[HN Gopher] Show HN: Llama-dl - high-speed download of LLaMA, Fa...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Show HN: Llama-dl - high-speed download of LLaMA, Facebook's 65B
       GPT model
        
       Author : sillysaurusx
       Score  : 252 points
       Date   : 2023-03-05 04:28 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | v64 wrote:
       | If anyone is interested in running this at home, please follow
       | the llama-int8 project [1]. LLM.int8() is a recent development
       | allowing LLMs to run in half the memory without loss of
       | performance [2]. Note that at the end of [2]'s abstract, the
       | authors state "This result makes such models much more
       | accessible, for example making it possible to use OPT-175B/BLOOM
       | on a single server with consumer GPUs. We open-source our
       | software." I'm very thankful we have researchers like this
       | further democratizing access to this data and prying it out of
       | the hands of the gatekeepers who wish to monetize it.
       | 
       | [1] https://github.com/tloen/llama-int8
       | 
       | [2] https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.07339
        
         | downvotetruth wrote:
         | Eagerly awaiting the int8 vs 4 benchmarks. Also, it can run on
         | CPU https://github.com/markasoftware/llama-cpu So, an int8
         | patch could allow the 65B to run on a standard 128 GB setup
         | assuming the 65B model's cache bursts fit, which if I were to
         | speculate is why the released models stop @ 65B & meta likely
         | already has larger unreleased internal ones.
        
           | v64 wrote:
           | early int4 experiments seem to indicate it's possible but you
           | do lose performance, see this thread https://www.reddit.com/r
           | /MachineLearning/comments/11i4olx/d_...
           | 
           | edit: to clarify, it may be possible to get this loss back
           | and there is reason to be optimistic
        
             | CuriouslyC wrote:
             | Probably the best method is to just train it on int4 in the
             | first place. Fine tuning after quantization would
             | definitely help though.
        
               | sp332 wrote:
               | Isn't that backwards? You need fairly good resolution
               | during training or your gradients will be pointing all
               | over the place. Once you've found a good minimum point,
               | moving a little away from it with reduced precision is
               | probably OK.
        
               | rfoo wrote:
               | GP could be mentioning quantization aware training,
               | during which the weight and gradient are still computed
               | in fp16/fp32.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | I have no idea what the right answer is, but I think the
               | argument for int4 training is that the loss measurements
               | would take the lower resolution of the model as a whole
               | into account.
               | 
               | Is it better to have billions of high resolution
               | parameters and quantize them at the end, or to train low
               | resolution parameters where the training algorithms see
               | the lower resolution? It's beyond me, but I'd love to
               | know.
        
               | Scene_Cast2 wrote:
               | But by default, training algos don't see the lower
               | resolution, your gradient just doesn't work as well.
               | There is a body of research on how to make training aware
               | of / adapt to the lower precision.
        
               | nl wrote:
               | > Probably the best method is to just train it on int4 in
               | the first place
               | 
               | Unclear why you think that since experiments show the
               | opposite.
               | 
               | In general the gradient seems to get too "bumpy" to do
               | good gradient decent at lower levels of precision.
               | 
               | There are some papers showing that making the training
               | loop _aware_ of quantitization can help ultimate
               | quantizied performance but I 'm not aware of this being
               | implemented at large scale.
        
         | causality0 wrote:
         | I feel like we're less than a decade away from being able to
         | hook LLMs into gaming. How incredible would it be to have NPCs
         | driven by LLM?
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | Honestly I don't think it would be completely impossible now
           | in a limited fashion.
           | 
           | Imagine playing a level and doing some particular feats in
           | it. They get presented to GPT with a prompt and the story
           | gets send to a AI voice model in game where the NPC
           | asks/tells the player character about it.
        
           | visarga wrote:
           | We'll soon have LLMs in operating systems, LLMs in browsers
           | and you are right, probably also in games. LLMs will be the
           | platform on which we build almost everything.
        
             | jesusofnazarath wrote:
             | [dead]
        
           | bloaf wrote:
           | I'd be satisfied plugging a game log/history into a system
           | that generates the epic tale of your victory/defeat.
        
