[HN Gopher] QGIS is the mapping software you didn't know you needed
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       QGIS is the mapping software you didn't know you needed
        
       Author : otter-in-a-suit
       Score  : 393 points
       Date   : 2023-02-10 17:37 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (chollinger.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (chollinger.com)
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | The moment I graduated and lost access to ArcGIS I got out QGIS
       | and become ridiculously empowered. Yea Arc has Python APIs for
       | some things but QGIS, while rough in the UI department, gives you
       | powerful access to everything. And it plays so well with other
       | things: check out my presentation on using QGIS in robotics (pdf)
       | https://roscon.ros.org/2018/presentations/ROSCon2018_Unleash...
        
         | jjwiseman wrote:
         | That's a very cool example of somewhat unconventional QGIS use.
        
         | danuker wrote:
         | You could say... you've SLAMmed QGIS onto your robots
         | ( *_*)>[?]#-#       ([?]#_#)
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_localization_and_...
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | QGIS has python bindings that are thin wrappers over the C++
         | bindings. It works well enough that a complete noob like me was
         | able to use it.
        
         | mr337 wrote:
         | I was just thinking the other day of writing a QGIS plugin for
         | handle GNSS data from ROS. Like rviz but more aligned for out
         | application. Very cool!
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | PRs and maintainers welcome! Regrettably I haven't worked on
           | it in years. It hasn't been too important for the direction
           | my job went in. :)
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | Cool presentation, thanks for sharing it.
        
       | geenew wrote:
       | Don't forget, QGIS is one of several projects of OSGeo. A
       | significant part of the fundamentals come from GDAL, another
       | OSGeo project, which is very excellent if you ever need to do
       | some command-line processing of or need a library for raster or
       | vector GIS data.
       | 
       | Their licensing isn't perfect - the QGIS installer, for example,
       | more-or-less requires acceptance of a few free-as-in-beer but
       | still proprietary licenses, which are used for some specific
       | raster formats. Still, it's one of the great free software
       | success stories, I think.
       | 
       | It definitely feels like they will eventually displace ESRI. Most
       | shops will probably keep ESRI around for some format conversions
       | or niche tasks. However, the day-to-day desktop GIS is almost
       | exclusively QGIS in the places I've worked, if only because you
       | can throw it on any machine you want to without worrying about
       | licensing.
        
         | otter-in-a-suit wrote:
         | I did call out GDAL, but missed the whole OSGeo ecosystem, I'm
         | afraid.
         | 
         | Very cool to hear that QGIS is such a prominent piece of
         | software in professional settings! I'm just a software/data
         | engineer who dabbles in this stuff for fun, so I had no idea.
         | Lots of comments here asserting the same thing.
         | 
         | It would be amazing to see OSS (even though not truly FOSS)
         | replace industry giants. I see this happening a lot in my
         | space, where a lot of OSS (mostly Apache, some MIT and
         | consorts) overtakes commercial offerings.
        
           | geenew wrote:
           | > I did call out GDAL
           | 
           | I see that now, sorry!
           | 
           | Excellent article, by the way, it's very useful to have this
           | kind of writeup.
           | 
           | I suspect it's something to do with the distributed
           | installation, and the amount of the required behaviour that
           | is sitting behind completed specifications. Eventually, it
           | will be cheaper for a user to just pay for development of any
           | remaining features they need than pay for licensing. And, the
           | functionality addition is cumulative - pay once, keep
           | forever.
        
       | patwolf wrote:
       | I used QGIS to help me import some terrain into Minecraft. I
       | found a lidar elevation map, used QGIS to visualize it in 3d and
       | tweak some things, and then I was able to use another tool to do
       | the conversion into Minecraft. Definitely an impressive tool.
        
       | mastax wrote:
       | I've been using QGIS a bit for simple things. Viewing OSM road
       | data in a PostGIS database. Viewing geojson files. Everything has
       | been more difficult than I expected, but I think that might just
       | come with the territory. I'm working through _PostGIS in Action_
       | to try to get the requisite background knowledge.
       | 
       | One thing that's frustrated me, and I want to make sure it isn't
       | a misconfiguration on my end, is that QGIS feels really slow. For
       | example, I have a 150MB geojson file which has 300,000 points
       | with associated metadata. Even when I'm zoomed in such that I can
       | only see a few thousand points at a time, if I pan the map over
       | by 50% it takes at least 10 seconds before it loads in the new
       | points. Many long operations seem to take place synchronously on
       | the UI thread, so the whole app is unresponsive while they take
       | place. Clicking the drop down arrow on a PostGIS Schema to view
       | the tables spins for several minutes. No other Postgres tool I
       | have takes that long, so it's not the database. The PostGIS
       | import/export tools were also extremely slow and didn't have
       | progress bars. I'm using 3.24 currently. I don't want to rag on
       | it too hard, but it's really hampered my enthusiasm for working
       | with maps and GIS.
        
         | Bedon292 wrote:
         | QGIS is always a little more difficult than expected. Even as
         | someone with a masters in GIS, its still hard for me to
         | remember where they put things or how to do it. Its extremely
         | powerful but can be extremely frustrating too.
         | 
         | GeoJSON is unfortunately one of the worst formats to keep the
         | data you are using in. Its great for transport and
         | interoperability, but there is no way to index the data in the
         | format. It doesn't matter if you are only drawing a few
         | thousand points, it is still looking through all of them to see
         | which ones to draw.
         | 
         | GIS is awesome, and don't let one tool get you down. If its
         | something interesting to you, there is a lot more to it than
         | just QGIS. Part of my pain with QGIS is because I rarely ever
         | use it so I forget what I learned last time. I spend most of my
         | time purely in python, and don't really need to.
        
         | larodi wrote:
         | No, you're not victim of misconfiguration. QGIS is very slow
         | with large datasets, no matter what source you use (even if you
         | have Oracle with costly Spatial extensions). It is due to some
         | unfortunate design decisions - the app always loads the full
         | dataset from the source, and draws/shaws every single feature.
         | It is possible (through some recent, obscure check in the
         | prefs) to tell it to skip smaller objects when putting
         | everything on the screen, but generally is not possible to tell
         | it "do not load features from PostGIS that are going to render
         | to only few pixels".
         | 
         | Another reason is that the underlying C++ engine is tied in
         | such way with the fairly-large Python codebase, that it seldom
         | uses all CPU cores. so you have a single process app. Add to
         | this the fact that the GPU is not used extensively and you get
         | one very slow APP.
         | 
         | So, yeah, for datasets larger than 50k points its slow on
         | arbitrary hardware. Some analysis are impossible to run unless
         | you go to PostGIS
         | 
         | To be honest, ESRI is not a company that everyone loves, but
         | they really invest into ArcGIS Pro, even though they also are
         | not there yet. Both QGIS and ESRI shy away from spatial SQL
         | which is like times more effective for spatial analysis.
         | 
         | To be honest, QGIS is quite old-school in design, and the core
         | devs know that it would take enormous effort to implement it
         | from scratch... at least the slow parts. The fact that it works
         | and is open source, does the fundamental things you need does
         | not make it the _top_ software. this "opensource ftw" is really
         | stupid when you have to work with hundreds of layers with
         | hundred Ks of points.
        
         | geenew wrote:
         | You'd probably be well-served by exporting to some format with
         | a spatial index. GeoJson is just a textfile, not much better
         | than reading in a CSV. The current recommended format is
         | Geopackage (gpkg), which is based on SQLite.
         | 
         | Edit: agreed on the slowness of DB connections, I've found that
         | too, including for relatively small locally-hosted DBs.
        
           | mastax wrote:
           | Yeah, converting it to gpkg sped it up a lot, thanks!
           | 
           | I assumed that since geojson is completely unsuitable for
           | querying directly, it would load the whole thing into a
           | native in-memory format, but perhaps not.
        
