[HN Gopher] Clifford Stoll beat the Russians, then made useless,...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Clifford Stoll beat the Russians, then made useless, wondrous
       objects (2016)
        
       Author : Michelangelo11
       Score  : 323 points
       Date   : 2023-03-21 00:37 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (alumni.berkeley.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (alumni.berkeley.edu)
        
       | hhh wrote:
       | I read The Cuckoo's Egg at 18 (almost 7 years ago now...) and
       | have found Cliff (Mr. Stoll sounds too formal) to be a
       | spectacular source of inspiration in my life. From all the
       | Numberphile videos to the talk about teaching in middle school
       | I've always found his energy exciting and try to approach
       | everything with that much enthusiasm.
       | 
       | I need to buy a bottle as a token to have something to remind me
       | of those things long past when my memory alone can do it.
        
       | jgerrish wrote:
       | The article mentions one of the things I remember most about The
       | Cuckoo's Egg. It was Stoll's use of simple tech, a printer, to
       | securely log the activities of the intruder.
       | 
       | No worrying about tampered logs, or any of that.
       | 
       | Of course, he had physical security at Lawrence Berkeley Lab.
       | 
       | I wouldn't want to play that game if I was in an insecure
       | location. It's just not fun.
       | 
       | Still, good book. Formative in my youth.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Partly because, as a physicist and a ham, it was way easier to
         | solder and clip lead some RS232 wires than to reprogram a tty
         | daemon.
        
       | ibestvina wrote:
       | What an amazing person. I first learned about Clifford when he
       | did his TED talk, and I was immediately a fan. The quote from the
       | Hayes Hall Bell Tower resonated, and stayed with me, for all the
       | years since. I'm deeply grateful that people like him exist,
       | sharing their experiences and knowledge while still being simply
       | kind and approachable. If you're reading this, thank you!
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | At 2AM on a rainy Oakland night, thank you very much, BestV.
         | 
         | That TED talk was a bit strange for me - I'd prepared a 1 hour
         | talk: just before going onstage, they told me that I had only
         | 18 minutes.
         | 
         | So I did what I learned in grad school: talk fast and don't
         | give 'em a standing target.
         | 
         | And the chase across campus? Yep happened petty much as I told
         | it. Even now, in the middle of the night, tapping on an iPad, I
         | can remember: All truth is one. In this light . . .
         | 
         | Again, thank you.
        
           | ibestvina wrote:
           | Thank you for the information. I'm sure there are a lot of
           | people who'd be interested in the full 1 hour talk, if you
           | ever find time to film it.
        
       | manv1 wrote:
       | "I realized that the trouble with bong makers is that they're
       | also bong users." - classic!
        
       | Claudus wrote:
       | I remember searching my library for every book I could find on
       | computers and hacking, there weren't many, but I somehow stumbled
       | upon The Cuckoos Egg while flipping through the ancient wooden
       | drawers of the card catalog in my local library. It really was
       | one of the most magical books I've ever read. Since then I've had
       | many exciting experiences of my own in the digital world, and I
       | owe that in part to Clifford Stoll for painting such a vivid an
       | exciting view of his own experiences that helped shape my own
       | imagination.
        
       | nxpnsv wrote:
       | I bought some Klein bottles from Cliff. The single best buying
       | anything online experience I've ever had. AND he's a legend.
        
       | flaschenoeffner wrote:
       | I was an exchange student in Germany when the wall came down. I
       | was a computer science major, and a friend sent me a copy of the
       | Cuckoo's Egg. That book made me feel excited about my future
       | profession and opened my eyes to a world that I was largely
       | unaware of. It also convinced me that grad school was something I
       | had to experience. The book altered the path my life was on in a
       | very good way. Thank you, Cliff!
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | My happy greetings back to you!
         | 
         | Those times opened my eyes as well. It marked a watershed
         | between days of computing innocence (an academic playground)
         | and the era of a global commercial system with deep
         | implications of security.
        
       | phist_mcgee wrote:
       | I was the only student in my CS class who actually read the
       | Cuckoo's Egg as part of our operating systems unit (everyone else
       | just looked up a synopsis on wikipedia). So glad I did, it was
       | such a fun read. Greetings from Australia!
       | 
       | Just purchased a klein bottle as well!
        
       | RigelKentaurus wrote:
       | I wasn't familiar with Dr Stoll or Klein bottles. It was great to
       | read this. As a Cal alum, the sheer number of
       | awesome/weird/creative people associated with the university and
       | city continues to inspire and astonish me. Fiat lux!
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Luis Alvarez used to have a weekly physics seminar at his
         | house, just north of campus (on Cedar Street). I was honored to
         | do one of the Tuesday evening talks and get flak from all the
         | physics jocks. Berekeley in the 1980's.
        
       | pie314isi wrote:
       | I have once of his Klein bottles. It came in the most amazing
       | personally decorated package that I've kept that too, and value
       | it almost as highly as the glassware.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Once, a postal letter-carrier asked me why I scribbled
         | "nonorientable" on my package. I began to tell her the
         | mathematical meanings of the word, and she interrupted me to
         | say that she knew its meaning - she wanted to know what kind of
         | topological shape was in the box. Wow: she knew topology!
         | 
         | Since then, I scribble it on every box I mail, in honor of her.
        
           | 31337Logic wrote:
           | Any previous doubts I may have had regarding the authenticity
           | of this "CliffStoll" account have now evaporated. ;-)
           | 
           | Thank you, Cliff, for all that you've done. Clearly, you've
           | left a mark on many souls... and we're all the better for it.
           | :-)
        
       | robbiet480 wrote:
       | I've been meaning to buy an Acme Klein bottle for years now,
       | especially because I live near Cliff in Oakland so it's not like
       | he's far away!
       | 
       | Maybe this weekend...
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Colby Street, near college & alcatraz. But call first --
         | several houseguests this week!
        