           | SloopJon wrote:
           | There was an Ask HN post about that idea a couple of months
           | ago:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34478503
           | 
           | I have long wished for less linear stories in video games,
           | where branching narrative (a la Choose Your Own Adventure) is
           | one possible way to give the player agency. The problem is,
           | true branches are expensive, because you end up writing a
           | bunch of content the player never experiences.
           | 
           | I see a lot of potential, but it's going to take a different
           | kind of craftsmanship, and likely many iterations, to realize
           | something more than a novelty.
        
             | causality0 wrote:
             | I much prefer handcrafted stories and quests. Characters
             | that respond dynamically to the story and the player's
             | actions, however, is quite tantalizing.
        
         | swyx wrote:
         | why is it that these models tend to be released as float16 and
         | converting to int8 is left to the reader? is there something
         | special about training that defaults you to float16?
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | Precision, aiming those names refer to standard binary
           | numeric types. IEEE754 16-bit floats carry 11 significant
           | digits with absolute precision so by coverting to 8-bit
           | integers you lose some of that. Depending on the distribution
           | of the values in those floats you could be loosing a lot more
           | detail then this would imply, which is the reason we use
           | floating point numbers for anything in the first place
           | (rather than using an int16 where you have greater precision
           | at you maximum scale but much less at lower scales).
           | 
           | So if the model is computed using float16s, distribute as-is
           | and let the end user choose to user it like that or
           | compromise for faster processing of there system can deal
           | with many billions of int8s more effectively.
        
           | sillysaurusx wrote:
           | They were trained in fp16, and researchers tend to release
           | whatever format they trained. It's hard enough to do a large
           | release that it's best not to try to have too many goals, for
           | the same reason most software projects try not to do too much
           | lest their schedule slip.
           | 
           | Still, I'm a little sad they didn't release the optimizer
           | weights. It would've given us so much valuable info about the
           | dataset, among other benefits.
        
           | charcircuit wrote:
           | Quantization and other optimizations are more for
           | productionizing models. You start with something accurate and
           | then you start making tradeoffs to get the inference time to
           | fit into your compute, memory, and time budgets.
        
         | nextaccountic wrote:
         | If the model weights are stored as int8, does this mean that
         | the floating point capacity of the GPU is wasted? Or the int8
         | is converted to float in the GPU?
        
           | woodson wrote:
           | Well, tensor cores support int8 instructions (at least from
           | Turing onwards), so the hardware is being used, if that's
           | your concern.
        
         | rnosov wrote:
         | Hmmm, the Github repo suggests that you might be able to run
         | the 65B model on a single A100 80gb card. At the moment, the
         | spot price on Google cloud for this card is $1.25/hour which
         | makes it not so crazy expensive...
        
           | nabla9 wrote:
           | $1.25/hour is roughly a year of GPU time until it exceeds the
           | price of A100 80GB card.
        
             | metadat wrote:
             | I think OP meant that $1.25/hr makes this accessible for
             | people try it out themselves cost effectively, without
             | having to spend thousands or tens of thousands up front to
             | obtain a capable hardware rig.
             | 
             | Obviously $1.25/hr 24/7 does add up quickly, after one
             | month the bill would come to $900.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | notpushkin wrote:
       | For even better speeds, perhaps use the link from this script (if
       | it ever goes back up) as a webseed for torrent?
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | If an AI model like this isn't able to evolve and improve is it
       | really useful? Example is code generation or questions that more
       | recent training data can teach the AI
        
       | sillysaurusx wrote:
       | Update: FB disabled the download link, so I mirrored everything
       | to R2 and updated the script to use it. It should be working now
       | (though the speed is "only" around 50MB/s).
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Have you dropped the artifacts in the Internet Archive yet by
         | chance?
        
           | sillysaurusx wrote:
           | I'm surprised Internet Archive is appropriate for a 220GB
           | model weight dump.
           | 
           | Please feel free; it seems like a good idea. I'm not sure I
           | have enough weekend left to figure out yet another upload
           | service today.
        