         | maptime wrote:
         | Make sure you have estimated table metadata turned on,
         | otherwise QGIS will run a bunch of queries to understand your
         | tables I believe.
         | 
         | We typically use QGIS as a viewing engine only, if you let
         | postgis do the heavy lifting it's a beautiful setup, especially
         | with a tuned dB and a indexed clustered postgres table
        
           | mastax wrote:
           | > Make sure you have estimated table metadata turned on,
           | otherwise QGIS will run a bunch of queries to understand your
           | tables I believe.
           | 
           | That fixed it, thanks! Looking at the manual, there is a tip
           | that tells you to turn that on, otherwise it will _read the
           | entire table_ to characterize the geometries... It 's a bit
           | mad that the default behavior has it querying potentially
           | gigabytes of information across the network every time you
           | open the app and click a dropdown, with no progress bar. But
           | it's definitely the type of app where you need to read the
           | manual, and it says so right there.
        
         | blacha wrote:
         | I don't think geojson is a great format for anything with more
         | than a few MB of data.
         | 
         | I wanted to see exactly how bad it is with a largeish datasets,
         | so I exported the New Zealand address dataset[1] with ~2.5M
         | points as a geopackage (750MB) QGIS loads this fine its a
         | little slow when viewing the entire country but when zoomed
         | into city level it is almost instant to pan around.
         | 
         | Using ogr2ogr I converted it to ndgeojson (2.5GB), It crashed
         | my QGIS while trying to load it. Using shuf I created a random
         | 100,000 points geojson (~110MB) it was unbearably slow in QGIS
         | while panning around 5+ seconds.
         | 
         | I currently use and recommend flatgeobuf[2] for most of my
         | working datasets as it is super quick and doesn't need sqlite
         | to read (eg in a browser).
         | 
         | It is also super easy to convert to/from with ogr2ogr
         | 
         | ogr2ogr -f flatgeobuf output.fgb input.geojson
         | 
         | [1] https://data.linz.govt.nz/layer/105689-nz-addresses/data/
         | [2] https://github.com/flatgeobuf/flatgeobuf
        
           | moomoo11 wrote:
           | Can't you use clustering techniques?
        
       | jFriedensreich wrote:
       | This piece of software brings back fond memories. It was just
       | amazing to discover this after struggling for days with
       | commercial ill fit tools and suddenly feeling i could do anything
       | imaginable. We used this to model and visualize malaria cases and
       | population distribution and plan health care monitoring in
       | liberia. I think the only thing comparable to this feeling is
       | discovering VLC to play video files as a teenager.
        
         | harabat wrote:
         | I'm trying to find a good project to work on to start learning
         | QGIS, and what you described sounds interesting. Would you
         | happen to have a write-up of this?
        
       | jtmiclat wrote:
       | Just FYI for all QGIS fans, QGIS had a recent call for funding.
       | 
       | https://blog.qgis.org/2023/01/16/crowd-funding-call-2023/
        
         | CSSer wrote:
         | This took me way too long to find: https://donate.qgis.org/
        
           | luketaylor wrote:
           | Looks like they have Github sponsors set up too:
           | https://github.com/qgis/QGIS
        
       | n8cpdx wrote:
       | Disclosure: I work for Esri, creator of ArcGIS, so obviously I'm
       | extremely biased. But I'm not in sales, just a lowly dev fwiw.
       | 
       | QGIS is great software, and I respect what they're doing.
       | 
       | ArcGIS Online is a pretty great option and the Living Atlas [1]
       | makes it really easy to consume a lot of data (a bunch of NASA
       | datasets were recently added) and make cool maps. ArcGIS Online
       | ends up being almost like Dropbox for geographic data, but
       | instead of just files you can get full services, and a suite of
       | apps for taking advantage of the services. That includes taking
       | maps offline, making field edits, and syncing them (although that
       | starts to cost money).
       | 
       | You can try the map tool without signing in, and that gives you a
       | good idea of what you can do in the browser (custom popups,
       | charts, tables, filtering, symbology, clustering, cartographic
       | blending, etc).
       | https://www.arcgis.com/apps/mapviewer/index.html?layers=dece...
       | 
       | The personal use subscription is $100/year and includes the full
       | desktop software and cloud storage. [2]
       | 
       | [1] https://livingatlas.arcgis.com/en/browse/#d=2 [2]
       | https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/arcgis-for-person...
       | 
       | edit: forgot to mention there is a great developer story:
       | https://developers.arcgis.com/javascript/latest/sample-code/
        
         | cavisne wrote:
         | This has been downvoted but I have to say, living atlas seems
         | like an awesome resource
        
         | erremerre wrote:
         | ArcGIS is painfully slow. To apply symbology, you need to go to
         | toolbox, select apply symbology, select the layers, select the
         | symbology file, then make sure to select maintain ranges which
         | for an absolute no sense reason is not the default, then click
         | on apply.
         | 
         | ArcGIS then proceeds to apply symbology one layer at a time,
         | taking between 30 to 75 seconds per layer to apply it.
         | 
         | In QGIS, right click in layer, copy symbology, select other
         | layers right click, paste symbology. Done in 3 seconds.
         | 
         | And like that I could be hours and hours talking about similar
         | experiences.
         | 
         | ArcGIS might be much more powerful, but honestly it isn't worth
         | spending 45 minutes to what in QGIS can be done in 5 minutes.
        
           | n8cpdx wrote:
           | That's interesting, which product and version of ArcGIS were
           | you using?
        
         | kilolima wrote:
         | Is this an advertisement for esri or a meaningful comment on
         | using QGIS?
        
           | n8cpdx wrote:
           | A lot of people this post are trying to reach don't know
           | about ArcGIS. As someone who does know about the GIS field,
           | it is frustrating to see post after post about how to do GIS
           | the hard way. The article is fine, but the whole process
           | could have been much easier using the ArcGIS system, and
           | instead of a PDF you'd get full REST services and a suite of
           | apps to work with them.
           | 
           | This post doesn't mention ArcGIS at all, except for as a data
           | source that your county government probably uses.
           | 
           | I remember when I didn't know about ArcGIS and thought it was
           | cool to build apps that put points on MapBox maps - which I
           | later found out is a waste of time, because ArcGIS already
           | does that job well.
           | 
           | I think this post leaves people with the impression that GIS
           | is niche, or difficult, or not accessible to lay users. My
           | personal opinion is that recent advancements in Web GIS make
           | the field about as accessible to people as things like word
           | processing, while QGIS is stuck in the ArcMap days, catering
           | exclusively to trained GIS professionals.
           | 
           | It is absolutely meaningful to point out that you don't need
           | to be a trained data engineer to do this kind of work, and
           | that this 4,000 word journey could have been done in 10
           | minutes of clicking around user-friendly software.
        
         | clumsysmurf wrote:
         | I was about to buy the personal use subscription until I
         | learned ArcGIS doesn't run on macOS (unless you use parallels
         | or bootcamp).
         | 
         | Are there any plans for a native macOS version? For someone
         | that wants to learn more about GIS in general, does the web
         | version have what is needed?
        
           | n8cpdx wrote:
           | I think you can get very far with ArcGIS Online. There are
           | things you can only do in ArcGIS Pro, but basically
           | everything shown in the article (and a lot more) can be done
           | in the browser. And you get a great set of apps (including
           | Field Maps and QuickCapture) for field editing/data capture.
           | 
           | In my personal experience with using ArcGIS, I have only
           | needed Pro in two situations. The first is when I'm trying to
           | georeference a raster (I just bought one from SkyFi). The
           | second is when I've bought a tutorial book that is based
           | around ArcGIS Pro (e.g. Modern Policing Using ArcGIS Pro).
           | 
           | If you want to learn ArcGIS and not rely on Pro, you can
           | visit the learn site and filter to just ArcGIS Online:
           | https://learn.arcgis.com/en/gallery/#?p=agol
           | 
           | I won't say more, but I have personally been impressed by the
           | rate of improvement in feature capability in ArcGIS Online. I
           | am not aware of any plans to move Pro to macOS, I feel your
           | pain there.
        
