[HN Gopher] Silicon Valley Bank's shares are tanking
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Silicon Valley Bank's shares are tanking
        
       Author : albertut
       Score  : 103 points
       Date   : 2023-03-09 21:16 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (techcrunch.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (techcrunch.com)
        
       | cygnus2512 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | chollida1 wrote:
       | Shares just fell 60%, not this year, but today, which is the
       | biggest drop I can think of.
       | 
       | This is after a $1.25B common stock offering in an attempt to
       | shore up its cash reserves.
       | 
       | Keep in mind they are raising cash by selling equity with their
       | shares at $100 when they were at $500 a less than a year ago.
       | 
       | That's pawn shop levels of selling. To say they are in trouble is
       | like saying it would be tough to sell a house that is currently
       | on fire.
       | 
       | Rumour was that SIVB got alot of the old SI deposits when it
       | became clear that they were going bankrupt.
       | 
       | It looks like both SI and SIVB will go bankrupt due to the same
       | two causes.
       | 
       | The one two punch of:
       | 
       | - loan duration mismatches(short term deposits bet against long
       | term loans). More specifically to get some interest income you
       | tend to have to either go to riskier assets, not an option for
       | bank, or longer duration. Unfortunately this locks you into rates
       | for a long term.
       | 
       | As everyone knows, rates have really gone up quickly in a short
       | duration. This makes your long duration assets drop alot in value
       | so you can't easily liquidate them to move to new higher paying
       | assets.
       | 
       | Normally this would be fine as you can ride out the duration of
       | your long term bets without losing money, except for the second
       | issue below.
       | 
       | - and a deluge of withdrawals meaning you can't just ride out
       | your long term loans.
       | 
       | The difference here is that while SI will go away, someone will
       | probably buy SIVB. It's just that with FDIC only protecting the
       | first $250,000 in deposits you don't want your corporate money at
       | the bank. And you certainly don't want to wait for FDIC to step
       | in and make you whole.
       | 
       | There is a potential third issue with SIVB in that as the bank of
       | alot of silicon valley startups they hold a lot of warrants for
       | those companies on their balance sheet. And those have really
       | been written down alot lately. Stripe, a great company by most
       | measures had its valuation cut in half according to a post from
       | yesterday so you can imagine what the average startup's valuation
       | is worth if strip is being cut in half.
       | 
       | SIVB got hit by a lot of different issues all at once but they
       | all had the same root cause, large interest rate hikes in a quick
       | timeframe.
       | 
       | The other commonality between SIVB an SI is that both banks
       | heavily concentrated on one sector only, for SI it was crypto and
       | for SIVB it was silicon valley. For each bank they ran into
       | interest rate hikes at the same time that the sectors they relied
       | on took a huge dive in value.
       | 
       | Diversification is important.
        
         | supernova87a wrote:
         | > _That 's pawn shop levels of selling. To say they are in
         | trouble is like saying it would be tough to sell a house that
         | is currently on fire_.
         | 
         | "Motivated seller!" -- Lionel Hutz
        
         | adam_arthur wrote:
         | Re: your duration point, these loans can be sold, either on the
         | open market or a private exchange.
         | 
         | Calling it a duration mismatch is a bit misleading. They took
         | on duration risk and their loans lost value is more accurate.
         | Otherwise they would just sell the loans (which they stated
         | they did, but clearly it wasn't enough thus the equity raise)
        
       | roseway4 wrote:
       | Rumors that sharks may be circling:
       | 
       | https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/09/silicon-valley-bank-shoots...
        
       | supernova87a wrote:
       | Are there any key differences of VC-related/startup-related banks
       | compared to regular old commercial banks? Does anyone have a good
       | link or a description discussing their dynamics?
        
       | sophacles wrote:
       | Bank CEO: "That's my ask. We've been there for 40 years,
       | supporting you, supporting the portfolio companies, supporting
       | venture capitalists."
       | 
       | I wonder how many people's lives and livelihoods have been
       | upended by this trash saying "it's just business"? Now he wants
       | people to be nice to him? Better idea - go live on the street -
       | it's just business.
        
       | exhibitapp wrote:
       | this is definitely happening (context series A founder from t1
       | VCs)
       | 
       | Every VC is talking to their portfolio companies right now about
       | this. Text/slacks/emails. Half of them screaming panic telling
       | founders to pull money out, the other half holding the line to
       | stay strong
       | 
       | Most founders i know arent taking the risk and moving money...
        
       | lisashm1234 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | marcopicentini wrote:
       | Crypto is going to have effects on traditional markets.
        
         | elevenoh wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Reminder - SVB is small bank - highest market cap was 50B --
       | trading at 5B. Low level of contagion. If it does fail -
       | definitely will be felt by start ups with cash at the bank.
        
         | bink wrote:
         | I think you're probably right, but "Low level of contagion"
         | sounds exactly like what we heard in 2007.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | cdibona wrote:
       | They're not allowing approval of wires via SMS or their app, and
       | no one is picking up the phone there and most numbers are fast
       | busy. Smells deeply bad. I had an account at a bank that went
       | under a few decades ago and it took a while for ... bofa? to pick
       | up the pieces.
        
         | pera wrote:
         | Yeah sounds like textbook bank run or cryptocurrency exchange
         | collapse, it's bizarre that this kind of things keep happening
         | every few years.
        
           | Terretta wrote:
           | It's bizarre a recurring thing recurs?
           | 
           |  _Particularly_ when  'venturing' into areas more profitable
           | because of more risk?
           | 
           | Here's their loan risk analysis as of EOY:
           | 
           | https://i.imgur.com/ZWG157R.jpg
           | 
           | Don't miss 14% to "innovation economy influencers"...
        
           | acchow wrote:
           | Given there are _at least_ 3 banks in most years (with a
           | handful of years with none), I would say this is actually
           | expected and not bizarre
           | 
           | https://www.fdic.gov/bank/historical/bank/
        
       | EamonnMR wrote:
       | So is this related to Silvergate?
        
         | ttobbaybbob wrote:
         | its not related, but its the same problem.
         | 
         | They took the deposits and bough "safe" bonds (eg treasuries).
         | Which they're allowed to carry on their books at cost, even
         | though their market price drops as interest rates rise.
         | 
         | But in both SVB and silvergates cases the drop in the market
         | value of their assets coincided with an increase in
         | withdrawals. They were forced to sell some of these bonds to
         | fund withdrawals, requiring them to realize the market price.
         | The accounting distorted the value of their assets to an
         | extent, and the withdrawals laid that distortion bare
        
       | ttobbaybbob wrote:
       | we're they specifically unsophisticated in the way they bought
       | treasuries/other bonds? One could look at the zero risk weighting
       | of treasuries and buy only those to satisfy capital requirements,
       | but you'd think it would be obvious that you would end up with
       | more exposure to interest rate risk than is prudent. Or is this
       | truly such an improbable swing in interest rates coupled with
       | demand for withdrawals that it is reasonable that they aren't
       | expected to anticipate it ?
        
