[HN Gopher] China plans to ban exports of rare earth magnet tech
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       China plans to ban exports of rare earth magnet tech
        
       Author : moose_man
       Score  : 163 points
       Date   : 2023-04-05 16:28 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (japannews.yomiuri.co.jp)
 (TXT) w3m dump (japannews.yomiuri.co.jp)
        
       | waterheater wrote:
       | That's okay. The US has polymagnets, which are a paradigm shift
       | in magnetics.
       | 
       | https://www.polymagnet.com/
        
         | nyokodo wrote:
         | That's super cool. But these have been around for years, has
         | the paradigm really shifted so as to totally replace all
         | Chinese magnet manufacturing?
        
       | dirtyid wrote:
       | Export controls on manufacturing tech not materials, which I
       | don't imagine is particularly enforcable. Will just get
       | transhipped through middlemen, but I can imagine increasing price
       | astronomically for competitive advantage.
        
       | throwawaykarma wrote:
       | The west created the monster and it's about devour them.
       | 
       | Karma is a bitch
        
       | hunglee2 wrote:
       | is this an attempt to suppress the innovation rate of other
       | countries?
        
         | barelysapient wrote:
         | I think its more a tit-for-tat response to previous US trade
         | restrictions.
        
           | moose_man wrote:
           | I mean, the US move was tit-for-tat for a decade of
           | militarizing the South China Sea, threatening war against
           | Taiwan, undermining the US economy through stealing trade
           | secrets and sponsoring national champions.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | Only the US, after all, is allowed to militarize the South
             | _China_ sea.
        
               | gs17 wrote:
               | The Chinese simply call it the South Sea, but linguistic
               | games don't change who in the region actively threatens
               | to invade who.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _the US, after all, is allowed to militarize the South
               | China sea_
               | 
               | The U.S. doesn't claim the sea as its sovereign waters.
               | China does. (Which had the totally unpredictable effect
               | of majorly pissing off every one of its maritime
               | neighbours.)
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | Not true, China's claims are best known in the West
               | because everybody hates/fears them. But there are others
               | - like the dispute between Indonesia, Malaysia, and the
               | Philippines regarding maritime borders.
        
               | Despegar wrote:
               | All the countries in the region have overlapping claims
               | to the waters, it's not unique to China.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | Including Taiwan, which makes almost exactly the same
               | claims as China, and which occupies the largest of the
               | islands in the South China Sea.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | The Philippines do which might as well be the US claiming
               | sovereignty, since they are a host of the US military and
               | in a mutual defense agreement.
        
               | NLPaep wrote:
               | Which countries have been saying that about the US? Last
               | I checked, many of China's neighbors have been upset at
               | China.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | To be fair many (all?) of china's southeast asian
               | neighbors are hosts to US military bases. They aren't
               | going to bite the hand that pays for their anti aircraft
               | defenses.
        
               | zht wrote:
               | lol what?
               | 
               | just cause a sea is named after a country doesn't mean
               | it's theirs
               | 
               | just like Sea of Japan
        
           | Despegar wrote:
           | That's exactly what it is. The US decided (beginning with the
           | Trump administration) that the status quo was unacceptable
           | and has decided to "decouple" and increasingly contain
           | China's development with export controls. No one should be
           | surprised that there's retaliation, but everyone pretends
           | that it's the other side that is the aggressor while they are
           | simply the innocent victim.
        
             | barelysapient wrote:
             | I think that's largely true; although in hindsight the US
             | missed a crucial opportunity during the Obama
             | administration to respond to China's bans on Google,
             | Facebook, forced tech transfers, et cetera.
        
         | edgyquant wrote:
         | It's likely them firing back due to US tightening chip exports.
        
           | wlesieutre wrote:
           | Or the battery minerals/components rules for EV tax credits
        
           | TomK32 wrote:
           | This is really the best they could come up with?
        
           | cm2012 wrote:
           | I think its for the best to find new rare earth sources
           | outside of China now anyway, before any great power
           | struggles.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | samus wrote:
             | There are lots of sources; it's just very environmentally
             | damaging and/or expensive to extract them. And so far China
             | could, for various reasons, do it way more cheaply than
             | most others. Seems this is going to change...
        
         | PKop wrote:
         | It's about avoiding counter-party risk and strengthening
         | domestic supply chains against uncertain economic, geopolitical
         | and military future. Certainly there is the element of "don't
         | strengthen your adversaries" too. Why would they want to make
         | the West stronger (if they can avoid it) if the West is a
         | potential military threat?
        
       | petilon wrote:
       | Relevant: Huge rare earth metals discovery in Arctic Sweden
       | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64253708
       | 
       | But it will take 10 to 15 years to process it.
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | I read "Rare Earths" are nor really rare. But the article did say
       | extracting these elements cheaply causes a lot of environmental
       | damage, which as we know, China is perfectly fine with.
       | 
       | I also read the US is close to opening a "mining" site for Rear
       | Earths, but not sure where or for what elements.
        
         | barelysapient wrote:
         | California had a very large RE mine until it suffered a toxic
         | waste spill and closed in 2002. [1]
         | 
         | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_Pass_mine#:~:text=The
         | ....
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | "Mountain Pass was acquired out of bankruptcy in July 2017
           | with the goal of reviving America's rare-earth
           | industry.[16][17][18][19] MP Materials resumed mining and
           | refining operations in January 2018"
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | The US has always had rare earth mines, but competition from
         | low cost producers in China makes them economically unviable
         | (and the US is market based, among other things). There is
         | plenty of supply in developed countries, but being undercut by
         | other producers require government subsidies or a more closed
         | market to be viable.
         | 
         | If China refuses to export this stuff themselves, it actually
         | makes these mines more economically viable. However, if they
         | export the end products, they could still have problems.
        
           | moose_man wrote:
           | Yeah China purposefully undermined the competition through
           | state funding in order to control the market.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | I doubt it was that, I think China's lack of environmental
             | rule enforcement led to a condition that allowed for lower
             | cost producers, the state didn't intend on controlling this
             | market (or maybe some combination of that, but refusing to
             | export in the future means they won't control the market
             | anymore).
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | It is _that_ for steel. I don't know about rare earth
               | materials but it wouldn't be a surprise.
        
               | moose_man wrote:
               | No, it's pretty clear that this was a top down effort to
               | control the global market, a concerted effort by the
               | state.
               | 
               | https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-merges-three-
               | rare-...
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | No, not at all. It is clear to you because you aren't
               | looking at the entire history. But to anyone who has been
               | in China for awhile, it is obvious that it happened
               | overtime and wasn't intended. You are assuming China is
               | an authoritarian country where state control is absolute,
               | but in reality, China is a huge country where there are
               | lots people making even if that means destroying the
               | environment while the government isn't paying attention.
        
               | moose_man wrote:
               | There are articles about this going back 20 years to the
               | early 2000s I'm not just coming up with this thesis. It's
               | been apparent for a long time. They had a natural
               | advantage to begin with but they went much further.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Here is an actual concrete article you can read (vs. the
               | ones you say exist that support your thesis): https://en.
               | wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare_earth_industry_in_China.
               | 
               | > In 2002, China's central government pushed forward
               | restructuring of the domestic rare earth industry by
               | creating two state-owned groups China Northern Rare Earth
               | Group Company and China Southern Rare Earth Group
               | Company.[14] This largely failed due to opposition from
               | powerful local authorities and local producers.[14]
               | Fierce competition in the local sector produced low
               | profitability and inefficiency. This drove producers to
               | consolidate and merge into larger companies for
               | survival.[14] Market forces thus accomplished what
               | central planning could not.
               | 
               | > As rare earth prices went up because of the restriction
               | of export, many illegal mines were developed by organized
               | criminals to benefit from the trade.[15] The smuggling by
               | organized criminal groups is harmful to China's rare
               | earth industry as it depletes resources rapidly, deflates
               | prices and causes supply problems for local
               | producers.[16] It is estimated a third of exports or 20
               | 000 tonnes in 2008 were illegally exported from
               | China.[16]
               | 
               | Now, if China had a central government controlled
               | conspiracy to dominate rare earth elements over the last
               | 20 years, the history between 2002 and 2008 wouldn't have
               | turned out like that. What they have right now is a mess.
        
               | moose_man wrote:
               | Look I understand countries are complicated and there are
               | a lot of interests however I think that the Chinese
               | government is totally capable of acting in a centralized
               | way on a fixed target like mining (vs. something like
               | semiconductors) when it believes it is a core national
               | interest.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > however I think that the Chinese government is totally
               | capable of acting in a centralized way on a fixed target
               | like mining
               | 
               | Spend a couple weeks in China's hinterland and I'm sure
               | that your opinion would change very quickly. There are
               | good reasons semiconductors are concentrated in
               | Beijing/Shanghai, but anything mining or natural resource
               | related are going to be messy because China is a huge
               | country and local government interests are often at odds
               | with central government interests.
        
               | delfinom wrote:
               | Yea people literally treat China as a hivemind. The same
               | goes for other countries too. It's absolutely bizarre and
               | often some sort of weird US centric mindset.
               | 
               | Part of it I even blame on US media, somehow, whenever
               | there's something to discuss about in another country,
               | even if it's some research breakthrough by a single
               | individual presenting his work at a elementary school
               | instead its "COUNTRY X CURES CANCER"
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | It isn't so different in how China thinks about the USA,
               | even more so since our stark political divide is not
               | familiar concept to many Chinese.
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | Are you saying the US is more centrally controlled than
               | China? It seems that way but I don't think that holds up.
               | 
               | The US states convened and created a constitution which
               | granted a few explicit powers to the federal government
               | and left everything else to the states. These rules
               | cannot be changed by the federal government- only the
               | states.
               | 
               | Whereas in China, a single party wrote the constitution,
               | which enshrines power in themselves, and can be changed
               | by this party whenever they want.
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | China does have an authoritarian government. And they
               | literally own all the land. You can't just extract rare
               | earth metals from China without the CCPs blessing.
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | Does China primarily do this IN China? If so, where? I would
         | guess West and/or north central?
        