             | crtified wrote:
             | What is the justification for paywalling a very basic, old
             | GIS function like Raster Georeferencing into an expensive
             | "Pro" category?
        
               | dvisca wrote:
               | ArcGIS Pro is just the name for the current iteration of
               | a desktop suite (after ArcMap). ArcGIS Online lacks many
               | of the ,,classic" GIS features, especially raster
               | features.
        
               | n8cpdx wrote:
               | I think it's just that the web map viewer is a new
               | product and that feature hasn't been implemented yet (but
               | I'm not on that team and don't know their roadmap). And
               | it's not really a paywall thing since the personal use
               | license gets you both online and desktop apps including
               | Pro.
        
             | anakaine wrote:
             | ArcGIS online is absolutely not an alternative to ArcGIS
             | Pro. Not even close. Nobody spending more than a small
             | amount of time using GIS beyond being an end user is going
             | to find online a worthy replacement for Pro. It's a
             | publishing platform with a few analytical tools that each
             | cost credits to run, not a spatial sciences package. Online
             | is good for data capture and integration, but not for
             | someone who wants to perform regular or more complex
             | analytics.
             | 
             | There are currently no plans to rewrite ArcgGIS pro for M1
             | mac hardware according to ESRI. The move to Pro should have
             | made it much easier to do, but its still a huge task.
             | 
             | The ESRI community have recently had a lot of success with
             | M1/2 hardware, Parallels 17+, Windows 11 arm, and ArcGIS
             | Pro. Just note that you won't be making 3d videos with it
             | comfortably. Everything else seems to be working very well.
        
             | Jill_the_Pill wrote:
             | I feel like Online can do just about nothing with rasters
             | or raster analysis, and that is fully half of GIS.
        
           | kilolima wrote:
           | Good question! Also why isn't there a Linux version? Maybe
           | there is some collusion somewhere between two of the major
           | monopolies in desktop computing?
        
             | anakaine wrote:
             | Their server offering includes Linux.
             | 
             | Their desktop version doesn't. Their target audience is
             | large to very large enterprise. Their customer base is
             | overwhelmingly windows based. They know this, so they've
             | shrunk their dev costs to account for it.
        
           | ecommerceguy wrote:
           | I installed ArcGIS "home edition" in Windows 10 for Arm on an
           | M1 via Parallels and it performs rather well. QGis has never
           | really been my thing, I guess I learned Arc (3.2) at too
           | young an age and this old dog wont (no time) learn new
           | tricks.
        
       | noja wrote:
       | https://anna.ps/blog/how-to-use-land-registry-data-to-explor...
        
       | ad404b8a372f2b9 wrote:
       | I used to program python plugins for QGIS, I really miss it. It
       | made me feel really useful, I'd write visualization algorithms
       | one day and the next it was deployed to the whole company and
       | people would email me telling me how much easier it made their
       | job. I don't think I've ever felt this valued since, every other
       | job I had was a small part of a big whole.
       | 
       | I'd kill to find a full remote job doing that.
        
         | lukeqsee wrote:
         | Can you email me luke <at> stadiamaps.com? I would _love_ to
         | chat about QGIS plugins, and we may be able to sponsor you to
         | build one.
        
       | hawski wrote:
       | I would like QGIS to have a REPL with autocompletion.
       | 
       | Where do people with QGIS knowledge hang out (especially devs)?
        
         | trynewideas wrote:
         | https://thespatialcommunity.org/ and
         | https://discord.com/invite/nkmGYttFhH to start.
        
         | glonq wrote:
         | What coordinate system would you like the answer in? ;)
        
           | defrost wrote:
           | Ideally a conformal mapping projection with minimum scale
           | error.
           | 
           | I'm saddened that complex-number polynomial expansion fell
           | out of vogue and fear that was the last wall that kept the
           | muggles out of hard core map projections.
        
       | alanbernstein wrote:
       | I was excited when I learned about a way to create custom
       | georeferenced map PDFs (say, based on an official, but not
       | georeferenced, national park map document). It used qgis, plus
       | one or two other open source tools. It seemed straightforward, if
       | a bit tedious. But I was never able to get the resulting files to
       | work properly on my Android device. The instructions said to use
       | an app called avenza maps, which would understand the
       | georeference data, and show your maps, other maps, plus routes
       | and tracks, all on one display. It just didn't work consistently
       | for me, sadly.
       | 
       | From what I understood, qgis was doing its job properly. It was a
       | neat tool. I guess the whole stack for this use case was just too
       | fragile.
        
       | amluto wrote:
       | I'm slowly making a map of my back yard in QGIS. One annoyance: I
       | live in a place where tectonic movement over my expected lifespan
       | is significant on the scale of my map. And so are the supposed
       | inaccuracies in various coordinate systems. (I want to record
       | where things are so I can find them again without digging big
       | holes!)
       | 
       | As far as I can tell, QGIS has no particular understanding of
       | either a coordinate relative to the (moving!) crust or of a
       | coordinate in space-time that can be projected to space at future
       | or past times. Surely this should be a thing!
       | 
       | I found HTDP, a web tool that can shift coordinates forward and
       | back in time:
       | 
       | https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/TOOLS/Htdp/Htdp.shtml
       | 
       | And I found this discussion:
       | 
       | https://www.gpsworld.com/the-effects-of-tectonic-plate-movem...
       | 
       | But I haven't found anything easy to use.
       | 
       | (I have an RTK-capable GPS and NTRIP data via UNAVCO from a
       | nearby CORS station. I was hoping that storing position relative
       | to such-and-such CORS station as it was on such--and-such date
       | would be straightforwardly doable in QGIS.)
        
         | somat wrote:
         | I am doing the same, Mainly I wanted to record where pipes and
         | such are located but might as well record buildings, fences and
         | trees while there. I was not worried about geologic movement
         | but all the global coordinate systems felt very clunky when
         | locally mapping at the centimeter level, I finally settled on
         | having a well defined surveyed reference point, and using
         | meters north and east off that.
         | 
         | Perhaps that would work for you. because while the plate is
         | shifting with respect to the globe, everything on that plate
         | will maintain the same relative position.
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | Wow, that makes three of us!
           | 
           | I set up my own NTRIP base station at a fixed point in the
           | middle of my roof with a hefty bracket, did a PPP survey to
           | determine its location once, and am considering everything
           | relative to that. This spring when I'm back at the surveying,
           | I'll likely do another PPP run and make sure it hasn't moved
           | too much. If it has, I guess I'll have to figure out how to
           | reconcile that. From what I've gathered, I don't think this
           | is too far off from how real surveying works.
           | 
           | I didn't see much reason to use a different unit than
           | degrees. Although while I haven't gotten super in depth
           | learning QGIS, it feels like there's an impedance mismatch in
           | that it seems to be a 2D program that treats degrees as
           | linear units (and then applies a fudge factor to degrees
           | longitude), rather than a native 3D program. So I'm doing all
           | of my collection, point storage, and calculation with scripts
           | outside of QGIS, and then only pushing the cooked results to
           | QGIS for visualization.
        
             | amluto wrote:
             | I don't have a good sense for how far one needs to be from
             | one's NTRIP base station, but I'm pretty happy with the
             | UNAVCO data I'm getting. The nearest station is operated by
             | Serious Professionals, and it won't move if I mess around
             | with my roof. :)
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | I've got a professional base station that's decently
               | close, but still far enough to degrade the accuracy a bit
               | (I forget the exact figure but you can find it if you
               | search). When I used the professional base station to
               | figure out the point and compared it to what PPP had
               | found, it seemed to be within that amount of error.
               | 
               | I chose the part of the roof least likely to be
               | disrupted. But if I do need to move it, then I'll have to
               | figure out exactly how I want to map to points going
               | forward.
        