       | rippercushions wrote:
       | From https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/09/silicon-valley-banks-
       | share... :
       | 
       |  _Becker said the bank has "ample liquidity" to support its
       | clients "with one exception: If everybody is telling each other
       | that SVB is in trouble, that will be a challenge."_
       | 
       | Pro tip: if you're CEO of a bank that's facing a bank run, don't
       | tell the press that you'll be in trouble if everybody takes their
       | money out.
        
         | anon291 wrote:
         | Perhaps I'm overly skeptical, but everyone should know that all
         | banks have the risk of 'if everyone takes their money out, the
         | bank won't be able to make it work', right?
        
           | WeylandYutani wrote:
           | Yes and at that point the boss of the ECB shows up, calmly
           | does a press conference at which he says "whatever it takes"
           | and everyone goes back to sleep knowing the Germans are on
           | the job.
        
           | barnabee wrote:
           | Yes, but if a bank has to remind people of that, it may be a
           | signal it has already lost.
        
           | phphphphp wrote:
           | Sure, and everyone _knows_ that their favourite person in the
           | world could just run them over in a car and kill them in
           | seconds, but if your best friend says to you, "you know, I
           | could drive my car into you and you would die... your life
           | could be snuffed out with a moments notice" you may start to
           | question your friendship.
        
             | burnished wrote:
             | This situation isnt like that at all.
        
               | ncallaway wrote:
               | The relevant similarity is the *act of making* the
               | statement is what's problematic. In both cases the
               | statement is true, but the act of making the true
               | statement raises concerns.
               | 
               | Obviously there are important differences between the
               | scenarios, but that critical aspect is what'a relevant in
               | this context.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Well, the big difference is that the bank CEO's statement
             | doesn't suggest that he will or could do something awful
             | himself.
             | 
             | It is indeed quite common to hear aphorisms like "live
             | every day like it's your last" which make the same point as
             | your analogy, but remove the suggestion that the speaker
             | could be a murderer and are thus much more analogous to the
             | bank CEO's statement.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | waiter, i'd like what they're having
        
           | WJW wrote:
           | It's true that all banks have that problem, but for most
           | banks it is not necessary for the CEO to remind everyone of
           | that fact in a press release. The fact that they feel the
           | need to make this statement makes it clear that SV bank is
           | having much higher withdrawals than normal right now.
        
           | cjensen wrote:
           | If the Bank is federally insured, it's not a problem that the
           | bank won't be able to make it work. That's why generally
           | speaking bank runs only happen on uninsured banks in the US.
           | SVB is not, as far as I can see, insured and should
           | definitely be careful in their choice of words.
        
             | mikeiz404 wrote:
             | That's true however there is a limit.
             | 
             | > The standard insurance amount is $250,000 per depositor,
             | per insured bank, for each account ownership category. [1]
             | 
             | 1: https://www.fdic.gov/resources/deposit-
             | insurance/brochures/d...
        
             | FormerBandmate wrote:
             | Washington Mutual and Wachovia were both insured
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | FDIC insurance is worthless for companies, as most would
             | need more than $250k monthly just to make payroll.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | They've got an FDIC page, https://www.svb.com/fdic, and
             | they show up in the FDIC bank finder
             | https://banks.data.fdic.gov/bankfind-
             | suite/bankfind/details/...
             | 
             | Although the Assets, Liabilities, and Capital reporting
             | available if you click "create financial reports for this
             | institution" estimates 5.69% of deposits are insured. Is a
             | corporate account limited to $250K of deposit insurance? If
             | so, I imagine many of them may have much more than that,
             | and the reporting does show almost 75% of the deposits are
             | in accounts with greater than $250K, assuming I'm reading
             | the report correctly.
        
               | dmoy wrote:
               | > Is a corporate account limited to $250K of deposit
               | insurance?
               | 
               | yes
        
             | silisili wrote:
             | How do you mean? SVB is FDIC insured -
             | https://banks.data.fdic.gov/bankfind-
             | suite/bankfind/details/...
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tempsy wrote:
             | You're kidding right? There's a limit of like $250k
             | 
             | An individual could easily have that much let alone a
             | startup with millions.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | notch898a wrote:
               | It's crazy to me there aren't banks with 100% reserve
               | ratio fully insured for a nominal fee of 0.4% or whatever
               | (gold/silver storage with full insurance is ~0.4% so this
               | probably isn't far off).
               | 
               | I'd much rather lose 0.4% of my money than lend it out at
               | +0.01% to whatever checking accounts pay nowadays while
               | they lend out to some asshole that does business with the
               | bank.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | In a bank? If you have that much you really should invest
               | in something better than a bank account. Banks should be
               | petty cash that you spend in a couple months.
        
               | tempsy wrote:
               | i'm not talking about what the savvy thing to do is, just
               | taking issue with the assertion that "it doesn't matter
               | if a bank fails cause it's insured" when there's a limit
               | that the OP either failed to mention or didn't know about
               | 
               | and not that it matters but this is specifically about a
               | startup or business not talking about personal finances
               | of an individual
        
             | mikesun wrote:
             | FDIC only insures up to $250K
        
               | johnbellone wrote:
               | Per account.
               | 
               | Edit: It seems I am incorrect.
               | 
               | > The standard deposit insurance coverage limit is
               | $250,000 per depositor, per FDIC-insured bank, per
               | ownership category. Deposits held in different ownership
               | categories are separately insured, up to at least
               | $250,000, even if held at the same bank.
        
               | notyourday wrote:
               | > Per account.
               | 
               | Per account "type" and structure. For DDAs if you are
               | married it will be:
               | 
               | You: $250k
               | 
               | Your+your wife: $250k
               | 
               | You POD your wife : $250k
               | 
               | Your wife: $250k
               | 
               | Your wife POD you: $250k
        
               | jfim wrote:
               | What's POD in this context?
        
               | htrp wrote:
               | Payable on Death...
        
               | TMWNN wrote:
               | >The standard deposit insurance coverage limit is
               | $250,000 per depositor, per FDIC-insured bank, per
               | ownership category
               | 
               | My understanding is that this might cause an unwelcome
               | surprise to (for example) someone with a personal account
               | at Bank A, and a sweep account at Brokerage P that sends
               | its funds into accounts at Banks A, B, and C.
        
           | jjulius wrote:
           | >... everyone should know...
           | 
           | I'm going to go out on a limb and say that that might not be
           | common knowledge.
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | Everyone doesn't need to know or care in many cases. The FDIC
           | insures deposits up to $250k. That covers the vast majority
           | of accounts at most banks. So a run won't occur at most
           | banks. There were hardly any runs in 2008 for this reason -
           | the relatively few "run type things" which happened were
           | where big interbank exposures existed.
           | 
           | SVB's customers are weighted significantly more towards
           | businesses who will have more than $250k in the bank. So,
           | they have to be ready to take action fast, so a bank run on
           | SVB is much more likely.
        
