[HN Gopher] Apple avoids job cuts because it didn't overhire lik...
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       Apple avoids job cuts because it didn't overhire like Google and
       Amazon
        
       Author : mfiguiere
       Score  : 381 points
       Date   : 2023-02-10 14:48 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | tablespoon wrote:
       | Or maybe the current tech layoffs are a fad not driven by
       | necessity, and Apple tends to set trends, not mindlessly follow
       | them?
        
         | mclouts91 wrote:
         | Most layoffs are happening in growth businesses that aren't
         | even profitable on paper. Apple, make things, things people
         | want and quite often need. they are a solid business that are
         | unlikely to suffer much in a short term tightening of people's
         | finances interest rate rises.
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | > Most layoffs are happening in growth businesses that aren't
           | even profitable on paper.
           | 
           | Google? Facebook? Microsoft? All very profitable, all doing
           | layoffs.
        
             | sumtechguy wrote:
             | My guess most of these companies were also borrowing money.
             | You can look on their balance sheets for the stock. When
             | that rate is low it makes a lot of sense to grow and
             | borrow. When that rate goes up the math changes. No matter
             | how profitable you are. There could be quite a bit of
             | 'someone had to go first' fad going on too. Adding
             | headcount just because you make tons of money does not
             | necessarily make sense. It just means you are probably
             | overcharging for your existing products and really should
             | be passing those cost savings onto your customers. If you
             | do not do that you risk a competitor doing exactly that.
             | Interest rates plus decent inflation plays into how much
             | debt/risk you can take on what your headcount will be plus
             | what you charge your customers.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > My guess most of these companies were also borrowing
               | money. You can look on their balance sheets for the
               | stock.
               | 
               | You don't have to guess. These are publicly owned
               | corporations. Their published balanced sheets include
               | debt.
        
               | sumtechguy wrote:
               | The 'guess' piece is what they were borrowing for.
        
             | antoniuschan99 wrote:
             | I'm guessing Google and Facebooks profit centers are much
             | more narrow? Eg. Google Ads. Facebook has the Metaverse
             | Black Hole whereas has Googles countless endeavours (eg.
             | Chat)
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | If this were about cutting unprofitable divisions rather
               | than cutting people/wages then the Metaverse would
               | probably have been killed. Still kicking.
        
               | antoniuschan99 wrote:
               | lol only time will tell since they basically went all-in.
               | Do they change the name back to Facebook if they start
               | reversing course? :P
        
               | bbor wrote:
               | Yeah but they're still some of the most profitable
               | companies in the world, and Google at least has many
               | billions in the bank. I feel you're moving goalposts?
        
               | antoniuschan99 wrote:
               | Yes true but they overhired and most growth has stalled.
               | The idea I'm getting are the layoffs are happening in the
               | less profitable parts of the business.
               | 
               | Also, I was told because of the severance packages, these
               | companies aren't going to be saving any money until a few
               | months down.
               | 
               | That said I read a few days ago Apple may start doing
               | cuts in the future. iPhone sales are down 8% and
               | smartphone sales in general are down 18%!
        
             | zinekeller wrote:
             | > on paper
             | 
             | This is the important word. Although Alphabet, Meta and
             | Microsoft overall are profitable there are parts of it that
             | a) was (and still not profitable) and b) was in demand in
             | the last three years but are now softened enough that it
             | turns "okay, unprofitable but manageble" into "this has
             | become a money pit". Since that they are cutting off
             | anyway, why not throw laggards and undesirables into the
             | mix? I estimate that around half is genuine cost-savings
             | and another half is euphemistic firing, which I'll be
             | honest muddies the explanation up a bit.
             | 
             | For Google, their focus was on the cloud and productivity
             | products. Even discounting the already-planned Stadia
             | layoffs, it is well-known that Google has targeted 2023 as
             | its Google Cloud break-even point. If they can't profit on
             | user acquisition then they need to cut up costs. This is
             | why they're now aggressive on closing up GCP products so
             | that the core GCP product can be operated with less
             | expense. Additionally, their Workspace and ChromeOS team
             | were also gutted because the Chromebook boom induced by the
             | pandemic is now over (will expand over at Microsoft's
             | explanation).
             | 
             | Microsoft's cuts are also focused on productivity suites.
             | The boom times for PCs is over so they need to cut costs
             | there, and it shows hard. Both the Windows and 365 subteams
             | were gutted further since that companies have now time to
             | actually count up how many licenses they need, plus since
             | Windows 11 is "free" the only revenue is from OEMs and
             | business. OEMs now buys fewer licenses because the boom
             | times is over. Businesses are not thrilled at Windows 11
             | and are secretly waiting for a Windows 12 or a 10 ESU.
             | Azure is now slightly profitable but as you might have
             | guess "slight" is unacceptable to shareholders so some were
             | also let go too.
             | 
             | Meta no longer grows in its traditional business in social
             | media and fails to crack the secret to an enjoyable
             | metaverse, with most people passing it off as a fad and
             | even metaverse believers flocking to competitors that were
             | already there and have better products. It's plain obvious
             | why they need to reduce headcount.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Meta no longer grows in its traditional business in
               | social media
               | 
               | "Almost 20 years in, Facebook is still growing. The
               | social network now has 2 billion daily active users, Meta
               | reported alongside its fourth-quarter earnings. The
               | report marks the first time Facebook, which added 16
               | million users last quarter, has reached 2 billion daily
               | users." https://www.engadget.com/facebook-2-billion-
               | meta-q4-2022-ear...
        
               | zinekeller wrote:
               | > 16 million users
               | 
               | Which in shareholders' terms would be practically
               | nothing.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | gigel82 wrote:
       | Apple avoids job cuts _for now_ , because they're sitting on a
       | big pile of cash
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | lowatt wrote:
       | These may be dimwitted questions but still want to ask: 1. Did
       | Google, Amazon, Meta, etc benefit by over hiring during the
       | pandemic? 2. Did the benefit of over hiring outweigh the cost of
       | job cuts? 3. If both 1 and 2 are yes, then did they know about
       | the possible layoffs and still intentionally over hired to max
       | benefits?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | blackflame7000 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | voytec wrote:
       | Apple was always all about Jobs.
        
       | magic_man wrote:
       | None of the other companies really had to do layoffs. They are
       | still printing money.
        
       | pydry wrote:
       | Apple got burned bad the last time they were caught organizing a
       | wage fixing cartel:
       | 
       | https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-tech-jo...
       | 
       | It's different this time around though, because economy. The tech
       | layoffs started at the least profitable companies with the
       | weakest balance sheets first (Google, Microsoft), and besides the
       | whole economy is doing massive layoffs because of the recession
       | and high interest rates:
       | https://www.nar.realtor/blogs/economists-outlook/instant-rea...
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > the whole economy is doing massive layoffs because of the
         | recession
         | 
         | "U.S. reports blowout job growth; unemployment lowest since
         | 1969" https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-job-growth-
         | accelerates-j...
        
           | pydry wrote:
           | I probably should have added /s :)
        
         | ineedasername wrote:
         | _> and besides the whole economy is doing massive layoffs_
         | 
         | Although last week the US announced an unexpectedly strong jobs
         | report, roughly 80% higher jobs growth than expected. (180,000
         | projected, 300,000 actual iirc).
        
         | pinewurst wrote:
         | Read "they" as "Steve Jobs personally".
        
       | asdev wrote:
       | this won't age well
        
         | ineedasername wrote:
         | Some PR & HR folks at Apple right now might be slapping
         | themselves in the face over this disrupting their plans. Slow
         | news day Fridays, companies often wait until the end of the day
         | to release bad news. So they maybe wait a week.
         | 
         | Although the article is paywalled so I don't know, maybe the
         | author has a quote from Apple with some statement minimally
         | confirming this.
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | https://9to5mac.com/2023/02/02/apple-layoffs-tim-cook/
        
       | jungledeuce wrote:
       | You mean to tell me that Apple could have created thousands of
       | high paying jobs, if only for several years, but didn't. And this
       | is good? I can never remember who to be mad at.
       | 
       | More seriously, I realize this is just clickbait, but I wonder
       | how you could determine objectively which approach (hiring slow
       | and needing to catch up, hiring medium, hiring fast and needing
       | to fire) is "better for business". Seems very hard to control
       | variables.
        
         | Clubber wrote:
         | >I can never remember who to be mad at.
         | 
         | It's so exhausting too.
        
         | krab wrote:
         | Hiring many people and firing them shortly after isn't very
         | productive use of human minds. Those people were doing probably
         | something more valuable instead.
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | And now they can. It is good that people are being laid off.
           | They can now go do the valuable thing. Perhaps Google's true
           | target should have been 50% layoffs so that they can release
           | people to go work on their valuable stuff instead of working
           | at Google.
        
             | krab wrote:
             | That's mostly Google's decision. :shrug:
             | 
             | Anyway, I see a difference between hiring and laying off
             | vs. not hiring in the first place with regard to disruption
             | in worker's lives.
        
               | jungledeuce wrote:
               | The disruption of making _several hundreds of thousands
               | of dollars more_ than they would have outside of FAANG?
               | 
               | I'll take some of that kind of disruption, please.
        
             | roncesvalles wrote:
             | Even better if one of these "valuable things" topples
             | Google.
        
         | skylanh wrote:
         | Depends on if you have comb-selections of the people hired.
         | 
         | If we follow one path all the way to the end: If you can bring
         | on a large number of people, then you can potentially evaluate
         | them as "up-and-coming" high-quality talent. Those talents can
         | be soaked in your business and technology stack, and become
         | internal experts. Over that talent's life within the company,
         | you may also underpay them relative to bringing in the same
         | equivalent 10+ year veteran and training them on your internal
         | assets.
         | 
         | On another path: You can also develop a broader population of
         | mid-grade, quality talent which can strength workforce
         | resilience.
         | 
         | During the mass layoff, procedures are different, and you may
         | not have to follow quite the same fire-process as with an
         | individual, and without some of the individual recourse
         | processes regarding discrimination.
         | 
         | FWIW, Microsoft used to (still does?) had a certain percentage
         | of layoffs every year. In a good environment, it's weeding; in
         | a bad environment, it culls good talent.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | > You mean to tell me that Apple could have created thousands
         | of high paying jobs, if only for several years, but didn't. And
         | this is good?
         | 
         | Yes, I consider it good management and judgement. Apple is a
         | company, not some charity. Amazon, etc didn't hire out of the
         | goodness of their hearts they felt they could capitalize on
         | something that didn't materialize.
        
           | bbor wrote:
           | I think it's a joke :) the point is companies aren't
           | charities and layoffs aren't cruel, just business. Which is
           | capitalist propaganda, of course!
        
       | qaz_plm wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/Wfsfr
        
       | atum47 wrote:
       | I remember this one month where I was receiving an amazon email
       | every other day calling me for a job interview. I thought: man,
       | they are really looking for people to hire.
        
       | ryanjshaw wrote:
       | Why is Apple being compared to Google and Amazon in this context?
        
         | picardo wrote:
         | Lazy journalism. They're all tech companies and all tech
         | companies have the same business model, of course.
        
           | asdajksah2123 wrote:
           | Why is it lazy when journalists compare Apple and Google, and
           | yet it's rare to go even a few comments before FAANG being
           | dropped into any tech discussion?
        
           | djha-skin wrote:
           | However, being that Apple sales probably shot through the
           | roof, and how popular microchip commodities were in general,
           | I'm sure they had almost more recent hire than Google did.
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | Id have the same question why every layoff gets a headline on
         | HN but I guess it's newsworthy when it's a trend.
         | 
         | Otherwise they are pretty similar sized "Big Tech" companies.
         | 
         | Apple: 164,000 employees
         | 
         | Google: 150,000 employees
         | 
         | Amazon: ~800,000 corporate employees (this one was harder to
         | find but the tech/software team is probably similar to above)
        
           | kristianc wrote:
           | c. 65,000 of the Apple employees are retail employees though.
           | It's not really 'apples for apples' to compare that with
           | Google's entirely tech and product headcount.
        
         | bryan0 wrote:
         | Because people are criticizing the tech layoffs and pointing to
         | Apple as an example of why layoffs are not currently necessary.
        
       | MuffinFlavored wrote:
       | https://www.statista.com/statistics/273439/number-of-employe...
       | 
       | 137k in 2019 -> 164k in 2022
       | 
       | like ~6% a year growth compounded
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | I remember when Apple bloated up by thousands, started a score of
       | new products. Then consolidated and combined until they had one
       | uber-product proposal that could do everything. Then they
       | cancelled it and laid everybody off.
       | 
       | Maybe they learned their lesson.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | I wish Apple overhired a bit to fix a couple issues I have with
       | their Terminal app... The color support thing doesn't bother me
       | as much as the lack of an overline attribute (so I get my
       | favorite 3278-like status bar). And, quite frankly, I'd love to
       | see smooth scrolling for those rare moments where things are not
       | scrolling past the window at relativistic speeds. In terms of
       | VT-100 compatibility, Terminal.App is already on the very top
       | tier.
       | 
       | And yes, of course, I know there are other terminal apps for
       | macOS. I just want the built-in one to get fixed.
       | 
       | And don't get me started about Tektronix and ReGIS graphics...
        
       | college_physics wrote:
       | Many business sectors go out of their way to dress up as tech in
       | order to get "tech valuations". Being able to project an image of
       | owning the future makes wonders for stock price and thus
       | incentives. But the big picture in the last few years (pre-
       | pandemic) has been that tech was maxed out and saturating.
       | 
       | With the pandemic there was an excuse to pretend again that the
       | sky was the limit. That attitude seems now being corrected -
       | reverting to a cash-cow model. Some companies can do cash-cows
       | better than others ;-)
       | 
       | P.s. another factor where Apple tries to differentiate itself is
       | the privacy front. What it believes in practice is a different
       | matter, but to the degree that there are visible legislative
       | headwinds this would make any tech company that directly or
       | indirectly draws revenue contingent on current rules might be
       | more cautious going forward.
        
       | neom wrote:
       | Apple went public in 1980, Google went public in 2004. Apple has
       | seen many more cycles than Google and Amazon. I'd suggest they're
       | a little more gelled out?
        
         | 1sembiyan wrote:
         | This doesn't explain Microsoft, which is just as old and laid
         | off as much people.
        
       | Patrol8394 wrote:
       | It all comes down to Apple being a very focused company. They
       | know their customers, what they want and they have a much better
       | business model. Steve Jobs once explained it by saying they say
       | no to a lots of things even to those who seem on paper great
       | ideas. All that to stay focus.
       | 
       | On the other hand, Google is all over the places, they are very
       | distracted and confident that they will always be the
       | indisputable kind in ads and search so they didn't invest much in
       | generating other long term major revenue streams.
       | 
       | Their incentives for promotions is all wrong and has led to tons
       | of products being launched just for the sake of some manager
       | aspirations and empowered, bored engineers who wanted to work on
       | yet another green field project.
       | 
       | They missed the boat on the cloud, and unless they turn the ship
       | very quickly they are gonna leave a big chunk of search and ads
       | to Microsoft.
       | 
       | I'd argue they should also review their hiring strategy that have
       | intoxicated the whole industry and clearly hasn't led to better
       | results.
        
         | sanderjd wrote:
         | > On the other hand, Google is all over the places, they are
         | very distracted and confident that they will always be the
         | indisputable kind in ads and search so they didn't invest much
         | in generating other long term major revenue streams.
         | 
         | I think this is a very muddled analysis. You seem to be saying
         | that the lack of focus is caused by the perception of a
         | permanent easy revenue stream. But I think the causation is
         | actually the reverse of that. The lack of focus is more like a
         | breadth first search for additional sustainable revenue streams
         | undertaken _because_ they know the golden goose can 't lay eggs
         | forever.
         | 
         | And similarly backwards: it is Apple who has the luxury of
         | focus because high-end consumer computing hardware is a stable
         | revenue stream with very little risk of drying up over a very
         | long time horizon.
        
