[HN Gopher] Maps show how parking lots "eat" U.S. cities
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       Maps show how parking lots "eat" U.S. cities
        
       Author : Amorymeltzer
       Score  : 177 points
       Date   : 2023-03-31 23:15 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (bigthink.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (bigthink.com)
        
       | fnordian_slip wrote:
       | As someone who visited the US as a kid and was even then shocked
       | by the amount of space dedicated to cars, seeing this information
       | on a map still blew me away.
       | 
       | The space needed for these parking lots basically guarantees you
       | can not walk or bike to get anywhere. I believe that unless
       | there's big investment in public transportation, there might be
       | no way for these cities to break out of this vicious circle. And
       | that seems to be politically unfeasible at the moment, for
       | reasons that elude me.
       | 
       | The hyperloop, a ridiculously bad alternative to a subway,
       | garnered so much attention even with its obvious downsides, so
       | having actually useful public transportation should be a no-
       | brainer imho.
        
         | donatj wrote:
         | > The hyperloop, a ridiculously bad alternative to a subway
         | 
         | The idea was for the Hyperloop was to do the 400 miles straight
         | shot from LA to San Francisco at speeds up to 300mph. I don't
         | see how a subway could do anything comparable.
        
           | anothernewdude wrote:
           | I agree with you, but I would add: I don't see how a
           | hyperloop could do that either.
        
             | SOLAR_FIELDS wrote:
             | Good point! My idea is to have people simply rocket
             | launched via pods from LA to SF over the air about 200-300
             | meters off the ground on average. Sure, it's unsafe, and
             | probably has a ton of reasons that it won't work. But isn't
             | it an innovative way to solve transportation problems that
             | definitely isn't a tactic intended to downplay public
             | transit in CA so that my totally unrelated car business has
             | less of a risk of succeeding?
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | The state can't even build a "high speed" (or as other
           | countries might call it, regular speed) train track between
           | those places.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | The CAHSR plans were for ~350 km/h rail speed, which is
             | basically the highest end of high-speed rail. It's the ~200
             | km/h speed of the NEC that is at best barely-high-speed
             | rail.
        
               | bagels wrote:
               | The plans were for that. It's not built, and much of it,
               | if built, is now not planned to support that speed.
        
           | aeyes wrote:
           | It's not 400 miles and not 300mph but the Hong Kong to
           | Shenzhen XRL line is underground, traveling at up to 350kph.
           | 
           | https://www.hyd.gov.hk/en/road_and_railway/railway_network/x.
           | ..
        
         | thomastjeffery wrote:
         | > And that seems to be politically unfeasible at the moment,
         | for reasons that elude me.
         | 
         | That's because you are looking from the outside in.
         | 
         | Every person who has grown up in the US has grown up in this
         | situation. Having to drive nearly everywhere is _our version of
         | normal_.
         | 
         | Public transit in the US _sucks_. In practically every city
         | that even has it, it 's the worst way to get anywhere. It's
         | often a last resort: a tool for the desperately poor.
         | 
         | On top of that, most of the US is made up of small towns that
         | public transit wouldn't make any sense for. A significant
         | percentage of Americans _must_ regularly travel between a major
         | city and a small town. That means they must have a car, and a
         | place in the city to park it. It 's a fool's errand to convince
         | most people that they should drive _and_ take public transit
         | all in one trip, even if it _would_ save them time and gas.
         | 
         | There is more to this situation than the vicious cycle that
         | perpetuates it. If we can be clear about how we intend to
         | accommodate that reality, we might be able to do something
         | about it politically.
        
           | pharmakom wrote:
           | The UK used to have rail links from all of the small villages
           | into the cities. It was an expensive system, but now that has
           | been ripped out for decades we can see that the alternative
           | is far worse.
        
           | brewdad wrote:
           | I can easily see a future in the US where the car is the next
           | "crisis" like the housing crisis today. Auto manufacturers
           | aren't in a hurry to ramp up production to pre-pandemic
           | levels because they can earn record margins at their current
           | levels. Dealers love it because they can sell pretty much
           | everything above MSRP. It's become nearly impossible to find
           | a basic new car as everything has shifted to crossovers and
           | SUVs/light trucks.
           | 
           | The story the other day about GM dropping CarPlay and AA
           | support was alarming for their reason why. They want to know
           | everything about how you use your car, so they can make you
           | "subscribe" to things like climate control and power
           | seats/windows. The future of the automotive industry in
           | consumer hostile. In another decade or so, it's going to be
           | really hard to find parts for the "dumb" cars of old and
           | Americans are going to be screwed.
        
           | Moldoteck wrote:
           | I'm not saying it's possible for US, but Switzerland managed
           | to route trains&busses to some really remote and low density
           | villages
        
           | 29083011397778 wrote:
           | > On top of that, most of the US is made up of small towns
           | that public transit wouldn't make any sense for. A
           | significant percentage of Americans must regularly travel
           | between a major city and a small town. That means they must
           | have a car, and a place in the city to park it.
           | 
           | Hang on though: I can't tell my neighbouring city to push for
           | more housing because, while I want to live there in the
           | future, the people that live there now like their lack of
           | housing. Similarly, why can't the people that currently live
           | in the city tell their local politicians that spending all
           | this space for parking the residents don't need is stupid?
        
             | Avshalom wrote:
             | people commuting in is a large part of the work force in
             | cities, tourism and generally shopping are important for
             | their economies, also a lot of that parking space is needed
             | by the residents because chicken/egg they all have cars
             | too.
        
               | Scarblac wrote:
               | But why so much space... Why no high parking garages, or
               | deep underground ones.
        
             | lozenge wrote:
             | They do need the space for parking, because they have to
             | drive everywhere, because everything is so far apart,
             | because so much space was given to parking...
        
           | nec4b wrote:
           | >> On top of that, most of the US is made up of small towns
           | that public transit wouldn't make any sense for.
           | 
           | And you think other other countries are not the same?
        
           | cafard wrote:
           | Most of the US geographically or demographically?
           | 
           | I will say that public transit in the US could be a lot
           | better. However, over about forty years it has largely been
           | how I got to work. (Washington, DC, area.)
        
         | sublinear wrote:
         | > seems to be politically unfeasible at the moment, for reasons
         | that elude me.
         | 
         | Ever see that monorail episode of The Simpsons? Yeah that's
         | where we're at. There's a strong desire from many people to
         | slow things down and be more deliberate and careful before any
         | more big changes. There's a sense of disillusionment about
         | "progressivism" amongst even those who crave the most righteous
         | of vibes. This is a weird time to be alive and people just
         | don't want to wake up to construction crews ironically
         | destroying their cities to make way for yet another wave of
         | gentrification pretending not to be.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | I know many females who won't park far and walk somewhere
         | because they don't feel safe. This goes 5x at night.
         | 
         | Do folks realize that walking somewhere in a city is like
         | running a gauntlet to some of the population?
        
           | throw0101c wrote:
           | > _Do folks realize that walking somewhere in a city is like
           | running a gauntlet to some of the population?_
           | 
           | Which is more of a reason to have more people walk: the more
           | people in area going hither and thither the less isolated and
           | vulnerable a person will feel.
           | 
           | People often feel most vulnerable when they feel isolated,
           | which is what happens on a lifeless street. If a street has a
           | sidewalk cafes, bars, restaurants, and people waiting in
           | lines to get into clubs, then there is a feeling of
           | community.
        
             | RajT88 wrote:
             | This /\
             | 
             | My wife and I a couple years back moved to the very edge of
             | the suburbs. Like, across the street is forest preserves,
             | and behind us is a river. We have only spoken with fewer
             | than 10 neighbors since we moved in 2 years ago.
             | 
             | Her, and her sisters all talk about it being like a "serial
             | killer neighborhood". Even my fishing buddy nextdoor sort
             | of rolls his eyes about how his wife says similar things
             | sometimes.
             | 
             | But I tell my fishing buddy: You'll never understand how
             | vulnerable women feel. Ever. Honestly, being afraid of a
             | place where nobody is around is statistically safer -
             | people don't lock their doors in my neighborhood. I've
             | started also not locking doors. It's that kind of place.
             | That has been a point of friction for my wife and I too - I
             | have been really diligent prior to this, because I always
             | lived in really populous areas.
             | 
             | My wife, thankfully, has never been a victim of any kind of
             | violence. But she has had experiences where she avoided
             | that. Once time some big guy late at night followed her
             | into her apartment building asking to use her phone to call
             | for a tow truck or some nonsense. She knew it was BS, but
             | gave it to him anyways. He ran away.
             | 
             | Men will never be able to understand how vulnerable women
             | feel. We simply do not experience the world in the same
             | way. I'll give another example to help anyone still reading
             | get it: I once went to a haunted house (the Rob Zombie one
             | in Chicagoland) with my buddy and his wife. Probably 10
             | times, actors working there tried to jump-scare her, and
             | not me or my buddy. Every goddamned time. Whether she was
             | in front, or behind, or between us. She does not scare
             | easily, so she was just really annoyed. Predatory men see
             | women as easy victims in ways they do not other men.
             | 
             | > females
             | 
             | They prefer "women", just FYI.
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > _Honestly, being afraid of a place where nobody is
               | around is statistically safer - people don 't lock their
               | doors in my neighborhood._
               | 
               | I live a city and neither do I, at least during the day.
               | Only when I go to sleep I try to remember to check it to
               | make sure it's locked.
               | 
               | And cities are often measured to be safer than suburbs:
               | 
               | * https://science.time.com/2013/07/23/in-town-versus-
               | country-i...
               | 
               | * https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-your-
               | children-ar...
               | 
               | * https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/1307
               | 24-su...
               | 
               | There's no slam dunk case for either.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | I have a Yale lock that locks automatically after 5
               | minutes. This is important because we have unhoused
               | neighbors who will occasional door check our home and you
               | don't want to wake up in the morning to find someone
               | sleeping in your living room.
        
               | InCityDreams wrote:
               | >> females >They prefer "women", just FYI.
               | 
               | Ouch! That bit ruined a good read.
        
