[HN Gopher] People with ADHD claim Adderall is 'different' now
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       People with ADHD claim Adderall is 'different' now
        
       Author : gnicholas
       Score  : 135 points
       Date   : 2023-03-11 18:25 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | therein wrote:
       | I wouldn't be surprised if they are doing this. It should be
       | relatively easy to test, though. I know many people that'd
       | volunteer do run NMR or mass spec.
        
         | awinter-py wrote:
         | interesting -- where? guessing it would be easy to collect a
         | bunch of different brands + generics to compare
        
           | therein wrote:
           | Pretty much anyone with friends who study chemistry would do.
           | The problem is, no matter what you do, it is going to be very
           | challenging proving the chain of custody to hold them
           | accountable.
        
       | blincoln wrote:
       | I don't think it's still manufactured, and maybe it's unrelated
       | to this current situation, but around 8-15 years ago, one of the
       | manufacturers of generic Adderall XR did something that made it
       | much less effective. It was obvious which ones were theirs,
       | because they were the only company that put theirs in blue
       | capsules.
       | 
       | Subjectively, it felt about half as effective as anyone else's.
       | There were many, many forum discussions at the time from adults
       | taking it as well as parents of kids who'd received it and
       | noticed a big difference.
       | 
       | It was especially frustrating because of all the rigamarole one
       | has to deal with to get the medication in the first place. To not
       | have it work and also have to wait another month to get one that
       | does is ridiculous.
       | 
       | I submitted a complaint to the FDA about it at the time. Never
       | even got a form letter back. It's caused me to avoid generic
       | drugs where possible ever since because if that can slip through,
       | what else can?
       | 
       | I assumed at the time it was some difference in the capsule
       | itself or the delayed-released mechanism, as opposed to the
       | active ingredients being different.
        
         | kkielhofner wrote:
         | You see this with a lot of psychotropic medications (and likely
         | others).
         | 
         | It's why when you fill a generic the label will specifically
         | list the manufacturer. I've heard of at least a few instances
         | with psych meds where people will either try to get a specific
         | generic manufacturer or go back to name brand because of the
         | significant impact due to variability you're describing.
        
         | drowsspa wrote:
         | I would also say that ADHD meds are much more susceptible to
         | this, because the psychological effect is just so noticeable.
         | Taking Vyvanse by itself compared with taking it with a little
         | snack it makes quite a difference in the absorption for me;
         | when I take it with Psyllium husk, then...
        
           | liketochill wrote:
           | Then what?
        
           | roer wrote:
           | I am in a similar situation as you and trying to figure out
           | the best way to take my medication. I never really thought
           | about my psyllium husks having an effect, so I'm very curious
           | what you've noticed
        
       | trafficante wrote:
       | As somebody approaching 40 who has been on ADHD meds most of his
       | adult life and for portions of his childhood:
       | 
       | It's not that (generic) Adderall is different so much as there
       | seems to have been an explosion of generic manufacturers all
       | using wildly different amounts of the actual amphetamine salts
       | and binding agents.
       | 
       | For me personally, the Mallinckrodt generic seems to use a
       | different binding agent that causes bloating and occasional
       | headaches.
       | 
       | The shortage has really demonstrated just how differently these
       | generics are formulated.
       | 
       | Eg: I used to take Sandoz 20mg tablets that were about the size
       | of two baby aspirins. At one point, a few months back, I was
       | forced to modify my prescription so it could be filled as 10mg
       | tablets.
       | 
       | My new 10mg bottle was filled with Teva manufactured pills that
       | each were roughly the size of 2.5 of my old Sandoz 20mgs -
       | despite being half the dosage. That's a ton of filler.
       | 
       | The worst part about the shortage - beyond the anxious pharmacy
       | hunt each month - is that my insurance pushed a new shortage
       | policy that places a moratorium on modifying ADHD prescriptions.
       | I literally am not allowed to try "creative" solutions like
       | Dexedrine or even something like modafanil.
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | As someone who has been on and off Adderall for 20 years: Why
       | would I care what a bunch of psychotics _think_?
       | 
       | > Videos of people who claim that their medication is no longer
       | effective have recently catapulted through TikTok.
       | 
       | Oh, TikTok, even better.
        
         | favaq wrote:
         | Precisely what I was thinking. This kind of hoax sounds like it
         | could easily spread among crazy people.
        
