[HN Gopher] Hydrogen: Does Earth hold vast stores of a renewable...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Hydrogen: Does Earth hold vast stores of a renewable, carbon-free
       fuel?
        
       Author : onychomys
       Score  : 29 points
       Date   : 2023-02-16 21:43 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | nonethewiser wrote:
       | Yeah, in natural gas deposits
        
         | diggernet wrote:
         | Surprisingly, they are talking about actual hydrogen deposits,
         | in one case 98% pure.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | asimpletune wrote:
         | Natural gas is made of carbon, no?
        
           | gerad wrote:
           | Carbon and hydrogen. CH4 - I believe it's true that most
           | hydrogen today comes out of natural gas deposits [1]. Also
           | helium for that matter [2].
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-
           | production-na...
           | 
           | [2]: https://geology.com/articles/helium/
        
       | Rimintil wrote:
       | I think this is important to note about hydrogen as a 'clean'
       | fuel source:
       | 
       | > Today's hydrogen is "gray," made by reacting methane with steam
       | at high pressures or using fossil fuels in other ways. Those
       | processes emit some 900 million tons of carbon dioxide every
       | year, almost as much as global aviation. In principle, that
       | carbon could be captured and sequestered underground, yielding
       | "blue" hydrogen. But most hopes rest on "green" hydrogen--using
       | renewable solar or wind power to split water molecules into
       | oxygen and hydrogen with electrolyzers.
       | 
       | _Today_, it is not a clean source of energy for vehicles.
        
       | notorandit wrote:
       | Carbon free is not renewable, isn't it?
       | 
       | Wasn't the plan for renewables?
        
       | barathr wrote:
       | I was hoping to see in the article -- but didn't -- an analysis
       | of the CO2e per KJ produced from natural hydrogen. Water vapor is
       | a greenhouse gas and it'd be important to do the math to see how
       | much better it is vs. other alternative fuels. (I expect it to be
       | better, but how much is the question.)
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | Water vapor is a greenhouse gas but it's not a driver of global
         | warming, because of rain. Total water vapor is a function of
         | global temperature, not the other way around. Put extra water
         | vapor in the air, and it will just rain out.
        
         | jojobas wrote:
         | You don't have to release it as vapor. Otherwise energy is
         | energy and depositing it into the atmosphere raises the
         | equilibrium liquid/vapor point.
        
         | sp332 wrote:
         | Putting water into the air at low altitudes doesn't do much for
         | global warming. The best way to reduce the effects of water
         | vapor at high altitudes is... to reduce warming.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#Role_of_water_v...
        
       | onychomys wrote:
       | The HN bot took "Hidden" off the front of this headline, which in
       | this case is probably not the right call on its part. The hidden
       | part is important!
        
         | pvg wrote:
         | You can usually edit the title to fix this, otherwise send an
         | email to the contact address at the bottom of the page.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | hydrobore wrote:
       | I thought it was a really captivating and well written article.
       | News on hydrogen often seems to swing between too expensive to
       | produce and its the future. Out of the blue, news in the UK this
       | week says hydrogen will be added to the natural gas supply from
       | 2025.
        
       | panick21_ wrote:
       | Why this is interesting, we already have such a fuel, we found it
       | 80 years ago and its called Thorium. And Uranium isn't bad
       | either.
       | 
       | And we don't have to find it, every rare earth mine thorws out
       | absurd amounts of it. We have to much of it without even trying.
       | 
       | We just to dumb and lazy to anything with it.
        
       | starbase wrote:
       | In what sense is fossil hydrogen renewable?
        
         | diggernet wrote:
         | "Critically, natural hydrogen may be not only clean, but also
         | renewable. It takes millions of years for buried and compressed
         | organic deposits to turn into oil and gas. By contrast, natural
         | hydrogen is always being made afresh, when underground water
         | reacts with iron minerals at elevated temperatures and
         | pressures. In the decade since boreholes began to tap hydrogen
         | in Mali, flows have not diminished, says Prinzhofer, who has
         | consulted on the project. "Hydrogen appears, almost everywhere,
         | as a renewable source of energy, not a fossil one," he says. "
        
         | Arrath wrote:
         | Good question...uh.. a geological timeframe?
        
       | greenthrow wrote:
       | This is a very poor quality article. Mining the earth for fuel
       | when wind and solar are already the cheapest form of power is
       | really stupid.
        
       | bloppe wrote:
       | Is hydrogen really more renewable though? It releases energy when
       | combined with Oxygen to make water, and it requires energy to
       | split it from water (electrolysis). In this sense, it's not
       | fundamentally different from fuel, which releases energy and
       | carbon when burned, but requires energy (sunlight) and carbon
       | (CO2) to re-create via photosynthesis. The involvement of carbon
       | is a difference, but either way it's a 2-way street; we can't use
       | either of them forever without reversing the process at some
       | point.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | The story is about natural hydrogen produced through water-rock
         | reactions.
         | 
         | This means it can be extracted 'for free' like natural gas and
         | is naturally continually renewed.
        
         | sp332 wrote:
         | _The main engine of natural hydrogen production is now thought
         | to be a set of high-temperature reactions between water and
         | iron-rich minerals such as olivine, which dominate Earth's
         | mantle. One common reaction is called serpentinization, because
         | it converts olivine into another kind of mineral called
         | serpentinite. In the process, the iron oxidizes, grabbing
         | oxygen atoms from water molecules and releasing hydrogen._
         | 
         | So we might run out of olivine at some point, but it's going to
         | be a long time.
        
         | Teknoman117 wrote:
         | I imagine so. The main trouble with the biofuels is that you'd
         | have to get everything else right for it to truly be neutral
         | impact. (i.e. not depleting the soil, making the chemical
         | fertilizer, reactions to convert biomass into ethanol, etc.)
         | 
         | Electrolyzing water with wind/solar/nuclear would seem to
         | result in far fewer steps that could go wrong.
        
         | diggernet wrote:
         | The article talks about how they believe natural processes are
         | constantly refilling the reservoirs. So in this context
         | renewable means potentially not a limited source.
        
       | MithrilTuxedo wrote:
       | If it does, releasing it would cause the exact same problems
       | releasing fossil fuels has caused.
        
         | sp332 wrote:
         | There is one fewer problem, which is that burning hydrogen for
         | fuel doesn't cause global warming.
        
       | jakzurr wrote:
       | So maybe there's a lot, maybe there's not. One quote from the
       | article, though, is so typical:
       | 
       | "We have the concept, we have the tools, the geology. ... We only
       | need people able to invest."
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-02-16 23:00 UTC)