           | vegetablepotpie wrote:
           | As a man I don't like the perception that I'm under suspicion
           | of being a threat to half the population. And I shouldn't be.
           | The vast majority of violence against women is perpetuated by
           | men they know, not strangers [1].
           | 
           | Domestic violence is not a reason why our cities should be
           | filled with 1-ton death machines that spew soot, carbon
           | monoxide, and nitrous oxide. Cars don't solve that problem.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.reuters.com/world/us/americas-deadly-
           | epidemic-vi...
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | > And that seems to be politically unfeasible at the moment,
         | for reasons that elude me.
         | 
         | Because the majority of the people in the US don't actually
         | want to ride public transportation and they like houses. It's
         | not that difficult to grasp.
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | That's like saying Americans love working at McDonald's and
           | Walmart because they are America's largest employers.
           | 
           | Americans not liking public transportation, and not willing
           | to fund public transportation are two different things.
        
           | aquaticsunset wrote:
           | I'll counter this - the majority of the people in the US want
           | to live somewhere and get around in the least difficult
           | method. Due to decades of policymaking, that happens to be
           | houses and cars.
           | 
           | It's very nearsighted to think our model is the penultimate
           | in structuring society. Plenty of people are happy,
           | fulfilled, and productive living in apartments & townhouses
           | while taking trains to work.
        
             | ipaddr wrote:
             | Why would someone prefer to live like ants? Moving from a
             | large place with a forest backyard to a tiny apartment is a
             | lower standard of living. You live in an apartment and
             | trade away personal space and still have to take a train to
             | work where you get little personal space.
             | 
             | People can be happy in an apartment but most would trade
             | that in for a house they could afford it.
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > _You live in an apartment and trade away personal space
               | and still have to take a train to work where you get
               | little personal space._
               | 
               | You have a limited view of 'urban living'. Want a front
               | yard, back yard, and garage (attached to a laneway)?
               | Plenty of that was built pre-WW2, and there's no reason
               | why it couldn't be again:
               | 
               | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streetcar_suburb
               | 
               | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWsGBRdK2N0&t=1m8s
               | 
               | The _Oh the Urbanity_ channel has a video on the
               | (misguided) idea that _" urban living" = Manhattan / Hong
               | Kong apartment blocks_:
               | 
               | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCmz-fgp24E
               | 
               | Examples (Streetview) of urban tree-lined streets which
               | can support transit and where cycling is practical (and
               | where a car is an option versus a necessity):
               | 
               | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/125+Hampton+Ave,+Toro
               | nto,+...
               | 
               | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/50+Geoffrey+St,+Toron
               | to,+O...
               | 
               | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/70+Jackman+Ave+Toront
               | o,+ON
               | 
               | See also:
               | 
               | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO6txCZpbsQ&t=9m28s
               | 
               | Fifteen minutes pedalling in one direction is downtown,
               | fifteen minutes in the other is farm land.
        
               | Al-Khwarizmi wrote:
               | I live in an apartment in a city (not in the US). Walking
               | distances from my home:
               | 
               | Pharmacy - seconds (right in the next building)
               | 
               | Bar - seconds
               | 
               | Supermarket - 1 minute
               | 
               | Bakery - 1 minute
               | 
               | Greengrocer's - 1 minute
               | 
               | Children's playground - 1 minute
               | 
               | Beach - 1 minute (OK, not representative of every
               | apartment dweller, I'm privileged) :)
               | 
               | Stationery shop - 2 minutes
               | 
               | Bookshop - 2 minutes
               | 
               | Bank branch with ATM - 3 minutes
               | 
               | Amazon locker - 3 minutes
               | 
               | My son's school - 4 minutes
               | 
               | High school - 4 minutes
               | 
               | Health center - 6 minutes
               | 
               | Park - 7 minutes
               | 
               | Library - 7 minutes
               | 
               | Theatre - 13 minutes
               | 
               | Cinema - 15 minutes
               | 
               | Commute - 3 minutes walk to bus stop, buses every 5
               | minutes, 15-minute trip
               | 
               | Train station - 25 minutes
               | 
               | For me, moving to a house where I would need a car or
               | much longer walks for most of those things would be a
               | huge downgrade in standard of living, not an upgrade.
               | Sure, I would have more space. Not worth it at all.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > Why would someone prefer to live like ants?
               | 
               | Why would someone prefer to live like a snail?
               | 
               | > Moving from a large place with a forest backyard to a
               | tiny apartment is a lower standard of living. You live in
               | an apartment and trade away personal space and still have
               | to take a train to work where you get little personal
               | space.
               | 
               | A house does not imply a large backyard. Suburbs are the
               | bigger problem, and they don't usually have much forest.
               | 
               | And apartments don't have to be tiny. If you're comparing
               | against a house in a similar location, that buys a lot of
               | apartment space.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | Tokyo and Seul are poor cities full of people just
               | longing for a house, right?
        
               | thomastjeffery wrote:
               | Forest background? Hah.
               | 
               | Living in an apartment is a _compromise_. Unfortunately,
               | most apartments in the US do not have much to offer.
               | 
               | Most are not well insulated, particularly for sound. The
               | overwhelming majority are rentals; and most of those are
               | managed by landlords who charge an arm and a leg, only to
               | be _less than_ helpful.
               | 
               | Public transit relies on good apartments, and good
               | apartments rely on public transit. It's symbiotic. The US
               | has largely failed at providing both.
               | 
               | People don't choose what is available in the market. They
               | choose _from_ what is available in the market.
        
               | angled wrote:
               | MTR Corp has a great model for this type of development.
               | It would be great to see other governments partnering
               | with them!
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | > prefer to live like ants
               | 
               | Unnecessarily inflammatory wording. (Don't use the
               | popular "shoebox" either.)
               | 
               | > Moving from a large place with a forest backyard
               | 
               | Most Americans live in suburban houses and over 90% of
               | suburbs don't have a forest backyard. You're painting a
               | sunny caricature.
               | 
               | > tiny apartment
               | 
               | Apartments come in a range of sizes, easily from 300 sq
               | ft to 2000 sq ft. You get what you pay for. With houses,
               | the minimum size is so large that many people have no
               | choice but to overpay for space they don't need.
               | 
               | > lower standard of living
               | 
               | Being in proximity to people, shopping, and businesses,
               | as well as having a shorter commute to work, contribute
               | to a higher standard of living.
        
               | tssva wrote:
               | > Being in proximity to people, shopping, and businesses,
               | as well as having a shorter commute to work, contribute
               | to a higher standard of living.
               | 
               | I live in a suburb. I'm in proximity to people, shopping
               | and businesses. In fact, I'm in closer proximity to
               | shopping and businesses than most residential areas in
               | the closest city. Most of the large employers in my area
               | are also in the suburbs so, commuting would be even
               | longer living in the city since it would involve taking
               | public transportation or driving from the city to the
               | suburbs. Even if I lived and worked in the city walking,
               | taking a bus or the subway from residential areas to the
               | employment centers would take longer than my 15-minute
               | commute.
        
               | alexchantavy wrote:
               | Eh, people can like different things. I think "most feel
               | house > apartment" is way way too broad of a
               | generalization.
               | 
               | You give up space by living in a dense city but gain
               | walkability and more public amenities, and on the other
               | hand if you lived in the suburbs you would give that up
               | for more personal space and - at least in the case of the
               | US - better school districts. If you're rich you can have
               | the plusses of all.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | > I'll counter this - the majority of the people in the US
             | want to live somewhere and get around in the least
             | difficult method
             | 
             | No they don't. People consistently give up better commutes
             | for more space.
             | 
             | > It's very nearsighted to think our model is the
             | penultimate in structuring society. Plenty of people are
             | happy, fulfilled, and productive living in apartments &
             | townhouses while taking trains to work.
             | 
             | 100% agree. But Americans want houses more than a public
             | train ride. Figure out how to solve the issue of living in
             | shoeboxes with people still getting space to have a
             | personal garden, a wood shop, etc and you'll be onto
             | something.
        
             | alexchantavy wrote:
             | > The majority of the people in the US want to live
             | somewhere and get around in the least difficult method. Due
             | to decades of policymaking, that happens to be houses and
             | cars.
             | 
             | I think this is well said. The other dimension is public
             | schools since US school funding comes from property taxes
             | so more expensive areas have more funding for their
             | schools, which usually means a higher quality education.
        
               | oerpli wrote:
               | This is well known to be wrong. I'm not sure why it's
               | repeated so often.
        
               | alexchantavy wrote:
               | Got a link I can learn from?
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | I can't speak for the US, but in Canada the city's budget
               | is set first, then all the properties are appraised, then
               | the property tax rate is determined. Expensive properties
               | do not automatically increase the city's tax revenue.
               | See: https://torontoist.com/2014/01/everything-you-ever-
               | wanted-to... ,
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrWry5i3TBU
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | This is how it is in Washington state. But each state and
               | even localities can do it differently. For example,
               | someone was complaining that Montana property taxes would
               | go up if all houses appreciated the same in value, or
               | down if they all depreciated, which I thought was weird.
        
               | alexchantavy wrote:
               | I guess there are two questions:
               | 
               | 1. Does school funding come mostly from property taxes?
               | 
               | The answer here in Seattle is yes having seen some
               | breakdown chart in some government document a while back.
               | 
               | 2. What determines the amount of property tax?
               | 
               | Thanks for sharing that link about how in Canada the tax
               | collection amount works backwards from a goal amount.
               | 
               | My understanding is that in the US, your property tax is
               | assessed annually and the person doing it presumably uses
               | market comparables to determine the taxable price - I
               | don't know if they work backwards from a target, but that
               | sounds odd to me.
        
               | tssva wrote:
               | > My understanding is that in the US, your property tax
               | is assessed annually and the person doing it presumably
               | uses market comparables to determine the taxable price -
               | I don't know if they work backwards from a target, but
               | that sounds odd to me.
               | 
               | In my county they will definitely work back from a goal.
               | The county will determine the budget for the coming year
               | and adjust the tax rate to meet that budget. If assessed
               | values go up 8% but the budget only goes up 4% the board
               | of supervisors will lower the tax rate so the increase in
               | property taxes only meets the 4% needed. This is
               | politically easier than doing the reverse, but they have
               | at times increased the tax rate when assessed property
               | values have not risen enough to bring in the funds needed
               | for the desired budget.
        