           | cinericius wrote:
           | > You seem to be saying that the lack of focus is caused by
           | the perception of a permanent easy revenue stream. But I
           | think the causation is actually the reverse of that. The lack
           | of focus is more like a breadth first search for additional
           | sustainable revenue streams undertaken because they know the
           | golden goose can't lay eggs forever.
           | 
           | I think the difference is urgency. They probably do know that
           | the golden eggs will stop coming at some point, but they
           | don't believe it'll happen for a long while. Perhaps as a
           | consequence of this, they very rarely commit to projects in a
           | life-or-death way. At this point it's a HN trope to state
           | this, but I do believe the reputational damage done by this
           | lack of commitment to any of its fledgling projects is doing
           | massive harm to Google's ability to find new revenue streams.
        
             | sanderjd wrote:
             | Again, this analysis is exactly backwards. The reason they
             | axe flailing projects quickly is that they know they need
             | to find a small number of promising new revenue streams to
             | focus on. What HN wants them to do - commit to small
             | projects indefinitely - would be exactly the lack of focus
             | and urgency being criticized!
             | 
             | I think what people are saying is something like "Google
             | needs to focus on a small number of new successful large
             | revenue sources". Which, yes, of course! But they don't
             | know what those are, and none of the backseat drivers do
             | either.
        
               | Patrol8394 wrote:
               | What about AI/ML, Cloud, Workspace ? (+ of course ads and
               | search).
               | 
               | Why didn't they launch something like ChatGPT? Even if it
               | was half baked, they should have made more noise and
               | marketing PR on what's cooking ... instead they let
               | OpenAI and Microsoft take the stage.
               | 
               | Cloud? They basically invented the cloud! They were
               | running in the cloud when the rest of the world was still
               | copying files to production .. and yet they left that to
               | AWS and Azure ...
               | 
               | Don't get me wrong, I loved Google, I had much respect
               | for them, and that's why I am so disappointed!
               | 
               | They doubled down on monetizing on user data, search and
               | ads, and completely neglected other areas they could have
               | dominated hands down.
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | > What about AI/ML, Cloud, Workspace ? (+ of course ads
               | and search).
               | 
               | "AI/ML" isn't a product, it's a tool, and one that is
               | used effectively in a number of successful Google
               | products (including the big moneymakers).
               | 
               | Cloud and Workspace are the non-ads bright spots, which
               | is why they keep receiving plenty of investment, but they
               | are both still very far from dominant in their markets,
               | behind both Amazon and Microsoft. They are good
               | businesses but not at all a full solution if the ads
               | business declines substantially.
               | 
               | > Why didn't they launch something like ChatGPT?
               | 
               | Because billions of people would have used it
               | immediately, and it's way too expensive for that. I
               | suspect nobody yet has a way to serve these chats without
               | the marginal revenue being negative. Google can't launch
               | search features with rate limits, they can only launch
               | things that are capable of serving billions of requests
               | per day.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what argument you think I'm making that the
               | Cloud thing is a counterargument to... My point is very
               | much not "Google has always done everything right and
               | made no mistakes". They absolutely missed the Cloud
               | opportunity, and that's probably the only thing they've
               | tried that could have been big enough if they'd entered
               | the market early enough. (Maybe also if they had started
               | making their own iphone-competitive hardware much
               | earlier.)
               | 
               | But they thought going the social route, competing with
               | Facebook, was going to be the answer, and the failure of
               | that strategy was a major setback.
               | 
               | It could still be the case that this new era of AI is
               | their saving grace. They still have a very real chance to
               | be the first ones to figure out how to turn it into an
               | economically sustainable product in some form. For all
               | the hype, I sincerely doubt anyone has accomplished that
               | yet. Definitely not OpenAI, and I'm guessing this Bing
               | integration is a loss leader.
        
               | Patrol8394 wrote:
               | >they can only launch things that are capable of serving
               | billions of requests per day
               | 
               | They did not have to launch something like ChatGPT at
               | full scale. I understand very well the cost associated
               | with it. But, they should have been the one setting the
               | stage and the narrative. Building expectation releasing
               | cool demo, experimental features backed into Docs. Things
               | that could show where "potentially" Google could have
               | taken the technology in time ..
               | 
               | But, it seems like, that while they were working on the
               | "perfect working money printing AI product", they
               | completely left the stage to OpenAI and friends.
               | 
               | I think, that was definitely a strategic error.
               | 
               | Perhaps Google will come ahead, who knows. I hope this
               | was a wakeup call for them.
        
         | ewarrenG wrote:
         | Your statement that Google is "all over the place" is at odds
         | with what you say later "they didn't invest much in generating
         | other long term major revenue streams."
         | 
         | Maybe the investments weren't successful or didn't pan out, but
         | that is not to say they didn't invest.
        
         | eitally wrote:
         | I think Google _was_ all over the place until roughly covid,
         | but for the past few years the mission has solidly
         | crystallized. Ads (dragging Search along), Youtube,  "Platforms
         | & Ecosystems" (Android, Assistant, Play & Chrome), Hardware
         | (Nest, Fitbit, Pixel), Cloud. That's not really a very broad or
         | convoluted set of priorities at the top level.
         | 
         | The problem is the culture. Google is an exceptionally poorly
         | managed company as a rule I claim this is by design from the
         | beginning: as an engineering meritocracy, the technically best
         | ideas won (over time) and employees voted with their feet. That
         | doesn't scale. I'd argue that it began to fail pretty
         | dramatically around the time Diane Greene took over Cloud and
         | Prabhakar moved over (you could probably also argue that those
         | org changes were lagging indicators, and the real start to the
         | "problems" began when Ruth was hired) to run Ads/Search. As the
         | board became increasingly business focused, the lack of solid
         | management or even strategic leadership became more
         | problematic.
         | 
         | What's rule #1 of B2B? Being responsive to your customers'
         | needs and acting predictably. The lack of top-to-bottom
         | management combined with the legacy meritocratic culture have
         | not lent themselves to the same sort of command-and-control
         | hierarchy you see at places like Apple & Microsoft, both of
         | which have been almost entirely market driven for decades.
         | 
         | If you look at this[1] org chart cartoon from about ten years
         | ago, you see what things looked like then. You had the Cult of
         | Jobs at Apple, where a singular leader compartmentalized the
         | entire company. You see the Sales & Marketing driven Microsoft,
         | where Ballmer created stupid internal coopetition, and you see
         | the insane messes at FB & Google. I suggest these are no longer
         | accurate representations. As all of these big tech businesses
         | have matured, everyone is converging on Amazon's & Oracle's
         | command & control model, which is the traditional strategy for
         | managing large organizations. It has been easier for some to
         | get there (MSFT, for example, just had to remove the "guns"
         | from their org chart), but at places like Google & Facebook
         | there are fundamental changes that are required for the
         | corporations to run efficiently that are also orthogonal to the
         | founders' principles of how things should work, and (in my
         | opinion) what you've been seeing in the past few quarters are
         | "light" attempts at dealing with that. For Google it was the
         | "cut off your nose to spite your face" 12k layoff. For FB it
         | was a more existential staff cut but also the more recent
         | notice to middle management that many of them are expected to
         | become ICs again, to remove redundant layers.
         | 
         | I don't think it's in Google's current culture to "turn the
         | ship quickly". Frankly, under the circumstances, I think the
         | only way to legitimately force this would be to divorce Ads
         | from the rest of the business (or even just make it its own
         | Bet). Anything else will likely fail, slowly, and feel like
         | death by a thousand cuts for the rank & file and like pushing a
         | string uphill to the leadership.
         | 
         | [1] https://ritholtz.com/2013/07/organizational-charts-of-
         | amazon...
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | Which is interesting because the whole purpose of setting up
         | Alphabet was to diversity revenue streams. But I don't think
         | any of those efforts have generated significant revenue
         | relative to their core business.
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | Waymo has the most promise and I think has always been seen
           | that way.
        
           | eitally wrote:
           | Verily is a $1b+ business now.
        
         | flappyeagle wrote:
         | At almost every place I've ever worked, there were about 10-20%
         | of employees who were unproductive. Sometimes it's because they
         | were bad hires, or they were just working on projects that
         | added no value.
         | 
         | I was at a series B startup that did 15% layoffs during the
         | first pandemic wave. The result: we moved faster, code quality
         | went up, morale increased over time. Some layoffs are driven by
         | necessity, and some are opportunistic ways for companies to
         | retool and mass-fire low performers.
         | 
         | This applies at higher levels of abstractions too. When google
         | did their layoffs, multiple entire unprofitable teams and
         | business units were eliminated. It doesn't matter if "they
         | could pay for it". They had an opportune excuse to remove some
         | ugly looking lines from the balance sheet all at once and they
         | took it.
         | 
         | It's impractical for them to try to differentiate high and low
         | individual performers at that scale. No matter how talented you
         | are, you were contributing to a loss-making part of the
         | company.
         | 
         | Apple seems to have been better at not having useless teams and
         | divisions. Tim Cook is a disciplined guy, so I'm not surprised.
        
           | Mechanical9 wrote:
           | This is assuming that layoffs affect the correct group of
           | people, in which case the obvious question is why couldn't
           | those people be informed earlier and been given a choice to
           | find a different position or to improve their performance? At
           | Google specifically, many high performers were laid off
           | without explanation. When entire programs were cut, many
           | general-purpose programmers were lost simply due to being in
           | the wrong place at the wrong time rather than having the
           | wrong skills or having low performance.
           | 
           | Given that the evaluation of who to cut is made by outside
           | groups, in a short period of time, without appeal, it seems
           | more likely that layoffs in these cases are less about
           | cutting low performers and more about getting rid of people
           | the company is mismanaging, or people that the company is
           | overpaying. Without changing that mismanagement, the result
           | won't be a better environment. The message to employees is
           | rough also: "don't trust our performance evaluations".
        
             | flappyeagle wrote:
             | It's not "don't trust out performance evaluations". The
             | point of perf evals is rarely to fire people, it's primary
             | use is to manage expectations of promotion.
             | 
             | > This is assuming that layoffs affect the correct group of
             | people
             | 
             | Layoffs often don't target the right group of people when
             | it comes to perf. There's error in human judgement abound.
             | But it's 100% accurate when it comes to which business
             | units are bringing in revenue, or costing a lot.
             | 
             | > why couldn't those people be informed earlier and been
             | given a choice to find a different position or to improve
             | their performance
             | 
             | Human attention is a scarce resource. Executives will
             | tolerate inefficiency during up markets because it's more
             | valuable to try to capture growth vs become efficient. When
             | there's no growth to be had, then they turn their attention
             | towards cutting costs.
             | 
             | > it seems more likely that layoffs in these cases are less
             | about cutting low performers and more about getting rid of
             | people the company is mismanaging, or people that the
             | company is overpaying
             | 
             | The larger a company gets, the more these are effectively
             | the same thing. Money in, value out. Too much money, too
             | little value, you're just changing two sides of a ratio.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Apple's job losses are hidden because they don't build anything
       | physical, they let their suppliers fire and hire.
        
         | rcarmo wrote:
         | That logic is broken because it does not apply uniformly across
         | the FAANGs.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | Is there any evidence of Apple supplier mass layoffs? If
         | anything, Apple has had supply chain problems of not being able
         | to produce hardware fast enough to meet demand, due to
         | pandemic-related closures in China.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | Suppliers like Foxconn have laid off about 100k in the last
           | half year or so, that's just one in 1000+. Suppliers in the
           | technology area I am working in have also seen 1000+ layoffs
           | related to fewer orders.
        
       | mabbo wrote:
       | Apple's underlying economics haven't changed, so they have not
       | had any reason to over-hire in the first place.
       | 
       | Amazon, Google, Meta, Shopify and others are all e-commerce
       | based. There was a clear trend that e-commerce had shifted up due
       | to the pandemic, and looked to be permanent. That bet was wrong,
       | so they all had layoffs.
       | 
       | Other companies were willing to hire lots of developers because
       | the ROI on devs was good compared to low inflation and low
       | interest rates. Then both of those things changed, so the ROI on
       | a dev compared to investing in other things became much worse- so
       | there's less money for developers.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, Apple has a mostly-stable massive chunk of the
       | consumer device market and has always had a profit margin that is
       | startlingly high. Not much has changed as far as they're
       | concerned.
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | > looked to be permanent
         | 
         | I don't believe that any CEO/CFO with half a brain actually
         | thought this. Sure, things wouldn't return to pre-pandemic
         | levels necessarily, but the COVID-induced state was not going
         | to permanently change human behavior.
         | 
         | > ROI on devs was good compared to low inflation and low
         | interest rates. Then both of those things changed
         | 
         | this is more the reason; the "mea culpa, how could we have
         | known" excuses is just to cover a regression to the mean they
         | knew was eventually going to happen.
        
           | motoxpro wrote:
           | For CEOs that thought this would be permanent see Shopify and
           | Amazon. Both have said this publicly and Amazon spent
           | billions on transportation infra. They are not stupid.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | Amazon is a different case altogether (see my other post
             | about them) as they deal in physical goods; that
             | transportation infrastructure allows them to capture
             | greater market share even if online sales drop.
        
         | drawfloat wrote:
         | I still can't believe major corporations thought the shift to
         | ecommerce from the pandemic "looked to be permanent". More
         | people than not spent 2 years complaining they couldn't leave
         | the house and rushing out to the pub/shops/holidays the minute
         | restrictions dropped.
         | 
         | It was certainly a possibility, but staggers my mind that
         | companies of this size all decided it was a sureity.
         | 
         | If I were to be uncharitable, this is the effect of senior
         | staff at these companies having been completely detached from
         | the pandemic experience of the majority of the population. Lots
         | of people still had to go to work F2F, lots of people spent it
         | cooped up in 30m2 apartments with flatmates they hate.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | The question isn't "is it permanent" it's "what are the
           | chances it's permanent". I can imagine that if they come to
           | the conclusion that there's even a 10% chance then it makes
           | sense to invest resources as if it will happen because they
           | can always just lay people off, but it's much harder to catch
           | up.
        
           | inetknght wrote:
           | > _Lots of people still had to go to work F2F, lots of people
           | spent it cooped up in 30m2 apartments with flatmates they
           | hate._
           | 
           | I assume by `F2F` you mean "face-to-face"?
           | 
           | I think that's a matter of perspective. In my echo chamber,
           | people live with flatmates that they get along with just fine
           | and are _happy_ that they don 't have to go to an office to
           | do work that could be done at home.
           | 
           | > _More people than not spent 2 years complaining they couldn
           | 't leave the house_
           | 
           | So... perhaps they do indeed want to "leave the house". But I
           | think they still don't want to go to the office when they can
           | work from home.
           | 
           | I think e-commerce is indeed shifted-up relative to the start
           | of the pandemic. I think things that e-commerce _can 't_ do
           | well are still where people want to leave the house. As you
           | said, pubs/window shopping (not quite shopping
           | itself)/holidays.
        