         | e12e wrote:
         | I've read the readme - but I'm not sure why this is any faster
         | than just adding seeds to the torrent? More people downloading
         | via torrent than http?
        
       | ahahahahah wrote:
       | Are we celebrating theft from tech companies now?
        
         | anaganisk wrote:
         | I mean highseas, adblockers, bypassing paywalls, each one of
         | them is theft. But on the flipside, companies are constantly
         | trying to keep the ownership of data we paid for full price,
         | scooping up personal data, selling low quality work behind
         | paywall.
        
         | antibasilisk wrote:
         | Copying isn't theft. If you bought the ssd it belongs to you in
         | its entirety regardless what state you decide to configure it
         | into.
        
       | bitL wrote:
       | How does LLaMA handle fast fine-tuning? Are they using
       | transformer adapters for it?
        
         | loufe wrote:
         | It's already been adapted for hugging face transformers[1].
         | Apparently that should unlock its full potential. Oobabooga
         | integrated the change into text-generation-webui[2] meaning we
         | can already access a large chunk of its potential (from what I
         | understand).
         | 
         | [1] https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/21955
         | 
         | [2] https://github.com/oobabooga/text-generation-
         | webui/commit/90...
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | That's absolutely fantastic! Thanks for the links!
        
       | vanillax wrote:
       | How or what can someone do with this who isn't a ML expert? Is
       | there some docker app that leverages this? To the average dev, is
       | this useful to me? I know there's lots of "plug and play" style
       | docker apps to get started with Stable Diffusion. I'm curious if
       | I can do something fun with this.
        
         | kkielhofner wrote:
         | You can shortcut a lot of the steps in these various guides by
         | using the Pytorch container from Nvidia[0].
         | 
         | It shouldn't be too hard for someone (me?) to create a
         | Dockerfile and Docker hub container FROM this image to get it
         | up and running easily.
         | 
         | [0] -
         | https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/orgs/nvidia/containers/pytorc...
        
         | swalsh wrote:
         | Not an expert, but i've downloaded the model, and used it. What
         | you get is pretty raw, and not super useful by itself. There
         | are some projects to try and do some RLHF on it, and with that
         | we might start to get something you can do some useful stuff
         | with.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | arjvik wrote:
       | How big is this model? (i.e. disk space to store it)
        
         | kuroguro wrote:
         | 65B is ~120GB. All of them combined with the smaller versions
         | is ~220GB.
        
           | nextaccountic wrote:
           | After converting to int8, does it become smaller? Also, can
           | this be further compressed? Like, is there some redundancy a
           | special-purpose compressor could exploit?
        
             | rfoo wrote:
             | Converting to int8 halves the size.
        
       | swyx wrote:
       | thanks for doing this, honestly your writeup seems more valuable
       | than the model weights lol
       | 
       | > But for what it's worth, my personal opinion is that LLaMA
       | probably isn't OpenAI-grade -- there's a big difference between
       | training a model in an academic setting vs when your entire
       | company depends on it for wide-scale commercial success. I wasn't
       | impressed that 30B didn't seem to know who Captain Picard was.
       | 
       | im new to benchmarking shenanigans but how is it that facebook
       | was able to proclaim that it matched GPT3 performance on
       | presumably standard LLM benchmarks? is there a good survey paper
       | or blogpost on how to think about known deficiencies in
       | benchmarks?
        
         | sillysaurusx wrote:
         | Because loss != quality. This was one of the most
         | counterintuitive discoveries in ML for me. People treat the two
         | as interchangeable, and to a certain extent -- a controlled
         | extent -- they are.
         | 
         | But if your dataset doesn't include a word about Captain
         | Picard, no amount of training will get it to know about the USS
         | enterprise. Yet your loss metrics will still reach that magical
         | 2.1 value with time. (2.1 is pretty much "excellent" quality;
         | below that means you're probably overfitting and need a bigger
         | dataset.)
         | 
         | Thanks for the comment friendo. I wasn't sure if this would get
         | any attention at all, but that made it worth it. Be sure to DM
         | me on Twitter if you'd like to chat about anything ML related:
         | basic questions are one of my favorite things to assist with
         | too, so feel free.
        
