[HN Gopher] FDIC auction for SVB said to be underway, final bids...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       FDIC auction for SVB said to be underway, final bids due Sunday
        
       Author : VagueMag
       Score  : 200 points
       Date   : 2023-03-12 16:16 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | sql-spy wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | i don't think it takes a doctorate or any degree to understand
         | the FDIC needs this to be done ASAP. so, hopefully, it didn't
         | hurt reaching around patting yourself on the back with that
         | non-sense
        
       | gutdcnow wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | halfjoking wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Is the latest Joe Rogan podcast out already?
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | Maybe (hopefully) his username is a clue?
        
           | halfjoking wrote:
           | Joe Rogan isn't creative enough to come up with this theory
           | before it happens.
           | 
           | I don't see what's wrong with prediction/speculation. If the
           | US gov had their way they'd jail people for misinformation.
           | So I'm just making my predictions while I still can.
        
       | simonebrunozzi wrote:
       | Does anyone know if this includes SVB UK as well? Or, given it's
       | run by FDIC, it only relates to the (much bigger) US business?
        
         | forbiddenlake wrote:
         | > the BoE said: "SVB UK has a limited presence in the UK and no
         | critical functions supporting the financial system. In the
         | interim, the firm will stop making payments or accepting
         | deposits." SVB UK confirmed it would be put into insolvency
         | from this Sunday evening (tomorrow).
         | 
         | https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/11/svb-contagion-uk-arm-shuts...
        
         | shagymoe wrote:
         | I've read that SVB UK is a totally separate entity and not
         | affected. I have no evidence of that though.
        
           | WJW wrote:
           | SVB UK was just placed into an insolvency procedure by the
           | Bank of England, so I guess they were not as separate as they
           | thought.
           | 
           | (https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/news/2023/march/boe-
           | statemen...)
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | No, as the article states, it _intends_ to place SVB UK
             | into an insolvency procedure but has not placed it yet. It
             | makes a conservative assumption that this procedure might
             | be needed  "absent any meaningful further information", but
             | if SVB UK provides such information and shows that it is
             | separate and solvent, then it can avoid this procedure, in
             | which case it would probably get sold to someone to pay the
             | parent company's liabilities.
        
         | 700000thMistake wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | fredoralive wrote:
         | It seems that SVB UK is being handled separately by the UK
         | authorities, with a separate attempt to find a buyer for that
         | business.
        
       | wand3r wrote:
       | wonder if stripe is capable of bidding. Would be strategic for
       | them if they could make this work i bet
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | Why would Stripe need to buy a bank, they already have a
         | license to print money.
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | How so?
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | They get to charge 3% and 30 cents for a fifth of all web
             | purchases made on the entire damn planet?
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | I doubt it's 1/5 of all web total purchases on the
               | planet, but either way they're not the ultimate exchange
               | provider so most of that 3% + 30 cents goes likely to JP
               | Morgan (and then split up amongst others), and they're
               | always looking for ways to expand their core
               | competencies.
               | 
               | Nothing about that is a "license to print money," which
               | when we're talking about banking, sounds like making fiat
               | currency.
        
               | moffkalast wrote:
               | Well it's a ballpark estimate, most sources I've seen put
               | them at around 19-21%, with Paypal at around 30-40% and
               | various other small ones at a few percent each.
               | 
               | If Visa and Mastercard manage to run their entire
               | business on less than 1% from every transaction then I
               | would expect Stripe to have at least 1% of pure profit
               | from what they charge. I assume that's what JPM gets if
               | they're the stockholder.
               | 
               | I mean printing money in the colloquial way of making
               | tons of cash without effort (which this frankly ought to
               | be if the system is set up right), not with JPow's xerox.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | linusg789 wrote:
       | https://ghostarchive.org/archive/jlYao
        
         | neonate wrote:
         | https://archive.ph/XYuBe
        
       | latchkey wrote:
       | I really wish they'd televise this. I'd love to watch the bidding
       | process.
        
         | JacobDotVI wrote:
         | Not an FDIC auction, but if you're interested in what this sort
         | of bidding looks like the book Barbarians at the Gate details
         | the LBO auction of RJR Nabisco. That auction was a lot of
         | bankers squired away in conference rooms on separate floors of
         | an office building while the auctioneers walked bids between
         | the various groups.
        
           | formercoder wrote:
           | Sadly it doesn't work this way anymore. You just send a
           | heavily lawyered pdf bid letter by email.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | It's probably a lot less exciting than you imagine. Wait for
         | the movie in a few years.
        
           | moomoo11 wrote:
           | Who would you cast for what roles?
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | Jim Cramer could play the CEO.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | With AI, he doesn't even need to show up to set.
        
               | bloodyplonker22 wrote:
               | Cathie Wood would play the chief risk officer.
        
               | cm2187 wrote:
               | No that role is made for Paul Walter Hauser
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | Just reuse the entire cast of Silicon Valley. About the
             | same level of competence in this situation.
        
               | zamnos wrote:
               | Scene: Erlich Bachman's house in Palo Alto.         The
               | team is sitting in the den around their computers.
               | We see Jin-yang on the TV with a chyron saying he's the
               | new owner of SVB, now DINB, and that depositors now own
               | equivalent to their deposits in PiperCoin.
               | 
               | Erlich Bachman storms into the room, bellows: Jay Powww!
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | asah wrote:
           | months
        
             | irrational wrote:
             | It's already in post production.
        
         | fbdab103 wrote:
         | Are you imagining something like the Microsoft Excel Stream[0]?
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xubbVvKbUfY
        
         | htag wrote:
         | It's probably closer to making an offer on a house than a live
         | auction event.
        
           | thechao wrote:
           | Except the previous owner gets a Snickers bar instead of,
           | say, the cash equivalent of the house.
        
           | mixdup wrote:
           | yeah, this would not be excited in the least. watching a
           | dozen emails come in would be quite boring
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | They manage on presidential election night.
             | 
             | I'd watch it just for the ads. Crypto startups? Top shelf
             | whiskey?
        
             | robswc wrote:
             | Speak for yourself haha
             | 
             | Yes, its boring emails... but emails that involve billions
             | of dollars. Also the timely aspect of it would be a bit
             | entertaining...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rtp4me wrote:
         | No kidding. It would be fascinating to see who joins the
         | bidding process and what kind of leverage/collateral they use.
        
         | RC_ITR wrote:
         | The PiP of men doing excel.
         | 
         | The angry call from a boss about an unclear footnote.
         | 
         | The suspense!
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | sigmar wrote:
       | For banks that are bidding, how do they know how many assets SVB
       | had? Are they working off of data from past fillings?
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | SVB itself knows which assets it has, and therefore the FDIC
         | knows. They then send out invitations to bid to banks with the
         | list of assets as an attachment.
         | 
         | EDIT: It's not only the assets that are being bid on, the
         | curator could just sell those themselves. But SVB has (even
         | now) some amount of intangible value in terms of relations with
         | customers, built up expertise in serving startups, etc etc. A
         | bank looking to diversify into providing banking services for
         | startups might be willing to bid more for such expertise and
         | customer lists than a bank which is happy with the customer
         | base it has. So I'd expect it would be mostly the intangibles
         | which drive the potential differences in bids, with the market
         | price of the assets merely serving as floor.
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | You get an excel sheet with all the assets and their current
         | mark. Then you typically have until late sunday to put the bid
         | in so they can resolve the bank before market opens on Monday.
         | 
         | Source: was part of a team doing this valuation analysis over a
         | very fun weekend in 2008 for one of the famous bank failures
        
           | MuffinFlavored wrote:
           | > Then you typically have until late sunday to put the bid in
           | so they can resolve the bank before market opens on Monday.
           | 
           | nobody is going to pay 100% for them, right?
           | 
           | so it's basically who will pay the most between 50-95% for
           | them?
           | 
           | why wouldn't somebody want assets 5% off (full 95% bid?)
        
           | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
           | Are bidders expected to forget or "un-see" such knowledge
           | afterwards? Or is the information not that detailed /
           | anonymized in some way?
        
             | drexlspivey wrote:
             | Why would they need to un-see it?
        
               | bunabhucan wrote:
               | Competitive advantage. If bigTechA and bigTechB discuss
               | merging there will come a point in the due diligence
               | where certain employees are asked to review competitive
               | secret sauce of the other company with the understanding
               | that if the merger unravels for some reason they will
               | have to take a package and stop working for their current
               | employer. I can't imagine the mbs/loan portfolio is that
               | proprietary though.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | SVB is dead. The company has failed. There is no
               | competitive advantage because SVB is not in competition
               | anymore, it is dead. The former SVB employees are
               | sticking on for 45 days (at 1.5x pay) to tie up loose
               | ends according to the FDIC. But SVB is dead, the assets
               | are being sold and might as well be public record at this
               | point.
        
               | nwatson wrote:
               | Isn't there goodwill value left over because of
               | relationships and institutional knowledge, even after SVB
               | is stripped of assets and after debt is accounted for?
               | Might some larger bank retain that operation and return
               | some value to taxpayers?
        
               | 700000thMistake wrote:
               | [dead]
        
               | youngtaff wrote:
               | Goodwill is the difference in value between the assets of
               | a company and the price an acquirer paid for a that
               | company
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Not sure how much goodwill is left, given that a big herd
               | of depositors left on thursday. But there's probably
               | some. If you kept continuity with a more diversified
               | client base, that's probably enough for many customers to
               | stay.
        
               | drexlspivey wrote:
               | Their liabilities are greater than their assets, there is
               | no equity value left. Someone can acquire them for $1 if
               | they want to assume their liabilities.
        
             | seanhunter wrote:
             | The data is full detail. You know if you don't put the
             | winning bid in that one of your competitors are holding
             | those assets, and in certain cases even know who is holding
             | it [1]. In this case it doesn't really matter that much
             | because most of the assets that caused the problem are not
             | the loans but the MBS that SBV bought because it had
             | massively increased deposits and couldn't find enough
             | eligable borrowers to lend out to.[2]
             | 
             | [1] For various reasons it's not just "the winning bidder
             | holds all the stuff". There's a lot of horse trading where
             | people buy chunks of it and the winning bidder gets the
             | rest. This is important from a TBTF point of view because
             | the bank had a problem (ldo that's why it failed) so the
             | FDIC and regulators don't really want a single other bank
             | to just inherit all the problems. They would prefer them to
             | be spread about a bit so there isn't just one bank under
             | massive stress.
             | 
             | [2] Yes yet another bank failure caused by mortgage backed
             | securities although in this case it seems from the public
             | information that it was actually the hedging strategy that
             | caused SBV to go down, not the MBS. The reason MBS means it
             | doesn't matter that much is all the information about
             | individual MBS is public anyway and although you don't know
             | who holds what on a line by line basis you know generally
             | how much each bank on the street has and you know _someone_
             | is holding all the pieces of a given bond.
        
               | hd95489 wrote:
               | How much of a haircut do the assets take during the
               | process. I'm assuming nobody is paying market rate so how
               | much under is the bid? Like 80% or like 30-40%
        
               | Bluecobra wrote:
               | On Friday's thread someone posted that the average return
               | SVB bought was ~1.5%. If the average 30 year rate today
               | is ~7.0%, an ~80% discount sounds correct.
        
               | fdasflkjvalkjlk wrote:
               | You're off by around a factor of 10 because you're
               | valuing MBS as if they're annuities without a terminal
               | value. MBS are backed by the USG and you get the full
               | principal back at by maturity.
        
               | hd95489 wrote:
               | So you would expect 8% cuts? Or 2%. I could see 8%-10
               | being about right.
        
               | adriancr wrote:
               | They bought 10 year bonds at 1.5% yearly. For every 100$
               | they will get 116$ at maturity.
               | 
               | Right now there are 10 year bonds at 4% that will pay
               | 148$ at maturity.
               | 
               | To be able to sell your 1.5% bonds right now you need to
               | discount them sufficiently so they have the same value as
               | the new 4% 10 year bonds. (otherwise why would anyone buy
               | them)
               | 
               | I'd guess you'd need to discount 148$ - 116$ = 32$.
               | 
               | This means selling your 100$ bonds at 68$ right now to
               | have buyers... Otherwise money is stuck for 10 years
               | which is unfortunate if you ran out of available cash.
               | 
               | Is this wrong?
        
               | skippyboxedhero wrote:
               | They have also been marked down already, that is what the
               | big unrealised losses are about.
               | 
               | I am not 100% sure what the accounting rules for htm vs
               | afs are anymore. I believe htm allows you to amortize
               | losses over the term of the loan (which is, of course,
               | still as controversial as it was in 2008). But SVB has
               | already taken fairly substantial markdowns already on
               | securities that were transferred into htm after they
               | dropped significantly.
               | 
               | And the purpose of receivership is to preserve value for
               | depositors. So the problem is that the losses have
               | absorbed the firm's capital, not that other sources of
               | funding have taken losses. A book of MBS is not going to
               | be trading at a 30% discount to the mark a few weeks ago
               | when their financial period ended. All of this stuff is
               | liquid, unless their corporate lending was awful
               | (unlikely) then there won't be a massive discount.
               | 
               | Btw, this did happen last year in the UK. The BoE
               | essentially left the market to sort out problems caused
               | by higher rates/falling bond prices, and hedge funds
               | absolutely rinsed pension funds. Some made hundreds of
               | millions in a few hours. This won't happen in this case
               | because FDIC has stepped in and is running a proper
               | auction.
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | The rule of thumb is every 100 bp increase in rates means
               | a reduction in the market value of the security equal its
               | years to maturity as a percentage.
               | 
               | So if rates are up 250 bp and there are 9 years remaining
               | to maturity, that would be a 2.5 * 9% = 22.5% reduction
               | in market value.
               | 
               | But I believe current yields on 10-year MBS are greater
               | than 4%, the numbers I've seen put them at about 110 bp
               | over 10-year Treasurys, which would make the reduction in
               | market value even deeper.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | > But I believe current yields on 10-year MBS are greater
               | than 4%, the numbers I've seen put them at about 110 bp
               | over 10-year Treasurys, which would make the reduction in
               | market value even deeper.
               | 
               | Presumably they were yielding more than treasuries when
               | they bought them as well. The relevant thing is whether
               | the spread has narrowed or widened (too lazy to check and
               | too coward to guess...).
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | I don't think 10-year T-notes are up 250 bps from 1.56%
               | (might be mistaken -- looks like 235 bps to me), though
               | 10-year MBS might be, and my impression is that SVB's
               | average maturity is more like 6 years than 9. Those would
               | both soften the impact on market value.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | I believe I read that the average maturity of their
               | holdings are ~6 years out of the full ten. It looks like
               | T-notes with similar maturity are yielding around
               | 3.9-4.0%.
               | 
               | > Right now there are 10 year bonds at 4% that will pay
               | 148$ at maturity.
               | 
               | How are you calculating that? My impression is:
               | 
               | > Notes and bonds are issued to pay a fixed rate of
               | interest called the coupon rate. A $10,000 treasury note
               | with a seven percent coupon rate pays an investor $700
               | per year interest in two semi-annual payments of $350
               | each. The interest from notes and bonds paid out to
               | investors is simple and does not compound
               | 
               | Over a 10-year duration, I think that 4% bond would pay
               | $140 on $100. 6-year to maturity notes at 3.9% would pay,
               | I believe, $123 on $100 today; and at 1.56%, $109.
               | 
               | I think you'd value the 1.56% notes by something like the
               | ratio of the two values at maturity? About 89% of what
               | you'd pay for a 3.9% note. ($100 / 0.886 => $112.87;
               | $112.87 * 1.0936 => about $123.)
               | 
               | (I don't work in this sector and I might be mathing it
               | wrong.)
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | Given the constraints, the result of this auction is
               | likely to be the closest measurement of "market rate"
               | we're going to get.
        
