[HN Gopher] Gattaca is still pertinent 25 years later
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Gattaca is still pertinent 25 years later
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 281 points
       Date   : 2023-02-05 17:59 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | imperio59 wrote:
       | Most works that touch upon core issues like Gattaca does tend to
       | be relevant many years later.
       | 
       | This is why we still read greek philosophers, works from the
       | Renaissance, works from the time of the American Revolution (The
       | Federalist Papers, for example), etc...
        
         | blitzar wrote:
         | The works that touch on these core issues are not often as well
         | executed as Gattica - sometimes you wind up with Mean Girls ...
         | ok that is a bad example as that is a timeless classic as well.
        
           | IncRnd wrote:
           | That's the first time I've seen someone compare Mean Girls
           | with Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, the Sistine Chapel's
           | ceiling, and The Federalist Papers.
        
             | skeeter2020 wrote:
             | Being able to bring important academic thought to the
             | masses in an entertaining way is important, hard and
             | potentially lucrative though, and Mean Girls delivers!
        
       | anderber wrote:
       | Gattaca was so ahead of its time, reminds me I should re-watch it
       | again.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | Rewatched it not long ago, was still a great watch, the pacing,
         | the characters, the narration. Not as grandiose as it used to
         | feel but still touching and worth every second.
        
         | sourcecodeplz wrote:
         | Definitely on my re-watch list, together with Idiocracy.
        
           | skybrian wrote:
           | I don't really get the love for Idiocracy. You know the
           | amusement ride with the really obviously bad history? The
           | whole movie is basically that. They know their audience
           | doesn't know much history so they need to make mistakes dumb
           | enough so everyone will get it.
           | 
           | It's a cynical movie that knows its audience isn't so smart,
           | so they need to make sure the idiots watching know who the
           | real idiots are. That way the audience can enjoy watching a
           | lot of really dumb stuff while feeling above it instead of
           | targeted.
        
             | Sargos wrote:
             | >You know the amusement ride with the really obviously bad
             | history?
             | 
             | It feels like everyone is expected to know this but what
             | are you referencing?
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntAR0IT5pl4
        
           | DoctorDabadedoo wrote:
           | Mike Judge with his Idiocracy and Office Space is almost like
           | someone had a crystal ball for early 21st century.
        
             | delecti wrote:
             | I've seen Office Space twice, once before and once after a
             | job I got laid off from where my job description was quite
             | literally to take the requirements from the clients to the
             | engineers. It really hit different after that.
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | Office Space is a documentary.
        
             | mynegation wrote:
             | Office Space is pure genius and I was flabbergasted not to
             | see it more popular. I am glad Judge got much bigger break
             | with Silicon Valley.
        
               | fumar wrote:
               | Maybe I am dating myself but Office Space was always
               | popular.
        
             | ericmcer wrote:
             | How did he get away with Idiocracy? I thought it was a good
             | movie and somewhat prescient, but if you peel back the
             | layers it is basically advocating some kind of population
             | control or eugenics policy. Or it is just a comedy, but I
             | hear it frequently cited as a dramatized version of a
             | plausible future.
        
               | misnome wrote:
               | > it is basically advocating some kind of population
               | control or eugenics policy
               | 
               | I think this says more about the viewer than the film.
        
               | ericmcer wrote:
               | The problem it raises is: only idiots are having kids so
               | in the future everyone is an idiot.
               | 
               | The opening scene is literally a generic portrayal of
               | trailer trash having 8 kids and you didn't get that
               | implication at all? Wow your a real saint.
               | 
               | What did you think the implications of the film were?
        
               | misnome wrote:
               | That is indeed the "problem" that forms the premise of
               | the film. It doesn't however go on to either propose or
               | advocate a solution, instead exploring one projection to
               | absurdity from it's premise.
               | 
               | If you watched it and came away with a feeling it was
               | pro-eugenics, you are absolutely projecting your own
               | details onto the film.
        
               | speed_spread wrote:
               | I see it more like advocating for quality public
               | education, easy access to contraception, and
               | accountability of the elites in guiding our civilization.
               | And as an observation that we're still just monkeys with
               | transistors.
        
               | ericmcer wrote:
               | Yeah I like this. It also showed a future where
               | capitalism had driven us all the way to dumbed down and
               | instantly gratifying everything.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | ..and if you have been away from America for a while, the
               | absurdity of greeters will be apparent. Reality is not
               | too far off from "Welcome to Costco, I love you"
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Didn't get away with it, company tried to bury the film.
        
               | recuter wrote:
               | It isn't advocating for anything rather it is akin to the
               | band playing as the Titanic is sinking.
        
       | snissn wrote:
       | this line lives so deep in my brain:
       | 
       | "You want to know how I did it? I never saved anything for the
       | swim back"
        
         | losvedir wrote:
         | I never understood that. I don't think the movie is clear
         | exactly what happens, but he... does swim back, right? Or does
         | he just flounder and rely on his brother bringing him back?
        
           | mhb wrote:
           | The one I didn't really understand was "It's too late for
           | that. We're closer to the other side."
        
             | anonymouskimmer wrote:
             | I thought it was a large lake or inlet, and it would take
             | less effort to keep swimming to the land at the other side
             | than it would to turn around and swim back to the start.
        
               | mhb wrote:
               | I like this explanation:
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/movies/comments/yuekuu/comment/i
               | w9z...
        
               | mhb wrote:
               | Well that would make sense. I thought it was the Atlantic
               | or Pacific Ocean. Especially since Anton seems confused
               | by that also. Also if they were closer to the other side
               | physically, rather than metaphorically, why turn around?
        
           | InspiredIdiot wrote:
           | Also, he quite likely _does_ die in space. Which figuratively
           | but very directly represents not leaving anything for the
           | swim back. There is room to square the main message of the
           | movie about transcending limits with Gore Vidal's line
           | (something like) "No one exceeds his potential... It would
           | simply mean we had failed to accurately assess it in the
           | first place." Maybe he makes it back, maybe he doesn't, but
           | he goes, does what he sets out to do with no consideration of
           | whether he will be able to return and then tries to return.
           | It's exactly equivalent to people who say they would go to
           | Mars even without knowing whether it is a one-way trip at the
           | outset.
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | One message of the movie could be that there is no fixed
             | measure of potential. There are too many variables. One of
             | them being how badly someone wants to achieve something.
             | Thus it's massively unfair to measure someone's potential
             | at birth.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | The movie leaves it a little vague, but his brother
           | disappearing would wrap up the plot nicely, as would his
           | brother finally seeing the Vincent's perspective and keeping
           | his mouth shut. On a broader level it's the "burn the ships"
           | strategy; nothing motivates like having no alternative.
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | He is willing to die to succeed. If that meant in that moment
           | to outswim his brother he had to drown then he was willing to
           | do it. His brother was limited by his fear of death and his
           | subconscious need to still turn around and swim back. He had
           | no concern so was willing to go as long as it took. It just
           | so happened that he was physically fit enough to be able to
           | make the return swim as his brother quit in time.
        
           | evan_ wrote:
           | He didn't limit himself planning for the future, rather he
           | found that when the time came he had strength he didn't
           | realize he had.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "You want to know how I did it? I never saved anything for the
         | swim back"
         | 
         | Sure, it hits deep. But even as a kid, I remember thinking
         | "That's how people drown in real life".
        
       | abledon wrote:
       | And today we're getting headlines like this:
       | 
       | https://www.businessinsider.com/pronatalism-elon-musk-simone...
        
       | cat_plus_plus wrote:
       | Good movie, but according to these plots, it was better to be
       | handicapped in 1023 than it is 2023. Let's say genetic
       | engineering assisted human evolution became a reality and
       | enhanced humans pretty much dominated exciting things like space
       | exploration. To be more ethical, participation could be selected
       | by neutral merit tests, but in practice enhancement would still
       | end up as a dominating factor. So what? I would still rather go
       | on vacation to Mars on a spaceship built by enhanced folks than
       | not go at all. Just like I am not realistically smart enough to
       | make a new vaccine in a year, but I still enjoy not dying of the
       | diseases. If genetic engineering is available to all parents and
       | has no adverse side effects, why treat it differently from
       | prenatal vitamins or hiring tutors in school? Some people will
       | choose to go without genetic engineering, or vitamins, or
       | vaccines and that's fine - they can find their own unique role in
       | society and we all benefit of having a control group for our
       | various experiments. Tons of valuable science only exists because
       | of Amish, and the later seem to be perfectly happy to live their
       | own way, and if someone are unhappy we don't stop them from
       | leaving.
        
       | andruby wrote:
       | Gattaca is my favorite movie. Brotherly feud, science, genetics,
       | space. I enjoy movies when there's one theme I can relate to,
       | this movie has four.
       | 
       | The style, human spirit and perseverance are a bonus. I rewatch
       | it when I need to put things and life in perspective.
        
       | klyrs wrote:
       | Your keyboard is still nasty, 25 years later.
        
       | Frummy wrote:
       | No joke, this film helped me get over really bad mental stuff.
       | That the human spirit can sort of compensate for pretty much
       | anything is what I find beautiful. But the bad side is the
       | faustian bargain, the sacrifice.
        
         | preommr wrote:
         | Same for me. I often think about this movie along with your
         | point about how some people have to pay more for their dreams.
         | The way that I think about things now I think reflects the
         | protagonist in the movie: In many ways it doesn't matter. The
         | goal and the obsession that some people have is so all-
         | consumming that they'd pay any price to achieve it.
         | 
         | There's a scene where ethan hawke's character has to go through
         | a painful bone procedure to adjust his height and he comforts
         | himself by thinking he's a few inches closer to the stars.
         | 
         | Everything is just about coming one step closer to the goal
         | regardless of if it can be reached or if someone else can get
         | there faster.
        