       | awinter-py wrote:
       | the stuff in here about 'minor differences in coating could make
       | a difference but shouldn't' is surprisingly badly researched
       | 
       | both teva + shire manufacture a branded and a generic -- just
       | _ask_ them what the difference is between the two, right? and if
       | they hang up you can write,  'both teva and shire refused to say
       | if their generic works'
       | 
       | I'm fairly sure this is Shire's original patent for XR beads
       | https://patents.google.com/patent/US6322819B1/
       | 
       | they have a subsequent patent for a more continuous delivery
       | system https://patents.google.com/patent/US6913768B2/
       | 
       | (from plasma concentration, the double-pulsed one looks as smooth
       | as continuous delivery, but I'm guessing the brain + blood half
       | lives are different)
       | 
       | but the bead material is probably FDA scrutinized, and any
       | chemical difference between the branded + generic version is in
       | theory public knowledge; shocking nyt didn't like, call a chem
       | lab or something before hitting send on this one
       | 
       | the author speculating that someone is complaining about
       | switching from an immediate release to an XR also feels bogus --
       | presumably I would say in my tiktok that it's a capsule instead
       | of a tablet?
        
         | hooverd wrote:
         | That's like baby's first chemistry lab lesson, inactive
         | ingredients can make a big difference sometimes.
        
         | jws wrote:
         | I suppose things might have changed in ~half a century, the FDA
         | used to care about everything.
         | 
         | Back in the late '80s the VAX-11/750 that was part of the
         | Siemens MRI scanners was shipped in the old blue trim color
         | long after DEC had switched to the very chic "brown on tan"
         | color scheme. The FDA approval for the scanner would not let
         | them change the color of the paint because of some bleedover of
         | medication regulation language into the equipment approval
         | regulations.
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | There are whole classes of products designed to be eaten for
           | various purported benefits but which are evidently neither
           | sufficiently foodlike not sufficiently druglike to warrant
           | FDA attention. Herbal supplements are apparently just edible
           | magic.
        
       | paulmd wrote:
       | Not a doctor, just a patient:
       | 
       | Adderall is a mixed salt, it's two stereoisomers, amphetamine and
       | dextroamphetamine. One of them (I think it's the amphetamine) is
       | "speedier" feeling and the other one (I think dex) is "cleaner".
       | 
       | Dextroamphetamine is also available as a purified salt itself, as
       | dexedrine. And I think that's more of a "kids medicine"
       | specifically because it's less "speedy".
       | 
       | I think there's nothing that guarantees any particular ratio
       | comes in the product, and obviously generics have very mixed
       | results on just how "bioequivalent" it really ends up being. I
       | think the mixture is varying and people end up _feeling_ like it
       | 's different because they're feeling the "speediness" change and
       | that's the feeling they associate with being medicated with
       | stimulants.
       | 
       | Amphetamines are another dopamine-releasing and gaba-ergenic
       | family of drugs and my suspicion is that in the presence of an
       | opioid antagonist like naltrexone probably patients would not be
       | able to distinguish between the exact mixtures of the
       | stereoisomers but without it they probably can tell which feels
       | "speedier" and the perception is that is how much their symptoms
       | being treated. The dopamine-releasing loop probably is a not-
       | insignificant part of how it treats ADHD though, dopamine-seeking
       | is a key aspect of ADHD (do you drink caffeine or eat sugar
       | before you go to bed, or when you wake up in the middle of the
       | night, and then fall right asleep? that's because your brain is
       | getting dopamine satiation finally).
       | 
       | (Incidentally this all makes stims a very difficult combination
       | for alcoholics and other GABA-loop drugs because the effects are
       | synergistic and mask each other.)
       | 
       | Obviously a difference in coatings should make zero difference
       | but half the time there are broader problems with bioavailability
       | or just generics being inferior quality in general, not just
       | adderall but in general. The FDA isn't doing a good job with this
       | really, just IMO, and not just with adderall. The entire
       | foundation of generics rests on "this is chemically equivalent
       | and absorbed the same" and it's clearly not for a lot of people
       | and the generic is almost always the one that comes off worse.
       | The entire product needs to be the same, binder and coating and
       | all, with the same level of quality and in the case of
       | stereochemistry it needs to be the same mixture.
       | 
       | The bigger problem is just the shortages in general... my last 2
       | refills have both taken 7 days past the end of of the
       | prescription, and this latest one I only managed to get 1/3 of my
       | prescription filled (and they won't fill the rest of the
       | prescription later if you pick it up, nor will they hold what
       | they have while the rest of it comes in). Leftovers and reducing
       | my dose (against the instructions of my doctor) will only carry
       | you so far, I can't run 50% longer on a given prescription. The
       | mood swings and stress and dopamine-balance/seeking problems that
       | come with bouncing off it are rough too.
       | 
       | My doctor's office is entirely unsympathetic and views their job
       | as 24-48 hour turnarounds which is obviously completely
       | insufficient for this kind of situation, no way it will be on the
       | shelf in 48 hours. And if I push it then I come off drug-seeking
       | (yes, voluntarily taking 1/3 of my prescription per month so I
       | can get something at all, definitely drug-seeking). It sucks and
       | I've become very disillusioned with my doctor over this, they
       | just are not sympathetic at all.
       | 
       | Everything to do with C2s is just so tainted by the adversarial
       | relationship between the DEA and doctors and that only emphasizes
       | the sometimes-adversarial relationship between doctor and
       | patient.
       | 
       | If this were lupus patients struggling to get their meds during
       | the height of COVID mania, there would be no concern whatsoever
       | about doing what was needed to get people their meds. There would
       | be no concern about other generic providers just making more,
       | either. But it being a C2 changes everything. It fucking sucks
       | and it's disgusting this is how a health care system works.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | Some clarification: the stereoisomers of amphetamine found in
         | Adderall are _levo_ amphetamine and _dextro_ amphetamine, the
         | former feels "speedier" because it mostly affects the body
         | (heart rate, blood pressure, fight-or-flight response) whereas
         | the latter mostly affects the brain (wakefulness, focus, etc.)
         | Adderall exists because apparently a small amount of
         | levoamphetamine has been shown to produce some effect on focus,
         | but most of the heavy lifting is done by the right-handed
         | isomer. In my opinion the risk of addiction is higher if there
         | is a noticeable physical high.
         | 
         | Which is why I personally have decided to go with
         | dextroamphetamine (in the long release form of
         | lisdexamphetamine) which doesn't cause any body stimulation,
         | and in fact lowers my blood pressure due to reduced anxiety,
         | while producing no physical stimulation whatsoever. A cup of
         | coffee feels "stronger" than lisdex.
         | 
         | In Britain Ritalin (methylphenidate) is usually first line
         | treatment for children, while Elvanse (lisdexamfetamine) is
         | preferred in adults. AFAIK Adderall is not prescribed here.
        
