[HN Gopher] Science magazine touts the existence of strong and u...
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       Science magazine touts the existence of strong and ubiquitous
       "implicit bias"
        
       Author : peanutcrisis
       Score  : 40 points
       Date   : 2023-03-05 17:53 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (whyevolutionistrue.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (whyevolutionistrue.com)
        
       | space_fountain wrote:
       | I'm really not impressed by hacker new's scholarship on this.
       | Here's a paragraph from one of the papers cited here. Basically
       | one of the key arguments in this paper is that basis might be
       | justified. Ignoring for a second that biase in real humans is
       | much strong than differences between races, it also is beside the
       | point. Race isn't something people can control. If people at
       | large are classifying people based on it that will legitimately
       | act to keep the situation locked in place. If I think everyone
       | with red hair is a criminal and act like it people with red hair
       | will have pretty bad lives and a lot more of them will end up
       | turning to crime
       | 
       | > Cultural knowledge and accuracy as sources of implicit
       | associations.This analysis has akinship to that of one of the
       | earliest critiques of the IAT (Arkes & Tetlock, 2004). They
       | argued that,rather than reflecting prejudice, the race IAT might
       | reflect knowledge of cultural stereotypes. Our argument, however,
       | goes further. The associations tapped by the IAT may reflect not
       | just cultural stereotypes, but implicit cognitive registration of
       | regularities and realities of the social environment.Consistent
       | with this analysis, IAT response times were faster when stimuli
       | corresponded to ecologically valid base rates (Bluemke & Fiedler,
       | 2009). Even evaluations of groups may come from knowledge of
       | those groups' social conditions (Payne et al., 2017). For
       | example, groups disproportionately living in unpleasant
       | conditions (such as poverty, crime, rundown housing) may be
       | associated with "unpleasant" more than other groups
        
         | space_fountain wrote:
         | This article also says something about IAT test being strongly
         | correlated with other things, so their individual contribution
         | to racist outcomes is small as evidence against IAT tests which
         | the original article turned around and tried to say means
         | implicit basis isn't real or that IAT tests are bad, but it
         | literally doesn't, just that you could measure implicit bias in
         | other ways
        
       | seneca wrote:
       | Modern day Lysenkoism. Compromising science for ideology, any
       | ideology, is one of the more destructive things a society can do
       | to itself. Not only does it halt progress, it destroys the
       | credibility of the scientific community.
        
       | akomtu wrote:
       | Is it like dark matter in cosmology? Except that here,
       | "scientists" observe a social galaxy and note that it's round.
       | According to their beliefs, the galaxy must be rectangular, so
       | they had to postulate an invisible ubiquitous force that makes
       | the galaxy round. They called this dark force many names:
       | inequity, implicit bias, structural racism.
        
         | slowmovintarget wrote:
         | I understand the analogy you're trying to make, but that
         | particular one doesn't track. Dark matter is required by
         | quantum mechanics. Sean Carroll had a great explanation of this
         | in his Biggest Ideas in the Universe video series. The models
         | of particle creation in the early universe require there to be
         | _something_ with the characteristics of a class of particles
         | holding the label  "dark matter."
         | 
         | "Structural racism," "inequity," and "implicit bias" all mean
         | very different things.
         | 
         | Structural racism is where a society is deliberately
         | constructed to be racist, as under Apartheid in South Africa.
         | (It is otherwise nonsensically applied to current Western
         | governments that employ capitalism as an economic system.)
         | 
         | Inequity is the state of receiving disparate treatment. It can
         | be caused by structural racism, by personal racism, or by
         | empirical discrimination (person A is denied a mortgage because
         | their income indicates they likely cannot afford to pay the
         | loan back, whereas person B is granted the mortgage because
         | their income indicates they likely can).
         | 
         | Implicit bias is an actual psychological phenomenon where
         | quirks in the way humans think affect their judgement. The
         | classical example is to take two parallel line segments of
         | equal length where the ends are lined up. On one segment draw
         | arrowheads pointing outward, on the other, arrowheads pointing
         | inward. When asked, humans will visually judge the line segment
         | with arrowheads pointing inward as being longer than the one
         | with arrowheads pointing outward [1]. Convincing yourself the
         | line segments are of equal length requires measurement. That
         | this occurs is true. That it is the great bugaboo of our times
         | and the cause of inequity has a far more tenuous connection to
         | reality.
         | 
         | That these phrases are used as proxies for "bad" is the real
         | problem. We can agree that structural racism is evil. Inequity
         | occurs for the full spectrum of reasons, some immoral, some
         | moral, some merely neutral and reasonable. Implicit bias simply
         | _is_. The hard part is separating out acculturated bias (like
         | racism) from implicit bias. One evaporates in the face
         | differing environments. For example, children that grow up in
         | integrated schools and integrated neighborhoods are far less
         | likely to suffer from racist attitudes. The other is a
         | cognitive feature that must be countered with measurement
         | (empiricism) or rules (equally applied).
         | 
         | Those attempting to use the terms as umbrella labels diminish
         | our ability to talk about and address issues arising from them.
         | It isn't a single dark force, and there isn't a giant
         | conspiracy out to perpetuate all perceived societal ills.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://cdn.psychologytoday.com/sites/default/files/styles/i...
        