         | sohex wrote:
         | I think it's important in the context of this discussion to
         | separate the mining of rare earths and the processing thereof.
         | Both are generally environmentally hazardous, but in different
         | ways. The mining process generally involves strip mines or open
         | pit mines (such as Mountain Pass in California, iirc the only
         | US rare earth mine), neither of which are particularly friendly
         | to the environment. The processing is also hazardous due to the
         | chemicals and processes necessary to separate the component
         | elements of the ores which are effectively more tightly coupled
         | than is the case in most metal mines. Domestically that means
         | continued and heightened investment in Mountain Pass as well as
         | potentially other sites, but also the development of domestic
         | processing industry. So while the mine might be in California
         | we're going to see the ancillary industry popping up in
         | locations with notably lower standards, i.e. Texas.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | I think another issue is that a lot of the various rare
         | earths(maybe just the lanthanides?) are chemically similar and
         | thus very difficult to isolate. In the end, a lot of this just
         | boils down to establishing the production networks which takes
         | time and a lot of money.
        
         | bbojan wrote:
         | Think of "rare" as "diluted" or "rarified", as opposed to
         | "scarce".
        
         | robocat wrote:
         | > environmental damage which China is perfectly fine with
         | 
         | "China has outsourced much of its rare earth mining industry to
         | Myanmar's Kachin state"
         | https://news.mongabay.com/2022/08/toxic-rare-earth-mines-fue...
         | (maybe overstated, but definitely a real issue).
        
           | nonethewiser wrote:
           | > The mining areas in Kachin state are poorly regulated,
           | undocumented, and "illegal under Myanmar's laws," says the
           | report. Moreover, many mining areas are run by militias
           | affiliated with the country's military junta, which raises
           | the risk of industry revenues providing income for the
           | junta's activities.
           | 
           | Remember, China insists this is good for society
        
         | zdragnar wrote:
         | They are rare in the sense that they tend to be extremely
         | diffuse, rather than having nice, massive veins of concentrated
         | ore or elemental metal like you might find for copper or
         | bauxite.
         | 
         | Since they tend to be diffuse, mining them requires disrupting
         | significant volumes of earth and rock, plus the chemicals
         | needed to separate them out of the less interesting material
         | that gets dug up.
         | 
         | The cheapest way to do that is to strip mine large tracts of
         | land and not reclaim or treat any water used in the process,
         | which will likely be full of heavy metals and other chemicals.
         | 
         | If we don't like how other countries do it, we have to be
         | willing to do it ourselves, which means years delayed supply
         | chains (basically every mine in the US is protested and delayed
         | through the legal system) and higher prices for the refined
         | materials (it costs more to do it right).
        
           | akiselev wrote:
           | It's called "liquid-liquid extraction" [1] and requires
           | crushing the rock and mixing it with an extractant (see
           | D2EHPA [2] which is also used in uranium extraction) into a
           | nasty acidic slurry. It is then separated into a aqueous
           | layer containing the waste and a nonpolar solvent that strips
           | the rare earth elements bound up with the extractant. All the
           | different rare earth elements then have to be separated out
           | of the nonpolar solvent using even more toxic chemicals, each
           | of which leaves behind a different hazardous waste.
           | 
           | Fun(?) fact: This process looks a lot like the alkali
           | extraction process used to make cocaine, DMT, and a variety
           | of other drugs.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid%E2%80%93liquid_extra
           | cti...
           | 
           | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric
           | _ac...
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | I'm not a chemist, but I have watched enough
             | explosions&fire / extractions & ire to know this sounds
             | about right.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | In a way this is good news. The more China overplays its hand in
       | this undeclared economic war the more likely that Western
       | countries will realize that they are making the exact same
       | mistake with China that they have made with Russia. You can't
       | play nice with dictatorships in the hope that your long term
       | economic interests will be aligned to the point that the other
       | party will be forced to continue to play nice. China has been
       | playing the long game successfully so far, these kind of mistakes
       | are good indicators of what's really going on underneath all
       | that.
       | 
       | Just for a moment consider what it would mean if China
       | arbitrarily stopped exporting consumer electronics or any other
       | category of product and what the effect on the West would be. We
       | _really_ should pull back some of that manufacturing and deal
       | with the resulting pollution closer to where the goods are
       | consumed. And while we 're at it we may be able to improve the
       | quality a bit as well.
        
         | klodolph wrote:
         | I am less convinced that China is really good at playing the
         | long game, and more convinced that China is subject to many of
         | the same political struggles that we see in the US. It's just
         | so easy to tap into our fears of China that we _want_ to
         | believe that they're this smart and ruthless. We look for
         | evidence to validate our feelings.
         | 
         | There are deposits of these rare earth minerals elsewhere.
         | There are always more deposits, it's just that they're untapped
         | until we deplete our cheaper sources. If China withholds its
         | minerals, we will use more expensive sources, but we will still
         | get the minerals.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | You don't need to be afraid of China to realize that
           | outsourcing a very large fraction of all manufacturing for
           | half the world to a single non-democratic country doesn't
           | serve our interests in the long run.
        
       | nortonham wrote:
       | well now that they basically manufacture everything we're fucked
       | unless we--at the very least--try to get along with china
        
       | agentultra wrote:
       | Aren't the materials to make rare-earth magnets... not actually
       | that rare? It's only rare in the sense of their dispersal in the
       | earth's crust, this making it a rather dirty and ecologically
       | disruptive activity sourcing them. The US could theoretically
       | start producing rare-earth metals, couldn't they?
        
         | halJordan wrote:
         | Yes, but it trivializes the issue. You might ask why colonies
         | needed to import finished goods from the motherland when they
         | had all this wood and iron available.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | I'm trying to find out if the rare earth extraction plant that MP
       | Minerals was building in Alliance, TX actually got built.[1]
       | Google and Bing pictures are from 2021 and show a vacant lot. If
       | anyone is near there, please go to the corner of Independence and
       | Victory and see how the construction is going.
       | 
       | PR: "MP Materials broke ground for its magnet factory at Alliance
       | last April, and completed the building's shell in September. ...
       | The company plans to start delivering alloy from the Fort Worth
       | plant to General Motors late this year, and magnets in 2025, MP
       | Materials founder James Litinsky said in an annual profit report
       | meeting."
       | 
       | MP Minerals already has the largest rare earth mine in the US, at
       | Mountain Pass, CA. That went bankrupt in 2015 because of low-
       | priced competition from China. They finally got a process working
       | that didn't cause major pollution problems.
       | 
       | That mine has been back in action since 2018. They only do
       | initial separation at the mine; the ore is shipped to China for
       | further processing until the US plant gets going.
       | 
       | China had a near-monopoly in rare-earths processing. Had. About
       | six weeks ago, MP Minerals made a deal with Sumitomo in Japan to
       | provide ore for to be processed into rare earths in Japan.[3][4]
       | 
       | There's also some company called US Rare Earths, with a mine in
       | Colorado. Their PR shows lots of funding and announcing, not so
       | much manufacturing and shipping.
       | 
       | China has been making rare-earth metal threats for years. The
       | main result is that China's share of rare earth mining has
       | dropped from 80% to about 55% as the US and Australia ramp up.[2]
       | Also that the industry has become very profitable. MP Minerals
       | profit more than doubled last year. 10-20 years ago, everybody in
       | this space was going bust.
       | 
       | [1] https://mpmaterials.com/articles/mp-materials-begins-
       | constru...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.mining-technology.com/features/australia-rare-
       | ea...
       | 
       | [3] https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/02/22/business/us-
       | rar...
       | 
       | [4] https://www.pm-review.com/mp-materials-and-sumitomo-
       | corporat...
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | China long-term strategizes while the US often twiddles its
       | thumbs and belatedly responds (it's waking up with the export
       | controls on chip manufacturing tech, but it should have done that
       | a decade ago).
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | China thinks in medium term but it gets confused for long term.
         | Authoritarianism is inherently unstable. It looks like long
         | term until you realize their government cannot reliably
         | transition power.
         | 
         | Even with recent measures against China, the U.S. is far more
         | open to China than China is to the U.S.
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | Why should the US instigate trade wars so hard? Why not be pro-
         | free trade as possible (even if it's imbalanced) while
         | investing heavily in their own self-reliance. That sounds more
         | win-win to me than throwing gasoline on the fire when there's
         | little practical self-realiance replacements in the near term
         | without bigger consequences than the alternative.
         | 
         | It's a dangerous game to play without substantial and
         | subsequent investment domestically and among closer partner
         | countries in stuff like manufacturing and mining - ahead of
         | time. Pure competition instead of using bully tactics while
         | only reacting appropriately when the gambles don't play out.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | > should the US instigate trade wars so hard
           | 
           | I'm not suggesting instigation; China has been playing
           | hardball for a long time now.
           | 
           | > without substantial and subsequent investment domestically
           | and among closer partner countries in stuff like
           | manufacturing and mining
           | 
           | this is what China is willing to do but the U.S. isn't (until
           | very recently), which has put the U.S. at a huge disadvantage
        
           | ddoolin wrote:
           | IMO it's because shifting towards self-reliance usually means
           | shifting investment away from international investment and
           | implementing protectionist regulations which are seen as
           | economically hostile towards other states. So perhaps just
           | the act of shifting towards domestic investment and
           | protection will be taken as instigation.
           | 
           | I agree with you, though, and I think the "icing on the cake"
           | instigations are in large part political maneuvers.
        
           | nonethewiser wrote:
           | China had (and still has) higher tariffs on U.S. goods
           | decades ago. They don't respect copyright laws, use tech for
           | spying, and steal technology. How is the US starting a trade
           | war?
        