             | Enginerrrd wrote:
             | That FDIC thing is so laughable to me because it's purely
             | symbolic. Even the feds would have some serious trouble
             | absorbing bank-run losses.
        
               | billsnow wrote:
               | It's not symbolic, it's literally an insurance company
               | that the banks pay premiums to.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | > SVB's customers are weighted significantly more towards
             | businesses who will have more than $250k in the bank.
             | 
             | If you have that much money, FDIC is not adequate for you
             | (and isn't intended to be). There are other mechanisms for
             | those sorts of depositors. Surely, those businesses got
             | solid financial advice and are using them, right?
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | Every bank is screwed if everybody takes all their money out.
         | And everybody already knows it.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | FormerBandmate wrote:
           | If it becomes an internet meme/viral story however, which it
           | looks like it's becoming, they're especially fucked. He
           | should have never said this, this is very concerning
        
         | FormerBandmate wrote:
         | This is how every bank has always worked since banks were
         | invented
        
           | ncallaway wrote:
           | Yes, but it's pretty much always been problematic when a bank
           | leader has had to make a statement akin to "We're fine as
           | long as there's not a run".
           | 
           | That's the kind of thing that only gets said when there's
           | some concern that there will be a run.
        
             | FormerBandmate wrote:
             | They're selling equity to get capital. That's pretty dire
             | straits, FTX was doing that before they went under (I'm not
             | saying this is FTX, I'm just saying it can be akin to the
             | nuclear option)
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | We're fine as long as we don't hit an iceberg.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | except when all of banks failed their stress tests, a) who
             | remembers, b) who cared when it was announced?
        
               | FormerBandmate wrote:
               | All the banks passed their stress test this year
               | 
               | https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/b
               | cre...
        
               | orangepurple wrote:
               | Regulators have been putting immense pressure on big
               | banks to hold adequate capital reserves since 2008 and
               | they have been especially turning up the heat for the
               | last 5 years. Moreover, it is clear that regulators will
               | never allow a US bank to hold more than 3% of assets as
               | crypto ever again.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | anonymouse008 wrote:
         | Why didn't he just say, "I'm excited for whatever everyone must
         | be buying with their cash. We are looking forward to the
         | sellers' new deposits"
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Poor move by the CEO. It's like he wanted to be honest with
         | everyone but that wasn't a strong signal.
         | 
         | Also out most of the banks - you would expect that the clients
         | of SVB are a little more sophisticated than your retail bank
         | demographic being start-up companies and all (big assumption).
        
         | johnbellone wrote:
         | This guy. Wow.
        
         | dublinben wrote:
         | Matt Levine is fond of this highly relevant quote by Bagehot:
         | "Every banker knows that if he has to prove that he is worthy
         | of credit, however good may be his arguments, in fact his
         | credit is gone."
         | 
         | It seems that CEOs of banks haven't learned anything since 1873
         | when this was observed.
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | A variant of Thatcher's "Being powerful is like being a lady,
           | if you have to tell people you are, you aren't".
        
           | the_optimist wrote:
           | Representing that you have certainty--when you do not--may
           | well land you in jail. You can only show your measures and
           | sell the story.
        
           | kencausey wrote:
           | Or that very simply banks are never 100% liquid.
        
         | daniel-cussen wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | nimbius wrote:
         | its the most cynical response ive seen in a long time, to
         | basically reiterate a fundamental limitation of modern central
         | banking in response to the very event thats occurring.
        
       | vonnik wrote:
       | SVB is an institution that has supported a lot of businesses in
       | tech.
       | 
       | There are a lot of harmful clowns out there fearmongering. They
       | should stop.
       | 
       | The failure of a bank like this, if it occurs, would be bad for a
       | lot of people.
        
       | influx wrote:
       | I urge you to withdraw your funds before they collapse. These are
       | the same frauds that closed my account because they didn't like
       | the business I was in.
       | 
       | Enjoy bankruptcy you frauds.
        
         | ffssffss wrote:
         | What was the business? They told you it was okay and then
         | changed their minds?
        
       | nico wrote:
       | SVB CEO to VCs: please don't tell anyone to withdraw their money
       | or we could be in trouble
       | 
       | VCs: [immediately texting after hearing the above from the CEO]
       | attention all portfolio companies, SVB seems to be in trouble,
       | don't keep your money with them
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | samwillis wrote:
       | Ongoing discussion here:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35086336
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Thanks! Since that submission is just a single-sentence tweet,
         | I guess we'll merge those comments hither, so the (slightly)
         | more substantive article remains the basis for discusion.
        
       | n0us wrote:
       | I almost signed up for them via Stripe Atlas recently but hadn't
       | pulled the trigger yet. Glad I didn't
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | In theory, a bank can borrow reserves from/via the Fed to fulfill
       | redemption requests, so long as the Fed and other lenders in the
       | financial system think the bank has a sound balance sheet (i.e.,
       | its assets, including the loans it has made, are truly worth more
       | than its liabilities, including the deposit balances it owes to
       | depositors). The Fed can never run out of money to lend; it
       | creates it out of thin air to lend them as needed with the push
       | of a button.
       | 
       | If a bank does get in trouble, it's usually because its balance
       | sheet is not sound (i.e., assets are not really worth more than
       | liabilities). In the case of SVB, a big portion of its assets are
       | loans made to startups. Who knows how many of those loans are at
       | risk of default in this environment? Simultaneously, many of
       | SVB's depositors are also startups that at the moment can't raise
       | more capital and thus have been withdrawing money from their bank
       | accounts to fund their cash burn. I suspect SVB can't sell its
       | doubtful loans, or use them as collateral, so it has been forced
       | to sell high-quality long-duration assets purchased when rates
       | were much lower, recognizing large losses.
        
       | colesantiago wrote:
       | Is this an incoming tech crash?
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | It's more slow dominoes from the crypto crash, I suspect. I'm
         | not worrying about contaigion yet, these guys aren't exactly
         | Lehman.
        
           | throwaway20222 wrote:
           | Anecdotally about SVB and crypto; I really wanted to put my
           | funding round assets into Silicon Valley Bank for my last
           | start up. However, when I was speaking to their bankers, I
           | mentioned that there was a possible element of the platform
           | that would be Web3 based. The SVB team immediately paused my
           | application and insisted that they do a deep dive into all of
           | my investors, my bank accounts, and my pitch decks. My pitch
           | deck did not include materials about web3 since it was so
           | tertiary to our core strategy, and this discrepancy between
           | what I had told them and the paper materials was such that it
           | raised enough of an alarm at SVB that the refused to take my
           | deposit.
           | 
           | They were really concerned about anything web3 so I wonder if
           | they limited their exposure. Or maybe it was just us they
           | didn't like.
        
             | capableweb wrote:
             | Probably they just perform more extensive due diligence
             | because of the market, as cryptocurrencies are more risky.
             | I know of plenty of cryptocurrency companies that use SVB.
        
