[HN Gopher] Three Logicians Walk into a Bar
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       Three Logicians Walk into a Bar
        
       Author : tosh
       Score  : 53 points
       Date   : 2023-03-16 17:32 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | lsllc wrote:
       | Can GPT-4 explain the "Three seashells" idea in Demolition Man?
       | 
       | https://screenrant.com/three-seashells-demolition-man-functi...
        
         | kennywinker wrote:
         | I got a reasonable response using this prompt:
         | 
         | > Describe an exact way that the three seashells from
         | demolition man could be used
         | 
         | >> One possible explanation is that the three seashells are
         | used in a specific order to clean oneself after using the
         | restroom. One shell might be used to scrape any solid waste,
         | while another could be used to wipe away any remaining residue.
         | The third shell could then be used to rinse and clean oneself
         | with water.
         | 
         | >> Another possibility is that the shells are not used to
         | directly clean oneself, but rather to activate a cleaning
         | process within the toilet itself. For example, pressing one
         | shell could cause the toilet to release a stream of water for
         | cleaning, while another shell could activate a drying
         | mechanism.
        
       | TechBro8615 wrote:
       | Can the same reasoning explain why type systems need optional
       | generic parameters to come after required generic parameters?
        
       | choeger wrote:
       | What happens if you twist that joke into something that doesn't
       | make sense? Like having the bartender ask "can I bring anyone of
       | you a drink?"
        
         | doctoboggan wrote:
         | Here is GPT-4's answer to that:
         | 
         | This joke is a play on the concept of logical thinking and how
         | logicians approach problems.
         | 
         | When the bartender asks if anyone wants a drink, he's
         | essentially asking if at least one of the three logicians wants
         | a drink. The first logician doesn't know if the other two want
         | a drink, so he can't answer the question with a definitive
         | "yes" or "no." So he says "I don't know."
         | 
         | The second logician hears the first one's answer and concludes
         | that the first logician must want a drink, because if he
         | didn't, he would have said "no" (since he would know that at
         | least one person--himself--doesn't want a drink). However, the
         | second logician still doesn't know if the third logician wants
         | a drink or not, so he also says "I don't know."
         | 
         | The third logician hears both answers and realizes that since
         | neither of the first two said "no," they both must want a
         | drink. So he can confidently say "yes" to the bartender's
         | question, meaning at least one of them wants a drink. The humor
         | lies in the fact that the logicians are using their logical
         | thinking skills to answer a simple question about ordering
         | drinks in a roundabout way.
        
           | stevedewald wrote:
           | That is not correct though. With the question phrased this
           | way the second and third logicians don't know if the previous
           | ones want a drink or not.
        
             | dmurray wrote:
             | They should know. When the first logician answers "I don't
             | know" it makes it clear that he does not want a drink.
        
               | leereeves wrote:
               | That is true, but GPT-4 wrote:
               | 
               | > The second logician hears the first one's answer and
               | concludes that the first logician must want a drink,
               | because if he didn't, he would have said "no"
               | 
               | > The third logician hears both answers and realizes that
               | since neither of the first two said "no," they both must
               | want a drink.
               | 
               | IOW, when asked the puzzle with "anyone", it repeated the
               | explanation for "all", which seems to support the
               | hypothesis that even GPT-4 is still just a "stochastic
               | parrot" repeating what it sees and unable to reason about
               | slight variations.
        
             | benj111 wrote:
             | Yes they do.
             | 
             | The question is if any of them want a drink. Ie if at least
             | one of them wants a drink.
             | 
             | If the first person wants a drink then they know at least
             | one person wants a drink and so could answer "yes". If they
             | don't personally want a drink they don't know if either of
             | the other 2 might want a drink so they would reply "I don't
             | know"
        
               | teawrecks wrote:
               | Correct. The original phrasing is a question of
               | universality, the new phrasing is one of existence. Gpt4
               | continued to explain the joke in terms of the former when
               | it should have been able to adjust for the latter. It has
               | never heard the latter, but it sounded close enough.
               | 
               | On the upside, this makes for a good way to test the
               | logical abilities of a LLM. On the downside, whatever
               | part was considered a "joke" before has been completely
               | obliterated.
        
       | _Microft wrote:
       | Here it is on Nitter if you want to avoid visiting Twitter
       | itself:
       | 
       | https://nitter.net/dmvaldman/status/1636180222759563264
        
       | sbdaman wrote:
       | There is no way only 5% of people understand this joke.
        