           | oh_sigh wrote:
           | Instead of a reference + north/east meters, how about two
           | reference points, and then everything is referenced as polar
           | coordinates from there, point A to point B being 0 degrees.
           | My concern would be if the direction of north/east changed
           | over time from the plate movement.
        
         | LeonB wrote:
         | Wow that's a pretty interesting (and scary) challenge.
         | 
         | I know that the coordinate systems get revised every few years.
         | In Australia we used to use AGD83 then it was revised to GDA94
         | and more recently to GDA2020 -- and this was to account for
         | tectonic shifts. And there's calculations for transforming from
         | one to the other.
         | 
         | That's the only clues I have on that side of things and I've
         | forgotten most of what I've known.
        
           | anakaine wrote:
           | Keep in mind too that GDA2020 has an inbuilt calculation for
           | drift and will keep your coordinates up to date as time
           | progresses.
        
             | amluto wrote:
             | I didn't find anything in QGIS to give a layer a CRS and an
             | associated date, so I'm not sure how coordinate systems
             | like this are expected to work properly.
        
           | LeonB wrote:
           | Also there's a concept called "rubber sheeting" for
           | transforming points where you know the amount of error at a
           | bunch of points and you want to transform all the other
           | points by interpolating how much error there would be at
           | those points. The might be useful too, if you're implementing
           | a solution yourself.
        
             | trynewideas wrote:
             | Specifically https://plugins.qgis.org/plugins/VectorBender/
        
       | twelvechairs wrote:
       | QGIS is absolutely one of the biggest open source success
       | stories. Its interesting to see the funding and delivery of new
       | features is largely done in Europe where in the US it is extrmely
       | hard to not use ESRI products.
       | 
       | A couple of packages used by qgis worth calling out - postgis
       | which really grew up with qgis, and pdal which is a relatively
       | new but incredible package for working with point cloud data.
        
         | Helmut10001 wrote:
         | Yes, Europe is going the OSS path. I work at University and
         | almost everyone I know in GIS fields switched to QGIS in the
         | past 5 years. Most government departments are also (trying) to
         | switch, some succeeded already (others are waiting for
         | important people to enter pension, so their replacements are
         | more OSS minded).
        
       | idleprocess wrote:
       | I love exploring open GIS datasets with QGIS. It's incredible
       | what this tool can do and I keep discovering new features or
       | plugins all the time, which keeps it interesting. The amount of
       | publicly available GIS data combined with tools like QGIS and
       | PostGIS can be a big time saver. I don't work in the space, but
       | occasionally run into problems requiring some form of support for
       | geospatial data. Need a list of US cities and postal codes along
       | with their respective coordinates? Easy. Find the dataset, import
       | into QGIS, export to PostGIS. Done.
        
       | nobleach wrote:
       | QGIS and PostGIS were my jam when I worked in that space. We were
       | an ESRI shop so Oracle/SQL Server with SDE (topped with ArcGIS)
       | were the official tools. Some of us were always looking for ways
       | to subvert the culture by building tools based on open source
       | stacks.
       | 
       | One of my favorite experiences from that era: We were meeting
       | with a few ESRI reps for some integration stuff. The lead hot-
       | shot was on his phone playing around during the meeting. He was
       | basically on autopilot. The other two folks were working with
       | GeoJSON response convertors. I said, "I built one of those with
       | TopoJSON". One guy said, "I've never heard of it". I showed them
       | how it was much more efficient and used splines instead of
       | points. The lead dropped his phone and said, "I need you to tell
       | me MORE about that". I showed them the service. They invited me
       | to lunch, I politely declined and said, "today's my last day so I
       | have a ton of things to wrap up". I do miss that realm sometimes.
        
         | whoopdeepoo wrote:
         | ESRI is a scourge on the GIS industry. One of the creators of
         | postgis can say it much better than I can.
         | 
         | https://blog.cleverelephant.ca/2018/11/esri-dominates.html
        
           | jakear wrote:
           | Is there a better option for raw base tilesets? When making
           | my app mapping world tides (https://solunar.pages.dev) I
           | tried OSM for instance but it only had raster tiles at LoDPI
           | resolutions available. ESRI on the other hand had full vector
           | support in a variety of formats^ and provided great docs for
           | integrating with FOSS rendering toolkits. The free tier seems
           | generous, though once it runs out the price increases
           | _sharply_.
           | 
           | ^ For instance, a really neat one that renders ocean features
           | in as much detail as the land typically gets
        
             | kabes wrote:
             | Load osm data in postgres and generate the tiles yourself
             | with something like geoserver/mapserver
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | The cost and effort of deploying something like that in
               | production is decidedly non-trivial. I know because I've
               | done it. Unless you need the customization and
               | flexibility such a solution offers, it's rarely worth it.
        
             | dinkumthinkum wrote:
             | Well, the main other player here is Mapbox.
        
               | jakear wrote:
               | Mapbox's free tier is an order of magnitude less
               | permissive. They even charge for loading their
               | JavaScript: $5 per kiloload! Feels like the best approach
               | if I'm not trying to commercialize is just to encourage
               | people to self-host using their own API key.
               | 
               | Assuming the service ever even gets to 2M tile
               | requests/month. That alone would be quite the
               | accomplishment.
               | 
               | Though with Gaia going to hell, something new needs to
               | come along.
        
           | RosanaAnaDana wrote:
           | The educational world needs to stop supporting them.
        
             | 2devnull wrote:
             | Yes, that is the apex of their human capital Ponzi scheme.
             | But, you'd have to wait until the current profs who only
             | know esri retire. Or until they put in the effort to learn
             | how to use foss tools. The only motivation they might have,
             | is a strong belief in foss or pressure from students who
             | know esri is a trap.
        
               | dinkumthinkum wrote:
               | That's not a very good take. Esri is not a Ponzi scheme
               | in any way. There isn't an alternative for serious GIS.
               | QGIS is a good open source tool but it is nowhere near
               | esri.
        
               | tarotuser wrote:
               | As a systems engineer who was hired explicitly for a
               | massive migration from 2 disparate ArcGIS Enterprise
               | environments to an AWS one...
               | 
               | Yeah, there's a massive amount of essential features just
               | missing from OSM and QGIS. Like, even the most basic -
               | layers. They don't even really exist in OSM side of
               | things. Whereas if I'm doing travel-time-bands from
               | medical centers, I absolutely must use multiple boundary
               | layers.
               | 
               | Then again, I'm an engineer, not a data scientist. My
               | colleagues (all data scientists) do all sorts of crazy
               | awesome work. Again, unless you're hacking R/python code
               | and piecemeal it together, you're using ArcGIS. Then
               | again, "ArcGIS Notebook" is a dockerized Jupiter system
               | for doing just that in ArcGIS enterprise.
               | 
               | edit: As for me personally, since I'm working in
               | geoinformatics, I've been teaching myself the hows and
               | whats. Im pretty proficient at both ArcGIS and QGis, as
               | I'm trying to learn them side by side.
               | 
               | If I am doing my own projects, I will use QGis. That's
               | not even a discussion. I'm not about to use proprietary
               | systems to lock up my data.
        
               | sohnakukkar wrote:
               | Can you elaborate why layers are needed in travel time
               | band type analysis?
        
             | nwallin wrote:
             | The business world needs to stop supporting Microsoft
             | Office. The creative world needs to stop supporting Adobe
             | Photoshop. The industrial design world needs to stop
             | supporting Solidworks/AutoCAD. Everyone needs to stop
             | supporting Microsoft Windows/Apple OSX. etc.
             | 
             | I've been telling people for years they should be using
             | GIMP and Linux but nobody cares. At least Oracle's
             | stranglehold seems to be weakening.
        
               | heliodor wrote:
               | Have GIMP developers ever discussed usability? Because it
               | sure doesn't show!
               | 
               | The alternative to Photoshop is that I gave $40 to
               | Pixelmator and now I have an awesome photo editor that
               | does plenty.
        