           | noelherrick wrote:
           | If you've only traveled in the US, you think public
           | transportation is for poor people. I haven't used all US
           | metros, but even NYC is pretty shabby in comparison to London
           | or Tokyo. Most folks probably also haven't lived in a
           | walkable city (which implies denser, smaller housing).
           | 
           | I don't want to force a lifestyle on anyone, but for me it is
           | glorious just popping on a skytrain or a subway, listening to
           | my music, and watching the world go by. I don't have to buy a
           | car, pay for insurance, get gas every week, change the oil,
           | repair it when it inevitably breaks down or things wear out,
           | thus easily doubling the initial cost, find parking, and wash
           | and clean it. I don't like dealing with different vehicle
           | sizes, pedestrians on their phone, and drivers who think
           | their time is worth my safety.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | I've been to both London and Tokyo. Their transportation is
             | significantly better, but it's optimized for a local
             | minimum from the American suburban perspective.
             | 
             | "They made the best of a shit scenario, which is way too
             | many people living in one place. It's better than the way
             | the US dealt with the people that have to live like that,
             | but it's still worse than being able to have an acre to
             | yourself in the middle class." The US optimized for people
             | who are in that camp.
        
         | syntheweave wrote:
         | I feel assured that the transition is going to be pretty quick,
         | watching Waymos and Cruises going around SF and dealing with
         | some challenging traffic situations and weather(Waymo is
         | definitely better at not getting stuck, but the gap is not
         | insurmountable).
         | 
         | As soon as they proliferate at scale, the risk profile changes
         | such that you can bike everywhere safely, and parking is no
         | longer a major urban issue, because the fleet is going to have
         | a more flexible usage pattern whether or not individuals own
         | the vehicles: instead of one space per vehicle per destination,
         | it's going to be compressed down to parking space for the
         | neighborhood plus drop-off zones.
         | 
         | So to me, it's obvious that the market is going at the problem
         | just about as fast as it can, and once the adoption S-curve
         | hits, "need to drive" relaxes because other potential uses
         | aren't being suppressed. You'll still have many instances where
         | mass transit and active transit present a lower cost structure
         | than taxi, and they'll have a lot of leeway to grow.
        
           | htag wrote:
           | Maybe. From the outside looking in self driving cars are
           | vaporware that are very late on delivery. I wouldn't want to
           | bet my city's architecture on this promise.
           | 
           | It might be nice if they deliver on this promise though.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | Biking here in the states isn't a problem from a distance
         | perspective -- the problems are road safety and destination
         | security (bike theft is a big problem but typically not valued
         | by police because of the nominally low dollar impact). Walking,
         | yeah.
        
           | antifa wrote:
           | Google maps says going to work would be a 6 hour bike ride.
           | There is technically a train available to for half of the
           | journey.
        
             | ac29 wrote:
             | Most bikers are going to be able to average at least 10
             | mph. Working 60+ miles from where you live is a fairly long
             | commute, even by car.
        
           | thomastjeffery wrote:
           | That depends on the city, and where in it you live.
           | 
           | If you live in a large suburban area (like many Americans),
           | then biking distance is a huge problem.
           | 
           | Sure, making an actually tractable amount of public transit
           | in every suburb would resolve that problem, but that's a huge
           | investment, and the overwhelming majority of Americans can't
           | even imagine what the result might look like.
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | I would argue biking distance isn't the problem in
             | suburbia, it's biking safety. My rather spread out suburb
             | is about 8 miles across. That's less than an hour for any
             | cyclist and a fit cyclist could do it in half that time.
             | The trouble is that most of those miles are on 45 mph
             | stroads with either no bike lane or a thin stripe of paint
             | for protection from cars and it's full of debris most of
             | the year.
        
         | avar wrote:
         | The answer to this particular problem isn't public
         | transportation.
         | 
         | There's places elsewhere in the developed world where there's
         | no public transportation, and everyone uses a car for longer
         | trips.
         | 
         | You can usually still cross the street safely as a pedestrian,
         | and expect to reliably find a sidewalk next to the road.
         | 
         | US roads, intersections, parking spots etc. are also absurdly
         | large by the standards of most other countries, it all adds up.
        
           | xracy wrote:
           | Except that the answer to this _is_ public transportation??
           | 
           | The problem is that people need a place to store their
           | single-occupancy-vehicles. which means that each individual
           | with a car takes up a permanent ~100 Sqft. They also need
           | places to put that car. If you remove the parking lots, and
           | the roads, admittedly, you'll create a more walkable city
           | that means people don't need cars. But people will still want
           | _something_ for longer distances. And that something is
           | public transit.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | Private shared transport could also solve the parking
             | problem since a taxi doesn't need to hang out and park in
             | the dense area it drops off passengers, except maybe to on
             | board other passengers. In China this works well enough,
             | although the traffic is still atrocious.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | lol, you even admit your example doesn't work well enough
               | to "fix" traffic.
               | 
               | Your private taxi cab is never going to compete with the
               | people-moving capacity of a bus, or a train. A road with
               | 100s of cars on it, is a demonstration of how many people
               | are heading in a common direction. If you want them to
               | move faster in that direction, find a denser form of
               | transportation that doesn't take up the space of 100s of
               | cars.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | It solves parking, I never claimed it solved traffic.
               | Please re-read my comment.
        
               | pharmakom wrote:
               | if we solve parking then we have more space for offices,
               | shops, etc, which means more people travelling into the
               | area, which means more traffic. only public transport and
               | walking can properly scale up.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | Okay, I definitely misread this. :) That said, I suspect
               | my misread is because...
               | 
               | Is parking an unsolved problem? I think in most cities
               | it's a solved problem, and the consequence is traffic.
               | But I would be curious of your take given that it's the
               | question you asked. What is there to solve for parking?
               | 
               | edit: Also, Public Transportation, arguably, fixes _both
               | traffic and parking_.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | If parking were the only problem, you could call it
               | solved in places where taxis are cheap and ubiquitous,
               | which might happen in the developed world with self
               | driving cars.
               | 
               | But ya, if we could eliminate parking, we have some more
               | space for some nice things, but having lived it, it
               | doesn't solve the main problem at all if private
               | transportation is still viable.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | > but having lived it, it doesn't solve the main problem
               | at all if private transportation is still viable.
               | 
               | I'm having trouble parsing that sentence, could you
               | clarify?
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | It is possible for private personal transport to be
               | viable without parking, and in that case, we can still
               | run 80th the too many cars/not enough road problem.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | ah, okay. My counter, if this only solves one of the
               | problems (parking), why would we prefer that over public
               | transit which solves 2 problems.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Personal transport is convenient. I admit to changing my
               | schedule to super early in the morning and leaving work
               | at 3 just so I could take a taxi rather than deal with
               | the subway due to Beijing's harsh traffic jams. It wasn't
               | the right choice for society, but it was the right choice
               | for me.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | Good public transit is convenient. Ask anyone in any city
               | with good public transit how they commute. Trains and
               | buses that run all day consistently are even cheaper and
               | more convenient to plan around.
               | 
               | "[A developed city isn't one where poor people take cars
               | but where rich people take public transit.]"
        
           | klabb3 wrote:
           | > The answer to this particular problem isn't public
           | transportation.
           | 
           | Public transport is not a self-goal, but it's the best way by
           | far to reduce the spatial requirements for transportation. In
           | particular subways and commuter trains can move an absolutely
           | insane amount of people for even the largest metropolitan
           | areas, without obliterating the ability to walk and getting
           | quickly from point A to B.
           | 
           | Others include having motorcycles and bicycles for individual
           | transport. That can work in small cities but usually impact
           | walkability anyways. If you look at south east asia for
           | instance, often lacking in good public transport, but having
           | a lot of motorcycles in large cities making pedestrian
           | movement hard.
        
             | seer wrote:
             | As someone who recently experienced hanoi traffic as both
             | pedestrian and motorcyclist - I can attest that it can be
             | scary, but after a certain learning period not that bad.
             | 
             | The big problem there was the lack of sidewalks for
             | pedestrians so you kinda had to go into traffic even if you
             | were just following the streets.
             | 
             | Crossing even the busiest boulevards was actually easy, if
             | a bit nerve racking. The flow of scooters just parts around
             | you as you cross, giving you the "I am Moses" feel - you
             | only have to be visible and consistent with your movement.
             | 
             | Honestly they should just get rid of all the zebra
             | crossings and pedestrian lights - those don't work anyway,
             | and just build lots of pedestrian islands everywhere and
             | they would be golden, oh and ban cars.
             | 
             | The amount of people those scooters move throughout hanoi
             | is just staggering - even if they are a bit slow, they make
             | up for it being like an organic flow that doesn't stop for
             | anything as it can just ride around it.
        
           | ntonozzi wrote:
           | Don't forget cars.
        
         | unsignedint wrote:
         | The concept of a 'big investment' takes on a whole new meaning
         | when it comes to public transportation in the United States,
         | especially considering the vast geographical expanse of many
         | metropolitan areas. In most cases, unless one resides in the
         | heart of a city, public transportation isn't a practical
         | option. This is evident in the fact that a 20-minute drive can
         | easily transform into a commute of 90 minutes or longer when
         | relying on public transit. I truly wish there were a way for me
         | to avoid driving and still get to my destination efficiently.
        
           | slaymaker1907 wrote:
           | I think that's part of the point. This vast sprawl is
           | somewhat caused by our over reliance on private vehicles.
           | Also, a factor of more than 2 for travel times is VERY bad
           | for public transit, even in the US.
        
