[HN Gopher] A new class of drugs for weight loss could end obesity
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       A new class of drugs for weight loss could end obesity
        
       Author : bumbledraven
       Score  : 14 points
       Date   : 2023-03-05 20:26 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.economist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.economist.com)
        
       | bumbledraven wrote:
       | https://archive.fo/4eE2y
        
       | pedalpete wrote:
       | It seems like we never learn.
       | 
       | There are definitely a group of people who truly need this drug
       | (diabetics), but the obesity epidemic is the result of poor diet
       | and a lack of exercise.
       | 
       | So rather than solving for the problem at the source, we're
       | suggesting a "quick fix" which has some known side-effects, and
       | potentially many more unknown. Historically we look at the drugs
       | that have promised weight loss in the past, and they have all
       | been pulled from the market, or shown to have negative
       | consequences.
       | 
       | Taking the drug likely still doesn't solve the other side of the
       | obesity epidemic, which is exercise. So are we going to pop a
       | pill that exercises for us as well?
       | 
       | What will life look like for future generations when they can eat
       | like gluttons, laze around with robot servants bringing us our
       | every wish, and AI that can think for us?
       | 
       | That's not a future I want to live in. I already see parts of it
       | with the UberEats/DoorDash, etc - where people think they are
       | just too busy to go and do something themselves, then I find out
       | they are watching 3 hours of television and tiktok per day.
       | 
       | I'm tempted to downvote myself for this rant, but I do find this
       | a very worrying state.
        
         | exfatloss wrote:
         | Obesity is unsolved. If you know what dietary intervention will
         | cause significant long-term fat reduction in a majority of
         | people, please demonstrate and you'll win the Nobel peace
         | price.
         | 
         | We just don't know. Trust me, this is kind of my thing.
         | 
         | That said I am also naturally skeptical of quick fixes. The
         | known side effects of these drugs seem meh, but I worry about
         | hidden ones. E.g. I've heard these described as "chemical
         | starvation" - doesn't exactly sound healthy long term to starve
         | your body?
         | 
         | I strongly disagree exercise has anything to do with the
         | obesity epidemic. Exercise is great but not related to obesity.
         | 
         | edit:
         | 
         | let's debate this guy and not just downvote, plz?
        
         | renewedrebecca wrote:
         | Obesity is one of those areas where if you don't suffer from
         | it, solving it seems easy... "just" eat better. "just"
         | exercise.
         | 
         | Problem is, once the body's mechanisms get out of whack, it
         | just doesn't work that way. When you try to lose weight via
         | calorie restriction, especially if insulin resistance has set
         | in, hunger is going to catch up to you. Study after study has
         | shown this.
         | 
         | Drugs like ozempic, metformin, even wellbutrin... They act on
         | those mechanisms, and that's why they result in weight loss. If
         | you think people are taking those medications and then binging,
         | that's honestly not what's going on. Once those feedback
         | mechanisms are under control, you're simply not controlled by
         | hunger anymore. That naturally leads to weight loss.
        
           | exfatloss wrote:
           | 100% agreed.
           | 
           | Diet advice from naturally thin people is like dunking advice
           | from Shaq. "Just walk up and put it in" won't cut it for
           | those of us who have a screwed up metabolism.
        
       | bberrry wrote:
       | I'd be lying if I said I wasn't excited by the discovery of
       | semaglutide. I'm not particularly heavy (BMI of 26.5) but I would
       | happily pay for it if it was available over the counter.
       | 
       | I wonder how long that will take, if ever.
        
         | exfatloss wrote:
         | Don't know about OTC but patents last 20 years. So the generics
         | will be out then. And you could get it prescribed by your
         | doctor w/o a big deal like blood pressure meds or something
         | now. I got a CGM prescribed just cause I wanted one. No biggie.
        
       | thatguy0900 wrote:
       | Honestly not sure how I feel about people being able to be
       | absolute gluttons then just take a pill and have no consequences.
       | I can't imagine a move to healthier eating or lifestyle
       | afterwards.
        
         | Enginerrrd wrote:
         | That's not how the pills work. They act by reducing hunger and
         | creating satiety at lower caloric inputs. They also often have
         | nausea and vomiting as side-effects.
        