       | FeepingCreature wrote:
       | I still type `ps ax` because that's the syntax I picked up from
       | Cuckoo's Egg. Learnt that command several years before I
       | installed Linux for the first time. <3
       | 
       | IMO, the second lesson of Google is to never trust the first
       | Google hit, or the second or the third... the Internet doesn't
       | really teach you how to investigate questions on your own - then
       | again, what does but experience - but it does teach you the art
       | of detecting bullshit. Even on sites like Stack Overflow, I find
       | myself looking at the top answer, going "no, that's obviously
       | wrong, next, next, next... ah, this answer added two years late
       | at zero votes looks promising." If you just follow the first
       | thing Google tells you, you'll fall on your face pretty reliably.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | My fingers, too, were trained so long ago. The ls command?
         | -lastF no matter what version. Still find myself using /more/
         | rather than /less/ or any of the more modern versions. Yep,
         | there are still a few dinosaurs left...
         | 
         | Behind a pi-hole, those first google hits tend to be blocked
         | ads, so some people follow follow your advice by default.
        
           | hyperman1 wrote:
           | I got your book before I got my first 80386 based computer. I
           | upgrade from ps ax to ps axu, but apart from that, you
           | learned me some UNIX before I got a computer.
           | 
           | What I remember most of the book is the talks with Luis
           | Alvarez, and the influence it had on how you examined the
           | attacker. So while you didn't turn me into a (professional)
           | astronomer, you might have managed to turn me into a
           | scientist.
           | 
           | BTW, even if the computer stuff is completely outdated, the
           | problem solving attitude that speaks out of the book is a
           | reason why I still recommend it to youngsters. I recently
           | bought an English edition to read it in the original
           | language, too.
           | 
           | BTW2, regarding dinosaurs, my old professor could never get
           | the hang of this new-fangled windows stuff. We always saw him
           | struggling with notepad, typing stuff like :wq in it and
           | cursing when it didnt work. One day, we took pity on him and
           | installed cygwin and a windows-compatible vi. Good times ;-)
        
       | h0l0cube wrote:
       | Recently the Malicious Life podcast has been covering the
       | Lawrence Berkeley hack in depth
       | 
       | https://malicious.life/episode/episode-210/
        
       | csours wrote:
       | Cuckoo's Egg is so much more than a hacking story. It's a history
       | of a time when the internet was tiny and people assumed good
       | faith. It's a history of a time when very few people were
       | interested in or believed that computer crime was real or had any
       | impact.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | It was long ago, when almost nobody had a 2400 baud modem,
         | hardly anyone knew of the Arpanet, and pocket pagers were a
         | rarity.
         | 
         | Everything's changed: today, almost nobody has a 2400 baud
         | modem, hardly anyone knows of the Arpanet, and pocket pagers
         | are a rarity.
        
           | zabzonk wrote:
           | Weren't they 2800, not 2400? I always liked the sounds they
           | made when they were dialling up.
           | 
           | Nobody will ever miss pagers, IMHO. I used to have to carry
           | one to support a trading server at a bank (Credit Suisse,
           | somewhat topically) and I used to dread it going off in the
           | middle of the night because something had gone horribly wrong
           | in Hong Kong. We eventually re-wrote the server so it was
           | trivial to restart & managed to shuffle off responsibility
           | for it to the locals. Bye-bye pager and good riddance!
           | 
           | Liked your books, BTW!
        
             | bb88 wrote:
             | 110. Then 300. Then 600. Then 1200. Then 2400. Then 4800.
             | Then 9600. Then 14.4k. Then 28.8k. Then 33.6k. Then 56k.
        
             | wrigby wrote:
             | Perhaps you're thinking of the considerably faster 28800
             | modems?
        
               | zabzonk wrote:
               | probably so - my bad
        
           | JanneVee wrote:
           | I remember that humor from Silicon Snake Oil, it was a
           | wonderful book. I think back to it when working in an
           | industry where everyone takes a tractable problem and makes
           | it intractable for "job security".
        
           | Freewoll wrote:
           | After I read The Cuckoo's Egg many years ago, I sent you a
           | goofy fan email and you replied! Totally amazed by this whole
           | instant world connectivity thing. 1 1 was a race horse...
           | Still got a dot matrix printout of it somewheres... :)
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | > pocket pagers are a rarity.
           | 
           | Unless you're a retained or volunteer firefighter, he said,
           | looking at the box of a thousand pagers that need programmed
           | up and sent out.
        
       | zafka wrote:
       | Hi Cliff, Just want to say how much it brightens my day to see
       | you here. Quite a while I bought a few Klein bottles ( and loved
       | the package inserts ) I work at "big-corp" and every week i host
       | the mental health diplomats "TED talk" A few weeks ago I played
       | your talk "The Call to Learn" for the second time. You are quite
       | the inspiration.
        
       | TexanFeller wrote:
       | I bought one of his klein bottles expecting only a klein bottle.
       | Much to my surprise even the cardboard box it came in was hand
       | decorated with drawings made in marker. Inside there was a packet
       | of information about klein bottles stuffed to the gills with
       | witty humor about topology and science and signed by Cliff. Every
       | detail made me laugh and smile. This is so clearly a labor of
       | love for him, I've never seen anyone else put this much effort
       | into bringing joy into the world.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Indeed, my friend from Texas -- if you wish to teach math, it
         | takes a bit of effort and humor.
         | 
         | Same with computing - you put yourself in the shoes of your
         | student.
        
       | donatj wrote:
       | Cliff Stoll is a super interesting character. His Numberphile
       | videos are amongst my favorites.
       | 
       | I actually ran into him on Reddit of all places a couple weeks
       | ago. I was looking into air filters for my Mac Studio and I found
       | a post where he had built a special stand with a cut up furnace
       | filter to help protect his Mac Studio from dust. I recognized his
       | garage from Numberphile and asked if it was him, sure enough.
       | 
       | I mean to actually build something like his contraption. My old
       | house collects so much dust.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Thank you Donat -- your happy note brings a smile to this tired
         | astronomer's face,
         | 
         | We have two wonderful cats who enjoy shedding cat hair around
         | my desk. The new Mac Studio draws cooling air from the tabletop
         | ,resulting cat fluff clogging the air passages. As you saw,
         | it's a chance to research how filter media work, and to home
         | brew a solution that keeps everyone happy: computer, Cliff, and
         | cats.
        
       | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
       | Haven't seen anyone mention the 1990 documentary:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGv5BqNL164
       | 
       | It's amazing to see how little he's changed.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | A third of a century, two kids, and several turns in the road.
        
           | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
           | I suspect you wouldn't be as quick cycling up that hill at
           | the start of that film.
        
       | inconceivable wrote:
       | i bought one of his bottles during the pandemic because i needed
       | to gussy the place up a bit for spending more time in. highly
       | recommended. i think i have his handwritten note ... somewhere
       | around here ...
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | If you can't find that handscribbled note, you can substitute
         | this finger-poked reply, Inconcee. I do try to write something
         | on each kleinbottle order -- indeed, I try to have fun with my
         | zero-volume business.
        
           | inconceivable wrote:
           | thanks cliff!
        
       | eurasiantiger wrote:
       | The quote from his 1995 book is weird:
       | 
       | > Give the kid a diet of Google
       | 
       | Google was founded in 1998, this quote must be from a later
       | edition of the book.
        
       | creiht wrote:
       | I rarely comment on HN, but I appreciate these moments that
       | remind me that the internet can still be a beautiful place.
       | Cliff, watching the Nova special (and later reading the book),
       | was very formative in deciding to pursue a CS degree, and it has
       | been a blessing to see your humble replies here. Keep doing what
       | you do, and one day I will be able to mark off a bucket list item
       | of being able to stop by and purchase a Klein bottle in person!
        
       | Enderboi wrote:
       | Every few months I keep telling myself I need to buy one of
       | Cliff's Klein bottles to go alongside my (very dogeared)
       | paperback copy of The Cuckoo's Egg :)
       | 
       | Learning all the default VMS passwords definately didn't get me
       | in trouble during High School with the state's herd of Vaxen... I
       | mean the book was right there, in the library! Wink wink :P
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | You used VMS in high school? You must be old enough to vote!
         | 
         | Blushing slightly, my high school had an IBM 1620, where I
         | learned machine coding, assembler, and that most modern
         | language, Fortran. 1965: punch-cards and blinking panel lights.
         | 
         | Yep, I feel like a fossil.
        
       | jacknews wrote:
       | Bah they forgot to mention the best bit.
       | 
       | He keeps already-made klein bottles in the crawlspace under his
       | house, and built a remote controlled fpv mini-forklift to
       | retrieve them on demand:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-k3mVnRlQLU
        
         | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
         | The longer i think about projects such as this, the more
         | convinced i am that a small rail system such as it is for
         | hollywood, and little wagons with containers would be ideal for
         | such a house storage space. Just one motor and a linear
         | distance index and you can turn that space into a storage on
         | rail.
        
           | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
           | And come to think of it, that rail system could fit
           | anywhere.. have old AC ducts? Rail Storage. High Rooms? Rail
           | Storage behind a drop ceiling! Garagespace? But rails on a
           | rack..
           | 
           | Have rubys in a mine? Goto put it on rails. Idea runaway
           | exception thrown..
        
           | CliffStoll wrote:
           | A problem that recurs in my little storage system is precise
           | 4 degree-of-freedom positioning in a complex environment.
           | Locating the forklift to centimeter accuracy (X,Y, Z and
           | theta) has been a programming challenge, as well as properly
           | handling palletized boxes. Much fun to figure out, but it's
           | still way more efficient to guide the forklift using cameras
           | and remote hand-control.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Sigh -- for all the time it saves me in carrying boxes from the
         | crawlspace under our house ... I probably spend as much time
         | fixing, maintaining and improving the thing. Much fun, of
         | course -- I've built a line following device for it and played
         | with PyTorch to get it to semiautomaticly pick boxes from
         | stock. Yep - every minute it saves me goes right back into
         | fooling around with the three-wheeled beast.
        
           | jacknews wrote:
           | You're doing extremely well if you're breaking even!
           | 
           | I think sometimes it's all about the journey, not the
           | destination.
        
             | taylorius wrote:
             | "You're doing extremely well if you're breaking even!"
             | 
             | The automater's slightly underwhelming battle cry! :-D
        
           | sanderjd wrote:
           | Classic: https://xkcd.com/1319/ ("Automation").
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | Yeah, but building a robot is fun in the way that moving
           | bottles is not, so the time costs on each are very different!
        
           | adityaathalye wrote:
           | Well I happen to think that's a good general strategy to live
           | life. Replace non-fun labour and time with fun labour and
           | time. No matter then, if the fun version is all about
           | automating the non-fun version (or vice versa)!
        
             | bb88 wrote:
             | There's a book called "Automate the boring stuff with
             | python."
             | 
             | https://automatetheboringstuff.com/
        
           | godtoldmetodoit wrote:
           | Cliff, I just wanted to take a moment to say that The
           | Cuckoo's Egg was formative in my youth and was definitely one
           | of things that led me into getting into IT and programming.
           | You just seem like such a nice, wonderful, fascinating human.
           | Hope you have a great day!
        
             | CliffStoll wrote:
             | Thanks to you, GTMTDI! May your career be as satisfying
             | (but hopefully less interesting) than mine.
             | 
             | My day? Oh, it looks like I'll be sending out Klein bottles
             | (thanks to Hacker News people!). I suspect that I'm the
             | only shipping clerk in Northern California with a degree in
             | planetary physics.
        
           | l-albertovich wrote:
           | Oh boy! Ever since I listened to The cuckoo's egg I wanted to
           | reach out to tell you how much I loved it, I enjoyed ever
           | single minute out of the almost 13 hours so thank you very
           | much for it.
           | 
           | I'm looking forward to reading or listening to Silicon snake
           | oil and High tech heretic but those are not available in
           | Storytel so I'll have to wait until I have time to read them
           | in paper.
        
             | jacknews wrote:
             | +1 I think I was gifted a copy of the book when it came
             | out.
             | 
             | It sat on a shelf for a few months, and then I casually
             | picked it up late one workday evening ... and didn't put it
             | down again until the last page.
             | 
             | Just in time to leave for work the following morning, lol.
        
               | l-albertovich wrote:
               | Yeah, not only the story was really interesting from a
               | technical point of view but the storytelling and the
               | social aspects of his relationship with his SO and their
               | social circle were really enjoyable.
               | 
               | I even chuckled when he got mad and went to the garage to
               | sand stuff (I won't spoil the rest) because of how close
               | to home the entire thing hit.
        