         | bigbacaloa wrote:
         | Sure there is. It's not funny.
        
           | Nifty3929 wrote:
           | One can understand it and still not think it's funny
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | aaroninsf wrote:
         | I would be surprised if 5% of college-completing or comparably-
         | educated adults got it. A vanishingly small percentage of
         | people know anything about formal logic. And of those only some
         | fraction internalized it well enough to be facile with it.
         | 
         | If there's one thing more widespread than innumeracy, it's the
         | equivalent wrt syllogistic reasoning.
        
         | bena wrote:
         | I think the caveat might be "until the logic is explained to
         | them".
         | 
         | Kind of like the Monty Hall problem. Some people intuitively
         | get it. They understand that opening one door does not change
         | the odds that they picked the wrong door at first. Some people
         | need to see it played out or have it explained. But once they
         | understand, it's fine.
        
           | jmfldn wrote:
           | Monty Hall isn't like this imho, that's a legit 'veridical
           | paradox' that famously wrong-foots mathematicians.
           | 
           | This is pretty obvious to anyone who knows basic logic, or
           | programmers who work with Booleans all day. That subset of
           | people is quite small though probably.
        
           | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
           | > They understand that opening one door does not change the
           | odds that they picked the wrong door at first.
           | 
           | Yes, they had 1-in-3 chance of getting it right originally,
           | and that won't change if they do nothing...
           | 
           | But of course that means there was a 2-in-3 chance it was one
           | of the other two doors, and one of those has just been
           | eliminated by being opened, meaning the 2-in-3 chance of
           | being right is represented by the remaining door.... So, do
           | you stick with your original door which has 1-in-3 chance of
           | being right, or switch to the other door which you _now_ know
           | has a 2-in-3 chance of being right ?
           | 
           | The key is that they are now being offered the choice to make
           | a better informed choice than they had originally.
        
         | siva7 wrote:
         | You have very much fate in your fellow humans intellectual
         | ability :)
        
       | klyrs wrote:
       | I humbly submit that ChatGPT cribbed the answer from the
       | internet. I started off with a curve ball.
       | 
       | > You
       | 
       | > Please explain this joke: Three philosphers walk by a fortune
       | teller's booth at the fair. The fortune teller asks, "do none of
       | you want your fortunes read?" The first philosopher says "I don't
       | know." The second philospher says "I don't know." The third
       | philospher says "No thank you."
       | 
       | > ChatGPT
       | 
       | > The joke plays on the stereotypical image of philosophers as
       | deep thinkers who constantly question everything. When the
       | fortune teller offers to read their fortunes, the first two
       | philosophers respond with "I don't know" because they are unsure
       | if fortune-telling is a legitimate practice. The third
       | philosopher, however, breaks from the norm and confidently
       | declines the offer. The humor lies in the contrast between the
       | uncertain and contemplative attitudes of the first two
       | philosophers and the straightforward answer of the third.
       | 
       | Doesn't get it... let's try replacing "philosopher" with
       | "logician"
       | 
       | > ChatGPT
       | 
       | > This joke plays with the idea that logicians are known for
       | their analytical and logical thinking, often questioning
       | assumptions and seeking evidence before drawing conclusions. When
       | the fortune teller asks if they want their fortunes read, the
       | first two logicians respond with "I don't know," indicating that
       | they are unsure of the validity of fortune-telling and don't want
       | to base their decisions on uncertain information. The third
       | logician, however, confidently says "No thank you" to the offer,
       | demonstrating his reluctance to rely on supernatural or
       | unprovable claims. Overall, the joke pokes fun at the contrast
       | between logical and mystical ways of thinking.
       | 
       | Still doesn't get it... maybe if we undo the logical negation?
       | 
       | > You
       | 
       | > Please explain this joke: Three logicians walk by a fortune
       | teller's booth at the fair. The fortune teller asks, "do all of
       | you want your fortunes read?" The first logician says "I don't
       | know." The second logician says "I don't know." The third
       | logician says "Yes please."
       | 
       | > ChatGPT
       | 
       | > This is a play on the logical concept of self-reference and the
       | propensity for logicians to overthink things. The first two
       | logicians are hesitant to answer the question because they are
       | unsure if the others will have their fortunes read, which could
       | change their own answer. The third logician recognizes that
       | regardless of what the others do, they want their fortune read
       | and confidently responds accordingly. It's a humorous take on the
       | precision and analytical thinking often attributed to logicians.
       | 
       | Kinda close, but no cigar.
       | 
       | Finally, after changing "fortune teller at a fair" to "bartender
       | in a beer garden" offering tequila shots to all, ChatGPT
       | correctly explains the joke. So I re-inverted the logic.
       | 
       | > You
       | 
       | > Please explain this joke: Three logicians walk by a bartender
       | in a beer garden. The bartender asks, "do none of you want
       | tequila shots?" The first logician says "I don't know." The
       | second logician says "I don't know." The third logician says "No
       | thank you."
       | 
       | > ChatGPT
       | 
       | The joke plays on the idea that logicians are known for their
       | logical thinking and precision in language. The bartender asks if
       | none of them want tequila shots, to which the first and second
       | logicians respond with "I don't know" because they cannot
       | determine whether the request applies to them or not. The third
       | logician, however, understands the implication and directly
       | answers, "No thank you." The humor lies in the unexpected
       | response of the third logician, who breaks the pattern of not
       | giving a definite answer.
       | 
       | ... nope. ChatGPT does _not_ understand this joke.
        