           | capitainenemo wrote:
           | The wakefulness thing has been offered as a theory for the
           | doubled rate of psychosis in ADHD children on Adderall
           | compared to Ritalin.
           | 
           | https://www.healthline.com/health/adhd/adderall-psychosis
           | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1813751
           | 
           | "Studies of Adderall and similar stimulants, such as
           | methylphenidate (Ritalin), estimate that psychosis occurs in
           | about 0.10 percent of users. However, new research with over
           | 300,000 adolescents with ADHD showed that the rates of
           | psychosis in adolescents in the amphetamine group was as high
           | as 0.21 percent. "
        
         | braingenious wrote:
         | The isomers in adderall are dextroamphetamine and
         | levoamphetamine. They are both "amphetamine".
         | 
         | Last I checked it's a racemic mixture, so it'll be 50/50
         | levo/dextro.
         | 
         | Fun fact! Certain SKUs of Vicks inhalers use levo _meth_
         | amphetamine as a very effective decongestant. It's literally
         | methamphetamine! Just not the kind that can get you even
         | remotely high.
        
         | 1659447091 wrote:
         | > and this latest one I only managed to get 1/3 of my
         | prescription filled (and they won't fill the rest of the
         | prescription later if you pick it up, nor will they hold what
         | they have while the rest of it comes in)
         | 
         | You can have your doctor send in a new prescription for the
         | remaining amount. Whether your doctor will for you is another
         | story.
         | 
         | The way it was explained to me is a prescription of say 90
         | count is -yours- for the month. You get to have 90 in a 30 day
         | period. If a pharmacist can only fill 30 and you pick it up,
         | the rest of that particular script is no longer valid (or
         | something). But you are still good for 60 as long as your
         | doctor will write a new script for that remaining amount.
         | 
         | source: same situation couple months ago or so and a great
         | doctor and pharmacist who understands the situation. I received
         | a 10 day supply and had a new prescription sent in that would
         | not be able to be filled until after that 10 days and only for
         | the remaining amount.
        