             | rahimnathwani wrote:
             | Most of my journeys here in SF would take 2.5x to 4x by
             | public transport.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | I've previously written up "what would it take to make a 9
             | AM meeting at my office?" It's a _factor_ of 4 or 5 worse
             | via public transit and I live in a probably top 5
             | (definitely top 10) US city as it pertains to our public
             | transit system (Boston).
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31723197
        
               | htag wrote:
               | At 8.5 miles a commute by bicycle or e-bike would be
               | cheaper and close to thirty minutes. It would be
               | healthier. It wouldn't require a parking spot.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Buying an e-bike to accomplish this commute would not be
               | cheaper as it would not be a full replacement for the
               | car, so I'd be paying for a car _and_ an e-bike.
               | 
               | There is oodles of parking at the office (was built for
               | commuters) and I already have to park the car near home.
               | Eliminating a parking space on either end won't move any
               | of the existing buildings closer.
        
               | htag wrote:
               | The GSA usage rate is $0.585/mile. That is $9.945/day in
               | car usage from a 8.5 mile commute to the office. I
               | understand you can drive for less than this rate, but it
               | would be hard to reach $0.35/mile and doing so would
               | sacrifice dependability of the motor vehicle.
               | 
               | My e-bike is significantly cheaper to maintain than my
               | car. It uses something like .7KWH for a full charge which
               | handles over 30 miles. Thats less than 10 cents for a
               | full charge at my rate. Other consumable goods like
               | tires, chains, tubes, break pads are all similarly
               | 10x-100x cheaper than their car counterpart. The only
               | expensive wear item is the battery pack, which admittedly
               | cost $550. I'd estimate my personal usage of the device
               | to be around $0.05/mile.
               | 
               | It's cheaper to own both and maintain both if you are
               | going to use both. Using simple linear math, the ebike
               | will save you over $2000 in ongoing costs (initial price)
               | within 3850 miles or 235 commutes. A pretty good ROI.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | > At 8.5 miles a commute by bicycle or e-bike
               | 
               | GP said _Boston_.
        
               | htag wrote:
               | I've never been. Are bicycles illegal there?
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | Yes.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | One of the first search results for Boston bicycle
               | declares it the fourth best biking city in the US, so
               | you're going to need to be more specific about whatever
               | criticism you're exaggerating.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | Boston sometimes gets 2 feet of snow in a single day, and
               | often has sub-freezing temperatures. People just get on
               | with life (but not really on e-bikes).
        
               | htag wrote:
               | Do people in Boston drive in 2 feet of snow?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | After a 2 foot snowfall ends, secondary roads are usually
               | passable within ~3-12 hours, depending on how much snow
               | was removed during the storm. Major roads will almost
               | always remain passable during the entire snow event.
               | Essential stores and services almost never close as
               | people can move around despite the weather (and except
               | for a few hours immediately after, are expected to).
               | 
               | Sidewalks and bike paths will take days to be down to
               | pavement and some bike paths aren't salted or plowed at
               | all so become safe to use again when the snow naturally
               | melts.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | > Sidewalks and bike paths will take days to be down to
               | pavement and some bike paths aren't salted or plowed at
               | all so become safe to use again when the snow naturally
               | melts.
               | 
               | This is a choice, not an inevitability.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | From my perspective as an individual living 8-9 miles
               | from the office, there is no practical difference. It's
               | not like I'm going to go out and shovel it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > [...] _and often has sub-freezing temperatures._
               | 
               | So does Finland. See "Why Canadians Can't Bike in the
               | Winter (but Finnish people can)":
               | 
               | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhx-26GfCBU
               | 
               | Also "Why Winter Cities Need to Reconsider Car
               | Dependence":
               | 
               | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFkI3eglT1M
               | 
               | If things can be taken car of so cars can operate in
               | winter there's no reason why they can't be for bicycles
               | (as someone who lives in Toronto, Canada).
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If you slide a front tire 12" to 18" on a car, nothing
               | much happens. If you do that on a bike, something very
               | much happens.
               | 
               | The standards of snow removal needed to permit 2 wheel
               | vehicles to operate safely are quite a bit stricter than
               | those for 4 wheelers.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | So the three times a year that happens, you find a
               | different way to work or WFH. Don't let perfect be the
               | enemy of the good. Minneapolis gets a decent bike share
               | in winter. If they can bundle up and ride, it's
               | positively simply for Bostonians to do it.
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | Honestly travel times on transit are bad everywhere. Its
             | hard to beat the car, which is essentially a bus that goes
             | express door to door to your destination, and can leave
             | when you want. People take the alternative only when they
             | can't afford to take the car in regularly (e.g. bridge
             | tolls and high parking costs in nyc ensure mainly high
             | income people enjoy the convenience of a car). Even if you
             | lived just 15 mins walking from a train station, thats a
             | half hour added to every trip just getting back home, to
             | say nothing of the walking on the other end. Imagine if you
             | were not in walking shape on top of this. Its for the
             | greater good of course to take collective transportation
             | over resource intensive individual transportation, but you
             | sure do pay for it with your free time in most places, not
             | just in the U.S.
        
               | noelherrick wrote:
               | If in your city, cars are faster than public
               | transportation, I would say that's most likely due to
               | poor implementation of it. In my experience in NYC,
               | London, Tokyo, Bangkok, even the Bay Area (TBF, haven't
               | visited in years), metros are much faster and much more
               | pleasant.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, in the US, we let a bunch of politicians
               | who claim the government is bad at everything run the
               | government. They have a vested interest in making sure
               | it's not well run. For goodness sake, we had a president
               | who said, "The nine most terrifying words in the English
               | language are: I'm from the government, and I'm here to
               | help." A sitting US president, who according to
               | Wikipedia, is part of the government. We should have
               | demanded his resignation then and there, and got someone
               | who wasn't terrified of the organization he was a head
               | of.
               | 
               | The most immediate solution to this is stop relying on
               | contractors and let the government at every level build
               | up public planning departments and a construction
               | workforce that doesn't get let go when the project is
               | finished.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | The metros being faster always is dependent on your
               | destination being favorably connected to the lines you
               | are near. Take a random a to b in any of those cities,
               | and I'd say the car is typically going to be fastest.
               | Here's a random trip across tokyo, which at the time of
               | writing takes 50 mins by car or an hour and 38 minutes by
               | transit.
               | 
               | https://maps.app.goo.gl/Q17EFxjLKd85PYRv6?g_st=ic
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | Not only that, right now is the middle of the night in
               | Tokyo. If you change the "depart at" time to something
               | like 5 PM, the driving time is estimated to be anywhere
               | from 65 to 125 minutes.
        
               | dublinben wrote:
               | We wouldn't ever expect public transportation to be
               | significantly faster than driving the same trip. If it
               | were, people would switch from driving to the faster
               | option. Decreasing the number of cars would then ease
               | congestion and speed up driving, until a new, faster,
               | equilibrium was reached.[0]
               | 
               | This is how improving public transportation is actually
               | one of the most effective ways to benefit drivers.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downs%E2%80%93Thomson_p
               | aradox
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | Funny I know plenty of places where public transport is
               | faster than a car (maybe with the exception of the middle
               | of the night). You bring up the example of walking 15min
               | to a train station (that's already a longish walk), but
               | somehow ignore the case of having to find a parking spot.
               | I certainly have spend >20min finding a parking spot when
               | I really needed to take a car for some reason (and the
               | often still had to walk 10min after). Sure that's not the
               | case if you consider a vast US City designed around cars
               | where parking makes up a large fraction of the city
               | (incidentally that's the point of the article), but a
               | city like that is not very livable either.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | I think its pretty easy to park because most american
               | cities are overparked, and as they convert surface lot to
               | 5/1 they end up even more overparked because that usually
               | comes with a subterranean garage and another 300 spaces
               | that weren't there before.
               | 
               | You'd be hard pressed to lay rail based transit so
               | densely where everyone in the metro area has a 15 min
               | walk to a station much less one going somewhere relevant
               | for them. Simple bussing upgrades are much more realistic
               | for us to see comprehensive transit in our lifetimes.
               | Things like signal priority and a protected lane would go
               | a long way for little cash and time. Too bad the bus is
               | invisible to most people and politicians.
        
               | rainsford wrote:
               | I agree in the abstract on an individual level. All else
               | being equal, it's very difficult to beat the travel time
               | of your own point to point transport that leaves whenever
               | you want. But the only way that works is with a non-
               | trivial up-front personal cost to obtain that transport,
               | ongoing cost to operate it, and a massive societal
               | investment to ensure you have ample road and parking
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | There's also the consideration that all those point to
               | point journeys and parking at each end is a fairly
               | inefficient way to enable a city's worth of people to
               | move around. There's no way a city like NYC could exist
               | at all if everyone relied on cars for transportation. A
               | point-to-point personal car journey in NYC may in theory
               | be faster than taking public transit, but it would be
               | impossible for everyone to do that as the car transit
               | times would trend towards infinity as everyone is stuck
               | in traffic. And because of the increased density a non
               | car-centric city allows, you can actually shrink public
               | transit times too because things can be closer together
               | and transit can run more often and have more routes. And
               | the increased density also allows point to point personal
               | transport other than cars to be practical, like walking
               | or cycling.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | It's easy to beat the car if the car isn't allowed where
               | public transport is... which can be approximated by not
               | building any parking in places where people want to or
               | need to be.
        
               | htag wrote:
               | Thirty minutes of walking everyday is a good thing, not a
               | bad thing.
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | Not Just Bikes preached this concept in "The Gym of
               | Life": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPUlgSRn6e0
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | Of course but its more convenient when you choose when
               | this time sink has to happen. Its why people go for a run
               | in the morning instead of just jogging everywhere they go
               | in life. Not to mention its a cost you pay more than once
               | if you go down to the station multiple times a day. Take
               | just three trips and your day just turned into a 22 and a
               | half hour one only factoring the walk on the home side.
        