         | thrashh wrote:
         | A little over 10 years ago, Xi Jinping came into power.
         | 
         | The ship massively changed direction with Xi. He literally made
         | his own term limit forever 5 years ago.
         | 
         | China 10 years before is way different.
        
       | moose_man wrote:
       | "China is estimated to hold an about 84% share of the global
       | market in neodymium magnets and an over 90% interest in samarium
       | cobalt magnets. Japan, meanwhile, has about 15% of the neodymium
       | magnet market and a less-than-10% share of that for samarium
       | cobalt.
       | 
       | If China bans the export of such technologies, it would be
       | difficult for the United States and Europe, which do not
       | traditionally manufacture rare earth magnets, to newly enter the
       | market, thus making those countries totally dependent on China,
       | according to a European source.
       | 
       | Beijing has been investing in facilities to manufacture magnets
       | at low cost through large-scale production, which could lead to
       | Japan losing its market share in the future.
       | 
       | The draft revision says the export ban and restrictions are aimed
       | at protecting "national security" and are in the "public interest
       | of society." Chinese President Xi Jinping's administration has
       | positioned magnets as a key factor in China's economic growth and
       | security."
       | 
       | This is not normal decoupling, we're in a full on economic war.
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | plenty of people have been warning about this for years with
         | regards to the push towards renewable energy and electric cars.
         | China makes 70-80% of the components of solar panels globally.
         | 
         | the idea that manufacturing is somehow low value and "services"
         | are what developed economies should focus on is one of the
         | dumbest concepts in human history. It will take the US decades
         | to rebuild their manufacturing base
        
           | dahwolf wrote:
           | We have similar delusions here in the Netherlands, but we
           | call it the "knowledge economy". The arrogant and misguided
           | idea that us advanced smart people would do the thinking
           | whilst the dummies make the stuff.
           | 
           | Which means you unlearn how to make anything whilst the other
           | party gets ever more advanced at it. And then takes over the
           | thinking too. You end up with a select few Excel managers, a
           | decimated middle class, and a layer of poor local service
           | workers.
           | 
           | The destruction of the middle class in the West has been
           | ongoing for decades now and almost every single problem can
           | be traced back to it.
        
           | red-iron-pine wrote:
           | The top 3 manufacturers in the world are: China (by a lot)
           | then Germany, then the US.
           | 
           | And of them, the US has far, far better access to natural
           | resources (admittedly, having to lean on Canada).
        
             | edgyquant wrote:
             | This is false, the US is second and Japan third
             | 
             | https://www.brookings.edu/research/global-manufacturing-
             | scor...
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | Here's the real issue:
         | 
         | China has been dumping rare earth metals and magnets at
         | ridiculously low prices for decades (and polluting their
         | country). This had the effect of making mining and refining
         | these metals unprofitable in the west (why pay the huge price
         | of pollution when the Chinese will contaminate their ground
         | water below costs?).
         | 
         | This doesn't mean the west can't scale up prospection and
         | innovation to have cleaner ways to make these magnets. There's
         | little to no tech gap the Chinese have over the west.
        
           | akimball wrote:
           | MP Materials is doing this in a big way, in the US.
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | The fact that the US Govt didn't see this as a national
           | security issue and act accordingly (consequently doing
           | something to prop up local industry) is the real problem.
           | 
           | China is playing chess while we're playing checkers.
        
             | throwawaymaths wrote:
             | What? The usg did exactly this.
             | 
             | https://www.defensenews.com/congress/2020/10/01/trump-
             | execut....
             | 
             | Despite how it sounds, the chief difficulty with rare
             | earths is 1) how much of a pain in the ass isolation is,
             | and 2) how much you're willing to tolerate water pollution
             | in the process (or how much $ you're willing to pay to
             | clean up the effluvium).
             | 
             | In the short term a Chinese ban on rare earths just means a
             | hit to the pocketbooks,not a regression to the industrial
             | age. In the long term, it's just accelerating science ->
             | engineering, as there are very good rare earth alternatives
             | in the "late research" phases and even if none of them pan
             | out the methodology to scale up extraction is publically
             | known, and solvable.
        
             | ren_engineer wrote:
             | the difference between having engineers as government
             | leaders versus lawyers. The West is ran by smooth talking
             | lawyers rather than a general sample of the population or
             | subject matter experts
             | 
             | here's a visualization of the change over time, career
             | government employees and lawyers took over and things went
             | downhill in the US at least
             | 
             | https://i.imgur.com/xdWVes2.gif
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | The us tried having an engineer leader, Herbert Hoover.
               | It did not end well.
        
               | ren_engineer wrote:
               | not sure how much you can blame Hoover for the great
               | depression, guy just had bad luck in being president when
               | the entire world economy imploded. The US didn't pull out
               | of it until WWII
        
         | causi wrote:
         | _This is not normal decoupling, we 're in a full on economic
         | war._
         | 
         | In the short term that's terrible. In the long term, pain now
         | will help minimize pain later when China invade Taiwan and US-
         | China trade drops to zero overnight. It's coming sooner or
         | later and the longer you leave your investments in China the
         | more you risk the door slamming shut on your hand.
        
           | nobodyandproud wrote:
           | > It's coming sooner or later and the longer you leave your
           | investments in China the more you risk the door slamming shut
           | on your hand.
           | 
           | Half the US population is asleep. During my undergrad years,
           | I told my professor--then racing to get a foothold in China--
           | that I thought war with China was inevitable.
           | 
           | 15 to 25 years was my projection. He probably thought I was
           | batshit crazy, but here we are.
           | 
           | China's now using shows of military force as well as soft-
           | power projection like CGTN.
           | 
           | Meanwhile we're still struggling to bring back manufacturing
           | capabilities.
           | 
           | If I had the means, I would be lobbying hard for a 30 year
           | plan 5/10/20/30 to revamp our capabilities.
        
             | ChatGTP wrote:
             | The plan is robots and Silicon Valley tech. Free market
             | capitalism is the plan.
             | 
             | That's why so much funding is going into AI and robots
             | lately.
             | 
             | ...yes it's a just a hunch but I believe it!
        
             | medo-bear wrote:
             | about 20 years ago i asked an old commie (proper commie,
             | with portraits of marx engels lenin proudly hung on the
             | wall and a library to show) what he thinks of china. his
             | response stuck with me to this day                  in
             | china you don't have socialism. what you have in china is a
             | market for head-nooses and western capitalists are the main
             | customer. it's absolutely genius!
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | The quote "Capitalists will sell us the rope with which
               | we will hang them." has been attributed to various
               | Marxists over the decades.
        
               | medo-bear wrote:
               | china seems to have put it into praxis
        
             | 35208654 wrote:
             | This has been a popular opinion for a very long time. It
             | even supports a plot point in the movie The Departed
             | (2006):
             | 
             | Oliver Queenan : Microprocessors.
             | 
             | Billy Costigan : Micro what?
             | 
             | Oliver Queenan : Microprocessors. We'll probably be at war
             | with the Chinese in 20-odd years and Costello is selling
             | them military technology. Microprocessors, chips, computer
             | parts. Anybody says anything about anything like that you
             | let us know
        
               | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
               | This has been a trope in scifi since years.
               | 
               | I remember the original Black Ops 2 video game campaign
               | literally built on microprocessors all coming from China.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | I believe this was also a plot point of the (newer) Outer
               | Limits, with drugged up soldiers believing each other to
               | be hostile aliens.
               | 
               | Without the USSR, the US didn't have any other power to
               | serve as a credible enemy.
               | 
               | I'm certainly not some insightful prophet: I can't
               | discount SF playing its part in influencing me; but it
               | also makes sense in the long term (Carthage and Rome;
               | Greece Polis' and Persia...).
               | 
               | Headbutting is inevitable and China clearly was getting
               | stronger even in the 1990s.
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | Where are we exactly? Your prediction has not been proven
             | correct. Even as much as things are escalating, war does
             | not appear imminent nor certain.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | > Where are we exactly? Your prediction has not been
               | proven correct. Even as much as things are escalating,
               | war does not appear imminent nor certain.
               | 
               | We're much closer than we were 20 years ago.
               | 
               | Nobody believed Russia would actually invade Ukraine; nor
               | that Xi would be foolish enough to scare away Taiwan by
               | muscling in on Hong Kong.
               | 
               | Unless the CCP forces Xi out, their hardliners and the
               | middle-kingdom mindset have all but made some level of
               | warfare certain.
        
               | eftychis wrote:
               | I disagree about the Russia Ukraine prediction statements
               | in this discussion.
               | 
               | Nobody wanted to admit a "full blown invasion would
               | happen" is better wording.
               | 
               | Russia invaded and was meddling with Ukraine back in
               | 2014. It invaded Georgia in an actual war back then over
               | the same act.
               | 
               | EU vetoed related action and was preaching that
               | everything is going to be fine because Germany was using
               | all their power to not ruin their profitable trade with
               | Russia.
               | 
               | We have to call things with their own name.
               | 
               | Related to the average Joe's beliefs: they would believe
               | their leaders telling them everything is fine and nothing
               | bad will happen because they want to believe it. No
               | thinking or prediction was involved in any of this.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | > Nobody wanted to admit a "full blown invasion would
               | happen" is better wording.
               | 
               | That's still a spectacular failure in its own right.
               | 
               | It means we're not willing to admit the obvious until it
               | becomes a far bigger problem.
               | 
               | A weakness of a democratic process without the right
               | leaders.
        