           | jjkaczor wrote:
           | Heh - it's a "project" - myself, between learning to do 3d
           | printing, in order to build parts/widgets to get my diode
           | laser running for etching/engraving/cutting, it is an endless
           | stream of tweaking this or that. OTOH, I am able to
           | repair/replace things that would have been junk. (For
           | example, I have a keyboard slider tray, where during a move,
           | I lost the plastic sliders - those little parts paid for the
           | cost of the 3d printer)
           | 
           | Go next level - implement a QR code label and recognition
           | system, so it can find the correct box automatically. (Sorry,
           | couldn't resist)
           | 
           | Also - thank-you for your books, I read "The Cuckoo's Egg"
           | when I was 18 and it was one of the most amazing things I had
           | read to that point. (I also loved "Silicon Snake Oil" - but
           | missed "High-Tech Herectic")
        
       | xenolithis wrote:
       | Cliff in here responding to so many comments is the best thing
       | I've seen so far this year. Great to see someone who shares
       | experience and nurtures the tech community still so involved.
       | Thanks for all you do!
        
       | woolion wrote:
       | The Cuckoo's egg is part of 'history of hackers' literature that
       | fascinated me when I got into computer science. At the time I was
       | spending my time with algorithms, so computers were paper
       | theoretical devices on one side, and media devices on the other.
       | There another hidden world with some people that were driven by
       | an enormous thirst for knowledge that could do fantastic things.
       | 
       | One thing that humans don't really manage well is understand how
       | much an activity will change you in the process. It's a cliche,
       | if you fight a monster you become a monster, because you're
       | forced to use some methods that will have an impact on your
       | psyche. The book delves in how the chase of this hacker bled into
       | the author's personal life, and how his simplistic worldview was
       | not enough to manage the different conflicts that were at play.
       | Yet the direction into which he was pulled was so opposite to his
       | own inclinations that it forced him to reflect on it in a more
       | conscious manner. This thought process was both interesting,
       | relatable, and illuminating.
       | 
       | I don't see that mentioned anywhere but that left a strong
       | impression on me (hopefully I'm not wrong, this was more than 15
       | years ago...).
        
         | ggerules wrote:
         | Yes, "The Cuckoo's Egg", also left a big impression on me, for
         | my 20ish year old self. It was one of the books that lead me to
         | get a Ph.D. and pursue math and computer science. Thanks!
        
           | CliffStoll wrote:
           | You're very welcome! Your work in computing and math will
           | change our world; may it be for the better.
        
         | yenda wrote:
         | I worked for a year for Pengu, one of the hackers. I never
         | dared to ask about that part of his path. He had a custom
         | arcade game running the game in the office, that was the
         | closest thing to the topic. He really moved on with his life.
         | 
         | If you wonder, at the time, the company was doing claims
         | processing for a big insurance company in the US
        
           | justanother wrote:
           | I met up with Hans on X.25 just a couple years after the book
           | came out, when he was at Artcom. I found him to be incredibly
           | nice, and he even ran a small BBS and was helping me get a
           | VAX account to explore VMS a bit. I don't recall why, but we
           | eventually lost touch. This year I noticed him on Github
           | doing some hardware-related stuff though.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Whew!
         | 
         | You said it. I hadn't thought about who I was or anything
         | beyond my techy life in Berkeley. I figured that I was an
         | apolitical Berkeley longhair, attending Dead concerts and
         | biking along verdant streets.
         | 
         | It took a directed attack against my systems, my colleagues,
         | and my community, to wake me up.
        
           | revomatrix wrote:
           | whoa ..this is Cliff Stoll.
           | 
           | I'm still reading that yellow book The Cuckoo's Egg btw
           | ..totally amazed me ..
        
         | sanderjd wrote:
         | This is the dynamic that blew my mind and made me love Ender's
         | Game (and a few of its sequels).
        
           | woolion wrote:
           | It's the third time this month I see a mention of this book,
           | and every time it seems interesting. I'll try to read it
           | soon!
        
             | ddulaney wrote:
             | Ender's Game is quite good, though the sequels get mixed
             | reviews. You should be aware going in that the author
             | really dislikes gay people. This doesn't come up much in
             | Ender's Game, but it does tinge things and is a real theme
             | in his other books.
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | Yep, I definitely don't universally vouch for Card, but I
               | do still have very warm feelings toward Ender's Game, and
               | also find a lot to value in the sequels, despite them
               | being more hit or miss.
        
               | effingwewt wrote:
               | 'Tinge things'?
               | 
               | If an author's personal political and morality views
               | change your enjoyment of books you'd only be able to read
               | things from the last decade.
               | 
               | As far as I remember homosexuality didn't even really
               | come up in Ender's Game, its prequels mor sequels.
               | 
               | I read Songmaster by OSC as a teenager, and that wasn't
               | what I took away from it.
               | 
               | There was a gay relationship that was at times hard to
               | read for me as it went into such detail.
               | 
               | Being straight it helped me see things' from the other
               | side' so to speak.
               | 
               | It wasn't until I was a grown adult and had already read
               | everything OSC had written that I found out he was a
               | conservative Mormon.
        
               | ddulaney wrote:
               | > If an author's personal political and morality views
               | change your enjoyment of books you'd only be able to read
               | things from the last decade.
               | 
               | Not necessarily enjoyment, but they definitely change my
               | perspective on the books. I read them, I sometimes love
               | them, but I read them differently knowing what I do about
               | the author. I don't need or want to agree with every view
               | an author has. But I do want to read their writing in
               | context, including historical context. You should still
               | read Ender's Game, and you can definitely still like it
               | (I know I do!).
               | 
               | > homosexuality didn't even really come up in Ender's
               | Game
               | 
               | Yeah, that's fair. Lots of adjacent things did though:
               | masculinity, sexuality, and violence in that context (for
               | example, in the shower fight scene). I think his views on
               | homosexuality are reflected in how he addresses those
               | topics, even though it's not the main idea of the book.
               | So yes: tinged. Not ruined, or unreadable, or canceled.
               | But definitely there.
        