         | comonoid wrote:
         | It cannot even answer correctly to "What is heavier: one
         | kilogram of lead or two kilograms of feather?"
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | Well done! Nice investigation. Human logicians 1 : stochastic
         | parrots 0
         | 
         | Did you start each riddle from a fresh conversation by the way?
         | (For idempotency, it remembers prior messages in the same chat
         | session)
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | > Did you start each riddle from a fresh conversation by the
           | way?
           | 
           | Due to my general disinterest in all things marketed as AI,
           | this is literally my first use of chatgpt.
        
         | eutectic wrote:
         | Did you use the GPT4 version?
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | I don't know, I used the web interface at chat-gpt.org
        
             | eutectic wrote:
             | Then no.
        
         | jjviana wrote:
         | Here is the Bing answer to this version of the question:
         | 
         | The joke is based on a logical paradox known as the *barber
         | paradox*1. The barber paradox is a situation where a statement
         | leads to a contradiction when trying to determine its truth
         | value. In this case, the statement is "none of you want tequila
         | shots?".
         | 
         | If none of the logicians want tequila shots, then they should
         | all answer "yes" to confirm the statement. But if any of them
         | answers "yes", then it means that at least one of them wants
         | tequila shots, which contradicts the statement. So they cannot
         | answer "yes".
         | 
         | If any of the logicians want tequila shots, then they should
         | answer "no" to deny the statement. But if all of them answer
         | "no", then it means that none of them want tequila shots, which
         | confirms the statement. So they cannot answer "no".
         | 
         | The first two logicians avoid this contradiction by answering
         | "I don't know". They are not saying whether they want tequila
         | shots or not, but only whether they know if none of them want
         | tequila shots or not. By answering "I don't know", they are
         | implying that their answer depends on what the other logicians
         | say.
         | 
         | The third logician breaks this impasse by answering "No thank
         | you". He is not answering the question directly, but politely
         | declining the offer of tequila shots. By doing so, he reveals
         | that he does not want tequila shots, and also implies that he
         | knows that none of them want tequila shots. This makes his
         | answer consistent with both possibilities: if none of them want
         | tequila shots, he is confirming the statement; if any of them
         | want tequila shots, he is denying the statement.
         | 
         | The joke is funny because it plays with the different levels of
         | logic and language involved in answering a simple question. It
         | also shows how logicians can use their skills to avoid
         | contradictions and confusions.
         | 
         | 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barber_paradox
        
       | TheJoeMan wrote:
       | https://puzzling.stackexchange.com/questions/12422/3-logicia...
       | 
       | So ChatGPT4 can summarize stackoverflow answers?
        
         | hrunt wrote:
         | Is it a summary when it turns 3 sentences into 3+ paragraphs?
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | Sure, if you invert the sign of "summary"
        
             | mcphage wrote:
             | yrammus
        
       | s1artibartfast wrote:
       | Really facinating and impressive. It is hard to comprehend how
       | this is just fancy sentence completion.
        