           | qqtt wrote:
           | I don't think they thought it was permanent as much as no one
           | really knew when it would stop. They had to make a choice
           | whether to hire enough to sustain the current growth rates or
           | scale back growth in which case competitors might be able to
           | capture that market share. No one had a crystal ball
           | regarding when exactly the growth would stop and what the
           | post-growth period would look like, so from that perspective
           | using all available evidence, the play was to capture market
           | share and worry about the future when it happens.
           | 
           | It's a reasonable strategy, the risk being their cost
           | structure gets unbalanced and they might have to lay off
           | people. Contrary to what people here seem to think, laying
           | off people isn't the end of the world, and many of these
           | companies are very comfortable doing it once their growth
           | calculus changes. It was a calculated risk and if we are
           | being honest, it paid off very well for most of the companies
           | which are currently doing layoffs. In many cases the
           | alternative would be to forfeit growth just to potentially
           | save jobs down the line - but what would that look like for
           | companies like Amazon? I don't know if people remember but
           | when the pandemic hit Amazon was scrambling to meet the
           | demands of customers and prime shipping times shot up from 1
           | day delivery to sometimes more than a week. Those situations
           | would give competitors like WalMart an opening to capitalize
           | on taking market share.
           | 
           | At the end of the day, no one had a crystal ball, and while
           | companies probably shouldn't have assumed whatever growth
           | rates of the quarter were permanent, to ignore the growth and
           | not hire in that environment carried it's own risks. And
           | besides, are the current growth rates permanent with all the
           | macro-economic factors at play? Of course not, most likely
           | the economy will pick up at some point, but companies don't
           | know when exactly that will be, so the prudent thing is to
           | prioritize their workforce on high priority revenue
           | generating products and balance their cost structure around
           | the current economic realities.
        
           | ted_bunny wrote:
           | A more concrete uncharitable explanation: if you're one of
           | those execs who only cares about next quarter, convincing
           | people that a temporary situation is permanent would be one
           | way to leverage your ideas.
        
           | Dwolb wrote:
           | It doesn't matter if the management team thought the shift
           | was permanent or not.
           | 
           | What matters is not getting fired.
           | 
           | It's hard to get fired if your actions are in line with the
           | consensus.
        
           | jeromegv wrote:
           | That's not exactly what they bet, because anyone knows that
           | it would be dumb, including them.
           | 
           | What you have to look at is e-commerce adoption as a % of
           | retail. This % is increasing every year since the end of the
           | 90s. It was about 10% pre-pandemic.
           | 
           | Of course they knew that the huge jump from COVID wouldn't be
           | permanent. What they bet however is that once things re-open,
           | SOME of that conversion to e-commerce would be permanent and
           | that trend of % of retail on ecom would keep increasing at a
           | faster pace than if COVID had not happened. Which wasn't the
           | worse bet to take, you'd think that if people get used to a
           | certain way of shopping and we invest in all this ecom
           | infrastructure, some people would prefer the convenience of
           | it in the long term.
           | 
           | Tobi explained it well in his announcement for layoffs last
           | year at Shopify (which came much earlier than other tech
           | companies, likely because their revenue is much more strongly
           | related to ecom revenue) https://news.shopify.com/changes-to-
           | shopifys-team
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > Meanwhile, Apple has a mostly-stable massive chunk of the
         | consumer device market and has always had a profit margin that
         | is startlingly high. Not much has changed as far as they're
         | concerned.
         | 
         | Apple had a big bump in pandemic-related revenue too, inspired
         | by mass WFH hardware purchases. And now Apple revenue has gone
         | down as well: https://sixcolors.com/post/2023/02/apple-results-
         | and-charts-...
        
           | cguess wrote:
           | But they were selling the same thing, just because more
           | people buy laptops doesn't mean you have to hire more
           | hardware engineers. The design is the same, you scale your
           | outsourced manufacturing instead. With e-commerce you
           | absolutely need more engineers to maintain the software and
           | you need to buy more servers and hire more sysadmins etc.
        
             | underbluewaters wrote:
             | Is software supposed to be a low marginal cost business?
             | Why would I need more engineers if my site has 50% more
             | traffic?
        
               | prewett wrote:
               | Strictly speaking, software as a low-cost marginal
               | business originally referred to shrink-wrapped
               | application software. If your website is basically a buy
               | button with a download link, you fall into that category.
               | But now your distribution needs have scaled, so either
               | you hire more people to deal with shipping out CDs, or
               | make sure your website scale. And if your software _is_
               | the distribution (as is the case for websites, SaaS,
               | cloud apps) you might need more engineers.
        
             | intrasight wrote:
             | Your assertion makes no sense. If anything, physical goods
             | should take more people than does cloud software.
             | 
             | These dotcoms hired more people because that's what dotcoms
             | do when they can.
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | > you absolutely need more engineers to maintain the
             | software and you need to buy more servers and hire more
             | sysadmins etc.
             | 
             | Apple makes software, you know. ;-)
             | 
             | They also have many internet services, such as iCloud, App
             | Store, Apple Music, TV+, etc.
        
               | cguess wrote:
               | None of which scaled significantly due to the pandemic.
               | Everyone at companies that use Macs had Macs already, so
               | if they're not using the one at work anymore there's not
               | a net increase of Mac users.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | Um, Mac sales skyrocketed during the pandemic. Anyway,
               | Apple makes other products that use internet services
               | too, like iPad, and... have you heard of iPhone? ;-)
               | 
               | App Store downloads also increased a lot during the
               | pandemic.
        
         | klodolph wrote:
         | Amazon, Google, and Meta all seem to make riskier bets, too.
         | 
         | Both strategies make sense--make big, risky investments, or
         | grind out more profits in existing, highly lucrative markets.
        
           | dmitriid wrote:
           | > Amazon, Google, and Meta all seem to make riskier bets,
           | too.
           | 
           | What are those risky bets I wonder?
           | 
           | Meanwhile Apple rolled out a completely custom CPU and
           | transitioned all its hardware to it.
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | > Meanwhile Apple rolled out a completely custom CPU and
             | transitioned all its hardware to it.
             | 
             | Amazon literally did the same with Graviton (to be fair
             | they acquired a company doing this and used their work as
             | the basis, but still). Google literally developed TPUs in
             | the same timeframe, while also trying a few other things
             | (Stadia, rip, comes to mind).
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Neither of those were risky in the sense of "if it fails,
               | it takes the company with them".
        
               | jsnell wrote:
               | Apple making their own CPUs would also not have taken
               | down the company. They took small incremental steps; at
               | any point, a failure of their own CPU program would at
               | worst have meant using a commercially available SOC (with
               | probably great terms), or alternatively skipping the SOC
               | refresh for a year.
               | 
               | In fact, by your criteria, I doubt that Apple has made a
               | single risky bet this millennium. Even the iPhone failing
               | would not have taken down the company at that stage.
        
               | lnsru wrote:
               | Look, if you want some new hardware using latest node
               | it's expensive. You must sign nice expensive contract
               | with foundry and pay pay pay before anything comes out.
               | It's risky, there is no guarantee, that all produced
               | chips work as expected. And it's done in secret for years
               | with insane stress for engineers. They can leak or chip
               | can be a failure. There is no way to get any SoC on the
               | marked in desired quantities for Apple with short lead
               | times. Changing processor was risky for them.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Riiiight. iPhone is not risky, but small scale Graviton
               | production by Amazon is.
               | 
               | Gotcha.
        
               | jsnell wrote:
               | I don't know where you got that from. You defined the
               | criteria. By that criteria, neither Apple or Amazon ran a
               | risky CPU project.
               | 
               | Now, the reason is that your criteria for what is risky
               | are pretty stupid, as evidenced by not even the iPhone
               | meeting that bar. But don't blame me for it: again, you
               | are the one who set the bar at the failure of the entire
               | company.
        
           | yamtaddle wrote:
           | I get putting Meta on that list because of its bet that worse
           | Second Life can be a hyper-lucrative business model, but the
           | other two?
        
         | kenjackson wrote:
         | Not only that, but you have to recall there was the chip
         | shortage before and during the pandemic. Given Apple's reliance
         | on HW sales, it would be foolish to ramp up hiring when you
         | can't obtain the materials for your products. While at the same
         | time people moved to buying everything online and having
         | Teams/Zoom calls for all work and school. The situation was
         | just very different for Apple vs Amazon/Google/Microsoft/Zoom.
        
           | wincy wrote:
           | There was a chip shortage for old machines, bigger
           | fabrication sizes, and because car manufacturers and others
           | stupidly canceled their contracts with chip makers,
           | anticipating a downturn when instead there was a huge boom in
           | demand.
           | 
           | Apple was largely unaffected by this because they are first
           | in line for new fabrication processes, did not cancel their
           | existing chip orders, and uses mostly modern fabs anyway, not
           | bargain basement 40nm+ stuff.
           | 
           | The M1 and other 5nm and smaller chips largely kept pace with
           | demand. It's never been difficult to find a Mac throughout
           | the pandemic.
        
         | jsnell wrote:
         | > Other companies were willing to hire lots of developers
         | because the ROI on devs was good compared to low inflation and
         | low interest rates
         | 
         | Was the ROI good though? Did any of these companies seem to
         | deliver new products or features faster? Do their financials
         | suggest that these devs somehow improved operational efficiency
         | (e.g. improved gross margins)?
         | 
         | Or was it just that they hired because they could afford to?
        
           | trilobyte wrote:
           | I think it was more of a tragedy of the commons where some
           | companies started aggressively hiring, and other companies
           | followed suit to avoid losing access to talent. The pandemic
           | was a huge societal event, but nothing indicated it was going
           | to be the new normal and CEOs who grew headcount expecting it
           | to go on indefinitely made a huge, and arguably an easily
           | avoidable, misstep.
        
           | jonfw wrote:
           | Most orgs claim that they need X% more money to serve X% more
           | users, and they use that money to hire X% more devs. Since
           | the users and money are both there, they get it in the short
           | term, and nobody looks at the big picture until money
           | tightens up
        
         | Ancalagon wrote:
         | Was it even mostly devs that were hired/fired? Anecdotally on
         | the firing side it's mostly recruiters and business ops even
         | for these companies
        
         | jjirsa wrote:
         | > Apple's underlying economics haven't changed, so they have
         | not had any reason to over-hire in the first place.
         | 
         | The bloomberg article has a visual showing revenue-per-employee
         | going up from 1.17M/employee (2017-2019) to 2.51M/employee
         | (2020-2022), so ... some of the underlying economics changed
         | somehow?
        
           | orangecat wrote:
           | _revenue-per-employee going up from 1.17M /employee
           | (2017-2019) to 2.51M/employee (2020-2022)_
           | 
           | The pandemic probably contributed to that, but also during
           | that period they went from their worst line of Macs in recent
           | years to their best.
        
       | wand3r wrote:
       | > Apple, meanwhile, was more cautious. Its headcount increased
       | just 20% from 2020 to 2022
       | 
       | At Apples size this is still pretty huge. At least, I thought it
       | was until I saw that Amazon, Meta and Salesforce basically
       | DOUBLED in 2 years.
       | 
       | If this data is correct isnt that insane? How can you effectively
       | double orgs of this size over a 2 year period? Its not like a
       | startup with 50 people or something. I guess I was out of the
       | loop on just how big the hiring was over the pandemic. Not that
       | layoffs are good for employees and workers like me, but these
       | companies must still have retained tons of the hires as RIFs in
       | tech seem to be about 7-20%.
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | Yes. Apple's size is still large but isn't ten times as large
         | as Amazon, nor has it grown as much in a short space of time.
         | 
         | But surely someone must have questioned the industry mass over
         | hiring with the Covid bubble and VC cheap money fuelling it for
         | decades to result in these mass layoffs?
        
         | kypro wrote:
         | I can't speak to Meta, but Saleforce and Amazon probably needed
         | to hire during the pandemic to keep on with demand.
         | 
         | Amazon saw a massive spike in their ecommerce business due to
         | lockdowns so they had to hire to ensure they had the labour to
         | deal with all the extra orders and deliveries. And even with
         | this extra hiring I remember my deliveries being delayed often
         | in 2020.
         | 
         | Saleforce is a weird software company because my understanding
         | is a lot of their staff are there to help clients with
         | integrations, manage accounts and to upsell. Again, assuming
         | Salesforce saw a spike in demand during the pandemic they
         | probably needed more employees because of the nature of their
         | business.
         | 
         | My guess is that Apple also had to ramp up manufacturing
         | significantly during the pandemic to meet demand, but obviously
         | they don't employee people directly to do their manufacturing
         | which probably gave them more flexibility when it came to
         | meeting pandemic demand without increasing head count.
         | 
         | For the most part I don't understand why people act like tech
         | companies were hiring recklessly during the pandemic. Are
         | people forgetting how much demand was pulled forward by
         | stimulus and lockdowns? These companies were forced to hire or
         | lose market share. That's really the only two options they had.
         | 
         | Personally I'd be blaming politicians and the Fed for creating
         | an impossible economic environment to operate in. If you were a
         | company in 2020 your demand was either skyrocketing from
         | lockdowns or at zero because you were forced to close your
         | business. There was no in-between. Tech employees as initial
         | beneficiaries of lockdowns are only now seeing the impact of
         | job losses, but these were happening on mass elsewhere in the
         | economy while lockdowns were in place.
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | I definitely blame the Fed.
           | 
           | It's pretty hard to be in charge of a public company and say
           | no to the shareholders who want you to take advantage of the
           | sudden bubble in demand.
           | 
           | Companies would have been punished for not growing, and now
           | they are being punished if they don't shrink.
           | 
           | Who created that perverse system of incentives? The Fed, by
           | making a number of mistakes in the past decade that kept the
           | economy overboosted, by boosting it even more during 2020,
           | and then by taking drastic action to kill the monster they
           | created.
        
             | kypro wrote:
             | Where this logic irritates me the most is in the housing
             | market.
             | 
             | Similarly to those who blame companies for over hiring to
             | meet pandemic demand, I've seen some people suggest the
             | average home buyer was being reckless for buying a home
             | during the pandemic, because "they brought the bubble!"
             | 
             | I guess it's strange to me how the Fed can pump every asset
             | class to the moon, force companies to over hire to meet
             | demand, and cause a huge inflationary problem for consumers
             | - all while promising not to raise interest rates - then
             | rug pull everyone but get no blame for any of it.
             | 
             | Instead I find I'm invited to blame the average business or
             | home owner for being "reckless" for hiring to meet demand
             | for buying a home for their family, while praising the Fed
             | for "doing what's necessary"? Give me a break.
        
         | twblalock wrote:
         | It was a symptom of the bubble economy, particularly in
         | e-commerce and online services, that materialized during the
         | pandemic and was egged on by a series of mistakes made by the
         | Fed.
         | 
         | Demand looked like it was growing massively with no end in
         | sight, valuations were insane, and money was easy to get.
         | 
         | A lot of companies didn't stop to think that maybe it was all
         | just a bubble. So they hired to avoid missing out.
         | 
         | Basic things like running a sustainable business with a sane
         | balance sheet were not scrutinized by investors. Now they are,
         | and in the layoff emails to employees we see CEOs talking about
         | how that is important, as if they suddenly realized it for the
         | first time.
         | 
         | To be fair, some of those companies probably did make a lot
         | more money than they would have if they hadn't taken advantage
         | of the situation -- and they probably would have been punished
         | by their shareholders if they didn't.
        