             | gonzo41 wrote:
             | You can add matlab to that list.
        
             | dinkumthinkum wrote:
             | What is the alternative for serious GIS? Why should they
             | stop?
        
             | dvisca wrote:
             | But it's the other way around. Esri offers so much in the
             | education sector apart from software licenses in a complete
             | package, which you unfortunately have to search for in the
             | FOSS sector.
        
           | walrus01 wrote:
           | Sounds remarkably similar to Oracle, or other "too big to
           | fail" things that sell ridiculously priced software to CTOs.
        
             | retcond wrote:
             | It's not the software licensing, but the independent
             | consulting entourage that's the problem : internal
             | confidential big four accountancy information told to me
             | without any applicable restrictions on my repeating this
             | put the cost of each Oracle database _instance_ deployed in
             | the F500 at over one hundred million dollars, due to the
             | third party make work.
             | 
             | Ed. "deployed"/"deployment" 0400GMT
        
           | isoprophlex wrote:
           | Not having done much in terms of GIS work, I never had to
           | deal with ESRI until last week.
           | 
           | I was on a call to ask some ESRI rep to add some labeled
           | points to my client's existing map tool. It was a somewhat
           | surreal, weird experience where I got the feeling they were
           | making the work seem much more difficult than it was. Their
           | estimate turned out to insanely off the (my) mark, at eye-
           | watering hourly rates.
           | 
           | At first I thought they had enough business and didn't really
           | care about us. But reading this thread, it seems I was wrong.
           | They are the Oracle of the GIS industry.
        
             | dagw wrote:
             | In their (possible) defence, stepping outside the the
             | narrow ESRI path of the way you're supposed to do things
             | makes your life a massive pain. I used to work for a
             | company that (among other things) developed tools for
             | clients on top of ArcGIS Online. And I've had many calls
             | where a client asks for a small and very reasonable change,
             | and I embarrassingly have to explain that that is not the
             | 'approved' way doing things in ArcGIS Online, so trying to
             | make that change will essentially require us to rewrite a
             | whole lot of components more or less from scratch and might
             | no even be possible.
             | 
             | I've spent a large number of hours trying to fight ESRI
             | software, lost more fights than I've won and even my
             | victories have mostly been pyrrhic.
        
             | rat9988 wrote:
             | Adding labels to a map in a readable fashion is not an easy
             | thing. ArcGis solutions, last time I tried, were way better
             | in this space than QGis.
        
           | TimTheTinker wrote:
           | That author doesn't say Esri is a scourge; more like it's
           | just generally bad to have only 1 provider in a space -- and
           | that it's up to customers to change that by voting with their
           | feet.
           | 
           | I think Esri is (and has been) in a very similar position to
           | Microsoft's in the late 1990s -- having achieved market
           | dominance, they feel like open source software is the biggest
           | threat to their business. But I think the presence of QGIS is
           | creating competition, which is nothing but good for the
           | industry.
           | 
           | (I worked as a developer for Esri for 15 years)
        
             | 7952 wrote:
             | ESRI have similar network effect to Microsoft. No
             | individual product is that great but taken together it is
             | very competitive. And ArcGIS online is developing that
             | network effect in a similar way to Office 365.
             | 
             | Also, the GIS space tends to have crossover between
             | different departments in companies. You have a mix of IT
             | departments, GIS specialists outside of IT departments
             | managing infrastructure, data management, casual users etc.
             | Each has a different budget and a different competitive
             | environment. ESRI sits as a compromise between these
             | different groups. Each group may be able to adopt a
             | competitor but not gain traction outside their group.
        
         | tomrod wrote:
         | I love QGIS. It's like a super useful Excel of mapping, and so
         | much more.
         | 
         | I've had difficulty making it work for production services
         | (especially extensions). Ultimately moved more towards the
         | Python/OSM stack.
         | 
         | Such a fun space.
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | What made it problematic to run in prod for you?
        
         | LeonB wrote:
         | Splines instead of points -- boom! That sounds awesome.
        
       | jokoon wrote:
       | I remember trying it once, it's quite bloated.
       | 
       | I'd rather use simplified command line things instead.
       | 
       | For example I don't even remember how to generate raster tiles if
       | I want to host my own maps, I don't think openstreetmap
       | distribute the software they use to make their tiles, out they
       | don't really document how to do it.
       | 
       | So like most open source initiatives, it's not all good.
        
         | urschrei wrote:
         | QGIS isn't bloated, it's a big tool for a big problem space.
         | You can't use "simplified command line things" for a vast
         | majority of GIS tasks, if only because they require visual
         | interactivity.
         | 
         | That having been said, why on earth would you want to use a GUI
         | application to generate raster tiles? The only input required
         | is an extent and a zoom level. Use GDAL or any of ten other
         | free and open-source command-line tools readily available.
         | 
         | It sounds like you're leaving a dismissive drive-by comment
         | rooted largely in your misunderstanding of a large and complex
         | field with use cases which are largely disjoint. Analysts need
         | GUIs and a lot of different analytics tools. People making web
         | maps don't.
        
       | chaps wrote:
       | Oh very, very much yes. I've been using QGIS for about five years
       | now as the first step in doing any sort of visualization work
       | around GIS data. Better to trust a GIS application than my own
       | bad d3 code :). It's also been absolutely fantastic for changing
       | projections, changing resolutions, merging GIS files, things like
       | that.
       | 
       | My only complaint about it is that it can be a little bit slow
       | sometimes. It has to redraw _everything_ if you zoom in. That 's
       | especially annoying if you're working with data that has millions
       | of multilines or points. But, as a prototyping engine, that's
       | kind of expected and still better than paying for ArcGIS.
        
       | grahar64 wrote:
       | QGIS is great, used it to cut out laser cut maps as presents for
       | my neighbors. Has a steep learning curve but ton of online help.
        
       | glonq wrote:
       | Our project is not big enough to justify tools like ArcGIS.
       | Previously I'd used Global Mapper, which is also commercial but
       | is somewhat more reasonably priced.
       | 
       | But I recently gave QGIS a shot and am very happy with what it
       | can do. And the price is right!
        
       | tonyarkles wrote:
       | A couple of years ago I started working with drones and writing a
       | bunch of custom software. One of my pet peeves in the drone
       | industry is that a ton of stuff uses "reinvented wheels" that are
       | drone-specific or product-specific instead of just riffing on
       | open standards. Given that, I decided to spend a day or two and
       | do a bit of a survey of the different open standards that are
       | available around kind of the GIS/mapping world, the aviation
       | world, etc.
       | 
       | At this point I didn't even know about QGIS, but I was happy that
       | instead of reinventing the wheel I already had well-defined file
       | formats etc. to work with. QGIS came a little bit later when I
       | had a bunch of data to analyze. My image metadata wasn't exactly
       | right for QGIS (and couldn't have been done that way in real-time
       | anyway), but a 3-line shell script using GDAL converted all of my
       | images into something QGIS could load and draw directly overlaid
       | on top of Google Maps. My flight plans were all done in annotated
       | GeoJSON, which QGIS happily loaded as-is and helpfully split it
       | into the layers I had used under the hood as my data encoding.
       | There were a couple of files that were just plain-old CSV, and
       | QGIS happily ingested those and drew them as points and lines and
       | line segments as appropriate.
       | 
       | It's phenomenally good. Some other people in this discussion have
       | mentioned that the UI is a bit rough and I can't disagree with
       | that, although I feel the same way about the commercial tools
       | too. It's a power tool for sure, but it doesn't take too long to
       | figure out the quirks and build yourself a workflow.
        