               | thrashh wrote:
               | Are you suggesting someone should have pre-emptively
               | invaded Russia after Crimea, thus instead of worrying
               | about a possible full-blown invasion, get it out of the
               | way and just guarantee one?
               | 
               | Because as far as I know, the right people expected
               | something to happen -- there is just the issue of "well,
               | what do you do about it?"
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | > Are you suggesting someone should have pre-emptively
               | invaded Russia after Crimea, thus instead of worrying
               | about a possible full-blown invasion, get it out of the
               | way and just guarantee one?
               | 
               | That's quite a leap of logic there. I think it's enough
               | to recognize that many believed a full invasion wasn't in
               | the cards.
               | 
               | > Because as far as I know, the right people expected
               | something to happen -- there is just the issue of "well,
               | what do you do about it?"
               | 
               | The main issue here is that we let down our guard against
               | hostile leaders and nations. And there still seems to be
               | a a large portion of Western civilization in denial.
               | 
               | But a deadman-switch NATO membership? Prop up their
               | defensive capabilities? Put pressure on Germany with
               | regards to gas and overly cozy relationships with Russia?
               | 
               | Hindsight is easy and I'm sure others have better ideas;
               | that's besides the point.
        
               | thrashh wrote:
               | What are you talking about?
               | 
               | Do you not remember this whole thing? https://en.wikipedi
               | a.org/wiki/United_States_missile_defense_...
               | 
               | Or the talk about nations joining NATO?
               | 
               | Or the discussion about how _because we expect Russia to
               | do something, we actually are not sure about NATO anymore
               | because we don 't want to be obligated to enter in a
               | war_?
               | 
               | Here's an 2021 article about US pressure on Germany to
               | stop the import of more Russian gas before Ukraine
               | happened (2022):
               | https://www.marketplace.org/2021/04/19/germany-under-u-s-
               | pre...
               | 
               | The US did all the things that you are complaining that
               | it didn't do.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Nobody believed Russia would actually invade Ukraine
               | 
               | Plenty of people believed that Russia would launch a
               | major invasion as part of their war with Ukraine launched
               | in 2014. As a general concern it was raised many times by
               | many people during the period after 2014, and that went
               | into overdrive in the months before the actual invasion.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | webkike wrote:
               | Nobody believed Russia would actually invade Ukraine?
               | They've been at war since 2014. A full blown invasion was
               | a legitimate possibility for anyone paying attention
               | since Russia invaded Georgia in 2008
        
               | nirav72 wrote:
               | >Nobody believed Russia would actually invade Ukraine
               | 
               | Who is 'Nobody' in this context? Because most analysis on
               | this since Russia took Crimea in 2014 have predicated
               | that Russia would make further attempts at capturing
               | Ukrainian territory. Even the U.S defense establishment
               | knew this and were preparing the Ukrainians for since
               | 2015.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | Excuse my hyperbole. The better term would be "divided".
               | 
               | https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/qa-what-is-risk-war-
               | bet...
               | 
               | https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/12/3/how-real-is-the-
               | thr...
               | 
               | vs.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/01/us-warns-
               | russi...
               | 
               | for example.
        
               | thrashh wrote:
               | They're just random news sites you're linking though.
               | They're not even political news magazines.
               | 
               | News editors don't enact policy. Who cares what they
               | thinks.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | Gaslighting doesn't work here. I provided my evidence.
               | Show me proof of the contrary.
        
               | thrashh wrote:
               | You didn't provide evidence.
               | 
               | Your argument is that "the government didn't take Russia
               | seriously enough"
               | 
               | Proper evidence would be an study of government officials
               | in power and their position at the time.
               | 
               | It is not 3 hand-picked private industry news articles.
        
               | another_story wrote:
               | I wouldn't say any actions are idncidcating we're closer.
               | There have been numerous conflicts across the strait in
               | the last half century. If the KMT takes control of the
               | presidency in the next election it'll calm down a lot.
        
               | MisterBastahrd wrote:
               | You are making a bunch of statements that virtually
               | nobody who has paid attention to either scenario would
               | agree with.
        
               | nobodyandproud wrote:
               | You believe it was universally accepted in 2021, that
               | Russia would full-scale invade Ukraine?
               | 
               | Because a quick google search will easily disprove that
               | notion.
        
           | sohex wrote:
           | What does China actually stand to gain by invading Taiwan?
           | Any kind of real analysis based in anything other than
           | nationalistic fervor or fear mongering seems to indicate that
           | they're better served by the status quo.
        
             | joecot wrote:
             | The same reason Russia invaded Ukraine even though it made
             | no sense. The same reason Republicans put up Trump even
             | though it made no sense. If you have 0 morals, you can gain
             | a lot of power by riling up your base with empty promises
             | of nationalist glory. But eventually your base expects you
             | put up or shut up, even if it doesn't or never has made
             | sense.
        
             | anonymouskimmer wrote:
             | Possible access to, and control of, most of the world's top
             | chip manufacturing node fabs.
             | 
             | > other than nationalistic fervor
             | 
             | And as you said, this. Jingoism can be used to bolster
             | those in power. I don't know that Xi could use this boost
             | at this point in his career, but as he seems to want to be
             | Chairman-for-life, he may need it eventually.
        
               | akimball wrote:
               | There is no scenario in which PRC invades Taiwan and the
               | taiwanese chip fabs remain intact
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | _Possible access to, and control of, most of the world 's
               | top chip manufacturing node fabs._
               | 
               | They don't know how to run them, maintain them, use them.
               | If they did, they'd have built their own.
               | 
               | Only people help them here. And yet, they still don't
               | have them.
               | 
               | If China invaded tomorrow, just the power loss alone
               | would render those fabs into useless tech, taking months
               | to clean and repair. And they'd still gain nothing, for
               | you can be sure China's tech spies have taken notes,
               | pictures, stolen data, know all they would know, if they
               | seized them in war.
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | They could temporarily deny access to these nodes to
               | other states.
               | 
               | > Only people help them here.
               | 
               | How many Hong Kongers aligned with the party after the
               | preemptive takeover of the Hong Kong government? How many
               | people simply cared more about making a living than
               | fighting for their old political and legal system?
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | Not really. The U.S. really has its blinkers fully on if
               | folks think that controlling the node fabs is a reason
               | for the Chinese invasion. They are not dumbos - they know
               | the foundries will be destroyed immediately.
               | 
               | The reason is simple - China has always considered Taiwan
               | part of China and the U.S. agreed to that position,
               | before it first became "strategic ambiguity" and then it
               | became "Taiwanese Independence" under President Biden.
               | 
               | Judge this honestly: Do you really think a super-power is
               | going to accept a non-friendly island next door to it
               | militarised by an opponent super-power allowing it to
               | project power just on its border ? Do you think the U.S.
               | would accept Chinese military aid to Cuba with the Cubans
               | armed with Chinese weapons and the presence of Chinese
               | troops in Cuba ? If you know an American military
               | officer, ask this question to him and watch him laugh at
               | you. The Chinese would be bombed within 48 hours - hell
               | the ships would be taken out before military supplies
               | even reached Cuba.
               | 
               | The U.S. could afford to play the game of asymmetric
               | dominance because they were the sole super-power after
               | the Cold War. That is no longer true.
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | > U.S. agreed to that position
               | 
               | Yes, but the US never agreed which government would be
               | the sole government of a united China.
               | 
               | > Do you really think a super-power is going to accept a
               | non-friendly island next door to it militarised by an
               | opponent super-power allowing it to project power just on
               | its border ?
               | 
               | This was happening through the entire Cold War between
               | Russia and the US in the Aleutian islands. It's the
               | status quo change of nuclear missiles in Cuba that
               | prompted the Cuban missile crisis, prior to that Russian
               | troops and arms were present in Cuba without any
               | deepening of the conflict.
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | There is no scenario where that is a worthy trade off for
               | the immense costs.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | The cost will be born by other Chinese, not him.
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | Sure there is. The scenario is that you're the decision
               | maker and don't have to personally suffer the immense
               | costs.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | According to whom?
        
             | ramblenode wrote:
             | Most of the answers to this question seem to assume some
             | type of material or geopolitical calculus. The issue is far
             | more cultural.
             | 
             | Begin with the simple observations that reuinfication is
             | popular with mainland Chinese people and party members and
             | that the official position of the PRC since its inception
             | has been that the PRC and ROC are one country. Taiwan's
             | independence is an affront to the perceived authority of
             | the mainland government. Reunifying China after its
             | fracturing under imperialism is a deep cultural ethos.
             | Material concerns are secondary to this.
        
             | rnk wrote:
             | It's nationalistic political ideology. I'm sure the famous
             | Taiwan semiconductor foundries would be destroyed in any
             | invasion. China wants to finally wipe out that resistance
             | to them.
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | Wiping out resistance in Taiwan... by building a swath of
               | new uber-enemies among all of the other surrounding
               | countries.
               | 
               | There's really no positive outcome for taking Taiwan
               | unless in 10-20yrs+ China gets out of their recent
               | economic rut, starts rapidly growing again, and actually
               | starts threatening not only the US but the western
               | hegemony as a whole. Beyond just talking tough and
               | isolating their economy, but by going to the next level
               | of being an economic superpower that could sustain such a
               | blow and build strong partnership with other powerful
               | countries.
               | 
               | Or if other partner countries in SEA, mid east, South
               | America, Africa, India also grow rapidly and become far
               | stronger power players and realign towards China.
        
             | dougmwne wrote:
             | From what I understand, it is an affront to their regime.
             | It's an island of free, prosperous and democratic Chinese
             | people. It's a repudiation of everything the CCP stands
             | for. In a very real sense, Taiwan is not a separate
             | country, but a unconquered territory from the Civil War,
             | the last bastion of the pre-1949 Republic of China, and a
             | symbol of what could have been for all of China.
             | 
             | Sure there are geopolitical reasons as well, but The CCP
             | very much does not want the living proof that they are not
             | necessary to be sitting 100 miles off their coast.
             | 
             | If there were ever a real democratic movement in China it
             | would draw huge cultural inspiration from Taiwan.
        
               | victorbstan wrote:
               | I think ideology plays less of a role than is assumed. I
               | would posture "resources" or access to resources as the
               | definitive driver no matter if the rhetoric is
               | ideological or religious, etc. Taiwan manufactures a lot
               | of electronics that China does not. It has know-how and
               | capital (means of production) of things that are
               | important to China, China cannot manufacture, and USA,
               | Chinas rival, has access to --- and also relies on. It is
               | the queen on the geopolitical chessboard. But it is that
               | because of its "resources".
        
