[HN Gopher] What's Wrong with Bananas (2018)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       What's Wrong with Bananas (2018)
        
       Author : dnetesn
       Score  : 44 points
       Date   : 2023-02-17 11:13 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (worldsensorium.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (worldsensorium.com)
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Crazy thing is that I can't find pure banana flavored ice cream
       | in my local supermarket.
        
       | unwind wrote:
       | I feel as if I've read this before, about the risks of putting
       | all bananas in one basked so to speak. Still, interesting. I did
       | not know that the banana can be classified as "our most important
       | fresh fruit crop".
       | 
       | Also, this part was ... quirky and made me want to click for more
       | details or something:
       | 
       |  _A McDonald's burger and fries meal hardly varies from
       | Riverside, California, to Elk Grove, Illinois, to Uppsala,
       | Sweden. (Actually, McDonald's fries in Sweden are a pleasant
       | surprise.)_
        
         | detourdog wrote:
         | There is a McDonalds at the intersection of the Brooklyn Queens
         | Expressway and the Cross Bronx Expressway. One time in the
         | middle of the night I ordered whatever hamburger and received a
         | double cheeseburger with fried onions(fried onions are not on
         | the McDonalds menu).
         | 
         | That same McDondalds on another visit I found the drive-thru
         | worker head down sleeping on the counter.
         | 
         | The exception that proves the rule. I remember that McDonald's
         | hamburger.
        
         | sandos wrote:
         | In Sweden we have the chain Max which is a direct competitor to
         | McD. Max switched their fries to a much crunchier variant with
         | the peel left on a couple of years ago, and we discussed just
         | the other day that McD fries is not as loose and sloppy as it
         | used to be. We guessed it might be a market adaptation to the
         | (imho) much better Max fries.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | > with the peel left on
           | 
           | So much food waste reduction by doing that.
        
           | shaftway wrote:
           | So... if McDonalds french fries had been left to their
           | typical sexual reproduction instead of mankind meddling and
           | creating asexual clones then the McDonalds french fry would
           | have adapted to the changing environment and increased
           | competition from the Max french fry by itself?
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | MAX Burgers: https://www.maxburgers.com/
        
         | elil17 wrote:
         | They definitely are the most important fresh fruit. Bananas are
         | the most consumed fresh fruit - the _average_ person eats 32
         | pounds of bananas a year. They 're the most popular fruit in
         | many developed countries and a staple food in many developing
         | countries. Now, not all of these are Cavendish, of course.
         | Other countries, especially in banana-producing regions, have
         | much wider varieties of bananas in their diets.
         | 
         | The only fruit more popular is tomatoes - the average person
         | eats 50 pounds of those a year. But they are typically not
         | consumed fresh.
         | 
         | https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-most-popular-fruit-i...
        
       | steve1977 wrote:
       | I always find it funny when people say "nature provides
       | everything we need" and then refer to fruit like our current
       | banana cultivars
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | Nature may provide everything we need, but not everything we
         | want.
         | 
         | Nobody needs bananas.
        
