[HN Gopher] U.S. solar and storage manufacturing jobs expected t...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       U.S. solar and storage manufacturing jobs expected to grow to
       115,000 by 2030
        
       Author : hasseo
       Score  : 74 points
       Date   : 2023-03-09 20:41 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ieefa.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ieefa.org)
        
       | richardw wrote:
       | After the GFC I thought the smart move was to generate a massive
       | renewable industry, Manhattan project style. Growth, new jobs,
       | energy independence, a new direction and possibly dominance in
       | renewables. There are probably reasons why it was too early but I
       | still think we'd all be in a better world if that was the choice.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | I don't think "manhattan projects" are a good idea anymore.
         | 
         | Maybe during a war, when the best people could be drafted and
         | put together for a common goal.
         | 
         | But now, it seems to be "the government picks a winner", which
         | historically they have been bad at.
         | 
         | Examples I remember are paying ISPs to wire schools, and the
         | early funding for solar companies. The government just
         | dissipated billions of dollars with little to show for it.
         | 
         | I think the real answer might be to eliminate externalities via
         | taxation and let market forces solve the problem. (admittedly a
         | hard problem when pollution is global). But from what I recall,
         | cap-and-trade worked to solve the acid rain problem pretty
         | well.
        
         | throwayyy479087 wrote:
         | We did but not with renewable energy. You're describing:
         | 
         | 1: The fracking boom 2: The bike explosion and zoning reform in
         | American cities
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | mrtweetyhack wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | cdnsteve wrote:
       | Solar is not an economical or environment friendly mechanism to
       | produce energy. This is a house of cards.
        
         | admax88qqq wrote:
         | Really? Most of the numbers I've seen suggest solar is the
         | cheapest energy production there is, so it certainly seems
         | economical.
        
         | S201 wrote:
         | [citation needed]
        
         | gknapp wrote:
         | What makes you say that? There's so much research that flies in
         | the face of this sentiment. Solar on rooftops alone has the
         | potential to supply a fourth of the current US energy
         | consumption [1]. Other studies estimate that solar could grow
         | to supply between 30-50% of our energy consumption in the
         | future [2]. Solar represents a near limitless supply of energy,
         | and can be harvested in a decentralized fashion (allowing homes
         | to directly power themselves).
         | 
         | Furthermore, EVs have shown that advancements in tech can
         | mitigate concerns around material availability and
         | sustainability (while also increasing efficiency).
         | 
         | [1]: Rooftop Photovoltaic Technical Potential in the United
         | States, https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1575064
         | 
         | [2]: The underestimated potential of solar energy to mitigate
         | climate change, https://www.nature.com/articles/nenergy2017140
        
         | fuddle wrote:
         | "Solar is now the cheapest energy in history" -
         | https://www.zmescience.com/science/solar-is-now-the-cheapest...
        
         | jlmorton wrote:
         | I'd invite you to review the US DOE Levelized Costs of New
         | Generation [1], which includes both subsidized, and
         | unsubsidized costs.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/pdf/electricity_generation....
        
       | natch wrote:
       | One would think new manufacturing jobs in the US would be
       | increasingly robotic over that timeframe.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _would think new manufacturing jobs in the US would be
         | increasingly robotic over that timeframe_
         | 
         | We're a long way from robots that can look at my roof, climb
         | it, install solar panels and hook them up to my power supply.
        
           | natch wrote:
           | You call that manufacturing?
        
         | philipkglass wrote:
         | They probably will be. Solar manufacturing productivity per
         | full time employee has grown rapidly in the last 7 years and I
         | expect the same in the next 7 years. That said, total solar
         | equipment output is growing _even faster_ so I think that
         | projections of robust job growth are correct.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | And many expected the demise of office jobs in the 90s as
         | computers took over. What actually happened is that companies
         | leveraged the respective strengths of both automation and labor
         | to increase growth.
        
         | quadrifoliate wrote:
         | Someone needs to bring in, control, service, and oil the
         | robots, and take them off the assembly line when they
         | malfunction.
         | 
         | Thinking of new jobs as _anywhere_ close to 100% robotic is a
         | misunderstanding.
        