           | Frummy wrote:
           | Completely true. I found myself last year waking up every day
           | saying fuck it, 5 caffeine pills to read the next book and
           | same thing tomorrow, suffering is relative and sort of fake,
           | it's just an experience like any other. There's only one life
           | so it doesn't matter how easy someone else has it, that's
           | inaccessible. Anyway I was fucked up over my brain and balls
           | being fucked up from birth and losing 50% of my net worth but
           | now that I am like two months away from owning a house and
           | have the job that I want I've forgotten what used to bother
           | me it's not even on the map anymore, call it nonattachment or
           | call it positive nihilism you just grow past things. Im
           | healed after surgery and walk normally, I blend in so and so
           | and that's good enough
        
       | fallingknife wrote:
       | I guess I never thought it was much more than a good movie. I
       | mean what is the message supposed to be? For one thing the main
       | character has a heart condition and absolutely should be weeded
       | out of the space mission he is trying to get on. As a larger
       | point about a dystopian future with discrimination based on
       | genetic characteristics I don't think it works either. We
       | discriminate like that based on genetics now. It's just that it
       | comes from random chance at birth rather than human modification,
       | but really what's the difference?
        
         | chordalkeyboard wrote:
         | > We discriminate like that based on genetics now. It's just
         | that it comes from random chance at birth rather than human
         | modification, but really what's the difference?
         | 
         | What are you alluding to here?
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | We explicitly discriminate by intelligence, which is mostly
           | genetic. How is that different than Gattaca? One must assume
           | that the genetically enhanced in the movie are actually
           | enhanced after all.
           | 
           | And we implicitly discriminate by height, which shows a
           | strong correlation with income. That one doesn't even have
           | utility like discrimination based on intelligence does.
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | > We explicitly discriminate by intelligence, which is
             | mostly genetic. How is that different than Gattaca?
             | 
             | We discriminate on intelligence _when it 's important for
             | the job at hand_. The bad kind of discrimination is the
             | kind that considers irrelevant factors.
             | 
             | I agree implicit discrimination based on height and
             | attractiveness exists in our culture. This movie is a
             | searing criticism of exactly that kind of discrimination.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | We do our college admissions by SAT score. If we did them
               | by genetic test for intelligence (Gattaca style), the
               | classes would be mostly the same minus some dumb rich
               | kids. And since social class and income is heavily
               | determined by where you go to school, it's a similar
               | situation to Gattaca.
               | 
               | In the movie, if the genetic enhancements work, then it's
               | basically meritocracy, and not that different than what
               | we have today. If they don't work, like you seem to imply
               | in your comment, then it's arbitrary discrimination,
               | which isn't a particularly interesting or unique concept
               | for a movie.
        
               | mejutoco wrote:
               | In the movie class mobility is impossible. Not
               | improvable, not very difficult, but predetermined at
               | birth.
               | 
               | In reality it can be impossible for some people, but
               | there are many examples of people accomplishing this,
               | some with lots of effort.
               | 
               | I believe the absolute determinism of that society is
               | what makes it a nightmare. Saying that it is the same as
               | reality is, IMO, an exaggeration.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | > We do our college admissions by SAT score. If we did
               | them by genetic test for intelligence (Gattaca style),
               | the classes would be mostly the same minus some dumb rich
               | kids.
               | 
               | You have literally no way of rigourously making that
               | claim given our incomplete understanding of genetics and
               | intelligence. In any case, it's immaterial to my point as
               | I already acknowledged that our culture discriminates for
               | irrelevant reasons, and this movie is a harsh critique of
               | that practice.
               | 
               | > In the movie, if the genetic enhancements work, then
               | it's basically meritocracy
               | 
               | No, it's the complete opposite. The people who were
               | rewarded didn't actually _do anything to earn those
               | rewards_ , so it's the exact opposite of a meritocracy,
               | it's genetic cronyism, no different than awarding a
               | promotion based on someone's skin colour.
               | 
               | > If they don't work, like you seem to imply in your
               | comment, then it's arbitrary discrimination, which isn't
               | a particularly interesting or unique concept for a movie.
               | 
               | The whole point of the movie is to elevate the notion of
               | meritocracy based on _actual achievements_ , and to
               | criticize discrimination and generalizations based on
               | some nebulous notion of statistical "potential".
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | I feel like you're actually getting to the deep,
               | important questions explored in the movie, as you try to
               | explain why it's just a good movie :)
               | 
               | I think the big take-away is that it's not a foregone
               | conclussion that they "always work, always better". The
               | question is should we remove the possibility from those
               | without perfect genetic markers because the odds say so,
               | or give them a chance and evaluate in some other way? Or
               | are the markers both less conclusive than believed and/or
               | less causal? We could find lots of trivial markers that
               | have nothing to do with meaningful outcomes; does the
               | world explored in Gattaca take this to the extreme?
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | > I mean what is the message supposed to be? For one thing the
         | main character has a heart condition and absolutely should be
         | weeded out of the space mission he is trying to get on.
         | 
         | Why? Their discriminatory predictions were incorrect. Space
         | travel is clearly quite routine in this future, so to put it in
         | today's terms, would you forbid people with heart conditions
         | from driving cars or trucks?
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | >Their discriminatory predictions were incorrect
           | 
           | we don't know that because the movie stops before we can
           | figure that out. I went to school with a guy who had a
           | medical condition that put him at risk of passing out, albeit
           | rarely. but he could legally drive. Ended up having an
           | episode and veering into the oncoming traffic and his 19 year
           | old girlfriend ended up dead.
           | 
           | There's a potential less romantic ending to the movie where
           | Vincent strokes out on the rocket and gets someone killed.
           | The allegedly positive message of the film is that someone's
           | self image is more important than even justified standards
           | that exist to protect other people. Mind you in the film he
           | even fakes his heart rate during a test and collapses
           | afterwards, suggesting this is not some abstract form of
           | discrimination.
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | > we don't know that because the movie stops before we can
             | figure that out
             | 
             | We do know they were incorrect, because he was already
             | considerably older than his predicted age of death. We also
             | know they were incorrect because he outperformed people who
             | were his "intellectual superiors".
             | 
             | > There's a potential less romantic ending to the movie
             | where Vincent strokes out on the rocket and gets someone
             | killed.
             | 
             | And that can also happen to the genetically enhanced. The
             | whole point of the movie is that statistics are not
             | certainties.
             | 
             | > The allegedly positive message of the film is that
             | someone's self image is more important than even justified
             | standards that exist to protect other people.
             | 
             | No, the positive message of the film is that genetic
             | statistics cannot capture the full potential of a human
             | being, and that the standards that were in place were in no
             | way "justified".
        
         | purple_ferret wrote:
         | That's the point of the movie. It's like the current world but
         | amplified.
        
         | mejutoco wrote:
         | IMO the message is that you can change your destiny with grit
         | and effort, no matter what any authority (even science) says,
         | and trying that is worth it, even if you fail.
         | 
         | I think it is a movie about life and how ruthless it is.
        
         | hagy wrote:
         | Exactly! We are all already the beneficiaries and casualties of
         | the unearned rewards and punishments due to the randomized
         | genetic combination we received at conception. Kathryn Paige
         | Harden brilliantly explains this ethical challenge in her book,
         | "The Genetic Lottery: Why DNA Matters for Social Equality",
         | https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691190808/th...
         | 
         | > In recent years, scientists like Kathryn Paige Harden have
         | shown that DNA makes us different, in our personalities and in
         | our health--and in ways that matter for educational and
         | economic success in our current society.
         | 
         | > In The Genetic Lottery, Harden introduces readers to the
         | latest genetic science, dismantling dangerous ideas about
         | racial superiority and challenging us to grapple with what
         | equality really means in a world where people are born
         | different. Weaving together personal stories with scientific
         | evidence, Harden shows why our refusal to recognize the power
         | of DNA perpetuates the myth of meritocracy, and argues that we
         | must acknowledge the role of genetic luck if we are ever to
         | create a fair society.
         | 
         | As a professor of clinical psychology, Harden is well situated
         | to introduce us laypersons to the overwhelming strong evidence
         | that genes matter. Notably, even biological siblings only share
         | 50% of their genes with each other. Therefore the randomization
         | in genetic combination alone can create differences in innate
         | strengths and weaknesses among children with the same parents.
         | A lottery is the appropriate metaphor for the lack of control
         | any of us have in the genes we're bestowed at conception.
         | 
         | Genetic engineering may offer an equalizer, but that presents
         | its own ethical challenges. Harden instead argues that we
         | should design a sufficiently robust welfare state to counteract
         | these natural inequities. She presents a Rawlian framework (ie,
         | veil of ignorance) to argue for why we should not accept
         | genetic privileges and disadvantages anymore than we'd accept
         | other injustices.
        
           | atmosx wrote:
           | >Harden shows why our refusal to recognize the power of DNA
           | perpetuates the myth of meritocracy [...]
           | 
           | There's an on-going philosophical discussion about
           | meritocracy. The debate on i2c[^2] is fascinating. I've read
           | both books, but I was leaning towards Sandel from the get-go
           | anyway.
           | 
           | However reading about this topic on the DNA /generic side is
           | equally interesting. Thanks for the link to the book :-)
           | 
           | [^2]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uOpdahGGoxE
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | Am I the only one who just realised GATTACA is spelt using just
       | the DNA bases?
        
         | darksfall wrote:
         | No, I feel this has been very recently asked in another HN
         | post.
        
       | rzzzt wrote:
       | I understand this article appeared in Nature Genetics and so
       | explores the genetics aspect of the movie (which is admittedly
       | heavily emphasized, starting with the G-A-T-C letters highlighted
       | in the title and opening credits), but I always thought it is
       | about the practice of discrimination in general, regardless of
       | what "quality" is chosen to put people in sets of "A" and "B".
       | 
       | How literally should the audience take this cautionary tale?
        