               | effingwewt wrote:
               | Adjacent to homosexuality?
               | 
               | I mean no offense I just honestly do not understand.
               | 
               | I've read the entire series and EG in particular more
               | times over than I can remember- more than any other books
               | and I just don't see what you do, but I guess reading a
               | story is a personal journey we all take alone.
               | 
               | Could be that what colors the glasses we view the stories
               | through are our own personal experiences.
               | 
               | Appreciate you taking the time to help me understand.
        
       | evanb wrote:
       | CliffStoll, can you tell Brady from Numberphile that it's an
       | internet crime to sit on a Numberphile video with you in it for
       | 2+ years?!
       | 
       | I loved the most recent small-business-oriented Numberphile, by
       | the way :)
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Those Numberphile videos? It's way fun when Brady stops by my
         | house. I try to have two or three ideas somewhat organized.
         | Some are simple flops or stumbles; others just seem to click.
         | Like any improv performance.
         | 
         | Thanks, of course for your smile about that recent video - yep,
         | I did it offhand a couple years ago; I'd pretty much forgotten
         | about it when -zooks- suddenly I'm staring at 3 dozen Klein
         | bottle orders to send out.
         | 
         | Brady Haran, incidentally, is a terrific interviewer and
         | producer. It's a joy to work with him.
        
       | pbh101 wrote:
       | My grandfather gave me a worn copy of 'The Cuckoo's Egg' for our
       | 12+-hour road trip back home after visiting them for the summer
       | when I was in middle school. Fastest ride home ever, and I had
       | nearly finished it by the time we arrived. Had a big influence on
       | my career path. Thanks, Cliff!
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | My happy greetings back to you, PBH. Not sure if I'd meant to
         | influence your career (hadn't thought of that when I wrote the
         | book); I'm astonished at how it turned out.
        
       | ahoya wrote:
       | I ordered one of these as a gift recently and his email as well
       | as the extensive paperwork that comes with the bottle or
       | fantastic works of science fiction in and of themselves. Didn't
       | realize he wrote the cuckoos egg
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Thank you, indeed -- hadn't thought of my topological
         | propaganda as exactly science fiction, but I guess you're
         | right. Same with my dissertation on Jupiter's atmosphere, but
         | for slightly different reasons.
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | I'm all filled up on anti-Russian sentiment for about 10-15
       | years, thanks.
       | 
       | We don't need any more headlines about "beating the Russians"
       | right now. Especially not from cogs of The Machine like Berkeley.
        
       | cactusplant7374 wrote:
       | > Sure enough, the perpetrator bit--and stayed on the line long
       | enough for Deutsche Bundespost to locate him at his home in
       | Hanover, West Germany.
       | 
       | We need details on how this was accomplished.
        
         | yodon wrote:
         | > We need details on how this was accomplished
         | 
         | The book he wrote on it [0] is a great read
         | 
         | [0]https://www.amazon.com/CUCKOOS-EGG-Clifford-Stoll-
         | ebook/dp/B...
        
           | CliffStoll wrote:
           | And for every copy you purchase, almost a nickel directly
           | goes into my kids' tuition and/or bail fund.
        
             | WelcomeShorty wrote:
             | > my kids' tuition and/or bail fund.
             | 
             | You made me spill my coffee :) Will certainly use that in
             | front of my kids.
        
               | CliffStoll wrote:
               | Why are drinking coffee at 2AM ?
               | 
               | (Insomniac Cliff in Oakland,California)
        
             | peterfirefly wrote:
             | I bought it in Denmark either in late '89 or early '90 --
             | can't remember.
             | 
             | The Central Station in Copenhagen had bookstore that sold
             | "airport literature" but for trains -- I think I bought it
             | there.
             | 
             | Thank you for a good read!
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cuckoo%27s_Egg_(book)
        
       | thaumaturgy wrote:
       | To his unpopular commentary on the impacts of computing and
       | electronics on daily life, I'm agreeing with him more and more as
       | I get older. I don't _think_ it 's early-onset curmudgeoness,
       | although I'm not sure I'd know if it was.
       | 
       | Still, I grew up at a time just before computers were a normal
       | part of everyone's life, and now they dominate my time and
       | attention and other resources in a way I don't think _anyone_
       | could have imagined circa 1985. We see enough articles on this
       | site about the consequences of ...excessive computing (?) on
       | sleep and mental health and physical health, we should be able to
       | agree generally that there are some negative effects, as with all
       | technologies. From there, it 's only another step to start to
       | find some common ground with Mr. Stoll's views on it, and I hope
       | he sees that happen.
        
       | chrisweekly wrote:
       | > "The coolest thing about being human is to learn, but you don't
       | learn things by looking it up; you learn by figuring it out."
       | 
       | Wisdom.
        
       | aanet wrote:
       | Oh wait, Cliff Stoll is in the house?? Wow. Whoda thunk.
       | 
       | Dr Stoll -- if you're reading this -- your book _The Cuckoo's
       | Egg_ made _such_ a lasting impression on this young, precocious
       | teen, who read everything in he could lay his hands on. This is
       | the very late 80s or early 90s - and I had read some excerpts in
       | _Reader 's Digest_, out in the middle of nowhere, in a village in
       | India. It (among other books) inspired me to study computer
       | networking in my undergrad (thank the IITs) and started my career
       | in the networking industry.
       | 
       | When I found myself in the US in the mid-90s, with barely a few
       | dollars in my wallet, yours was the _first_ book I purchased from
       | that lonely bookstore in the strip mall in Los Angeles. I was so
       | poor that I had to choose between getting _my_ copy of the book,
       | or a half-a-week 's worth of dinner. I chose the former, and it
       | made all the difference. It still sits here on my shelf, now
       | accompanied by a few hundred other books, but it will always have
       | a special place in my heart.
       | 
       | To be honest, I contemplated a career in security, but other
       | fields called my name. FWIW, I now work on autonomous vehicles.
       | Yours is a book I gift any one of my friends/nephews/nieces who I
       | think has the potential to be inspired. So far, I've given it to
       | about half a dozen people.
       | 
       | FWIW, when I read the _Silicon Snake Oil_, I wasn't impressed as
       | much.. But over the years I have come to respect the sentiments
       | behind it. Life is better, far richer, outside, and with a few
       | loved ones, than in front of the computer, whatever form it may
       | have taken. I believe a lot of people have come to the same
       | conclusion, with or without agreeing with your theses.
       | 
       | Now that I am in the Bay Area (twists of fortune), I would love
       | to get myself one of your Klein Bottles.
       | 
       | <3
        
       | andreareina wrote:
       | Mentions, mentions everywhere / nor a link to click
       | 
       | https://www.kleinbottle.com/
        
         | thanatos519 wrote:
         | Many years ago Cliff would only charge for the prime-numbered
         | bottles in your order, so I got a group of friends together and
         | we ordered 16 to save money by only paying for 7. I don't see
         | that offer on the website anymore!
        