               | nirav72 wrote:
               | > It has know-how and capital (means of production) of
               | things that are important to China
               | 
               | It has the capital. Not the Know-how or expertise. If it
               | did, it wouldn't be stuck manufacturing lower end semi-
               | conductors. In a hypothetical scenario - where China does
               | manage to successfully invade the island, they won't be
               | able to keep the foundries running for long. Because most
               | of the design, IP, machinery and chemicals used in the
               | process are supplied by the U.S and it's allies.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | ajmurmann wrote:
               | > and is also seen as such by the rest of the world
               | 
               | Is this actually true? It seems that most governments
               | accept the formal definition in a diplomatic sense
               | because they want to avoid conflict with China. However,
               | it seems clear that at least most western countries see
               | Taiwan as its own country in practice. From my experience
               | the population of western countries is either surprised
               | to hear that Taiwan isn't supposed to be its own country
               | or see this as some bizarre concession to the power-
               | hungry CCP we make to keep them peaceful.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | > Is this actually true?
               | 
               | Yes. The governments of the world _switched_ recognition
               | from the Republic of China to the People 's Republic of
               | China, and transferred "China's" UN Security Council seat
               | to the PRC.
               | 
               | > However, it seems clear that at least most western
               | countries see Taiwan as its own country in practice.
               | 
               | They maintain informal ties, but not formal diplomatic
               | ties. Even the PRC has informal ties with the ROC.
               | 
               | > surprised to hear that Taiwan isn't supposed to be its
               | own country
               | 
               | It's perhaps surprising, given Taiwan's _de facto_
               | independence, but legally, it 's not that surprising.
               | Taiwan was a part of China, and it's difficult to define
               | a point in time at which it ceased to be so. Both the ROC
               | and PRC agreed that Taiwan was part of China for decades
               | after the end of the civil war. The Taiwanese
               | independence movement, which has become much stronger
               | over the last 20 years, has changed sentiment in Taiwan
               | itself. However, it would be a major step for other
               | countries to decide that Taiwan no longer legally belongs
               | to China.
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | Given it has been so long and they are now so different,
               | why is reunification even necessary at this point? (Other
               | than the CCP wants to control Taiwan based on historical
               | lines)
               | 
               | Why is the CCP so intent on controlling the land of
               | another country? Most people practically consider Taiwan
               | independent, even if the "agreements" around it say
               | something else. They have their own government, flag,
               | military, trade agreements, and more
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | > Why is the CCP so intent on controlling the land of
               | another country?
               | 
               | The way you frame the question already suggests that
               | you're not interested in why China (not just the CCP -
               | this is a broad sentiment inside China) sees things the
               | way it does.
               | 
               | Taiwan is not seen as "another country" in China. It's
               | seen as a Chinese province that is temporarily separated
               | from China due to the civil war. This was also the view
               | of successive Taiwanese governments for decades after the
               | civil war ended, and it shouldn't be surprising that
               | people on the mainland still see it this way.
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | [dead]
        
               | unaindz wrote:
               | > So if both China and Taiwan wanted and want to be
               | united why don't they?
               | 
               | I was gonna ask that but researched a little bit of
               | history first.
               | 
               | So the CCP won the civil war against the government at
               | the time, the PRC, which retreated to Taiwan. What I
               | didn't get is that both governments consider China to
               | include the Taiwan territory, they just don't agree on
               | which is the legitimate government. Please correct me if
               | I'm wrong.
               | 
               | On my foreigner opinion though is too late for uniting
               | china like that because when you split the population for
               | a long enough time the culture will evolve in a different
               | way between those parts.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | godelski wrote:
             | - Shipping[0]: Between China and Taiwan is a very popular
             | shipping lane. Anything that comes from anywhere except the
             | North America likely comes through or near there. This is
             | why they are also interested in Singapore and Indonesia.
             | See the 9-dash line map[1], which shows where they claim
             | control over the seas, and compare that to the shipping map
             | on [0]. I should also reference the Kuril Islands[1.5] as
             | an analogy and a more critical situation between Russian
             | and Japan (Japanese control could lock Russia out, hence
             | their deep concern).
             | 
             | - TSMC: I'm not sure I need to cite the chip wars as
             | there's an article on the front page probably every week
             | and has been so for the last 4 years.
             | 
             | - Territoriality control: It gives them a greater vantage
             | over territories, especially into the ocean. Though
             | reference first point.
             | 
             | - Political: Taiwan and Hong Kong (not so much Macau,
             | considered "resolved") have represented the antithesis to
             | the CCP's way of thinking and propaganda. Xi and the CCP
             | have long been touting the line that democracy is not
             | possible in Asia and specifically in China[2,3,4] noting
             | that "the fruit looks the same but the taste is different."
             | Taiwan specifically demonstrates a counter to their claim
             | that the people can be free AND prosperous at the same
             | time. But so do other surrounding countries, but there's a
             | larger gap and these people see large gaps between cultures
             | where us Westerns may not see any (tensions have long been
             | high between China, Japan, and Korea and they've been
             | warring for centuries. Particularly bad in WW2 btw). I
             | should also note that which ever Chinese leader "passifies
             | the dissenters" will go down in history as doing something
             | that no previous leader could and be a great show of
             | strength. So there's internal politics as well that may be
             | far less important to those of us on the outside.
             | 
             | I'd say these are the major aspects but each one is far
             | deeper than this comment would lead you to believe and
             | there are of course other factors as well.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/home/centerx:115.7
             | /cent...
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine-dash_line
             | 
             | [1.5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuril_Islands_dispute
             | 
             | [2] https://www.reuters.com/article/china-politics-xi-
             | jinping/xi...
             | 
             | [3] https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/31421
             | 30/xi...
             | 
             | [4] (this one responds to [3] but is also funny)
             | https://www.scmp.com/comment/letters/article/3180490/why-
             | xi-...
             | 
             | > The answer to this puzzle might lie in the confusion
             | between two different Chinese expressions which are
             | pronounced exactly the same: "concentration of power" (Ji
             | Quan , or jiquan in pinyin) and "autocracy" (Ji Quan , also
             | pronounced jiquan)... Therefore, "concentration of power",
             | not "autocracies", should be what Xi referred to in his
             | call with Biden.
             | 
             | I think many will even question if the distinction is
             | meaningful here. There is also a link [5] that quotes Xi
             | about how to describe a democracy:
             | 
             | > Whether a country is democratic or not should only be
             | judged by the people of that country, and there is no place
             | for a small number of outsiders to point fingers at this or
             | that
             | 
             | Which again, feels off since his argument would conclude
             | that the DPRK is Democratic and I think few would agree. We
             | have a long history of watching autocracies and dictators
             | refer to their systems as "democratic"
             | 
             | [5] https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/315238
             | 9/xi-...
        
             | mullingitover wrote:
             | One thing I learned recently was that when the Kuomintang
             | fled to Taiwan, they took a vast trove of priceless Chinese
             | antiquities with them. This has long been a sore spot for
             | China, which makes the desire to annex Taiwan not simply a
             | dollars and cents tactical goal but also a matter of
             | national pride.
             | 
             | It's like if we had a right-wing revolution in the US, and
             | the current national government fled to Nova Scotia with
             | the contents of the Smithsonian, the National Archives, and
             | every important museum and library.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | How many priceless Chinese antiquities were destroyed by
               | the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution? They
               | should have taken even more! It's like if we had a
               | radical extremist revolution in the US, and the contents
               | of the Smithsonian, the National Archives, and nearly
               | every important museum and library were all burned
               | because they're too old, oppressive and counter-
               | revolutionary.
        
               | gscott wrote:
               | They did take them and a good thing too. In the cultural
               | revolution the CCP destroyed the priceless Chinese
               | antiquities on the mainland.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Olds
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Totally, and I'm not making any judgment about whether it
               | was right or wrong to take all the antiquities. However,
               | I think the current regime in China has different ideas
               | about the value of these antiquities, and so they're
               | eager to get them back for the sense of legitimacy and
               | connection to China's history that they would bring.
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | Not sure your analogy works, since it's the right that is
               | so insistent on preserving cultural artifacts while the
               | left is the side with people actively destroying them.
               | It's also no coincidence. The CCP did the same thing.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | > the left is the side with people actively destroying
               | them
               | 
               | I was just in Central Park in NYC and there was a huge
               | golden Civil War statue that was completely unmolested,
               | and it's sitting smack in the middle of a very liberal
               | city. General Sherman is very safe from liberals. I'm
               | sure John Brown statues would be as well. Maybe it's not
               | _all_ the cultural artifacts, but only certain ones and
               | the very specific things they represent?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > it's the right that is so insistent on preserving
               | cultural artifacts while the left is the side with people
               | actively destroying them
               | 
               | I dunno, right-wingers seemed just as happy, or more,
               | with the statue of Saddam Hussein being toppled as anyone
               | else.
               | 
               | If you mean _specifically_ monuments to slavery, slavers,
               | and the Confederate States of America, sure, the Right is
               | eager to protect _those_ and the left opposed, but for
               | neither side is that about "cultural artifacts" as a
               | broad class.
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | Im having a hard time approaching this question because
             | it's seems so obvious but it has caused me to think more
             | carefully.
             | 
             | The obvious response is because they want to overthrow the
             | government and govern it themselves. But to be more
             | specific, they want the capacity to have a military
             | presence on Taiwan, levy taxes, control trade, and
             | legislate, police, people and businesses of Taiwan. All of
             | these things help the CCP and in same ways China in general
             | (although killing an ethnically Chinese Democracy isn't
             | actually doing any Chinese people favors).
             | 
             | Beyond this, more broadly they want to continue conquering
             | and project power. Taiwan is their most important claim at
             | the moment but it's neither their first nor last. Next most
             | obvious target is parts of Siberia and perhaps southeast
             | Asian countries.
        