               | hd95489 wrote:
               | Only a few chosen players get to bid so it's going to
               | come with some haircut off market
        
               | seanhunter wrote:
               | Deciding that is exactly what the auction is and it will
               | depend on market conditions, the quality of the assets
               | etc. In the case I was familiar with the assets were "AAA
               | but actually garbage" for the most part and there wasn't
               | a liquid market price so we bid really where we were
               | guestimating the true market price would be but it was a
               | heavy discount to where the failed bank had been holding
               | it.
               | 
               | I don't think I'm actually at liberty to say what our bid
               | was but if you think about the gathering storm of the
               | financial crisis in 2008 and "AAA but garbage" illiquid
               | instruments were very hard to price and very expensive to
               | fund so were trading in the 60s (cents in the dollar that
               | is). So if you're on teh weekend and you get offered a
               | massive parcel of that stuff marked in the 90s that you
               | don't really want to hold in the first place you're going
               | to bid significantly south of where the market closed
               | given you know this news is going to really rock the
               | market when it opens on Monday.
               | 
               | In this case I think the MBS they are holding is going to
               | be more liquid and with a reasonably secure secondary
               | market, and you're not going to be able to do a proper
               | valuation on the SME loans they have in a single weekend
               | and there isn't a liquid market given each loan is it's
               | own special creature so you're going to have to put a bit
               | of a finger in the air on those. So probably somewhat of
               | a haircut but less extreme.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | What's your perspective on the likelihood of a few more
               | similar bank failures happening in the next couple of
               | quarters?
        
               | seanhunter wrote:
               | I don't have any inside scoop because I'm not in that
               | world any more, so take this purely as my personal
               | opinion, but I wouldn't be at all surprised if that
               | happens.
               | 
               | A lot of seemingly successful business models are hard to
               | distinguish from the beneficial effect of ultra-low rates
               | and a stable, growing economy[1] so the sudden raising of
               | rates is going to hurt a lot. I also think the full
               | effects are taking a while to filter through into the
               | real economy so I personally don't think we've seen the
               | worst impacts yet. I see a lot of empty office and retail
               | space and know that someone took out a loan to build or
               | buy that building and now don't have the rental income to
               | pay back that loan. Like I say just one person's opinion
               | so take it with a pinch of salt.
               | 
               | [1] Hence the famous Buffett quote.
               | https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/43237-it-s-only-when-
               | the-ti...
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | Intuitively, a hundred billion dollar auction with only a
               | few hours to research, analyze and horsetrade must
               | necessarily result in a lower winning bid.
               | 
               | Given all the uncertainty about the assets and other
               | regional bank dominoes that are yet to fall, it seems
               | like even the winner will be a low-ball offer.
               | 
               | Doesn't that mean a bigger haircut for uninsured
               | depositors than would be the case if assets were
               | methodically liquidated over a few weeks or months
               | instead of a fire sale on one Sunday?
        
               | drdec wrote:
               | It sounds like they are selling the bank, not the assets.
               | If they are selling the bank then I think the depositors
               | will be made whole by the buyer. This will factor into
               | the bid.
               | 
               | This is just my understanding, I am very open to being
               | wrong.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > Intuitively, a hundred billion dollar auction with only
               | a few hours to research, analyze and horsetrade must
               | necessarily result in a lower winning bid.
               | 
               | Maybe. Or maybe the winner's curse will apply.
               | 
               | > Doesn't that mean a bigger haircut for uninsured
               | depositors than would be the case if assets were
               | methodically liquidated over a few weeks or months
               | instead of a fire sale on one Sunday?
               | 
               | Maybe. Equally the longer depositors can't access their
               | deposits, the worse things are. FDIC would rather get the
               | depositors their 100% quickly than get maximum recovery
               | for junior debt or equityholders. Now, if there's no
               | offer coming in that covers 100% of deposits, then that
               | gets more interesting; it's always possible that the FDIC
               | will decide to keep running the bank and purse that kind
               | of strategy.
        
               | Maven911 wrote:
               | Since you're on this thread..who normally runs the
               | investment decisions inside of a bank, whether retail or
               | investment. Is there a CIO office or is that the function
               | of their Treasury department? Does it go by other names?
               | 
               | And in your experiences in 2008, what sort of strategy
               | planning/what if scenarios were being played out since it
               | was unprecedented and no one knew what was going to
               | happen the next day
        
               | hd95489 wrote:
               | At the end of the day did everyone walk out of the deal
               | knowing they made a boat load of money or were folks
               | wondering if they would be able to offload and hedge the
               | garbage they bought fast enough.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | The most (in)famous example is Bank of America buying
               | Countrywide in the early stages of the 2007 crash. They
               | ended up losing like 40 billion on that deal.
        
               | chernevik wrote:
               | In 2008 mortgage bonds were toxic waste looking for a
               | bottom, today they're not nearly so bad. I doubt SVB had
               | a team reading the tape on mortgages, so whatever they
               | were buying must have been sufficiently standard as to be
               | fairly liquid. (Unless they were COMPLETE idiots, which,
               | I grant, is certainly does not seem impossible right
               | now.) So I expect the question for most of it is interest
               | rate risk rather than credit and pricing that isn't super
               | complicated.
               | 
               | I would think SVB's book of startup/venture
               | capital/commercial loans would be harder for most banks
               | to value. They were a big player in that space and I
               | doubt many have the expertise to do a fast read on that
               | book.
               | 
               | Also, SVB's size is a real problem. There are only a few
               | banks large enough to do this, and the regulators won't
               | love the resulting consolidation.
               | 
               | They may sell it in pieces to deal with all that.
               | 
               | One big question is, does SVB have any franchise value?
               | It really looks like their model depended on cozy
               | relations with the VC community. You have to figure their
               | whole board and C-suite will be replaced after this, how
               | much of those relations remain after that? Nor am I sure
               | players like JP Morgan can or want to play that game.
        
               | yumraj wrote:
               | > It really looks like their model depended on cozy
               | relations with the VC community.
               | 
               | Which the VCs shat on, so not sure how much of coziness
               | remains.
        
               | wpietri wrote:
               | Look, you can't expect dogs not to bite the hand that
               | feeds them. I mean, hands are made out of meat, and in
               | this dog-eat-hand world, they're just doing what any
               | rational canine would.
        
               | chiph wrote:
               | There may be coalitions of smaller banks being formed,
               | where they agree to submit a single bid, and then
               | internally split up the carcass into the parts they each
               | want should they win.
               | 
               | I haven't seen the terms of the FDIC auction but I
               | suspect it's winner take all, so any coalition will also
               | need a plan how to split up or share the undesirable
               | pieces.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | So if they had a more diverse portfolio and laddered
               | maturities they might have been OK? And would that have
               | been hard to do? Not a finance guy.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | Maybe. Essentially anything they could've bought would've
               | had a similar kind of interest rate exposure. Laddering
               | maturities would definitely have helped, but they
               | expanded their portfolio quickly, and off-the-run issues
               | are much less deeply traded, especially if you're a
               | newcomer that doesn't have connections with the rest of
               | the market.
        