           | nl wrote:
           | This isn't really correct.
           | 
           | Loss is a training-time measurement based on performance on
           | the training objective.
           | 
           | The training objective is rarely the same as an end user task
           | that is being benchmark.
           | 
           | For example, classically language models are training on next
           | token prediction. The closest benchmark for that is
           | perplexity[1], often reported on the WikiText-103 dataset.
           | 
           | Until around 2019 this was often reported, but since then
           | most large language model papers have moved onto reporting
           | more useful benchmarks. Some examples of this are question
           | answering performance or maybe embedding performance.
           | 
           | Unfortunately there aren't great benchmarks (yet?) for
           | generative tasks. Quality is quite hard to measure here in a
           | systematic way (see, eg the issues with BLEU benchmarks in
           | summarization benchmarks).
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perplexity
        
         | rnosov wrote:
         | You can read the original LLaMA paper which is pretty
         | accessible[1]. For example, they claim to outperform GPT-3 on
         | HellaSwag benchmark ( finishing sentences ). You can find
         | examples of unfinished sentences in the HellaSwag paper [2] on
         | page 13. Unfortunately for LLaMA, most people would be probably
         | just asking questions about Captain Picard and so on, and on
         | this benchmark LLaMA significantly underperforms compared to
         | OpenAI models (thats's from their paper).
         | 
         | [1] https://research.facebook.com/file/1574548786327032/LLaMA--
         | O...
         | 
         | [2] https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.07830.pdf
        
           | yunyu wrote:
           | Hellaswag is also a deeply flawed benchmark, I wouldn't read
           | too much into it: https://www.surgehq.ai/blog/hellaswag-or-
           | hellabad-36-of-this...
        
         | nl wrote:
         | Because there are many benchmarks that measure different
         | things.
         | 
         | You need to look at the benchmark that reflects your specific
         | interest.
         | 
         | So in this case ("I wasn't impressed that 30B didn't seem to
         | know who Captain Picard was") the closest relevant benchmark
         | they performed is MMLU (Massive Multitask Language
         | Understanding"[1].
         | 
         | In the LLAMA paper they publish a figure of 63.4% for the
         | 5-shot average setting without fine tuning on the 65B model,
         | and 68.9% after fine tuning. This is significantly better that
         | the original GPT-3 (43.9% under the same conditions) but as
         | they note:
         | 
         | > "[it is] still far from the state-of-the-art, that is 77.4
         | for GPT code-davinci-002 on MMLU (numbers taken from Iyer et
         | al. (2022))"
         | 
         | InstructGPT[2] (which OpenAI points at as most relevant ChatGPT
         | publication) doesn't report MMLU performance.
         | 
         | [1] https://github.com/hendrycks/test
         | 
         | [2] https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.02155
        
           | JonathanFly wrote:
           | The capability of a language model I care about most is
           | probably its ability to represent or simulate Captain Picard.
           | In the sense of being good at creative tasks but also Captain
           | Picard, specifically. Is OpenAI deliberately doing something
           | different on purpose that makes their models better for this,
           | or is just that OpenAI has a lot more copyrighted data in
           | their dataset, as I noticed just now when skimming the
           | Facebook paper for MMLU section and seems be what the
           | Facebook folks think?
           | 
           | "A potential explanation is that we have used a limited
           | amount of books and academic papers in our pre-training data,
           | i.e., ArXiv, Gutenberg and Books3, that sums up to only
           | 177GB, while these models were trained on up to 2TB of books.
           | This large quantity of books used by Gopher, Chinchilla and
           | PaLM may also explain why Gopher outperforms GPT-3 on this
           | benchmark, while it is comparable on other benchmarks."
        
