[HN Gopher] ARM64 Linux Workstation
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       ARM64 Linux Workstation
        
       Author : jasoneckert
       Score  : 242 points
       Date   : 2023-03-03 20:36 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jasoneckert.github.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jasoneckert.github.io)
        
       | leidenfrost wrote:
       | Imho the only relevant parts left are: Sleep (which is being
       | tackled right now), USB-C Extra displays (Also WIP) and Hardware
       | Decode for video.
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | and audio and screen brightness at least...those don't work on
         | my M2 setup.
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > and audio...
           | 
           | Overall tip for anyone using Linux and having issues with
           | audio... USB Audio is magical and works wonder. I never
           | bother with the computer's in-board sound: it's USB Audio
           | immediately through a DAC. Works fine. Apple sells $10 USB-C-
           | to-3.5mmjack DAC which are basically a tiny cable (for anyone
           | lamenting it's "too bulky" to have a full-on DAC next to
           | their laptop).
           | 
           | For desktops: problem doesn't even register. Just bypass the
           | audio components on your motherboard and use a proper DAC.
           | 
           | As an added bonus computers are particularly electrically
           | noisy and a DAC is a great way to do away with all that the
           | noise.
           | 
           | So my advice: just use a DAC with Linux. Plug it in. Marvel
           | at "dmesg" showing "USB Audio" and enjoy quality sound.
        
             | goosedragons wrote:
             | I've been doing this to get my computers connected to a KVM
             | to share speakers. Works pretty well, bought a Soundblaster
             | for nostalgia sake.
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | Be somewhat careful what USB audio device you buy. I've had
             | multiple of these and some of them have tons of EM noise,
             | which is very obnoxious.
        
               | TacticalCoder wrote:
               | > I've had multiple of these and some of them have tons
               | of EM noise, which is very obnoxious.
               | 
               | Ah darn yup! If there's one thing I'd expect from these
               | is to not be noisy! FWIW I'm using a CambridgeAudio DAC
               | and, well, CambridgeAudio is supposed to be a good brand
               | when it comes to audio stuff (amp is CambridgeAudio too).
        
               | jnsaff2 wrote:
               | I've been pretty happy with Dragonfly[0]. Tho they don't
               | come cheap.
               | 
               | I have had the black and am currently on the Red, I
               | noticed the difference so I think it's worth it. Have not
               | tried the cobalt.
               | 
               | [0] -
               | https://www.audioquest.com/dacs/dragonfly/dragonfly-
               | cobalt
        
           | Gigachad wrote:
           | Screen brightness works on the beta kernel. Speakers work but
           | are disabled by default because there is a risk it could blow
           | up the hardware
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | > Speakers work but are disabled by default because there
             | is a risk it could blow up the hardware
             | 
             | Wait, what? This sounds like a pretty egregious design flaw
             | on Apple's part.
        
               | Teongot wrote:
               | There's a good write up of it here https://social.treehou
               | se.systems/@marcan/109917995005981968
        
       | FlyingSnake wrote:
       | > Everything - and I mean everything - is unbelievably fast.
       | 
       | As a long time Linux user and someone forced to use MacOS, my
       | hands are itching to buy a 2nd M1/M2 mac and install Asahi linux
       | on it. I've never felt such excitement since the days of Compiz.
        
       | TacticalCoder wrote:
       | Are these ARM64 Mac using ECC?
       | 
       | P.S: the 3440x1440 screenshot in TFA looks gorgeous on my system.
       | Everything is using subpixel AA (terminals, code editor, browser,
       | except for the URL, for whatever reason) but not the file
       | manager. I wonder why that is.
        
         | smoldesu wrote:
         | > but not the file manager. I wonder why that is.
         | 
         | It's documented:
         | https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gtk/-/issues/3787
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | So that's what happens when you use 3D rendering approaches
           | for 2D text and line drawings. That's too bad. Hopefully we
           | can come up with better approaches to using the GPU's compute
           | hardware for this stuff. Pixel-correct rendering is not a
           | trivial concern;
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | Agreed, a 1080p or 1440p screen with good pixel-sharp graphics
         | (which Mac OS does not provide, leaving you with blurry anti-
         | aliasing) is all you need. 4K resolution is overkill.
        
       | silisili wrote:
       | That's really impressive!
       | 
       | That said, I really wish someone other than Apple would release
       | something like an ARM64 NUC, with good Linux compat. Even
       | something on par with the SD Gen 2 should be plenty to run a
       | desktop day to day.
        