               | htag wrote:
               | 1. Any commute is a time sink we have little choice when
               | to do it. I found walking as part of a commute with mass
               | transit to be a better use of my time than sitting in a
               | car. My walk was exercise. On transit I could read a book
               | or answer work email/slack. In a car I was sedentary and
               | focused on driving.
               | 
               | 2. I don't know anyone that leaves their home for three
               | separate trips on transit a day. Two tops, and usually
               | it's just one. It's rare to leave the home three times in
               | one day with a car if one of the trips is an eight hour
               | workday. Usually people combine trips.
               | 
               | 3. Again, walking is good. We should be walking. It's
               | fantastic to have places to walk to. This isn't a bad
               | thing or a chore.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | In a car you can listen to podcasts or audiobooks at
               | least. If it self drives for you then email and slack is
               | fair game too. 3 separate trips wouldnt be hard to
               | imagine. The commute is trip one. Picking up takeout is
               | trip two. Running to target after dinner is trip three.
               | That sort of thing is tough with transit though.
               | Oftentimes your business is not in the same place, so you
               | might be going all over town running errands or making
               | appointments. The car is of course much faster to pivot
               | between places than tranfers and waiting. Walking is
               | good, but clearly people today have opted for the
               | temporal convenience of driving over the physical
               | benefits of walking, which might be faster to achieve
               | with a more intense gym session. Its not like many rail
               | stations see 100% car free living within their walksheds
               | today. For some they have big lots because many of their
               | riders prefer a few minutes driving to the station in a
               | climate controlled vehicle over the alternative.
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | I also listen to podcasts and audiobooks... while walking
               | and taking public transit to work. No difference.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Large subways can easily beat cars. The problem is most
               | public transportation sucks in the US so people don't use
               | it, so it isn't fixed.
               | 
               | Just look at 248 mi of track in NYC vs 17.4 in LA.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | I can often get somewhere fast during rush hour in
               | Beijing on the subway rather than a taxi. But Beijing's
               | traffic is Superbad compared to the USA. The city is also
               | huge, but they have just done a good job building it out
               | everywhere.
               | 
               | The same with most big Chinese cities (smaller cities
               | have taxis, so you still don't need your own car).
               | Tokyo's system works ok as well, although I'm not sure if
               | taxi would be faster since it is too expensive for me to
               | try. The subway/loop lines are good enough to get places
               | as quickly as I don't think taking a taxi would save much
               | time.
        
               | macNchz wrote:
               | I think one of the issues is that once you start
               | designing places around driving, cars become non-optional
               | for day to day living, whereas many places designed
               | around transit generally do not expect people to use
               | transit for every single outing.
               | 
               | For example: most car oriented American suburbs simply
               | require a car for anything other than visiting a
               | neighbor, whereas in a transit oriented city you might
               | use transit to commute to work, but be able to walk to
               | some local shops and services.
               | 
               | I think many people who are familiar only with car
               | dependent lifestyles make the mistake of imagining a car-
               | free lifestyle that involves replacing all of the car
               | trips they make one-to-one with bus or train trips, which
               | would indeed be really cumbersome, but isn't really how
               | things work (at least in my experience growing up in a
               | rural small town in the US and having lived in a couple
               | of European cities and NYC).
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | Even if you lived out in the kanto plain where the trains
               | came before the highways, its not like people are taking
               | the bullet train to the grocery store thats a 5 min drive
               | with the car you already own. Few places on earth are so
               | dense where the car is actually a consistently losing bet
               | when you account for all your trips. I'm not even sure
               | what building for transit rather than car would look like
               | for a semi urban or rural area, considering the transit
               | with the lowest capital investment, the bus, is also
               | benefited by car oriented development like a road network
               | with more connections between nodes. Even in the times
               | before a car, some people had a horse or mule to
               | essentially play the role of a car today, of an instant
               | express bus.
        
               | beberlei wrote:
               | You can design a citycenter to primarily benefit bike
               | traffic and then it will be consistently faster than car
               | travel
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | I'm a big fan of taking the bike around. Of course you do
               | get those people who can't imagine biking if theres
               | weather. And it favors more able bodied people for the
               | most part.
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | Bike infrastructure is compatible with mobility scooters.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | I'm not sure they go fast enough to keep up with bike and
               | ebike traffic
        
               | pharmakom wrote:
               | This is how it's done in the Netherlands and it works
               | very well. this is not an issue.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | Existing bike lanes in the us need a serious overhaul.
               | One of the standard designs runs along the dooring areas
               | of parked cars, and right turning traffic is allowed to
               | cross over it at intersections. The mobility scooters I'm
               | familiar with seem to top out at a brisk walk speed on
               | the other hand. That sort of speed differential is a
               | recipe for danger as the roads and bike lanes are
               | currently built in north america.
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > [...] _considering the transit with the lowest capital
               | investment, the bus, is also benefited by car oriented
               | development like a road network with more connections
               | between nodes._
               | 
               | 'Improving' car-oriented development has been observed to
               | make things worse:
               | 
               | > _It is a paradox in that improvements in the road
               | network will not reduce traffic congestion. Improvements
               | in the road network can make congestion worse if the
               | improvements make public transport more inconvenient or
               | if they shift investment, causing disinvestment in the
               | public transport system._
               | 
               | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downs-Thomson_paradox
               | 
               | Improving things for non-car users can actually make
               | things better for drivers:
               | 
               | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8RRE2rDw4k
               | 
               | * https://fortune.com/2015/09/30/best-country-drive-waze/
               | 
               | * https://archive.ph/S4FKM
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | * Public transport relies on population density. Once the
               | density is high enough, people tend to take transit
               | whenever it's faster and/or more convenient than driving.
               | Which is trivially true for many people, because there is
               | not enough space for wide enough roads and enough parking
               | for everyone to drive.
               | 
               | * If you assume that public transport is only for those
               | who can't afford driving, you basically guarantee that
               | it's going to be bad. If you want good public transport,
               | you must design it for the middle class.
               | 
               | * 15 minutes of walking is a very long distance to the
               | nearest station. If you are in an area served by
               | reasonable public transport, you should be able to reach
               | the next station in at least one direction in that time.
        
               | Aardwolf wrote:
               | Underground metros can be way faster than cars stuck in
               | traffic.
               | 
               | At least in most cities. The one in NY has slow driving
               | trains compared to any other cities I've seen.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | I have a commute that parallels the freeway for a
               | portion. The train takes 18 mins or so to get through the
               | stretch stops and all. The highway in rush hour takes
               | about 30 mins if its really bad. However, the twist is I
               | don't work directly on this corridor, I need to transfer.
               | The highway has an interchange with another, making the
               | entire trip even in bad traffic about 40 minutes by the
               | time I park and walk in.
               | 
               | With the train I need to transfer to another train. This
               | could be a 10 minute wait at the platform before the
               | train arrives, plus its an end of the line stop for this
               | particular line so it will sit for another 5-10 mins
               | while it changes operators. Then once it gets moving,
               | another 15 mins since there are a few at grade crossings
               | with this line and then a 10 min walk. I do it over
               | driving because I can zone out half asleep in the
               | mornings.
               | 
               | The transfering and frequencies are where transit enters
               | a world of pain and these are expensive, complex issues
               | to fix compared to an interchange ramp. Anytime I bring
               | someone unfamiliar on the train, they basically swear off
               | the system for good and moan why we didn't just pay for
               | the surging uber.
        
               | Aardwolf wrote:
               | In many big asian cities, the nearest MRT stop is less
               | than 5 minutes walking away, there are trains every 3
               | minutes, they ride fast, and the layout is such that you
               | usually need 0 or 1 transfers to another colored line,
               | can't really beat it imho, except with the public bikes
               | in some cases
               | 
               | EU's metros are a bit dated compared to that, but still
               | very useful.
               | 
               | In the NY one, I was sometimes thinking walking is about
               | as fast if you add up the slow train speed with the
               | waiting time. In SF, there is none?!
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | I'd love to see some maps of good examples, but I think
               | transit with minimal transferring is a really tough
               | network nut to crack. You can build hub and spoke or with
               | a few hubs and spokes but this often requires going way
               | out of your way into somewhere you can transfer between
               | spokes. You can build a grid basically like what is done
               | with busses, but again, the routing demands compromising
               | your personal convenience because you are moving along a
               | grid, versus more as the crow flies. At the end of the
               | day no one is going to be perfectly happy with transit by
               | definition. It serves the average commuter along the
               | given corridor, never you in particular and your
               | particular commute. A lot of car drivers today probably
               | wont accept that, taking a backseat and saying they will
               | deal with waiting if it means second order benefits that
               | aren't immediately obvious, since for the last 100 years
               | they've held the notion that they are in charge.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | magicalist wrote:
           | > _This is evident in the fact that a 20-minute drive can
           | easily transform into a commute of 90 minutes or longer when
           | relying on public transit. I truly wish there were a way for
           | me to avoid driving and still get to my destination
           | efficiently_
           | 
           | It's not like it's the natural state of things that 25% of
           | the Atlanta city center is dedicated to parking so we just
           | have to accept the downsides.
           | 
           | There's a reason everything is so spread out and so it's
           | difficult to walk places or design efficient public transit,
           | and it's the same reason driving and parking your car is the
           | most efficient transportation method.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | Because the US insists transit need to look like a big sexy
           | expensive two mezzanine underground platform, when a
           | decidedly unsexy painted bus lane on the already existing
           | wide arterial would offer most of the same utility for orders
           | of magnitude less money.
        
             | orangepurple wrote:
             | All of the commenters are missing a huge point. US commuter
             | rail projects are hugely corrupt enterprises. Just look at
             | Honolulu for a blatant example of corruption in
             | infrastructure spending (their train NO-ONE wanted)
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | I've heard sometimes metros are forced to contract with
               | certain contractors in particular because they have
               | headhunted all the talent qualified to interpret the
               | metros own requirements. You can imagine how much abuse
               | this situation can lead to.
               | 
               | The US needs to drop the contractor model and just
               | directly staff labor for public works. If there is enough
               | work going around to maintain a contracting company, then
               | there's therefore enough work to staff a public rail
               | building division, and build out some standardized and
               | therefore cheaper designs for this infrastructure.
        
       | xracy wrote:
       | This feels like a positive feedback loop (not the good kind),
       | where the more parking is needed, the more people feel they need
       | to drive. And the more people feel they need to drive, the more
       | they need parking and the more space between stores gets added.
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | Have the parking minimums actually been increased lately,
         | though?
        