       | fabian2k wrote:
       | The mentioned article appeared in the "News" section of Science,
       | not the "Research" section. There are very different standards
       | for those, this is not a peer-reviewed paper. The snarky remark
       | in the first sentence is a bit misplaced here as this is actually
       | the section of Science that is more like a magazine than a
       | scientific journal.
        
         | amluto wrote:
         | Is there a link to the article in question?
        
           | fabian2k wrote:
           | The image is a link, I missed that at first as well.
           | 
           | https://www.science.org/content/article/do-no-unconscious-
           | ha...
        
       | Connor_Creegan wrote:
       | A few questions that are never really addressed in these
       | discussions about "bias", "discrimination", "race", etc.:
       | 
       | What _is_ discrimination at a fundamental level? The term
       | originally means to perceive something as validly distinct - e.g.
       | to discriminate between truthhood and falsity, between up and
       | down, between black and white. The term is most often now used
       | with the implicit qualification of  "unjust", "unwarranted",
       | "unreal" or "quasi". So-called "racial discrimination" is a
       | charge made when there appears to be some kind of injustice in
       | the evaluation. So does this mean the mark of racial/ethnic/(even
       | religious)/whatever stock is to be totally unrecognized as a
       | heuristic in all judgments? Or just some? If just some, which
       | ones? Why? Where is the line drawn? How many cycles of flawed
       | attempts at psychological programming (the unintended
       | consequences of which are perhaps not even entirely observed or
       | taken into consideration) do we need to go through before
       | ditching this endeavour? As it pertains to law enforcement, is it
       | easier to simply admit that our current system can't be reformed
       | through psy-ops, and that maybe we need to revert to a more
       | subsidiarian/local principle of security in general?
        
         | slowmovintarget wrote:
         | Thomas Sowell breaks down discrimination into far more useful
         | categories.
         | 
         | > At a minimum, we need to know what we ourselves mean when we
         | use a word like "discrimination," especially since it has
         | conflicting meanings. The broader meaning--an ability to
         | discern differences in the qualities of people and things, and
         | choosing accordingly--can be called Discrimination I. The
         | narrower, but more commonly used, meaning--treating people
         | negatively, based on arbitrary aversions or animosities to
         | individuals of a particular race or sex, for example--can be
         | called Discrimination II, the kind of discrimination that has
         | led to anti-discrimination laws and policies.
         | 
         | He goes on to break Discrimination I down into two
         | subcategories, A and B.
         | 
         | Type Ia: "The ideal, and more costly, variation is seeking and
         | paying the cost for information that would permit judging each
         | individual as an individual, regardless of the group from which
         | that individual comes."
         | 
         | Type Ib: "In other cases, where such information is too costly
         | to be worth it, individuals may be judged by empirical evidence
         | on the group they are part of."
         | 
         | An example of type Ib is judging a person's ability to pay back
         | a mortgage loan based on their income.
        
           | Connor_Creegan wrote:
           | These are good distinctions. But I think maybe the central
           | question or line of questioning I was driving at was this:
           | what is it that makes some given discriminatory judgment
           | borne of animosity or pure arbitration without reason? How
           | could we even consistently determine something like that?
           | Even about ourselves? If it must be borne of explicable
           | reasons, to whom must we justify ourselves with these
           | reasons?
           | 
           | Personally, instead of dealing with this litany of issues I'd
           | rather do what I normally do and just lol at people who
           | charge me with _waaaacism_ for whatever bizarre reason they
           | happen to concoct today.
        
           | lumb63 wrote:
           | What work is this from? I've been meaning to read some of
           | Sowell's, and this sounds fascinating.
        
             | pjscott wrote:
             | That's from the book "Discrimination and Disparities".
        
               | slowmovintarget wrote:
               | Yes, and it's an excellent read.
        
       | whiddershins wrote:
       | Was under the impression implicit bias stuff had largely been
       | debunked.
       | 
       | It's hard to keep up.
        
         | pjscott wrote:
         | Yes, the whole field has pretty much fallen to the replication
         | crisis. The thing this article is complaining about is that
         | "Science" magazine apparently has a section in which it
         | uncritically repeats politically-fashionable junk science.
        
         | lazyeye wrote:
         | Unfortunately we are now in a situation where there will a
         | trailing legacy for the next 30 years of people who went
         | through the university system and have been indoctrinated to
         | believe there is only the one correct opinion on any given
         | topic.
        
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       (page generated 2023-03-05 23:02 UTC)