         | mdaniel wrote:
         | I was really tempted to try this out:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34027280 but the 16GB of
         | RAM was too tiny for my day-to-day. It seemed to be a common
         | trend in arm64 things one can buy nowadays
        
         | the_pwner224 wrote:
         | I'm not trying to invalidate your specific use case, but in
         | general, there's not really any practical difference between
         | ARM64 and x86 for desktop use. ARM is generally _perceived_ as
         | being more power efficient, but the latest x86 mobile
         | processors from AMD (and probably also Intel) are very
         | efficient. The Apple M series does have very tightly coupled
         | RAM and onboard ML  & video encode accelerators, but when it
         | comes to plain old compute power & efficiency, AMD and Intel
         | have pretty much caught up afaik.
         | 
         | There were recently a couple of new NUC-type devices based on
         | the outgoing generation AMD mobile processors. I have the
         | Minisforum UM690, based on the Ryzen 6900HX, and it's been
         | working great as my new desktop computer. The iGPU is pretty
         | good too. The Ryzen 6800U (U = efficient variant, 25 W TDP) is
         | about the same as the M2 for performance and power consumption.
         | The 6900HX in this device is the high power variant, default
         | TDP is 45 W but you can lower it to 25 W in the BIOS which
         | should make it about identical to a 6800U. The newer ones with
         | the latest gen Ryzen chips should be much more efficient.
        
           | sliken wrote:
           | Dunno, M1 max (400GB/sec twice a threadripper) fits in a thin
           | laptop, performance well, and has a decent iGPU. That's more
           | bandwidth than a threadripper, better iGPU then anything
           | Intel/AMD ships, and still sips on the power.
           | 
           | M1 Ultra doubles the bandwidth again to 800GB/sec, and fits
           | in a small and quite desktop. What CPU+iGPU (or GPU) do you
           | think is comparable to M1 Ultra and competes on performance
           | and power?
        
             | goosedragons wrote:
             | PS5 is $500 also has 400GB/sec memory bandwidth. Very good
             | iGPU made by AMD. Also has a Blu-ray drive.
        
               | sliken wrote:
               | Sadly they are hard to run Linux on 8-(.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Just a tinkerer - no real specific use case. I also have a
           | UM690 that I'm using as my primary desktop, pretty sweet
           | little machine.
        
           | mdaniel wrote:
           | > in general, there's not really any practical difference
           | between ARM64 and x86 for desktop use
           | 
           | ... provided everything you and your team does is 100% on the
           | web, otherwise if you're a normal dev shop building and
           | consuming docker images then you'll chase innumerable reports
           | of "well, on _my machine_ I can 't use
           | docker.io/example/thingy:1.0 I had to use docker.io/eleeetz-
           | safe-4-sure/thingy:0.33.05beta-arm64"
           | 
           | Thus, it would be better if the whole company were on the
           | same CPU and since there's no longer any prayer of amd64
           | macOS ... we Linuxers have to capitulate
        
           | merb wrote:
           | btw. my m1 mac barely goes over 40 w TOTAL power (whole
           | machine) heck watching prime video my total power is at ~10w
           | total power. trust me no matter which ryzen/intel processer
           | you will never be as low as 10w total power.
           | 
           | I'm pretty sure the biggest intel/amd desktopn cpu is faster
           | than a m1 pro/ultra, m2 pro/ultra but there is no amd64
           | processer with the same efficiency than the m1/m2 macs.
        
             | deaddodo wrote:
             | > btw. my m1 mac barely goes over 40 w TOTAL power (whole
             | machine)
             | 
             | The v2718 is an embedded Zen2 SoC with a Vega GPU that
             | totals 10-25wCDP. Adding RAM and a main board to that might
             | add 10w, give or take.
             | 
             | > heck watching prime video my total power is at ~10w total
             | power.
             | 
             | Watching video is probably one of the most efficient tasks
             | you can do these days, especially since most of it is
             | offloaded to specialized decoders in the GPU (of which AMD,
             | Apple, nvidia, Intel, etc all provide).
             | 
             | > trust me no matter which ryzen/intel processer you will
             | never be as low as 10w total power.
             | 
             | They _literally_ exist. There's just no market for them.
             | The sweet spot for PC users is around 15-25w for laptops.
             | The loss in performance below that is generally something
             | people are dissatisfied with.
        
             | the_pwner224 wrote:
             | Try rereading my comment. Your M1's 40 W total power is not
             | special, the 6800U does that with roughly the same
             | performance.
             | 
             | My 7 year old i7 laptop used 5 W idling with a few
             | applications open and the screen at max brightness. I don't
             | know what a modern non-Apple laptop uses when watching
             | video, but 10 W seems about right.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | Not a NUC, but there is the ThinkPad X13s. Linux support seems
         | to be shaping up decently, with some hope that it might be
         | supported by stock ubuntu in ubuntu 23.04.
        
       | synergy20 wrote:
       | is the super fast speed mainly due to Linux the OS? is there
       | benchmark done to compare to MacOS? with most recent hardware and
       | 128GB memory I would expect things will run naturally faster no
       | matter what and Linux might not be the key deciding factor.
       | 
       | I'm a Linux user, considering to get a M2 Mac Mini these days,
       | and probably load Linux, even better and if possible, dual-boot
       | as I do need MacOS to run some ios apps on emulator.
        
         | birken wrote:
         | I have a relatively mid-to-top tier linux desktop (i5-13600K,
         | 64 GB ram) and an M2 Macbook pro (M2 max, 32GB ram). The linux
         | desktop comfortably outperforms the M2 in any CPU based
         | benchmarks while also being significantly cheaper (though the
         | M2 desktop machines are cheaper than the laptops, but still
         | more expensive than the alternatives). If I were doing GPU
         | heavy work than I assume the M2 would have a leg up, but then
         | again I could just buy whatever GPU I wanted for the desktop
         | machine and put it in there and I think it would outperform the
         | mac once again.
         | 
         | However, if you were concerned about power consumption than the
         | M2 would win by a mile, but for me it wasn't a huge factor in a
         | desktop machine.
        