       | crtified wrote:
       | I spent a decade in the GIS space, ending back around the final
       | days of ArcGIS 9.x, or very early days of 10.x. I also remember
       | various alternative and early open source efforts of the time.
       | 
       | Then, about a year ago, after several years away from the scene,
       | I got some mojo back and started investigating modern QGIS. I was
       | very pleasantly surprised, it immediately felt like an upgrade
       | from what I used to use. And also felt like coming home, in that
       | it was obvious and intuitive how to accomplish the standard
       | functions. If someone had put me in (that famous thing) a
       | blindfolded time machine for a zero-year trip, popped me out, put
       | me in front of QGIS and said "Welcome! This is ArcGIS 9.6!", it
       | wouldn't have been at all unbelievable. If you know what I mean.
       | 
       | No it's not perfect. Casually and hastily wing your way around a
       | project, copypasting here and there, setting up all kinds of
       | parameters and advanced display bits&bobs, and - like most
       | complex geospatial software - you'll, once in awhile, find
       | yourself unceremoniously dumped out onto the desktop with a
       | software error. So a highly robust and restore-able workflow is
       | still essential. But regardless it's up there with the very best
       | packages I've ever used.
        
         | Bedon292 wrote:
         | Interesting, I have had the opposite experience to that. I
         | spend a lot of time in ArcGIS late 9.x. and early 10.x and QGIS
         | is not even remotely intuitive to me. You can drop me in ArcGIS
         | Desktop or Pro years later and I can still intuit how to do
         | everything, but I have to Google how to do anything in QGIS.
        
         | anakaine wrote:
         | If you can, get yourself in front of an up to date version of
         | ArcGIS Pro for a little while. The user interface will feel
         | entirely different, and some people don't like it because it's
         | different, but the entire package feels significantly better.
         | 
         | Importantly, a good deal, though not all, of the infuriatingly
         | frustrating "random esri error for who knows what reason"
         | issues have been resolved, and continue to improve.
        
       | LeonB wrote:
       | Every field has its own "occupational hazards" - I found that
       | with maps and mapping the maps themselves were so fascinating,
       | you could get drawn in and lose a lot of time just... exploring I
       | guess.
       | 
       | QGis is great, lots of tools are nice. Generally ESRI sucks up
       | all the oxygen and leaves not enough for innovation and
       | implementations from anyone else. There are a lot of features and
       | capabilities needed in the Geospatial world that do not have
       | reliable, rock-solid open source implementations. (I could've
       | provided examples a few years ago but now I've forgotten the
       | important details and only have opinions left)
        
       | a1371 wrote:
       | A couple of weeks ago I got a point cloud file with no clue about
       | how to open it. Sure enough QGIS came to rescue and I learned it
       | has a 3D view as well. I'm grateful for it :)
        
       | sideband wrote:
       | QGIS is fantastic and that team deserves a lot of praise for
       | their work over the years. However, the article calls out using
       | KML as a data source and unfortunately QGIS does not have the
       | best support for KML. One of the reasons KML is still around
       | despite it's faults is because a KML author can easily design a
       | UI for their data in Google Earth, organizing data by folders
       | with descriptions, including pre-defined views and image overlays
       | among other things (a basic example here:
       | https://kmzview.com/5qBGblENff4w0RkQf89J). Then, anybody who
       | opens that KML in Google Earth gets that same UI. There are a
       | _lot_ of casual consumers of this type of data and this
       | experience is powerful for them. I think QGIS could really
       | broaden their appeal to this casual user base by supporting these
       | well-loved KML features.
        
         | otter-in-a-suit wrote:
         | TIL. I used what I got from my rural county's website / GIS
         | (hence kml) - I wonder if I could get proper shape files by
         | calling their GIS department.
        
           | dvdkon wrote:
           | Shapefiles are no more proper than KML, I'd even say KML is a
           | better format, since it's a single file and doesn't have the
           | archaic name limitations of SHP.
        
             | anakaine wrote:
             | KMLs do not have a spatial index. Reading a properly
             | constructed shapefile with 2m points is fine, and running a
             | SQL query on it is also fine. Trying to do that with an xml
             | based file is not fine. Each of the major GIS packages
             | spends quite a bit of effort to convert kml to an in memory
             | spatially indexed dataset on ingestion. Shapefile
             | conversely does not have to sit entirely in memory to still
             | be reasonably quick.
             | 
             | Shapefiles do have the anyone field name length limit,
             | among a few other things, but alternate formats that
             | recognise that issue have existed and been popular for well
             | over 20 years.
             | 
             | In other news, geopackage is based upon sqllite, supports
             | long field names, a good assortment of data types, and is
             | finding good adoption among many facets of spatial products
             | from desktop to scripting, etc.
        
             | dinkumthinkum wrote:
             | Shapefiles are faster to read.
        
         | larodi wrote:
         | use PostGIS with proper spatial indices, and properly tuned if
         | you have to take the QGIS way. and remember that spatial SQL is
         | always better than using python-based analysis. particularly
         | with newer versions of Postgre where there is chance that the
         | queries be parallelized.
        
       | zzleeper wrote:
       | I'm quite late to the thread, but has anyone found out a way to
       | use QGIS programmatically?
       | 
       | For research you often want to write routines that you can re-run
       | in the future (replicability, reproductibility, etc.) and it's
       | very easy to do so with statistical software (Stata, R, even Py)
       | but with QGIS I just have a README saying "click here, click
       | there, etc.". Tried to wrap everything in a QGIS Python script
       | once, but it was impossible as there was not a one-to-one
       | translation between clicks and code.
        
         | ungawatkt wrote:
         | It wasn't 1-1 with clicks, and it took a ton of trial and
         | error, but I managed to get there eventually with a project.
         | Here's the passable write up I made for it, theres a link to
         | the final script towards the end, hopefully theres enough to be
         | helpful.
         | 
         | https://www.odinseye.cloud/musings/qgis_scripting/
        
       | jug wrote:
       | Meanwhile, some of us are sad sods stuck on having chosen to
       | integrate with MapInfo once upon a time...
        
       | Phithagoras wrote:
       | QGIS is great, I use it daily and I hugely prefer it (and it's
       | mobile equivalent Qfield) to ArcGIS and FieldMaps.
       | 
       | The educational world is pretty split between ArcGIS and QGIS.
       | Students don't want to pay over $100 for a yearly ArGIS student
       | license, but more advanced geostatistical analysis isn't
       | supported yet on QGIS. Progress is slower in industry, especially
       | in larger companies. Other critical software like Autodesk,
       | Vulcan, DESWICK, MODFLOW, and Leapfrog already work (somewhat)
       | smoothly with ArcGIS.
       | 
       | QGIS is just another thing to go wrong in managers minds, and
       | there is zero opensource progress in developing applications as
       | powerful as QGIS in geomatics adjacent fields.
        
       | hfbff wrote:
       | >A note for my European friends - some of these links might not
       | work from outside the US, as some .gov links tend not to.
       | 
       | Is the author assuming you're either from the US or European if
       | you're reading the blog?
        
         | otter-in-a-suit wrote:
         | I usually post these on LinkedIn and send them to friends -
         | didn't expect this to gain traction on HN!
         | 
         | I'm originally from Germany, hence the bias towards readers
         | from Europe. :)
        
       | joxel wrote:
       | Getting paid to do GIS made me realize I needed to learn to code
       | because it sucked
        
         | shoo wrote:
         | Do you still do GIS through code or have you escaped entirely?
        
       | lukeqsee wrote:
       | QGIS is the swiss army knife of geospatial computing.
       | 
       | I use it daily, and frequently, for all sorts of work building a
       | location API SaaS company. It's a sterling success of open
       | source, on par with as impactful as Linux, for the geospatial
       | world (IMO).
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | What are the good resources for learning QGIS?
         | 
         | I tried to perform what I thought were basic tasks of drawing a
         | few line segments and measuring geodesic distances between two
         | points, but I needed a janky plugin for the former and never
         | figured out how to do the latter.
         | 
         | I really do want to learn it however, since it's a lot easier
         | sometimes to work interactively than doing everything in Python
         | code, and I know QGIS is supposed to be a very powerful tool in
         | general.
        