         | mynegation wrote:
         | It is up to you. Like any good piece of art (literature,
         | painting, sculpture, documentaries, movies, fiction etc),
         | saying something specific to the audience is just the first
         | order effect and sometimes not even the most important one.
         | Inspiring you to get on a process of discovery, interpretation,
         | asking more questions, is what any great art aspires to do.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | The part that I could never get over is that the discrimination
         | against the main character actually made sense. He's trying to
         | hide his heart condition to go in an important space mission.
         | 
         | edit: HN is rate limiting me so I can't reply, but to
         | davesque's comment below:
         | 
         | > no one wants to live in a world where their life and
         | capabilities are pre-determined
         | 
         | But we do live in that world. It was determined that I would
         | never play in the NFL the day sperm met egg. (Probably earlier
         | than that, actually, as I doubt there is a single genetic
         | combination of my parents that makes an NFL player). On that
         | same day it was determined that I would never have to study in
         | school.
         | 
         | I guess I'm just more comfortable with the fact that genetics
         | plays such a decisive role in our lives than most people, and
         | that's probably why I didn't see the movie as particularly
         | interesting.
        
           | acover wrote:
           | Misread
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Then it's not good writing, because it isn't a statistical
             | probability in the movie. We actually see that he has a
             | heart condition.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | InspiredIdiot wrote:
               | There is a certain probability he will have the heart
               | condition. That actually happened. There is a separate,
               | dependent probability that given he has the heart
               | condition he will die very young. That, at the point of
               | the movie, hasn't yet come to pass. I don't see the
               | problem.
        
               | polio wrote:
               | The movie is suggesting that the criteria for the mission
               | and the fatalistic attitudes of society are somewhat
               | incomplete by showing that Vincent's 99th percentile
               | "grit" has been completely overlooked because of the
               | genetic stuff which is more readily measured.
               | 
               | Perhaps it's true that his genetic predisposition, as
               | measured, is 70th percentile, but there are other
               | relevant factors towards being a good astronaut that
               | aren't so easily measured, to say nothing of
               | environmental factors affecting cardiac health as well as
               | the reliability of the gene-based measurement itself.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | > We actually see that he has a heart condition.
               | 
               | Actually we don't. The portions of the movie where
               | Vincent struggles are because he's trying to keep up with
               | the genetically enhanced.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | I think this is just the plot device to explore the broader
           | questions around scienetific progress, the hubris of a
           | society that increases their knowledge and the general idea
           | of fate. It's kind of "cool/scary" IMO that we can start with
           | a pretty universally agreed-upon statement like "People going
           | into space should be screened for health issues" and end up
           | with the dystopian world explored in GATTACA.
        
           | davesque wrote:
           | I think you're missing part of the movie's message. And that
           | was that no one wants to live in a world where their life and
           | capabilities are pre-determined. The audience is supposed to
           | feel that viscerally as we see Vincent's striving and
           | frustration. The story is told from an individual perspective
           | because we are, after all, individuals. In that sense, our
           | emotional reaction to our lives matters and society should
           | care about that.
           | 
           | Put another way, there's a tail in every distribution. From
           | the point of view of an individual that ends up in the tail,
           | being passed over for the good things in life feels like a
           | great injustice. And the fact is that we may not be aware of
           | all the characteristics that could make someone successful.
           | Maybe that's what makes evolution as a process so effective.
           | 
           | In Vincent's case, he was able to beat his brother swimming
           | out to sea because he was at peace with the uncertainty that
           | his life had forced on him. Anton didn't have that strength
           | because he'd been told his whole life that he was destined
           | for success. Even though Anton should have won, it turned out
           | that Vincent's attitude made him more fit to survive which
           | was something that the massive statistical apparatus of his
           | society couldn't have predicted.
        
           | Filligree wrote:
           | > The part that I could never get over is that the
           | discrimination against the main character actually made
           | sense. He's trying to hide his heart condition to go in an
           | important space mission.
           | 
           | That's the part I also couldn't ever get over. He's shown to
           | have a serious heart condition, and then cheats his way onto
           | a space mission?
           | 
           | Yes sure, discrimination bad and all that but-- that's a
           | human judgement. In actual fact, he's dramatically increasing
           | the risk of failure of said mission, along with the risks to
           | everyone else involved with it.
           | 
           | My own take-away was that, grit or not, he's incredibly
           | selfish.
        
             | anonymouskimmer wrote:
             | > That's the part I also couldn't ever get over. He's shown
             | to have a serious heart condition, and then cheats his way
             | onto a space mission?
             | 
             | But he survived. He survived far longer than calculated.
             | Isn't this direct evidence that his genetically determined
             | heart condition was successfully counteracted by a non-
             | genetically identified trait?
             | 
             | And his perfection and determination when designing the
             | mission plan was flawless. Presumably far more flawless
             | than the "valids" he was working with, despite having an
             | inferior genome, or the director would never have commented
             | on it. His attitude dramatically improved the odds of
             | mission success.
             | 
             | You seem to be arguing that if a metric says "don't do it",
             | that this metric should be obeyed, even in light of
             | evidence that it is wrong. Had the metric about his heart
             | condition been correct, he never would have made it onto
             | the flight.
        
             | mejutoco wrote:
             | Those are great points. To follow the argument: is a lion
             | selfish when she kills a gazelle?
             | 
             | To me, the story is about individual struggle. Even if his
             | behaviour is selfish, his life is richer than if he
             | accepted the imposed limitations by others (imagine how
             | boring that story would be, why is that).
             | 
             | In a way, he is following nature's rules (survival of the
             | fittest), instead of the arbitrary deterministic society
             | rules he lives in.
             | 
             | Ultimately, if we only cared about the good of the planet,
             | we would probably choose to cease to exist. Up to a point,
             | everyone alive is a bit selfish.
        
               | savryn wrote:
               | >nature's rules (survival of the fittest)
               | 
               | no he isn't, he is merely exploiting the compassion of
               | the society of the fittest that temporary allowed the
               | less fit/ gifted /engineered to still live / work near
               | them and infiltrate at the right time
               | 
               | -- it's got a bit of that a heist/noir of criminal cat
               | and mouse
               | 
               | Vincent uses criminal connections to pull the entire
               | scheme off (the german), just like a bank heist in a film
               | it feels fun for reasons that don't work without a
               | movie's magic 'genre' control of tone/sympathy/agency
               | etc.
               | 
               | similar to other problems we have today where
               | 'compassion' politics actually harms the fittest members
               | most
               | 
               | An old homeless loony stabbing a brilliant healthy young
               | person today isn't a show of the former's fitness, it's
               | because (there are other incentives for the) the fittest
               | of society (elites) choose to not wipe out/exile/enslave
               | the unfit for various reasons (inextricable from the
               | society itself--labor dynamics, crime and fear being
               | useful, christian virtue, etc)
               | 
               | Gattaca in the opening even says it's only because he was
               | born in the 'early stages' of the transition
               | 
               | Actual 'meritocracy' safety and other values require
               | ruthlessness and violence, which we already have as all
               | states do, just distrubuted in one configuration
               | (gattaca) versus another configuration (chaotic US today,
               | versus say the safety of singapore, or dictatorship of
               | north korea, or some other gattaca 2.0 where the Vincents
               | aren't born at all because fertility is managed)
               | 
               | A society can distribute its coercion/violence/reward
               | structure in different ways, vincent is just a defector
               | in a trust game
               | 
               | Always reminds me of that lame smug 'Feynman negging
               | woman at a bar' anecdote, how is defecting on social
               | norms clever? that's literally the point of
               | lying/cheating/stealing/littering etc, one individual
               | wins a temp game at the harm of the environment / culture
               | long term. Once a few men are rude / cads, reputation of
               | the place declines and fewer girls show up, or only
               | certain types and not others, etc. A higher status guy
               | like F can avoid/internalize the social ding of
               | resentment from others who lose out of the good
               | vibe/meeting someone cool while he's there, but can't
               | tell him off.
               | 
               | Managing mini social games everywhere is 'culture' and
               | essentially the reason infinite invisible class norms are
               | so 'stifling' and invisible at once, it excludes the
               | riff-raff and keeps those included people on their toes,
               | behaving in a way that makes the place/group/experience
               | "rich" rather than the vincent-like 'richness' of just
               | maxing his own experience at cost of group.
               | 
               | (essentially why costume dramas are so fun to watch for
               | girls (me included, I just don't lie to myself lol) as a
               | guilty pleasure that doesn't feel like a guilty pleasure
               | (you claim it's high status reasons -- the set design,
               | jane austen, the history, so well written!!! etc) -- But
               | the ideology of the genre of the movie itself does all
               | the heavy lifting on cost of the 'nice things' you're not
               | allowed to advocate for or admit to yourself you want as
               | an elite experience missing from our lives today (the
               | fantasy of *extreme social exclusion* so only the very
               | pretty, very rich, and very witty girls can join the tea
               | party-- as well as enjoy the courtship dance pre-filtered
               | by only worthy rich/pretty/witty men :) Genre
               | expectations let you relax, they 'hold the space'
               | ideologically. Real life is social chaos of competing
               | norms and suspicion and low trust, that's the price...
               | But I digress
               | 
               | Once they find out Vincent's fraud, next years space
               | program is gonna have to be even more draconian, annoying
               | rules for all coworkers because of him... Maybe all the
               | fellow blue-collars will get fired too.
               | 
               | 'we live in a society'
        
               | mejutoco wrote:
               | > he is merely exploiting the compassion of the society
               | of the fittest
               | 
               | If they are the fittest, how come he can actually do it?
               | If he can "win", that is fit enough for nature, moral
               | questions aside.
               | 
               | If we had a whole system saying that people with 11 toes
               | always run faster, and a person with 10 toes wins once,
               | that system was based on false premises, taken as
               | objective truth without proof.
               | 
               | Now, if we have a system that claims people with 11 toes
               | usually/on average run faster, why not allow the
               | diversity of runners with 10 toes?
        