         | anonuser123456 wrote:
         | You misunderstand the mechanism of action.
         | 
         | You cannot be a glutton on this class of drugs. They make you
         | not want to eat, and that's how weight loss is achieved.
         | 
         | Think back to a time when you had a gastroenteritis. There is a
         | period after vomiting where you are fine pain wise, but have a
         | mental opposition to eating. That's the sensory feedback these
         | drugs give to your HPA axis.
        
           | halfjoking wrote:
           | Sounds horrible. Why don't people just learn how to fast?
           | 
           | Prebiotic fiber while fasting feeds gut bacteria so you won't
           | feel overwhelming hunger. Electrolytes/mineral-salt stop
           | "fasting headaches." With prebiotics and drinking tea my
           | stomach doesn't even growl while fasting, and I'm more
           | productive. Most people just need to try and they'll find
           | it's easier than they thought.
        
             | exfatloss wrote:
             | I've fasted a ton including every sort of IF and up to 7
             | days water/10 days fat fast. Didn't do anything for fat
             | loss. Read here if you care:
             | https://exfatloss.substack.com/p/19-fat-loss-experiments-
             | ive...
        
           | exfatloss wrote:
           | Haha hopefully without the disgust ;) edit: oh wait, is this
           | why they sometimes cause vomiting? Like you literally feel
           | sick?
        
         | exfatloss wrote:
         | Will be interesting to see how that dynamic acts out. I'm also
         | kind of dumbfounded. E.g. will we just make food even
         | unhealthier and just counter it with more of these drugs? Where
         | eventually we're just chugging soybean oil laced with high
         | fructose corn syrup? :D
         | 
         | I mean could the drug counteract that or is there a limit?
         | 
         | Guess we'll find out.
        
       | _aavaa_ wrote:
       | The real money quote is: "A bigger drawback, however, is that
       | those who start taking the new drugs are likely to depend on them
       | for life. Stop, and the weight piles back on, just as with most
       | conventional diets."
        
         | thomascgalvin wrote:
         | This _is_ a drawback, but I 'm not sure how terrible it is.
         | 
         | If you go off the drug, you regain your weight. If you go off
         | your diet, you also regain the weight. That, then, is a wash.
         | 
         | These drugs currently cost a fortune, so lifelong dependence is
         | an expensive scenario, especially since most insurances refuse
         | to cover them. On the other hand, this is preventative
         | medicine, which might significantly reduce costs from obesity-
         | related health issues down the road, including heart disease,
         | cancer, and arthritis.
         | 
         | Compliance with a weekly injection is also likely to be higher
         | than compliance with a long-term dietary change. Of course,
         | since something like 95-plus percent of diets fail long-term,
         | almost anything would have a higher compliance.
         | 
         | I don't know that we have enough data on long-term use of these
         | drugs to be confident about long-term side effects, either.
         | 
         | I don't love the idea of being dependent on a medicine for the
         | rest of my life, but there are plenty of other lifelong
         | medicines that we just sort of accept as normal now. Insulin-
         | dependent diabetics and people with high blood pressure are
         | just two examples.
         | 
         | I guess for now I'm putting these in my "cautiously optimistic"
         | bucket.
        
           | exfatloss wrote:
           | 100% agreed. I currently wouldn't take it just because it
           | seems to have pretty drastic effects, and we don't seem to
           | quite understand on what or how.
           | 
           | The reported side-effects like 5% have nausea or whatever,
           | don't seem too bad. Prices will inevitably come down if these
           | go mainstream.
           | 
           | Would I snap my finger like Thanos and obliterate obesity in
           | natural ways if I had the 7 rings or whatever?
           | 
           | Yea, but I don't. This is a decent alternative, it seems. If
           | there are no serious long-term side-effects.
        
         | dsfyu404ed wrote:
         | "Like dieting but easy, just pop a pill" still seems like a
         | huge net positive for society.
        
           | exfatloss wrote:
           | Not even pop a pill - take an injection weekly, at home. Zero
           | stigma, nobody will even know you're on it.
        
             | thomascgalvin wrote:
             | If these drugs prove workable over the long term, pretty
             | soon everyone will suspect you're on it, because the
             | majority of people will be. There would be no more of a
             | stigma about this than taking a medication for blood
             | pressure.
        
               | exfatloss wrote:
               | 100%.
               | 
               | I've heard the theory that once we discover the cure for
               | obesity, it'll be over in 2 years and nobody will miss
               | it. What, like 40% of Americans are currently dieting at
               | any given time? And that's with a ~0% success rate.
        
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       (page generated 2023-03-05 23:02 UTC)