         | nirimda wrote:
         | Nature provides everything we need, but sometimes nature's
         | method of providing what we need is humans.
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | The best is when people learn that lemons were basically
         | created by us. :D "When life refused to give you lemons, make
         | them!"
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Discussed at the time:
       | 
       |  _What's Wrong with Bananas_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18355575 - Nov 2018 (54
       | comments)
       | 
       | Also related:
       | 
       |  _The search is on for banana ancestors_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33247667 - Oct 2022 (22
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Parable of the Banana_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26977808 - April 2021 (3
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The fungus that devastates the Cavendish banana has now arrived
       | in Latin America_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20681954
       | - Aug 2019 (191 comments)
       | 
       |  _The Cavendish banana is facing extinction_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18192671 - Oct 2018 (67
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The Banana As We Know It Is Dying Again_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16093580 - Jan 2018 (110
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The Cavendish banana is under threat from a fungus_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15425918 - Oct 2017 (45
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The Cavendish Banana Will Soon Be Gone_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13883805 - March 2017 (70
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The Miracle of the Modern Banana_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12263727 - Aug 2016 (35
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The Cavendish banana is slowly but surely being driven to
       | extinction_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10653220 - Dec
       | 2015 (24 comments)
       | 
       |  _How the global banana industry is killing the world's favorite
       | fruit_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8296326 - Sept 2014
       | (104 comments)
       | 
       |  _Researchers fear that a fungus could cripple the world 's
       | banana monoculture_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7753317 - May 2014 (7
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Fungus threatens top banana_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6923823 - Dec 2013 (48
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _The Unfortunate Sex Life of the Banana_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1978934 - Dec 2010 (35
       | comments)[?]
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | > _A single cluster of nearly identical genotypes, the Cavendish
       | subgroup, nearly monopolizes the world's banana groves and banana
       | trade._
       | 
       | Just a reminder that this isn't true if you walk into an average
       | supermarket in Brazil. You'll find banana prata, banana nanica,
       | banana maca, banana ouro, banana da terra... just look at an
       | online supermarket search [1]. And to be clear these are all
       | bananas eaten as fruit, not plaintains or anything. Wikipedia
       | lists even more [2].
       | 
       | But somehow the English-speaking world ignores their existence.
       | And it's not like they're exotic varieties you have to hunt down
       | in rural areas or something. They're just the standard normal
       | variety of bananas you buy at any urban supermarket. (Same as in
       | an American supermarket you don't expect only one type of apple,
       | but expect to see honeycrisp, fuji, granny smith, and so forth.)
       | 
       | [1] https://www.paodeacucar.com/busca?terms=banana&p=1
       | 
       | [2] https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana#Como_alimento
        
         | ASalazarMX wrote:
         | Maybe we need a new rule, like the one about medical
         | advancements... in mice.
         | 
         | > nearly monopolizes the world's banana groves and banana
         | trade... in USA and Western Europe
        
         | Nursie wrote:
         | Thailand has many as well.
         | 
         | I'm often disappointed that here in Australia the Cavendish is
         | so dominant. We do sometimes get Red Daccas, and lady-finger
         | bananas but not a lot else. And can I find a fe'i? Nope...
         | 
         | Going to be trying to grow ice-cream bananas soon I think!
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > But somehow the English-speaking world ignores their
         | existence. And it's not like they're exotic varieties you have
         | to hunt down in rural areas or something.
         | 
         | Maybe because these banana breeds don't take lightly to the
         | multi-week shipments required for bananas to be eaten in
         | Europe?
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | Yeah maybe for Europe, but I'd think it wouldn't be too hard
           | to plant them in Mexico and ship them to the US by truck.
           | 
           | Brazil's a big country too and it's not like all the bananas
           | are grown an hour outside the cities or anything. These sit
           | around in supermarkets, they're not delicacies you have to
           | find at a farmer's market that go bad in a day or something.
           | 
           | I really wonder if the issue really is just lack of
           | awareness. I can't count the number of articles I've read
           | that basically lead you to think Cavendish is the only banana
           | being grown at large scale anymore, when that's just not
           | true.
        
             | jiveturkey42 wrote:
             | Export markets are going to be defined by what can be
             | traded in tonnages, not boutique luxury foods that are
             | expensive and risky to ship, nor would any agriculture
             | company risk the investment to cultivate them at scale for
             | export from Mexico
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | They're not "boutique luxury foods", they're just normal
               | fruit.
               | 
               | And here in NYC a lot of the produce I buy comes from
               | Mexico at scale, including things like ripe cherry
               | tomatoes grown in greenhouses that are much more "luxury"
               | than bananas. But also just everyday papayas and
               | avocados.
               | 
               | So given that so many fruits and vegetables are already
               | cultivated at scale for export from Mexico, it's not
               | clear why banana varieties are that different. To the
               | contrary, all _sorts_ of new fruit varieties are being
               | invested in, grown and shipped from other countries. Just
               | yesterday I bought cara cara navel oranges and blood
               | oranges too from my normal average supermarket, which
               | certainly weren 't available here five years ago at an
               | average store.
        
               | deeviant wrote:
               | What do you think the definition of a "boutique" fruit
               | is, exactly?
               | 
               | I would think it would have a lot less from being some
               | actual boon from the gods and more a fruit in limited
               | supply in the region of interest.
        