               | savryn wrote:
               | 'the fittest' could destroy him but choose not to --
               | since fitness in a social species is, reductively, how
               | groups of elites structure their power games over others.
               | 
               | elites 'let you win' some games for all sorts of ulterior
               | motives, implicit or unconscious even.
               | 
               | Vincent barely wins for a small time, he almost collapses
               | on the treadmill lmao
               | 
               | My point is they left the exclusion / ruthlessness dial
               | at level 7 when they could choose to crank it to 9
               | 
               | Vincent takes advantage of that temporarily, next guy and
               | group will be punished for it.
        
       | jonplackett wrote:
       | Gattaca trivia you may already know - the name is made out of the
       | letters of the genetic code G, A, T and C
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | Oh I know: I loved the movie so much (and still do) and found
         | it so cool that the movie was named that way on purpose that I
         | gave my daughter four given names and they start respectively
         | with G, A, T and C...
        
       | pixelmonkey wrote:
       | This movie holds up. I recently rewatched and really, really
       | enjoyed it. (Some spoilers embedded in the below.)
       | 
       | One thing I love about the script is how the 4 main characters
       | give us all the different angles on the genetic dystopia problem.
       | 
       | Vincent is genetically "inferior", but psychologically
       | "determined" to overcome physical limitations. He has to use his
       | mind and body to overcome his genetics.
       | 
       | Jerome is genetically "superior", but psychologically defeated
       | due to his accident causing permanent physical limitations. He
       | has to use his mind to compensate for his body, and he "lends"
       | his genetics to Vincent, to make Vincent as capable in their
       | society as he once was. Vincent helps Jerome finally achieve his
       | own potential by the end, thus the final scene.
       | 
       | Anton is genetically "superior", but mentally and physically
       | weak. His willpower atrophied as he was constantly told about his
       | genetic superiority. In a way, he allowed his genetics to act
       | almost like an inheritance that made him soft and unambitious.
       | Through the flashbacks, we get the sense that he was always a
       | little cocky about his genetic superiority. He was "born into
       | success". But through adult Anton, we learn that all he has done
       | with his genetics is to become a conformist in this dystopian
       | society. A rule enforcer of the genetic state itself, not someone
       | striving for any higher purpose. When Anton loses the swim match
       | to Vincent, he lets him go on with his plan (not shown in the
       | script or movie), presumably because Vincent has proven that
       | genetics alone do not determine ability, shattering one of his
       | core beliefs.
       | 
       | Finally, Irene. She is genetically "upper class", but not
       | "superior". She illustrates the degree to which genetics had
       | become a class marker, like wealth in our current society. She is
       | genetically strong enough to join the space exploration program,
       | but not strong enough to be an astronaut, perhaps only a
       | scientist. (Her last name is Cassini.) She is just as driven by
       | passion for humanity's potential as Vincent, and just as angry
       | about the genetic lottery. That is why they connect as they do.
       | But, in her case, she discovers -- through Vincent's display of
       | willpower -- that her heart condition does not have to limit the
       | life she can lead today. Irene represents society at large,
       | discovering that living your life under the determinism of
       | genetics (or any other limiting class & rule system) will cause
       | you to live a smaller life than you otherwise could.
       | 
       | Vincent shows us what we can aspire to despite our imperfections,
       | and Irene shows us how to come to terms with living a happy life
       | despite our imperfections.
       | 
       | "Irene" has its origin in the Greek word for "peace" (coming to
       | terms with life as it is). Whereas "Vincent" has its origin in
       | the Latin word for "conquer" (fighting against life's limitations
       | and winning).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | paulwilsondev wrote:
       | Looking forwards to genetic discrimination lawsuits.
        
       | linuxhansl wrote:
       | Gattaca is hands down my favorite movie of all time.
       | 
       | From a dystopian future, where a determination ("not saving
       | anything for the way back") can still make a difference against
       | all odds. A love story, a friendship, and finally an unexpected
       | act of goodwill and an ending that is both relieving and sad.
       | 
       | And all this on top of the great acting and cinematography!
        
       | optimalsolver wrote:
       | Jerome, Jerome, the metronome.
       | 
       | You can play the piano by that heartbeat of his.
        
       | parenthesis wrote:
       | I thought it was super fun to see Gore Vidal acting in a movie.
       | 
       | I haven't seen it in a long time, just looking up the cast, and
       | Dean Norris plays -- you guessed it -- a cop.
        
       | anonporridge wrote:
       | The great thing about Gattaca is that the cinematography ages
       | incredibly well on top of the amazing plot.
       | 
       | A lot of great sci-fi is marred by cheap effects that look
       | incredibly dated only a decade later. Gattaca chose to focus on
       | the story and create a minimalist future environment that still
       | looks beautiful 25 years later.
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | I totally, 100% agree. Gattaca is amazing, and my all time
         | favorite Blade Runner also has outstanding practical effects
         | (flawed, sure, but you stop noticing soon enough).
         | 
         | One of my favorites that, while very cool in general, suffers
         | from some dodgy effects is Aliens. In general I wouldn't change
         | a bit from it, but some of the dropship scenes are terrible and
         | were pretty bad even back then.
         | 
         | Then again, be careful what you (um, I) wish for: if they were
         | to touch up Aliens they wouldn't stop at the dropship and they
         | would ruin it with unnecessary CGI.
        
           | lancesells wrote:
           | I noticed those dropship scenes on a rewatch a couple of
           | years ago. I think when I watched it as a kid it was on a CRT
           | on cable television and you couldn't see the details as much.
           | Plus, I was a kid.
           | 
           | On that note, I just rewatched the original Alien and there's
           | really only one or two shots that looks kind of bad or goofy.
           | Holds up so well for a film from 1979 with what would be a
           | lower range budget in today's money ($44M).
        
             | the_af wrote:
             | Yes, and also: imagine _Alien_ in the hands of a director
             | with access to today 's budget and CGI: it would completely
             | ditch any ambience, pace and characterizations in favor of
             | showing one -- nay, thousands -- of monsters and chase
             | scenes.
        
               | chaostheory wrote:
               | This is exactly why I hated the last half of Will Smith's
               | I Am Legend. The first half did so well at showing a post
               | apocalypse, and the last half ruined everything with CGI
               | video game monsters. They also butchered the main plot.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | I was watching an Industrial Light And Magic documentary on
         | Disney+ and it had Spielberg talking about the transition to
         | digital, and he goes out of his way to make the point that
         | effects are great but if you're not presenting it right and
         | telling a story that is worthwhile the film just won't last.
        
           | speed_spread wrote:
           | Too bad he didn't follow his own advice when doing A.I.
        
           | hgsgm wrote:
           | Jurassic Park, full of dinosaurs(!) had less CGI than most
           | mundane action movies of today.
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | Last time I watch Terminator 2, I stopped frame by frame
           | during the mall shooting scene, and I realized how cheap some
           | effects were, but how editing made it subtly perfect. It just
           | conveys the blow to represent the T1000 liquid metal
           | visually. No need to do more.
           | 
           | I think today's era is obese.. too much power, too available
           | .. no constraint.. the movie gets lost in the technology.
        
             | lifeisstillgood wrote:
             | I believe there is one shot in the final steelworks where
             | Arnie is wrestling with a guy wrapped in tinfoil. But it's
             | quick, not obvious and you just accept it as part of "metal
             | dude killing people". It's only in freeze frame that you go
             | - oh yeah.
        
             | jimbob45 wrote:
             | I know exactly which scene you're talking about and I
             | haven't seen that movie in decades. I thought the point was
             | to subvert audience expectations though. Cameron would have
             | the first real SFX on screen be practical so that you think
             | you're going to see something fairly run-of-the-mill. Then,
             | the shrapnel shrinks digitally and you realize T2 is like
             | nothing you've seen.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | Well even the first bullet impacts were suspiciously
               | strange but yeah you don't fully get slapped until the
               | body regenerate.
               | 
               | I really wonder how these people (movies, tv or music)
               | felt about things and what emotions made them operate /
               | edit / select shots and tricks to use.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | In the ILM documentary, they talked about T2, and how they
             | could do some amazing new effects, but they could not do a
             | large volume of them due to the complexity. They were very
             | careful about how they used their resources.
             | 
             | They had a surprisingly short amount of high end effects
             | time in that film...but it doesn't feel like it. Th film
             | moves very fluidly and the effects blend from one to
             | another without being jarring.
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | Particularly when the supposedly futurist technology has
         | already become obsolete since (CRT screens, rudimentary 3d
         | animations, lack of portable communication, absence of
         | networks, etc).
         | 
         | Also lots of sci-fi movies underestimate how much will not
         | change, we live today with 200yo buildings, our cities won't
         | look that different in 200 years.
        
           | anonymouskimmer wrote:
           | Not until improved concrete replaces current reinforced
           | concrete: https://theconversation.com/the-problem-with-
           | reinforced-conc...
        
             | heikkilevanto wrote:
             | Well, I live in Copenhagen, in a brick building that is
             | some 130 years old, like most of the buildings around here.
             | Reinforced concrete has arrived, and most new buildings are
             | built with it. I guess when the next level of super-
             | concrete comes, we will start building with it, but old
             | buildings will still stand for 50-100 years.
        
           | Swizec wrote:
           | > Also lots of sci-fi movies underestimate how much will not
           | change
           | 
           | My favorite detail of the Battlestar Galactica reboot was how
           | normal it all felt. For the most part your only clue that
           | it's The Future was that every rectangle had chopped off
           | corners to become an octagon.
           | 
           | They even found a clever plot-driven reason for why that's
           | the case. Loved it.
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | It also wasn't set on Earth. It was the future of the 12
             | colonies.
        
         | Bayart wrote:
         | Your point can be extended to other sci-fi movies that rely on
         | practical effects and sober aesthetics, 2001 comes to mind.
        
           | the_af wrote:
           | And Blade Runner. The original settings/artwork are miles
           | ahead the 2049 sequel just for this reason.
        