         | llamaLord wrote:
         | In Australia we only have pure Dex. I'm not sure if I buy that
         | they're a benefit in using 25% levoamphetamine vs the
         | manufacturers just wanted a way to cut their product and get
         | cheaper manufacturing...
        
           | scq wrote:
           | It's mostly an accident of history. Adderall was originally
           | marketed as a weight loss product (!) containing 4 different
           | amphetamine salts, including methamphetamine (!!).
           | 
           | The FDA made them remove the meth in the 70s, and in the 90s
           | the company that made it was acquired, and it was rebranded
           | as an ADHD drug.
        
       | bragadiru_mafia wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | You might be shocked to find out how many tech people are on
         | them. I mean... it's not exactly an unknown correlation.
        
           | shrimp_emoji wrote:
           | Coming from a culture where psychiatric medications are not
           | normalized (because people simply couldn't afford them, if
           | pharmacies even carried them), it is pretty disturbing how
           | many people take some kind of pill. You can't help but feel
           | as though so many people _shouldn 't_ have anything wrong
           | with them such that they _need_ pills -- i.e., mental illness
           | should not exist at such high rates lol.
           | 
           | (And, as subtext, should be feared and stigmatized.)
        
             | pksebben wrote:
             | This is a dangerous take, and I would recommend you do the
             | reading to upgrade that feeling to a thought, with all the
             | relevant context.
             | 
             | The idea that someone should be a certain way, and that
             | they shouldn't need a pill, is making some heavy
             | assumptions about what's needed to exist in the world. This
             | is something that's changing rapidly - one can no longer
             | make a comfortable living doing many jobs, and most of
             | those are the kinds of things you could do if focused
             | thinking isn't in your wheel house.
             | 
             | Speaking as someone who thought that way for a long time,
             | and has a severe executive functioning disorder, I can tell
             | you it was wrong minded. I spent over a decade trying to
             | just "push through" because I felt "I should be enough
             | without it" and I didn't want to be dependent on a
             | medication. I flunked out of high school and then college,
             | went through a series of careers that always flopped, and
             | watched my relationships fail because I couldn't keep a job
             | or a schedule.
             | 
             | At some point, I became fed up with my situation and
             | started seeking help. After admitting that I might need
             | this help, things got immediately better in my head, and
             | then in my life. I taught myself to code and I now work in
             | tech, which is the story of career I had given up any hope
             | of ever achieving. I no longer struggle to make ends meet
             | and I have a stable and fulfilling life, which wasn't going
             | to happen unmedicated. I know this because I tried.
             | 
             | If this isn't you, then great. But please recognize that by
             | putting up barriers to others getting this stuff, we've
             | almost certainly forced people like me into lives that are
             | measurably worse and less productive for society than they
             | could otherwise live.
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | If you really want to be scared, wait until you find out
             | how many people get hooked as little children.
        
             | api wrote:
             | How many people wear eyeglasses?
             | 
             | Seems reasonable that a large percentage have suboptimal
             | neurological issues that can be helped by a drug for the
             | same reason so many have suboptimal vision: it doesn't stop
             | you from reproducing often enough to be selected out.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | I don't disagree with you. But... we can tell when eyes
               | are messed up by verifiable flaws in the mechanisms, we
               | can literally look in and see the issue. Not exactly so
               | for brain meds.
               | 
               | Is it the most fair comparison you can make?
        