             | popcalc wrote:
             | I would have done the same.
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | I think it's more that the crypto crash and SVB liquidity
           | issues are dominoes from the interest rate environment. SVB
           | wasn't particularly deep in crypto AFAIK, although if I'm
           | remembering correctly I think I once met someone on a
           | specifically crypto-focused team there. (It stands out in my
           | memory because I consider it a minor red flag when dealing
           | with banks.)
        
         | pvarangot wrote:
         | If it's tech that was giving out USD loans and accepting crypto
         | as collateral yes maybe.
        
         | tekla wrote:
         | Doubt it. FTX has shown crypto is completely irrelevant to the
         | rest of the economy.
        
           | antibasilisk wrote:
           | FTX collapsed in 2022, I don't think we should be so quick to
           | dismiss contagion given we're still watching the fall out.
           | The subprime mortgage crisis didn't happen overnight.
        
         | adam_arthur wrote:
         | More likely a credit event affecting low quality
         | debt/companies. Usually these trigger broader recessions
         | 
         | Will be hard to raise for startups without compelling
         | profitability metrics, though
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | Wouldn't be surprised if some tech or crypto whales stated this,
       | to show that banks aren't more "save" than crypto
        
         | recursive wrote:
         | Don't think it will work. Banks accounts are federally insured.
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Here in Europe is's only 100k per account per holder. (Used
           | to be 20K in NL)
        
             | recursive wrote:
             | Having 100k in a bank account seems to be well into 1%-er
             | territory. I don't think that's going to do much for the
             | alleged PR campaign conspiracy.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Nah, especially among older folks, 100K+ in a bank
               | account is fairly common. My mom does, my grandmother
               | did, my stepmother does, and trust me none of these folks
               | are 1%ers or even close.
        
           | monocasa wrote:
           | At essentially $250k per account (although like all things
           | banking the specifics are far more complicated than that).
        
           | antibasilisk wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
             | theGnuMe wrote:
             | Themselves. They have magic money printing machines.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | The population.
             | 
             | The model is predicated that only a couple banks fail at
             | the same time. I am sure there is a magic number that if it
             | hit that many banks failing the insurance would also fail.
             | The likelihood of that happening is incredibly low - and I
             | can only think that would happen in a complete and utter
             | economic collapse.
        
       | mvial wrote:
       | The main limitation is that liquidity risk regulation are not
       | adequate. As recent example shows the reality is that risk is
       | underestimated under the fake premise of accounting rules. Asset
       | liability mismatch is the survival risk for a bank. Once you
       | start creating an imbalance that forces to take action by seliing
       | assets it is just creating a negative cycle. Also now people will
       | ralize that treasury is not risk free.
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | Seems like a good opportunity for Mercury.
       | 
       | Been using Mercury for a couple of years, as a customer I can
       | recommend their excellent support & services. That said, I know
       | aprox zero of their balance sheet or those of their backing banks
       | Choice Financial Group and Evolve Bank & Trust.
        
         | helsontaveras18 wrote:
         | Mercury is great! I bank with them.
         | 
         | But I'm not worried about Mercury, I'm worried about their
         | partner bank.
         | 
         | Anyone know if Evolve is in a similar situation?
        
           | willmadden wrote:
           | Not to spread FUD, but a friend of mine shared this with me
           | some time ago. It's a good article. I suggest reading it.
           | 
           | https://fintechbusinessweekly.substack.com/p/evolves-
           | problem...
        
       | recursivedoubts wrote:
       | Daily reminder that bank runs wouldn't be a thing if we did
       | duration matching, forbidding banks from borrowing short and
       | lending long.
       | 
       | As always, the underlying problem in banking is that the banks
       | are lying, telling two or more people they own the same dollar at
       | the same point in time. If they locked deposits for a period of
       | time they could safely (and morally) loan that money out without
       | lying, and, in fact, there wouldn't need to be a reserve ratio at
       | all.
       | 
       | Demand deposits should cost a low service fee, since the money
       | can't be safely lent.
       | 
       | Yes, I'm a lot of fun at parties, why do you ask?
        
         | mempko wrote:
         | Banks don't loan deposits. You have it exactly backwards. Loans
         | create deposits. Banks aren't intermediaries, but creators of
         | money.
        
         | villagevanguard wrote:
         | > reminder that bank runs wouldn't be a thing if we did
         | duration matching, forbidding banks from borrowing short and
         | lending long
         | 
         | What is the business then? In order for it to be a business, a
         | bank needs to earn a higher interest rate on what they lend
         | than on what they borrow.
         | 
         | The bank has two choices to achieve this delta in interest
         | rates. It can either 1. mismatch duration or 2. make loans that
         | are riskier than their borrowings. By banning the first, you
         | are implicitly claiming that the second is preferable. Is the
         | second really preferable? Maybe. But not obviously.
         | 
         | I have no special sympathies for Silicon Valley Bank, but the
         | reason its customers still have deposits today is that the bank
         | leaned more toward the duration mismatch than the risk
         | mismatch. What happens if you achieve your interest rate delta
         | by making super risky loans and all those loans turn to goose
         | eggs? Bye bye customer deposits.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | That's not a real problem as long as banks are adequately
         | capitalized. Shareholders might get wiped out but that's fine,
         | they know the risks.
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | You may be confusing solvability and liquidity. You may be
           | well capitalised but if you run out of cash it's game over.
           | Being well capitalised only protects you against losses (eg
           | bad loans).
        
         | throwaway742 wrote:
         | There is no reserve ratio. We got rid of it in March 2020.
         | 
         | https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/reservereq.htm
        
         | mrosett wrote:
         | > Daily reminder that bank runs wouldn't be a thing if we did
         | duration matching, forbidding banks from borrowing short and
         | lending long.
         | 
         | If we really want to prevent bank runs, shouldn't we just
         | forbid lending?
         | 
         | Snark aside, transforming duration is a big part of the value
         | that banks add. In general, there's a lot of demand for lending
         | short and borrowing long. Banks add value (and risk) by taking
         | the opposite side of those trades. I'd rather have banks that
         | suffer occasional runs (which really aren't that common at this
         | point) than banks that don't transform duration
        
           | antibasilisk wrote:
           | >If we really want to prevent bank runs, shouldn't we just
           | forbid lending?
           | 
           | This but unironically, interest-based lending is evil and
           | should be banned.
        
             | FormerBandmate wrote:
             | This destroys the entire economy, making startups and
             | corporations much harder to run to the point of
             | impossibility. Even in countries run on Sharia law, they
             | still find proxies for interest
        
               | njarboe wrote:
               | VCs generally fund startups by giving them funds in
               | exchange for equity, not loans (complicated financial
               | shenanigans aside).
        
               | FormerBandmate wrote:
               | They use discounted cash flows to model them, which are
               | dependent on loans as a key component.
               | 
               | VCs also use loans themselves from time to time, and
               | their investors can use loans to invest in them.
        