           | synergy20 wrote:
           | I saw 64GB vs 32GB here, many apps are memory intensive, thus
           | the linux desktop will win no matter how faster M2 is, it
           | will be interesting to run cpu intensive benchmark between
           | them and see how that goes.
           | 
           | for ML training or 3D graphics, I wonder how M1 and M2's NPU
           | and GPU are supported under Linux, unless they're optimized
           | and verified to be superior, I will grab a machine with RTX
           | 3090Ti instead.
        
             | birken wrote:
             | I have a very CPU intensive single threaded program that
             | runs about 15% faster on the intel CPU. Other CPU
             | benchmarks out there show my particular processor is
             | slightly ahead of the M2 (and there are faster intel/amd
             | processors than the one in my machine). But if you look at
             | power consumption I believe the intel CPU uses something
             | like 3-5x the power to generate that slightly better
             | performance.
             | 
             | At the high end of performance, the M2 is just light years
             | better than any other chip (other than the M1) in terms of
             | performance per watt. But if that stops being a concern to
             | you then I think most linux desktop users are better off
             | just getting a "normal" intel machine, which also will have
             | 100% driver support for everything, cost less, and probably
             | be faster.
        
         | deaddodo wrote:
         | I think OP is just saying it's a very fast/snappy experience,
         | independently (as in the hardware). Not that Linux is
         | necessarily more performant than macOS.
        
       | waingake wrote:
       | > Moreover, running Asahi is perfectly legal because Apple
       | formally allows booting non-macOS operating systems on their
       | Apple Silicon platform.
       | 
       | How nice of Apple. #snarc
        
         | ngold wrote:
         | #snarc beats /s anyday. On a serious note. If you want to save
         | on the power bill. Arm anything wins against my 1000 watt xeon
         | workstation. I can heat several rooms with that monster.
        
           | bogwog wrote:
           | It's a shame Apple is Apple and you can't pay a reasonable
           | price for RAM, otherwise these would make awesome servers.
        
             | sliken wrote:
             | That's the cost for 10x the memory bandwidth of the Ryzen
             | 7950x.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | That's... comically untrue. The Playstation 5 has faster
               | memory than the M1 (448gb/s vs 200), and it was
               | manufactured by AMD before Zen 3 or Apple Silicon even
               | shipped. Dual-channel DDR5 should smoke the LPDDR4X in
               | Apple Silicon in terms of memory bandwidth.
        
               | sliken wrote:
               | How so?
               | 
               | Memory bandwidth (peak, not stream)                 Ryzen
               | 7950x =  84GB/sec #  128 bit wide ddr5-5200       M1 =
               | 66GB/sec #  128 bit wide ddr5-4800       M2 =
               | 100GB/sec #  128 bit wide ddr5-6400       M1/M2 Pro =
               | 200GB/sec #  256 bit wide       M1/M2 Max =   400GB/sec #
               | 512 bit wide       M1 Ultra  =   800GB/sec # 1024 bit
               | wide, m2 ultra not out
               | 
               | 800GB/sec / 84 = 9.5. Although the ARM64 has a more
               | relaxed memory ordering and generally you see a greater
               | fraction of peak in the real world. Also Mac's default to
               | a 16kb page, which helps the TLB with random workloads.
               | Memory bandwidth is part of why the Apple iGPU does so
               | well when compared to Intel and AMDs best iGPUs.
               | Similarly the improved memory system is why the PS5 and
               | XboxX does so well on games.
               | 
               | Sadly AMD is reserved the improved memory system for the
               | XboxX and PS5. Both AMD and Intel limit laptops and
               | normal desktops (except for the expensive HEDT segment
               | like the Threadripper) to 128 wide memory.
        
               | cjbprime wrote:
               | The latest Intel/AMD non-HEDT memory controllers only
               | have two channels, so your DDR5 would drop to below-DDR4
               | speeds if you put 128GB DDR5 in it.
               | 
               | (32GB dual rank sticks * 4 -- there are no 64GB DDR5
               | sticks yet. Some reports of system instability with all
               | four DDR5 slots populated, too, even when running at DDR4
               | speeds, it seems the motherboard manufacturers aren't
               | QAing it.)
        
               | bogwog wrote:
               | Nope, that's the cost of a monopoly. However fast or
               | special Apple's RAM is, it doesn't cost them 10x the
               | price of the competition, it costs _us_ that because we
               | can 't around shop for another supplier.
        
               | sliken wrote:
               | It does cost quite a bit more though. Otherwise everyone
               | would ship 1k bit wide memory interfaces instead of 128
               | bit wide.
               | 
               | Just look at the premium AMD and Intel charge for 256 bit
               | wide memory, let alone 1024 bit wide. Xeon servers have
               | 512 bit wide memory, AMD Epycs in the newest gen have
               | 768. Apple's unique in having a 1024 bit wide memory
               | interface, at least among commodity hardware.
        