             | nl wrote:
             | It's unclear exactly why it doesn't work as well for you.
             | 
             | I have two comments that may be useful:
             | 
             | 1) It's very unclear how good the generative capabilities
             | of LLAMA are generally. It benchmarks well for code
             | generation, but for English there aren't really any good
             | benchmarks around. There's good chance the larger model
             | performs much better since generative capabilities seem to
             | be a partially emergent capability.
             | 
             | 2) If you just want to "make it work" I'd suggest
             | downloading all the Star Trek scripts you can that include
             | Captain Picard and fine tuning LLAMA using them. It's
             | unclear how well this will work, but that is probably about
             | as good as you can get.
             | 
             | If you care about this probably deeply, it's probably worth
             | trying the same with some of the other open GPT-3 models
             | (GPTJ, GPT-NEOX etc)
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | Is this the full model or just the weights?
       | 
       | [EDIT]: are there checksums available?
       | 
       | [EDIT2]: MD5 signatures seem to be included for all models in
       | checklist.chk files next to them
       | 
       | And there's also what the author mentions: the magnet file he
       | provides in his README does seed immediately on the download when
       | loaded in a bt app which is usually a good sign that the files
       | are correct.
        
         | rany_ wrote:
         | MD5 signatures don't mean much now that hash collisions could
         | be created instantly on consumer hardware. MD5 is only good for
         | checking for unintentional data corruption.
        
           | charcircuit wrote:
           | >hash collisions could be created instantly on consumer
           | hardware
           | 
           | Collisions can be created, but MD5 is still preimage
           | resistant. As long as someone with the actual model made the
           | hash and Meta didn't generate colliding models themselves.
           | You can trust it.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | Bittorrent uses SHA-1
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent
           | 
           | Collisions are possible but not exactly trivial
        
       | yumraj wrote:
       | What's the minimum single GPU that'll work for the smallest
       | model?
        
         | downvotetruth wrote:
         | 3060 12GB
        
         | zargon wrote:
         | This reddit post says that the 7B model consumes about 9.7GB of
         | VRAM (using int8). I'm sure very soon people will add support
         | for using system RAM as swap space, which will allow you to use
         | it on an 8GB card, though with a fairly hefty performance
         | penalty.
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/11h3p2x/d_...
        
       | linearalgebra45 wrote:
       | It's been enough time since this leaked, so my question is why
       | aren't there blog posts already of people blowing their $300 of
       | starter credit with ${cloud_provider} on a few hours'
       | experimentation running inference on this 65B model?
       | 
       | Edit: I read the linked README.
       | 
       | > I was impatient and curious to try to run 65B on an 8xA100
       | cluster
       | 
       | Well?
        
         | ulnarkressty wrote:
         | https://medium.com/@enryu9000/mini-post-first-look-at-llama-...
         | 
         | *later edit - not the 65G model, but the smaller ones.
         | Performance seems mixed at first glance, not really competitive
         | with ChatGPT fwiw.
        
           | linearalgebra45 wrote:
           | > not the 65G model, but the smaller ones
           | 
           | Haha, that's right! I saw that one too
        
           | minxomat wrote:
           | > not really competitive with ChatGPT
           | 
           | That's impossible to judge. LLama is a foundational model. It
           | has received neither instructional fine tuning (davinci-3)
           | nor RLHF (ChatGPT). It cannot be compared to these finetuned
           | models without, well, finetuning.
        
         | v64 wrote:
         | The compute necessary to run 65B naively was only available on
         | AWS (and perhaps Azure, I don't work with them) and the
         | required instance types have been unavailable to the public
         | recently (it seems everyone had the same idea to hop on this
         | and try to run it). In my other post here [1], the memory
         | requirements have been lowered through other work, and it
         | should now be possible to run the 65B on a provider like
         | CoreWeave.
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35028738
        
           | MacsHeadroom wrote:
           | I'm running LLaMA-65B on a single A100 80GB with 8bit
           | quantization. $1.5/hr on vast.ai
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | Careful though -- we need to evaluate llama on its own
             | merits. It's easy to mess up the quantization in subtle
             | ways, then conclude that the outputs aren't great. So if
             | you're seeing poor results vs gpt-3, hold off judgement
             | till people have had time to really make sure the quantized
             | models are >97% the effectiveness of the original weights.
             | 
             | That said, this is awesome -- please share some outputs!
             | What's it like?
        
