type-c?
        
         | yonaguska wrote:
         | I just carry a portable battery when travelling. Seems like way
         | less work with the added convenience of being able to charge on
         | the move.
        
           | onemoresoop wrote:
           | And as a bonus you can charge the battery at a public
           | station.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | vlod wrote:
       | If I power off my phone, I assume it will be okay?
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | No.
        
       | diziet wrote:
       | I suggest to get data blockers like this:
       | https://www.amazon.com/PortaPow-NA-USB-C-Data-Blocker/dp/B08...
        
         | Tagbert wrote:
         | Yes, I use something similar. I keep one in my travel bag, just
         | in case.
        
       | kerkeslager wrote:
       | This is like abstinence-only education. Use a USB condom:
       | 
       | https://www.zdnet.com/article/protect-your-data-with-a-usb-c...
        
         | Kwpolska wrote:
         | The use of public chargers is easy to avoid with some basic
         | planning and awareness of your phone's battery habits.
        
       | dpratt wrote:
       | "Dear citizens, please be wary of attacks on your devices
       | designed to compromise your privacy and personal information. It
       | would be unfortunate if we had competition in the game."
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | It's always been a competing priorities inside the government
         | between groups improving security so that commerce and secrets
         | stay secret and safe and other groups who's priorities are more
         | generalized security that would love to snoop into everyone all
         | the time.
        
       | ta1243 wrote:
       | I stopped paying attention to FBI warnings when they spammed my
       | legal dvds.
       | 
       | Meanwhile my downloads came with none of those warnings.
        
       | GartzenDeHaes wrote:
       | Also, programmable USB HID devices
       | https://shop.hak5.org/products/usb-rubber-ducky
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | USB-C uses data to negotiate charging. A dumb USB type-A cable
       | with no data wires would be safe against bad data.
        
         | IX-103 wrote:
         | USB in general specifies negotiation for charging, regardless
         | of the connector. But most chargers are too lazy to implement
         | the negotiation and instead just always provide their maximum
         | amperage, so something with no data wires should work
         | regardless.
        
       | rtkwe wrote:
       | Has there been any kind of attack actually detected that goes
       | through this vector? This has been infosec lore for as long as
       | USB charging and smart phones have been a thing but I've never
       | really heard of it actually being used.
        
         | provenance wrote:
         | There is indeed a cheap product that does exactly this:
         | https://o.mg.lol/
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | I mean as an actual attack not a product that could execute a
           | similar attack. IE an instance where a public charger has
           | been detected or caught attempting to infect phones.
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | I've come to think that whatever eventually replaces USB should
       | add some separation between power and data. Let's call it MSB
       | (Multiversal Serial Bus). Maybe something like this.
       | 
       | MSB would define 2 connectors: a data connector and a power
       | connector.
       | 
       | MSB would also specify that if you have both data and power
       | connectors they should be physically laid out in data/power pairs
       | and would define the spacing/positioning (e.g., the power
       | connector should be parallel to the data connector 2 mm apart
       | with the power connector above the data connector).
       | 
       | The idea behind the layout specification is that for applications
       | that need both the power and data connectors you could make
       | cables that include both, with the housing at the ends holding
       | the two connectors fixed so they can treated as a unit when it
       | comes to plugging into things.
       | 
       | The power port would include data line, but they are just used
       | for power negotiation.
       | 
       | The data port would include power, but just a fixed voltage and
       | max current, comparable to pre-high power USB, so for low power
       | peripherals you would just need to use a data port. I.e., for low
       | power peripherals it is pretty much just like USB.
        
         | sacrosancty wrote:
         | That's pretty much USB3-A isn't it? High speed data is separate
         | from power and low speed data. You can have connectors with
         | just one or the other.
         | 
         | Anyway, the world will be worse place with just incremental
         | incompatible tweaks to the so-called "universal" connectors so
         | that they're never universal because of churn. Hopefully USB-C
         | is the end of the line forever, whatever its flaws might be.
        
         | i_am_jl wrote:
         | Why not offload this to the device?
         | 
         | Why doesn't my device today have an option that allows me to
         | set the USB port to "power only"?
        
           | mr_mitm wrote:
           | My Android does that. And at least with thunderbolt I can
           | enable thunderbolt security on my laptop, which essentially
           | does that.
        
           | Tommstein wrote:
           | Because you don't have an Android? I don't remember the last
           | one I had that didn't have that setting, if ever.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | paulryanrogers wrote:
       | Or at least use a USB condom with voltage protection
        
         | maerF0x0 wrote:
         | I mean, if they fry the device I think that's going to both be
         | an acceptable risk (annoying but not breached), and also likely
         | to be detected rapidly -- "Shit my device is fucked, better
         | tell airport staff"
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | _> likely to be detected rapidly --  "Shit my device is
           | fucked, better tell airport staff"_
           | 
           | It's not charging - but maybe it was just a problem with that
           | port on your laptop. Better try the charger in every one of
           | your laptop's USB-C ports, just in case....
        
       | stronglikedan wrote:
       | Isn't that what those charge-only cables that don't do data are
       | for?
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | Most people don't have those because USB-C Power Delivery
         | requires data pins to negotiate fast charging. I think it's
         | required to get anything beyond the basic 5V .5A power out of a
         | USB socket these days.
        
           | stronglikedan wrote:
           | Ah, good to know. TIL, thanks! I'll be avoiding those as well
           | then.
        
       | manishsharan wrote:
       | There are USB "condom" cables available which do not have data
       | wire. https://www.zdnet.com/article/protect-your-data-with-a-
       | usb-c...
       | 
       | I don't have those; I just charge my portable battery first and
       | then charge my devices from the battery.
        
         | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
         | But then your phone will have been with every port your battery
         | pack has been with!
         | 
         | An alternative is also a power only USB cable, just because I
         | feel like I'm less likely to lose a whole cable than a
         | "condom".
        
           | hibbelig wrote:
           | > _But then your phone will have been with every port your
           | battery pack has been with!_
           | 
           | It's unclear to me what this means. I thought it works like
           | this:
           | 
           | - Connect battery pack to USB port - USB port tries to hack
           | the battery pack, but it's too dumb, so the attempt goes
           | nowhere. The charge flows nicely, though. - Disconnect
           | battery pack from USB port - Connect device to battery pack
        
             | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
             | Oh, it was strictly a joke that was stretching the
             | condom/STI metaphor.
        
             | palata wrote:
             | > USB port tries to hack the battery pack, but it's too
             | dumb
             | 
             | Are you certain it is?
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | I haven't seen many of those data blockers that support quick
         | charge and thats pretty important when using some kind of
         | public charging station.
         | 
         | I, like you, charge a portable battery that can refill my phone
         | 2-3x without issue.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | Just in time for the phone vendors having fixed all their USB
       | vulnerabilities?
        
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       (page generated 2023-04-12 23:02 UTC)