[HN Gopher] Carbon nanotube recognition by human Siglec-14 provo...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Carbon nanotube recognition by human Siglec-14 provokes
       inflammation
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 54 points
       Date   : 2023-04-07 18:25 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | alexpotato wrote:
       | I remember reading a comment here on Hacker News years ago and
       | someone mentioned: "I wonder if carbon nanotubes are going to be
       | the asbestos of the 21st century?"
       | 
       | Looks like we're finding out if that is the case.
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | Alternately if asbestos was discovered today people would call
         | it "nanotechnology".
         | 
         | I've noticed that contemporary toasters are a lot slower than
         | toasters used to be and I guess that's because old toasters
         | contained asbestos. I remember the first Chinese-made toaster
         | my mother in law got from Wal _Mart that she was amazed by
         | until it caught on fire, then after that toasters from Wal_
         | Mart were all very slow models that made up for being slow by
         | having four or more slots.
        
       | gojomo wrote:
       | Aren't allergic reactions to nanotech detritus in the atmosphere
       | a bit of background detail in Stephenson's 'Diamond Age' (1995)?
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | I recall it mentioning nanotech dust in the air and filters for
         | it along with it being a socio-economic signifier (i.e. living
         | in pollution), but not allergy specifically
        
       | drojas wrote:
       | If anyone is interested. I went to ChatGPT to ask about: what
       | supplements or foods contain blockers or inhibitors of Siglec-14
       | and the Syk tyrosine kinase
       | 
       | """ There is limited information on supplements or foods that
       | contain blockers or inhibitors of Siglec-14 and Syk tyrosine
       | kinase. However, some studies suggest that certain dietary
       | components may have anti-inflammatory effects and may modulate
       | the activity of these molecules indirectly. Here are some
       | examples:
       | 
       | Omega-3 fatty acids: These essential fatty acids are found in
       | fatty fish, such as salmon, mackerel, and sardines, as well as in
       | flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. Omega-3 fatty acids have been
       | shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and may inhibit the
       | activation of Syk tyrosine kinase.
       | 
       | Curcumin: This polyphenol is found in turmeric, a spice commonly
       | used in Indian cuisine. Curcumin has been shown to have anti-
       | inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and may inhibit the
       | activation of Syk tyrosine kinase.
       | 
       | Green tea: This beverage is rich in polyphenols, particularly
       | catechins, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
       | Some studies suggest that catechins may inhibit the activity of
       | Syk tyrosine kinase.
       | 
       | Quercetin: This flavonoid is found in many fruits and vegetables,
       | including apples, onions, and berries. Quercetin has been shown
       | to have anti-inflammatory effects and may inhibit the activity of
       | Syk tyrosine kinase.
       | 
       | It is important to note that the efficacy and safety of using
       | dietary components as blockers or inhibitors of Siglec-14 and Syk
       | tyrosine kinase have not been extensively studied, and dietary
       | supplements should always be used with caution and under the
       | guidance of a healthcare professional. """
        
         | hirenj wrote:
         | I mean if you want to go down the path of indiscriminately
         | competitively binding Siglecs, I would read up about how NeuGc
         | (which is found on meats) gets incorporated on our cells. Of
         | course then you might end up in trouble with
         | inflammation/cancer. No silver bullets here!
        
         | blobbers wrote:
         | That read like a youtube grifter ;)
        
       | hirenj wrote:
       | Siglecs are SUPER important immune receptors that normally
       | antagonise or induce tolerance in the immune system. Normally
       | they recognise different sialic acids (e.g., the same ones
       | recognised by hemaglutinin in influenza) and depending on the
       | health of the cells you can induce different responses in your
       | immune cells.
       | 
       | We've done a bit of work in our lab on these receptors, trying to
       | figure out what their natural ligands are. Crazy that the carbon
       | nanotubes are also recognised. I'll need to check my notes, but I
       | think that the loops that are recognising the nanotubes aren't
       | where the binding normally is for sialic acids, so it's all very
       | interesting!
       | 
       | Additional thoughts: I wonder if anyone has tried throwing viral
       | particles or protein pathogens on a carbon nanotube to check for
       | binding. The other Siglecs don't interact, but hey, maybe we're
       | lucky and all these pathogen related sialic acid binders happen
       | to have the right residues in place! The SRR bacterial adhesins
       | off the top of my head might be candidates.
        
         | cypherpunks01 wrote:
         | Excuse my ignorance, but how are there carbon nanotube
         | recognizing immune receptors? Do the tubes just happen to fit
         | in the receptors because of their size or shape, or is there
         | something about the tubes that trigger the receptors?
        
           | hirenj wrote:
           | The receptors have these floppy loops which are great for
           | bending into the right conformation to recognise different
           | things. It turns out that if they have a few aromatic
           | residues they just happen to recognise carbon nanotubes. It's
           | unlikely this is something that evolved, and much more just
           | some bad luck in recognising this particular shape.
        
             | robbintt wrote:
             | Wouldn't an aromatic loop have a high affinity for anything
             | with some relatively large / low density (amenable to
             | moving around) electron field?
        
               | maxbond wrote:
               | Something that tickles me about this idea is that, if you
               | think of proteins recognizing these small molecules as
               | lock-and-key (I know that model is outmoded), this is the
               | equivalent of a self-impressioning attack (like the Bic
               | pen attack on cheap tubular locks).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-04-07 23:01 UTC)