           | pella wrote:
           | if you need AVX-512 ( x86-64-v4 ) then Ryzen 9 7950X3D 3D
           | V-Cache is also good alternative.
           | 
           | "AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D Linux Performance"
           | 
           | https://www.phoronix.com/review/amd-ryzen9-7950x3d-linux
           | 
           |  _" From the nearly 400 benchmarks, when taking the geo mean
           | the 7950X3D was at 97% the performance of the Ryzen 9 7950X
           | while on average being at 60% the power consumption rate. The
           | Ryzen 9 7950X3D in these non-gaming workloads was 11% faster
           | than the Intel Core i9 13900K and at around 60% the power."_
           | 
           | +
           | 
           | "AMD Unveils Ryzen 9 7950X3D, 7900X3D, and Ryzen 7 7800X3D,
           | Up to 128 MB of L3 Cache And 5.7 GHz Boost"
           | 
           | https://www.anandtech.com/show/18709/amd-unveils-
           | ryzen-9-795...
           | 
           | HN Thread https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34260253
        
       | jlarocco wrote:
       | It's cool that Arm64 chips are catching up in speed, but the
       | software support has been there for a long time.
       | 
       | When I bought my Raspberry Pi several years back, I was able to
       | comfortably develop using Emacs, gcc, and SBCL Common Lisp - the
       | same software I use on my AMD desktop. Everything I needed "just
       | worked"; compiling just wasn't very fast.
        
       | emilsedgh wrote:
       | Asahi Linux is amazing and pretty usable at this point. However,
       | last I tried I couldn't get stuff like Slack and Spotify to work
       | on it because there are no Arm packages for those. Has anyone
       | found a way around that?
        
         | doubled112 wrote:
         | Electron and apps built with it are missing from most ARM64
         | Linux distributions.
         | 
         | Once you've built Electron (or downloaded their binaries), many
         | of the builds fail because they download something that
         | requires x86_64, and then you get to troubleshoot that.
         | 
         | Flathub doesn't have aarch64 builds of most of these apps
         | either, so I'm assuming it is not just me having issues.
         | 
         | So much for cross platform. It is doable for the open source
         | apps if you want to get your hands dirty though.
         | 
         | It did motivate me to look for non-Electron replacements (to
         | Electron apps, not Slack and Spotify specifically), so I've got
         | that going for me.
         | 
         | Sent from an RPi4 I use as an always on workstation.
        
         | inconceivable wrote:
         | when i run across this issue i just use their web apps in a
         | separate browser. slack's 'native' app is just a sequestered
         | browser instance. not sure about spotify.
        
           | nicce wrote:
           | You can make your "own" slack app with few lines of code by
           | using some WebView library, like Tauri and Rust, for fun :-D
        
         | davidw wrote:
         | Use the web versions?
        
           | psanford wrote:
           | The web version of spotify doesn't work on my m2 air in
           | either chromium or firefox. The Spotify website errors with:
           | "Playback of protected content is not enabled."
           | 
           | Slack works just fine from the browser on Asahi though.
        
         | sys_64738 wrote:
         | You can't run any Electron apps. Is that a problem? :)
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | At least for Spotify, there are many other options, like
         | spotifyd and spotify-tui. Also one decent GUI app build with
         | Rust, if you want to try them.
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | Perhaps the universe is telling you something there? :-)
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | I'd be curious to see properly done benchmarks against top of the
       | line Intel or AMD machines. I'd be surprised if the Mac was
       | faster.
       | 
       | I do understand that people want the Mac for the build quality of
       | the laptop, not just for speed.
        
         | mikae1 wrote:
         | Don't forget that it's the best bang for the watt (at least
         | when running macOS).
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > I do understand that people want the Mac for the build
         | quality of the laptop, not just for speed.
         | 
         | I find LG Gram laptops to be of higher build quality than Mac
         | laptops. They may be pricier too depending on which LG Gram and
         | which Mac you buy though.
         | 
         | Mac laptops feel and _are_ incredibly brittle. They may look
         | shiny and the screen may look gorgeous, but they 're simply
         | brittle.
         | 
         | People here and there like to make fun of "MILSPEC" but my
         | MILSPEC LG Gram can sustain quite a beating. Meanwhile my M1
         | Mac is 1/5th the age of my LG Gram and the M1 Mac's screen is
         | already broken.
         | 
         | Mac laptops are very good looking but they are not, to me, of
         | great build quality. They're also heavier than my LG Gram.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | I wasn't planning to switch to ARM anytime soon, but I was
       | looking for a new Linux distro with Ubuntu heading off in it's
       | own 'Canonical' way.
       | 
       | Debian seemed to be a natural default but I'm leaning toward an
       | Arch distro so would prepare me if I should switch to ARM down
       | the road.
        
         | smackeyacky wrote:
         | Pop!OS is worth looking at if you like Ubuntu but don't like
         | where Ubuntu is going.
         | 
         | Plain debian is fine though - unless you have a recent laptop
         | and need nvidia drivers. You can make it work, but it's fiddly
         | and the Pop! guys already figured everything out for you. I use
         | debian on an old HP deskside server as a workstation and it's
         | been fantastic.
        