         | eternalban wrote:
         | > a minimalist future environment that still looks beautiful 25
         | years later.
         | 
         | Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright a few decades ago, building
         | started in 1960, so "~60 years later" /g
         | 
         | https://franklloydwright.org/site/marin-county-civic-center/
         | 
         | https://secretsanfrancisco.com/marin-county-civic-center-san...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marin_County_Civic_Center
        
           | bin_bash wrote:
           | If you're ever in the area, I highly recommend just going in
           | and walking around. It's incredible.
        
           | giantrobot wrote:
           | Hey don't forget the CLA building at Cal Poly Pomona[0]!
           | 
           | [0]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLA_Building
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | Generally, movies that focus on set design age much better than
         | movies that focus on effects. If you make a good set, it will
         | look good no matter how technically advanced your setup is. It
         | may look better when filmed using the latest cameras, but it
         | will never look wrong when it isn't, because it is the real
         | thing. Effects are not the real thing, and as technology
         | improved people have gotten better at noticing and are less
         | tolerant of the details that make it look fake, that's what
         | makes them look dated.
        
           | peter303 wrote:
           | You mean they dont still use 1980s computer screens in 22nd
           | century Star Trek?
        
             | hgsgm wrote:
             | They use 1960s plastic and foam panels with arrays of giant
             | light bulbs.
        
             | to11mtm wrote:
             | For how bad much of the computer imagery has changed, the
             | overall bridge sets in the TOS films look a -lot- better to
             | me than all of the fancy CGI stuff.
             | 
             | All of that said...
             | 
             | There's a certain correctness in my head to the idea that
             | in a pre-replicator future [0], it would be more smart to
             | use a bunch of physical buttons and CRT type monitors.
             | 
             | The main reason that comes to mind, is that a simple CRT is
             | probably easier to fabricate on a deep space mission than a
             | flat screen, if it needs replacement. Similar for all the
             | buttons/lights/switches.
             | 
             | Now, it wouldn't necessarily be -easy- for a ship in deep
             | space to re-fab these components. Thus the need for 'low-
             | fi' graphics, since you might be in a region where the best
             | your folks can fab is NTSC-quality.
             | 
             | [0] - While TOS had food synthesizers, that seems like a
             | subset of a full replicator's functionality.
        
               | hgsgm wrote:
               | TOS had famously low budget fake "high school theater"
               | quality sets. They are only tolerated because the story
               | is good.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | Keep in mind people originally watching TOS were likely
               | doing so on black and white TVs with a 10"-13" screen ten
               | feet away. The sets looked no worse than Forbidden
               | Planet, a theatrical release from a decade prior.
               | 
               | Modern high definition scans of the original film looks
               | hilariously bad on modern TVs. It looked far less bad on
               | TVs contemporary with the original broadcasts.
        
               | to11mtm wrote:
               | Also I was talking about TOS era _films_ which had much
               | more proper sets.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | it's why I think the Farscape puppets were absolutely genius.
           | They look so timeless compared to a lot of the heavy CGI use
           | during that era of TV sci-fi.
        
             | buildbot wrote:
             | Farscape is criminally under rated/known! It's also amusing
             | that SG1 ended up with two of the leads from it too for a
             | bit.
        
               | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
               | Leading to the best joke in the Episode 200.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | I like Farscape very much, but, to be fair, the really
               | good episodes were few and far between. You had to slog
               | through a _lot_ of sub-par episodes, and people can be
               | forgiven for not really taking to it because of that.
               | 
               | It's really a shame that Farscape didn't have stronger
               | writing because the whole puppets and minimal effects
               | thing works pretty well. (I can forgive Season 1 a bit as
               | the actors _and the writers_ were still figuring out the
               | characters. Season 2 and forward sub-par episodes were
               | all on the writers.)
               | 
               | However, as I understand it, the problem with the puppets
               | is that they are _expensive_.
        
             | yellow_postit wrote:
             | No upres issues either like what happened with Babylon 5
             | when they did the hd transfers for dvd.
        
         | peoplefromibiza wrote:
         | that's because props >> vfx
         | 
         | props cost much more, so you have to focus on everything else,
         | because you cannot rely on tons of CGI to fill the gaps
         | 
         | jaws is still a terrifying movie about a killer fish, meg is
         | already a joke.
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | Despite _Gattaca_ being one of my favorite movies for years I
         | only recently learned, right here on HN, that the
         | cinematographer is Slawomir Idziak, frequent collaborator of
         | Krzysztof Kieslowski, which explains why _Gattaca_ looks so
         | much like one of my other favorites, _The Double Life of
         | Veronique_.
         | 
         | > create a minimalist future environment that still looks
         | beautiful 25 years later.
         | 
         | See also: _Dark City_
        
           | cstuder wrote:
           | And for the love of god, watch the directors cut of `Dark
           | City`, not the cinema version.
        
             | nickstinemates wrote:
             | I have never watched the directors cut of any movie. This
             | will be my first.
        
               | implements wrote:
               | Director's cuts and Director's (and actor's) commentaries
               | are a good reason to still buy physical media.
        
               | nickstinemates wrote:
               | These are also available on the high seas as I found
               | after posting this comment.
        
             | the_af wrote:
             | I watched the cinema version and found it outstanding. What
             | are the changes in the director's cut?
        
               | riffraff wrote:
               | I second this, I love dark city and never knew there was
               | s director's cut.
        
               | forgotpwd16 wrote:
               | The main reason director's cut is recommended for first-
               | time viewers is theatrical version having an intro that
               | reveals many elements. That said the list of all the
               | differences is quite extensive:
               | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0118929/alternateversions/.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | Interesting. Will definitely watch the director's cut.
               | 
               | I must say though that I don't think the opening
               | monologue reveals too much. It reveals _something_ but
               | the city still feels weird, you don 't truly understand
               | the strangers' goals at the beginning, and there are
               | still plot twists. If you don't even know about the
               | strangers at the beginning, I wonder how the movie would
               | play... a pity I cannot wipe my own memories and re-
               | experience it ;)
        
               | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
               | A general rule of thumb that I've adopted is to
               | intentionally skip the first 10 minutes of any movie.
               | 
               | This happened accidentally with Memento [0], it it became
               | an incredible film. Without all that setup in the first
               | scene, you exist with the protagonist as he discovers his
               | world.
               | 
               | I've tried it with other films and they give away too
               | much information, you the viewer are practically handed
               | the whole script.
               | 
               | Give it a shot, you might like doing it that way.
               | 
               | [0][https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0209144/ ]
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | I observed a similar effect with University lectures:
               | being there from the start I often lost myself in some
               | embarrassing state of deep distraction, but when I missed
               | the beginning I went into attentive panic to make up for
               | what I missed that echoed on even after I fetched up.
        
               | jvm___ wrote:
               | So you use the Wadsworth constant on movies?
               | 
               | "The Wadsworth Constant is the idea (and 2011 meme) that
               | one can safely skip past the first 30 percent of any
               | YouTube video without missing any important content."
               | 
               | I don't quite think the UI_at_80x24 constant has the same
               | ring to it.
        
           | motohagiography wrote:
           | I had no idea about the Kieslowski connection, wow. I follow
           | his other great collaborator, composer Zbigniew Preisner,
           | where if you take anyone involved with Kieslowski chances are
           | it's going to be a good film. I have his tri coleurs and
           | decalogue on dvd, and double vie on vhs in a box somewhere.
           | Strange to think when these things were artifacts now that
           | nothing is, and that they could even be somewhat rare. I have
           | the original House of Cards series on dvd in that box, The
           | Big Sleep and other classics as well.
        
         | voytec wrote:
         | > A lot of great sci-fi is marred by cheap effects that look
         | incredibly dated only a decade later.
         | 
         | I, for one, enjoy low-budget scifi very much. Crappy CGI has
         | it's charm but CGI aside, I have the feeling that actors in
         | lower-budget shows were more involved than those in shows
         | written to be ratings winners.
         | 
         | It's kind of like with websites created with passion and
         | websites created for SEO.
        
           | snozolli wrote:
           | A lower-budget production, particularly by an independent
           | studio, will also have far less interference from "producers"
           | who try to justify their salary by giving notes.
           | 
           | Gattaca is from '97, which was right in the middle of a
           | golden era for movies. Independent films took off and even
           | big studios were affected by the shift.
           | 
           | With regards to GP's comment about bad effects, look at the
           | cult classic Event Horizon from the same year. It still holds
           | up in a lot of ways, but there's one laughably bad element:
           | horrible CGI water droplet effects. It was a hot new effect
           | and they shoved it into way too many shots.
        
             | canucker2016 wrote:
             | You don't know how good you have it until you see really
             | bad stuff.
             | 
             | Take the animated TV series Space Angel (
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Angel ), which
             | evidently used the patented-at-the-time Syncro-Vox (
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchro-Vox ) to display
             | moving lips on the animated characters.
             | 
             | It makes Hanna-Barbera cartoons look like Disney-quality
             | works in comparison. The lips made me cringe back when I
             | was a kid watching reruns of the show.
             | 
             | YouTube has episodes of the show.
        
       | narrator wrote:
       | We can do editing of somatic cells of adults now. Gattaca assumed
       | that was all static and unchangeable.
        
         | kanzure wrote:
         | We can do _some_ editing of _some_ of the somatic cells in
         | adults, and those edits have _some_ effect. Reaching all of the
         | somatic cells is actually quite difficult. We have had
         | significantly better results with germline genetic engineering
         | in animal models.
         | 
         | If you really need to reach all the cells, that's how you'll do
         | it. For example, if your trait is developmental in nature.
         | 
         | Try it at home: https://diyhpl.us/wiki/genetic-modifications/
        
       | kanzure wrote:
       | Gattaca set the field of biotech back by decades. Countless hours
       | have been wasted pointing to the movie for why we should not go
       | down the slippery slope of genetic choice. Cool movie though,
       | that's part of the problem.
       | 
       | "If the audience is supposed to accept that genetic determinism
       | is true in Gattaca, then no amount of Vincent's hard work should
       | make Vincent a hero. He's just a fraud. If the audience is not
       | supposed to believe that in the world of Gattaca genetic
       | determinism is true (that is, it's false), then it should be
       | interpreted as a story of discrimination, and a story of the
       | underdog's heroic hard work overcoming the negative effects of a
       | corrupt, wrong, erroneously-discriminating society."
       | 
       | from http://www.ln.edu.hk/philoso/staff/sesardic/Gattaca.pdf &
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32386006
       | 
       | Besides, Vincent could just purchase a ticket for a rocket ride
       | instead....
        