         | vineyardmike wrote:
         | So, like everything, that's not the whole truth. Apple was much
         | more restrained, but that's because it's always been
         | restrained. I commented this before here, but not all tech
         | companies substantially changed behavior wrt hiring...
         | 
         | We forget that many of these companies have been doubling every
         | few years already. Google and meta were startups in the 2000s,
         | apple and Microsoft are 20+y older.
         | 
         | Basically, most of these tech companies have been hiring at a
         | constant rate for years, and also experiencing constant
         | attrition. Once the economy soured, and then hiring freezes
         | started, attrition rates had crashed, and the employee count
         | wasn't as affected by freeze as desired. The layoffs have been
         | roughly a reset towards the headcount before the freeze for
         | many companies.
         | 
         | While the whole article is paywalled, I'll quote an excerpt
         | from ben Thompson:
         | 
         | > The popular narrative right now about these layoffs is that
         | tech companies dramatically over-hired during the pandemic, but
         | while that seems to have happened with Amazon -- and for
         | arguably very good reasons given the way that e-commerce shot
         | up during lockdowns in particular -- the reality is that the
         | rest of the tech companies largely increased at the same rate
         | they always had. Sure, the number of employees they added was
         | large, but that was a function of keeping the same hiring rate
         | off of an ever increasing base.
         | 
         | > In short, no one was giving up a job at one of the big five
         | tech companies this year as fear spread about a broad-based
         | slowdown in hiring... These companies, though, adjusted more
         | slowly to the slower rate of attrition, which means they
         | accidentally increased their headcount... the relatively
         | limited size of the layoffs to date actually reflects that:
         | these companies are not returning to their pre-pandemic levels
         | of employees, but rather to where they would be had they kept
         | up roughly the same rates of hiring this year that they have
         | over the last ten
         | 
         | [0] https://stratechery.com/2023/tech-layoffs-big-techs-
         | hiring-r...
        
         | pbreit wrote:
         | Working and then getting severance seems better than not
         | working...
        
         | throwaway1777 wrote:
         | Correct on all counts. The hiring was insane and even with the
         | cuts the number of employees is still higher than 2020
        
         | steve1977 wrote:
         | > How can you effectively double orgs of this size over a 2
         | year period?
         | 
         | Apparently you can't.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | Given the number of orgs that have done this quite
           | successfully in the BC (before Covid) era, it seems like you
           | can.
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | I dunno about that. I was at Facebook for five years, it
             | doubled in headcount basically every year. The culture when
             | I joined was very, very different to the culture when I
             | left. And even after the layoffs they're still double the
             | size they were when I left.
        
         | blockwriter wrote:
         | Was there any federal program that encouraged hiring at these
         | large corporations as part of the COVID bills?
        
           | slt2021 wrote:
           | companies borrowed billions (startups via equity raise,
           | publics via debt offering at almost zero % rates) and quickly
           | increased headcount in the name of chasing growth
        
         | strangattractor wrote:
         | If your attitude is adjust your workforce at will then who
         | cares. If I can hire twice as many people and get X done twice
         | as fast then do it. At some point it is likely X is done and I
         | don't need the people. Dump them on the streets. Unethical
         | maybe but not irrational.
        
         | trilobyte wrote:
         | When Google announced 12,000 layoffs, for anyone reading past
         | the headline this came on the back of hiring 41,000 people over
         | the last two years. 41,000 is about 1/2 the total employees of
         | Salesforce as of October 2022.
        
         | yodsanklai wrote:
         | I wonder what it tells about employees selection and their
         | level. Was it harder to get into Google/Meta 5-10 years ago
         | than within the hiring boom?
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | Do you have a link to data supporting the doubling? I would
         | love to see the numbers!
        
           | wand3r wrote:
           | It was in TFA. Unfortunately I can't get past the paywall
           | again. There was a graph that had employee growth. I left out
           | a couple companies but Meta and Google were mid 90's% and SF
           | was something like 104% from 2020-2022. The source in the
           | article was "Bloomberg" presumably they are from public
           | filings.
        
           | Wojtkie wrote:
           | The numbers are in the article...
        
             | baxtr wrote:
             | Ok, thanks. I admit am lazy and mostly read just comments
             | :/
        
         | williamcotton wrote:
         | It was all totally insane. The actual narrative of the layoffs
         | is this:
         | 
         | High performing public tech companies went totally insane and
         | doubled their head counts. Everyone else was a cargo cult with
         | an open checkbook so they insanity-squared their head counts.
         | No one could possibly manage such a gigantic influx of
         | knowledge workers so resources were obviously being poorly
         | allocated industry-wide. This first had an impact on low
         | performing public companies, followed by the higher performing
         | public companies, and then the cargo cults.
         | 
         | The places that didn't go insane were not only unaffected but
         | stand to benefit immensely.
        
           | blackflame7000 wrote:
           | [dead]
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | If someone is insane, is their next move sane?
           | 
           | Are they a good investment?
        
         | etempleton wrote:
         | Growing too fast is damaging to both culture and productivity.
         | You have a bunch of people starting that are still learning.
         | Depending on the job and the person it can take a full year to
         | be fully competent in a job.
         | 
         | Apple was smart to move slower. They are probably one of the
         | best run companies in the world.
        
           | mbesto wrote:
           | > Growing too fast is damaging to both culture and
           | productivity.
           | 
           | This seems to be general sentiment here lately. Do you have
           | any evidence to support this or is purely conjecture?
        
             | spacephysics wrote:
             | Not that I have a rigorous source, but I feel we can
             | generally agree the following:
             | 
             | New hires take anywhere from 3 months to 8 months or more
             | depending on the position to ramp up
             | 
             | During ramp up period, there's a productivity toll taken on
             | the team via teaching the new hire
             | 
             | Thus during this time, productivity is hampered
             | 
             | ----
             | 
             | For culture, I think it's a bit more subjective. But if you
             | have a team of 5 who then gets 1 new hire to teach over 6
             | months, generally it allows them to "mesh" better in the
             | culture.
             | 
             | Both in terms of team mates learning about the new hire,
             | and the new hire having room to fit in within the culture,
             | and bring their own value to the team (assuming an already
             | existing good culture.
             | 
             | Now say you have 3 new hires on a team of 5. If we further
             | presume productivity is also hampered more as more people
             | are onboarded at once, that creates additional stress on
             | the team to teach them.
             | 
             | Further, it could be harder to have the new hires feel part
             | of the team if less time is spent getting to know each one.
             | But assume this isn't the case:
             | 
             | Business will most likely expect _at least_ the same
             | productivity from the team. Now they're stressed from
             | teaching, higher expectations on their output (onboarding a
             | team member is tiring work), and the business is going to
             | soon expect productivity to increase further after
             | headcount is upped by over 50% in this example.
             | 
             | Now take that, and add on new teams created to interact
             | with, additional communication layers, and it's pretty
             | straightforward to assume growing too fast can be negative
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | Okay cool. But, none of this addresses the opportunity
               | cost. What happens if you _don 't_ hire fast and you miss
               | revenue opportunities.
               | 
               | As the saying goes "revenue solves everything".
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | Cash flow solves everything, or profit solves everything
               | are perhaps better phrases, since apparently people
               | forgot that the purpose of a company is to make profit,
               | not just revenue.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | You can have run a company for zero profit and it can
               | still be a benefit to society, so no the "purpose of a
               | company is to make profit" is not necessarily true.
               | 
               |  _" If we want to know what a business is, we have to
               | start with its purpose. And the purpose must lie outside
               | the business itself. In fact, it must lie in society,
               | since a business enterprise is an organ of society. There
               | is only one valid definition of business purpose: to
               | create a customer. The customer is a foundation of a
               | business and keeps it in existence. The customer alone
               | gives employment. And it is to supply the customer that
               | society entrusts wealth-producing resources to the
               | business enterprise.
               | 
               | Because it is the purpose to create a customer, any
               | business enterprise has two - and only two - basic
               | functions: marketing and innovation. These are the
               | entrepreneurial functions. Marketing is the
               | distinguishing, the unique function of the business."_
               | 
               | - Peter Drucker
        
           | kefirlife wrote:
           | Apple does a lot right. However, I find their insistence on
           | keeping their teams in an office to be strange. My experience
           | with Apple internally was an overly positive and optimistic
           | culture, to the point where they had a hard time identifying,
           | or discussing, what did not work well.
        
             | Gigachad wrote:
             | I predict that Apples in office culture is going to be key
             | to their success.
        
             | etempleton wrote:
             | Apple built one of the most expensive office complexes in
             | the world. They are going to want people in the office.
             | 
             | Additionally they deal a lot with hardware design. Being in
             | the office is going to be easier for certain things,
             | particularly when you are as secretive as Apple.
        
             | cjohnson318 wrote:
             | Aside from all the talk about the crazy ones, the misfits,
             | the rebels, etc. I found Apple to be very conservative and
             | buttoned up, which I found very reassuring. I've never
             | worked anywhere else in the FAANG-sphere, but it seemed
             | like the polar opposite of "Googley".
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | there is a cultural mindset especially among startups that
           | it's better to be alive and having to make layoffs than to
           | move conservatively, have a faster mover overtake you and
           | push you out of the market, and be dead. "The graveyards are
           | full of businesses that moved appropriately for the market
           | conditions", to warp a saying.
           | 
           | apple is an enormously stable company in ways that (to be
           | very honest) even most other tech blue-chips are not. even
           | microsoft or google have the sword of damocles hanging over
           | them - given a sufficiently long and severe position of
           | mismanagement it is possible that even google or MS could be
           | unseated or even go under. arguably that is the trajectory MS
           | was on in the 00s, and google could be similarly unseated by
           | AI.
           | 
           | intel would be a great real-world example of that. Even 10
           | years ago the thought of big blue losing control was
           | unthinkable, _un-thinkable_. And here we are, they 're
           | circling the drain right now and need to make very deep cuts
           | and refocus on the essentials or they're going to be in
           | bankruptcy in 5-10 years, during a down market in general and
           | a specific market that they glutted during the pandemic (a
           | lot of customers have enough PCs/laptops/servers for quite a
           | while). And in contrast Apple is still making money hand-
           | over-fist despite the market conditions - now _that 's_
           | stability.
           | 
           | I'm not going to say that google or MS doubling their size on
           | a short-term timescale sounds like a _good_ idea but it 's a
           | ride-or-die industry, you're pretty much either getting
           | bigger or getting smaller, and mere homeostasis is a rare
           | luxury.
        
             | ben7799 wrote:
             | This is kind of a west coast SV/social/adtech type of
             | startup mentality.
             | 
             | Working east coast in more traditional tech companies this
             | has never really been a thing. It's always been
             | conservative, staying profitable, etc.. It is the older
             | way.
             | 
             | Apple, MS, etc.. were built this way too of course.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Well, of course, how many of the east coast minicomputer
               | companies are still around? That said, I agree in
               | general, there's probably a general difference in
               | approach between east coast and west coast. (And the mix
               | of companies--and government--is generally different and
               | reflects that.)
        
           | inetknght wrote:
           | > _[Apple is] probably one of the best run companies in the
           | world._
           | 
           | I would argue that perhaps Apple's _business_ side of things
           | is arguably well-run. I personally disagree; I think that
           | since Tim Cook has taken over, Apple 's business focus is
           | more on short-term gains instead of long-term quality.
           | 
           | But I would also strongly argue that their software side of
           | things has been trending downward ( _especially_ in terms of
           | quality) since Tim Cook took over.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | I don't know, people have been lamenting the poor quality
             | of Apple software and how much better it was in the old
             | days since I got my first Mac in 2007, at least that's when
             | I became aware of the complaints. If it was really on a
             | substantial continual down trend from then, by now nothing
             | would work at all. Apple continues to invest massively in
             | software, that means a ton of new code, which means a ton
             | of new bugs. You can't develop new software and not have
             | quality issues.
             | 
             | Apple continues to make extremely long term highly
             | strategic investments. You don't get to develop a highly
             | original, industry leading SOC architecture without long
             | term investment in technology. Bankrolling new process node
             | development and thereby locking in capacity in strategic
             | contracts doesn't happen by accident or on a whim.
             | Development and implementation of the Apple watch happened
             | entirely in the post-Jobs era.
             | 
             | So I just don't see it, they continue to commit to heavy
             | long term investment in capital intensive technology
             | projects and innovative new products. Not everything works
             | out. The touch bar and butterfly keyboards were notable
             | misses. But then that's always been true. I look at the
             | phones, desktops, laptops, watch, Airpods, iPads, etc.
             | They're the most Apple-y products Apple has ever produced,
             | and not a single one of them is a me-to product slapped
             | together to ride a trend.
        
               | smm11 wrote:
               | It was a very dark era for Apple, but the Power Computing
               | years were the best time to be an Apple fanboy IMO. You
               | had commodity firebreathing PC hardware running OS 8
               | better than Macs did, more ports and connectivity, the
               | software was best-in-class, and this was the era with no
               | spyware, telemetry and all the BS we face now.
               | 
               | And yes, I was still buying legit Macs and software, and
               | a lot of stock when it was at $11. It was a blast, I tell
               | you.
        
               | bgm1975 wrote:
               | Uhh, speak for yourself. As a fanboy myself back then, it
               | was kinda terrifying. Sure Power Computing was able to
               | bump the bus speed beyond what Apple seemed to to able to
               | do, but they also cannibalized Apple's hardware market
               | which they needed to stay alive. Also it became clear
               | that the wheels were falling off the "new" OS rewrite
               | (Rhapsody) project with no real plan for remedying. It
               | was scary times when Microsoft had to help bail them out.
               | Honestly, buying NeXT was the accidentally smartest move
               | Apple executives made. I remember how cool BeOS was but
               | was glad they chose NeXTStep over it. Mostly, because I
               | was a Unix fanboy by that time too.
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | You can pry my Motorola StarMax out of my cold dead
               | hands.
               | 
               | ... the fact that the StarMax product hasn't been powered
               | on for over two decades is beside the point. I want my
               | nostalgia!
        
               | traceroute66 wrote:
               | > the Power Computing years were the best time
               | 
               | No, it really wasn't.
               | 
               | I know people who were techs for retail stores at the
               | time.
               | 
               | The sheer volume of shit cheap-ass clones that crossed
               | their workbenches during that era....
        
               | hailwren wrote:
               | Ehh, Apple has some big misses. Their software
               | objectively sucks. OS X has gotten buggier and slower
               | over the years. I traded "it just works" for the speed
               | and customization of linux years ago and would _really_
               | like the benefits of Apple hardware but can't bite the
               | bullet on Apple software (Asahi isn't in a good enough
               | spot yet to be my primary computer imo).
               | 
               | The iPad pro line is a travesty. IPadOS is horrible,
               | Apple need to take it out back and shoot it. The hardware
               | fits a great niche but Apple have ruined it with their
               | gimmicky software.
               | 
               | IPhones have been getting bigger, heavier, and last less
               | time with each generation. I recently upgraded from the
               | 11 to the 14 pro, and the hardware feels strictly worse.
               | It's snappier and has a digital island, but it's
               | significantly heavier and is the first iPhone I've ever
               | really been worried about dying during the day (even
               | after turning off the stupid always on display).
               | 
               | AirPods have probably been their biggest win in recent
               | years. The original were amazing, Pros, and Pro 2 were
               | significant upgrades and they're a big reason (along w/
               | apple ecosystem integration) I won't jump ship for
               | android. Maxs are horrible, heavy, and I just don't
               | understand why people like them at all (bose + sony both
               | make better headphones for cheaper here).
        
               | gsinclair wrote:
               | For my use case (education) iPad Pro is a godsend. I
               | don't see anything wrong with it.
        
               | hailwren wrote:
               | What feature of the pro makes it worth $150 ($650 if you
               | have the larger screen) more than the comparable iPad?
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | 120Hz + Apple Pencil.
        
               | hailwren wrote:
               | So, 120hz is only on the 12.9. If it's worth twice the
               | price to you, that's your decision.
               | 
               | The apple pencil difference is magnetic charging and
               | magnetic storage on the side of the ipad. Which is nice,
               | but it also means you have the camera in the absolutely
               | most annoying spot in the world. Good luck using faceID
               | while you're browsing and you're always going to have the
               | worst angle/look like you're staring into space during
               | video calls.
               | 
               | iPadOS just doesn't cut it for multi-tasking/any pro
               | workload that would justify an M2 chip
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | People have been lamenting about MacOS software quality
               | since I got my first Mac in 1992.
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | You mean "short term" of a decade? Apple created two hugely
             | profitable segments since Cook - wearables, services.
             | 
             | The Macs are better than ever.
             | 
             | What else should he be doing?
        