           | CliffStoll wrote:
           | Wow! You're right! 25 years ago, when I startedAcme Klein
           | Bottle, I wondered how to properly do quantity discounts.
           | 
           | Short story: Around 1996, my wife laughed at me when I told
           | her that I was ordering 25 Klein bottles. "You'll never sell
           | that many," she said. "Hardly anyone knows what these are,
           | and nobody needs one. You'll take most of 'em to the dump."
           | 
           | Thank you, Thanatos for helping prove her wrong.
        
       | netfortius wrote:
       | Read his book in the early 90s, as result of a presentation he's
       | given in Chicago. Working on SUN Sparcstations running Solaris,
       | at the time, made his entire story extraordinarily exciting for
       | the much younger me, and was one of the deciding factors to drop
       | all that I was doing (had a PhD in engineering, and was using the
       | computers for math modeling of fluid dynamics), go back to
       | school, get my CS degree and move onto a completely different
       | professional world. Thank you, Cliff!
       | 
       | Note: never liked his Silicon Snake Oil book :(
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | And you're very welcome, NetFort. Sparcstations? Oh my - zippy
         | little guys that outgrew the VME crates of earlier Sun boxes.
         | Like you, I loved the astonishing speeds of new computers - 25,
         | 50, even 100MHz clocks. And in such small packages -- why all
         | that power could fit in an office!
        
       | YoooThere wrote:
       | I bought one of Cliff's Klein bottles years ago and it still has
       | pride of place on one of my bookshelves. I cannot describe how
       | excited I was to find someone actually making them and that they
       | were affordable!
        
       | beej71 wrote:
       | I have one of his bottles on my desk. We paid him a visit once
       | afternoon and can confirm he's just the nicest geek you've ever
       | met. Plus a chance to meet one of my childhood heroes in
       | person...
       | 
       | I don't know if he still encourages visitors, but if he does, I
       | highly recommend it.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | My happy greetings to you, BJee. I certainly appreciate your
         | kind note, not to mention your help with m'kid's tuition. Math
         | & Computing folk do continue to visit, perhaps encouraged by
         | the free admission to the East Bay (we charge $7 to get out, by
         | way of the Bay bridge)
        
           | reidjs wrote:
           | It's $7 to go back :p
        
       | 31337Logic wrote:
       | I love how a simple mention of Cliff Still in 2023 can still
       | generate over 100 lovely comments in a handful of hours.
       | 
       | Thanks for being a truly good person, Cliff. ;-)
        
       | davidw wrote:
       | The first time I lived in Italy, in the mid-90ies, the internet
       | was not the ubiquitous thing that it is now so I was not very
       | well connected with the rest of the world, and getting English
       | language books was not so easy. I had a copy of that book that I
       | think I read 5 times. I was also getting into Linux, so the whole
       | thing was super cool and motivational.
       | 
       | Mr. Stoll occasionally drops by this site (
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/threads?id=CliffStoll ), so if he
       | sees this: thanks!
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | And my warm greetings back to you David -- it sends me back a
         | few decades too!
        
       | vintagedave wrote:
       | I bought something like eight Klein bottles in one go from him a
       | couple of years ago, as a thankyou gift to various members of my
       | team at work for a new software release. Not sure if he knew this
       | but I had a spreadsheet tracking what kind of bottle (eg a wine-
       | loving teammate got a Wine Klein, a teammate I've gone for beers
       | with got a Klein Stein, etc), plus the countries they had to go
       | to because many of us work remotely! Germany, Estonia, Chile,
       | California...
       | 
       | Dr Stoll was _incredibly_ friendly during the process of buying
       | all of these (I tried to keep it organised but I did ask him to
       | send eight different packages to something like eight different
       | locations!) and I bought his smallest-model Klein bottle for
       | myself at the same time. It and its accompanying propaganda is
       | one of my prized possessions, sitting on a shelf next to a wild
       | boar's tusk, a 1920s brass charting compass, and other Really
       | Cool Things.
       | 
       | If you read this and happen to remember me, Dr Stoll, I'm very
       | grateful -- plus, I have no idea how to top that gift for my team
       | next time we have a new release out. The next one is later this
       | year. How can I do better than that? I genuinely don't know what
       | to get them next :)
       | 
       | If you're interested, this is his website:
       | https://www.kleinbottle.com/ It has far more than just normal
       | Klein bottles. There are Klein hats. Klein earrings. Klein
       | Erlenmeyer flasks...
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | _> If you read this and happen to remember me, Dr Stoll_
         | 
         | I know he has an HN ID, and has chimed in, from time to time.
         | 
         | I've always enjoyed sharing this planet with him. He's an
         | oddball, but a wonderful one.
        
           | CliffStoll wrote:
           | An oddball? Yep - not sure how I wound up this way. I never
           | could follow the outlines when drawing in kindergarten. And
           | the blursed change from /cmp/ to /key/ from Python 2.7 to 3.n
           | really baked that oddballness into me. I've had to add even
           | more vanilla to my chocolate chip cookies.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | I know how I wound up one. Long story. Get your hanky.
             | 
             | Cheers, and carry on the Wonderful!
        
             | akiselev wrote:
             | Do you use vanilla bean extract or the imitation stuff?
        
               | WorldMaker wrote:
               | A fun suggestion for cookies is to add a shot of a good,
               | but cheap bourbon to add extra vanilla taste (via oak
               | wood's vanillin). The alcohol bakes out at a different
               | rate than other liquid ingredients adding extra texture
               | ("fluffiness") and leaves behind an earthy vanilla that
               | most people can't seem to place until you tell them it
               | was bourbon.
               | 
               | A company called Bourbon Barrel Foods also sometimes
               | sells bourbon-barrel aged, lightly smoked sugars which
               | are another fun way to do it (though volume for taste
               | much more expensive than a cheap shot of bourbon).
        