       | mbgerring wrote:
       | Climate Tech companies have lots of jobs, are not laying people
       | off, have financial tailwinds behind them thanks to the Inflation
       | Reduction Act, and, crucially, don't derive their revenue from
       | the adtech/digital media/ecommerce/developer tooling industry
       | that's getting shredded right now.
       | 
       | Top comment on this post right now is a dumb, dismissive joke.
       | Personally, I don't think an addressable market size in the
       | trillions of dollars is a joke, but you do you.
        
         | shaburn wrote:
         | There is little chance these governments can finance this
         | adoption rate while funding wars against parts of the world
         | that will continue to flood the market with cheap fossil fuels
         | as a result. Long term, technology will move away from fossil
         | fuel but not with brute force fiat on weak tech and bad
         | politics.
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | Regulation isn't a good moat. Solar panels are a commodity-
         | it's a race to the bottom. Solar looks like (and has been) the
         | storybook case of a positive trend that makes for a poor
         | investment.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | You could say the same thing about almost any mature
           | technology though. Meanwhile there are incredible amounts of
           | money being made in solar. A friend has a solar installation
           | business, he's been hiring more people year after year and is
           | doing very well for himself and his co-founders.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | Regulation is a great moat.
           | 
           | I think that many of the most visible parts of the solar
           | value chain (the panels and the installers) are very
           | competitive industries that are going to be poor investments.
           | However, there's always _some_ segment of the value chain
           | that is condensed into a few technologically-advanced and
           | capital-intensive companies. I think we 'll see this with
           | solar as well, and there will be trillion-dollar companies
           | that come out of it.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | > poor investment
           | 
           | https://www.google.com/finance/quote/ENPH:NASDAQ?sa=X&window.
           | ..
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | So climate tech is great and very important (have been in the
         | industry for a long time) - it isn't a huge money maker.
         | Margins are thin - companies are lean and historically you are
         | competing against future cheaper prices (e.g. Solar). It's
         | called the Solar coaster for a reason. Energy Storage assets
         | have a 10 year life and are essentially arbitraging energy
         | demand or providing grid services for the IESO.
         | 
         | Hopefully the IRA can translate into a lot of productive asset
         | growth in North America - at the very least we can translate
         | the GDP / CO2e to be more efficient. It isn't clear that it
         | will be a huge success but it is important goal to pursue.
         | 
         | That said there are many humorless climate zealots out there
         | that are problematic that get in the way of progress.
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | > it isn't a huge money maker. Margins are thin
           | 
           | You mean, like most of the real economy? In which people
           | produce stuff and provide the services everybody needs? ...
        
         | kneebonian wrote:
         | > have financial tailwinds behind them thanks the Inflation
         | Reduction Act
         | 
         | I'm just saying if your financing and backing has come to pass
         | because of government fiat, it can just as easily be removed by
         | government fiat.
        
           | mbgerring wrote:
           | My company's revenue mostly comes from people paying for
           | services, the IRA is mainly good for helping some of these
           | new technologies reach economies of scale.
           | 
           | Good luck out there!
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | > Top comment on this post right now is a dumb, dismissive
         | joke.
         | 
         | Is it fair to call it the top comment if it's the _only_
         | comment? And downvoted, nonetheless.
         | 
         | And while it was a joke, I actually think it makes a valid
         | point. As an individual, I'm incredibly wary whenever I see
         | these "Field X is going to explode with jobs!" announcements,
         | because they analyses are usually quite simplistic.
         | 
         | I mean, we were saying the same things about solar jobs 10
         | years ago, and there was a ton of excitement. That was then
         | followed by tons of companies going bankrupt and jobs
         | disappearing because they couldn't compete with "the China
         | price". With globalization slowing down and decoupling I'm not
         | saying that fate will repeat itself, but I still think some
         | healthy skepticism is warranted.
        