             | bell-cot wrote:
             | >...more on short-term gains instead of long-term
             | quality...
             | 
             | Considering that Tim has been CEO for 11 1/2 years now, and
             | things are still going incredibly well for Apple...it seems
             | pretty hard to argue that he is too focused on the short
             | term.
             | 
             | (FWIW, I mostly agree about their software quality.)
        
               | dumpsterdiver wrote:
               | Speaking of software quality, anyone notice in Apple
               | Music how the categories all start with Apple? Apple
               | Dance music, Apple Country, Apple Pop... like are they
               | trying to make it intentionally difficult for me to use
               | my eyes to find music? I know that I'm using Apple
               | Music... why does every category need to remind me of
               | that while simultaneously impeding my ability to locate
               | things alphabetically? Of course, when I use Siri I can
               | just say "play Dance music" and it works. Hmm.
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | It could be worse. If you were on Android, about half of
               | Google's 1P apps start with "Google", and about half
               | don't, even ones that probably should (like Google Home).
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | Soon in supermarkets near you: the Apple Apple.
               | Beautiful, healthy, tasty; no buttons!
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | Cutting it into quarters requires a special knife that
               | costs $500
        
               | covercash wrote:
               | But it's the nicest knife I own... and I'm saving the
               | box.
        
               | flangola7 wrote:
               | And what's the last revolutionary consumer technology
               | that has come out of Apple? The original successful Macs,
               | the iPod, the iPhone, iTunes, those were all under Jobs.
        
               | Adraghast wrote:
               | Quite the standard you've set there!
        
               | yunwal wrote:
               | You might dismiss it, but for me AirPods are the biggest
               | QOL improvement from tech since smartphones. Bluetooth
               | headphones were atrociously hard to use before them.
        
               | infotogivenm wrote:
               | Watch and airpods are both rather successful products
               | that capture about 30% industry market share every year.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | M1, M2, AirPods
        
               | anthomtb wrote:
               | What revolutionary consumer technology has emerged since
               | the iPhone, from any company?
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | I don't know about revolutionary, but Apple's service
               | revenue alone for 2022 was larger than the revenue of
               | McDonald's and Nike combined. Things can be wild runaway
               | successes without being revolutionary.
               | 
               | https://finbold.com/apple-services-2022-statistics/
        
               | nobaddays wrote:
               | M chips, airpods, watch
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | When the iPhone was introduced , there were already 1
               | billion phones being sold each year. Sj said he wanted
               | Apple to sell 10 million to capture 1% of the market.
               | 
               | There can't really be anything bigger than the phone
               | market that has 90%+ world wide penetration.
        
               | naravara wrote:
               | I people tend to have a bit of rose tinted glasses on
               | about Apple's software quality of yore. There have always
               | been big stability issues with new features and apps. And
               | they've simply never been good at the UX for anything
               | that involves a network connection or has to sync across
               | multiple systems (besides Safari). The big difference is
               | that more and more computing requires syncing and
               | networking, which is their traditional weak point.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > There have always been big stability issues with new
               | features and apps.
               | 
               | But they got fixed. At times there were 2 full years
               | between major Mac OS X releases. 2 years of bug fix
               | updates. And that was when Apple only had 1 major
               | operating system! Now with the relentless yearly
               | schedule, there's never time to fix bugs before they
               | start working on the next big thing and adding brand new
               | bugs. The problems just keep piling up year after year.
               | The software is now underwater in technical debt.
               | 
               | Part of OS stability is simply not shipping new major
               | versions too often. The new major versions are always
               | buggier than the previous major version with many minor
               | patches. Not to mention, Apple now pushes everyone to
               | install the latest OS immediately. In the old days, you
               | had to go out to the store and buy a new Mac OS X version
               | on disc, so everyone wasn't upgrading to 10.N.0 on day
               | one. Slower adoption means that fewer consumers have to
               | suffer the early growing pains of new software.
        
               | ynx wrote:
               | Been on macOS since 10.3. In general, the .1 or .2
               | patches were solid, and if one release seemed like a
               | stinker the next one tick-tocked its way into
               | stability/quality pretty reliably, and staying on N-1
               | version while N was out was a pretty good choice if you
               | wanted to keep your setup as-is without falling TOO far
               | behind.
               | 
               | Also, Safari was really bad, early on. It was rendered
               | unusable for me when a runaway bookmark sync problem with
               | iCloud turned the default set of bookmarks into 30+
               | thousand copies.
        
               | ben7799 wrote:
               | You're thinking of recent Apple. You have to consider the
               | first half of Apple's lifetime too.
               | 
               | Especially in the second half of the 1990s Apple was in
               | very very tough shape due to poor software and
               | uncompetitive hardware. Their fans wouldn't admit it but
               | the company definitely knew what they were up against.
               | 
               | There's pretty much been no point 2000-present where
               | Apple quality has been worse than it was Pre-2000, and
               | their prices have never been more competitive either.
        
             | brookst wrote:
             | Usually people decrying short-termism mean focuses on
             | quarters rather than years. Are you saying Cook's 10+ years
             | that took the company from $100B/year to $400B/year are the
             | short term, and it is at the expense of the next 90 years?
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | > _Are you saying Cook's 10+ years that took the company
               | from $100B /year to $400B/year are the short term_
               | 
               | Yes, however it's clearly successful.
               | 
               | > _Are you saying Cook's 10+ years that took the company
               | is at the expense of the next 90 years?_
               | 
               | Apple is slowly pulling away consumer ownership of their
               | devices and is turning into an advertisement company. I
               | honestly believe that _is_ at the expense of the next 90
               | years. And this is rather more the point that I tried to
               | make: short term profits at the expense of long-term
               | customer satisfaction.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | "Apple is doomed any day now". That's been the narrative
               | for over 40 years.
               | 
               | So which customers aren't satisfied? The people on HN
               | that want to run Linux on the Apple Watch?
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | > "Apple is doomed any day now". That's been the
               | narrative for over 40 years.
               | 
               | And they almost went out of business at least twice, once
               | they survived because MS bailed them out.
               | 
               | Apple pre-iPod was a source of amusing commercials. Pre
               | iPhone they were the catalyst for change in the music
               | industry, but they were still a consumer goods company
               | with one product that had pretty wide, but still overall
               | limited appeal.
               | 
               | Apple still doesn't have a diversified revenue stream. If
               | Microsoft had to stop selling Windows today, they'd still
               | make a fortune from Office. If Microsoft had to stop
               | selling Office and Windows today, they'd still make a
               | (much smaller) fortune from Azure.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Just Mac revenue by itself would be the envy of most
               | companies.
               | 
               | But you can easily look at Apple's revenue breakdown
               | between Mac, iPads, services, wearables, etc and see that
               | it is well diversified.
               | 
               | And Microsoft never "bailed them out". Before the MS deal
               | was signed, Apple had already gotten a line of credit for
               | a couple of billion. The $250 million that Microsoft
               | invested in Apple was nothing.
               | 
               | Apple turned around and used $100 million to buy out
               | PowerComputings Mac license. It didn't become profitable
               | for another two years. The little money that Microsoft
               | invested didn't make a difference.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | What % of those wearables and services are tied to
               | devices?
               | 
               | If iPhones vanished tomorrow, how much trouble would
               | Apple be in? Wearables are 100% attach rate to iPhone,
               | and I'd presume so are the vast majority of service
               | subscribers.
               | 
               | > Before the MS deal was signed, Apple had already gotten
               | a line of credit for a couple of billion. The $250
               | million that Microsoft invested in Apple was nothing.
               | 
               | As others said, the software support, browser + office
               | were huge.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | They would still have Mac revenue that is more than they
               | ever had pre-iPhone.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Microsoft's financial contribution was nothing, but
               | Office on Mac was huge. Had there been some third OS that
               | was thriving so Microsoft didn't feel the need to prop
               | Apple up for antitrust reasons, the world would be
               | different.
               | 
               | But so what? I can't believe someone is seriously arguing
               | that the failures of the Scully era are somehow damning
               | to Apple under Cook. Sure, every company _can_ fail.
               | Apple is the most profitable company in the world right
               | now, so it's an odd time to sing doom songs.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Office had been on the Mac since the 80s. Microsoft
               | didn't just wake up one day in 1997 and decide to port
               | Office to the Mac.
               | 
               | They promised to keep doing what they were already doing.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Are you saying that "any day now" and "next 90 years" are
               | the same narrative?
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Seeing that Apple and Microsoft both have a history of
               | staying relevant for over 45 years, Microsoft has been
               | one of the most valuable companies in the world for two
               | decades and Apple for over a decade, I would bet on these
               | two companies before any other company.
               | 
               | But it's not good enough just to be right, you have to be
               | right at the right time. How many products categories
               | failed during the dot com bust that are doing well now?
               | 
               | It's like me predicting the heat death of the sun. There
               | is a big difference between saying it will happen
               | eventually and that it will happen tomorrow.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Look, if Apple just made the watch open source with
               | fully-user-upgradable parts and modular CPU + display +
               | battery, and a command line interface, they would reach
               | _dozens_ of new customers.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | > turning into an advertisement company
               | 
               | Apple 2022 revenue: $398B[0]
               | 
               | Apple 2022 ad revenue: $4B[1]
               | 
               | It is possible, with a lot of effort, that Apple could go
               | from advertising representing 1% of revenue to maybe 10%
               | over the next 10 years. I don't think that's realistic,
               | but maybe. "Turning into an advertising company" is maybe
               | overstating?
               | 
               | Besides, the whole reason Apple is in advertising is that
               | free-with-ads is an important business model for media
               | and developers, and the other players are pretty
               | horrible. Me, I hate ads and will always pay directly for
               | apps/media, and I don't like what Apple's doing in ads.
               | But I think you're being a little over-dramatic there.
               | 
               | 0. https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/AAPL/apple/r
               | evenue
               | 
               | 1. https://www.vox.com/recode/2022/12/22/23513061/apple-
               | iphone-...
        
           | rcarr wrote:
           | "I think Apple is one of the strong companies and will stay a
           | strong company, I think it's ungodly well-managed." - Charlie
           | Munger
        
             | red-iron-pine wrote:
             | > I think it's ungodly well-managed.
             | 
             | So satan is involved? That might explain how Jobs came back
             | after getting boot #1.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | "Depending on the job and the person it can take a full year
           | to be fully competent in a job."
           | 
           | Some of us never become competent.
        
             | BurningFrog wrote:
             | And if you do become competent, you're soon promoted to
             | another job you're not competent for.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | And if you aren't promoted out of your competent zone,
               | you will need to job hop out of your competent zone in
               | order to obtain an actually competitive salary.
        
               | AdamN wrote:
               | Until eventually you are promoted to a role where you
               | never become competent and there you stay.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | This is why I turn down promotions. A promotion
               | (especially to a management position) means another step
               | toward the sort of work I don't enjoy and don't want to
               | do.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | You have to be careful how you do it. I was punished for
               | turning it down.
               | 
               | I was told that all I needed to do was work one extra
               | hour per day (in addition to normal support, elevation,
               | etc). Why would I take a position with higher
               | expectations for a 7% raise and a 13% increase in hours -
               | a rate cut? Plus, if I'm a high performer in my current
               | role I should be getting bigger bonuses.
               | 
               | I have a skip level where the department head asked what
               | my career goals were. And my answer was to stay in my
               | role. After all, I worked as a tech lead for a year and a
               | senior dev the year after, with no talk of advancement
               | until what I previously mentioned (which would be a rate
               | cut).
               | 
               | My manager got me from my desk the next work day and you
               | could tell he was pissed. He asked me why I would say
               | that sort of stuff and said that was "stupid". I
               | generally tell the truth and am pretty honest - I guess
               | I'm stupid that way.
               | 
               | I heard through a friend thst they wanted to get rid of
               | me for those comments and I managed to switch teams in
               | time. My career has been in a downward spiral since.
        
               | sosull wrote:
               | I can empathise. Telling them that you didn't want a
               | management-style position was probably the right move
               | given all the reasons you laid out, but it's also an
               | implicit rejection of everything that the people around
               | you are striving for. They equate management with
               | productivity and respect. You're thinking of it like the
               | difference between a pilot and an air traffic controller.
               | Jobs with vastly different purposes. But still, your
               | decision called their value system into question in a
               | very profound way. It's not like saying that you don't
               | want that kind of job, it's more like you didn't want to
               | work with them more closely. And most people, myself
               | included, don't have the emotional intelligence to handle
               | rejection maturely. It all gets very petty.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | That all makes sense, but this was for a promotion to
               | senior dev.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | > You have to be careful how you do it. I was punished
               | for turning it down.
               | 
               | Not only that - you may be perceived as a threat to
               | anyone who takes the post that was offered to you and,
               | since you turned it down, you have no actual power to
               | control what happens.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | True, you don't want to burn bridges.
               | 
               | But taking the description of your situation at face
               | value, I would have quit that company. Its values are so
               | different from mine that I'd feel I have no business
               | being there.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I didn't feel like I was burning bridges. I obviously
               | worded it more gently and stuff.
               | 
               | It's consistently ranked as a best place to work. The
               | written policies are great, but they don't matter because
               | there are unwritten backroom policies. They are also one
               | of the largest employers in the area and I can't move due
               | to family issues. I was screwed, but sure, if one has
               | other options, one should take them.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | Yeah, that's a tough spot.
        
               | gnicholas wrote:
               | What would you do if this came up again? Would you still
               | demur, but perhaps give a different reason (family needs
               | right now, etc.)?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Possibly the family needs thing (which is true for me
               | now, but wasn't then). I'm not sure it would have even
               | worked though. Once _they_ bring up the prospect of a
               | promotion, they 've already used a bunch of political
               | capital to open that spot for you and it's an insult to
               | say no. I get is different for other companies or even
               | just other departments, but that's how it was for that
               | one.
               | 
               | The other thing is, my company measures your engagement
               | and potential by how ambitious you are. The reason they
               | wanted to get rid of me is because they thought with an
               | answer like that I would be disengaged and didn't have
               | any potential.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | I don't know if it helps, but what I've done when turning
               | down promotions is to be sure they know that I'm pleased
               | and honored by the offer and value it. And that the
               | reason I'm turning it down is because I feel I can
               | provide the greatest value to the company in the position
               | I'm currently in.
               | 
               | All of which is true, and phrases things so they know
               | you're not turning your nose up at anything and that you
               | have the company's best interests in your mind.
        
               | hbn wrote:
               | I haven't necessarily turned down promotions, but I've
               | been at my job for over 2.5 years and have no desire to
               | make the jump from "developer" to "senior developer" like
               | most do, because while I'm sure you get a nice pay bump,
               | I know firsthand it just means you're in way more
               | meetings (of which I already think I'm in too many of)
               | and writing less code.
               | 
               | I don't even know what the extra pay would be, but it's
               | probably not enough to be worth making my job less
               | enjoyable.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | It depends on what "senior developer" means, though. With
               | my last 4 jobs, I was hired with the title "senior
               | developer" -- but what it indicated was my pay grade, not
               | my responsibilities. I was just a regular developer in
               | them all.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Those are probably the ones being let go.
             | 
             | That has always been a concern to me about being laid off
             | in one of these massive layoffs efforts. If it is pretty
             | much understood that in these moves the companies are
             | removing dead weight, does that stigma get attached to you
             | as you search for a new job.
        
               | noodlesUK wrote:
               | It's pretty hard to be choosy at that scale. I don't get
               | the impression that these large scale layoffs were
               | targeting individual low performers, but are rather
               | slashing entire business units. (I might be mistaken, but
               | that's the impression I've got)
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yeah, from what others have said, entire teams are being
               | cut.
        