               | christophilus wrote:
               | Another thing that may have helped would be if they
               | hedged their interest rate risk. That's discussed on this
               | podcast[0] by some folks who do that sort of thing for
               | big banks.
               | 
               | It's pretty nuts that they didn't have a hedge in place,
               | given the pretty clear policy of the Fed.
               | 
               | [0] https://pca.st/rq7eo75p
        
               | lordnacho wrote:
               | Hedge costs money, and the instruments in question were
               | not going to default, given they were government backed,
               | so if they could just hang on until maturity they would
               | get the yield from the day they bought them.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | Holding bonds in a rising rates environment also costs
               | money.
               | 
               | Hedging could have been a way to reduce the duration
               | without selling - i.e. without realizing losses as the
               | bonds could still be classified as hold-to-maturity - and
               | avoid further losses.
               | 
               | They chose not to.
        
               | beezle wrote:
               | The only factor MBS had in any of this, and it was
               | relatively small, was compared to "normal" notes and
               | bonds (govt or corp) the duration of mortgages extends in
               | a risking rate environment due to fewer prepayments. So
               | rather than say a 4% change for every 100bp move in
               | interest rates, the MBS might change 4.5 or 5%.
        
           | _boffin_ wrote:
           | Would love to hear more if you're willing to Take the time
           | and write it out.
        
           | Symmetry wrote:
           | Like the Excel Spreadsheet that FTX was shopping around but
           | accurate and with no ""Hidden, poorly internally labeled
           | 'fiat@' account" entry. SVB may have screwed up badly but I
           | don't think anyone is accusing them of bad record keeping or
           | any other impropriety.
        
             | ambicapter wrote:
             | I suspect the FDIC made that spreadsheet on Friday/Saturday
             | after taking over the bank and its quality is way higher
             | than Bankman's.
        
           | bob_theslob646 wrote:
           | The way to determine a mark is extremely different than in
           | 08' , be mindful of that. Determining that mark is an
           | incredibly difficult task.
        
       | debacle wrote:
       | Somewhat completely off topic, but with interest rates
       | "skyrocketing" compared to recent history, would it be feasible
       | to "buy back" one's fixed rate debt? Or sensible?
        
         | mghfreud wrote:
         | Please ELI5.
        
         | tsycho wrote:
         | Interesting thought, treating your debt like a bond.
         | 
         | If you no longer need the debt, i.e. you have the cash to pay
         | it back, you could _theoretically_ loan out that cash to
         | someone else at the higher current market interest rate.
         | Loaning money involves credit risk of course, so practically
         | this would mean buying something like higher interest paying
         | Treasuries or AAA bonds. Effectively, the spread between your
         | borrowed fixed rate debt and the bonds you bought are the
         | _profit_ you make, the NetPresentValue of which is roughly what
         | you would get if you could "buy back" the debt.
        
           | piperswe wrote:
           | That's sorta what I'm doing with my car loan - instead of
           | paying extra principal, I'm putting the money into an FDIC-
           | insured account that pays about twice the interest that I'm
           | paying on my car loan.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lamontcg wrote:
         | You mean you want to pay off 90% of the remaining principle
         | today in order to "buy" the paper at the same haircut that
         | another bank would be able to buy it for? Nope.
        
           | cowsandmilk wrote:
           | For companies with publicly traded debt, it is definitely
           | possible. Whether it is advisable is a different question.
        
         | rvnx wrote:
         | You can do it with mortgage, go from fixed-rate to floating
         | rate and vice-versa, and you pay the cost of hedging for the
         | duration of the mortgage.
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | When you have a 10% mortgage and interest rates drop to 2%, you
         | refinance. You borrow a new loan at 2%, buy out your old 10%
         | loan (so you never have to deal with 10% interest rate payments
         | again).
         | 
         | If you have a 2% loan, and interest rates skyrocket to 10%, you
         | absolutely do not sell your 2% loan to reup to 10%. That's just
         | stupid. You keep the 2% loan and even try to slow down payments
         | (if you were double-paying or otherwise cutting down principal
         | before, you stop doing that).
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | I understand the question to be whether you can liquidate a
           | 2% 20-year loan paying fifty cents on the dollar or whatever
           | the fair amount is. (I guess the answer is no for the usual
           | US mortgages but it could be yes for some kind of loans.)
        
       | tills13 wrote:
       | I read that the FDIC is brutally efficient and, if this is true
       | and SVB opens Monday under a different owner as if nothing
       | happened, this statement will certainly be an understatement.
        
         | mertd wrote:
         | It would be quite funny if JPM ends up being the owner and the
         | startups who rushed to transfer their accounts presumably to
         | JPM just login on Monday and click the cancel button.
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | Presumably they don't transfer the deposits, only the assets.
           | Otherwise JPM would bid a negative amount.
        
             | curiousllama wrote:
             | I thought they were bidding negative amounts - ie the
             | bidding is to find the lowest $ amount the FDIC needs to
             | put in to make folks whole
        
               | Denvercoder9 wrote:
               | There's no indication at the moment that FDIC will put in
               | money to make depositors whole beyond the $250K insurance
               | limit.
        
               | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
               | The FDIC is looking to sell (actually give away) the
               | business whole with the minimum possible contribution,
               | they aren't differentiating between deposit classes,
               | unless the buyer specifies that as a part of their bid,
               | which is unlikely in the case of SVB.
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | Yellen said:
               | 
               | > _"Let me be clear that during the financial crisis,
               | there were investors and owners of systemic large banks
               | that were bailed out, and the reforms that have been put
               | in place means that we're not going to do that again,"
               | Yellen told CBS' "Face the Nation." "But we are concerned
               | about depositors and are focused on trying to meet their
               | needs."_
               | 
               | Senator Mark Warren said:
               | 
               | > _"The shareholders in the bank are going to lose their
               | money, let's be clear about that. But the depositors can
               | be taken care of," he told ABC's "This Week."_
               | 
               | These statements tend to indicate that the government is
               | not going to bail out the bank owners (shareholders of
               | the bank). But they are concerned about the depositors,
               | presumably because they realize that there's a risk that
               | if a fairly large (top 20) bank is allowed to go under,
               | many smaller banks could be at risk of a run.
               | 
               | Source: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/12/treasury-
               | secretary-janet-yel...
        
               | DebtDeflation wrote:
               | >the reforms that have been put in place means that we're
               | not going to do that again
               | 
               | Does that include the reforms that were removed a few
               | years ago after SVB and other "regional" banks lobbied to
               | have them removed from banks <$250B?
        
               | Zetice wrote:
               | Did SVB use those relaxed restrictions though? Seems like
               | they could have done their treasury note purchase with or
               | without those changes.
        
               | positr0n wrote:
               | I believe one of the regulations there were able to skip
               | because of the $250B change is submitting to a stress
               | test.
        
               | grandmczeb wrote:
               | I tried looking through the scenarios on the fed website
               | - which one would have caught this specific issue?
               | 
               | https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/dodd-frank-
               | act-s...
        