           | crote wrote:
           | A big benefit of the energy transition is that a lot of the
           | jobs are _by definition_ very local. You can 't really
           | outsource solar panel installation to China.
           | 
           | Everyone keeps going on about lithium and cobalt shortages,
           | but in The Netherlands the biggest shortage is in laborers -
           | and I bet it's the same story in other places.
        
           | mbgerring wrote:
           | The solar industry _did_ explode with jobs ten years ago, and
           | has kept growing since.
           | 
           | The thing that didn't work out were some high profile panel
           | manufacturing plays, but the solar industry as a whole has
           | grown and employs more people than the oil and gas industry.
           | 
           | In fact, the "China price" is responsible for a lot of that
           | growth, because it's made the economics of solar irresistible
           | in many places.
           | 
           | More info on jobs and industry size:
           | https://www.seia.org/solar-industry-research-data
        
             | 908B64B197 wrote:
             | I can only hope with investments for fabs here in the US we
             | can bring back production of solar panels.
             | 
             | Would be great to stop importing cheap, inefficient panels
             | from abroad and instead have out tax dollar subsidize a
             | higher quality domestic product.
        
               | crote wrote:
               | Don't count on it. The fabs currently being invested in
               | are designed for high-tech chips, they are completely
               | unsuitable for solar panels. Solar panel factories are a
               | completely different beast, and labor cost is probably
               | the biggest factor when it comes to choosing a factory
               | location.
               | 
               | Cheap and inefficient panels are usually exactly what you
               | want. You are rarely space or weight limited, so it is
               | all about getting the highest power capacity for your
               | money. Why spend twice as much for 10% more capacity when
               | you can get 100% more capacity for the same money by
               | simply placing more panels?
        
             | beebmam wrote:
             | The "China price" is more than just the cheap cost of the
             | product.
             | 
             | It is also the carbon cost of the coal that is used to
             | produce solar panels, and the human forced labor: https://w
             | ww.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2021/05/19...
             | 
             | Cheating on both carbon emissions and slave labor practices
             | is a giant way that China was able to bring down costs
             | compared to competitors in the US and EU.
        