               | rcarmo wrote:
               | Yep. This wasn't about low performers, at least not in my
               | company.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | If they can't hire competently, why do yoy think they can
               | fire competently?
        
               | apetresc wrote:
               | I think it's easier to identify a low performer after a
               | year of work than it is to identify a high performer
               | after an hour of whiteboarding.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Low-performers are not relevant to this discussion.
               | 
               | The accusation is that the companies hired more people
               | than they knew what to do with / could apply productively
               | in their business.
               | 
               | If such a basic task is beyond the capability of
               | decisionmakers, who is to say that they are capable of
               | collecting the feedback from rank-and-file employees
               | required to assess who needs firing?
               | 
               | Mangers have many concerns apart from Performance,
               | suppose we have Steve and Bob, and Bob is 50% more
               | productive than Steve, but Steve is in the middle of
               | delivering a critical project, millions of dollars are on
               | the line. Meanwhile Bob is in between projects, and today
               | they decided they must fire some staff, who do you think
               | will get fired?
               | 
               | Also, is performance one metric? Suppose Steve writes
               | worse code, but the business folks love his
               | presentations, he is really good at explaining the issues
               | facing the team. They can put Steve in front of a
               | corporate client and win business. They never see much of
               | Bob, even thought he is doing most of the 'real' work, so
               | who is more valuable?
               | 
               | Unless you are dealing with someone totally incompetent,
               | these questions are usually 'which skillset do we need
               | most' and they are not so simple.
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | While you're generally right, you'd be surprised. You can
               | go pretty far by throwing out a few buzzwords and sitting
               | through youtube how-tos.
               | 
               | IME, it's when the crunch time hits, or an outage, or
               | some other nasty surprise or fire, where you see the
               | competency show itself (or not).
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | This is not as true as you think, but it does depend on
               | the specific company. When I've been part of the hiring
               | process at various companies, I've never seen anyone
               | penalized for having been laid off.
        
             | danudey wrote:
             | Ideally it takes a full year for them to realize that
             | you're not competent, at which point you hit your 1 year
             | cliff and can snag 25% of your options or RSUs before you
             | get PIP'ed out.
        
               | glomgril wrote:
               | If you're at Amazon you'll walk away with 5% after one
               | year, and only 20% after two years.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | Plus the cash sign on bonus worth as much as 50% of your
               | stock. You actually come out ahead if you work at Amazon
               | for only two years, that's why a lot of people duck out
               | after two years.
        
               | mancerayder wrote:
               | And you hope the stock doesn't go down by 30 percent
               | after 6 months.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | This is misleading. You get a prorated sign up bonus for
               | the first two years that makes up for the back heavy
               | vesting schedule. With all of the tech sectors stock
               | price dropping, this has been a preferable outcome over
               | the last two years.
        
               | Gh0stRAT wrote:
               | True, but misleading. Amazon gives big cash bonuses to
               | new hires in years 1 and 2 in order to compensate for the
               | back-weighted vesting schedule.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I've been at my company for 10 years. It went: competent
               | -> high performer -> competent (promotion) -> high
               | performer -> competent -> low performer
        
               | arooaroo wrote:
               | This is known as the Peter Principle.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_principle
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I mean, not quite. My performance at the same level went
               | from high performer to low performer. So I was doing the
               | role very well for a while, even getting good reviews for
               | filling the role above mine (intermediate dev filling
               | tech lead role). Performance gradually atrophied
               | following my disenchantment and mistreatment.
        
               | yodsanklai wrote:
               | Did you go from high performer to low performer at the
               | same role? what has changed?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Things that changed: subdivisions/teams, tech stacks,
               | managers, areas of the business, enterprise
               | procedures/processes. Basically everything. They even
               | outsourced my job, then laid off my entire old department
               | to ship that entire business unit to another contract
               | company.
               | 
               | Then at home, kids and multiple family health issues. I
               | guess my age plays a role too.
        
           | a4isms wrote:
           | I use "Eternal September" for the cultural effect on
           | businesses that suddenly gorge themselves on new hires that
           | have no exposure to the existing culture or context. The
           | negative effects are loosely parallel to what happens when a
           | social medium breaks out of being a subculture and goes
           | mainstream.
        
           | sam0x17 wrote:
           | > They are probably one of the best run companies in the
           | world.
           | 
           | I would disagree with this. Although their risk is spread
           | much better than it was in the early 00s, a huge amount of
           | their recurring revenue right now teeters on the brink of
           | destruction in the form of their 30% app store cut and the
           | walled-garden nature of their app store. All it would take is
           | a morally principled, non-lobbied regulator to step in and
           | regulate that down to something reasonable like 5% or 3% and
           | require allowing third party app stores (both actions would
           | be equivalent economically because their current fee only
           | works because of their monopoly), and I don't see someting
           | like this not happening in the next decade.
           | 
           | It will be a huge and deserved adjustment when this does
           | happen, and stock speculation will only amplify the blow in
           | the form of lost stock value. There are many, many long-time
           | holders of apple stock who might see the threat of such an
           | event as a time to finally sell. Then we'll see how much
           | value is really there.
           | 
           | Additionally, they have sunk billions of dollars in a brand
           | new campus at a time when WFH is here to stay. That
           | investment will also likely turn out to be worthless in the
           | coming decades as the value of CRE races to $0.
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | I mean it is public information how much Apple makes from
             | services. It doesn't take much research to realize you are
             | wrong.
        
             | guhidalg wrote:
             | Commenting on the campus bit.... Apple makes devices, not
             | just software. Good luck developing device from home and
             | dealing with the constant headache of shipping samples
             | around the world. The campus was not a mistake.
        
               | officeplant wrote:
               | Trusted engineers get to take home prototypes. Usually
               | also loaned a maxed out Mac Pro so they have something
               | with enough memory to unpack MacOS's built in system
               | process recording mode. (digging through a 5 minute
               | recording of MacOS took ~~200GB of system memory to
               | unpack and evaluate.)
        
               | guhidalg wrote:
               | I assume by your answer that you work at Apple or know
               | someone who works there so let me clarify that I'm
               | talking about the messy work that happens before you have
               | a take home prototype for a device. I'm talking about
               | building the prototype with in-house machinery before
               | asking the manufacturer to make samples at the factory.
               | If you do work at Apple, do you hand assemble prototypes
               | at the office or do you just ask the manufacturer to
               | build them and overnight them to your house? If so, do
               | you have lab equipment at home to inspect and test it?
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | > regulate that down to something reasonable like 5% or 3%
             | 
             | How is 5% "reasonable?" Who determines that? That's not
             | something up for a vote -- that's up to the market.
             | 
             | Let's say you have an iOS app.
             | 
             | If you sell it for $5 on the App Store, you keep $3.5. And
             | you sell 100,000.
             | 
             | App Store nets you $350k.
             | 
             | And let's say you sold the app direct to users and did
             | everything yourself:
             | 
             | $5 sales price, you keep $5 however, you also have to
             | collect and remit sales tax for jurisdictions in which you
             | sell. Your street price is $5 + tax, and you keep the $5
             | but you incur some expense for sales tax compliance.
             | 
             | You have to use a payment processor. That's 2.9% + $0.30
             | per transaction. So if you sold 100k apps at $5, that's
             | $455,500 in revenue after credit card fees are paid.
             | 
             | However, there's also chargebacks. Chargeback ratio
             | averages roughly 0.6% across all industries (it's much
             | higher for digital goods and CNP transactions -- so let's
             | call it 1.5%) So from 100k sales, you really sell 98,5000,
             | so your revenue is $448,667 (after cc fees.) However, you
             | have 1500 in chargebacks that cost $20 each (per stripe.).
             | So that's $30k in chargeback fees. So now your revenue is
             | $418,667. Apple rarely loses chargebacks and refunds are
             | extremely rare. So that sales loss is negligible.
             | 
             | You also have to set up a server to serve the downloads and
             | pay hosting, storage, and bandwidth. As well as shipping
             | updates to all of your customers. As well as ensuring
             | updates are compatible for any iOS version your customers
             | might be using. There's going to be some level of customer
             | support required. That's a non-zero cost.
             | 
             | Finally, how are people going to discover your app? You
             | aren't on any app stores, so you have to advertise. You'll
             | need to market. And -- convince people that you aren't
             | going to infect their device with malware.
             | 
             | Let's just assume that you sell just as many outside the
             | App Store as you would doing it yourself. (That won't
             | happen, but let's assume your marketing is so good that
             | it's the case.)
             | 
             | The difference is $419-$350k. (That's assuming zero expense
             | for hosting, marketing, customer support, etc.) So you're
             | "losing" $69k per year. After tax however -- $280k from the
             | App Store, $335k doing it yourself. So $55k additional. Yet
             | you have hosting, customer support, marketing -- etc. $55k
             | per year as a salary for doing those tasks is tiny and that
             | doesn't include the cost of the hosting and bandwidth.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > How is 5% "reasonable?" Who determines that? That's not
               | something up for a vote -- that's up to the market.
               | 
               | If you ask _Apple themselves_ to split the payment
               | processing from the hosting and  'marketing', they claim
               | it's 3% and 27%.
               | 
               | So if you could use their payment processing by itself,
               | that would put you at $485k before server costs, not
               | $419k. So you can have very nice servers _and_ over a
               | third more revenue.
               | 
               | You'll have to decide whether being in the main app store
               | is important enough to pay a big percentage. And
               | advertising and updates and customer support are costs
               | either way, so please don't imply you only pay them if
               | you avoid the app store.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > If you sell it for $5 on the App Store, you keep $3.5.
               | 
               | Try $0. Look at the App Store charts. The 200 top
               | grossing apps are ironically all "Free":
               | https://appfigures.com/top-apps/ios-app-store/united-
               | states/...
               | 
               | This is the real problem, the crApp Store race to the
               | bottom. Apple's cut was never really the problem. The cut
               | is obscene, but only because the prices are already
               | obscenely low. I'd be happy to give Apple 50% if I could
               | sell my software for higher prices.
               | 
               | > And you sell 100,000.
               | 
               | Good luck with that.
               | 
               | > You also have to set up a server to serve the downloads
               | and pay hosting, storage, and bandwidth.
               | 
               | Cheap.
               | 
               | > As well as shipping updates to all of your customers.
               | As well as ensuring updates are compatible for any iOS
               | version your customers might be using. There's going to
               | be some level of customer support required.
               | 
               | You have to do these things anyway.
               | 
               | > Finally, how are people going to discover your app? You
               | aren't on any app stores, so you have to advertise.
               | You'll need to market. And -- convince people that you
               | aren't going to infect their device with malware.
               | 
               | You have to do all of this stuff regardless of whether
               | you're in the App Store. As an App Store developer
               | myself, I can tell you that Apple absolutely does not do
               | these things for you.
               | 
               | Notice how many Mac developers, given the choice, choose
               | to distribute themselves rather than via the Mac App
               | Store. They don't see the App Store as a win like you do.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Playing the game according to the current rules seems
             | preferable than playing the game according to rules that
             | may or may not come into existence.
             | 
             | Also, they will still be one of the, if not most,
             | profitable businesses in the world even if they lose all
             | the App Store revenue, so it does not seem reasonable to
             | expect more.
        
               | sam0x17 wrote:
               | Companies of this size need to play the long game, but
               | quarterly OKRs and a beuracratic structure ensure they
               | only ever play the short game. The 30% is great this
               | quarter and next quarter, and every quarter until the
               | quarter where it goes away completely. Keeping it this
               | high is extremely risky behavior, literally taunting for
               | regulation.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | If you look at Apple's results and products and think
               | they are playing for next quarter, I do not know what to
               | tell you.
               | 
               | The App Store model has served them well for years. If it
               | stops serving them well next quarter, so what?
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | This old myth will never die.
               | 
               | If it was true, these short sighted companies would fade
               | away in the long run.
               | 
               | Empirically, top companies stay on top for decades.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | If facebook qas so well run, it wouldnt need to buy up
               | all the competition to stay relevant, like Whatsapp and
               | instagram.
               | 
               | Once you are that huge and cam but competition, you don't
               | fade away unless you go full-on Lehmon Brothers
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _this quarter and next quarter_
               | 
               | Apple Silicon was a decade-long play, largely by Cook.
               | Even if the App Store is threatened, Apple remains plump.
        
             | dmix wrote:
             | So you're saying Apple isn't a well run company because
             | they haven't properly managed their regulatory risk around
             | the app store? What should they do hire more lobbyists? Not
             | have built a $100 billion/year business because of a vague
             | threat of future regulatory change?
             | 
             | We've seen pushback on the 30% but mostly for a select
             | group of major companies who want to offer alternative
             | payments. The majority of apps aren't going to be asking
             | customers for their credit cards separately vs a single
             | "subscribe" button, nor do they all have CCs already in
             | their existing DBs. Even worst case if 25% of the revenue
             | gets lost due to secondary subscription payment support
             | (assuming they don't somehow still take a cut), that 75% is
             | still a monster that could support Apple for a long time.
             | 
             | Not to mention the rest of their businesses.
        
               | sam0x17 wrote:
               | I'm saying they have over-extended to the point where
               | they are begging for regulation. Much wiser to not over-
               | extend to the point where regulators are pissed off. Now
               | they could lose it all instead of having a more
               | reasonable rate.
               | 
               | At this point they should self-regulate, like any
               | misbehaving child who realizes they are in the wrong
               | should before they get punished. It's not a risk and it's
               | not going to hurt their stock if it's self-imposed.
               | People always praise anything that comes from within with
               | Apple so it would actually be a pretty savvy play, given
               | what's on the horizon.
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | So what should they have done? Conceded to a group of
               | Epic type companies on a VIP-type basis so regulators
               | don't eat their lucrative subscription model? Without
               | bigco lobbying the gov I doubt there'd be as much
               | regulatory pressure. So the best bet might have been to
               | work with the major companies hiring lobbyists and
               | getting PR.
               | 
               | Rumour is Apple is opening up side-loading so the "walled
               | garden" thing might be neutered.
               | 
               | Not sure what other regulatory risks they have.
        
               | sam0x17 wrote:
               | No no they should have never had it above 10% to begin
               | with. The case with Epic never should have needed to
               | happen. They've been over-extended all along.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | I think you lack a lot of historic perspective of how
               | software was sold and distributed, and the cuts involved.
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | I agree that the cut is too big, but its entirely
               | reasonable to think that setting and keeping the cut at
               | 30% is the rational profit-maximizing course even in a
               | long run that includes new laws throttling them to some
               | lower number.
        
               | taylodl wrote:
               | Have you ever sold anything in a retail channel such as
               | Walmart or Target? Do you know how much they charge to
               | put your product on their shelves?
               | 
               | Welcome to the world of retail!
               | 
               | If Apple tried to make it so that you couldn't make an
               | app and offer it both on Android and Apple, i.e. it had
               | to be an Apple exclusive, then I'd say you have a point.
               | The regulators aren't concerned with the 30%. Their
               | concern is with the fact you can't go to another store
               | and shop for a better price. THAT is what they're trying
               | to fix. Watch out though - deregulation and market
               | competition all-too-often leads to _higher_ prices.
               | People always act surprised by this.
        
           | deelowe wrote:
           | My experience is in cloud and I can give some insight on what
           | we were thinking at this time. In cloud, infrastructure is
           | key and our theory was that we needed to beat the other
           | companies in terms of scale and capability. So we were
           | aggressively trying to scale to get ahead of the competition.
           | The environment was highly competitive all the way down to
           | even the PCBA manufacturers. As an example, at one company,
           | to get their "A teams" you need to be their top customer in
           | terms of volume.
           | 
           | So while it looks odd by comparison, cloud providers were in
           | a bit of a different environment than Apple.
        