               | MacsHeadroom wrote:
               | The output is at least as good as davinci.
               | 
               | I think some early results are using bad repetition
               | penalty and/or temperature settings. I had to set both
               | fairly high to get the best results. (Some people are
               | also incorrectly comparing it to chatGPT/ChatGPT API
               | which is not a good comparison. But that's a different
               | problem.)
               | 
               | I've had it translate, write poems, tell jokes, banter,
               | write executable code. It does it all-- and all on a
               | single card.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | That's great to hear. Thank you very much, both for
               | reporting this, and especially for the crucial note about
               | temperature.
               | 
               | In fact, sampling settings are so important and so easily
               | underestimated that I should just pester you to post your
               | exact settings. If you get a moment, would you mind
               | sharing your temperature, repetition penalty, top-k, and
               | anything else? I'll be experimenting with those today,
               | but having some known working defaults would be
               | wonderful. (You're also the first person I've seen that
               | got excellent outputs from llama; whatever you did, no
               | one else seems to have noticed yet.)
               | 
               | If you're busy or don't feel like it, no worries though.
               | I'm just grateful you gave us some hope that llama might
               | be really good. There were so many tweet chains showing
               | universally awful outputs that I wasn't sure.
               | 
               | EDIT: I added your comments to the top of the README and
               | credited you. Thanks again.
        
               | linearalgebra45 wrote:
               | Would you mind publishing your notes/learnings once you
               | gain enough understanding of this model?
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | Absolutely! I'll make sure to leave a comment here for
               | you whenever something gets written up so you don't miss
               | it.
               | 
               | Getting "as good as davinci" on a single A100 is
               | groundbreaking work. Facebook and the community should
               | both be credited here -- maybe llama-int8 would've been
               | created even if the model hadn't leaked, but I don't
               | think it would've happened so quickly. Everyone is doing
               | phenomenal work, and it's so amazing to see it all come
               | together.
               | 
               | But, we'll see. Going to try it myself soon.
               | 
               | Long ago, I cloned OpenAI's API:
               | https://github.com/shawwn/openai-server -- my plan is,
               | once I get it running, I'll try to host it somewhere so
               | that anyone can play with it. I assume it'll be quickly
               | swamped, but it's still an interesting challenge; some
               | basic load balancing should make it scalable across
               | several A100 instances, so there's no reason we can't
               | just roll our own OpenAI API.
        
               | rnosov wrote:
               | Seconded. Do write it up.
               | 
               | I see vast.ai listing interruptible instance with a
               | single A100 80GB at $1/hour which is pretty reasonable.
               | ChatGPT plus is $20/month which would be roughly 20 hours
               | of use and I wont't be lectured like I'm in a
               | kindergarten or something.
               | 
               | A bonus point would be to make the writeup accessible for
               | AI challenged developers. Asking for a friend.
        
               | davrosthedalek wrote:
               | I would like to support this request for AI challenged
               | developers :)
               | 
               | For things like these, I always wonder: How much slower
               | would it be to run such a model on a CPU? I mean, clearly
               | a lot less interactive, but is it possible at all? Could
               | it be chopped up and "streamed" to a GPU with less memory
               | halfway efficiently? What is the bottleneck currently on
               | GPUs, memory bw or compute?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | nl wrote:
               | On a CPU I'd estimate it would get a maximum of around 5
               | tokens per second (a token being a sub-word token, so
               | generally a couple of letters). I suspect it'd be more
               | like 1 token per second on the large model without
               | additional optimisation.
               | 
               | Yes models can be split up. See eg Hugging Face
               | Accelerate.
        
               | akreal wrote:
               | Which prompt did you use for translation? I'd be curious
               | to try it for my task too.
        