       | sampo wrote:
       | I guess the bananocalypse will eventually come some day. But it
       | has been predicted to come for decades already.
       | 
       | 2005: _The Cavendish, the version of the banana that rests on top
       | of American breakfast cereals, is "on a crash course toward
       | extinction."_
       | 
       | 2010: _a new strain of the Panama disease, that the Cavendish
       | banana is not resistant to, sprung up in 1992 and threatens the
       | world's most popular banana once again_
       | 
       | 2016: _Why bananas as we know them might go extinct_
       | 
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/13/business/media/no-serious...
       | 
       | https://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2010/06/commercial-...
       | 
       | https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/22/africa/banana-panama-dise...
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | The truly baffling thing to me, is I swear one of the hardest
         | emphasized lessons in grade school was on the dangers of a
         | monoculture. And yet, the vast majority of farming seems to
         | just double down on it.
         | 
         | Worse, non-farming does to. So many societies and institutions
         | seem to try and build up the equivalent.
        
           | Zababa wrote:
           | It is the same thing as centralization/decentralization.
           | Centralization is more efficient (economies of scale and
           | other things) but more fragile.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | The problem is that monocultures enjoy great economies of
           | scale, and it's extremely difficult to fight the market.
           | 
           | The little farmer who grows a variety of crops is out-
           | competed by the corn growing neighbor who has relatively
           | cheap specialized equipment and seeds available to allow him
           | to work ever larger and more productive fields for year after
           | year. The little guy ends up closing shop before the neighbor
           | gets wiped out by some highly specialized pathogen. As John
           | Maynard Keynes noted, "Markets can stay irrational longer
           | than you can stay solvent." Monocultures might be a bad idea
           | in the long term, but for immediate profits they cannot be
           | beat.
        
             | searine wrote:
             | The threat of monoculture is overblown.
             | 
             | Yes if your entire society relies on one staple crop that
             | has low diversity and no pest management, you are at high
             | risk, but that is not modern society.
             | 
             | If the cavendish is wiped out, people would barely notice.
             | Even if it happened with corn, it would be disruptive, but
             | not catastrophic. Our food system is too diversified to
             | really collapse from one disease.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | I grew up near a statue to the boll weevil. So, exactly.
               | It can happen. Does even. Rubber trees, if I'm not
               | mistaken, are another good example.
               | 
               | Doesn't mean that specialization can't have obvious
               | benefits.
        
               | jzebedee wrote:
               | Enterprise, AL?
        
               | Tangurena2 wrote:
               | The British switched from coffee to tea because their
               | monoculture coffee plantations in what used to be called
               | Ceylon died from blight. Their plantations were the
               | descendants of 6 plants. A disease that affected one
               | coffee bush affected every coffee bush.
               | 
               | The Irish Potato Famine happened because their potatoes
               | were descended from a single handful of potatoes. As a
               | result, a fungus that affected one potato plant affected
               | every other potato plant. About a million people died
               | from that.
               | 
               | The corn blight in 1970 resulted in the loss of 1/3 of
               | the US corn crop. If the weather hadn't broken, up to 85%
               | of that year's crop could have died. 85% of the seed
               | grown back then used Texas Male Sterile Cytoplasm as part
               | of the hybridization process. In response, the US
               | government created and continues massive subsidies for
               | corn production. This is why high fructose corn syrup is
               | cheaper than cane/beet sugar, and why HFCS is so
               | widespread in US food production.
               | 
               | One book that covers the history of monoculture failures
               | like this is _Altered Harvest_ :
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.com/Altered-Harvest-Jack-
               | Doyle/dp/0140096...
               | 
               | One book that covers how prevalent corn is in American
               | food production is _Omnivore 's Dilemma_.
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.com/Omnivores-Dilemma-Natural-History-
               | Mea...
               | 
               | The banana flavor used in candies tastes nothing like
               | Cavendish bananas. That flavor was based on the Gros
               | Michel variety that went economically extinct in the
               | 1950s.
        