             | majormajor wrote:
             | The leadership of China are happy to answer that question
             | for you. You may want to reject those reasons, but I think
             | it's dangerous to substitute your own reasoning for theirs:
             | you risk having the significant differences in your
             | worldview causing massive blindspots about what "real
             | analysis" would mean to them. People said the same stuff
             | about whether or not they'd start to take more direct
             | control of Hong Kong early.
             | 
             | Similarly, it feels like the "Trump is just saying that for
             | PR, he would stop doing and saying crazy stuff if he wins
             | the election" 2016 discourse. Sometimes you should believe
             | people when they say what they're gonna do. (See also:
             | overturning Roe v Wade, a core idea of Republican discourse
             | for decades.) Or "what does the US gain from invading
             | Afghanistan and Iraq in real terms, other than just
             | satisfying some loud calls for arbitrary blood?"
        
             | CountSessine wrote:
             | Certainty.
             | 
             | The CCP has (right or wrong) declared that Taiwan is an
             | inviolable part of China and a rogue province. That means
             | that if Taiwan were to declare independence and succeed, it
             | would be a signal failure for the CCP - a gross loss of
             | face. The party's legitimacy (always a complicated thing
             | for an authoritarian state) would be threatened by the
             | demonstration of weakness.
             | 
             | Taiwanese independence is the CCP's soft and fleshy
             | underbelly. Bringing Taiwan under Beijing's control
             | eliminates the uncertainty that comes from that political
             | vulnerability.
        
             | MrPatan wrote:
             | Now do Russia and Ukraine
        
             | clouddrover wrote:
             | > _they 're better served by the status quo_
             | 
             | Russia was better served by the status quo but they went
             | ahead and invaded Ukraine.
             | 
             | Xi Jinping is feeling his age (just like Putin). Xi Jinping
             | sees the mere existence of Taiwan as an independent state
             | as an historical wrong (like Putin). Xi Jinping wants to be
             | the one what got Taiwan, he wants it to be his legacy
             | (again, just like Putin).
             | 
             | A Chinese invasion of Taiwan won't be a strategic choice or
             | even a rational choice. It's an emotional choice.
        
             | zsz wrote:
             | The Pacific, for one, meaning control of shipping lanes--
             | and with these, economic/political leverage over Japan
             | (which, as internal PLA documents for senior staff have
             | already revealed, they intend to put to full use). Right
             | now, China is boxed in from all sides by mostly U.S. allied
             | countries, so breaking the "First Island Chain"
             | encirclement is in reality a much bigger deal than the
             | semiconductor industry, especially in the long term.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Who do they plan to ship to using their newly-conquered
               | shipping lanes, exactly?
               | 
               | They will find that the rest of the civilized world can
               | say "No" to China, just as it has to Russia.
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | > They will find that the rest of the civilized world can
               | say "No" to China, just as it has to Russia.
               | 
               | Umm...except for US+EU, no one is saying No to Russian
               | oil and other exports. Of-course, you are free to
               | consider that the "rest of the civilized world" in your
               | mind.
        
               | creato wrote:
               | Russia is getting $52/barrel for oil. Other producers are
               | getting $80-85/barrel.
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | Why wouldnt they, if they could, send the navy to secure
               | Japanese islands they insist are theirs?
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Other authoritarian regimes. Autocrats gotta stick
               | together. Besides, international sanctions don't last
               | forever. Give it a decade and maybe everyone forgets.
               | China is a gigantic market and that's a lot of political
               | pressure. It's not a tiny island nation like Cuba.
        
               | localplume wrote:
               | [dead]
        
             | eu wrote:
             | What does Russia stand to gain by invading Ukraine?!
        
               | ajmurmann wrote:
               | Several things:
               | 
               | * Ukraine historically had been their bread basket
               | 
               | * It's one of several hard to defend routes into Russia.
               | Russia needs Ukraine as a buffer.
               | 
               | * Eastern Ukraine has lots of mining and industry Russia
               | needs that were critical to the UDSSR economy as well.
        
             | causi wrote:
             | China the nation stands to gain nothing. Chairman Xi stands
             | to gain, or rather _keep_ , a tremendous amount of power.
             | Taiwan as an independent country flies in the face of party
             | propaganda and official PRC policy.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | This. Xi has made annexing Taiwan, essentially, a test of
               | the CCP's legitimacy as ruler of China. If he fails, it's
               | a huge loss of face, for him personally and for the CCP
               | as a whole. Whether their power would survive that loss
               | of face is not something they want to experimentally
               | determine.
        
               | m3kw9 wrote:
               | This is why is a long while before anything happens, they
               | need to plan for every sanction, unlike russia, they seem
               | to weather it ok, but it's not very ok
        
             | HDThoreaun wrote:
             | China is worried about being blockaded, which is a large
             | threat due to their reliance on middle eastern oil. The
             | status quo makes it relatively easy for the American navy
             | to completely encircle their shores, but without Taiwan
             | that strategy breaks down.
        
               | akimball wrote:
               | Not really. You just blockade Taiwan. Move the circle out
               | a little bit.
               | 
               | Moreover, attacking Taiwan guarantees that a blockade
               | will occur.
               | 
               | Besides which, Taiwan probably has nukes inside the PRC.
               | If not they are dumber than dirt.
        
             | lenkite wrote:
             | They have _always_ considered Taiwan part of China. The US
             | even agreed and signed a treaty regarding that.
             | 
             | The United States' One-China policy was first stated in the
             | Shanghai Communique of 1972: "the United States
             | acknowledges that Chinese on either side of the Taiwan
             | Strait maintain there is but one China and that Taiwan is a
             | part of China.
             | 
             | Since then, the US devolved first to strategic ambiguity
             | and then recently to supporting Taiwanese Independence in
             | the Biden Era. The Chinese are not going to take it lying
             | down. Nationalism matters a lot to Chinese - if you think
             | this is simply a Xi endeavour, you are sadly, sadly
             | mistaken. Even if Xi died today, the vast majority of the
             | high command will decide to carry forth.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, War is generally a snowballing, self-
             | fulfilling prophecy. Since the U.S. has now gained access
             | to four new Philippine bases, China will be forced to
             | respond as well. The game of escalation will continue until
             | the final pin drops.
             | 
             | Personally, I really don't think super-powers should be
             | stubborn. There should be new negotiations and there should
             | b e a revised Shanghai Communique. China is unlikely to
             | accept an fully independent island so close to their border
             | though and will want some control over Taiwanese
             | governance. Its too much of a threat to them otherwise.
             | 
             | If you think the position un-reasonable, turn the situation
             | around and judge the way the U.S. treats Cuba - strong-
             | armed and watched over by the Guantanamo Bay military base
             | and sanctioned to death and you might get an idea of what
             | China's starting negotiation position will likely to be.
        
               | gscott wrote:
               | Taiwan's output of chips requires inputs from the rest of
               | the world including Japan. At this time it doesn't make
               | sense for china to cut out it's main source of high tech
               | chips. It could make sense later if China had its own
               | supply of chips and could cut out Taiwan altogether.
               | China is pushing hard to make their own non-liberal order
               | but China also depends on exports. Also China's political
               | system is based upon absolute control over everything a
               | person does. It will be messy implementing that onto
               | people who already fought against it so there will be a
               | lot of killings, disappearing people, and the usual China
               | stuff broadcast all of time. Will be a bad look, not
               | great to throw that in the face of people you need to
               | export goods to.
               | 
               | We have no political control in Cuba even though we did
               | take a portion of the island.
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | > We have no political control in Cuba even though we did
               | take a portion of the island.
               | 
               | I think the Chinese will be _extremely_ happy with a
               | similar arrangement. Taiwanese government can continue,
               | there will just be a nice, big military base right next
               | door keeping an eye.
               | 
               | I am sure all those folks captured and tortured in
               | Guantanamo Bay in "independent" Cuba were very happy with
               | the level of control the U.S. applied there. Something
               | that would have still been hidden and a state secret if
               | not for Wikileaks. But the guy who leaked it has now been
               | made to pay for it and is now imprisoned and in
               | isolation.
        
               | gscott wrote:
               | Sometimes a country puts people into work camps for
               | holding up a blank piece of paper, sometimes not.
        
             | John23832 wrote:
             | Breaking the first island chain, which is a line of US
             | military hardware at their front door.
             | 
             | This allows them military access to the pacific, which they
             | don't have now.
        
             | throwawaymaths wrote:
             | This is the wrong question. The right question is: what
             | does the leader of china gain by ordering an invasion of
             | Taiwan?
        
               | ramblenode wrote:
               | This framing is incorrect. The official position of the
               | PRC since its inception has been that Taiwan and the
               | mainland are the same country. Reunification was always
               | the plan of the CCP. Reuinification remains popular in
               | the mainland. While few Taiwanese desire full
               | reuinfication, a similarly small percent want to formally
               | declare independence, indicating that both sides still
               | see themselves as part of an abstract Chinese cultural
               | nation.
               | 
               | https://www.newsweek.com/taiwan-china-politics-identity-
               | inde...
        
               | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
               | If I were him, I'd prefer the status quo. Invading Taiwan
               | is not a 100% success guarantee and surely Xi doesn't
               | want to end up like Putin in Ukraine. Even a (military)
               | success would threaten his rule, simply by the economical
               | consequences. That's a lot of risks for very little
               | rewards. But who knows ... we can just hope for the sake
               | of all of us, that the Chinese have better intelligence
               | and better risk assessment than the Russians had.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | I think you have the causality backwards. When the
               | economic reality looks bleak, a patriotic war is always a
               | way to distract people.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | The Chinese government does, at present, strongly favor
               | the status quo.
               | 
               | However, it's becoming increasingly clear that the US is
               | shifting away from the One China policy. That shift is
               | deeply alarming the Chinese government. There doesn't
               | seem to be anyone in American politics who is capable of
               | pressing the breaks, slowing down the drive towards
               | confrontation, and reengaging in real diplomacy with
               | China.
               | 
               | In the end, the belief in the US that there will be a
               | show-down over Taiwan is likely to become a self-
               | fulfilling prophecy.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | So if China invades Taiwan, it's Americas fault really?
               | 
               | Ridiculous.
        