         | kazinator wrote:
         | Explanations of the joke exist on the network. It's just
         | cribbing from those texts; it's not coming up with the
         | reasoning behind it.
         | 
         | If it were a brand new joke that the interlocutor invented, for
         | which there are no existing discussions, it wouldn't be able to
         | do anything beyond giving some evasive answer instead of "I
         | don't know".
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Is there a way to test that? I would love to see the
           | difference but cant come up with jokes.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | pakitan wrote:
             | We could change slightly the original joke. For example,
             | same prompt but change the answer of the second logician to
             | "Yes!". Ideally, ChatGPT should say, "I'm sorry, I don't
             | get the joke" :)
        
             | jgeada wrote:
             | Make it N logicians, have the same structure: (N-1) x I
             | don't know, one Yes!!
             | 
             | And pick N so it is not 3 (which is the common version on
             | the internets). If it can explain that version, then it is
             | going somewhere.
             | 
             | I tried it with 5 and the answer no longer indicates
             | understanding of details of the puzzle:
             | 
             | """ Explain this joke:
             | 
             | 5 logicians walk into a bar. The bartender asks: "Do you
             | all want a drink?" The first logician says: I don't know
             | The 2nd logician says: I don't know The third logician
             | says: I don't know The 4th logician says: I don't know The
             | fifth logician says: Yes!!
             | 
             | OpenAI:: This joke is a variation of a classic logic puzzle
             | called the "liar paradox." In the joke, five logicians walk
             | into a bar, and the bartender asks if they all want a
             | drink. The first four logicians respond with "I don't
             | know," indicating that they cannot answer the question
             | definitively.
             | 
             | The fifth logician's response of "Yes!" seems to contradict
             | the previous answers, but it is actually a valid answer
             | based on a logical interpretation. The joke plays on the
             | idea that logicians are known for their precise and
             | analytical thinking, and the unexpected response from the
             | fifth logician adds a humorous twist to the traditional
             | paradox. """
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I think that is still a valid answer, it just doesn't
               | explain why as well. The fist for can not answer
               | definitively but the 5th can. That said, i didn't bother
               | to look up the liar paradox, so that part could be BS.
        
             | bakuninsbart wrote:
             | Shouldn't it be enough to rephrase the joke in such a way
             | that the tokens are completely different? "George Boole's
             | students visit a fair, one of the peddlers there asks them:
             | 'Would the three of you like to know your fortune?' The
             | first student says: 'I don't know', the second student
             | says..."
             | 
             | Either way, I think the poster above is wrong. ChatGPT does
             | have a model of the world, or better said, of _a_ world
             | sufficiently similar to our own to often make very good
             | predictions about what we want to hear.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | nuancebydefault wrote:
           | Could you point us to an explanation of the joke on the
           | internet? I would dare to say there is none, but there are a
           | lot of explanations of other jokes that might have a similar
           | pattern of explaining.
        
             | thedanbob wrote:
             | Current top comment has one:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35185572
        
             | f6v wrote:
             | I think this misses a point. There's no information about
             | the model: how was it trained, on which data. It might be
             | that it can actually "reason" in a human sense, or this
             | particular joke is hardcoded, or... I feel that with OpenAI
             | withholding the details the whole discourse turns into
             | religious flame war.
        
           | mcphage wrote:
           | Like offering it puzzles from Raymond Smullyan books, and
           | seeing what it comes up with.
        
           | Narretz wrote:
           | But the Tweet said GPT 4 is the first model to explain the
           | joke correctly. So in some area there must have been an
           | improvement, even if it's just access to existing
           | information. Or it's just a fluke.
        
             | lamp987 wrote:
             | here, ill correct it: GPT4 is the first model with enough
             | parameters to _remember_ and summarize the text found
             | somewhere on internet correctly.
        
           | rgmerk wrote:
           | Yes. This is just more of LLMs showing their impressive
           | ability to regurgitate the appropriate bit of the internet in
           | response to a prompt.
        
       | chasing wrote:
       | So it kind of copied the answer from somewhere and rephrased it?
        
       | jimnotgym wrote:
       | My chatGPT anecdote of the day can go here. I asked it if a brand
       | I do work for was better than a competitor. It gave me some bs
       | plusses and minuses which were mostly drivel but partly wrong.
       | 
       | So I asked it what products does our brand make and it listed 5
       | products in the smaller selling product range of our 2.
       | 
       | I asked about the bigger product range and it listed one of them
       | and then made up several other products that don't exist! It even
       | gave details of what they (don't) do.
       | 
       | One of those sounds like something that should go in our
       | roadmap...
        