       | Avlin67 wrote:
       | hdmi and workstation doesnt fit, but you can down vote me its
       | fine I dont care.
        
         | lizknope wrote:
         | Okay but it supports 5 monitors. 1 via HDMI and 4 via the
         | Thunderport / DisplayPort Type-C outputs. I've got a Lenovo
         | Thinkpad and I use a $15 Type C to DisplayPort adapter and it
         | works fine at 4K @60Hz
         | 
         | The specs say it supports 6K @60Hz over the Type-C ports and 4K
         | for the HDMI port
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | In general I agree with you, but I think that may be a
         | limitation of Asashi right now. So if you want a display it may
         | be your only choice for a desktop.
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | Blanket statements of "everything works" always leave me a little
       | suspicious. But if sleep/wake, DPMS, power consumption, fans, and
       | those kinds of irritants, which are omnipresent even on x86
       | Linux, are all good under Asahi that is pretty cool.
        
       | hillcrestenigma wrote:
       | Does anyone know how cost effective a base M1 Mac Studio would be
       | compared to a PC build with comparable cost? There's also the
       | obvious set of trade offs, such as being quiet, compact, but
       | being unrepairable, while the PCs having nearly the opposite
       | qualities. Is the power efficiency of Apple Silicon still a major
       | advantage in a desktop system?
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | I save 20EUR per month by using my Macbook instead of desktop
         | PC in electricity. At least 720 euros from three years.
        
           | poolopolopolo wrote:
           | I dont think this mac consumes much less than a amd 7950x
           | capped at 65W.
        
             | sliken wrote:
             | Depends, whats the GPU on the 7950x?
        
               | poolopolopolo wrote:
               | I dont think gpu power is relevant for people installing
               | linux on their m1/2 as long as it can play youtube at 4k.
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | Not yet but maybe soon https://old.reddit.com/r/AsahiLinu
               | x/comments/10prw2c/stable_...
        
               | sliken wrote:
               | Light gaming seems common, asahi linux streams have have
               | minecraft, tux racer, mario kart, and related. Seems like
               | a fair amount of ML (both inference and training) going
               | on. PyTouch now works with CPU, GPU, and AMX (via metal),
               | and seen some posts on using the neural to achieve a 7x
               | improvement over the GPUs, but not upstreamed yet. One
               | bonus is the GPU (and AMX) can access all memory, not
               | just the 8-16GB that's common on GPUs these days.
               | 
               | I'm not a heavy gamer, but having some 3D is nice. I'd
               | likely buy a 7900 (non-x) or 7800X3D if buying now, but
               | not going to spend $800 and up for current gen GPUs,
               | maybe get a 3060 or 3060 Ti. The Mac Studio is looking
               | pretty promising, hopefully it's refreshed with the M2
               | CPUs RSN.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > Does anyone know how cost effective a base M1 Mac Studio
         | would be compared to a PC build with comparable cost?
         | 
         | If you normalize to performance, building a comparable PC for
         | things like compiling code can be about half the price. Intel
         | and AMD's latest top-end consumer CPUs are very, very fast and
         | significantly cheaper.
         | 
         | > Is the power efficiency of Apple Silicon still a major
         | advantage in a desktop system?
         | 
         | If you're going for ultimate silence and/or you need the
         | smallest machine possible, power efficiency matters.
         | 
         | If you're spending 99% of your time in the code editor and web
         | browser, your CPU is going to be mostly idle anyway and peak
         | power usage basically doesn't matter. A decently configured AMD
         | or even Intel system with reasonable fan curves can be plenty
         | quiet for the 1% of time that you're at 100% CPU usage (hint:
         | embrace the high temperatures and let it throttle, it's fine).
        
         | Gigachad wrote:
         | I watched one guy build a hackentosh for the same price as a
         | Mac mini and compared them. The intel based one wins in multi
         | threaded workloads but the M1 wins in single threaded, power
         | efficiency, and things which it has hardware acceleration like
         | video encoding.
        
         | gabereiser wrote:
         | It's about half the cost to build your own based on Ryzen
         | thread ripper and DDR5. I've done this before however, it's not
         | ARM64. It also requires like 1000w power supply. Can you build
         | a machine just as capable? Yes. Will it be as efficient? No.
         | Will it be Arm? Probably not. That said, I run Apple MacBook
         | Air as my daily so YMMV.
         | 
         | *edit* ok a bit more than half. Chip shortage has scalpers
         | sitting on threadrippers.
        
           | goosedragons wrote:
           | Do you need a Threadripper to compete with M1 Ultra? Ryzen 9
           | 7950X seems pretty comparable and doesn't require a 1000W PSU
           | unless you must pair it with a 4090 or something.
        
             | sliken wrote:
             | Depends, how cache friendly is your workload? The M1 ultra
             | has more than 4x the memory bandwidth of the threadripper.
             | Of course the GPU makes a big difference in cost and power
             | use. If you need a 4090, there's nothing comparable. But if
             | the Apple iGPU is enough you save a ton of power and space.
        