           | xracy wrote:
           | I sure hope not, but that doesn't really solve the parking
           | issues?
           | 
           | You need a parking space for your car permanently, and one
           | for every place you might visit. (up to as many people as are
           | likely to be visiting it). In a popular place to visit, that
           | could be a lot if people don't have some other way to get
           | there. So, you have to build in extra space between you and
           | that place to account for parking, and the roads required to
           | get there.
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | My point is that if the parking minimums haven't gone up,
             | then the loop you describe doesn't actually exist, since
             | more space between stores doesn't actually get added.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | What?
               | 
               | If the law that requires an absolute minimum number of
               | parking spaces hasn't increased, then the total number of
               | parking spaces hasn't increased?
               | 
               | People can build more parking spaces than the parking
               | minimums? Also, Parking minimums themselves increase
               | parking for new businesses? Any new structure you build
               | being subject to parking minimums contributes to the loop
               | I'm describing.
        
           | dublinben wrote:
           | Much of a city will predate these regulations. Even without
           | increasing the minimums, as grandfathered properties are
           | redeveloped they must increase their parking. New
           | developments will also bring up the amount of parking as they
           | comply with current minimums.
        
       | favflam wrote:
       | Step 1 to fix out of control real estate prices and suburbia
       | depression is not public transit.
       | 
       | Step 1 is to deprioritize cars. No more free parking, no single
       | family home zoning, free-for-all zoning around train stations and
       | bus stops.
       | 
       | Step 2 is to keep deprioritizing cars. Ban highway expansion
       | beyond 2 lanes in both directions. Match demand and supply with
       | tolls. Excess revenue goes towards funding public transit.
       | 
       | Step 3 is to fund public transit. Private sector will see massive
       | opportunity to build out private bus lines and trains (see
       | Brightline in Florida). The real play is not ticket revenue, but
       | real estate appreciation around public transit. Republicans
       | should get around this idea with private equity guys. This is a
       | no brainer to me.
       | 
       | In conclusion, the key to this morass to make car owners suffer
       | and switch to real estate appreciation to incentivize private
       | development of transit systems.
        
         | xracy wrote:
         | Yeah, real estate appreciation has its own costs that we're
         | going to pay for down the line... in particular increased costs
         | of housing/living is causing more homelessness.
        
       | oliwarner wrote:
       | "Maps show how a lack of forward planning, well-structured free
       | parking and public link-transport cause retroactively developed
       | parking to be a commodity that is valued higher than a business
       | sector nobody can drive to"
       | 
       | The rest of the world fixes this by banning cars in these areas,
       | making it a nice place to be, providing out-of-town link-
       | transport (eg Park & Ride) for people driving in.
       | 
       | The car _is_ eating US cities but only because people don 't have
       | a better option.
        
       | htag wrote:
       | I like these maps. I do think it glosses over many details of
       | vertical parking. It's hard to compare how tall the parking
       | garages are. It's unclear if it covers underground parking for
       | buildings with other uses or not. It's hard to determine exactly
       | how much parking is provided in the red shaded regions. It's hard
       | to determine what are parking garages and what are parking lots.
       | 
       | I also would have liked to compare street parking options in
       | various cities, but this doesn't seem to document it. Street
       | parking can have just a big of an impact as garages and lots, as
       | it leads to wider roads, people hunting for a spot, and a hazard
       | for bicyclist.
        
         | causality0 wrote:
         | _Street parking can have just a big of an impact as garages and
         | lots, as it leads to wider roads, people hunting for a spot,
         | and a hazard for bicyclist._
         | 
         | Street parking has always seemed slightly insane to me. You
         | take a dense city that's already tough to get around by road
         | and then you sacrifice half your road area for people to park
         | on. Instead of one car park entrance you have to keep an eye on
         | for emerging vehicles, any one of a thousand cars could
         | suddenly move into the road with no notice. It's a safety and
         | efficiency nightmare.
        
           | LanceH wrote:
           | The smell of urine is less present with street parking.
           | 
           | And I'm not trying to be glib. Off hours especially, parking
           | garages can be places people don't want to go.
        
       | kbos87 wrote:
       | There's an entire genre of anti-car content popular on social
       | media right now that completely overlooks the reality of how most
       | US cities are dispersed. I agree that the utopian ideal of a car-
       | free existence is appealing, but it's far from realistic for a
       | lot of places and there's an awful lot of shaming and shunning
       | going on of regular people living their lives right now.
        
         | xracy wrote:
         | It's not about shaming and shunning. It's about educating, so
         | that people are more amenable to non-car-centric changes to
         | public transit and their cities that will improve everyone's
         | way of life.
         | 
         | I think the thing about Public Transit, is if you _truly_ love
         | driving your car, you should _still_ be in favor of public
         | transit, because better public transit means less traffic for
         | you.
        
           | ipaddr wrote:
           | Someone has to pay for transit and it usually comes from
           | drivers
        
             | xracy wrote:
             | Who subsidizes the roads for drivers?
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Gas taxes.. where does transit money come from? General
               | revenues and gas taxes.
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > _Gas taxes.._
               | 
               | Questionable:
               | 
               | "Why Gas Taxes Aren't Paying the Bills Anymore"
               | 
               | * https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-02-15/g
               | as-ta...
               | 
               | "Gas Taxes Don't Cover the Costs of Our Roads"
               | 
               | * https://www.onthecommons.org/gas-taxes-dont-cover-
               | costs-our-...
               | 
               | "Ten Years of Highway Trust Fund Bankruptcy: Why Did It
               | Happen, and What Have We Learned?"
               | 
               | * https://www.enotrans.org/article/ten-years-of-highway-
               | trust-...
               | 
               | Further, expanding roads for car-centric use just makes
               | things worse:
               | 
               | > _It is a paradox in that improvements in the road
               | network will not reduce traffic congestion. Improvements
               | in the road network can make congestion worse if the
               | improvements make public transport more inconvenient or
               | if they shift investment, causing disinvestment in the
               | public transport system._
               | 
               | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downs-Thomson_paradox
               | 
               | There is decades of empirical evidence that building more
               | roads/highways does not improve congestion (but makes it
               | worse):
               | 
               | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_demand
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | All of society subsidizes fuel for drivers by the absence
               | of sufficient pigovian taxes to offset the externalities
               | of burning it.
               | 
               | (Well, additionally by the way US military and foreign
               | policy revolves around fossil fuel supply. Which _lots_
               | of people around the world pay for, and not just US
               | taxpayers.)
        
         | 0x53 wrote:
         | So this is a common argument, but I don't think it holds true.
         | Here is a video comparing the train system in Spain to the one
         | in the US. Around the 8 minute mark he compares the population
         | of the US east coast with Spain and their train system. The
         | truth is that the population density in certain areas of the US
         | is certainly high enough to support much better public transit
         | that doesn't exist.
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/wfxJhX8Y4QI
        
         | magicalist wrote:
         | > _There 's an entire genre of anti-car content popular on
         | social media right now that completely overlooks the reality of
         | how most US cities are dispersed_
         | 
         | This content is _literally_ about how US cities are dispersed.
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | Trends come and go, but the suburbs will continue to grow.
         | 
         | Anti-car posts are fun because they are escapism from the worst
         | part of the suburbs. However, you lose all of the best parts
         | when you switch to the current alternatives (expensive density
         | and shared public transportation).
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | ripley12 wrote:
         | I don't see the "shaming and shunning" aspect much, myself.
         | When I do see it it's usually directed at people who are
         | driving dangerously or fighting policy that would make it
         | easier to live without a car.
        
         | cycomanic wrote:
         | The point of this is that city planning is a slow process it
         | literally takes decades to change cities. So yes you can't
         | change cities to only operate with public transport overnight,
         | because they have not been designed that way, but if you want
         | to make them so that public transport becomes an option then
         | you need to start now. And we do need to change how we get
         | around, even if we go full electric cars, we still use too much
         | of our energy needs for transport.
        
         | nayuki wrote:
         | Defaults are powerful. Undoing them will feel uncomfortable.
         | 
         | Since the 1940s, the vision sold to society is one of private
         | motor transport, free-flowing highways, and houses on big lots.
         | The past 80 years have seen the execution of this plan with
         | little to no reflection or criticism.
         | 
         | We're finally starting to wake up to the reality that we find
         | ourselves living in. We're questioning the choices made by our
         | forebears and the infrastructure that has been constructed. If
         | we want to change how cities are designed, we have to recognize
         | the problem first. Only then can we embark on a decades-long
         | transformation where we slowly replace buildings and roads with
         | ones that reflect a new vision.
         | 
         | The fact that US cities are dispersed is a red herring. Most
         | cities will have expensive areas that people want to move into
         | but are prevented from doing so due to a lack of available
         | housing. The demand to densify already exists. By adjusting
         | zoning laws, parking minimums, and transportation networks,
         | housing can be added in those areas, and no one would be
         | coerced to move to somewhere they don't want to be.
        
       | seri4l wrote:
       | Looking on the bright side all that open space means there is
       | more sunlight, a scarce resource in many cities.
        
         | notsound wrote:
         | In what cities is sunlight a "scarce resource"? Many cities
         | actively plant trees to create shade. Also, who the hell
         | sunbathes in a parking lot? Nice pun tho
        
           | seri4l wrote:
           | When you live in front of a tall building that blocks the Sun
           | the days are shorter and it's harder to keep the house warm
           | during the Winter. Maybe I went too far calling it a "scarce
           | resource" but tall buildings that are too close to each other
           | increase the lighting and heating costs a great deal.
        
             | kirel33 wrote:
             | A lot of European countries tend to regulate the height of
             | buildings to avoid such problems, density doesn't have to
             | come at the expense of basic standards of living
        
       | 0x53 wrote:
       | I think of the hardest things to believe when I learned about it
       | was that almost everywhere in the United States has laws that
       | force anyone building a business to build parking. Often the
       | parking has to be more in square foot terms then the building
       | itself! In my town if you build a place that serves alcohol you
       | have to build more parking than for any other type of building.
       | It's crazy to me that we mandate paving over large sections of
       | our town. I used to blame Walmart for moving into an area and
       | buying up local businesses and destroying them to build a parking
       | lot, but now I know they were legally required to do that!
        
         | spockz wrote:
         | Aside from that. If you sell alcohol you need more parking
         | spots? That seems like promoting drink and drive.
        