               | Denvercoder9 wrote:
               | These statements are incredibly vague and could mean
               | anything. I certainly don't interpret them as that the US
               | government has decided to pitch in additional money,
               | because if they have, it makes a whole lot of sense for
               | them to explicitly, clearly and undeniably announce that:
               | the whole goal of such an action would be to aid
               | confidence in the financial system, and announcing that
               | the US government is standing behind it with its full
               | faith and credit is the best way they have to do that.
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | There are not unambiguous statements, and the senator's
               | statement is alone not sufficient to guarantee anything
               | (he's one of 100 senators, to say nothing of the House).
               | But if high level officials are making statements like
               | these, it does tend to indicate that there's a
               | significant chance that depositors will be looked after
               | (perhaps not fully, but to some extent beyond the $250k
               | FDIC limit).
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | Which they would have been _anyways_... Seriously, the
               | FDIC insures 250k$ IF and only if the banks assets are
               | insufficient for _that_. In other words, as long as SVB
               | has enough assets to pay out 250k$ per ~account. All the
               | FDIC is going to be doing is the administration [1] of
               | the distribution.
               | 
               | Whatever assets are left beyond the first n_accounts *
               | 250k$ will be distributed among the account holders with
               | extra balance. Some of _that_ money will also be
               | distributed tomorrow morning. So in fact all depositors
               | with more than 250k$ balance will be "looked after, but
               | not made whole" TOMORROW. The question remains ,IF there
               | aren't enough funds to make everyone completely whole,
               | what happens then. There is _zero_ indication in those
               | statements, that there would be money added to the pile
               | that will be generated by the auction of SVB's assets.
               | 
               | [1] not sure if there's a fee for that, but it would be
               | negligible anyhow
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | FDIC probably will not put in _anything_ : there are
               | sufficient assets to cover the insured amount.
               | 
               | The SVB name is worth something. If FDIC can liquidate
               | assets and pay 90 cents on the dollar for deposits, a
               | bank who will acquire and give 95-100 cents on the dollar
               | is better for everyone.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | > The SVB name is worth something.
               | 
               | Brand awareness has definitely increased a lot this week.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | Touche ;)
               | 
               | It would be more accurate to say, the expertise and
               | relationships that come with SVB, and the access to the
               | market that SVB served... are worth something. Even if
               | all of these are damaged.
        
             | kasey_junk wrote:
             | They are almost certainly not going to let the bidder leave
             | the deposits. The way the fdic actually protects deposits
             | most of the time is by selling the business to another
             | bank, so that's what this auction is for.
        
           | fbdab103 wrote:
           | I imagine many businesses are going to diversify banks in the
           | near future so they can always make next month's rent.
        
         | more_corn wrote:
         | FDIC promised that the bank (under a new name) will open for
         | business Monday morning. I'd bet $250,000 on it.
        
       | edgoode wrote:
       | Could Microsoft, Apple, Google, or Amazon place a bid
       | 
       | Strategically, a consumer or cloud co w/ a banking arm might make
       | a great strategic position. And the new relationships with the
       | customer base of SVB could accelerate the acquirer
       | 
       | Not to mention all the bundling..
        
         | drdec wrote:
         | I doubt it. Part of the point of the exercise is to calm the
         | rest of the banking market. Letting an inexperienced (re
         | banking) company take over will increase the uncertainty.
        
         | chiph wrote:
         | Apple had $51bn in cash at the end of 2022. They could easily
         | raise whatever additional funds needed to submit a winning bid.
         | But I don't see them wanting to own a bank. They already have
         | financing options for people to buy their hardware, and Apple
         | Cash is working fine with whatever level of regulation it has.
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | I think they need to be a member of the FDIC to even make a
         | bid. But even if they did not, I doubt these companies would
         | want to be regulated under banking laws or setup the
         | infrastructure to do so. There's a reason why these companies
         | establish "partnerships" with well known banks (ie, Apple x
         | Goldman Sachs). They are simply not setup to deal with the
         | regulation. It's better to farm it out to a well established
         | bank and let them take the hits from violating banking laws at
         | all levels (ie, state vs federal vs international).
        
       | notmindthegap wrote:
       | let's start a DAO to buy it
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | Why in the world would you want to own the bank? Whoever is
         | buying it is doing so to get the customer list. The assets
         | aren't really worthwhile given that they will all need to be
         | sold to cover the depositors, given that if they opened as
         | DAOBank on Monday everyone would pull their money out.
         | 
         | The only case I see of not having a run on the remaining
         | balances is if someone like Chase buys them.
        
           | fbdab103 wrote:
           | >Whoever is buying it is doing so to get the customer list.
           | 
           | Not a bank or in the financial sector, but this makes no
           | sense to me. It is likely fairly easy to get the list of VCs
           | who used SVB. If nothing else, startup businesses which SVB
           | catered to are _significantly_ less appealing than they were
           | one to two years ago. What fraction of those clients required
           | low interest rates to keep the business viable?
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | It's easy to get the list. It's not easy to get all of them
             | to move their assets over to your bank. When you buy the
             | bank the assets are yours automatically. They can of course
             | choose to then move it out, but why would they?
        
               | fbdab103 wrote:
               | Putting all of your financial assets in one institution
               | was just proven to be a liability?
        
               | littlestymaar wrote:
               | > but why would they?
               | 
               | Why would they not?
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | Because depositors have no reason to get their money out
               | of Chase and into another regional bank on the brink of
               | failure.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | Because the hypothetical acquirer would have not only
               | their assets but also all their other products - loans,
               | credit cards, all the established payments to/from their
               | accounts, etc. which are harder to switch.
        
           | notmindthegap wrote:
           | it was a joke, reference to the DAO that tried and failed to
           | buy the constitution at auction
        
           | furyofantares wrote:
           | > Whoever is buying it is doing so to get the customer list.
           | 
           | And to prevent contagion, I'd guess? Or do you not see it
           | that way?
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | Yes, to an extent it's in the big bank's best interests to
             | restore faith in the banking system. But mostly that's up
             | to the government.
             | 
             | If Treasury comes in and says "we will make all depositors
             | whole", that pretty much ends the contagion right there.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | it's the banking version of acquihire.
           | 
           | Bank CEO: "We want to get more tech biz customers, but we
           | don't want to start from scratch with high risk startups."
           | 
           | FDIC: "We have this bank with a lot of established companies"
        
           | throw_pm23 wrote:
           | Couldn't someone with a lot of cash buy them, pay back the
           | depositors without having to sell assets, then hold the
           | assets until maturity, and then make a profit (presumably
           | having bought them at a discount)? As far as I understand,
           | the nominal value of assets still exceeds the obligations?
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | For the big SVB assets, the outcome of "holding the assets
             | until maturity" is the price at which you can sell these
             | assets; someone who intends to do that will buy these
             | assets at a rate where they roughly break even - they're
             | pretty much a commodity, so the auction price is close to
             | the value.
             | 
             | But buying long-term assets at some small discount (e.g.
             | 10%) and holding them to maturity would not make a profit -
             | the nominal value of these assets + the interest on the
             | (low!) fixed interest rate is far lower than the interest
             | rate you can get elsewhere; if the difference between the
             | interest rate that SVB had fixed and the current market
             | rate is ~2% (which seems roughly in the ballbark) then a
             | crude estimate is that the discount has to be 20%-ish if
             | there's 10 years remaining until maturity and 40%-ish if
             | there's 20 years remaining... so that's appropriately
             | reflected in the (lowered) price those assets can fetch.
             | The nominal value is irrelevant as future money is worth
             | much less than current money.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >As far as I understand, the nominal value of assets still
             | exceeds the obligations?
             | 
             | AFAIK that number was based on the book value (ie. how much
             | it cost for the bank to buy the bonds/MBS), not the current
             | fair market value. Other sources say that SVB is in the
             | hole when using current fair market value for their assets.
             | 
             | >So big was this drawdown that on a marked-to-market basis,
             | Silicon Valley Bank was technically insolvent at the end of
             | September. Its $15.9 billion of HTM mark-to-market losses
             | completely subsumed the $11.8 billion of tangible common
             | equity that supported the bank's balance sheet.
             | 
             | https://www.netinterest.co/p/the-demise-of-silicon-valley-
             | ba...
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | Q why didn't SVB limit withdrawals and transfers after this
       | started. Could they?
        
         | bradleyjg wrote:
         | No. A bank that refuses a demand on a demand deposit account is
         | by definition in default.
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | Unless it's capital controls
        
         | tills13 wrote:
         | I'm sure a bank limiting withdraws would have made matters even
         | worse.
        