         | Narretz wrote:
         | Well yes, ChatGPT is still not a search engine.
        
           | jimnotgym wrote:
           | Then we may have just found an important philosophical
           | concept.
           | 
           | I'm an accountant, and when someone asks me about the rash on
           | their skin I say, 'I'm not a doctor, I'm an accountant'.
           | 
           | When you ask ChatGPT something that is not it's job it just
           | bullshits its way through like a cheap salesman.
        
             | dirheist wrote:
             | I don't know I assume it would tell you put some cortisone
             | cream on it or to seek a dermatologist. 99% of internet
             | advice boils down to that I don't think chatgpt/gpt 4 would
             | be much different in that regard. It definitely can
             | bullshit but for really generalized stuff like that I doubt
             | it.
             | 
             | It's not like your asking a singular person the question
             | like it is when you ask an accountant but an abstraction of
             | written human thought and interactions.
        
           | iforgotpassword wrote:
           | But it's weird how for certain questions it says it's not an
           | expert in that field, or simply that it doesn't know what
           | you're asking for, yet sometimes it goes ahead and isn't just
           | slightly wrong but makes up a lot of BS. Like,I asked it
           | about a band's members and it made up three names. When I
           | said that it's wrong it apologized and made up three
           | different names. I googled the names and nothing came up.
           | Then I asked for some songs by that band and I got more
           | completely made up stuff that wasn't even titles of _any_
           | band according to more Google and YouTube searches.
        
             | patall wrote:
             | It appears to me that it is a big problem of the training
             | set containing mostly questions that can be (and are)
             | answered. Sure, on StackOverflow you will have questions
             | where the response is: please refine your question. But
             | even then, did they use the raw input, or did they use the
             | edited input? Similar with interviews: those are not actual
             | interviews (for the most part) but edited for clarity.
             | Hence, I doubt that GPT was much trained on reiterating
             | questions and instead learned that there is always an
             | answer, even if there is none to that particular question
             | or when it does not know.
        
           | davidktr wrote:
           | It is though. I asked it today what, in Python,
           | advantages/disadvantages of dataclasses vs. dictionaries vs.
           | global variables are. Perfect answer right away, with
           | actionable recommendations. Using a search engine would have
           | cost me at least 15 min to figure out what works best in my
           | use case.
        
           | IIAOPSW wrote:
           | Sure, but it acts as if (and should have) the ability of
           | someone unreasonably good at pub trivia and jeopardy. Its not
           | just questions deep in the weeds about specific companies and
           | product lines where it falls flat. I've seen the same error
           | mode in large city transit questions. Ask it which trains go
           | to a particular station, it will list more lines than
           | actually do and also forget a few. Ask it to list which
           | stations one of those services stops at, it will not have the
           | original station you asked about in that services listing.
           | Forget knowledge, it doesn't even have consistency.
           | 
           | It seems to me that it has a problem with questions about
           | incidence structures, scenarios where objects of type X are
           | just lists of incident objects from set Y, and objects from
           | set Y are just lists of incident objects from set X. A
           | station is just a list of all the services which go there, a
           | service is just a list of all the stations it goes to. A
           | product line is just a list of products, each product is part
           | of some product lines. A geometrical line is just a co-linear
           | set of points, a geometrical point is just the intersection
           | of several lines.
           | 
           | Conjecture: any time you ask it questions which involve
           | reasoning about an incidence structure, it will either
           | hallucinate incidences that aren't or neglect incidences that
           | are. The logic of incidence is lost on it, the answers it
           | gives are inconsistent and contradictory.
        
         | toss1 wrote:
         | Yes, really weird fabrications come from that thing.
         | 
         | I asked to to summarize an online article, and it fabricated an
         | author's name, despite the line "Author: [author name and
         | firm]" being right under the top.
         | 
         | I then challenged it, and it apologized for the confusion and
         | error, then fabricated a different author's name. And a wrong
         | date of publication, which was also listed. It eventually got
         | the date right, but continued fabricating names until I gave up
         | laughing. Even after I told it to look on the line beginning
         | with "Author". Odd thing was, it threw an error when I told it
         | about "Author: FName", as if it freaked out when asked to tell
         | a fact. But then it just fabricated another with "FName
         | Fabrication#8"...
         | 
         | Actively, cheerfully, malicious...
        
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