       | steponlego wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | sdwr wrote:
       | So true. Thinking about my city, it's gross how much space is
       | used up by parking. Half the street space, plus lots for every
       | store + destination.
       | 
       | Self-driving cars will fix this, no?
       | 
       | A combo of taxis, automatic parking garages, and just driving
       | itself home to wait.
        
         | slaymaker1907 wrote:
         | It'll be worse because the average number of people per vehicle
         | will be less than 1.
        
       | ecliptik wrote:
       | I've been fascinated with Milliron's Department Store [1] from
       | the late 1940s and it's use of parking on the roof of the
       | department store. At the time "autotopia" was something
       | developers cater too and seeing how architecture at the time
       | responded is something in itself.
       | 
       | Sadly the rooftop lot was removed with the rear X ramps blocked
       | off, and the store is now a relatively generic Kolhs. In Southern
       | California though a lot of the parking lots are getting
       | retrofitted with solar, which while still taking up space, at
       | least providing energy and shade.
       | 
       | 1. https://www.gruenassociates.com/project/millirons-
       | department...
        
       | DangitBobby wrote:
       | I'm curious if there are any bright ideas on practical first and
       | last mile transportation for people who want to take the bus or
       | train. Say my house is 1.5-3 miles from the closest bus stop and
       | my destination is 1.5-3 miles from its closest bus stop. Should I
       | be bringing my scooter on the bus? Is there room for everyone's
       | scooter on the bus?
       | 
       | Curious to hear from people who use the bus or train daily, how
       | do you get to and from the bus stop in a timely manner and in the
       | cold.
        
         | htag wrote:
         | 1. Bus stops can be as cheap as a sign on the road. We should
         | embrace cheaper bus stops to build more bus stops. Another
         | benefit of cheap bus stops is under-utilized stops can be
         | removed with less investment lost.
         | 
         | 2. There's rooms for lots of scooters on buses. It's pretty
         | common for there to be places for bicycles on buses too. Have
         | you been inside of a city bus? There pretty big.
         | 
         | 3. Real estate near train stations is almost always more
         | expensive. This is a type of amenity you have to look into
         | while choosing your home.
        
           | 29083011397778 wrote:
           | > Another benefit of cheap bus stops is under-utilized stops
           | can be removed with less investment lost
           | 
           | According to the public transit authority around here, if you
           | remove a bus stop (due to, say, a drop in transit usage) and
           | try to bring it back later (after usage of transit goes back
           | up), it can take up to five years to see ridership recognize
           | that, and start to use the stop at the same rate as when it
           | was removed. It may be cheaper to leave the stop there long-
           | term.
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | Buses can drive past unused stops as if they aren't there.
             | There is little cost to keeping little used stops open and
             | available.
        
         | nayuki wrote:
         | I can't speak for your situation, but I can tell you that
         | Toronto made it work. Despite the fact that the majority of the
         | land is single-family detached housing, it seems anyone is
         | within a 1.0 km (0.6 mile) walk of a bus stop thanks to the bus
         | grid. See: https://youtu.be/-ZDZtBRTyeI?t=304 ,
         | https://media.blogto.com/articles/20201022-vox-news.jpg?w=10...
        
         | xracy wrote:
         | I like biking/walking. Both give me time to clear my head on my
         | way to work. One of them is like 2x faster than the other.
         | Scooters are fine if that works for you. AFAIK all of these
         | options fit on the bus/train. But I will also say that the
         | people at my work have long stated that the day they have to
         | figure out where to park extra bikes, scooters, etc. They will
         | make it happen. Because they take up so much less space it's
         | much easier to manage. I think the same is probably true for
         | public transit.
         | 
         | I would suggest something you enjoy :).
         | 
         | Accessibility is something else to consider for a lot of
         | this... But it's not really an argument I feel people make in
         | good faith. I would be okay with some car usage for people with
         | accessibility needs for first/last mile transportation.
        
         | thomastjeffery wrote:
         | Add more bus stops.
         | 
         | Beyond that, I think the most honest answer is, "Wear a coat,
         | and give yourself more time."
        
       | keenboy wrote:
       | I think the answer to this is to adopt Land Value Taxes. This
       | would naturally incentivize property improvement and dis-
       | incentivize people from owning large swaths of unproductive land.
       | Communities would grow upward before they grow outward.
       | Infrastructure costs would drop significantly and communities
       | (over time) would become more walkable.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | cafard wrote:
       | Downtown Washington, DC, has plenty of parking (especially since
       | the pandemic). However, for the most part it is under office
       | buildings.
        
       | rascul wrote:
       | The title says cities but it's really about city centers.
       | 
       | Edit: This is relevant because US cities tend to include a large
       | amount of residential areas that don't have parking lots. When
       | city centers are commercial areas that serve the city and
       | surrounding areas inside and outside of the city, people are
       | going to drive there and they need a place to park. There are
       | potential ways to make parking less concentrated in the center
       | though, which includes public transportation, one thing we're
       | often not great at in the US.
        
         | frosted-flakes wrote:
         | Large amounts of residential areas filled with single family
         | homes, _all of which have their own private parking lots_.
        
           | rascul wrote:
           | Maybe they all do, maybe they don't. Maybe it's more than
           | 1/5, but maybe it's less. The article doesn't touch on it.
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | Look around you. How many SFH homes have been built in the
             | last 80 years that don't have a driveway or an off-street
             | parking spot? Maybe 1%? Probably far fewer than that.
        
           | erik_seaberg wrote:
           | California relaxed the requirements on converting a garage to
           | housing, which potentially doubles the drivers while removing
           | parking spaces.
        
       | JeremyNT wrote:
       | Link to the actual tool:
       | 
       | https://parkingreform.org/resources/parking-lot-map/
        
       | lotsoweiners wrote:
       | Who cares? If Americans want room to drive and get places and
       | park then let them. If my suburban town 25 miles away from a
       | major city's downtown got rid of streets and places to park, me
       | and 95% of the other residents would just move another 15 miles
       | further.
        
         | voisin wrote:
         | > Who cares? If Americans want room to drive and get places and
         | park then let them.
         | 
         | It's terrible for the environment and leads to soulless shitty
         | suburbs rather than vibrant, dense neighbourhoods.
        
           | donatj wrote:
           | How is having some open space worse for the environment than
           | being tightly packed? That seems baseless
        
             | virgildotcodes wrote:
             | If you concentrate all the people into a small area you use
             | less energy for transportation and you use less land
             | overall, it's a lot more efficient.
        
             | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
             | Dense urban life is far more environmentally friendly and
             | efficient in terms of consumption than suburban life.
        
               | LooseMarmoset wrote:
               | I call shenanigans. Take a look at any dense urban
               | environment:
               | 
               | * Concrete and asphalt EVERYWHERE. Ask yourself about the
               | carbon cost of all that concrete - which, in the
               | northeast, requires constant repair.
               | 
               | * Street lighting - I mean, you can see dense, urban
               | areas from freaking space - think about all the energy
               | that takes. Is that environmentally friendly and
               | efficient?
               | 
               | * Heat islands - Dense, urban areas concentrate so much
               | heat they literally change local weather.
               | 
               | * I've got an entire ecosystem of nature right in my back
               | yard. Trees, wildflowers, grass, an array of wildlife,
               | even a small garden growing local food (that the deer and
               | groundhogs are determined to eat). What do dense, urban
               | environments have? A practical monoculture of pigeons and
               | rats?
        
               | ripley12 wrote:
               | You are effectively arguing that it's better for the
               | environment if we spread out _and use up more land per
               | person_. This is an untenable position.
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | Most of your argument goes against suburban living.
               | 
               | Concrete and asphalt: If you add up all the parking lots
               | and roads in a suburb and divide it by the number of
               | people, the area is much larger than the amount of
               | concrete per apartment dweller.
               | 
               | Street lighting: Again, much higher in the suburbs due to
               | the low density. An apartment building with 100 units
               | might have 10 street lights. Each house could very well
               | have 1 street light in front of it. Not to mention all
               | the arterial stroads where no one lives.
               | 
               | Extra topic - heating: A house is surrounded on 5 sides
               | by cold. An apartment is surrounded on 5 sides by
               | apartment.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | You are more disruptive to that environment in your back
               | yard than you would be if you moved to a city.
               | 
               | That's exactly the problem. Any asphalt and concrete you
               | add is sustaining 1 person. Any asphalt and concrete in
               | an urban place is sustaining 1000s of people.
               | 
               | You burn more fossil fuels in the winter to stay warm.
               | You burn more fossil fuels to provide 1 source of light
               | that only you use.
               | 
               | The multiplier you're missing is the number of people we
               | service with the things we're doing in an urban
               | environment.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Why do you assume parent burns more fossil fuels?
               | 
               | Having a 1,000s crammed into small spaces is China and
               | that populatin density caused covid, sars, etc to spread.
               | It's not health physically or for your psychology to live
               | in an endless noise, light polluting environment.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | There's an ocean of cities that people like between what
               | you're describing and suburbia.
               | 
               | What non-US cities do most people like to visit?
               | 
               | You can look up suburban fossil fuel usage per capita vs
               | urban fossil fuel usage per-capita just as well as I can.
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | > that population density caused covid, sars, etc to
               | spread
               | 
               | I wonder why the USA, with all its fantastic green
               | suburbs and private motor transport, had a much higher
               | COVID case rate and death rate per capita than other
               | countries that have denser urban living?
        
             | kasey_junk wrote:
             | Parking lots vs tightly packed is a false dichotomy. You
             | could use the parking lot space for parks for instance.
        
             | throw0101c wrote:
             | > _How is having some open space worse for the environment
             | than being tightly packed?_
             | 
             | All that open space means things are farther apart and you
             | have to expend more energy to get from Point A to Point B.
             | Less density means more joules per capita for
             | transportation:
             | 
             | * https://transportgeography.org/contents/chapter4/environm
             | ent...
             | 
             | Does it take more energy to drive 5 minutes to the store to
             | pick up some milk and eggs, or to walk (or cycle) 5 minutes
             | to the store?
             | 
             | * https://www.vox.com/science-and-
             | health/2017/1/26/14388942/bu...
        