         | chordalkeyboard wrote:
         | > Therefore the statistical estimates issued by genetic experts
         | have to be true; otherwise, there is simply no story to tell.
         | 
         | (from your first link)
         | 
         | The movie obliquely addresses this when Vincent experiences a
         | non-fatal heart attack on the treadmill. The scientific
         | predictions are not infallible but some people seem to have
         | forgotten that.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | brmgb wrote:
         | Or as I like to put it Gattaca put the spotlight on research
         | which had been treading the line of ethics for a decade with a
         | dangerous lack of supervision and helped convince people that
         | putting the brakes on it was welcome. That's fiction playing
         | its role.
        
           | kanzure wrote:
           | yeah let's hope parents don't get to choose a better life for
           | their kids, watch out?
        
             | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
             | Well, the problem we deal with today is that parents--
             | actually medical professionals--choose death for children
             | rather than allow them to live out their lives.
             | 
             | Zero children with Down Syndrome are born in Iceland. Why?
             | Because physicians would rather end their lives as soon as
             | they find out that they "suffer" from the condition. I
             | placed "suffer" in quotes, because many of us are quite
             | aware that people with Down Syndrome don't suffer any more
             | or less than the rest of us with a medical condition, and
             | many of them lead happy and productive lives for a
             | relatively long time.
             | 
             | But if the physicians, or the parents, can just head off
             | that predicted suffering within a 9-month time frame,
             | nobody has to suffer at all (beyond one little procedure.)
             | 
             | Sometimes I wonder who would suffer more, a child born with
             | Down, or overly-entitled parents who will always wish their
             | baby wasn't so... imperfect.
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | I don't particularly agree with your comment but it does
               | point out another aspect of the movie's genius: it
               | presents the scenario, makes us think and suggests some
               | conclusions but doesn't beat us over the head with moral
               | lessons. In other words, it treats the viewer like an
               | adult.
        
               | skybrian wrote:
               | I think there's some status quo bias here? Seems like if
               | Down's Syndrome didn't exist, someone who invented it and
               | caused children to born with it would be considered a
               | monster?
        
         | readams wrote:
         | I don't think that's at all what you should get out of Gattaca
         | on discrimination. Rather, even in a world where you have
         | people who are statistically overwhelmingly likely to be better
         | in every way, the morally right thing to do is _still_ to allow
         | people the same opportunities to excel, and succeed or fail on
         | their merits.
        
           | kanzure wrote:
           | Bingo. It's mostly a story about discrimination.
           | Unfortunately it is mistakenly used as a cautionary tale to
           | slow down or prevent progress on genetics.
        
       | college_physics wrote:
       | There is a bit of survivorship bias. Sci-fi has imagined every
       | possible universe, some of the predictions feel very close to
       | what is transpiring. And if we focus entirely on the _human_
       | stories behind technological facades or other cultural
       | variability, some people claim that all possible stories have
       | been written already.
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | I doubt that very much. People can always be wilder than
         | fiction. I'm not aware of any sci-fi that predated gender
         | fluidity, for instance.
        
           | sangnoir wrote:
           | > I'm not aware of any sci-fi that predated gender fluidity,
           | for instance.
           | 
           | Ursula Le Guin's _The Left Hand of Darkness (1964)_ had
           | gender fluidity, before it was called that. It was central to
           | the story.
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | Good point! Totally forgot about that one.
        
           | IngoBlechschmid wrote:
           | Greg Egan's _Diaspora_ (1997) and _Oceanic_ (1998) come to my
           | mind. Of course not really predating, with what we now
           | recognize as gender fluidity existing for thousands of years,
           | but in any case early texts long before the notion rose to be
           | widely known in our culture.
        
             | Vecr wrote:
             | Those are probably written too late, I'd say they would
             | need to be written in 1990 or before to really count as
             | predicting anything. Though actually, if they predict it
             | with more accuracy and say how common it is (so it's not
             | just the one weird character being weird, but also not
             | being anywhere close to everyone) that might be something
             | as well.
        
               | IngoBlechschmid wrote:
               | Fair. (In _Diaspora_ many people are; in _Oceanic_, all.)
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | dougmwne wrote:
         | As someone who saw it when it came out, no it was clear at the
         | time that the movie was a classic and also something we would
         | be wrestling with for a long time to come. The genetic
         | temptations were clear, as was thousands of years of wealth and
         | ethnic inequality. Gattaca did a great job of portraying
         | something yet to come.
         | 
         | And we are still just at the beginning of our genocratic
         | journey.
        
           | anonymouskimmer wrote:
           | Like all great SciFi, Gattaca also portrayed the culture at
           | the time. And this is a culture that is still with us.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | I also think there is a negativity bias in effect here. I have
         | noticed that dystopian stories like Gattaca always seem more
         | realistic, even when they are not.
         | 
         | Look at 1984, it got almost all of the details wrong, and yet,
         | many people say it is somehow visionary because it had a few
         | things somewhat right. That's, I think, because almost all of
         | it is negative, and because of that natural bias, we tend to
         | think of these of more relevant.
        
       | giberson wrote:
       | I though about this movie a lot going through IVF with my wife.
       | Particularly when selecting the embryo to implant. For those that
       | don't know:
       | 
       | With IVF, the doctor harvests as many eggs from the woman as
       | possible. Then after taking the make sample and cleaning,
       | selecting the semen with best modality , fertilize each embryo.
       | Then let the embryo grow for a couple of days then freeze the
       | embryo until it's ready to be implanted (likely during the
       | woman's next cycle). If you choose, and generally for a fee, you
       | can have each embryo tested for chromosome mutations.
       | 
       | After the process your doctor will call you and let you know how
       | many eggs were harvested and how many were fertilized. They can
       | then give you a report card for the embryos that represent
       | likelihood of live birth, chromosome evaluation, male/female etc.
       | 
       | You then make a selection of which embryo (s) to insert.
       | 
       | Obviously, given the expense of IVF it's hard to imagine a
       | scenario of not telling the doctor to pick the highest rated
       | (male or female) embryo just for best chance of success.
       | 
       | Felt very reminiscent of gattaca. And that was just selecting the
       | best that we produced. I can easily see myself saying yes to "The
       | best embryo you have had a chromosome defect that will likely
       | result in condition X, but we can fix the defect with a small
       | gene modification, and give the child the best chance for a
       | healthy life, should we modify the embryo?"
       | 
       | And then the slippery slope, "we can also improve the odds of
       | higher intellect, being taller , thinner, etc".
        
         | abledon wrote:
         | who are the biggest IVF players in the space right now?
        
         | KMag wrote:
         | Did you find a very skewed sex ratio in your embryos?
         | 
         | My dad has a sister, but has only two sons. My brother has 3
         | sons and one daughter, all natural pregnancies. My wife and I
         | have 1 son via IVF, and the other 4 embryos we had checked for
         | chromosomal abnormalities happened to all be male.
         | 
         | I am aware that some IVF processes can inadvertently introduce
         | a sex bias by exacerbating the tiny speed advantage the lighter
         | Y chromosome gives sperm.
         | 
         | I'm curious (and will never know) how much of the skewed sex
         | ratio of my embryos is due to randomness, how much is due to
         | IVF processes, and how much might be due to some familial
         | abnormality.
        
       | mhb wrote:
       | Discussion about the Gattaca draft script:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34134565
        
       | senthilnayagam wrote:
       | at current levels space travels is risky, high cost and prestige.
       | except for couple of private space tourists in last couple of
       | years, everyone else was chosen by governments, predominantly
       | fighter pilots.
       | 
       | billionaires will be going to space more often than commoners in
       | this and possibly next decade.
       | 
       | I liked Gattaca but believe more in The Expanse kind of future
       | colonisation of solar system.
        
       | Vecr wrote:
       | One thing I don't understand about the movie, even after reading
       | the screenplay etc. is why does Vincent claim the doctors knew
       | the exact time of his death just seconds after he was born? They
       | clearly don't and can't, given the entire rest of the movie. Are
       | the doctors just reading out the exact middle of the probability
       | distribution (or the time with the absolute highest probability),
       | to way more precision than actually makes sense? On another note,
       | I'm not sure the probability curve would actually only have one
       | peak in Vincent's case, one peak from his heart condition and
       | another from old age would make sense. The doctors/his parents
       | should have explained the nature of the probability distribution
       | in much more detail.
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | I always took it as implied that, although the 99% chance was
         | their real knowledge of the distribution, this was a story
         | _about_ the one guy that ended up flying to space.
        
           | Filligree wrote:
           | He does not actually fly to space in-movie, and from what I
           | recall, it seems entirely plausible that he'll have a heart
           | attack and die during the first flight. With all the
           | implications that has for the rest of the team.
        
             | coryrc wrote:
             | After surviving jogging on the treadmill? I don't think
             | space launch is /that/ stressful.
        
             | tialaramex wrote:
             | The movie features the moment of ignition, as a counter-
             | point to Jerome incinerating himself, so we see Vincent is
             | going into space, I guess it's conceivable that for some
             | reason his heart fails shortly after the movie ends but you
             | could say that about any movie. Maybe right after he
             | leaves, Truman drops dead of a heart attack in The Truman
             | Show?
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "They clearly don't and can't, given the entire rest of the
         | movie."
         | 
         | Even today some doctors dumb-down and overvalued their own
         | opinion. I assume someone who thinks they're basically playing
         | god would think similarly.
        