         | bberenberg wrote:
         | > It and its accompanying propaganda is one of my prized
         | possessions, sitting on a shelf
         | 
         | I bought a Klein mug and agree wholeheartedly. Both the mug
         | itself, and the propoganda is on the \shelf of cool stuff\\.
        
           | CliffStoll wrote:
           | Memo to self: try to stay on the "shelf of cool stuff".
        
             | dllthomas wrote:
             | My bottle likewise sits atop its papers on my shelf of cool
             | stuff. Most of the rest of the stuff is books.
        
         | Legion wrote:
         | That website design is triggering some deep '90s Web nostalgia
         | for me.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Oh! I remember, Dave! You had people working all around the
         | globe, from Santa Cruz all the way up to Scotts Valley. (by way
         | of Estonia, Germany, and lord-knows-where-else). A fun way to
         | learn about customs forms!
        
           | winocm wrote:
           | Cliff, I truly love your enthusiasm and it's inspiring.
        
           | vintagedave wrote:
           | I have to say, "a fun way to learn about customs forms" is
           | the most wholesome way I can think of to respond to something
           | that may have taken you some effort. And I am truly grateful
           | for your assistance in getting those gifts for everyone.
        
           | rjbwork wrote:
           | Gods, HN is so freakin' cool.
           | 
           | Cliff, very unrelated, but your book "The Cuckoo's Egg" was
           | assigned reading during my junior year of HS in my AP
           | Computer Science class. It got me so excited about the
           | material and industry, and here I am nearly 20 years later as
           | a professional software engineer. I really appreciate the
           | impact you had on me!
        
             | CliffStoll wrote:
             | Thank you, RJB - the effect is bidirectional. The work of
             | so many people, building cool things, continues to have a
             | real impact on my life.
             | 
             | Who'd've thought...
        
               | agingllama wrote:
               | Wow, I had to take this chance to let you know how much
               | your book impacted me as well. What I loved so much about
               | "The Cuckoo's Egg" is that it blends a great story,
               | technical details, and personal growth. I've never read
               | anything else like it.
               | 
               | From all the other comments, it seems many people got as
               | much out of it as I did. I especially liked your
               | description of the Emacs bug that allowed outside access
               | to Berkeley's computers. It brought out my great
               | fascination with finding and fixing security holes. Thank
               | you so much for this!
               | 
               | Cliff, if you read this comment, are there any books that
               | impacted you as much as your book impacted all of us?
               | Since reading The Cuckoo's Egg, I've searched for similar
               | books but have yet to find any that feel just as
               | enjoyable. I'm open to recommendations from everyone else
               | as well. :)
        
       | empthought wrote:
       | The book is probably the most important influence on my career in
       | software. I read it when I was about 11, and it was a very
       | reassuring narrative from the point of view of an intelligent and
       | curious person -- who wasn't already an expert in what he found
       | himself working on.
       | 
       | His explanations of the inner workings of networks and computer
       | operating systems both moved the story along, and helped bridge
       | the gap between Logo and BASIC programming and the impenetrable
       | technical manuals for the computers I was using at the time.
       | 
       | It also helped that the commands he listed in the book worked on
       | my school's A/UX computers.
       | 
       | I think reading all of that strengthened my confidence to explore
       | programming and systems without either feeling overwhelmed by
       | information, or restricted to narrow specializations.
        
         | deltarholamda wrote:
         | His "Silicon Snake Oil" was equally important to me in the
         | mid-90s. As a computer guy who was running as fast as I could
         | into everything Internet, it was a real eye opener. It made me
         | look at what I was doing and flip it around. I still ask "is
         | what I'm doing really an improvement, or am I just making a box
         | go 'bing' in a new way?"
         | 
         | It's easy to forget all the nerd stuff we do is supposed to be
         | serving the interests of society, mankind, real people, however
         | you want to think of it. And, sometimes, the question that
         | should be asked is not "can we do it?" but "should we do it?"
         | Social media, for example, should probably have done a bit more
         | introspection before turning us into click-farmers.
        
           | ok123456 wrote:
           | I remember their being a negative backlash against that book.
           | 
           | Most of the Stoll fans on the early internet were expecting
           | some futurist pablum, which he certainly could have sold out
           | and done, but instead offered a polemic.
           | 
           | I read both "The Cuckoo's Egg" and "Silicon Snake Oil" as a
           | young teen and it shaped and tempered my view of technology.
        
             | CliffStoll wrote:
             | You betcha, OKserialdigits -- and thank you.
             | 
             | When I wrote a critique of the early internet, my sister
             | warned me of the costs: Nobody thanks Cassandra.
             | 
             | But -as techies- I believe it's our responsibility to speak
             | against thick hyperbole and unrealistic projections.
             | Progress grows from realistic evaluations and honest
             | criticisms.
        
               | sillyfluke wrote:
               | >Okserialdigits
               | 
               | I like how this contains more characters than ok123456
        
               | deltarholamda wrote:
               | I don't keep a lot of computer books, but I still have
               | "Silicon Snake Oil" and Jaron Lanier's "You Are Not A
               | Gadget".
        
       | mc32 wrote:
       | "I was asking what I thought were reasonable questions: Is the
       | electronic classroom an improvement? Does a computer help a
       | student learn? Yes, but what it teaches you is to go to the
       | computer whenever you have a question, rather than relying on
       | yourself. Suppose I was an evil person and wanted to eliminate
       | the curiosity of children. Give the kid a diet of Google, and
       | pretty soon the child learns that every question he has is
       | answered instantly. The coolest thing about being human is to
       | learn, but you don't learn things by looking it up; you learn by
       | figuring it out."
       | 
       | The question is coming up yet again with current LLMs and other
       | AI. The previous waves displaced some people but generally
       | modernized by automation many manual processes. Will this wave or
       | the next or the next one after that be the one that displaces the
       | need to learn altogether such that we are totally dependent on
       | the machine and find ourselves unable to proceed without it
       | having lost our aptitude to lean? Of course there will be people
       | who keep on learning because of momentum or because they have an
       | affinity for the old ways, just as we have hose riders, despite
       | modern transportation, but not enough to sustain the system were
       | the future generation of AI to fail (for whatever catastrophic
       | reason like solar blast, etc.)
        