           | mikepurvis wrote:
           | To be fair, though, that's kind of what's ended up happening
           | for everyone anyway-- at least the customers with >$250k on
           | deposit.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | They could have limited withdrawals _before_ it started, but
         | not after. Banks used to offer savings accounts, where the bank
         | could impose a delay on withdrawals. That delay was once 30-60
         | days, then 7 days, and now it 's mostly gone. This allowed
         | small banks time to sell off some assets in the event of a
         | sudden increase in withdrawals. In exchange for that, savings
         | accounts paid higher interest. This was part of the dull and
         | boring banking system designed in the 1930s.
         | 
         | See "Savings and Loan Crisis" for how that ended.[1]
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | My understanding is this isn't a "run on the bank" situation,
         | they were too successful growing their deposit book and
         | couldn't grow their loan assets fast enough to keep pace. So
         | they bought a lot of MBS so they at least were earning _some_
         | yield with which to pay interest on their deposit liabilities
         | but took heavy losses when rates moved against them so were
         | inadequately capitalised. They tried to raise additional
         | capital and a couple of key miscommunications in that process
         | really spooked the market and they suddenly collapsed.
        
           | ec109685 wrote:
           | SVB was offering above market interest rates though:
           | 
           | According JPM: "At the end of 2022, SIVB only offered 0.60%
           | more on deposits than its peers as compensation for the risks
           | illustrated below; in 2021 this premium was 0.04%."
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | You can find FDIC-insured savings accounts paying 4%, and
             | bank interest rates are all over the places right now, so I
             | wouldn't read into .6%.
             | 
             | Calling out the 2021 number is disingenuous because the fed
             | funds rate in 2021 was essentially 0%. Its's 4.57% right
             | now. You're comparing kumquats and grapefruit.
        
               | ec109685 wrote:
               | It shows they were being aggressive with their
               | investments compared to parking things in the most safe
               | vehicle possible:
               | https://am.jpmorgan.com/content/dam/jpm-am-
               | aem/global/en/ins...
        
           | ru552 wrote:
           | $40b was withdrawn Friday morning. If that's not a run, I
           | don't know what is.
        
             | twelve40 wrote:
             | the run was a _consequence_ of the bank 's mismanagement,
             | not the cause
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | Without the run there is a decent chance that the bank
               | would have been able to complete its stock offering,
               | recapitalize, and remain in operations despite past
               | mismanagement. So while information about the
               | mismanagement is what caused observers to trigger a run
               | on the bank, it was the run itself that did it in.
               | 
               | Now there is risk of contagion where better managed
               | regional banks are also at risk of suffering runs on the
               | bank.
        
               | twelve40 wrote:
               | sure, a restaurant that serves rotten food could have
               | fired the chef and reinvented itself if it wasn't for all
               | the pesky customers who stopped going there
        
         | fbdab103 wrote:
         | This is not a Bitcoin Exchange where the founders have the
         | freedom to do whatever they want.
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | It crashes like a crypto exchange though
        
             | rodgerd wrote:
             | FTX depositors would be over the moon if there was a
             | promise that they were going to get a quarter million of
             | their holdings back on Monday, with an unknown amount back
             | in the next few weeks, and likely be "floated" some
             | proportion of their holdings in the interim.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _crashes like a crypto exchange_
             | 
             | Where depositors get up to $250k the next business day and,
             | possibly, up to 50% of the rest within a week?
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | Just a friendly reminder that COIN is a public company.
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | I don't think you're allowed to limit withdrawals on savings
         | accounts or checking accounts. (Beyond the 6x monthly limit on
         | savings)
         | 
         | Money Market accounts are allowed to have limits (and haircuts)
         | applied. Etc. etc. As a bank, they'd have different accounts
         | with different rules on each kind of account. But Money Markets
         | aren't allowed to be mixed with the long-term treasuries that
         | SVB were holding.
         | 
         | So it really depends on the mix of accounts, various
         | regulations and such.
        
           | fbdab103 wrote:
           | The Money Market one probably comes as a surprise to many
           | people (it did to me). I believe the financial industry
           | lobbied so that the day-to-day Money Market fluctuations
           | could be hidden from the user so that clients thought they
           | were more stable than reality.
        
           | TMWNN wrote:
           | > (Beyond the 6x monthly limit on savings)
           | 
           | Hasn't been a thing for three years.
        
         | notfromhere wrote:
         | Federal law
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | They could not change the terms on accounts, no.
        
       | chrisacky wrote:
       | Are a book of assets that easily accessed to be able to even
       | create a portfolio of interest?
        
         | voisin wrote:
         | Absolutely. They would have a digital record of everything
         | available in real time. If they didn't then they were never a
         | real bank.
        
           | fbdab103 wrote:
           | The comparison would be FTX where they handed the auditor a
           | pile of Excel spreadsheets and some vague, "I thought they
           | were in last week's email" kind of accounting.
           | 
           | Real banks have real controls and want to know where every
           | fractional cent (blast, my Superman 3 scheme is foiled in the
           | crib) is at any moment.
           | 
           | Edit: minor English goof
        
             | compiler-guy wrote:
             | Upvote for Superman 3 reference. For those who don't get
             | it:
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/N7JBXGkBoFc
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | Yes? Of course they know what the assets are.
        
         | bostik wrote:
         | Yes.
         | 
         | Every big bank[x] has to submit daily risk reports. If those
         | reports are late by more than (IIRC) 48h, they feel the
         | consequences. Then there are end-of-week, end-of-month, and
         | end-of-quarter reports too.
         | 
         | The daily reports may take a couple of hours to run. Spread
         | across a compute grid of few thousand cores. I work for a
         | company that provides a quant analysis and computation platform
         | for financial institutions. We tend to skip our weekly client-
         | facing code promotion at the end of quarter, to make it
         | absolutely sure that there are no unexpected changes that could
         | mess up their gargantuan report runs.
         | 
         | [x]: Let's omit the nuance for once, ok?
        
       | blackoil wrote:
       | Given it is fairly common for FDIC. What is the history in such
       | cases? Do depositors always get all money back or they have to
       | take some haircut?
        
         | Denvercoder9 wrote:
         | They publish all historic payouts for closed banks on their
         | website: https://closedbanks.fdic.gov/dividends/
         | 
         | From a quick look at a random sample, it seems most end up with
         | about ~70% paid out, but there is quite some variance.
        
           | kasey_junk wrote:
           | That's the list for all creditors, not depositors. Almost all
           | deposits get transferred to another financial institution. It
           | will be listed on the failed bank report.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Worth noting though that this list covers everything from
           | cases of incompetence and mismanagement to outright fraud.
           | It's relatively easy to recover money if it is tied up in
           | T-bills. Not so if the bank owner decided to go buy a yacht
           | with customer funds.
        
         | sql-spy wrote:
         | In most cases depositors recover 90% or higher.
         | 
         | Insured deposits are paid on first day the bank opens. More
         | than 50% of uninsured deposits are paid within a week. Another
         | 20% or so gets paid within a year or sooner in quarterly
         | installments. Remaining amount gets paid in yearly installments
         | and in all cases was paid within 3 years.
         | 
         | Haircut is guaranteed in this political climate since there is
         | no appetite for a bailout. At least not for SVB. The later ones
         | could be bailed out but SVB is a goner.
        
           | Denvercoder9 wrote:
           | _> More than 50% of uninsured deposits are paid within a
           | week. Another 20% or so gets paid within a year or sooner in
           | quarterly installments. Remaining amount gets paid in yearly
           | installments and in all cases was paid within 3 years._
           | 
           | The data does not support these statements. E.g. for a random
           | bank I selected on the FDIC site [1], "American National
           | Bank", uninsured depositors got paid 77.8% in three
           | installments: the first 57% two weeks after bank closure,
           | 7.4% after three years and the last 13.3% after five-and-a-
           | half years.
           | 
           | [1] https://closedbanks.fdic.gov/dividends/
        
             | kasey_junk wrote:
             | https://www.fdic.gov/resources/resolutions/bank-
             | failures/fai...
             | 
             | American national had its deposits transferred. The
             | dividend payments were to other creditors.
        
           | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
           | > Haircut is guaranteed
           | 
           | Not if someone buys it. Unless a haircut is part of the bid,
           | which seems unlikely. No point having 97% of your new
           | customers pissed off at you.
        
           | dh2022 wrote:
           | But where will the money that pays un-insured deposits come
           | from? SVB's assets are worth less than its liabilities at
           | this point....
        
             | barnabee wrote:
             | If SVB is acquired, the acquirer also takes on the
             | liability to depositors (most likely all of it, but a
             | haircut could be negotiated) so everyone should get
             | everything back (unless a haircut is negotiated) and
             | handling the shortfall is a cost to the acquirer. Perhaps
             | they believe the future value of the business justifies
             | that, perhaps they don't and the government pushes them to
             | do it anyway.
             | 
             | If it's not acquired depositors will take a haircut (get
             | paid less) in the unwinding process so that the amount paid
             | out doesn't exceed the assets available.
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | A buyer might be willing to pay a premium (above the assets
             | alone) for the business, which was worth $15.5B to
             | shareholders as recently as Wednesday. Levine's column on
             | this failure is great, you should check it out:
             | https://archive.is/cN3CD .
        
           | searealist wrote:
           | > Haircut is guaranteed in this political climate since there
           | is no appetite for a bailout. At least not for SVB. The later
           | ones could be bailed out but SVB is a goner.
           | 
           | SVB stock and bond holders will lose everything but it is far
           | from guaranteed that depositors will take a haircut.
        
         | lamontcg wrote:
         | There's really no good history for this kind of a case.
         | 
         | Washington Mutual was a bigger failure, but there was another
         | lender who had already attempted to take it over, and had done
         | due diligence, and Washington Mutual had a large amount of
         | unsecured debt which allowed those lenders to take the hit and
         | left depositors completely unscathed.
         | 
         | IndyMac was a smaller bank but it was over $10B in assets and
         | the FDIC had to setup a Bridge Bank because the attempt to
         | auction it off failed, so the FDIC had to impose a loss of 14%
         | of total deposits on the depositors.
         | 
         | > Since 2007, the FDIC has served as receiver for over 525
         | banks. Only 9 of these failed banks had assets over $10
         | billion. Thus, the overwhelming majority, over 98 percent, had
         | assets under $10 billion.
         | 
         | The FDIC routinely liquidates banks under $10B. What we have
         | here is not routine, and is Washington Mutual-sized. The
         | smoothness of Washington Mutual being taken over though was
         | probably not something you can expect to rely on.
         | 
         | https://www.fdic.gov/news/speeches/2019/spoct1619.html
        
       | rvnx wrote:
       | Instead of paying with cash, couldn't they pay using shares of
       | SVB ? SVB becomes Silicon Valley Bank, a bank for startups, owned
       | by startups.
        
         | zacharyvoase wrote:
         | Because shares in an entity that owes more than it owns are
         | worth zero.
        
           | thuridas wrote:
           | A company has different values for different customers
           | depending on what they are going to do with it.
           | 
           | The software and customers would have some value. If they can
           | provide digital capabilities to a traditional bank it will
           | certainly be a plus against the negative in financial
           | products.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | All of that has some value, but this value will be taken
             | away from the shareholders, sold to someone, and the
             | proceeds used to pay back part of the liabilities. The
             | shares are still worth zero because they have no claim on
             | that value.
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | If they find a way to agree with the creditor to exchange the
           | cash against shares, they won't owe anything. These shares
           | are backed by long-maturity treasuries, MBS and future
           | business of the bank.
           | 
           | Then the new owners of this bank, can decide whether to
           | liquidate long-maturity treasuries at a loss, or raise new
           | capital, or just wait it out.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | Depositors and bondholders get the money first.
             | 
             | The reason SVB collapsed is because there's not enough
             | treasuries to possibly even pay depositors, let alone
             | bondholders or shareholders. If there were enough
             | treasuries to pay shareholders, then the bank run wouldn't
             | have happened in the first place. (The bank run on Thursday
             | was caused by the sudden realization that there might not
             | be enough money at the bank).
             | 
             | A buyout / successful auction is the best case scenario. If
             | some bank out there is willing to buy SVB and make all
             | their depositors whole again, then win/win for everybody.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | The problem is that they invested in 10 years duration
               | bonds, instead of 0-3 months or 1 year duration.
               | 
               | This essentially means, that if interest rates raise,
               | then temporarily (the time of the duration of the bond)
               | the bond may be worth less because there are new bonds
               | which are more attractive to the investor.
               | 
               | Once the bond matures, then the full sum is returned to
               | the holder of the bond.
        
               | pseudo0 wrote:
               | That assume that the bank can keep their depositors while
               | offering uncompetitive interest rates on deposits. For
               | example, a bank that bought 3-12 month t-bills could
               | offer depositors 4% interest on their savings accounts
               | and still make a profit. Why would anyone leave their
               | deposits with SVB for the next ten years if they can only
               | afford to offer 1.5%, because they made a bad bet on long
               | duration bonds?
               | 
               | Sure, banking has a fair amount of inertia, but
               | eventually people realize that they are leaving FDIC
               | insured money on the table.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > Why would anyone leave their deposits with SVB for the
               | next ten years if they can only afford to offer 1.5%,
               | because they made a bad bet on long duration bonds?
               | 
               | Chase is still offering 0.01% on savings accounts, and
               | somehow has deposits. 1.5% is generous compared to that,
               | even though it's much less than you can get with a little
               | shopping around.
        
               | zhte415 wrote:
               | The interest rate is the opportunity cost of investing
               | elsewhere. Why would someone buy a bond at a 1% discount
               | when they can buy the exact same bond at a 2 discount?
               | 
               | Aside from not making large unmatched unhedged yield
               | curve bets, not marking portfolio prices to market was a
               | problem for SVB.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | Sure, but $46 Billion left the bank on Thursday.
               | 
               | The bank run already happened, so the bank has to sell
               | those bonds for a loss to meet its obligations to their
               | depositors. Because of the interest rate changes, they
               | are forced to sell those 10Y and 30Y bonds for a 20% loss
               | (or greater).
               | 
               | As such, the bank is underwater. FDIC is looking for a
               | buyer who is willing to lose a little bit of money in the
               | short term, but maybe gain some customers in the long
               | term.
               | 
               | ----------
               | 
               | There's no time to wait 10 Years. The bank needed the
               | money 3 days ago.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | The bond is worth less not temporarily but permanently.
               | The (low) market price of such a bond is appropriate - it
               | might rise (if the current interest rates fall), but it
               | might as well fall even more (if the current interest
               | rates rise even higher). Sure, in nominal dollars you get
               | the 'full' amount back after xx years, but a 203x-dollar
               | is worth less than 2023-dollar, and the market price of
               | that bond reflects the markets' current best estimate on
               | _how much less_ that future dollar is worth.
               | 
               | You can't make whole the current depositors by saying
               | that they'll get the same quantity of 203x-dollars
               | (because you owe them 2023-dollars which are worth more),
               | you can't make whole the current depositors by trading
               | the future claims on these 203x dollars (i.e. bonds) to
               | someone else because the price you can get is not enough
               | to make them whole; and you can't make whole the current
               | depositors by paying them back in year 203x their dollars
               | with market-rate interest because you don't have enough
               | assets to cover that market-rate interest, only the low,
               | low interest that SVB fixed last year or before.
        