           | danielheath wrote:
           | If you leave it switched on using 5 cents worth of
           | electricity an hour, how long does it take to cost more?
        
         | lizknope wrote:
         | The 20-core Mac Studio with 128GB RAM is $4,800
         | 
         | It would be interesting to see a 24 or 32 core Threadripper vs
         | the Mac Studio. I didn't price out the full system but those
         | CPUs are in the $1300-2800 range
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | Only you can answer that question. You just stated the
         | tradeoffs.
         | 
         | Compact quiet low power unexpandable box vs large noisy power
         | hungry expandable box. Pick your poison.
         | 
         | I'd also do more research if I'd plan to run Linux on an Apple
         | box. Just because it's good for TFA's use case, it may not be
         | good for yours.
        
       | eatonphil wrote:
       | > Is there anything that doesn't work?
       | 
       | > To quote Hamlet, Act 3, Scene 3, Line 87: "No."
       | 
       | > Everything works... and works perfectly.
       | 
       | That is impressive and really hard to believe! I guess I'll have
       | to find an M1 mac Mini to try myself!
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | Not everything will work. Once upon time I tried to make CTF
         | with M2 Pro, and I seriously wished that I had x86_64 Linux
         | instead.
         | 
         | Many of the penetration testing tools are not mainstream and
         | they include pre-build x86_64 binaries, or are configured just
         | to not compile with ARM, for reason unknown. And there is no
         | time to figure out what is wrong.
         | 
         | I know this might be a niche scenario, but still...
        
           | snazz wrote:
           | That seems like a wonderful opportunity to use QEMU since
           | it's not all that performance-sensitive (I think?) and you're
           | not running random pre-built binaries directly on your
           | computer.
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | I ran all my stuff inside non-root non-volume container so
             | prebuilt binary it is not really a problem.
             | 
             | I used QEMU through Podman machine in the end, but the
             | performance is terrible. Even on MacOS side QEMU does not
             | support Rosetta 2. Docker for Desktop supports and gives
             | significant boost, but I don't want to use it.
        
               | VBprogrammer wrote:
               | This stuff makes me super nervous. I've just gotten an M1
               | MacBook Pro at work because my old touchbar Mac was
               | showing signs of impending battery death (and I only got
               | that because IT didn't want to support Linux and I didn't
               | want Windows). I've already had a few battles with some
               | python libraries and today I've found that the Oracle
               | container image doesn't run.
               | 
               | I love the battery life and the keyboard is much better
               | than the old one. It feels snappy running native code but
               | I just know it's going to cause me more issues than it's
               | worth.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | > Even on MacOS side QEMU does not support Rosetta 2.
               | 
               | Is Rosetta 2 that much faster than QEMU's own
               | translation? Why?
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | QEMU makes translation in Just-in-Time. Rosetta "pre-
               | builds" binaries to match different architecture, and
               | binaries eventually run "natively", with the cost of
               | delayed start.
        
               | dicknuckle wrote:
               | Did you try Lima on Mac? I never did compare apples to
               | apples, ran an x86 Podman VM and then switched to an
               | arm64 Lima VM and had drastically improved performance.
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | Lima uses QEMU as well. Performance is not an issue from
               | ARM-to-ARM virtualisation.
        
               | shoo_pl wrote:
               | Starting from 0.14 lima support vz framework on macos and
               | allows you to use rosetta2 for x64 linux binaries :)
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | Thanks! Need to test it.
        
               | elcritch wrote:
               | The newest release of colima / lima runs Rosetta2 by
               | default when running cross arch. The file system and
               | networking are flaky but it's fast.
        
           | highwaylights wrote:
           | "Once upon a time I tried to make CTF with M2 Pro"
           | 
           | Wasn't the M2 Pro released like a month ago?
           | 
           | Am I that old that a few weeks now counts as once upon a
           | time?
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | I cannot imagine a worse idea than downloading a binary
           | artifact promulgated by someone in the competitive infosec
           | community.
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | Not much different than installing any random pip package.
             | They include pre-build binaries too. Infosec tools might be
             | even safer.
        
         | eqvinox wrote:
         | per statement from Asahi Linux [https://social.treehouse.system
         | s/@AsahiLinux/109931764533424...] - you'll have to do a lot of
         | your own legwork to get there.
         | 
         | Not having to deal with an entire custom laptop (i.e. getting a
         | lot of standard peripherals for "free" after only getting USB
         | to work) also helps a whole lot, and note the article
         | specifically talks about a desktop mac.
        