             | richardw wrote:
             | Own more parts of the tech chip industry it doesn't
             | already? It would instantly have even more massive leverage
             | internationally.
        
               | akimball wrote:
               | Taiwanese fabs would become rubble in the event of an
               | invasion.
        
               | Maursault wrote:
               | > Own more parts of the tech chip industry it doesn't
               | already? It would instantly have even more massive
               | leverage internationally.
               | 
               | Actually, it would gain China only anything other than
               | this.                    If China were to invade Taiwan,
               | the most-advanced chip factory in the world would be
               | rendered "not operable," TSMC Chair Mark Liu said[1]
               | 
               | And "non operability" might be the least of TSMC's
               | worries.[2]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/02/apple-chipmaker-tsmc-
               | warns-t...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.phonearena.com/news/if-china-invades-
               | taiwan-us-c...
        
             | exmicrosoldier wrote:
             | from wikipedia: Territorial sea, as defined by the 1982
             | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,[2] is a
             | belt of coastal waters extending at most 12 nautical miles
             | (22 km; 14 mi) from the baseline (usually the mean low-
             | water mark) of a coastal state. The territorial sea is
             | regarded as the sovereign territory of the state
             | 
             | I would guess that there's oil or shipping lanes or
             | aircraft bases that they would want.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | And fish.
        
             | decafninja wrote:
             | Face.
             | 
             | As an East Asian myself, the amount of stupidity that goes
             | on in all of the East Asian countries at all levels because
             | of "face" is astounding.
             | 
             | Call it "honor" or "nationalism" or "XXX Pride" -
             | ultimately all the same thing.
        
               | meowtimemania wrote:
               | What do you mean by "Face"?
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202204/19/WS625e030ba3
               | 10f...
        
               | another_story wrote:
               | Face is used to rile the public, but it's rarely the
               | motivation of those calling the shots. If face were at
               | play Xi wouldn't have suddenly opened up with covid,
               | backed down after threats when Pelosi visited, or let the
               | Diaoyu Island situation go.
               | 
               | In China tens of millions watched the live stream
               | Pelosi's plane flying to Taiwan, expectantly waiting for
               | it to be shot out of the air like their leadership
               | insinuated. Those people believe in face saving efforts,
               | while those in charge buy homes in Japan and send their
               | children to American universities.
        
               | tomcam wrote:
               | This is the answer. It is so simple and yet so alien to
               | the west that it simply doesn't register in most people's
               | minds.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | US bans technology exports for certain things too. Try and
         | export a reactor design. Recently, we are seeing more
         | investment in semiconductor manufacturing and other electronic
         | away from China. China is not just going to sit back if they
         | have an opportunity to secure their position in this industry.
         | This action shouldn't be surprising. Expect more attempts at
         | protectionism as different industries attempt to diversify
         | manufacturing out of China, not China to just well up and take
         | the massive economic hit that this would mean for them.
        
         | f6v wrote:
         | > This is not normal decoupling, we're in a full on economic
         | war.
         | 
         | I can see this as a response to USA banning China from
         | accessing top chip technologies.
        
           | red-iron-pine wrote:
           | A decade or two too late, IMO. They haven't, nor ever likely
           | will, respect IP yet believe the rest of the world will
           | respect theirs.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | It's a little similar to the early history of the USA
             | actually, there was a LOT of infringement of British and
             | European patents in the early years. Only later, after
             | significant economic development, did the US become an
             | intellectual property powerhouse.
        
         | downrightmike wrote:
         | Didn't we just learn how to make magnets in a novel way without
         | rare earth? Yes, yes we did:
         | https://hackaday.com/2022/09/01/iron-nitrides-powerful-magne...
        
           | dgoodell wrote:
           | I don't think that's a commercial product yet, still on the
           | tech development phase. It may not pan out.
           | 
           | I asked for some samples a while ago so we could test them
           | out in our magnet lab here at NASA GRC but I haven't heard
           | anything back yet.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | I don't understand why you need quotes for national security.
         | 
         | Anybody who has seen Trump's ,,China China China'' video knew
         | that relations between the US and China have significantly
         | shifted towards being less friendly with eachother.
         | 
         | Banning rare earth magnets is terrible for cleaning up the
         | earth, but after the chip ban that US is pushing so hard, China
         | has to answer :(
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gtvwill wrote:
         | That moment when a bunch of first world nations are about to
         | realise defense involves more than just troops on the ground.
         | You gotta be able to build everything that enables them being
         | on the ground else rip.
         | 
         | Tbh from a risk point it astounds me the defence sector over
         | the last 30 years with the oodles of money poured into it have
         | failed so heavily at protecting nation state positions. We have
         | traditionally wealthy stable nations states being crumpled by
         | some trade deals. Lol imagine propping your entire way of life
         | up based on the agreement with your competition thay they will
         | fuel your success and requirements.... Comes across as pure
         | madness from anyone with the slightest hint of risk aversion
         | when you take a step back and look at it.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | We've been in Cold War 2 for a while. It's hard to see the
         | other two options as better alternatives. (hot war &
         | capitulation)
         | 
         | The West learned a lot during the first cold war and will
         | outlast. Authoritarianism has a problem with corruption and not
         | telling the leader the truth of reality.
        
           | abudabi123 wrote:
           | Time will tell. We live interesting times.
        
           | nivenkos wrote:
           | Sadly, the West is looking more and more authoritarian
           | though.
        
             | dathinab wrote:
             | yes but still far far less then china
             | 
             | its just you hear about all the problems from the west
             | 
             | you mainly only hear about problems from China when they
             | are in context of the west, china is enacting a lot of
             | pressure and tricks to greatly reduce negative reporting
             | about it especially about china's inner politics. Most
             | western people speaking English but but Mandarin helps then
             | there too.
        
             | SllX wrote:
             | If this is true, you should substantiate this claim. More
             | authoritarian compared to when? 1789? 1919? 1933? 1945?
             | 1951? 1962? 1974? 1989? 2007? 2019?
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | Comparatively to before 911 for sure
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Just prior to 9/11 or are you talking about the period
               | between 1989 and 9/11?
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | I see it with my own eyes that after 9/11 things are
               | getting worse. Not sure how it is not clear from my
               | previous answer
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | That users point is that the first half of the Cold War
               | was way more authoritarian and so pre-9/11 is not a
               | benchmark in itself
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Sure! I don't necessarily disagree, but what is your
               | point of reference? If September 11th 2001 was the end of
               | an era, what was the starting point of that era? The fall
               | of the Berlin Wall? Something else? Was the period before
               | that starting point more or less authoritarian than
               | today?
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | I'm not sure you are old enough to remember but at one
               | point a _progressive_ president was aligned with the ku
               | klux klan and put a dissenting socialist journalist in
               | jail.... Just because.
               | 
               | Not too long after (different president), shops were
               | required to put emblems in their window showing they
               | supported the regime's economic plan.
        
             | augment001 wrote:
             | Unfortunately so, but by comparison to China it has a very
             | long way to go.
        
               | aarreedd wrote:
               | This comment was marked as "dead" for couple minutes.
               | Visible again now. I was about to ask why.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | Easy for HN snowflakes to brigade new users.
        
               | akiselev wrote:
               | Likely registered via VPN or Tor.
        
               | drekk wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | throwaway6734 wrote:
               | What country do you reside in?
        