       | faeriechangling wrote:
       | Regarding generic equivalents - let me give a little history
       | lesson:
       | 
       | For Methylphenidate based medications, Ritalin, Ritalin LA, and
       | Concerta all have the same active ingredient. However patients
       | were willing to pay extra for Concerta due to it having the OROS
       | delivery system which delivers the medication over an unusually
       | long period of time of 12 hours in a very steady way.
       | 
       | However in the US, the FDA allows medications which deliver
       | within 80% to 125% of the same medication to qualify as a
       | generic. A bunch of generics for concerta which did NOT use the
       | OROS delivery method but instead used cheaper inferior methods
       | which did not deliver medication as steadily or for as long were
       | released simply because they were within that 80% to 125% window.
       | In fact these generics were more similar to Ritalin LA than they
       | were Concerta, so essentially the FDA allowed essentially a
       | different drug to be substituted for Concerta when the ENTIRE
       | POINT of Concerta for many patients was that it gave a longer
       | lasting steadier dosage than Ritalin LA. If a patient didn't need
       | this advantage, they could just take Ritalin LA instead. This was
       | used as a pretence to deny insurance coverage for Concerta
       | because a generic existed and caused many insured patients to pay
       | thousands of dollars out of pocket for the real deal which they
       | never saw again. These generics were scams which hurt patients
       | quality of life and the medical system was complicit in hurting
       | patients while financially benefiting these fraudsters since only
       | having to pay for fake medicine instead of real medicine saved
       | them money. Nobody besides patients were punished.
       | 
       | This was well known and well documented within ADHD circles and
       | after some years led to two generics being decertified.
       | https://chadd.org/attention-article/exactly-like-brand/
       | https://www.goodrx.com/concerta/certain-generics-are-no-long...
       | 
       | The problems with Concerta generics happened around the same time
       | as the problems with Wellbutrin generics, problems which the FDA
       | ALSO denied for years before backpedalling. The whole "generics
       | are the same as the brand name" dogma is not actually true for
       | all medications, and it's ADHD patients historically who were one
       | of the groups of patients who found this out for themselves.
       | 
       | So if people suspect there is a problem with their Adderall
       | generics, I am VERY inclined to believe them, because we know
       | that patients using similar drugs have shown extreme sensitivity
       | to differences in generic equivalents in the past, and we know
       | the FDA has approved "Generic equivalents" that were anything but
       | repeatedly in the past.
       | 
       | If you are getting ADHD medications, you can request your doctor
       | write "no substitutions" and a specific brand on your
       | prescription. If you are having coverage denied for either the
       | brand name or the generic medication of the brand name (the exact
       | same medication but with a different name and lower price, rather
       | than being an equivalent) you CAN often get your doctor to help
       | you lobby your insurer to get a specific brand covered by
       | claiming medical need.
       | 
       | >This means that, theoretically, obtaining a generic form of
       | Adderall from a different manufacturer could alter how you feel
       | while on the medication. However, the differences between
       | generics are so small that an overwhelming majority of patients
       | wouldn't feel any change from their previous medication. "It's
       | not supposed to have drastic differences," Dr. Dube said.
       | 
       | What an absolutely fucking ignorant assertion given the history
       | of ADHD patients being noted for their sensitivity to small
       | differences between brand name medications and generic
       | equivalents. What data did he use to come to the conclusion the
       | "overwhelming majority" wouldn't feel any change and is he
       | talking about the ADHD patient population or the general patient
       | population? If he means the former he's wrong, if he means the
       | latter he's being obtuse and misleading.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | > and it's ADHD patients historically who were one of the
         | groups of patients who found this out for themselves.
         | 
         | I guess the things that work with immediate changes are going
         | up be easier to spot. But even then you don't often know the
         | expected result with (for example) pain killers. On the other
         | hand, if ritalin wouldn't work as usual, it would be really
         | obvious to me within a couple hours.
        
         | 1659447091 wrote:
         | > What data did he use to come to the conclusion the
         | "overwhelming majority" wouldn't feel any change and is he
         | talking about the ADHD patient population or the general
         | patient population?
         | 
         | This was my thought as well. Im very sensitive to manufacturers
         | and spent months bugging my pharmacist to tell me which "brand"
         | they had in stock so I could pick the one with least side-
         | effects. Even though they had a note in my file they would just
         | give me whatever they felt like and told me there was no
         | difference.
         | 
         | It took a different pharmacist who was also sensitive to
         | understand my problem - to the point she chased me down this
         | month after paying to tell me that it was a new manufacturer
         | she hadn't seen filled for me and wanted to double check I
         | wanted it before leaving the store. With the shortage I didnt
         | care & was why she filled it before checking since it was all
         | they had and would run out if she waited. And, it's not great,
         | it's weaker which causes me to get tired (small doses put me to
         | sleep), and starts to dissolve instantly so it will sometimes
         | stick if I dont drink fast enough.
         | 
         | I think that is one of the biggest problems. If people think
         | they should all work the same and then get worse side effects
         | they think its a fake, but it's probably just a different
         | manufacturer that they have no idea to even check.
         | 
         | For those that do, they dont seem to consider they are
         | sensitive to the change. The best manufacturer for me is
         | Camber, it's the only one that has no side-effects and "just
         | works". The first few days I thought it was a sugar pill until
         | I realized just how much I got done without even noticing. But
         | do a quick search and people are outraged at getting switched
         | to them and trying to get the FDA to revoke it.
        