           | trynewideas wrote:
           | I learned QGIS arguably the hard way (creating a new non-
           | Earth global basemap from scratch, with no prior GIS
           | experience) but:
           | 
           | - The QGIS Training Manual is good. Not great; don't be
           | afraid to go out of order after the first few modules to get
           | to parts useful to you, because the module organization after
           | "Creating Vector Data" stops being terribly linear. https://d
           | ocs.qgis.org/3.22/en/docs/training_manual/index.htm...
           | 
           | - https://www.qgistutorials.com/en/ is more project- and
           | task-oriented, and where I learned georeferencing and
           | digitizing (drawing over raster maps)
           | 
           | - If you prefer video,
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHolzMgaqwE is geared more
           | toward using third-party data
           | 
           | EDIT: There's also this UCDavis workshop for people with no
           | mapping experience. Haven't used it but at a glance it looks
           | pretty comprehensive.
           | https://github.com/ucdavisdatalab/Intro-to-Desktop-GIS-
           | with-..., https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAcZUPSmqDE
        
           | otter-in-a-suit wrote:
           | You can measure distances natively in QGIS, the symbol looks
           | like a ruler. Adding permanent points requires adding a
           | layer, e.g. a shapefile of points.
           | 
           | That being said, as I've outlined in the article, I certainly
           | haven't properly learned it...
           | 
           | But having dabbled in Python/Folium and the like (most
           | recently did geo vis with Superset for another article), some
           | of the datasets and functionalities were familiar (I also had
           | to do point-in-polygon problems in Python, way back when, so
           | maybe that mental scar helped :) ). I found random blog
           | articles and stackexchange posts for specific questions I got
           | stuck on the most helpful.
           | 
           | For instance, I have this link saved:
           | https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/421467/not-
           | geotagged... , which got me down the rabbit hole of "Oh, you
           | can make a style a function of other things? You can read
           | EXIF? How neat!" (where I then found some other posts).
           | 
           | What I will say, almost everything online is out of date -
           | the GUI changed frequently, plugins are now native
           | functionalities etc. The HTML tooltip thing I did is also a
           | modification of an older blog article (which I'm afraid I
           | didn't save), whereas the contour line styling I took
           | verbatim from the article I linked in that paragraph.
        
           | jjwiseman wrote:
           | I found this online course to be pretty useful:
           | https://www.udemy.com/course/mapacademy/
        
         | jt_b wrote:
         | What search terms would one use for finding roles in companies
         | like this, as an experienced dev with a strong background in
         | GIS and open source tools? E.g. Postgis/Pydata/mapbox-gl et.
         | al.
        
           | lukeqsee wrote:
           | What type of role are you looking for?
           | 
           | GIS is a _huge_ space, and you could specialize in one niche
           | for years or go more general, so it 's really based on what
           | you want to do.
           | 
           | I'd say there's three or four general areas: mapping & map
           | data (mostly focused on visualization), geocoding & search
           | (focused on helping people find things in natural language,
           | think text -> coordinates, text -> point of interest ->
           | coordinate), routing (focused on the mechanics of getting
           | things from point a to point b efficiently), and finally a
           | huge, diverse bucket of "other location APIs" (anything from
           | geofencing to timezones to ETL specialization).
           | 
           | I'm happy to chat about this. We aren't hiring, but there are
           | lots of companies that are.
        
       | 015UUZn8aEvW wrote:
       | QGIS is very powerful, but it's not exactly user friendly. The UI
       | is hard to learn, and important functionality is buried several
       | layers deep in non-intuitive drop-down menus and buttons.
       | 
       | I think a simplified GIS program with stripped-down functionality
       | and an intuitive UI could be a big hit. Think of SketchUp versus
       | SolidWorks or ProE.
        
         | AlbertoGP wrote:
         | Some years ago QGIS was useful to me in spite of its UI: I got
         | a PDF map of certain infrastructure that was not georeferenced,
         | and I was able to correct its projection to Web Mercator with
         | great acccuracy. But at the end I was somehow unable to find
         | out how to export the data! QGIS did show me with the
         | transformation matrix it had built and I wrote a program that
         | applied that matrix to my files.
        
           | anakaine wrote:
           | In the vast majority of cases you cannot turn a PDF into
           | spatial data, except for georeferencing it as an image. There
           | are some exceptions, such as when the PDF already includes
           | georeferenced vector data, but its very unlikely you had that
           | sort of file given the issue you described.
           | 
           | You likely either: - needed to export an image of the data
           | (raster); - needed to digitise the data within; - needed to
           | extract the vector data first from the pdf and work out how
           | to deal with it.
           | 
           | Opening a pdf without appropriate data structures into a gis
           | software package is akin to taking a picture of a billboard
           | that has a printed image of a map on it and then expecting to
           | be able to do anything with that picture. The pdf is a bit
           | better, but not by much unless it began life as a
           | georeferenced pdf with vector data maintained.
        
             | AlbertoGP wrote:
             | The PDF was a map of infrastructure that was likely
             | produced with ArcGIS.
             | 
             | By the time I got it, it was just a vector image.
             | 
             | The infrastructure in question was pipelines, represented
             | in the PDF by lines, so georeferencing them was enough to
             | get spatial data adequate for the application.
        
         | hummus_bae wrote:
         | No argument there. I've worked with ArcGIS, Autocad, Sketchup,
         | Civil3D, and QGIS. Though clumsy, QGIS is the most powerful by
         | far of these applications.
        
         | Phithagoras wrote:
         | Look to Google Earth and Caltopo.
         | 
         | These two already dominate more casual mapping
        
           | anakaine wrote:
           | Not in the GIS world of products they do not. They are thin
           | clients for maps, not analytical tools.
        
         | trynewideas wrote:
         | I think part of the question (and problem) is, which part of
         | QGIS do you focus on? The digitizing and geometry parts? The
         | map-rendering part? Georeferencing? Vector and raster analysis?
         | 
         | Or to put it another way, what's the workflow that a simpler,
         | more opinionated interface would solve, and what features could
         | or would you sacrifice for it?
        
           | vekker wrote:
           | The most obvious ones. I'm still very new to GIS, but I find
           | it amazing how difficult it is to simply draw some rectangles
           | (of some specified dimensions) and lines on a map, and
           | cleanly label the edges with distances. Annotating, moving,
           | rotating things... is quite a pain compared to modern UIs. So
           | I wonder if there's a slim and beginner-friendly open source
           | version of QGIS.
        
             | trynewideas wrote:
             | "Most obvious" is still pretty subjective, though. It
             | depends on how you wind up looking for a GIS tool.
             | 
             | - A lot of people come to it wanting to edit or annotate
             | existing city/street maps with geometry, like you're
             | describing.
             | 
             | - My first encounters with it were trying to plot points on
             | a map to build a heat map, in a data analysis context, and
             | I was coming from Google Earth/KML.
             | 
             | - The next time, I wanted to georeference raster maps to
             | make more accurate vector data, and I was coming from
             | Inkscape and Illustrator.
             | 
             | - Another popular use case is to work with topographical
             | and height data, which is another workflow with mostly
             | another interface in QGIS.
             | 
             | - And all of these can have very different output goals -
             | slippy maps with raster or vector tiles, topo maps, 3D
             | renderings and prints, GeoJSON and PostGIS data.
             | 
             | The "most obvious" app for each of those use cases would
             | each be different, with different interfaces. And I can see
             | where that would be good for beginners, or for limited use
             | cases, but at some point each of those use cases intersects
             | with another. Drawing bike lanes on a map quickly means
             | working with topo data. Georeferencing a new base map
             | eventually hits plotting POIs and drawing things like
             | political borders as geometry. Outputting a heat map from
             | data you plot in QGIS can work, but then you need to plug
             | it into a database at some point so the data can be updated
             | in a shared or automated context.
             | 
             | IMO what would be more useful for QGIS is a ground-up, no-
             | assumptions review of its UI similar to what Blender did in
             | 2.8/3.0. Find where they can consolidate redundant or
             | conflicting tools and interfaces, redesign their
             | mouse/keyboard interactions and tool palettes around how
             | users intuit they should work, and provide alternate modes
             | for the more complex workflows that existing users are
             | accustomed to. Blender's redesign proved pretty well that
             | an esoteric UI can be streamlined and modernized without
             | sacrificing power user workflows.
             | 
             | But I don't know if the QGIS UI community is as large,
             | organized, or focused on modern UI design as Blender's,
             | which was a rather unique case in FLOSS. And it'd be
             | difficult to divorce QGIS's GIS data-editing engine from
             | its interface as a whole to build standalone tools with
             | smaller UIs focused on tasks instead of toolboxes.
             | 
             | Plugins might be able to do this, which could be an
             | interesting approach. Instead of adding features like
             | plugins tend to do, one could ship a "flavor" of QGIS with
             | pre-installed and -configured plugins that provide
             | narrower, task-focused interfaces around existing features.
        