               | v64 wrote:
               | Note that unlike ChatGPT, these models are pure text
               | completers and have not been trained to be prompted. The
               | llama FAQ [1] mentions this and gives tips for how to get
               | out of the ChatGPT mindset and prompt llama better.
               | 
               | [1] https://github.com/facebookresearch/llama/blob/main/F
               | AQ.md#2
        
             | youssefabdelm wrote:
             | What's the speed like? How many tokens per second? / Is it
             | as fast as say ChatGPT?
        
             | linearalgebra45 wrote:
             | What instance are you using?
        
           | linearalgebra45 wrote:
           | Are you sure about that? I can't remember where I saw the
           | table of memory requirements, but I'm sure some of the larger
           | instances here [1] will surely be able to cope (assuming
           | they're available!)
           | 
           | Oracle gives you a $300 free trial, which equates to running
           | BM.GPU4.8 for over 10 hours - enough for a focused day of
           | prompting
           | 
           | [1] https://www.oracle.com/cloud/compute/gpu/
        
             | fswd wrote:
             | If you actually try and do this, the sales people will stop
             | you due to some internal rule. No GPUs on free credit.
             | Unless the situation has changed of course..
        
             | v64 wrote:
             | > Are you sure about that?
             | 
             | I'm not. The only way to know it is to try :) thank you for
             | the link!
        
               | linearalgebra45 wrote:
               | You only get a single month-long window to spend the
               | credit! And I'm sure not going to spend any of my own
               | money on prompting experiments.
               | 
               | I might be suffering from FOMO to some degree, I've just
               | got to tell myself that this won't have been the only
               | time model weights get leaked!
        
               | mynameisvlad wrote:
               | > And I'm sure not going to spend any of my own money on
               | prompting experiments.
               | 
               | This certainly sounds a lot like whining that others
               | aren't doing the work you yourself don't want to do.
        
               | linearalgebra45 wrote:
               | "prompting experiments" is just my use-case. According to
               | v64 a lot of people have had the same idea of spinning up
               | a trial instance to run inference, which is unsurprising.
               | 
               | I'm not in a position to put in any meaningful work
               | towards optimising this model for lower-end hardware, or
               | working on the tooling/documentation/user experience.
        
             | smoldesu wrote:
             | Thanks for sharing it! I'm using their "Always Free" tier
             | to host an Ampere-accelerated GPT-J chatbot right now.
             | Works like a charm, and best of all, it's free!
        
               | damascus wrote:
               | Do you have any code from your discord bot you're willing
               | to share? I'd be happy to share back any updates I made
               | to it. I've been wanting to play with this idea for a
               | bit.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jocaal wrote:
               | I don't understand, the Ampere they refer to in their
               | free tier are cpu's not gpu's. How did you manage to do
               | that
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | Custom PyTorch with on-chip acceleration: https://cloudma
               | rketplace.oracle.com/marketplace/en_US/listin...
               | 
               | Not as fast as a GPU, but less than 5 seconds for a 250
               | token response is good enough for a Discord bot.
        
               | nl wrote:
               | This is the most interesting thing I've read in this
               | thread. How have I never heard of this accelerator?!
        
       | version_five wrote:
       | Thanks for doing what Facebook should have been mature / humble
       | enough to have done on their own.
       | 
       | The best outcome of this would be for FB to stop the silliness
       | and just release the weights openly themselves.
        
       | cloudking wrote:
       | What's up with the domain in the script?
       | PRESIGNED_URL="https://agi.gpt4.org...
        