       | taylorportman wrote:
       | I know this is overly tangential, sorry.. there are xr mechanisms
       | with varying degrees of linearity, molecular 'handednesses', and
       | recently I wanted to try these eye drops to replace reading
       | glasses and stumbled onto this fractional dosage relationship.
       | The last defined a medication's application - that generics vs
       | expensive effects depend on customized level of active components
       | that can produce a completely different drug. The point being
       | that the discount of bulk medication and fine tuning make for the
       | expense and it is still a compromise.
       | 
       | The epiphany for me was those eye drops for reading would be so
       | cheap if I could get it in bulk maximal strength and dilute to
       | arrive at a specific concentration that changed a drug already
       | used for completely unrelated (dry mouth or something) purposes
       | at a slight difference in concentration apparently changes the
       | fluid level in the eyes enough to compensate for age. I recalled
       | all of the times a helpful pharmacist would change other types of
       | prescriptions to avoid the expense of brand label fractional
       | doses letting the patient substitute a common bulk variety and a
       | pill cutter which becomes more difficult with fine granularity -
       | this active ingredient/filler ratio for pills.
       | 
       | So I began to wonder what do they do when manufacturing processes
       | produce more desirable chiralities - what happens to the
       | remainder?
       | 
       | If there is some conspiracy it is probably related to
       | manufacturing processes, bulk availability, and/or capacity for a
       | pharmacy to behave like a custom apothecary, all of the liability
       | that that would entail.. thus the expense of name brand
       | pharmaceuticals?
        
       | BizarreByte wrote:
       | I'm glad there's no obvious shortage in Canada, this stuff has a
       | tendency to spill over from America. I finally I was to get
       | prescribed and it definitely works for me. 20mg of Sandoz XR,
       | it's like magic.
        
         | thomastjeffery wrote:
         | The shortage is entirely arbitrary, and only exists in the US.
         | 
         | We had a significant increase in ADHD diagnosis during the
         | pandemic, because telehealth is much more approachable for
         | people with untreated ADHD.
         | 
         | Despite that increase, the DEA refused to increase the
         | arbitrary limit for how much Adderall can be manufactured in
         | the US. So we have an entirely avoidable shortage on our hands.
        
           | trafficante wrote:
           | > We had a significant increase in ADHD diagnosis during the
           | pandemic, because telehealth is much more approachable for
           | people with untreated ADHD.
           | 
           | And, in typical fashion, the DEA responds to the problem in
           | nearly the worst way possible: they announced new regulations
           | to stop telehealth providers from writing new prescriptions
           | for ADHD meds. I suppose this keeps the shortage from getting
           | worse, but that's about it.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | They aren't new regulations, its the ending of the
             | temporary suspension of the old regulations which was
             | premised on the pandemic state of emergency, which has
             | ended.
             | 
             | Its bad because the pre-existing rules were bad and should
             | have been changed instead of merely suspended based on the
             | pandemic.
        
         | briHass wrote:
         | You may have just gotten lucky. It seems like the situation in
         | the US is highly location/pharmacy-specific. The other
         | variables are type (IR/XR, generic/non, etc.) and unit dosage.
         | The worst hit seem to be 10mg/20mg generic IR Adderall, because
         | that is usually the most popular and cheapest option. Switching
         | to XR or to a less-common unit size (like 25mg) may increase
         | the odds of finding it somewhere.
         | 
         | It really is a super frustrating situation. Because of the
         | tight controls on the drug, prescriptions are almost always
         | sent electronically from provider to pharmacy, and any changes
         | or transfers must go through the provider. Most providers
         | aren't going to play whack-a-mole by continuing to transfer the
         | script, and as the article implies, changing medication type
         | (Ritalin/Adderall/Vyvanse) or IR/XR can have significant impact
         | on the effectiveness and potential side-effects. Responsible
         | providers aren't just going to flip/flop medications without at
         | least a consultation.
        
       | philwelch wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/LIlpt
        
       | analyte123 wrote:
       | Kind of bizarre that the author won't entertain the most obvious
       | explanation given the documented problems with many generic drugs
       | [1]. I guess the difference in this case is that the patients can
       | tell right away.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
       | shots/2019/05/12/7222165...
        
         | suzzer99 wrote:
         | I've been on 4 different brands of generic Ritalin. I'm sure I
         | can tell them apart by taking one.
         | 
         | 1. Normal (the first one - don't remember the manufacturer -
         | was extremely hard to break in half)
         | 
         | 2. Actavis - strong, but slow to hit
         | 
         | 3. KVK - strong and hits fast
         | 
         | 4. Mallinkrodt - weak
         | 
         | For years Mallinkrodt was the only brand my drug store would
         | get. Now they switched back to KVK and it's like night and day.
         | I only have to do half as much.
        