           | dougall wrote:
           | That toot is about upstream Linux 6.2, not Asahi Linux. If
           | you run Asahi Linux (as in the blog post) you get decent (but
           | not complete) legwork-free hardware support. Detailed
           | breakdown here:
           | https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Feature-Support
        
         | psanford wrote:
         | I've got an M2 Air. It is very usable, but its far from
         | everything working perfectly.
         | 
         | Builtin speaker support is still a work in progress. It works
         | if you know what you are doing and are not afraid to damage
         | your speakers if you make a mistake. There's been progress on
         | this though, so I expect this to be resolved sooner than later.
         | 
         | There's no builtin speakers in the author's mac studio though,
         | so I'll give them a pass for this one.
         | 
         | Bluetooth and wifi both work, but their drivers are still
         | buggy. I see a lot of errors in dmseg from these drivers and
         | occasionally things stop working and require a reboot to fix.
         | 
         | GPU acceleration works, but there is still a lot of work to do
         | on that driver.
         | 
         | External displays over the thunderbolt ports don't work yet.
         | 
         | Other things that don't work on the laptops: webcam, touch-id /
         | Secure Enclave, some miscellaneous software.
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong, I've been able to daily drive linux only on
         | my m2 air since August. I love the hardware and the current
         | state of Asahi meets my needs. And its been steadily improving
         | over the course of time. But its far from "work[ing] perfectly"
         | yet.
        
           | lmedinas wrote:
           | Do you have a dual boot ?
        
         | rmorey wrote:
         | It's not obvious if you skim the post, but they mention getting
         | the Mini in the first paragraph, but later mention they got a
         | tricked out mac studio. so just be aware the fawning notes are
         | about the Studio, not the Mini (although the mini does rock I
         | love it)
        
           | eatonphil wrote:
           | Good point. I only noticed the bits about the studio.
        
         | sys_64738 wrote:
         | I thought the sound and trackpad didn't work although maybe
         | that isn't an issue for the Mac Studio.
        
         | gbN025tt2Z1E2E4 wrote:
         | Not that hard to believe when you consider the hardware specs
         | for Apple machines are so heavily locked down to a very
         | specific set of mobo, cpu, and only variability in core count,
         | ram amount, hard drive size, etc.
         | 
         | It's not like PC world of mix and match everything.
        
           | runjake wrote:
           | It's hard to believe because virtually none of the
           | proprietary Apple Silicon platform (except the CPU
           | instruction set itself) is documented and involved a
           | tremendous amount of reverse-engineering effort by some _very
           | bright volunteers_.
        
             | sixothree wrote:
             | And yet open source community embraces the hardware with
             | fervor.
        
               | sliken wrote:
               | It's an appealing platform. Entry level is $600, nice
               | memory systems (66GB/sec to 800GB/sec), and nice iGPU.
               | The laptops have nice keyboards, nice trackpads, nice
               | screens, and great battery life. The desktops are built
               | in a solid aluminum chassis and have a single fan
               | (instead of the normal 4-8) and are small and quiet.
               | 
               | I do wish apple did a native apple port, but the
               | community is making good progress on that front.
        
               | Mike_12345 wrote:
               | Vast majority of hardware used by the open source
               | community is proprietary and undocumented, and always has
               | been. They embrace the challenge of reverse-engineering.
        
             | morrbo wrote:
             | Agreed, if anyone wants some good insight, this video is
             | fantastic. It gets to the tech stuff about 20 mins in iirc
             | and explains some quite surprisingly open aspects of the
             | apple ecosystem and some approaches to funky stuff with the
             | closed bits.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COlvP4hODpY
        
             | hotpotamus wrote:
             | Your italics are strange and makes me wonder if you are
             | trying to convey something. My first thought is that if the
             | reverse engineering was done anonymously or pseudonymously,
             | then the ones best positioned to do it would be actual
             | Apple engineers who have insider information and feel like
             | sharing with the world.
        
             | Mike_12345 wrote:
             | That's typically been the case since Linux started in 1991.
             | Reverse-engineering undocumented proprietary hardware has
             | been the norm.
        
       | bolangi wrote:
       | All sounds good to me. What I don't get is how running on arm64
       | would speed up i3. I3 is already fast enough to be unnoticeable,
       | hardly performs any expensive operations.
        
         | deaddodo wrote:
         | I didn't see OP saying ARM increased performance, just that
         | sway felt more buttery/smooth and easier to configure.
        
         | rarafael wrote:
         | I believe they're commenting on the fact that the sway Wayland
         | compositor seems faster than i3. Might be due to how Wayland
         | handles frame rendering, but switching between the two I tend
         | to notice a more "snappy" effect from sway
        
         | darthrupert wrote:
         | Everything you run on it, though?
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | Forgive a bit of ignorance on my end; does Asahi have x86_64
       | emulation? It would be cool to play Linux Steam games on Arm.
        
         | merb wrote:
         | you can copy over rosetta2 but it's not there by default (i.e.
         | you need to dual boot mac into a linux vm with rosetta2 mounted
         | than you can copy the rosetta2 binary)
        
         | hias wrote:
         | You could try the patched Rosetta2 for Linux + Wine or
         | something!
         | 
         | https://github.com/CathyKMeow/rosetta-linux-asahi
        
         | hias wrote:
         | Also check this! :)
         | 
         | https://box86.org/2022/12/box64-on-asahi-with-experimental-g...
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | qemu-user can emulate x86_64 hardware, but it's not going to be
         | as fast as Apple's Rosetta.
        