         | hijinks wrote:
         | friend of mine owns a small roofing company that has almost
         | 100% pivoted to solar installs and only does a new roof if the
         | old roof needs to be replaced before panels can be put on.
         | 
         | He has jobs booked out 8 months now. Its funny because he tells
         | me his parents were so upset he started a roofing company and
         | didn't go to college and now he makes more per year then most
         | software engineers even at large tech companies.
         | 
         | He also said he's having issues hiring dependable people even
         | though he says he's offering a really good salary+benefits.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | > He also said he's having issues hiring dependable people
           | even though he says he's offering a really good
           | salary+benefits.
           | 
           | It is evidently not good enough. Can you share how much he is
           | offering for back breaking outdoor labor that has a high
           | likelihood of causing musculoskeletal healthcare problems by
           | one's 50s, and cannot screw around on HN during the day?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | It was 'dependable', not 'in general'. That makes a big
             | difference. Subcontractors or people working out of sight
             | on installation work are difficult hires because you need
             | to inspect the work after it has been done and that can be
             | very tricky once it's all sewn up. It also requires people
             | to be there on time and to not cause damage. Hiring for
             | such roles is very difficult, typically you try a large
             | number of people and you end up finding some fraction of
             | that (not a very large fraction) that works out over the
             | longer time.
             | 
             | As for the effects of physical labor on the body: that is
             | true for many industries and occupations. It certainly
             | doesn't give solar a pass but this is not a problem that is
             | exclusive to solar installations (though the risk of injury
             | is high this is in part because the people that try to do
             | the work aim to get it done as quickly as possible and
             | safety be damned). Have a look at the building trades for
             | small time contractors, the situation is quite comparable
             | (especially the roofing part). But don't underestimate the
             | wear and tear of any one of a large number of other 'blue
             | collar' jobs on the body.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | > That makes a big difference.
               | 
               | I do not see the difference. He wants a worker of certain
               | quality, and apparently is not offering or able to offer
               | sufficient pay to attract said worker from other options
               | they have.
               | 
               | As for the second paragraph, I never meant to imply
               | roofing or solar was special. As the proportion of
               | younger age population declines, prices for work with
               | lower quality of life will need to rise to compete with
               | work that offers a higher quality of life.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Pay does not guarantee quality. You may simply not be
               | able to find the people (or at least enough of them) that
               | you need, no matter what you are willing to pay. Not
               | everything is a 'free market' problem.
               | 
               | In solar installations the first filter is 'is
               | comfortable working at heights', the second is 'can
               | deliver quality work', the third is 'is able to represent
               | the company well', the fourth is 'will take good care not
               | to damage the clients property' and there are probably
               | others. Within a given region there may simply not be
               | enough people left over in the intersection of all those
               | sets that you are able to supply the companies with
               | sufficient people. There are quite a few industries with
               | similar shortages. Usually over time these even out as
               | industries mature but during a growth spurt (which is
               | exactly what has been happening for the last decade or
               | so) the market may not be able to solve the shortfall by
               | offering more cash, for that to work enough people
               | actually need to exist in that bracket.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | "Comfortable working at heights" feels like the only part
               | that's somewhat unique, but quality work, friendly and
               | won't trash the place applies to lots of people in lots
               | of industries and trades, and surely you could attract
               | some of them if you paid more.
               | 
               | When someone claims they can't get anyone to work for
               | them "no matter what they are willing to pay", it often
               | turns out they weren't willing to pay all that much.
               | Which solar installation company offers FAANG level total
               | compensation?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | >Pay does not guarantee quality. You may simply not be
               | able to find the people (or at least enough of them) that
               | you need, no matter what you are willing to pay. Not
               | everything is a 'free market' problem.
               | 
               | It is obvious there are no guarantees in life. But over
               | the long term, quality correlates with price of the goods
               | are limited in quantity.
               | 
               | It is obvious over the past many decades that the pay to
               | quality of life at work ratio for manual labor has lagged
               | far behind "office". Therefore, to attract the best or
               | even above median young people to manual labor jobs, they
               | will need to offer a commensurate price to overcome that
               | reputation.
        
             | crispinb wrote:
             | * * *
        
           | nonethewiser wrote:
           | Where?
        
         | ecshafer wrote:
         | What percentage of Hacker News users are Software Developers?
         | Climate Tech sounds great for a variety of engineers, but
         | software jobs are going to be quite limited. Plus when you
         | compare these more non-fungible industries where software gets
         | paid really well, I imagine many of these climate tech jobs
         | will be quite a hair cut for many devs.
        
           | mbgerring wrote:
           | No, software jobs in climate are not limited. Take a look at
           | the job board at https://climatebase.org. There's a lot of
           | work to do, and a lot of it is software.
        
           | pvarangot wrote:
           | There's going to be a lot of jobs for developers when they
           | start embedding ads into the solar panels and need to
           | optimize distribution and engagement.
        
             | einpoklum wrote:
             | Don't forget about when they embed micro-cameras and other
             | sensors to track the clients activities and phone home to
             | report about it :-)
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | kokanee wrote:
           | I am a software engineer who spent last summer interviewing
           | at climate tech companies. I found that there are two
           | categories of software jobs in climate tech: A) jobs building
           | tools to support R&D or operations at climate hardware
           | companies, and B) jobs building software that purports to add
           | value to various aspects of the carbon offset economy. I
           | personally am not interested in the latter, as the entire
           | carbon credit system is more effective at corporate
           | greenwashing while enabling the status quo than it is at
           | reducing emissions. As a web developer, it was very hard to
           | find opportunities in climate hardtech, especially ones that
           | could come close to FAANG compensation. I did find what I was
           | looking for, but can confirm that there aren't many
           | opportunities like this.
        
       | shaburn wrote:
       | So an industry trade group funded by the renewable energy
       | industry, dependent on government spending by government parties
       | that "represent labor", say they are going to create a shit ton
       | of jobs(of undescribed income and duration) at some point in the
       | future...if they get more subsidy. Got it.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-03-09 23:00 UTC)