         | bostonvaulter2 wrote:
         | In many ways that is what we're building at Felt (where I
         | work). We don't offer much in the way of analysis, but we make
         | it very easy (IMO of course) to share your maps.
         | 
         | Here's a couple maps that I have made about the Honoulu
         | marathon that I wouldn't have made in a more complex/time-
         | intensive piece/powerful piece of software: -
         | https://felt.com/map/UNOFFICIAL-Honolulu-Marathon-2022-TCg9C...
         | - https://felt.com/map/UNOFFICIAL-Honolulu-
         | Marathon-2022-Road-...
        
           | kilolima wrote:
           | Nice maps but why do you have to share with the world a map
           | of North Shore surf spots?
        
       | cozzyd wrote:
       | QGIS is amazing. Though I say that as someone with no experience
       | with other GIS packages so I'm blissfully ignorant of anything it
       | might be missing.
        
         | ungawatkt wrote:
         | I'm years out of date, but it competed well with ArcGIS until
         | the expert level, to the point that I gave up my ArcGIS license
         | where I was working and didn't miss much of anything day to
         | day.
         | 
         | QGIS also has server and headless options, plus lots of the
         | QGIS core is importable into python scripts.
        
       | gkamradt wrote:
       | I've used QGIS for a few years to build www.TerraMano.co
       | 
       | We make 3D Maps of American Landscapes in bronze.
       | 
       | We take Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, do light
       | transformations in QGIS and convert it to an .STL file before
       | additional 3D modeling.
       | 
       | Our latest project was a hairy one doing Oahu
       | (https://terramano.co/blogs/product/oahu-bronze-3d-map)
        
         | prox wrote:
         | I can't help but think that archeologists of the future might
         | think these are ritual objects of holy places :)
         | 
         | Anyway they look beautiful.
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | Thank you
        
         | aqfamnzc wrote:
         | What are you using to get it into an STL? I've had OK results
         | with DEMto3D plugin, but it has some weird artifacts that I
         | can't seem to get rid of. Are there any better options you're
         | aware of?
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | I actually use DEMto3D. It's touchy, but I do post-work on
           | the .stl/3d model in blender so it works out ok for me.
           | 
           | If you have weird artifacts, I'm guessing that is due to the
           | underlying data vs QGIS itself. Have you looked at their
           | documentation (https://demto3d.com/en/)?
           | 
           | I outline how the whole process works here https://www.gregka
           | mradt.com/gregkamradt/2020/2/29/manufactur...
        
         | otter-in-a-suit wrote:
         | Those look phenomenal!
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | Thank you!
        
         | jtr1 wrote:
         | Wow, these are gorgeous! Can I ask where you get your DEM data
         | and at what resolution? I've been wanting to play around with
         | some relief maps of various bioregions (eg the Great Lakes
         | watershed, Cascadia, etc), but I've had trouble figuring out
         | where to find data at the right resolution
        
           | NoboruWataya wrote:
           | There a number of publicly available sources, but I have used
           | https://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/
           | 
           | (Near) global coverage, 90m resolution. Easy to fetch tiles
           | with a script.
        
             | foobarbecue wrote:
             | For the benefit of those who aren't familiar: SRTM was the
             | space shuttle radar tomography mission. 30m resolution is
             | now available (I remember 30m being released for the first
             | time in the 2000s sometime I think).
        
           | defrost wrote:
           | USGS provides all their data for free
           | 
           | https://www.usgs.gov/the-national-map-data-delivery/gis-
           | data...
           | 
           | They have full US coverage and many infill sets at higher
           | resolutions.
           | 
           | They have 1 metre DEMs ( ~ one elevation per three foot x
           | three foot square )
           | 
           | https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/items?q=&filter=tags=Dig.
           | ..
           | 
           | and more if you get to know their community and products
           | (they are a firehose of likely more data than many can afford
           | to reliably store).
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | Where do we get it? Only publicly available sources. Usgs has
           | a great portal. Private data is too expensive to get. I was
           | quoted 6 figures for a larger area. They were going to fly a
           | plane and capture it :)
           | 
           | What resolution? Totally depends on the area the customer
           | would like to cover. If it's their ranch or property, we
           | usually need 1-meter. If it's a mountain range than 30-Meter
           | works.
           | 
           | It mainly depends on the resolution limit for 3D printing. So
           | it also depends on the size of the model they want.
           | 
           | Unfortunately not all areas are covered with high res
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | Did they quote by line-kilometre flown, any chance of
             | sharing the number?
             | 
             | Full multi channel or just LIDAR?
        
               | gkamradt wrote:
               | It was one of these two vendors, I forget which:
               | 
               | https://apollomapping.com/digital-elevation-models
               | https://www.l3harrisgeospatial.com/Data-
               | Imagery/Elevation-Da...
               | 
               | I don't wanna share the number but it was 6 figures
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | use these plates on a larger scale to make terra-cotta
         | impressions and turn them into 'chia-pets' such that you can
         | grow micro greens on the landscape of a particular area.
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | Ha that would be sweet.
           | 
           | Do you have a video link of what you're referring to?
           | 
           | I once tried to use the molds to make chocolate
           | representations of the mountains ha! I learned the hard way
           | that tempering is difficult for a novice
        
         | n1b0m wrote:
         | That's beautiful
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | Thank you
        
         | ryantgtg wrote:
         | Dang these are sweet!
         | 
         | You have fewer products for sale than I was expecting.
         | 
         | I live in NE Los Angeles, which has the Verdugo and San Gabriel
         | mtns, plus Mt Washington and other modest peaks - I think it
         | would look great in this style. Especially because all the
         | development would be excluded.
        
           | gkamradt wrote:
           | The upfront costs are pretty expensive.
           | 
           | For every new location you do the process looks like: 1. Get
           | the data and prep it for print (fixed) 2. 3D print it (fixed)
           | 3. Rubber Mold (fixed) 4. Wax Model (variable) 5. Bronze
           | (variable)
           | 
           | Steps 1-3 are 40-60% of the costs. So I haven't put the money
           | out of pocket yet to put up new locations. I've let
           | customer's ask first and then do them.
           | 
           | Surprisingly, most of our orders have been custom
           | 
           | Here's my info packet on the custom process
           | https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IkiHG_Z5JS03mWYHv-
           | KNAhi8...
        
           | verelo wrote:
           | +1 to this, I can think of a few places id order for but i
           | couldnt figure out how. Did i miss the link? Looks like it
           | refers to "custom orders" but i wasnt sure how that works.
        
             | gkamradt wrote:
             | Here's the process on custom orders. I'll put the link
             | right on the site to try and avoid confusion.
             | 
             | https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IkiHG_Z5JS03mWYHv-
             | KNAhi8...
             | 
             | edit: whoops added link
        
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