[HN Gopher] NASA validates revolutionary propulsion design for d...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       NASA validates revolutionary propulsion design for deep space
       missions
        
       Author : mpweiher
       Score  : 88 points
       Date   : 2023-04-01 18:35 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nasa.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nasa.gov)
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | It reads, sounds, and looks _really cool_.
       | 
       | We live in interesting times.
        
       | out_of_protocol wrote:
       | Anybody know what Specific impulse we are talking about?
       | According to wikipedia, current values for rockets are around
       | 300s
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | Not sure the relationship, but they say 600PSI chamber
         | pressure, or about 20 bar. Spacex is push 200 to 300 bar
         | pressures. I would think this means they're currently at a low
         | ISP. The challenge with RDEs has been keeping them lit, I e.
         | Keeping the detonation wave going indefinitely. Once that's
         | done they can work of efficiency. Seems like they're at that
         | point now.
        
           | wolfram74 wrote:
           | Pressure can tell you about thrust, but I don't think its as
           | strongly linked to specific impulse. However looking at the
           | wiki article on the RS25 which is pretty high up there being
           | a hydrolox engine, I see it's also got a chamber pressure in
           | the 200+ bar range.
        
         | sounds wrote:
         | This was a smaller prototype. Unless they release a theoretical
         | Isp model for scaling up the engine (which, would we believe
         | them if they did?) we can't know for certain yet.
        
       | vanattab wrote:
       | In the theoretical limit how much improvement in efficiency could
       | such engines provide?
        
         | mdorazio wrote:
         | Up to 25% improvement compared to conventional rocket engines
         | according to the Wikipedia page. I haven't found an actual ISP
         | measurement for this NASA engine, though.
        
           | kossTKR wrote:
           | 25% sounds super disappointing from a laymans perspective and
           | not very "revolutionary" in the grand scheme of time and
           | space.
           | 
           | Can't wait until AI will be able to iterate advanced
           | engineering designs in simulation space at incredible speed.
        
             | goawaythrwaway wrote:
             | This is the most HN-circa-2023 comment of all time
        
             | grogenaut wrote:
             | From 10% to 35% is a 25% improvement, you're still at
             | 35%... From 70 to 95% is a 25% improvement, but it's a lot
             | more. Going from 98 to 99% is only 1% but also like really
             | a 10x improvment.
             | 
             | Rockets are operating at pretty decent efficiency, 25%
             | improvment on an internal combusion engine would be mind
             | blowing and make EVs way less interetsting.
             | 
             | There are theoretical maximum efficencies for various types
             | of engines due to thermodynamics. You always lose energy to
             | heat. Entropy is a b**.
        
               | Lichtso wrote:
               | Technically, from 10% of something to 35% of something is
               | a 350% improvement or a 25 percent _point_ improvement.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | yes but people often conflate/confuse that... saying the
               | delta in %'s... not % improvement. I agree with you, I'm
               | attempting to point out how a small % increase is a huge
               | actual improvement. This GP was saying that a 25%
               | improvment in the efficiency of a rocket engine was not
               | much to a layman.
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | Actually, from 10% of something to 35% of something is a
               | 250% improvement. You already had the first 10%.
        
             | dotnet00 wrote:
             | Simulations aren't really the limiter on engine efficiency,
             | SpaceX etc already lean heavily on simulations.
             | 
             | The limiters on engine efficiency at this point are mostly
             | materials and costs, and even the latter are coming down
             | with better fuels (eg Methane, which is extremely popular
             | with rockets debuting this decade) and different design
             | philosophies (eg SpaceX's Raptor engine, which is
             | supposedly under $1M per engine while being the most
             | advanced flight tested rocket engine out there).
        
             | Tommstein wrote:
             | Agree that 25% doesn't sound very exciting or
             | revolutionary, but computers have been used to design
             | space-related stuff for a while, for example,
             | https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/TECHNOLOGY/antenna.html .
             | I would be surprised if no one had tried it with propulsion
             | systems yet.
        
           | messe wrote:
           | Is that a 25% improvement in ISP/exhaust velocity or another
           | metric?
        