         | beefield wrote:
         | Your comment made me think a future world where AI is powerful
         | but capped to the limits of human knowledge. In that world AI
         | makes almost all people (economically) worthless. The exception
         | are the people who take the challenge and study, work and
         | research to expand the human knowledge. Whether this is an
         | utopia or dystopia, I guess depends on how the relationship of
         | these two groups work out.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Oh, but your note resonates with me -- we've slowly changed our
         | what we expect of a learned person. Once, understanding was
         | central. Increasingly, we mainly care about getting the right
         | answer. Or, in the case of AI, something that looks and feels
         | like the right answer.
        
           | hypertexthero wrote:
           | This and the Large Language Model AI stuff reminds me of
           | Feynman's experience teaching in Brazil:
           | 
           | "After a lot of investigation, I finally figured out that the
           | students had memorized everything, but they didn't know what
           | anything meant."
           | 
           | --http://v.cx/2010/04/feynman-brazil-education
           | 
           | I hope curiosity, genuine understanding, and joy remain
           | central for our species.
           | 
           | Thank you for your wonderful work and inspiration, Mr. Stoll!
        
       | zekyl314 wrote:
       | I recall back in 1990 when PBS aired, "The KGB, the Computer, and
       | Me". I was a freshman in high school and immediately fell in love
       | with the documentary. I recorded it on VHS and watched it
       | numerous times. I was already into computers, we had an IBM PC jr
       | and I was fascinated by it. This story made me want to learn more
       | and dive into technology even more.
       | 
       | I recently, within last few years finally picked up the book and
       | read it. It is just a great story. I feel like everything Cliff
       | said, in certain aspects, we still deal with today. I highly
       | recommend the book and watching the documentary.
        
         | AndyMcConachie wrote:
         | The KGB, the Computer, and Me.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGv5BqNL164
        
       | fudgy wrote:
       | Reading the Cuckoo's Nest certainly got me into Unix, networking
       | and security!
       | 
       | Thanks CliffStoll!
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | You're quite welcome, Fudgee. Now the torch is in your hand, to
         | make the internet a better place.
        
       | justin66 wrote:
       | "Useless?" That's some pretty one-dimensional thinking.
        
       | causi wrote:
       | _short for President Reagan's controversial Strategic Defense
       | Initiative program, a proposed "missile shield" that threatened
       | to further destabilize an already tenuous nuclear detente_
       | 
       | Not that SDI was going to work, but I will never understand this
       | "we shouldn't build anti-nuke defenses because it might make the
       | people pointing nukes at us angry" attitude.
        
         | sophacles wrote:
         | A wierd consequence of mutually assured destruction is that you
         | need your adversary to be roughly on par with you. If one side
         | gains a major advantage they may decide to attack knowing that
         | you'll have the worst of it. The weaker side may be more likely
         | to use thier ultimate out of desperation and "nothing left to
         | lose" type thinking.
         | 
         | Further, the way to deal with anti-nuke defenses is to just
         | send more nukes and/or lots of dummies too. Things like iron
         | dome are 90% effective (reportedly, some think that number is
         | too high and has a significant propaganda element)... You dont
         | need a huge success rate for your nukes to be effective.
         | Besides the consequences of a destroyed nuke are not great
         | either, there's still a lot of uranium and plutonium getting
         | dumped into the atmosphere.
         | 
         | If your goal is to end nuclear proliferation, things that
         | increase said proliferation are not ok.
        
           | causi wrote:
           | _If one side gains a major advantage they may decide to
           | attack knowing that you 'll have the worst of it. The weaker
           | side may be more likely to use thier ultimate out of
           | desperation and "nothing left to lose" type thinking._
           | 
           | The US is already at a significant disadvantage. Russia's
           | nuke-based nuclear interceptor missiles are an order of
           | magnitude more effective than America's explosive and
           | kinetic-based interceptors.
        
         | thrwawat36 wrote:
         | I'm not a politician, but it could lead to an escalating arms
         | race that is expensive and benefits nobody.
         | 
         | If Reagan finished SDI, other nations like China/Russia could
         | feel the need to develop a similar program. They would at a
         | minimum start researching ways to work around the insanely
         | expensive SDI program, which would cause it to be obsolete.
         | 
         | The cycle continues and everyone loses money and resources that
         | could be spent on other problems.
        
         | 3pt14159 wrote:
         | If you would like to understand the arguments they're out
         | there. Arms Control Wonk blog and podcast.
         | 
         | My personal view is that we should build them to shield from
         | states like the DPRK, but the contrasting view is that it
         | destabilizes Mutually Assured Destruction. We don't know how
         | many of their missiles we'll be able to intercept in the event
         | of a mass strike, so it could make our leaders overly confident
         | to take actions that would escalate. That's the critique, and I
         | think it has some merit, but I also think that there are people
         | that I admire, like Jeffery Lewis, that hold that view or
         | something similar to it.
         | 
         | For whatever it is worth, I've personally worked on arms
         | control and in intelligence, so this opinion is not coming out
         | of the blue.
        
         | sbarre wrote:
         | Honest question: were you alive during the cold war days?
         | 
         | It was different times, and the overwhelming desire to not
         | escalate or provoke was very real, in a way that just doesn't
         | exist anymore today.
        
       | bjornsing wrote:
       | I have a vague memory of reading his book (or a similar account).
       | The one specific thing I remember is a philosophical rant about
       | how you can never be sure that a hacker will leave a trace within
       | the digital inner world of a computer that they control. For
       | example log files can be edited to remove suspicious activity. So
       | he set up the system so it would log straight to a printer. Much
       | harder to redact paper logs. :)
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Not to mention that it was way easier to use clipleads to
         | connect teletypes and printers to incoming lines. And since the
         | intruders had root access, how do you hide an OS based logger?
        
         | pvillano wrote:
         | The original append-only
        
         | [deleted]
        
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