               | ticviking wrote:
               | Those proxies tend to make the risk and liability much
               | much clearer than usury does.
               | 
               | And generally speaking you can't honestly use those
               | proxies to build financial skyhooks
        
             | darkerside wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | acchow wrote:
               | I've flagged this. Please read the HN rules
               | 
               | "Be kind. Don't be snarky. Converse curiously; don't
               | cross-examine. Edit out swipes.
               | 
               | Please don't fulminate. Please don't sneer, including at
               | the rest of the community.
               | 
               | Comments should get more thoughtful and substantive, not
               | less, as a topic gets more divisive."
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | The comment I responded to advocates for a world where
               | this forum would never have existed. I could have been
               | less snarky, but I am genuinely mystified how someone
               | could have posted such a thoughtless and unsubstantiated
               | comment and seemingly not even realized it.
        
               | dwater wrote:
               | Well, a lot of religions created before the modern era of
               | banking say that lending with interest is a sin, and
               | there are some people that still believe it.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Also, most of the Muslim world works off of banking
               | without usury.
        
               | pseudo0 wrote:
               | Most of the Muslim world just offers financial products
               | that have "fees" coincidentally exactly equal to the
               | interest a non-Muslim bank would charge.
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | Thing is, I want to start a business but need several
             | hundred thousand USD in machinery. Lathes or bakery ovens
             | are not free after all. I don't have that right now, and if
             | I need to save up for several decades the opportunity will
             | have passed. How do I convince people to lend me money
             | without any interest?
             | 
             | You can replace "want to start a business" with "want to
             | buy a house" if you prefer.
        
               | originalcopying wrote:
               | that machinery being so expensive is part of a long
               | tradition of 'developed countries' (powerful peoples)
               | wielding power over other weaker countries by means of
               | technological availability restrictions.
               | 
               | The history of the textile industry is but an instance of
               | this historical pattern of behavior.
               | 
               | all I'm saying is that it's all part of the same 'power
               | system' of government and order.
               | 
               | in the end, interests is comparable to imposing a rent on
               | upon time usage. i.e. interest forces us to pay with
               | money for the time we live (or time we spent), regardless
               | of whether we are working or doing whatever, regardless
               | of where we are as long as we are under the influence of
               | money created through loans with interest.
               | 
               | that we must pay taxes on top of the interest exacted
               | from all of us is just a cherry on top.
        
               | skulk wrote:
               | > that machinery being so expensive is part of a long
               | tradition of 'developed countries' (powerful peoples)
               | wielding power over other weaker countries by means of
               | technological availability restrictions.
               | 
               | I'm having real trouble unpacking what you mean here.
               | Machinery is expensive because... there's a worldwide
               | cartel keeping prices up to keep out new players? Could
               | it also be that making machines is hard and requires a
               | lot of research/labor/material?
        
               | njarboe wrote:
               | If 30 year housing loans were not available, housing
               | would be a lot cheaper.
        
             | chollida1 wrote:
             | I assume you are trolling, but in case you are not.
             | 
             | How would you provide loans to help get businesses started?
             | 
             | How would you provide loans to people to buy their first
             | homes?
             | 
             | How would you provide loans so people can afford to go to
             | school?
             | 
             | How would you provide loans to buy a vehicle so people can
             | get to/from their job before they get a paycheck?
             | 
             | How would farmers afford to buy land, equipment and plant
             | crops before they got paid for selling them?
             | 
             | Like it or not, credit has allowed a large portion of
             | people to get lifted out of poverty.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | oa335 wrote:
               | Sell equity stakes or form a joint partnership. This is
               | exactly how most startups get funding.
               | 
               | Also, it's not clear to me that credit has lifted people
               | out of poverty; I'd argue that interest based lending has
               | kept people in poverty, transferring wealth to those who
               | already have it.
        
               | ticviking wrote:
               | Savings. Frugality.
               | 
               | Only consuming what we can actually afford.
               | 
               | Investment with real skin in the game. If you have to
               | take on much higher risk to get returns we will find
               | ourselves being more careful about those returns actually
               | happening.
        
               | jdminhbg wrote:
               | > Savings.
               | 
               | Those savings are gonna grow at a pretty slow rate if you
               | can't lend with interest.
        
               | volkk wrote:
               | so...it would take actual generations for people to get
               | out of being utterly broke since in your world, you'd
               | have to save up as a poor person to actually open up a
               | business or do anything worthwhile. sounds so fun, sign
               | me up. i want my family to be poor for 250 years until we
               | finally have 2 million that we need to start that farm my
               | great great great grandfather wanted to.
               | 
               | some people on this website literally live on a different
               | planet or don't actually have any understanding
               | of...anything and just say things because it sounds smart
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | making a loan is an investment with real skin in the game
        
         | mason55 wrote:
         | > _Daily reminder that bank runs wouldn 't be a thing if we did
         | duration matching, forbidding banks from borrowing short and
         | lending long._
         | 
         | Yes but this is a valuable service for the economy and so
         | society has decided that it's worth the cost of insuring the
         | risk of a bank run in exchange for the economic benefit of
         | banks doing this.
        
         | JustLurking2022 wrote:
         | That's insanely unrealistic in the near zero interest rate era
         | of the past decade and merely a really terrible idea with more
         | normal rates.
         | 
         | Banks have some set of relatively fixed cost, in terms of
         | systems and staff. In a low rate environment, there's virtually
         | no margin to be made on short term lending. Stretching the
         | duration for higher yield is the only way to get margin to
         | cover expenses.
         | 
         | Even in a high rate environment, most of a bank's reserves tend
         | to be short term - savings accounts, 1 year CDs, etc. The
         | things people want to borrow for (e.g. houses, cars) tend to
         | have a longer time horizon to pay off. So if you want banks to
         | actually make those kinds of loans, duration matching doesn't
         | work.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | This is kind of like saying we can eliminate most automobile
         | fatalities by imposing strict limits of 5mph on every vehicle.
         | 
         | Yes, it would solve one type of problem. But nobody wants your
         | solution because it's an unreasonable trade off for everyone to
         | solve an extremely rare edge case.
         | 
         | > Daily reminder that bank runs wouldn't be a thing if we did
         | duration matching, forbidding banks from borrowing short and
         | lending long.
         | 
         | In other words, no liquid deposits allowed. Banks charge
         | customers to hold their liquid cash because they can't do
         | anything reasonable with it.
         | 
         | So yes, you could make one type of extremely rare problem go
         | away by removing a desirable feature used by hundreds of
         | millions every day. I don't think people would actually choose
         | this, though.
         | 
         | > As always, the underlying problem in banking is that the
         | banks are lying, telling two or more people they own the same
         | dollar at the same point in time
         | 
         | Either you don't understand how banking works, or you're trying
         | to project a crude misunderstanding onto the general public.
         | 
         | The concepts of assets and liabilities are well understood in
         | the business world. Banks aren't "lying" and fractional reserve
         | banking does not mean that banks are creating fake dollars.
         | Liabilities have always been part of the equation.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | > telling two or more people they own the same dollar at the
         | same point in time.
         | 
         | I don't remember a bank ever telling me this. I was taught how
         | banks work way back in grade school. Surely everyone knows that
         | banks don't literally hold the money you deposit in a vault
         | somewhere.
         | 
         | I honestly don't see where banks are lying about this.
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | My understanding is that the problem was that the dollars they
         | owned were in US treasuries, as required by law, and the value
         | of those assets tanked.
        