               | ren_engineer wrote:
               | >Remind us the last time China invaded a country as
               | "liberators"
               | 
               | Tibet, Korea, Vietnam, Hong Kong? And constantly abusing
               | other nations territorial waters for fishing and general
               | intimidation
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | In the US, the people can force change through protests
               | and elections. What options do the Uyghurs or Chinese
               | people have?
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Do you want a real answer to this, or one that self-
               | congratulates us, by playing to our biases and cultural
               | myths, and generally poor understanding of how societies
               | work?
               | 
               | The same options that any people have. Soft power. Every
               | government, be it formally representative or not, multi-
               | party or dual-party, or single-party is ultimately only
               | able to govern with the consent of the governed. There
               | are always levers for people to push, and they do, and
               | sometimes government responds and sometimes it does not,
               | and this happens in _every_ country.
               | 
               | China has in most ways a worse system for responding to
               | these demands than a system of fair elections, but it
               | does have a system. Its leaders steer public opinion, but
               | have to, in turn, also be steered by it - because their
               | mandate doesn't come from a 4-year election (where they
               | can do whatever the hell they want in the intervening
               | years), it comes from a fear that unpopular dictators end
               | up swinging from lamp posts (while unpopular elected
               | representatives end up, at worst, in retirement).
               | 
               | And even a system of fair elections will not protect a
               | repressed minority that everyone wants to crap on.
               | African or native Americans can protest and vote[1] all
               | they want, but if the political zeitgeist sees them as a
               | second-class minority, elections and getting tear-gassed
               | and shot in the face with rubber-coated bullets isn't
               | something that's going to bring about meaningful change.
               | Meaningful change will only happen when they convince the
               | people who hold political capital that they need to be
               | treated like human beings. That doesn't happen at the
               | polls, that happens through culture. There's a reason why
               | the American right has declared a war against 'wokeness',
               | and 'crt', and is trying to convince anyone that will
               | listen that it is actually the underdog, the victim of
               | unparalleled historic repression. It's not afraid of
               | losing the culture war at the polls[2], it's afraid of
               | losing the culture war in people's minds. The loss at the
               | polls comes after.
               | 
               | [1] Well, at least, in states that don't actively try to
               | suppress and disenfranchise them.
               | 
               | [2] Well, it is, hence gerrymandering, voter suppression,
               | and all the rest.
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | There is a lot of bias and emotion to unpack from your
               | comment. It's not like one side is more manipulative than
               | the other in the US, both are equally guilty of this,
               | it's part of politics in a democracy, especially given
               | the hyper-media. The "wokeness" movement went to far and
               | we as a country are now self correcting, not the first
               | time it happened, last time it was called PC for short.
               | And it's not just a "right" side issue, many of us left
               | leaning also feel it went too far, to the point that the
               | DEI initiatives violate out equality rules by encouraging
               | preference for some groups over others. It's a fallacy to
               | think your team is right and has all the correct answers.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | You've entirely missed the point that I'm making - which
               | is that elections are in themselves not sufficient to
               | address a minority concern (In the US[1], because of the
               | particularly perverse mechanism for districting, the
               | electoral college, and disproportionate regional
               | representation, they often aren't even sufficient to
               | address a _majority_ concern[2]!). By definition, a
               | minority is going to be marginalized in a representative
               | system.
               | 
               | Mindshare of the majority is the real battleground, and
               | mindshare is just as relevant in China as it is here, and
               | it's _why_ mindshare is fought over so bitterly across
               | the world.
               | 
               | You ask how politically weak minorities in China can get
               | what they want, I point an answer that, for contrast,
               | provides a litany of ways for how politically weak
               | minorities in the US can't get what they want, and you
               | accuse me of being biased and political. I can only
               | assume that the problems of how minority rights can be
               | asserted in practice in the two systems wasn't _actually_
               | what we were interested in discussing?
               | 
               | 'We have elections' isn't a conversation-terminator. It's
               | a conversation-opener, because it isn't actually the
               | trump card that you think it is.
               | 
               | [1] And in other countries, but usually for other
               | reasons.
               | 
               | [2] And I'm not talking about normal parliamentary checks
               | and balances that allow a minority to hold legislature in
               | stasis. That's to be expected from any political system
               | that requires a more-than-50% consensus in order to
               | deviate from the status quo. [3] I'm talking about a
               | minority actually managing to impose its will, through
               | _new_ legislature, against a majority.
               | 
               | [3] Which is often a desirable requirement.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | > We're not even a few years removed from protestors
               | against police brutality in the US being whisked away in
               | unmarked vans by people not in uniform.
               | 
               | Maybe you don't know this so I'll give you the benefit of
               | the doubt, but those were Federal law enforcement--who
               | don't tend to drive around in patrol-cop livery--
               | detaining and arresting people suspected of setting a
               | courthouse on fire.
               | 
               | You can peacefully protest outside of a courthouse, or
               | you can riot, but if you riot then yes, you should be
               | detained, arrested, charged and prosecuted for your
               | offenses. That same courthouse has been trespassed,
               | vandalized, barricaded and been set on fire multiple
               | times between 2020 and 2021.
        
               | augment001 wrote:
               | > The US imprisons more of its own citizens per capita
               | and in absolute terms than an "authoritarian" nation-
               | state 4x its population.
               | 
               | This is often raised as some kind of trump card, but it
               | of course completely ignores the Chinese system of
               | executions, and the ability of the Chinese state to
               | sentence someone to a lifetime of poverty without even a
               | trial.
               | 
               | If you want to claim that the US criminal justice system
               | has problems compared to the richer parts of Europe,
               | you'd be right, but it's laughable to make this claim
               | with regards to China.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | >"The West learned a lot during the first cold war and will
           | outlast."
           | 
           | During the CWI (ha I just coined the new Cold War I term) we
           | did not get hi-tech stuff from the opponent. In CWII we are
           | not that lucky and have no immediate replacement for many
           | things. I am afraid if this thing really gets up to speed we
           | a heading for disaster. That the other side suffers as well
           | or even worse is no consolation.
        
             | edgyquant wrote:
             | What high tech stuff do we get from China?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | imp0cat wrote:
               | Mostly Apple stuff, probably?
        
         | outside1234 wrote:
         | But this market share is because we aren't mining them in other
         | countries
         | 
         | So it is a clear sign that we need to start mining them
        
         | albertopv wrote:
         | China is a net exporter to EU, let's ban all chinese goods and
         | let's see, short term pain for long term gain.
        
         | baq wrote:
         | This and some other export bans happen and we're looking at 10%
         | fed funds rate. Supply chains are in shambles already.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | The bigger story is the recent push to settle trade in Yuan
         | instead of USD.
         | 
         | BRICS [1] , Saudi Arabia [2], many South American [3] and ASEAN
         | countries [4], (and even France [5]!) have signed on to do
         | Yuan-based settlement.
         | 
         | This is the strongest concerted effort to kill the petrodollar
         | and Bretton Woods. It would have devasting impact to the US
         | economy if this trend continues.
         | 
         | The US economy and our special ability to buy cheap goods have
         | relied upon the world buying up US dollars. The sheer amount of
         | investment in the US is a direct consequence of the dollar's
         | elevated status.
         | 
         | This is pushback to US Swift-based sanctions and hegemony and
         | an acceleration to multi-polar power. Several counties have
         | wanted this for a long time, but the Ukraine war and tensions
         | with China have accelerated this.
         | 
         | This is a big deal with titanic, earth shaking consequences for
         | the US and the West. It could lead to incredible inflation and
         | an economic depression if the world stops buying up dollars.
         | 
         | This is pretty horrifying to watch unfold so quickly.
         | 
         | It's hard not to see all of the chess pieces moving. There is a
         | huge game being played right now -- in the open, for all to see
         | -- that will determine the balance of power for the remainder
         | of the century.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-03-28/o-neill-u...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.wsj.com/articles/saudi-arabia-considers-
         | acceptin...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-
         | economy/article/3215857/c...
         | 
         | [4] https://www.manilatimes.net/2023/04/06/business/foreign-
         | busi...
         | 
         | [5] https://www.rfi.fr/en/business/20230331-petrodollar-under-
         | th...
        
           | zen_1 wrote:
           | Gaddafi would be happy.
        
             | slaw wrote:
             | Being an early adopter was not a healthy choice for him.
        
               | zen_1 wrote:
               | Shouldn't have messed with the petrodollar
        
           | causi wrote:
           | I have doubts China is suddenly going to decide to stop its
           | extreme currency manipulation. The question is how quickly it
           | will bite the countries trading in it.
        
             | throwawaymaths wrote:
             | Let's not fool ourselves, the USD is a shitty reserve
             | currency.
             | 
             | But: It's amazing that otherwise smart people don't
             | understand that china manipulates their currency worse than
             | the US. How do people think that the evergrande crisis just
             | disappeared? Magical econ dust?
             | 
             | I don't doubt that corrupt regimes can be bought off to the
             | yuan, but it's hard to imagine seeing that going well for
             | them:. USD M2:GDP hovers around 1, RMB M2:GDP is currently
             | around 2.
             | 
             | Even worse, RMB has extreme capital controls. It's
             | difficult for individuals to get RMB out of PRC, because
             | the regime is terrified of capital flight. It's hard to
             | predict what effect this would have on a reserve currency.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | They are putting forwards a proposal for bilateral trade
             | (and have proposed a dynamic basket of currencies as a
             | reserve previously). The alternative being explored is not
             | a 1-1 replacement of the USD with the Yuan.
             | 
             | Additionally, from the perspective of much of the world,
             | the US has been engaging in pretty sizeable currency
             | manipulation in the past 3 years.
        
             | eric-hu wrote:
             | There's nothing sudden about what China's been doing with
             | its trade surplus. In the aughts they were spending most of
             | it on US treasuries. After the great financial crisis they
             | began tapering their purchases and shifting to a basket of
             | other currencies. In the mid 2010's they started the belt
             | and road initiative to turn trade surplus into loans and
             | infrastructure in foreign countries. It's been at least 15
             | years of them pulling away from the tight coupling they had
             | with USD.
        
           | elihu wrote:
           | Bretton Woods officially ending in 1976, and was effectively
           | killed in 1971 by Nixon when he ended the convertibility of
           | dollars to gold.
        
           | xiphias2 wrote:
           | > This is the strongest concerted effort to kill the
           | petrodollar and Bretton Woods. It would have devasting impact
           | to the US economy if this trend continues.
           | 
           | It's a 100 year long trend that started with the 1933 gold
           | ban in US, later Bretton Woods, decreasing US global bond
           | portfolio recently, and the Russian central bank asset
           | freezing.
           | 
           | Personally I think that defaulting on Russia was a bigger
           | deal than the Yuan bond trade, as it created a precedent for
           | not paying for countries that US not even officially in war.
           | 
           | What's important is neighter to overreact nor underreact:
           | this is a long process in which USD is losing its reserve
           | currency status.
           | 
           | Personally I believe Bitcoin will be taking its place, but I
           | know that that is a controversial statement.
        
             | delfinom wrote:
             | Bitcoin, utterly worthless the moment rockets start flying
             | and knocking out internet infrastructure
        
               | antibasilisk wrote:
               | Bitcoin doesn't rely on the internet, it's a nice to
               | have.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | In a world without internet, your paper wallet will be
               | worth ~as much as my D&D character's inventory sheet. And
               | probably less, because at least the character sheet is
               | big enough that I can make a paper airplane out of it.
        
               | antibasilisk wrote:
               | Why's that?
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Because without a working network, it becomes impossible
               | to actually use it as currency. At least bars of gold, or
               | gold-coated tungsten, or pirate treasure, or papiermarks
               | or dollars or lottery scratchers or bottlecaps can
               | physically change hands in exchange for goods.
        
               | antibasilisk wrote:
               | A postal network is enough of a network
        
               | akimball wrote:
               | If the internet stops working, you will have bigger
               | problems than money.
        
           | Proven wrote:
           | [dead]
        
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