           | nashashmi wrote:
           | > one of the best run companies
           | 
           | They off-source all of their factory efforts to other
           | companies. The other companies are doing the hiring and
           | firing.
           | 
           | Probably the best run company is Qualcomm. I have never heard
           | them do layoffs. And they are based in San Diego.
           | 
           | edit: Just googled it and found
           | https://www.thelayoff.com/t/1l5vLinG
           | 
           | edit2: also, https://www.thelayoff.com/apple
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | >The other companies are doing the hiring and firing.
             | 
             | And this is evidence they're not so well run? On the
             | contrary...
        
         | no_wizard wrote:
         | I know that everyone is looking at this as "by the numbers" and
         | there is truth to be had there, I offer a different take
         | though.
         | 
         | Apple's culture is not all that amendable to high growth of
         | headcount[0]. Its not in their DNA. Steve Jobs in his return
         | back to Apple setup a cultural legacy around hiring smart,
         | hiring smart, and being intentional. That its better to invest
         | in hiring the best you can and people who fit. When I was
         | there, it was another huge boom time for most of the industry,
         | and Apple still wasn't hiring fast like Meta (then Facebook) or
         | Google was. Some _departments_ in Apple do scale quickly, but
         | typically there is a targeted plan behind that scaling.
         | 
         | In essence, they don't like to take shots on scaling the people
         | aspect of the business, because they value culture fit
         | extremely high and intentionally put it ahead of many other
         | metrics internally.
         | 
         | That was and I believe still is the case
         | 
         | [0]: one can argue no company can take rapid headcount rises,
         | but setting that aside, clearly a lot of companies thought it
         | could work
        
       | EricHolden12 wrote:
       | Companies over hired during the pandemic because they issued
       | stock to new employees to artificially boost their share price.
        
         | roncesvalles wrote:
         | Companies don't need to hire people to issue new stock. They
         | can do it anytime.
         | 
         | People forget these days but the entire point of the stock
         | market is to give companies a money-printing machine. More
         | accurately, it's an on-demand way of obtaining investment by
         | sucking up value from the people who hold your shares.
        
         | jsnell wrote:
         | That really is not how this works. Issuing shares decreases the
         | share price, rather than increase.
        
           | filoleg wrote:
           | Yeah, you typically increase the share price "artificially"
           | by doing stock buybacks, not by handing out more shares to
           | new employees.
        
         | edwnj wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | nblgbg wrote:
       | It may be an unpopular opinion but every one is celebrating too
       | early. It depends a lot on the economy in next 6 months. I hope
       | this will put a pressure on Apple and they won't resort to
       | layoffs.
        
       | throw_m239339 wrote:
       | > There's a reason why Apple Inc. is under less pressure than
       | tech peers to slash jobs during the current slowdown: It hired
       | more efficiently in the first place.
       | 
       | So there is no official statement from Apple saying that they are
       | not planning a layoff round in the coming months, just the
       | opinion of 2 analysts? Apple isn't avoiding anything.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | There was an official statement directly from Tim Cook a week
         | ago: https://9to5mac.com/2023/02/02/apple-layoffs-tim-cook/
        
           | shmatt wrote:
           | He literally says "you can never say never"
           | 
           | Every CEO says its a last resort, they tried everything, etc.
           | Cooks statement isn't any different
        
             | htrp wrote:
             | If he says never and ends up doing it.... it officially
             | becomes securities fraud.
        
       | tippytippytango wrote:
       | I'm curious where all the talent came from in the recent hiring
       | frenzy. It didn't just come out of thin air, somebody lost a lot
       | of people. Anyone see any research on the flows of people?
        
       | shmatt wrote:
       | All of these "company X has avoided layoffs" articles are pretty
       | foolish, are all the big layoffs done? Are we even sure there
       | won't be second rounds by summer?
       | 
       | Apple could layoff 4% in a week and these same analysts will try
       | to explain why there was no other way
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | These aren't even real analyst. They are propagandist.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > Apple could layoff 4% in a week
         | 
         | Highly unlikely: https://9to5mac.com/2023/02/02/apple-layoffs-
         | tim-cook/
        
           | boshalfoshal wrote:
           | Have you ever worked at a high profile company that laid off
           | people? I have. Everything is good and the narrative is "We
           | aren't like other companies" until it actually happens.
           | 
           | Its suboptimal to explicitly telegraph layoffs from an
           | employee morale perspective. As leadership, its better to ask
           | for forgiveness after the layoff than to ask for permission
           | to lay off.
           | 
           | They may actually get through this without laying off, but
           | its certainly not guaranteed just because the CEO says "no
           | layoffs."
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | > They may actually get through this without laying off,
             | but its certainly not guaranteed just because the CEO says
             | "no layoffs."
             | 
             | It's not _just_ because of what the CEO said. The CEO 's
             | words are justified by the company's actions:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34742642
        
           | paraph1n wrote:
           | Highly unlikely? Tim cook literally said in the quote "You
           | can never say never."
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | shmatt wrote:
           | This just means the letter will include the wording "last
           | resort" and "we tried everything to avoid this"
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | This ignores the headline of the article, which is "it
             | didn't overhire". Thus, not only is Cook downplaying the
             | possibility of layoffs, but Apple clearly doesn't need to
             | do them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | bryan_w wrote:
       | And they failed to hire enough people to bring their AR headset
       | to market which is the other side of the coin.
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooks's_law:
         | 
         |  _"Brooks ' law is an observation about software project
         | management according to which adding manpower to a software
         | project that is behind schedule delays it even longer."_
         | 
         | I also think they're doing research, not development most of
         | the time. Such projects can't be time-estimated, so they can't
         | be late (managers or outsiders still might call them late,
         | though), and often can't be parallelized well ("9 women cannot
         | make a baby in one month"), so starting out with a larger team
         | may not have helped, either.
        
         | 65 wrote:
         | An AR headset that's supposed to do what, exactly?
        
           | chaostheory wrote:
           | To help bring the next paradigm in computing interfaces. I
           | don't understand why people have forgotten all of the sci-fi
           | movies that have been showing what's possible
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | Let me know when someone has solved the "glasshole" creep
             | factor. Clearly Apple is the most capable in shifting
             | consumer sentiment but that's a challenging hurdle.
        
               | chaostheory wrote:
               | Challenging is different from impossible, and yes we are
               | talking about Apple, a company who's proven time and time
               | again that they're up for solving UX challenges
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | don't put a led on the front for one. i think people
               | would largely not care if they largely didn't notice.
               | This is why surveillance cameras are placed somewhere out
               | of the way.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | I've personally solved it by striving to care less about
               | what other people think. I realize that doesn't work for
               | everyone in all circumstances, though.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | > I've personally solved it by striving to care less
               | about what other people think.
               | 
               | Google Glasses was lunched before Google was widely known
               | as a creepy spyware company too. I don't even think
               | computer geeks would be impressed anymore.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | The problem isn't your adoption of new tech (e.g. google
               | glass) it's that your behavior using new tech engenders
               | blowback from others (they call you a glasshole) and THEY
               | won't adopt the new tech.
               | 
               | Adoption is a key metric that differentiates a successful
               | product vs. failed product.
        
             | dmitriid wrote:
             | Ah yes. Sci fi movies that have to show flashy special
             | effects that would never work this way in real life: from
             | headache-inducing colors and animation to having to hold
             | your hands up fir an extended period of time to do the
             | simplest things to see-through interfaces.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | My memory of the Nintendo 3DS says those flashy special
               | effects look way cooler and more physical in 3D when you
               | can see the depth in those particle fields. But I'm sure
               | they get even more expensive to make.
        
               | chaostheory wrote:
               | > show flashy special effects that would never work this
               | way in real life
               | 
               | This is only true if you can't see the future that's
               | right in front of your eyes. Also unless something will
               | violate laws of physics, it's not wise to say that never
               | will happen or is impossible to achieve
               | 
               | https://www.wired.co.uk/article/oblong-minority-report-
               | john-...
               | 
               | We also already have Quest 2 as a pretty good VR device
               | that's shipped, not to mention stuff from other companies
               | like valve
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > This is only true if you can't see the future that's
               | right in front of your eyes.
               | 
               | It really isn't in front of my eyes, and won't be for a
               | long time.
               | 
               | > <link to fantasy interfaces>
               | 
               | No idea why it's here. And yes you are restricted by the
               | laws of physics and human biology.
               | 
               | > We also already have Quest 2 as a pretty good VR device
               | that's shipped
               | 
               | VR is a) distinctly different from AR, b) requires bulky
               | headsets, and c) borderline unusable for any extended
               | periods of time
        
               | chaostheory wrote:
               | > yes you are restricted by the laws of physics and human
               | biology
               | 
               | Yeah, you didn't cite any laws that restrict this future.
               | You're wrong.
               | 
               | Let's also not be disingenuous. those "fantasy
               | interfaces" are working prototypes and not just movie
               | CGI. There are also real world products like NReal.
               | You're not familiar enough with the subject despite being
               | confidently wrong
               | 
               | > VR is a) distinctly different from AR, b) requires
               | bulky headsets, and c) borderline unusable for any
               | extended periods of time
               | 
               | 1. There is pass through AR which what Quest headsets and
               | the new Apple headset will support
               | 
               | 2. Bulky headsets are the past and present. That isn't
               | the future, or even the near future
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > Yeah, you didn't cite any laws that restrict this
               | future. You're wrong.
               | 
               | I'm not wrong. I just don't call wishful thinking "the
               | future", "reality" etc.
               | 
               | > Let's also not be disingenuous. those "fantasy
               | interfaces" are working prototypes and not just movie CGI
               | 
               | Prototypes are not "actual usable interfaces that are
               | used by real humans for any extended periods of time".
               | Note how his own company uses none of these interfaces.
               | 
               | > There are also real world products like NReal
               | 
               | Ah yes. A pair of galsses with 46 degree field of view
               | that you need to connect with a cable to the actual
               | device where all the processing and control happens.
               | 
               | > what Quest headsets and the new Apple headset will
               | support
               | 
               | Ah yes. The new Apple headset that you know literally
               | nothing about will one hundred percent will have this...
               | Even though it's rumoured not to be VR device
               | 
               | > Bulky headsets are the past and present. That isn't the
               | future, or even the near future
               | 
               | Oh? We've solved the question of batteries? Of compact
               | CPUs and GPUs capable of processing this? Etc. And all
               | this is coming in _near_ future?
        
         | Maursault wrote:
         | No, what Apple failed to do was not bother developing a product
         | that can't be successful. It just isn't possible to role that
         | thing into the Apple Lifestyle, no matter how much better it
         | could possibly be than all the other losing attempts.
        
         | aliqot wrote:
         | nobody wants an AR headset
        
           | revskill wrote:
           | Except me, especially if it's free.
        
           | TheRealNGenius wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | s3p wrote:
         | Is that really relevant?
        
         | melling wrote:
         | Steve Jobs and Apple were a fan of small teams...
         | 
         | https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/leading-apple-with/9781...
         | 
         | But some people still have this belief that 9 women can make a
         | baby in a month.
        
           | arthurwu wrote:
           | this comment serves
        
         | icehawk wrote:
         | How did they fail at doing that?
         | 
         | Did they announce an AR headset, not bring it to market and
         | someone else's got wildly popular or...?
        
           | bryan_w wrote:
           | This is what I'm referring to:
           | https://www.theverge.com/2023/1/17/23560097/apple-ar-vr-
           | glas...
        
       | blitz_skull wrote:
       | Based on my reading, it sounds like these job cuts are happening
       | because other job cuts are happening. Google didn't layoff 8% of
       | its workforce (or whatever the percentage was) because they were
       | in financial straits.
       | 
       | They did it because everyone else is doing it.
       | 
       | IMO that makes Apple even more commendable. If my understanding
       | is correct, that would imply they have more of a spine than these
       | other morally ambiguous companies. Not saying Apple isn't morally
       | ambiguous, but in comparison it seems like a fair conclusion.
        
       | dakial1 wrote:
       | Another source, No paywall:
       | https://www.irishexaminer.com/business/companies/arid-410683...
        
       | varelse wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | jarjoura wrote:
       | I can only speak to my experience in the engineering org at Meta
       | and past experience at Apple.
       | 
       | One key difference between Apple and Meta is that each individual
       | (on the ground) team at Apple is responsible for its own hiring.
       | Whereas at Meta, they have a general company-wide engineering
       | pool that is mainly driven by recruiters to fill.
       | 
       | A manager at Apple will get a batch of resumes and start hiring
       | with a recruiter and the team members will then interview each
       | candidate and decide to move forward or not with a candidate.
       | 
       | A manager at Meta, on the other hand, is constantly trying to
       | sell their team to potential engineers looking to either switch
       | from another team internally, or come from the general pool
       | (bootcamp).
       | 
       | Make no mistake, both companies get headcount budgets driven by
       | org-wide budgets set by the very top and HR uses that budget with
       | very complicated formulas for determining how fast they need to
       | hire to maintain or grow headcount to stay ahead of people
       | leaving. Also, engineering managers absolutely have endless work
       | to assign to new hires. So given the headcount, they will
       | definitely make use of it.
       | 
       | All that to say, I do think Meta's internal team structure made
       | it far easier to over-hire and Apple's intentionally inefficient
       | structure prevented doing the same.
        
         | ben7799 wrote:
         | I had the impression Google and Amazon use the same model as
         | Meta. But in working in the field since the 1990s I have never
         | encountered or worked at any company that used their model. I
         | think their model is likely superior in terms of hiring the
         | most people in the shortest time. With the shortcoming that it
         | might make it easy to overhire, and it might not fill the job
         | with the best person as often.
         | 
         | Lots of small to massive very successful companies don't need
         | to use their model of hiring a pool of people and then only
         | later figuring out which role they will fill. If you're only
         | hiring someone when you have identified a specific role and
         | identified the correct person for that role it might take
         | longer to hire someone, but you won't overhire as easily and
         | you're probably more likely to have a higher hit rate in terms
         | of getting the right person.
        
           | WWLink wrote:
           | The funny thing is my personal experience was the opposite. I
           | have a lot of experience in embedded software. The recruiters
           | I interacted with at Google knew about my specialization and
           | targeted positions that were embedded-related (like, at waymo
           | or their other projects). However, the actual phone screen
           | interview was with a web programmer that had very little C++
           | background and seemed pretty uncomfortable with me using that
           | to solve their quiz. I ended up being weirded out by that and
           | not moving forward. I figured I'd have to go back and
           | practice a lot of stuff I hadn't touched in a while to
           | actually impress their interview panel.
           | 
           | Meta was different. I interviewed with someone from the
           | reality labs team and it was super specific. Our discussion
           | and the software quizzing they did was right up my alley.
           | Like, they specifically had a reason to want to hire me, and
           | given what they described, I had a reason to be very
           | interested in the project they were hiring for. It was a big
           | shock, because the last time I spoke to someone hiring for FB
           | they seemed to have no idea what they were doing lol. I still
           | didn't move forward! But I was really tempted to.
           | 
           | I had a similar experience when I talked to someone at Apple.
           | Unfortunately that time they wanted someone even more
           | specialized than I was (they wanted someone to work on things
           | to manage multiple JTAG devices - that was already innately
           | familiar with doing that sorta thing at a hardware level).
           | Still, 10/10, I'd apply to Apple again. I'd also apply to
           | Meta again... although I think they basically killed the
           | entire reality labs thing. I was so impressed by Meta. Still
           | am.
        