         | frellus wrote:
         | > telling two or more people they own the same dollar
         | 
         | This is the main issue, and it's called a "reserve
         | requirement", which is a percentage of the deposits that the
         | bank must keep on hand to mitigate risk of issues like this.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_requirement#United_Sta...
         | 
         | In March 2020 the US Federal Reserve lowered it from 8% to 0%,
         | which is where it is today. Just to give you an idea of how the
         | economy works then, let's say you put $100 into your account at
         | Bank A. Company X takes a loan from the bank for $100. Where do
         | they put their money from the loan? Well, they spend most of it
         | but part of it ends up in, let's say, Bank B. Bank B then takes
         | that money and loans it out 100% to Company Y, who spends some
         | of it and also puts some reserve into their bank account in
         | Bank A. Which lends it out 100%.
         | 
         | So this is an over-simplified example but just to give a visual
         | that this is where inflation is coming from. The "government"
         | isn't printing money -- the banks are. It's a deck of cards
         | with no safety net.
         | 
         | Watch the movie "The Big Short" and tell me how this isn't the
         | same situation.
         | 
         | source: I am also a lot of fun at parties
        
           | 88913527 wrote:
           | It's surprising that QT is occurring, yet there was no change
           | in reserve requirements. It seems like a policy tool that
           | would be part of the monetary tightening toolbelt.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | I mean if they locked deposits for a time period - why wouldn't
         | you just got buy a bond? The service is the liquidity.
         | 
         | You are trying to solve a relatively non-existent problem.
        
         | jsemrau wrote:
         | We used to call that concept matched-funding where I used to
         | work and it was quite an important part of Asset/Liability
         | management within the Risk Management function.
        
         | ianferrel wrote:
         | Does that provide a better outcome for society than something
         | like FDIC deposit insurance and the occasional run?
         | 
         | Seems like for the vast majority of people it does not. Most
         | banks make enough money to pay their FDIC premiums and some
         | interest on demand accounts and profit for their shareholders,
         | and the few that don't are covered by insurance. That seems way
         | better than having to pay a monthly fee to keep my money safe
         | and liquid.
         | 
         | >there wouldn't need to be a reserve ratio at all.
         | 
         | Wouldn't there? The bank could still end up with bad loans in
         | excess of their models and require some capital to take the
         | loss before depositors. Or are you suggesting that banks are
         | simply a market maker between depositors and those with loans?
         | That seems even less optimal, societally.
        
           | recursivedoubts wrote:
           | Yes, it does.
           | 
           | Lying is wrong[1]. Therefore, it is bad to base your banking
           | system on it. It's the typical thing where the costs to the
           | system accrete over time and then cause a crisis: the elites
           | are bailed out, the taxpayers eat it.
           | 
           | There wouldn't need to be a reserve ratio. A dollar could, in
           | theory, be lent out an infinite number of times, so long as
           | that dollar were lent (and saved) at increasingly shorter
           | durations. At any given point of time, a single person "owns"
           | that dollar. Of course, the market would signal what dollars
           | were available when. And, also, loan losses would need to be
           | covered out of other profits by banks (who would need to
           | charge service fees for, well, the services they provide,
           | rather than hiding behind long/short duration arbitrage)
           | 
           | (I'm also in favor of a citizens dividend for controlling
           | money growth, and a modern debt jubilee per Steve Keen. So,
           | yes, you can safely ignore anything I say as implausible,
           | almost certainly wrong, and unlikely to ever be realistically
           | considered by the powers that be. This has one advantage,
           | however: I will never be proven wrong :)
           | 
           | [1] - see all moral traditions across all cultures, or ask
           | mom
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | > Lying is wrong[1]. Therefore, it is bad to base your
             | banking system on it.
             | 
             | Where is the lie, though?
        
             | avianlyric wrote:
             | > Lying is wrong
             | 
             | What explicitly is the lie?
        
               | recursivedoubts wrote:
               | See my sibling comment.
        
             | ianferrel wrote:
             | >And, also, loan losses would need to be covered out of
             | other profits by banks
             | 
             | But, like, what if they aren't? Who holds the bag when
             | losses exceed profits? That is of course exactly the case
             | where deposit insurance comes in handy. So I'm pretty sure
             | you still need it.
             | 
             | Your model protects specifically against losses due to time
             | mismatch between deposits and loans, but there are other
             | ways that loans can go bad!
        
             | ffggffggj wrote:
             | If you think fractional reserve banking is "lying" how are
             | you okay with fiat money at all? If you were consistent
             | you'd be a true goldbug.
        
               | ticviking wrote:
               | It is a fact that the IRS requires me to pay taxes in
               | federal reserve notes.
               | 
               | That makes them real enough.
        
               | recursivedoubts wrote:
               | Nope. I was a gold bug once, but I don't think it's a
               | good way to manage the total money supply: it can't grow
               | as fast as the economy (labor productivity) does. I view
               | money is a public social tool, and so it should be owned
               | by all of us. Hence I am in favor of a citizens dividend
               | for growing the money supply.
               | 
               | I do think you should be able to trade fiat into gold and
               | vice versa tax free, so gold can be used for savings,
               | which it is very good at.
               | 
               | In fairness, nobody agrees with me on this stuff,
               | including myself at times!
        
             | chollida1 wrote:
             | Who is lying in this case?
             | 
             | Banks are one, if not the most, regulated companies in the
             | US.
             | 
             | What are banks lying about and who are they lying to?
             | 
             | I'd assume the government would come down on them pretty
             | hard if it turns out that all banks are lying to their
             | customers as federal and state regulations on banks are
             | pretty heavy handed to make sure that the vast majority of
             | banks are healthy at any given time.
        
               | recursivedoubts wrote:
               | The bank is telling two or more people they own (or, at
               | least, have access to) the same dollar at the same point
               | in time.
               | 
               | With duration matching you can have loans, but it is
               | clear that depositor A can't get dollar X back until time
               | point T, and that borrower B can have the dollar until
               | then.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | > The bank is telling two or more people they own (or, at
               | least, have access to) the same dollar at the same point
               | in time
               | 
               | But they don't do that. Or, I've literally never seen
               | them do that.
               | 
               | What the bank tells me is what my current deposit is.
               | That's the truth. They aren't representing that the
               | amount they're listing is a specific dollar somewhere,
               | they're telling me how much money I've given to them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | If you loan out deposits you are already set for a bank run.
         | All it takes is the depositors to ask for their money back.
         | 
         | One deposit. One loan. One withdrawal request.
        