           | tombert wrote:
           | Yeah, that's what I was afraid of; honestly the reason I
           | haven't seriously attempted moving to Arm Linux full time is
           | because I suspect that it would be great for 99% of stuff,
           | but that 1% of ~30 years of x86 legacy junk would be some
           | huge blocker that forces me to change to something else.
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | Performance will be terrible as you virtualise instructions.
         | You can try it with QEMU for example.
        
       | rvz wrote:
       | > Everything works... and works perfectly. All the hardware
       | (Bluetooth, audio, HDMI, USB, 10G Ethernet, WiFi, and GPU)
       | performs flawlessly with the drivers created by the Asahi team
       | this past year, and there isn't a single piece of software I want
       | or need that doesn't run beautifully in Asahi on this system.
       | 
       | So I am expecting _everything_ from proper GPU acceleration,
       | power management and sleep to the Touch ID keyboard to be 100%
       | working perfectly fine, all guaranteed then?
        
         | deaddodo wrote:
         | OP is using a Mac Studio, which is not a laptop. I don't think
         | you can take their claim of it 100% working on their hardware
         | and apply it to a completely different machine.
         | 
         | In addition, it's open source software. Not some corporate
         | organization selling you a product. Nothing is guaranteed.
        
           | rvz wrote:
           | > OP is using a Mac Studio, which is not a laptop.
           | 
           | You're telling me that the Mac Studio has no "power
           | management" or "sleep" functionality at all? Not even in
           | macOS? Nor does it have a 'GPU' for GPU acceleration either.
           | We both know that it isn't exclusive to laptops. Everyone
           | knows Touch ID doesn't work, both the seperate keyboard and
           | on Apple Silicon laptops (and Intel Macs) and you know it.
           | 
           | > I don't think you can take their claim of it 100% working
           | on their hardware and apply it to a completely different
           | machine.
           | 
           | Yes I can, and I just did since Asahi Linux is aimed at
           | specifically supporting all Apple Silicon machines. OPs
           | machine included.
           | 
           | Just admit that the OP is getting carried away with the claim
           | that "Everything works... and works perfectly" when we know
           | that isn't true. A dose of skepticism is needed to cut
           | through wild claims during bouts of hype and euphoria.
           | 
           | Even some have already questioned [0] the _' everything
           | works'_ claim and are still waiting for sleep and power
           | management support [1].
           | 
           | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35015538
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35014923
        
       | Maursault wrote:
       | > This January, I installed Asahi Linux on Apple's most powerful
       | ARM64 system: the Mac Studio with a 20-core M1 Ultra processor
       | and 128GB of RAM
       | 
       | Sucker. For the same price, OP could have had TWO Mac Studios Max
       | 10-core with 64GB RAM each, which together would absolutely spank
       | the Mac Studio Ultra 20-core with 128GB RAM. Why are people
       | falling for this!?
        
       | usr1106 wrote:
       | Depending on the country you live earth overshoot day is pretty
       | soon. 128GB of RAM and other specs for a workstation certainly
       | sound like overshoot. I'd wish smart people would use their
       | brains and saving resources instead of wasting them.
        
         | tracker1 wrote:
         | 640K aught to be enough for anybody.
        
         | detrites wrote:
         | Until you're living in a tree and sending this message with a
         | carrier pigeon there's some criticisms anyone could level at
         | you also. And, what if our future energy saviour just so
         | happened to need 128GB of RAM to prove their model in time?
        
           | usr1106 wrote:
           | I am typing this on a mobile phone. Maybe 7-8 years old. 2 GB
           | of RAM. Sailfish OS, still maintained (not perfectly, but
           | better than the competition). Made as a low cost smart phone
           | for India originally. Works decently well on many Web sites,
           | close to perfectly on HN.
        
             | kjs3 wrote:
             | So a small computer. Full of environmentally problematic
             | stuff. Just small and old. If that's your 'save the planet'
             | plan, keep your condescension to yourself.
        
               | kzrdude wrote:
               | The original poster bought both a mac mini and a mac
               | studio, I think it is not out of place to mention our
               | limited resources on this planet. Not that consumer
               | choice can save us (other things are needed), but
               | overconsumption is one problem.
        
       | cjdrake wrote:
       | Another Arm64 workstation you can buy today:
       | https://www.ipi.wiki/products/ampere-altra-developer-platfor...
        
         | tbrock wrote:
         | Performance isn't there. Why spend 3k on this?
        
           | eatonphil wrote:
           | What's wrong with the performance?
        
           | eqvinox wrote:
           | M1 Ultra on macOS: ca. 1800 (1C) ca. 24000 (20C)
           | https://browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/20798209
           | 
           | Ampere Altra on Windows: ca. 800 (1C) ca. 12800 (80C)
           | https://browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/20639458
           | 
           | Ampere Altra on Linux: ca. 900 (1C) ca. 44000 (80C)
           | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/ampere-altra-
           | max-80-ccore-...
           | 
           | Apparently the key to getting performance out of the Ampere
           | Altra is ... to just not use Windows? And have a very
           | parallel workload. Yes, a single Altra core is half as fast
           | as a single M1 Ultra core. But it really depends on your use
           | case and other factors (e.g. power efficiency) which one is
           | preferable.
        
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