             | ripley12 wrote:
             | Scenario 1: lots of land dedicated to car storage, people
             | are spread out, commutes are longer and must be done by car
             | 
             | Scenario 2: less land dedicated to parking, people live
             | closer together, commutes are shorter and can more often be
             | done by bike/transit/walking
             | 
             | It's pretty clear which of those is better for the
             | environment.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Which one is better for your environment? Pollution
               | filled cities or open country air?
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | Cars cause the pollution. Cities would be cleaner if
               | suburbanites didn't drive in.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Cars are only a small part of the pollution problem.
        
               | c-cube wrote:
               | Then please inform us on what causes the bulk of
               | pollution in cities. It's certainly not metros or
               | bicycles.
        
             | xracy wrote:
             | I live in a 1600 sqft house on a 5600 sqft lot. If everyone
             | in the US lived in that area, we would take up ~51,423,324
             | acres (assuming population of 400 million). (~2.7% of the
             | Continental US)
             | 
             | If instead, every person took up 800 sqft in an apartment
             | building, and assuming absolutely no vertical building, we
             | would take up ~1/7th of that space (7,346,189 acres, 0.38%
             | of the Continental US). That would free up ~44 Million
             | acres of open space. Every level up you build, you get to
             | increase the amount of open space by A further 6/7ths of
             | the previous value.
             | 
             | Now, Admittedly, this is back-of-the-envelope math that
             | doesn't work for all scenarios (farms and whatnot are a
             | separate thing). But pretending that suburbanism is better
             | for "open space" is a load of BS. Urbanism provides more
             | open space.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | What's wrong with using 2.7% for housing? That seems low
               | compared to many countries. Isn't that the American
               | dream?
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | What's wrong is that I don't live on what is even the
               | smallest per-state average of sqft for a single family
               | home.
               | 
               | average yard size is ~4x that. So that's 4x less open
               | space. You're also assuming that all parts of the US are
               | equally habitable. We're doing a lot of work to try and
               | let people live in increasingly inhospitable deserts.
               | 
               | https://housemethod.com/lawn/average-yard-size/
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | As the article established you then need to take up a
               | similar amount of space for parking, then add the roads
               | so suddenly you're at 10%. I thought you want open
               | spaces?
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | I want less density which makes neighbourhoods have more
               | open spaces. Stacking everyone together in a small postal
               | stamp area creates more overall land that may be open but
               | it creates less open areas where people live.
        
               | goosedragons wrote:
               | I dunno about you but I'd rather have one or two parks in
               | an area than a sea of parking lots.
        
               | xracy wrote:
               | Open areas where people live (people's yards) are
               | famously open to the public. There's certainly not a
               | common acronym for what people don't want happening in
               | their yards...
        
           | DangitBobby wrote:
           | I like my suburb :)
        
             | jen20 wrote:
             | I'd be a lot more amenable to suburbs if they weren't used
             | to try to enforce puritanical ideals - it's usually
             | impossible to walk to a bar from one (much less to a choice
             | of bars).
             | 
             | Some people fix that problem by driving drunk (the stats
             | aren't pretty), but I fix it by living somewhere where
             | there are bars within walking distance, and will not
             | countenance the idea of living in a suburb even if it would
             | cost me 3x less for the same space.
        
           | LooseMarmoset wrote:
           | The words "vibrant, dense neighborhoods" might mean "high
           | crime, low privacy, and high noise" to people who prefer
           | living elsewhere.
           | 
           | Lots of people write glowingly about the "gritty, vibrant"
           | streets of 1970s New York City too. Places like that helped
           | spur the move to the suburbs - ask yourself why.
        
             | noelherrick wrote:
             | Pretty sure that was just racism:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_flight#United_States
        
         | dminvs wrote:
         | It's possible to create parking space that isn't surface lots
        
         | goosedragons wrote:
         | Because it's a terrible, unsustainable way to do society?
         | Should we be dumping our trash on the streets too? I mean who
         | cares?
        
           | richwater wrote:
           | Humans shouldn't be living in shoeboxes stacked 40 floors
           | high. It's disgusting.
        
             | com2kid wrote:
             | The medium density townhome I lived in had more green space
             | accessible to me than the single family home I'm in now.
             | 
             | Turns out 2 large yards are plenty for even 100 families,
             | and lawn care is super affordable when split 100 ways!
        
             | throw0101c wrote:
             | > _Humans shouldn 't be living in shoeboxes stacked 40
             | floors high._
             | 
             | You have a limited view of 'urban living'. Want a front
             | yard, back yard, and garage (attached to a laneway)? Plenty
             | of that was built pre-WW2, and there's no reason why it
             | couldn't be again:
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streetcar_suburb
             | 
             | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWsGBRdK2N0&t=1m8s
             | 
             | The _Oh the Urbanity_ channel has a video on the
             | (misguided) idea that _" urban living" = Manhattan / Hong
             | Kong apartment blocks_:
             | 
             | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCmz-fgp24E
             | 
             | Examples (Streetview) of urban tree-lined streets which can
             | support transit and where cycling is practical (and where a
             | car is an option versus a necessity):
             | 
             | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/125+Hampton+Ave,+Toront
             | o,+...
             | 
             | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/50+Geoffrey+St,+Toronto
             | ,+O...
             | 
             | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/70+Jackman+Ave+Toronto,
             | +ON
             | 
             | See also:
             | 
             | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO6txCZpbsQ&t=9m28s
             | 
             | Fifteen minutes pedalling in one direction is downtown,
             | fifteen minutes in the other is farm land.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | > Humans shouldn't be living in shoeboxes stacked 40 floors
             | high. It's disgusting.
             | 
             | Strawman. No one said anything about 40 floor high
             | shoeboxes.
        
         | notacoward wrote:
         | > If Americans want room to drive and get places and park then
         | let them.
         | 
         | You do realize that much of that parking exists because of
         | mandates and subsidies, right? If Americans want _something
         | else_ then let them. Does your interest in letting people make
         | their own choices extend to other people 's choices as well as
         | your own?
        
         | __derek__ wrote:
         | > my suburban town 25 miles away from a major city's downtown
         | 
         | The article is explicitly about city centers, not suburbs let
         | alone outer ones.
        
         | QIYGT wrote:
         | > If Americans want room to drive and get places and park
         | 
         | A whole lot of Americans don't want that. You can tell by how
         | much more expensive it is to live in walkable city centers than
         | in suburbs.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | You're not adjusting for per-capita. The supply is much
           | smaller for walkable city centers so a much smaller
           | population can support the higher cost.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throw0101c wrote:
         | > _Who cares?_
         | 
         | People who want fiscally responsible government? "The Many
         | Costs of Too Much Parking":
         | 
         | * https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2018/11/20/the-many-
         | cost...
         | 
         | And that's not even getting into high(er) density areas
         | subsidizing low(er) density areas:
         | 
         | * https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2017/1/9/the-real-
         | reason...
         | 
         | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Nw6qyyrTeI
         | 
         | * https://usa.streetsblog.org/2015/03/05/sprawl-costs-the-
         | publ...
         | 
         | * https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2020/4/16/when-
         | apartment...
         | 
         | Want to live in low(er) density areas? Go ahead: but stop
         | externalizing the costs onto others.
        
           | pookah wrote:
           | > People who want fiscally responsible government?
           | 
           | The Washington D.C metro is a multi-billion dollar money pit
           | from hell that's mismanaged and filled with graft, death and
           | delays. California built a 1 billion dollar bus station that
           | nearly collapsed on itself. In the US, some of the most
           | fiscally un-responsible transportation is public government
           | run transportation.
        
             | matchbok wrote:
             | Highways lose far more money than transit. And death?
             | Really? Please look up how many people die on highways vs
             | buses. You have no idea what you are talking about champ.
        
             | throw0101c wrote:
             | > [...] _mismanaged and filled with graft, death and
             | delays._
             | 
             | So no different than highway construction then? The seventh
             | annual report of Highway Boondoggles:
             | 
             | * https://frontiergroup.org/resources/highway-boondoggles/
             | 
             | And let's not forget that it's been empirically measured
             | for decades that building more roads/highways doesn't
             | decrease congestion:
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_demand
             | 
             | And that car-oriented 'improvements' makes things worse for
             | drivers and worse for those for those taking public transit
             | (often due to not being able to afford a car):
             | 
             | > _It is a paradox in that improvements in the road network
             | will not reduce traffic congestion. Improvements in the
             | road network can make congestion worse if the improvements
             | make public transport more inconvenient or if they shift
             | investment, causing disinvestment in the public transport
             | system._
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downs-Thomson_paradox
             | 
             | And that improving things for non-car users can actually
             | make things better for drivers:
             | 
             | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8RRE2rDw4k
             | 
             | * https://fortune.com/2015/09/30/best-country-drive-waze/
             | 
             | * https://archive.ph/S4FKM
             | 
             | In no instantiation of the multiverse does the data show
             | that focusing on car-centric development and private
             | automobile transportation is more efficient, from a fiscal
             | or energy point of view, or better for individuals' health
             | and things like climate change.
             | 
             | Certainly roads are useful for commerce and trade, but
             | personal transportation? Not so much.
        
             | wyre wrote:
             | Compared to Uber that hasn't made a profit in 10 years?
        
       | wasabinator wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | paulryanrogers wrote:
       | Columbus is sprawling, sad to see so much of that from parking
       | and other pavement. As a driver though it is much better than
       | Cleveland.
       | 
       | Ultimately I do wish we had more biking trails and pedestrian
       | friendly cities in Ohio. And I'd trade my car in for an electric
       | bike if my city made it happen.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | Surely, new development can hide the parking in multi-level
       | underground parkades. That solution isn't being rolled in those
       | specific lots for whatever reason. We would have to interview the
       | land owners to understand why they don't develop it into
       | something more useful, _and_ possibly with more parking than it
       | has now. Might it be they are hanging on to the land as an
       | investment, hoping to get more money in the future, and the
       | taxation of parking lots is favorable, not to mention operating
       | costs? Next to no utility bills, no roofs to patch, ...
        
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