             | modeless wrote:
             | This is exactly what Bitfinex did. Funny to see the same
             | solutions proposed for actual banks.
        
               | melenaboija wrote:
               | What was the equivalent to the treasuries in this
               | comparison?
        
               | modeless wrote:
               | Their remaining assets after they were hacked. They gave
               | everyone's account a 36% haircut and issued a kind of
               | equity to "cover" the rest. I guess it ended up working
               | for them because they're still around, but personally I
               | wouldn't touch Bitfinex with a ten foot pole.
               | 
               | And I think I read that SVB's losses this week exceeded
               | their cumulative profits since inception so it seems
               | likely that even 100% ownership of the company wouldn't
               | be valuable enough to make their customers whole.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | It's not a good solution to give pieces of equity and/or
               | claims on future cash distributions, but it sounds better
               | than forcing to liquidate everything in a rush
               | immediately.
               | 
               | Another way could also be to apply when you are
               | withdrawing the money:
               | 
               | 1st yr: 10% withdraw fee
               | 
               | 2nd yr: 9% withdraw fee
               | 
               | 3rd yr: 8% withdraw fee
               | 
               | etc
               | 
               | with the rate adjusting down every year.
        
               | modeless wrote:
               | Or, you could liquidate everything now and give people
               | cash today that they could choose to put into treasuries
               | themselves, earning a rate much better than your proposed
               | lockup fee schedule. That sounds much faster and simpler
               | and ultimately better for everyone.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | It does owe something. They have a cash flow problem,
             | because the bank made a poor risk management decision and
             | when big money people like Thiel figured it out, they had
             | their minions and companies run the bank. If you have $100
             | in cash and a $1M house and you owe me $10k, I'm gonna put
             | a lien on your home and liquidate it for my money.
             | 
             | Now the people who missed the memo are crying about it.
             | Guys like Sacks have taken to Twitter to cry and whine
             | about how they are like poor farmers or whatever.
             | 
             | The reality is the FDIC is good at what it does, and it's
             | probably best to wait until tomorrow before getting hot and
             | bothered about it. If you want to get angry, ponder how the
             | people who coordinated the bank run got the information
             | used to trigger it.
        
               | stanleydrew wrote:
               | What incentive does someone like Thiel have to induce a
               | run at SVB?
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | It's not an incentive thing. It's a major player creating
               | a panic.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Primarily, his portfolio companies have an incentive to
               | have access to their deposits.
               | 
               | He probably gains reputation by advising people to get
               | out of a bank that fails. Although he probably advised
               | them to use it in the first place.
        
           | dheera wrote:
           | It's worth what the market deems it's worth, if the SEC
           | doesn't keep dipping their hands in the market and halting
           | trading, Reddit would have a chance to bid up the stock to
           | some nonzero value.
           | 
           | It's not like the valuations of any other tech stock are
           | based on fundamentals either.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | Depends on what the market is valuing it today.
           | 
           | My prediction is that the result of the auction will be a
           | merger whereby SVB stockholders will be compensated in stock
           | of the acquiring bank valued at a few dollars per share down
           | from ~$300 a month ago. Depositors made whole, stockholders
           | lose 90-99%, creditors get paid. The purchase likely
           | sweetened by a sizable cheap Fed loan or guarantee, or maybe
           | the Fed buying some of the distressed assets at nominal
           | value.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | "My startup's entire cash position is gone and I can't make
         | payroll next week, but hey at least I get these worthless
         | shares of a failed company!"
         | 
         | Although these are all startup founders and VCs, so maybe the
         | strategy will actually work.
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | These shares are not worthless at all if the bank has a
           | future. SVB's main issue is that you have to wait for the
           | treasuries to get back to the par value once they mature.
           | 
           | If SVB distributes shares of itself in prorata of the
           | liabilities that they have toward their customers, then
           | customers would essentially have majority of voting rights,
           | and they can decide on what to do.
           | 
           | They can vote a resolution to get physical delivery of the
           | underlying bonds, and individually decide to wait it out
           | and/or sell portions of bonds on the market progressively
           | (when they need cash).
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | SVB's main issue is that their depositors are leaving, and
             | they have to pay their depositors _RIGHT NOW_, as this
             | ongoing bank run occurs.
             | 
             | They cannot afford to wait. Depositors have higher priority
             | than shareholders, so any shareholder equity is obviously
             | wiped out and $0. Such is the curse of seniority: the
             | depositors have a stronger legal priority on those bonds
             | than the shareholders, so the depositors get paid first...
             | and the share holders are paid whatever is remaining
             | (probably $0)
        
             | cragfar wrote:
             | FDIC took over the bank on Friday. There's no going back
             | from that, the company is over and shareholders are wiped
             | out.
        
             | Denvercoder9 wrote:
             | > and individually decide to wait it out and/or sell
             | portions of bonds on the market progressively
             | 
             | You don't need SVB to be an ongoing concern to do this. If
             | SVB is liquidated and its depositors are paid from that
             | sale, they can just buy back those same bonds on the open
             | market for the same price if they want to wait them out.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | One issue with this approach with SVB liquidating
               | everything is that suddenly a lot of bonds are going to
               | be sold, and this creates a big risk to have depressed
               | assets prices, and prices of the bonds spiraling down
               | further if there are no buyer on the other side.
               | 
               | This is what happened during the Kerviel scandal in
               | France, when Societe Generale tried to unwind the risky
               | positions of a trader.
               | 
               | Unless the government steps in and decides to purchase
               | these bonds that SVB is selling and add them on its
               | balance sheet... Which essentially would put the burden
               | on the random non-Silicon Valley guys who didn't ask for
               | anything (and it's not fair).
               | 
               | The other thing, is that many companies don't need 100%
               | of their cash. They may just use SVB as storage, and
               | waiting for the bonds to mature may be totally fine
               | rather than take a loss.
               | 
               | Also, during this interval that they have to wait. If
               | capital is needed, VCs may have better capabilities to
               | raise capital at good conditions, rather than a failed
               | bank.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | equity holders will almost certainly be wiped out, so I
             | believe the share are now worthless.
             | 
             | (the cramer curse.)
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | The bank's shares were at $270 on Wednesday, $106 on
             | Thursday and $34 on Friday before trading was finally
             | halted and feds took over. So under standard definitions of
             | "worth", there is approximately zero in this company. It
             | does not have a future.
        
               | littlestymaar wrote:
               | Given that their liabilities excess their assets by a few
               | billions, there's even less than zero in there.
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | Well good thing shareholders aren't on the hook for
               | those, and the floor value of the shares is zero. Imagine
               | a world where that wasn't the case though.
        
               | jakeinspace wrote:
               | Well, that world would be closer to a true free market.
               | The legal protection of limited liability makes modern
               | stock markets work, but it is absolutely a massive
               | benefit given from the working+middle class towards
               | investors (of course there is an overlap between those
               | groups). It's my first argument any time I hear someone
               | complain about capital gains tax being double taxation on
               | top of corporate taxes.
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | It's called Switzerland, where shareholders of Private
               | Banks used to have unlimited liability (now it has
               | changed).
        
         | sigstoat wrote:
         | turning depositors, probably the most senior possible form of
         | debt, into shareholders, the least senior form of debt, is a
         | garbage deal that nobody in their right mind would take.
        
         | ec109685 wrote:
         | That's what they are doing: " The FDIC will pay uninsured
         | depositors an advance dividend within the next week. Uninsured
         | depositors will receive a receivership certificate for the
         | remaining amount of their uninsured funds. As the FDIC sells
         | the assets of Silicon Valley Bank, future dividend payments may
         | be made to uninsured depositors."
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | Interesting finding, thank you.
        
       | h2odragon wrote:
       | SBF presumably wasn't allowed to bid.
        
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