         | brianjking wrote:
         | The brand name worked significantly better when I took seizure
         | medication with fewer side effects. The differences between the
         | brand name and generic medications were very pronounced.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | The difference in Concerta and its generic is chocolate and
         | vanilla to me.
         | 
         | The brand one slow releases very evenly while the generic just
         | slams me with the calm, focused joy followed by a significant
         | emotional low for hours.
         | 
         | Completely unsurprised if an Adderall generic had just as
         | significant impacts.
        
           | luckydata wrote:
           | the generic concerta all have a KNOWN issue with
           | manufacturing. The slow release mechanism is mechanic, not
           | chemical, and only ONE generic is manufactured the right way.
           | 
           | https://www.goodrx.com/concerta/certain-generics-are-no-
           | long...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | RyJones wrote:
           | That is exactly my experience. The brand-name Concerta is a
           | smooth push all day, the generic is terrible.
        
           | guluarte wrote:
           | same, generic vs concerta fells very different, the generic
           | fills like a bomb while concerta it's slow and steady.
        
       | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
       | People still use Adderall? America is a strange place indeed.
       | Most of the world has moved on to dextroamphetamine a long time
       | ago.
        
         | philwelch wrote:
         | Hush! Shh! Don't tell them!
         | 
         | The adderall shortage is the result of a completely artificial
         | quota set by the DEA. Those of us who use dexedrine have been
         | mostly spared, but if the adderall users switch to dexedrine,
         | we might start having issues.
        
           | thomastjeffery wrote:
           | Considering that the Adderall shortage has affected my
           | pharmacy's supply of Concerta, you are probably just
           | relatively lucky.
        
           | WalterSear wrote:
           | I had to go with amphetamine because dexedrine was
           | unavailable in my area.
        
         | waboremo wrote:
         | Adderall contains dextroamphetamine btw
        
           | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
           | I know this. But it also contains levoamphetamine.
           | 
           | But as far as I know there's no clinically proven
           | benefit(happy to be proven wrong) to including levoamph, and
           | it can cause more side effects. Which is why in most
           | countries these days adderall is not really prescribed, and
           | often isn't even in the pharmacopoeia.
           | 
           | Why adderall is still in use in the US is an interesting
           | question I don't have the answer to.
        
             | waboremo wrote:
             | Do you have relevant sources about most countries refusing
             | to prescribe adderall in cases where they do not also ban
             | the use of dextroamphetamine?
        
               | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
               | It seems to me Adderall is not even marketed in Europe.
               | Can't find anything suggesting otherwise, but it's hard
               | to find a source on something never happening.
               | 
               | Though I can tell you definitely at least that here in
               | Norway, Adderall is not an approved drug(neither is
               | dexedrine). The only approved amphetamine here is Vyvanse
               | and its generic form Aduvanz.
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | > But as far as I know there's no clinically proven benefit
             | 
             | My impression of US pharma regulation and drug trials is
             | that it would not have been approved if it did not show
             | some benefit over the status quo. I don't know about
             | adderall's clinical trials in particular, though.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | Adderall was originally formulated and marketed as a diet
               | drug. It had already been approved before it was
               | rebranded and remarketed for ADHD, and the criteria for
               | approving a new on-label use is significant but not as
               | rigorous as approving a new drug.
               | 
               | Drugs that are still under a patent have a company with
               | the incentive to go through the expensive approval
               | process while generic drugs lack that. So a wacky mix of
               | amphetamines designed as a diet drug that are still under
               | patent have more corporate backing for that approval
               | process than plain old generic dextroamphetamine, which
               | has been around forever. There's a similar story with the
               | use of esketamine versus ketamine to treat depression.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | Ah, thanks for elaborating on the history.
        
               | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
               | I was a little unclear maybe. What I meant was that
               | there's no clinically proven benefit of racemic
               | amphetamine versus dextroamphetamine.
               | 
               | Racemic amphetamine is certainly an effective treatment,
               | that's been well proven.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | By "status quo," I meant dextroamphetamine.
        
               | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
               | Oh I see, my bad!
               | 
               | I think I was still in the mindset of thinking adderall
               | pre-existed dexedrine. So I guess I interpreted status
               | quo as meaning amphetamine vs whatever else was available
               | at the time.
               | 
               | Interesting little inversion of logic that can happen
               | when two people have diametrically opposed ideas of the
               | order of events.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | Hah, no worries.
        
             | at-w wrote:
             | There is at least some evidence that levoamphetamine is
             | more effective than dextroamphetamine for "hyperactivity
             | and aggressiveness" associated with ADHD
             | (https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-
             | abst...), and other studies that have found that it has
             | less of certain side effects than dextroamphetamine (though
             | more of others).
             | 
             | A more cynical explanation is that where levoamphetamine
             | and dextroamphetamine alone were not patentable, a new
             | combination of the two (as Adderall is) was patentable,
             | making it more profitable to research.
             | 
             | ADHD is a collection of symptoms that differ enough across
             | individuals that it's almost certain some patients
             | genuinely do respond better to different combinations of
             | drugs.
        
               | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
               | Interesting research, thank you. Though worth pointing
               | out this study is comparing pure l-amph with pure d-amph.
               | I'm not aware of enantiomerically pure l-amph being used
               | clinically, which is an interesting side note: why not?
               | 
               | Are you aware of studies comparing adderall specifically
               | to d-amph? This has certainly piqued my curiosity.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | This actually tracks in my experience. I did Vyvanse for
               | a while but had markedly higher issues with aggression
               | and agitation.
               | 
               | Switched back to Adderall and returned to having near
               | zero issues in terms of problematic aggression. Sample
               | size 1 in my case.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | Adderall is a mix of four amphetamine salts, of which dex is
         | one. My impression is people went to dex because it was
         | available as a cheap generic before Adderall's patent expired.
         | But you can get generic Adderall now because the patent expired
         | (cue: Vyvanse), so there isn't much of a cost reason to go on
         | dex.
        
           | at-w wrote:
           | My impression was that dextroamphetamine also worked better
           | in many patients than drugs that combine it with
           | levoamphetamine such as Adderall. Even when Vyvanse was under
           | patent and expensive, it was preferred by many for this
           | reason (Vyvanse is converted into dextroamphetamine in the
           | body). Levoamphetamine primarily acts on the norepinephrine
           | system, while Dextroamphetamine acts primarily on dopamine,
           | being 3-4 times as strong as Levoamphetamine in that sense
           | (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2670101/). As a
           | result, many patients find levoamphetamine to cause much more
           | physical side effects like racing heart, jitteriness, etc.
           | and be less effective at promoting mental focus than
           | Dextroamphetamine.
           | 
           | Adderall is still 75% Dextroamphetamine, but I haven't seen
           | much literature on why it would be preferred over drugs like
           | Vyvanse that include no Levoamphetamine.
        
           | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
           | I was getting increasingly confused so I just looked up the
           | history.
           | 
           | Adderall was invented to renew the approval of a weight loss
           | drug which contained two salts each of methamphetamine and
           | amphetamine. They replaced the methsalts with 2 more
           | amphetamine salts, for some reason. That's why the 4 salts.
           | Adderall was introduced in 1997, which suprised me. I always
           | assumed adderall was first because surely it would be easier
           | to synthesize than enantiomerically pure d-amph.
           | 
           | But apparently Dexedrine has been around as a treatment for
           | narcolepsy and attention problems since 1937.
           | 
           | So it's not so much that the world moved on to dex, more that
           | the US moved on to adderall for historical reasons having to
           | do with pharmaceutical patents, approval and marketing. And
           | the rest of the world were just fine staying with dex, which
           | makes perfect sense to me.
        
             | gtop3 wrote:
             | > I always assumed adderall was first because surely it
             | would be easier to synthesize than enantiomerically pure
             | d-amph.
             | 
             | I am not a chemist/pharmacist, but I am under the
             | impression that amphetamine synthesis is neither
             | complicated nor recent. I am under this impression because
             | a) References to different amphetamines are common place as
             | early as the 40s and b) The United States has a rich
             | criminal history of amateur methamphetamine production.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | Amphetamines were extremely common during and after WW2,
               | for example.
        
       | jebronie wrote:
       | Lol, america is addicted. Take your meds, junkies.
        
         | sourcecodeplz wrote:
         | Don't be ignorant. There are many people living normal lives
         | due to these medications whom would otherwise not be able to
         | function. I do wonder though how did people deal with these
         | problems in the past when neither ADHD or these drugs were
         | recognized and available.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-03-11 23:01 UTC)