           | recursivedoubts wrote:
           | Not if the deposit and loan are duration matched.
           | 
           | "I want my money back."
           | 
           | "Sure, you can have it in two years."
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | "I want to make a deposit and earn interest"
             | 
             | "Sorry we have to wait for someone else to want a loan"
             | 
             | If you're trying to solve one extremely rare problem (bank
             | runs) by completely dismantling a much demanded and
             | commonly used banking feature (interest bearing accounts
             | with liquidity) then sure, this would do it.
             | 
             | But nobody actually wants that.
        
             | twblalock wrote:
             | Who would deposit their money in a bank that wouldn't let
             | them get it back for years?
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | CDs?
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | CDs are definitely not the same as checking and savings
               | accounts though. Most people don't even have any CDs, and
               | the people who do have them _also_ have accounts where
               | they can withdraw money immediately.
               | 
               | I've never seen a bank that only offers CDs. That's
               | probably because such a bank wouldn't survive.
        
               | recursivedoubts wrote:
               | You are touching on the difference between demand
               | deposits and duration deposits.
               | 
               | If you were charged a small nominal fee for your demand
               | deposits, you would likely say "OK, I'll keep a certain
               | amount in my demand deposit account, and then put the
               | stuff I don't need into longer duration deposits, so I
               | can get some interest."
               | 
               | This would be the right thing, and that money could be
               | safely loaned out at durations shorter than you
               | deposited. You would then be signalling to the market
               | exactly what the demand is for money over time, and it
               | could respond appropriately.
               | 
               | To an extent you do this today: you don't keep all your
               | money in demand deposits, you instead put a lot in the
               | market or whatever. Back in the day, you might have even
               | bought a CD, which is almost exactly what I'm describing,
               | sans the requirement that banks not loan funds they can't
               | guarantee are available for the duration of the loan.
               | 
               | So it's not as crazy as it sounds. It's still crazy, but
               | not as crazy as it sounds.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | People do it all the time already, but it is a minor part
               | of banking sector.
        
               | acchow wrote:
               | Minor part of consumer banking.
               | 
               | For the financial sector at large, treasuries and bonds
               | make up the vast majority of the market
        
               | acchow wrote:
               | This is how bond issues work.
        
               | ticviking wrote:
               | I own a few CDs. They're not an unusual financial
               | product.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | Yeah but I assume you also have money in an account that
               | lets you withdraw it in less than two years?
               | 
               | A bank that only offers CDs or other long-duration
               | deposits would be pretty weird.
        
               | greenyoda wrote:
               | But the longest maturity for CDs is around 5-10 years,
               | while banks loan out money for 15-30 years for mortgages.
               | 
               | And most banks probably have much more money deposited in
               | checking and savings accounts than in CDs.
        
         | thesimon wrote:
         | > If they locked deposits for a period of time they could
         | safely (and morally) loan that money out without lying
         | 
         | Are fixed deposits not common in the US?
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | There is a product called a Certificate of Deposit[1], but I
           | don't hear much about them. They seem like quite a bit of
           | hassle for not much more interest.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_of_deposit
        
           | sethhochberg wrote:
           | Not very common. Most consumer checking and savings accounts
           | are demand deposit accounts here.
           | 
           | The default path for slightly higher interest on a fixed term
           | in the US tends to be certificates of deposit. They're
           | similar but functionally more like a bond you purchase than
           | an account you can deposit into regularly.
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | > If they locked deposits for a period of time they could
         | safely (and morally) loan that money out without lying, and, in
         | fact, there wouldn't need to be a reserve ratio at all.
         | 
         | Until the borrower doesn't (or can't) pay back the loan...
         | 
         | "Safe" and "moral" seem like inherently relevant words here and
         | I'm unconvinced that you're proposal would be overall
         | beneficial compared to the increased circulation we enable
         | today.
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | While that would obviously solve the (relatively minor, all
         | things considered) problem of bank runs, the demand for long
         | term loans is not nearly as large as the supply of long term
         | money. Maturity transformation provides real value to the
         | economy by consolidating short term deposits into things like
         | mortgages and long term business loans.
         | 
         | Imagine if you could only get 3-year mortgages, after which the
         | entire cost of the house had to be repaid. That would make home
         | ownership unattainable for the vast majority of the population.
         | Alternatively, if you could not access your savings for 10-30
         | years after depositing I bet a lot of people would not bother
         | at all.
        
           | KirillPanov wrote:
           | > the demand for long term loans is not nearly as large as
           | the supply of long term money.
           | 
           | It is when the loans are priced correctly.
           | 
           | This is a clear and obvious sign that the price of long term
           | loans is wrong.
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | Perhaps in a pure market sense, but that's not the world we
             | live in. The government (doesn't really matter where you
             | live) has a vested interest in the status quo and wants
             | people to make long term investments. That is good for both
             | societal stability and for longer term economic growth.
             | Therefore, such a government will support financial
             | institutions in providing long term loans even if that
             | sometimes leads to bank runs. Things like FDIC and related
             | systems in other countries make sure the risk gets smoothed
             | out over all participants in the economy.
             | 
             | My point is that when you take the view from the wider
             | society, the price of long term loans should be (nearly)
             | independent from the chance of bank runs. Those are only a
             | problem for the shareholders of the bank itself, but not to
             | the society it resides in.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | > Imagine if you could only get 3-year mortgages, after which
           | the entire cost of the house had to be repaid. That would
           | make home ownership unattainable for the vast majority of the
           | population. Alternatively, if you could not access your
           | savings for 10-30 years after depositing I bet a lot of
           | people would not bother at all.
           | 
           | Adding on...
           | 
           | Balloon mortgages exist, although they're usually not very
           | convenient though, because transaction costs are real and the
           | risk of being unable to find acceptable finance terms when
           | the balloon payment is due is also real.
           | 
           | Similarly, lots of people participate in retirement accounts
           | with substantial fees for early access. I guess you could do
           | mortgage lending from retirement funds, but the interest
           | rates aren't compelling (they might be if that was the only
           | source of long term lending though).
        
       | ericpauley wrote:
       | I'm really curious why banks like this are popular in the first
       | place. I get why startups would want to lend _from_ them, but
       | what is the advantage of parking cash in a  "startup-focused"
       | bank? The rest of the business is exciting/risky enough, wouldn't
       | you want your banking to be as boring as possible?
        