             | drtgh wrote:
             | It seems that 25% paragraph on wikipedia cites a non-
             | technical article[1] from 2018:
             | "Theoretical calculations have shown that detonation
             | combustion is 25% more efficient than the isobaric
             | combustion cycle, which corresponds to constant-pressure
             | combustion, which is implemented in the chambers of of
             | modern liquid propulsion engines."
             | 
             | From another article[2] of the same year:
             | "Conservatively speaking, a rotating detonation combustor,
             | or RDC, should reduce specific fuel consumption by about 5%
             | compared to a conventional engine. This measure of fuel
             | efficiency is calculated by dividing fuel consumption by
             | power output. A rotating detonation engine generates more
             | power, which drives down specific fuel consumption. A
             | reduction on the order of 5 percent would be a
             | breakthrough, given that designers of conventional engines
             | "try to eke out fractions of a percent," says Scott
             | Claflin, director of advanced concepts at the Rocket Shop,
             | Aerojet Rocketdyne's innovation organization."
             | 
             | [1] https://rg.ru/2018/01/18/levochkin-vozmozhnost-
             | sozdaniia-det...
             | 
             | [2]
             | https://aerospaceamerica.aiaa.org/departments/increasing-
             | eng...
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > that 25% paragraph on wikipedia cites a non-technical
               | article[1] from 2018
               | 
               | The article you footnoted is also in Cyrillic.
               | 
               | After all this time, it's amazing to see people trust
               | Wikipedia. It's like they don't care if it's true or not;
               | it's entertainment, pretending to know, not knowledge.
               | 
               | A perfect way to spin your wheels forever and go nowhere.
        
               | messe wrote:
               | > The article you footnoted is also in Cyrillic.
               | 
               | And your comment is in Latin, going by your terminology.
               | In the age of decent online translators, do you care to
               | elaborate on why that's a problem?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | downvotetruth wrote:
       | Real Engineering's video today likely causing resurfacing from
       | Jan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVxgyz_avQM
        
       | boringuser2 wrote:
       | What's up with all of these crazy technical developments after a
       | period of relative stagnation?
       | 
       | Aside from it being merely random or selection bias, it's
       | plausible that there's some kind of AI assist beyond what we know
       | happening behind the scenes.
        
         | sxyuan wrote:
         | These baseless speculations about ChatGPT are somewhat ironic
         | given that the article itself alludes to what has unlocked this
         | specific advance:
         | 
         | "The RDRE achieved its primary test objective by demonstrating
         | that its hardware - made from novel additive manufacturing, or
         | 3D printing, designs and processes - could operate for long
         | durations while withstanding the extreme heat and pressure
         | environments generated by detonations."
         | 
         | It's much easier to imagine that steady advances in
         | manufacturing, computational modeling, and "mundane"
         | technologies like that are contributing to progress like what's
         | described in this article... Rather than some super secret AI
         | assistant.
         | 
         | Please, folks, don't give up on reading just because computers
         | can do it too now. :)
        
         | redeeman wrote:
         | i dont think thats plausible? we do not have AI
        
           | boringuser2 wrote:
           | How do you know?
        
         | twic wrote:
         | People have been working on rotating detonation engines, and
         | making steady progress, for years. The idea dates to the '60s,
         | but i think work really picked up about a decade ago.
        
         | PartiallyTyped wrote:
         | I said a few days ago that it is very likely 3 letter agencies
         | and other organisations have had GPT4 equivalent models for
         | some time now. It doesn't seem that unlikely that some branches
         | of the US gov would have much more advanced models.
        
           | boringuser2 wrote:
           | You're right, it kind of makes me think AGI won't come about
           | from LLMs.
        
         | valine wrote:
         | Maybe ChatGPT is helping cut through bureaucratic tape. I know
         | it's helped me become much more persuasive in my communication.
         | If your goal is to convince the US government to spend money
         | testing your rotational detonation engine, your odds of success
         | go up if an LLM helps you write the email.
        
           | getoffmycase wrote:
           | This has to be an April Fool's day joke right?
        
             | 7thaccount wrote:
             | I hope haha.
        
             | slowmovintarget wrote:
             | Date on the article is 25 Jan 2023, so seemingly not.
        
         | throwbadubadu wrote:
         | OH MY.... Came here to say "Wow, this is so much more exciting
         | than the 123th LLM/GPT and the 2746th "this is my experience /
         | use case with AI" (sorry) "but sure, some one will come and
         | claim that: GPT-8 would have designed that alone given the
         | right prompt!!" ... and then need to read this. :(
        
       | sacnoradhq wrote:
       | At first, I thought it was an insanely scaled ion drive and then
       | maybe a toroidal aerospike.
       | 
       | Nope, no grids and there's water. Holy damn.
        
       | dotnet00 wrote:
       | Scott Manley did a video on Rotating Detonation Engines a few
       | years ago https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rG_Eh0J_4_s
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-04-01 23:00 UTC)