         | landryraccoon wrote:
         | That part of the movie actually makes perfect sense to me.
         | 
         | In the real world, the vast majority of people are quick to
         | misinterpret scientific findings to reinforce their own biases.
         | Gattaca is the story of a world where the "Others" in that
         | society are those who are not genetically engineered to
         | culturally acceptable standards.
         | 
         | IMHO it is a very human and believable part of the story that
         | most of society will simply choose to go along with being
         | bigoted against the out group, and not spend the extra time and
         | effort to figure out if their biases are actually correct. In
         | the story, Anton tells Vincent his parents died assuming that
         | he had died young, because the doctors told them he would.
        
           | Vecr wrote:
           | I suspect this is probably correct, thank you.
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | Also because how would they know a medical treatment wouldn't
         | become available to allow Vincent the likelihood of a longer
         | life? Maybe society has stopped advancing because of their
         | deterministic outlook?
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | > Are the doctors just reading out the exact middle of the
         | probability distribution
         | 
         | The movie was very explicit about reading out high
         | probabilities for Vincent's problems. So they're not
         | certainties, but they are treated as such by the wider society
         | which is why he narrated it as if it was a certainty.
        
         | wonderwonder wrote:
         | the doctors were also salesmen. There is a scene where they are
         | pitching the various options and pushing for the more
         | expensive. I would assume that a majority of what they say is
         | just dishonest attempts to make the parents feel bad about not
         | optimizing their child. They are presenting the worst case
         | scenario as fact.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | Isn't that the entire point of the movie? They /don't/ actually
         | know even though they think they do, the entire society is
         | built on hubris.
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | Good thing we would never fall for such an obvious thing.
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | You can read it as a criticism of the society that he was born
         | into.
        
         | skeeter2020 wrote:
         | >> The doctors/his parents should have explained the nature of
         | the probability distribution in much more detail.
         | 
         | It may be a movie based in science and still relevant, but it
         | is still first and primarily a movie for entertainment. Add in
         | the fact that "doctors knew the exact time of his death just
         | seconds after he was born" can be interpreted as how long his
         | body will last, not predicting the future, and I'm not sure
         | your request for explaining the math behind this statement
         | would contribute much to the movie.
        
           | Vecr wrote:
           | >> an be interpreted as how long his body will last
           | 
           | How would you know that either, even with perfect
           | interpretation of a full DNA sequence and NMRI scans? Let's
           | say to simplify you knew the exact total number of heartbeats
           | his heart could handle before instantly conking out
           | (obviously not a real thing). There would still be a
           | probability distribution, and possibly not a simple one at
           | that, based on how much physical activity he does, when and
           | how often he gets sick from viral infections, etc. Really
           | anything that impacts his heart rate at the time.
        
       | lapama wrote:
       | Interestingly enough, the article ends up in what I understand is
       | a circular loop: a concern about the best in society. I'd prefer
       | a concern about the average neighbour and person, instead.
        
       | wonderwonder wrote:
       | Gattaca is one of my favorite movies, mainly because of how
       | believable the concept is. Lets say tomorrow they create a
       | commercially available means of ensuring a child is physically
       | and intellectually superior. Once people start availing
       | themselves of this service anyone with the means almost has to do
       | it as well simply as a kindness to their unborn child to ensure
       | they don't end up as a subspecies to the new genetic ubermensch.
       | Society would quickly split into a genetic upper and lower class
       | exactly as displayed in the movie. It would be very hard to
       | consciously condemn your child to the lower class for the
       | entirety of their life if you had the means to do otherwise.
       | 
       | I'm not advocating for this, just describing what I see as the
       | most likely scenario.
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | Problem is genetics is messy as the article states, and we have
         | a long way to go to unentangle the role the environment plays,
         | plus there are always unpredictable environmental factors.
         | There's also the possibility of negative side effects to
         | certain genetic advantages. You might predispose your child to
         | being a genius and mentally ill.
         | 
         | I don't think the movie's caste system is realistic, because
         | the role of genes isn't that deterministic. There would be too
         | many exceptions like Ethan Hawke and Jude Law's characters.
        
           | deadbeeves wrote:
           | >I don't think the movie's caste system is realistic, because
           | the role of genes isn't that deterministic.
           | 
           | When your entire society is structured around covertly
           | filtering out people with the wrong genes, you end up with a
           | self-fulfilling prophecy. Natural-born people can't succeed
           | because they've been predicted they won't succeed, and
           | engineered people succeed because they've been predicted they
           | will succeed. I'm not even saying this happens because
           | someone wants it to happen like this to maintain the status
           | quo. It can happen because your peers push you in a direction
           | that aligns with society.
           | 
           | Also, if you think about it, the movie never directly states
           | that engineered people are actually "better". Sure, they're
           | on average taller, with perfect eyesight, and with the lowest
           | chance of developing certain conditions, but they're not
           | necessarily smarter or stronger; they're just as smart or as
           | strong as they could have been given their parents. The space
           | program was filled with "the best", but we don't actually
           | know if it would have operated worse with a mixer personnel,
           | that's just what the administration believed.
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | While I don't disagree with you based on today's genetic
           | mastery I think things could look very different in 25 years.
           | 
           | Also all of human history is essentially different castes
           | deciding they are better and society adapting to it.
        
       | lenocinor wrote:
       | I'm glad many of you enjoyed the movie. I watched it for the
       | first time last month and did not enjoy it personally. I think
       | the thing that kept making me not believe the narrative was the
       | assumption that you could somehow control how your DNA was left
       | behind. Your body leaves behind hair and skin cells and eyelashes
       | and whatever constantly. No amount of scrubbing like he does in
       | the movie will help that. Also the idea that we would have really
       | advanced genetics but not better genetic detection and tracking
       | technology was not believable for me either.
       | 
       | It's a shame because I think the core idea of the movie was
       | interesting. I just wish the implementation was more believable
       | for me.
        
         | joshuahedlund wrote:
         | Sci-fi has always accidentally reflected the limited
         | imagination of the era it was written in. My favorite example
         | is Isaac Asimov's _I, Robot_ , written before digital displays
         | were a thing. In the story technology has advanced so far that
         | humans have landed on Mercury for mining, but they have to
         | track their lost robots by _manually drawing a pencil graph_ of
         | their radar pings.
        
       | abtinf wrote:
       | Death by thesaurus: switching "relevant" to "pertinent" is
       | incoherent in this context. If you are going to use a cliche or
       | idiom, then _use it without modification_.
        
         | anonymouskimmer wrote:
         | Not everyone has idioms memorized by word. Some of us have them
         | memorized by gist, and our misunderstanding of words can cause
         | us to get it gist wrong.
        
       | cm2187 wrote:
       | Eugenism is inevitable. You can't stop parents trying to get the
       | best life for their children, that's pretty much their top
       | priority. We don't like to frame it that way but we are already
       | there with pre-natal tests. Even the selection of mating partner
       | is a form of eugenics. College graduates only marrying college
       | graduates, repeat that for many generations and it is bound to
       | have an effect.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | thrown_43 wrote:
         | Eugenics is a comforting story the middle classes tell
         | themselves feel better about being ruled by liars and
         | swindlers. If you want the best life for your children teach
         | them to be selectively sociopathic without a shred of decency.
         | One day they can be the next Obama or Trump. Or Gates. Or Musk.
        
           | imachine1980_ wrote:
           | Three of the four people(I think Obama wanst) are white sons
           | of millioneirs, I don't think smart is the important part of
           | the equation.
        
         | anonymouskimmer wrote:
         | One of the major problems with eugenics highlighted in Gattaca
         | is that it was used to artificially pre-select who was allowed
         | to compete and who wasn't.
         | 
         | > "Even the selection of mating partner is a form of eugenics."
         | 
         | Only when the selection is done by those who aren't the two
         | partners (e.g. arranged marriages, theoretically rape in the
         | absence of abortion). Otherwise it's natural selection between
         | partners - there's no guarantee the aspects two people find
         | attractive in each other are genetically heritable.
         | 
         | > "College graduates only marrying college graduates, repeat
         | that for many generations and it is bound to have an effect."
         | 
         | Assortative mating per se isn't necessarily eugenics. It takes
         | an instruction from the outside on what mating partners
         | _should_ consider attractive in a potential mate. Without this
         | instruction people will find a variety of differing, and even
         | mutually exclusive, traits attractive, and will assort on these
         | variety of traits, not on a hierarchy of traits.
         | 
         | http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/topics_fs.pl?theme=3...
         | 
         | "Eugenicists realized that assortative mating did not always
         | produce the best offspring, so sought ways to popularize what
         | they considered to be good marriages. Francis Galton urged the
         | brightest and the healthiest individuals to marry each other.
         | He found an ideal situation in German university _professors_
         | <emphasis mine> (then all male) who tended to marry the
         | daughters of professors or their female _graduate students_
         | <emphasis mine>. This positive expression of eugenics
         | encouraged the selection of good mates through popular health
         | books and Fitter Families Contests held at state fairs. The
         | training of field workers at the Eugenics Record Office
         | included exercises to help them analyze mate preferences and
         | make better eugenic choices."
        
           | lmm wrote:
           | > there's no guarantee the aspects two people find attractive
           | in each other are genetically heritable.
           | 
           | Evolution naturally tends in that direction.
           | 
           | > Assortative mating per se isn't necessarily eugenics. It
           | takes an instruction from the outside on what mating partners
           | should consider attractive in a potential mate. Without this
           | instruction people will find a variety of differing, and even
           | mutually exclusive, traits attractive, and will assort on
           | these variety of traits, not on a hierarchy of traits.
           | 
           | Up to a point. There's still a pretty strong correlation
           | between what different people find attractive, and there are
           | certainly things that almost everyone agrees are
           | unattractive.
        