               | cultofmetatron wrote:
               | > The British switched from coffee to tea because their
               | monoculture coffee plantations in what used to be called
               | Ceylon died from blight.
               | 
               | its quite unfortunate as srilankan coffee is quite good
               | and tragically under appreciated. most locals will serve
               | you nescafe as they think its "fancy"
        
           | sclarisse wrote:
           | The problem with bananas specifically is that if you don't
           | have a seedless product, you don't have a product to sell at
           | all.
           | 
           | https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Banana_cross_secti.
           | ..
           | 
           | And that means monocultures propagated from cuttings.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | It's just an advanced form of 'hand to mouth' existence,
           | maybe we should call it 'capital to wallet' The fact a crash
           | will come tomorrow doesn't stop most actors from doing what's
           | going to profit them the most today.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | I think it is a little more nuanced, in practice. For a lot
             | of amazing progress and such, the short term doubling down
             | on something seems to make a ton of sense. As such, for the
             | individual farmer and all, risky idea. For the town and the
             | society, they can often ride the reward with minimal
             | exposure to the risk.
             | 
             | My personal pipe dream is that we found a way to not load
             | so much downside of risks on individuals. Which seems to be
             | what we do.
        
             | blowski wrote:
             | It's another example of "the tragedy of the commons". Each
             | individual actor is acting in their own short-term
             | interest, at the expense of everybody's long term interest.
        
           | acchow wrote:
           | I am seeing a renaissance in Apple varieties. Coffea is not a
           | monoculture. Will other fruits and vegetables follow?
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | The bananapocalypse already happened:
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gros_Michel_banana
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Hence, the article...
        
           | stewartbutler wrote:
           | Eh, they definitely aren't fit for major cultivation anymore,
           | but you can still find them.
           | 
           | I picked up a basket (with a bunch of other varieties) from
           | miamifruit.org a while back. They can't ship a lot of things
           | to California, but if you live elsewhere in the lower 48 you
           | should check them out.
        
       | eiiot wrote:
       | There's a great freakonomics episode on exactly what's going on
       | with bananas.
       | 
       | https://freakonomics.com/podcast/the-most-interesting-fruit-...
        
         | poisonarena wrote:
         | like the poster said above, NPR has been scaring us with banana
         | doomsday events for years.. I remember listening to NPR in
         | 2006, preparing for the end of the banana
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Simular thing for how the US chicken industry used the same line
       | of roosters to produce chickens and then faced some issues from
       | it a few years ago.
        
       | bannedbybros wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | tnel wrote:
       | I live in Cambodia. We have 21 or so different varieties of
       | bananas, all pretty different. Our bananas are tangier, sweeter,
       | and we have many ways to prepare them. I definitely eat at least
       | half a pound a day of them. They grow so easily and sprout up out
       | of the ground from their rhizomes. After the banana "tree"
       | flowers and produces a bunch of bananas, it soon dies; so we chop
       | up the tree and feed it to our animals and 3 more trees grow in
       | its place.
       | 
       | As a foreigner I buy a bunch of bananas for 25C/ to 50C/ usually.
        
         | coolg54321 wrote:
         | In kerala, India too we have so many varities of bananas
         | Robusta, Palayankodan, Poovan, Njalipoovan, Kadali, Chenkadali,
         | Karpooravally, Poomkalli, Koompillakannan, Chinali, Virupakshi,
         | Plantain to name few.
         | 
         | And in Europe i see everywhere only cavendishes or plantains
         | unfortunately
        
       | linuxftw wrote:
       | There are many interesting cultivars of bananas. Cavendish is the
       | worst banana available, and the sooner it goes extinct in mass
       | ag, the better.
        
         | 2ICofafireteam wrote:
         | It depends on your benchmark.
         | 
         | I have nothing to cite but, just based on their ubiquity, I
         | would bet $5 against the hole in a bagel that Cavendish bananas
         | produce more per acre than any other variety.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | I think the reason Cavendish is the main crop is because it
           | can survive shipping and handling well. Most varieties of
           | bananas can't.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | And some of that Cavendish preference is strictly cosmetic.
             | Some varieties will blemish easily but still taste great
             | inside for a while, while Cavendish blemishing means you've
             | got 1-2 days tops to consume it.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | Also also, Cavendish is a "dessert banana". Most banana
               | varieties are more like plantains -- they're savory and
               | are usually cooked.
        
             | linuxftw wrote:
             | Shipping, and relatedly, it will mature somewhat after
             | picking. I suspect, much like a tomato, the closer you pick
             | it to ripe, the better it actually is.
        