         | ttobbaybbob wrote:
         | they provide services/incentivies specifically catered to
         | startups and their needs (eg free checking, aws credits,
         | payment processing APIs/etc)
         | 
         | and not unlike aws/stripe/etc they want to be the bank for
         | small companies that grow into huge companies. startups are a
         | good segment to target (eg like vc) because they might also
         | turn into a large company with much more cash and more banking
         | needs
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Gives you access to the upside of the start up at a lower risk
         | cost compared to VC. I assume you are talking about people who
         | are supplying the capital for the bank.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | People care about convenience of locations, ATMs, online
         | experience, customer service, savings rate, (lack of) fees,
         | rewards. The bank's underlying risk profile is irrelevant for
         | the vast majority of customers. If you have <$250K in your
         | account the money is safe either way.
        
         | helsontaveras18 wrote:
         | Banks don't understand startups. Startups have no history and
         | just appear out of thin air with millions of dollars in their
         | bank account. And then they proceed to burn tens if not
         | hundreds of thousands of dollars month on month until they die,
         | or get flooded with more millions.
         | 
         | That's some weird stuff!!
         | 
         | A bank that understands this, knows it's not fraudulent, and
         | makes it easy to withdraw, deposit, get credit cards, give
         | loans/venture debt, has a competitive advantage in this niche
         | but highly lucrative sector--given they can operate with the
         | right risk controls.
        
           | jeron wrote:
           | SVB has been a great bank for startups, they're no rookie at
           | this stuff considering they've been around for 4 decades.
           | However it seems like their investor communications and PR
           | has been lacking
        
         | necubi wrote:
         | Well, just as an example SVB gave my company a bank account and
         | a no personal recourse credit card days after we'd formed the
         | coporation. They understand the startup ecosystem in a way that
         | big banks don't. Now there's some competition from startup-
         | focused banks like Brex and Mercury, but a five years ago SVB
         | was the only game in town.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | newaccount2021 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | mmastrac wrote:
       | SVB was historically such a weird bank - it was the most "famous"
       | tech bank, perhaps solely because of its name - but yet it was so
       | utterly behind in the technology it used for _years_.
        
         | bink wrote:
         | Behind other banks or behind tech companies? Every bank I've
         | ever used is about 10 years behind when it comes to tech.
        
         | TMWNN wrote:
         | >SVB was historically such a weird bank - it was the most
         | "famous" tech bank
         | 
         | What would you name as its peers? I've heard First Republic.
         | What about Bank of the West?
         | 
         | >perhaps solely because of its name
         | 
         | It _is_ a killer name, after all. I bet the First Republics of
         | the world wish that when they were started however many decades
         | ago, their founders had the foresight to name them  "High-Tech
         | Bank" or "Sand Hill Bank" or somesuch.
        
       | CKMo wrote:
       | Is this related to fractional reserve banking?
        
         | shishy wrote:
         | https://twitter.com/ragingventures/status/161582608803847373...
        
       | dgrin91 wrote:
       | First silvergate, now SVB. Is this going to be a wave across the
       | banks?
        
         | krasin wrote:
         | Today, Credit Suisse delayed its 2022 report after the last
         | minute call from SEC: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/09/credit-
         | suisse-to-delay-its-2...
         | 
         | I don't know what to make of it.
        
           | yelling_cat wrote:
           | Credit Suisse is facing liquidity issues and tarnished
           | credibility after a rash of scandals and screwups, see
           | https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/spies-lies-
           | chairman... for a summary. From your link it looks like their
           | finance reporting in recent years is now under question as
           | well. It doesn't look related to what happened at SVB or
           | Silvergate.
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | It could be routine (no more news from banks that are in
           | trouble please), but the SEC does have access to the numbers
           | in the filing since it goes into EDGAR about a month before
           | the announcement.
        
           | thedangler wrote:
           | It's probably no related to swaps that expired..... Better
           | pick themselves up by their bootstraps and quit the avocado
           | toast.
        
         | HDThoreaun wrote:
         | Anyone holding long term bonds they bought before the fed
         | raised rates is in liquidity trouble. The question is if those
         | institutions will have a run or not.
        
       | carom wrote:
       | Specific issues with SVB, not systemic. [1]
       | 
       | 1. https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/09/silicon-valley-bank-
       | firms-...
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | Okay so every bank faces the same vulnerability, which is that
         | their bond portfolio has suffered major losses
         | 
         | The market was made aware of how deep the losses are, as this
         | is not usually reported in investor disclosures and the bonds
         | are usually held to maturity thereby not being subject to
         | losses in their notional value
         | 
         | ANY bank with volatility in customer deposits is vulnerable to
         | these losses as they have to sell the bond at its current value
         | at a big loss to cover the customer withdrawal
        
         | adam_arthur wrote:
         | It was specific at Silvergate too. Unfortunately there are far
         | too many optimists out there managing money who chose not to
         | play it safe. Thus, despite being idiosyncratic, it can still
         | be a systemic problem
         | 
         | Why these companies didn't issue shares at the
         | outrageous/nosebleed valuations they were at a year ago? Truly
         | a mystery
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | johnbellone wrote:
         | All due respect, nah, nope.
         | 
         | Today I learned that many startups park their money at one
         | bank. I hope that isn't true. If it is I'd be moving my funds
         | regardless right now.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | That's the second not systemic failure that makes the HN
         | frontpage today.
        
       | kyleblarson wrote:
       | And with the amount of venture debt that SVB issues if more
       | startups start blowing up this could just be the tip of the
       | iceberg.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | All they need to do is pause for 5 days and get past the
       | whirlwind of activity right now and let saner heads prevail.
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | "All bank stocks are crashing right now"
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/Superstonk/comments/11n1xtw/all_ban...
        
       | grumple wrote:
       | This is like the prisoner's dilemma in real life. Best case
       | situation is for no-one to withdraw.
       | 
       | Reporting suggests SVB has a lot of reserves, but them trying to
       | raise money suggests otherwise. Weird.
        
       | nickrubin wrote:
       | Getting "Application is not available" now at
       | https://connect.svb.com/
        
         | yabones wrote:
         | I guess that's what bank runs look like in the 21st century...
         | Just 503 errors instead of lineups and riots.
        
       | dgwight wrote:
       | I just tried to login to svb.connect.com and it is giving me a
       | popup to scan an QR code from the app. The app now gives me a
       | popup requiring two factor auth (which it hadn't ever before)
       | with a phone number that I don't have access to. I luckily don't
       | have much money in this account. As a bootstrapped founder, what
       | would I need to do to get my money if SVB goes under?
        
         | Danieru wrote:
         | NPR did a story fourteen years ago covering a real life
         | example: https://www.npr.org/2009/03/26/102384657/anatomy-of-a-
         | bank-t...
         | 
         | This being a bit different, the most likely scenario will be
         | SVB getting bought on the cheap by a bigger bank. The merger
         | will be pushed by the regulator.
         | 
         | Since SVB's root problem is lack of diversification in client
         | basis, a larger bank beings the perfect solution. In such a
         | scenario SVB will continue as a brand, and their website would
         | start working again.
        
       | rvz wrote:
       | Perhaps it is the beginning of the end of the VC jenga pyramid
       | scheme.
        
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