             | ben7799 wrote:
             | I wasn't trying to make it about me.. I am not in embedded
             | software, though I've dabbled in it and that would have
             | been a nice path to take instead.
             | 
             | But we all specialize in something and I don't really think
             | I've gone down a path where any of those big companies
             | would really ever be a good place for me now. I think
             | whatever path you go down in terms of specialization would
             | certainly influence your interactions with their
             | recruiting.
             | 
             | I have been working/interviewing since the late 90s.. when
             | I interviewed with various companies is over a 25 year
             | period at this point, so they were not the same companies
             | they are today. I interviewed at Apple in the late 90s when
             | they were a mess, and I thought they were a mess. I didn't
             | own a Mac, they were too expensive for me as a student, so
             | I'm sure that didn't help. I turned down a job at MS out of
             | college because they put a delay in the process and I'd
             | gone elsewhere by the time they contacted me. MS would have
             | been a better place for me to go to start. Google & Amazon
             | I interviewed at > 10 years ago when public/industry
             | opinion of them was much higher. By the time FB/Meta really
             | got going I declined.. I have not had a strong opinion of
             | them. However, of all my friends who have worked at the
             | FAANG companies the ones who work at Meta seem the
             | happiest, with the ones who worked Amazon having had the
             | most unhappy experience and Google seemingly in the middle.
        
           | VirusNewbie wrote:
           | Google is very similar. You go through a pipeline to send you
           | to the hiring committee, then once you are cleared and
           | leveled, you can now interview with managers who can read
           | your scores etc.
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | Reaction: Sounds like Apple's method encourages managers to
         | select and hire one person, who is a very good fit for his
         | team's actual current need. Vs. Meta's encourages managers to
         | cast a net, haul in a load of fish, and hope that one of 'em is
         | a passable fit for his team's current need. But many keep a few
         | extra fish regardless - since he'll have more needs in the
         | future, and fishing is a crap shoot.
        
       | ryandrake wrote:
       | Apple is known for going with tiny teams rather than the
       | gigantic, bloated trees of VPs and Directors that other companies
       | have. Their CFO even spoke[1] publicly about it, a rarity.
       | Sometimes you just need a team of two people reporting to the CFO
       | to do something. You don't need 2 SVPs, with 10 VPs, with 80
       | Directors, each with trees of management/ICs to do the same
       | thing.
       | 
       | 1: https://twitter.com/workmj/status/1595324607984271360
        
         | ayewo wrote:
         | That's a neat find. Thanks for linking to it.
         | 
         | I think I found the full interview on YouTube [1] _Managers:
         | From Italy to Top Global Businesses. Luca Maestri, CFO of
         | Apple_
         | 
         | 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rHWwq5--nEw
        
           | jcheng wrote:
           | Nice find--the Twitter video wasn't loading for me, but your
           | link did. The relevant part is at 52:30.
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | I've seen recent job listings at Apple that seem to strongly
       | indicate that they're still trying to make an EV ("automotive and
       | electric drive train experience preferred"). So they still seem
       | inclined to throw money away in that direction.
        
       | CHSbeachbum420 wrote:
       | It's still early...
        
       | raincom wrote:
       | Supply chain issues forced Apple not to overhire. Apple is
       | strictly enforcing RTO 3 days a week, even if teams are
       | distributed, I heard.
        
       | xyzelement wrote:
       | I think this is more to do with scope rather than caution,
       | although of course those are related.
       | 
       | Apple has a fairly finite set of offerings and they probably
       | didn't feel the need (or maybe didn't have an opportunity to)
       | rapidly grow their scope during the pandemic.
       | 
       | In contrast, Google and Amazon have broader scope and obviously
       | much more of their scope had intersection with pandemic-driven
       | opportunities.
       | 
       | To list some obvious examples - as people shifted to work from
       | home, Google had the opportunity to establish gSuite as the place
       | where such work happens. Amazon obviously had to opportunity of
       | people having no interest to go into a store. Those are just two
       | out of many many areas where both companies had more "surface" to
       | engage than Apple did.
       | 
       | Did they over hire? Well, they had an opportunity and they went
       | for it. If the size of the opportunity was misjudged, they could
       | always shed some of the new size, as they are now doing.
        
       | m1117 wrote:
       | I thought that the job cuts is a conspiracy for battling
       | inflation and overprice tech talent.
        
       | O__________O wrote:
       | Given Apple's headcount increased during same period was
       | significantly less than comparable companies, one might take the
       | position that they in sum contributed significantly less to labor
       | market than similar tech companies.
       | 
       | For example, if Apple grew headcount by 20%, but laid off zero
       | percent -- percentage wise, they're still significantly behind
       | contributions made to labor market of a comparable company that
       | double in size and then laid off 20% of its workforce; meaning
       | not only did the comparable company increase the percentage of
       | people being paid during the period, but also at the end of the
       | period had increased the overall percentage of new employees.
        
       | psychlops wrote:
       | A few days ago we were criticizing Nintendo because it was making
       | too much money per employee and didn't hire enough. Also, we
       | criticize Google for laying people off and Amazon for everything
       | else (overhiring?).
       | 
       | One wonders why Apple gets high praise for "hiring cautiously".
        
         | zamalek wrote:
         | Because there would be praise if they were "firing cautiously."
        
         | etempleton wrote:
         | I think Nintendo is a wonderfully run company. They are
         | probably a bit too set in their ways of doing things, but they
         | always seem to be ready to take advantage of an opportunity or
         | minimize the damage of a bad product launch. How many companies
         | could have survived the WiiU?
        
           | mostlysimilar wrote:
           | Not only survived the Wii U but followed it up with a smash
           | hit. The Switch is now the third best selling console of all
           | time, behind only the Nintendo DS and the PlayStation 2.
        
         | nickelcitymario wrote:
         | I think it would be fair to question those who criticize
         | Nintendo for not hiring enough. Nintendo and Apple are run
         | similarly in this respect. Very cautious companies.
         | 
         | But I think if you go back and look at who is criticizing
         | Nintendo, they're not the same people criticizing Google and
         | Amazon. They're opposing sides. It's move-fast-and-break-things
         | versus do-it-right-the-first-time. Both have their merits.
         | 
         | But when you move fast and overhire, you upend people's lives
         | when you have to let them go.
         | 
         | When you move slow, you provide fewer opportunities for people,
         | but noone upends their lives over it.
         | 
         | For my comfort, I choose employers who prioritize keeping the
         | team intact, even if that does mean fewer opportunities during
         | boom times.
        
         | asdajksah2123 wrote:
         | There are many different approaches and some may be good and
         | some may be bad?
        
         | Jcowell wrote:
         | > A few days ago we were criticizing Nintendo because it was
         | making too much money per employee and didn't hire enough.
         | 
         | From what I recall Nintendo's _hiring_ was never the issue but
         | the _pay_
        
         | version_five wrote:
         | It's not immediately obvious which has the greatest net
         | benefit, if one can even think in those terms. Is it worse to
         | make hay when the sun shines and then cut back later? Didn't
         | the good period provide a productive exchange of money for
         | work, that would have been absent in a company that just sat on
         | the sidelines?
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | > One wonders why Apple gets high praise for "hiring
         | cautiously".
         | 
         | Have you not read this forum for the past week? It's been
         | riddled with techies ragging on tech CEO's for "blaming the
         | economy" and not blaming themselves for over-hiring.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >It's been riddled with techies ragging on tech CEO's for
           | "blaming the economy" and not blaming themselves for over-
           | hiring.
           | 
           | I think the "I take full responsibility ..." that seems to be
           | a regular fixture of layoff announcement suggests otherwise.
        
           | LarryMullins wrote:
           | The part I don't quite get (except insofar as it's an
           | understandable emotional reaction) is why people are mad at
           | companies hiring more people than they should have and then
           | eventually laying them off a few years later. Would it have
           | been better _for those people_ if they were never hired in
           | the first place, never had a few years of getting paid for
           | extraneous work? Is the trauma of getting laid off really so
           | great that they wish they had never been hired in the first
           | place?
           | 
           | Okay, so the job wasn't the last of your career, you didn't
           | get to commit the rest of your life to the company. But come
           | on, it's not the 1950s anymore. People change jobs all the
           | time, it's normal. If a company overhires for a few years
           | then eventually corrects itself, that's the company screwing
           | itself over but I think workers offended by this are getting
           | emotionally over-invested. You got paid for your time and you
           | got more out of the relationship than the company which never
           | actually needed your labor in the first place. That's a win
           | for you and a loss for the company, but not all good things
           | can last forever.
        
             | mbesto wrote:
             | I don't get it either. 100% agree with your sentiment.
             | 
             | The HN mob in general is pretty level headed, but its like
             | someone kicked over the beehive.
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | It all depends. The main problem is that nearly every tech
             | company is now doing mass layoffs nearly simultaneously.
             | This could lead to long-term unemployment for many
             | engineers, even driving some out of the industry
             | altogether, which could wipe out any short-term salary
             | gains of the past couple years.
             | 
             | Mass hiring distorts the entire job market. It draws people
             | out of safer, more stable jobs. It draws people into the
             | industry from other industries. It draws students into the
             | industry, and into industry-related academic areas. If the
             | gains were only short-term, that's not necessarily a good
             | tradeoff for employees.
        
             | goalieca wrote:
             | The frenzy drove wages up. I'm very grateful.
        
         | pdntspa wrote:
         | Tech management has such a hard-on for headcount it is
         | sickening. It is like the managers brag about how many people
         | are under them.
        
           | slt2021 wrote:
           | It is in Indian culture.
           | 
           | In India the size of organization that you manage signals the
           | status of your position, and since a lot of engineers are
           | from India - no wonder this practice becomes norm in the US
           | 
           | If you let manager choose whom to manage: 10 brilliant
           | scientists in a research group, or 100 engineers building a
           | product - almost every Indian manager will choose the latter
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | I like Nintendo's approach, and I like Apple's approach as
         | well. I think it shows a lot more respect for employees than
         | "hire as much as possible, then cut deep ASAP if fortunes
         | change"; big firing rounds can be devastating to both the folks
         | who go and the folks who stay.
        
           | ep103 wrote:
           | I've generally found that if you can't measure something
           | well, large American companies act extremely poorly with
           | regards to that thing.
           | 
           | Its well understood that layoffs destroy the morale of your
           | employees, and that they drive out a huge percentage of
           | employees, and specifically the ones who have the best
           | alternative options.
           | 
           | But I imagine that measuring the impact of brain drain from a
           | layoff after a subsequent overhire compared to potential
           | growth losses from not overhiring during the boom is one of
           | those things that is extremely hard to measure.
           | 
           | Good on Apple and Nintendo for having strong enough and
           | competent enough leadership to make that call, instead of the
           | typical metric based CYA.
        
             | trilobyte wrote:
             | > I've generally found that if you can't measure something
             | well, large American companies act extremely poorly with
             | regards to that thing.
             | 
             | You've got it. The number of companies I've worked with who
             | talk about being "data-driven" and who do not use any data
             | for a majority of their decision making is ridiculous.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | > I've generally found that if you can't measure something
             | well, large American companies act extremely poorly with
             | regards to that thing.
             | 
             | This is true, and goes double (at least) for anything that
             | is at odds with maximizing superficial short-term profits,
             | or with absolute control by management over employees'
             | existences.
             | 
             | There are many studies at this point showing how much more
             | productive and profitable companies can be when they treat
             | their employees well and pay them at or above market rate,
             | but the neofeudal mindset and the idea that this quarter's
             | profit growth are the _only_ metric are so deeply ingrained
             | into so many people 's heads that it's very, very hard to
             | make any inroads.
        
         | Ozzie_osman wrote:
         | There are three ways to make more per employee. You can get
         | better at making money. You can have fewer people. You can pay
         | your people less.
         | 
         | So as a metric it's very context-dependant.
        
           | nickelcitymario wrote:
           | You can also do all 3 at the same time. They're not mutually
           | exclusive.
           | 
           | If priority #1 is shareholder value, then doing all 3 of
           | those makes sense.
           | 
           | If priority #1 is something other than money, then maximizing
           | profit can lead to a negative impact on the true mission.
           | 
           | So I do agree it's context-dependant, but perhaps a slightly
           | different context than you had in mind?
        
             | krab wrote:
             | These three things aren't mutually exclusive but they go
             | against each other.
             | 
             | For example paying people less might impact your ability to
             | improve your money stream. Similarly having fewer people
             | may lead to some missed opportunities.
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | I wouldn't lump Amazon in with the others, unless the additional
       | hiring/cuts were to AWS. That's because Amazon __had__ to
       | increase its distribution/warehouse staff during the pandemic
       | just to handle to the __huge__ increase in online purchases,
       | regardless of how long that pattern lasted. So it's going to have
       | a more cyclical hiring/firing pattern than pure tech companies
       | who don't need to double their engineering staff just because
       | there's a temporary surge in their software/services.
        
         | bojo wrote:
         | Solid point. It's easy to forget what Amazon actually does and
         | only focus on the tech side.
        
         | pixelfarmer wrote:
         | But they did that, too. You read about 18000 people being
         | dropped by Amazon, but you didn't read about the 80000 which
         | have been "silently" let go on top of that. Thing is, somewhere
         | in the news you may have stumbled over the downsize from ~1.6
         | million to ~1.5 million, and 18000 isn't enough for that. These
         | 80000 are part of that cycle you mentioned.
        
         | mabbo wrote:
         | Amazon laid off thousands of corporate employees, many of whom
         | were in tech. I know some personally.
        
         | hummus_bae wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | birdymcbird wrote:
         | was at amazon at peak covid.
         | 
         | distribution/warehouse problem and over hiring problem are two
         | separate problems.
         | 
         | i will explain overhiring problem.
         | 
         | from 2018 to 2021 many amazon executives and director leave
         | company. this continued in 2022.
         | 
         | these "tech" leadership very hands on..strong technical acumen.
         | they have vision..manage people..understand
         | business..understand the tech and how to scale.
         | 
         | these people not perfect. under them it very hard burnout
         | factory of place to work. good chance if you work here you need
         | therapy.
         | 
         | these people all start leaving.
         | 
         | they replace by "professional" managers. professional manager
         | has one goal: grow headcount and build empire so they get
         | promoted.
         | 
         | entire teams exist with no valuable output. team of 8 people
         | supporting a service built 10 years ago maybe doing patching
         | like replace outdated java log4j library and redeploy. no
         | feature work. entire team can be fired and service ownership
         | could be given easily to some team doing feature work in
         | another space.
         | 
         | this problem happening all over amazon. innovation at amazon is
         | on how to increase revenue. what they do is hire mba grad, put
         | pressure on them to deliver. Mba grad does obvious shitty
         | thing... let show more ads. if you see amazon.com and search it
         | is now flea market but before you buy any cheap trash first you
         | see walls and walls of "sponsored" recommendation or what is
         | actually fucking ad.
         | 
         | it a massive grift.
         | 
         | amazon need Bezos to return like bob iger do at Disney. jassy
         | only focus on aws
        
       | manimino wrote:
       | Apple hasn't cut employees so far. But nothing is stopping it
       | from announcing layoffs tomorrow.
        
       | asah wrote:
       | the "overhire" story doesn't match reality, because the layoffs
       | included too many senior and long-tenured staff who know how to
       | get things done at these companies.
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | Apple is able to see demand signals way in advance of many
       | businesses and industries. Obviously product reports can quickly
       | tell people up their chain of command. I commend such an
       | organization.
        
       | jnwatson wrote:
       | Hiring at Apple was limited because they don't pay competitively
       | and they only get the "true believer" types that are willing to
       | work more hours at a discount.
       | 
       | Source: a low level manager at Apple.
        
         | rcarmo wrote:
         | That is plain not true (and that is all I will say about it).
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | > Source: a low level manager at Apple
         | 
         | You or a friend?
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | Can anyone from Apple comment on the progress of their Public
       | Cloud offering they're (seemingly) still building? I would have
       | expected them to get the axe
        
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