         | arjvik wrote:
         | It's pointed at Cloudflare storage right now
        
       | EMIRELADERO wrote:
       | I womder, could Facebook take legal action here? While some (most
       | of) the data used to train the model is copyrighted, I don't
       | think the model is. It's the result of a mathematical process
       | applied to a series of facts and works with no more creativity
       | put onto them.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | As far as my understanding of American copyright goes, a
         | computer produced work cannot be copyrighted as computers are
         | not human, in the same way a photograph taken by a chimp cannot
         | be copyrighted no matter who owned the camera that took the
         | photo. This is one of the major challenges with the legal
         | status of AI as well that will soon be fought over in court.
         | 
         | It's possible that the automated processing of the dataset is
         | considered to be non-creative enough that the generated AI
         | model cannot be copyrighted. The code to train the model and
         | the input dataset (and the works therein) definitely can be,
         | but not the model itself.
         | 
         | In that case, Facebook would be out of luck, as long as the
         | code to train the model isn't shared. If the courts find AI
         | models to be a different type of work that does produce
         | copyrightable models, Facebook may follow in the footsteps of
         | other copyright giants and start filing lawsuits against anyone
         | who they can catch. I very much doubt they'd go so far,
         | especially since by the time they can even start a lawsuit
         | confidently, the leaked model is probably already outdated and
         | irrelevant.
         | 
         | Personally, I expect the model to end up being uncopyrightable,
         | as would be the output of the model.
         | 
         | This may or may not have very interesting results. The dataset
         | itself is probably copyrightable (a human or set of humans
         | composed it, unless that was also done completely
         | automatically) but if that copyright is claimed, the individual
         | right holders of the included works may demand a licensing fee
         | similar to how sound bytes work in music; "you want to use my
         | work, pay me a fee".
         | 
         | Or maybe the dataset is considered to be diverse enough that
         | individual works cannot be expected to be compensated for their
         | inclusion and you can get around copyright law by amassing
         | enough content at once, who knows.
        
           | adossi wrote:
           | It is intellectual property, regardless of copyright.
        
             | brookst wrote:
             | "Intellectual property" is a catch-all for copyright,
             | trademark, patent, and trade secrets. There isn't really
             | law that protects IP as a general concept, just those four.
        
             | cma wrote:
             | It isn't protected as a trade secret if they mostly freely
             | shared it with .edu addresses. And once it has been leaked
             | out widely publicly it isn't either.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | digitallyfree wrote:
         | There is another angle here besides copyright and that is the
         | sharing of prop/trade secret data. This model is only available
         | to specific orgs who request it (i.e. it's non-public) and I
         | imagine that there are confidentiality terms for the orgs that
         | get the access.
         | 
         | Not too familiar with the drama but I believe what happened was
         | that someone with access leaked the torrent used to download
         | the weights. In a legal sense this would be similar to someone
         | say leaking a Google Drive link containing prop information
         | that was only intended to be shared with vendors.
        
           | charcircuit wrote:
           | You can read the license at this link.
           | 
           | https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfqNECQnMkycAp2jP4Z.
           | ..
           | 
           | There isn't any confidentiality terms.
        
         | kuroguro wrote:
         | That definition would apply to almost anything software
         | produces ^^;
         | 
         | We can already have different licenses for compiled binaries vs
         | the source. Also the output of ML seems to belong to whoever
         | pressed the generate button atm.
        
           | EMIRELADERO wrote:
           | > That definition would apply to almost anything software
           | produces
           | 
           | Not really. The reason software can be copyrighted at all is
           | because the actual code (and resulting object code) is
           | creative. Courts have named this threshold the "Structure,
           | sequence and organization" of the work. ML models don't
           | follow any creative SSO the way actual code does.
           | 
           | > Also the output of ML seems to belong to whoever pressed
           | the generate button atm.
           | 
           | The output, it seems to me, is uncopyrightable. Copyright
           | only cares about who provides the _creativity_ for the work
           | at issue, not who put in the effort to make it happen. You
           | may own the copyright to your prompt, but the result is
           | generated entirely by the AI and thus lacks human autorship.
        
             | AlDante2 wrote:
             | I think that copyright law works differently. Source code
             | is copyright; the expression as compiled code from that
             | source enjoys the same protections. If the model can be
             | copyrighted, the expression of the model in the form of its
             | weights is probably also protected.
        
               | EMIRELADERO wrote:
               | You're correct, but that doesn't disprove my point. I'm
               | saying the _model itself_ is uncopyrightable.
        
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