         | coldpie wrote:
         | I've tried a small handful of different bananas (maybe a half-
         | dozen?) and nah. Cavendish is above average. Certainly there
         | are better, and more varieties being available would be
         | awesome, but Cavendish is nowhere near the bottom of the pack.
         | 
         | Red Delicious apples, now, those belong in the dustbin of
         | history :) Perhaps we can do to banana varieties what we did to
         | apples and have nice wide variety to choose from at the store.
        
           | 83 wrote:
           | Red delicious are great for dehydrated apple chips. Though I
           | admit I haven't found any use for them outside of that.
        
           | grogenaut wrote:
           | Fuji, and now cosmic crisp... Red delicious should only exist
           | for pies
        
             | kiliantics wrote:
             | I much prefer pies that are baked with a very tart apple,
             | which mellows out and gives lots of complex flavour when
             | cooked. Back home we had "cooking apples" especially meant
             | for this which were basically inedible when raw. Now I'm in
             | the US and can't find such apples and can't stand the apple
             | pies here that are overly sweet and bland.
        
               | q845712 wrote:
               | hard to find commercially in the US but we tend to call
               | them "crabapples" (many crabapples are too small or only
               | suitable for juicing but some are large enough for
               | culinary use), or you can look for some cider homebrewing
               | enthusiasts who may know how to source tart/dry apples in
               | your area.
        
               | UncleSlacky wrote:
               | This is what you need:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bramley_apple
               | 
               | Apparently the tree is available in the US:
               | 
               | https://www.orangepippintrees.com/trees/apple-
               | trees/bramleys...
        
               | Tagbert wrote:
               | I usually use half Grannie Smith and half something more
               | aromatic in a pie. The Grannie provides firmness and
               | tartness and the other varieties provide more appleiness.
               | I control the sweetness with how much sugar I add,
               | usually using less than the recipes call for.
        
               | jollyllama wrote:
               | Have you tried going to a farmers market? Ask the sellers
               | what apple to use for pie, and they'll direct you to
               | cooking apples. This is especially true if you go to an
               | Amish market.
        
             | klyrs wrote:
             | Red delicious is a terrible pie apple, unless you hate the
             | flavor of apples and only want sugary cinnamonny mush.
        
             | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
             | My favourite apple variety right now is the organic Cripp,
             | aka Pink Lady. Lovely aroma and flavours. I used to eat
             | Granny Smiths in my youth, but they're too tart and green
             | compared to those nice organic Cripps.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | I used to work in a grocery store. I had a conversation with
           | the lady in Floral (she was ancient) about Red Delicious
           | apples. I guess they used to actually be delicious, so she
           | says. Something went wrong over the years.
           | 
           | One thing I can tell you from experience is that they're
           | weirdly resistant to decay. Everything else will go bad in
           | patches. If you've got a bad orange, you've probably got
           | eight partially bad oranges next to it. I saw a bad red
           | delicious apple once, the rest of the case was pristine.
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | > Something went wrong over the years. They're weirdly
             | resistant to decay.
             | 
             | (Nobody expected the research advances in plant physiology,
             | he, he)
             | 
             | Applacadabra! Poof! Flavor will vanish now by invoking the
             | power of science but your beauty will last forever! Take
             | that, snow white's witch!
             | 
             | https://www.agrofresh.com/solutions/harvista/
             | 
             | Yup, we can delay aging in apples and is standard since
             | many decades ago
        
             | ignite wrote:
             | > Something went wrong over the years
             | 
             | Yeah, they bred the for being shippable, over flavor.
             | 
             | https://www.myrecipes.com/how-to/cooking-questions/why-
             | are-r...
             | 
             | Same thing with tomatoes:
             | https://www.wired.co.uk/article/why-do-uk-tomatoes-taste-
             | bad
        
         | unmole wrote:
         | Yeah, no. I'd choose a Robusta Cavendish over a sickly-sweet
         | Chakkarakeli or a mealy Nendran any day.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | LinuxBender wrote:
       | Non-JS Archive [1]
       | 
       | I was actually expecting something different. For me what's wrong
       | with bananas is the mixed bag of health. They have some good
       | nutrients but also 14G of sugar and only 3G of fiber and somehow
       | manage to have 27G of carbohydrates and a GI of 51. 51 is not bad
       | on the Glycemic Index but I personally consider a banana a rare
       | treat.
       | 
       | [1] - https://archive.ph/FjeAB
        
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       (page generated 2023-02-17 23:02 UTC)