             | anonymouskimmer wrote:
             | > Evolution naturally tends in that direction.
             | 
             | A lot of what people find attractive about each other are
             | personalities (and only some traits are heritable, not
             | entire types), and artifacts of how people were raised or
             | adapted to how they were raised.
             | 
             | > Up to a point. There's still a pretty strong correlation
             | between what different people find attractive, and there
             | are certainly things that almost everyone agrees are
             | unattractive.
             | 
             | Of course, though moreso the latter. Eugenics, as a term,
             | to have meaning, is an extreme of breeding behavior. It
             | isn't just regular assortative mating among local
             | populations.
        
         | flavius29663 wrote:
         | I keep thinking about eugenics, how can we have eugenics
         | without resorting to genocide or ending up with a dystopia,
         | like in Gattaca? Should we even strive to get eugenics, why
         | bother? Where does diversity become detrimental to success for
         | an individual? The clone of a perfect individual will always
         | perform better than the peers, except when we need adaptation
         | and flexibility. Will we get to a society where just some
         | parents agree to alter the genes of their offspring like in
         | Gattaca, for some very niche job opportunities? What happens
         | when it goes wrong, can the child sue the parent?
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | I am not sure why you would associate eugenics with genocide.
           | As the article mentions, today you can promote or suppress a
           | gene by simply patching the genome.
           | 
           | And frankly I am not sure which is more dystopian: a future
           | where none of the kids are born with genetic diseases,
           | predisposition to be obese, or simply stupid or ugly, vs the
           | present where a kid has to live with those things he can do
           | nothing about.
        
             | flavius29663 wrote:
             | > a future where none of the kids are born with genetic
             | diseases, predisposition to be obese, or simply stupid or
             | ugly
             | 
             | But we're all defective today, one way or another. It's
             | incredibly rare for someone to be "perfect" genetically
             | speaking, and a lot of those people will have a bad
             | upbringing or something else to hold them back. It's true
             | that being beautiful and above average smart will get you
             | through life so much easier though.
             | 
             | Anyway, have you seem Gattaca? It shows how this can become
             | dystopian very quickly.
             | 
             | Also, if we weed out "bad genes", we might get a surprise
             | down the line, where those gene were actually essential for
             | out survival as a species, and we might be wiped out by a
             | pandemic or something similar.
             | 
             | Yeah, I dunno, eugenics is hard, ethically speaking. Yes, I
             | would have liked to be beautiful...who wouldn't ?
        
               | chordalkeyboard wrote:
               | > It's incredibly rare for someone to be "perfect"
               | genetically speaking
               | 
               | its actually impossible because the only objective
               | measure of gene quality is the performance of the
               | organism and the performance of the organism depends on
               | the environment.
        
               | cm2187 wrote:
               | I have seen Gattaca (a while ago). But if anything it
               | illustrates the point of view of the guy who has to live
               | with a flawed genome (though in the movie a minor
               | imperfection). Isn't it the point of view of the kid who
               | has to live with his below average genome today?
        
               | hgsgm wrote:
               | And then the guy who had an accident gets his life ruined
               | because only the dominant subjective "perfection" is
               | tolerated.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | It wasn't an accident. Thus the marketing line for
               | Gattaca: "There is no gene for the human spirit.".
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | "I am not sure why you would associate eugenics with
             | genocide."
             | 
             | Historically eugenics has included some mistreatment of
             | those with undesired traits, upto and including genocide.
        
               | cm2187 wrote:
               | Historically chemistry has been used to produce Zyklon B.
               | Doesn't mean chemistry is bad.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | But it does show that it can br used in a bad way or or a
               | bad cause. Someone asked why genocide was mentioned.
               | History supports caution on that front, just as it does
               | for chemistry.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Chemistry gets like a trillion plus points for the
               | benefits it's bright and a few hundred million minus
               | pounds for the harm it's caused. And indeed, for some
               | people the term "chemical" is automatically something bad
               | (they don't appreciate it if you point out water is a
               | chemical, and not only because there's an implied
               | "artificial" in its usage).
               | 
               | Eugenics... well, we can see the theoretical benefits of
               | things like ending sickle cell anaemia outside malarial
               | regions, but we're starting from _really huge_ negative
               | points because it turned out that racist people found it
               | to be a really convenient justification for genocide, and
               | sadly genocides get attempted so often[0] that it 's
               | probably not going to be possible to dissociate the two.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_genocides
        
       | reducesuffering wrote:
       | Isn't Gattaca already here? Another commenter mentioned 0 down
       | syndrome children born in Iceland. Aren't we already doing embryo
       | selection as prospective parents in "1st world" countries?
        
         | jart wrote:
         | Iceland just has a high abortion rate. Selectively terminating
         | births isn't quite the same thing as the genetic engineering
         | and embryo manipulation that was going on in the Gattaca movie.
         | There's even a quote from the movie that specifically addresses
         | this, where that guy says, "you could conceive a million times
         | naturally and never get such a result."
        
           | reducesuffering wrote:
           | I don't mean Gattaca's full tech involving choosing traits
           | for a child are here, but that the age of embryo and trait
           | selection is here. Aren't some parents doing embryo selection
           | filtering out undesirable traits?
        
             | canucker2016 wrote:
             | Yes. In India and China, selecting embryos based on sex
             | (preferring males) has supposedly led to a lower number of
             | baby girls.
             | 
             | see https://www.newscientist.com/article/2199874-sex-
             | selective-a...
             | 
             | But South Korea has been able to reverse the trend, from
             | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-38362474
             | 
             | ====
             | 
             | In an effort to reduce the incidence of selective
             | abortions, South Korea enacted a law in 1988 making it
             | illegal for a doctor to reveal the gender of a foetus to
             | expectant parents.
             | 
             | At the same time women were also becoming more educated,
             | with many more starting to join the workforce, challenging
             | the convention that it was the job of a man to provide for
             | his family.
             | 
             | It worked, but it was not for one reason alone. Rather, a
             | combination of these factors led to the eventual gender
             | rebalancing.
             | 
             | South Korea was acknowledged as the "first Asian country to
             | reverse the trend in rising sex ratios at birth", in a
             | report by the World Bank.
             | 
             | ====
        
       | apples_oranges wrote:
       | I believe advances in AI will make the core plot idea of the film
       | obsolete. It is a good movie, but even the most genetically
       | perfect human will probably not have a fraction of the
       | intelligence of AI. He will be, relatively speaking, a mere dummy
       | like the rest of us. Thus the future as shown in this film will
       | not happen.
       | 
       | However, good sci-fi is actually always about the present. And
       | the movie has a lot of interesting things to say about the human
       | condition in the late 1990s and now.
        
         | jart wrote:
         | The elite in Gattaca weren't genetically perfect (i.e. the
         | upper echelon of a race born by natural chance), they were
         | genetically engineered. There's a big difference here. Humans
         | are biological computers. There's no reason we can't be made
         | like computers too, with features added that give us the same
         | advantages as silicon machines. In fact it's more likely that
         | silicon machines will become more like us, due to the density,
         | three-dimensionality, power efficiency, and antifragility of
         | our wetware, which is the product of eight billion years of
         | natural selection rather than a century of industrialization.
         | So I think Gattaca is entirely plausible, although it wouldn't
         | surprise me if the oppression ends up happening in the
         | _complete opposite_ direction, where the genetically engineered
         | superior creatures aren 't granted human status and instead
         | used as a slave caste by the faith births who wield their
         | unfairly inherited wealth and power.
        
         | mb7733 wrote:
         | From what I remember the film didn't focus on intelligence. The
         | main character suffers from genetic disorders that affect his
         | health and lifespan, plus discrimination based on his 'invalid'
         | status. All of that is still very relevant regardless of any
         | progress with AGI.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | IQ was mentioned a couple times in the film, and the main
           | character was shown studying very hard to keep up with his
           | job. The fact that it wasn't the sole focus of the selection
           | program was a consequence of the whole society wanting to do
           | it. It wasn't a bunch of super-nerds doing something weird,
           | the idea was that _every_ part of our society 's conception
           | of achievement and "human quality" had been folded in to the
           | nightmare, which made it inescapable.
        
             | mb7733 wrote:
             | Fair enough, but health and fitness are not just for sport
             | and culture. It's practical; you don't want your astronauts
             | to have medical emergencies in space. Similarly, if you put
             | resources into training them you'd rather they didn't die
             | at 30 due to poor genetics.
             | 
             | If any new tech threatens to render the premise obsolete,
             | it's robotics. Not sending humans to space in the first
             | place avoids the issue of selecting astronauts at all.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | Well, you have to be open to a little symbolism in films.
               | "Astronaut" is a universally recognized symbol of someone
               | who is fit and highly educated, and who had passed a lot
               | of tests to gain access to an esteemed position.
        
               | mb7733 wrote:
               | Totally agree, the actual theme of the film is pretty
               | timeless. I was just entertaining the "obsolescence"
               | debate
        
         | purple_ferret wrote:
         | The wealthiest classes in the world will select their kids to
         | be genetically superior to others in many ways.
         | 
         | A 'natural' human will be so inferior to these people that they
         | can only exist in subclass
         | 
         | That is the message of the movie.
        
         | dougmwne wrote:
         | I am not so sure of that future. I do believe that AI will have
         | incredible capabilities. I also think the human race would
         | destroy the planet trying to maintain control. We will do
         | everything possible to make AI a slave to our wills, up to and
         | including genetically engineering ourselves to brain-computer
         | interface with and dominate AIs if that's what it takes.
         | 
         | I understand the established narrative is that AI will zoom
         | past us and subjugate us before we even realize it. I saw we
         | would never go down without a fight and our survival and
         | domination instinct is more powerful than any machine.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > perfect human will probably not have a fraction of the
         | intelligence of AI.
         | 
         | Yes.. but he will still be operational even when the
         | electricity is interrupted, which will make him look light
         | years ahead of the AI. The "AI" will always have this problem.
         | Until it gets a body and an internal power source it won't
         | match our capabilities, and even then, most likely.. it will
         | start to share some of our vulnerabilities and common ends.
         | 
         | As if AI would somehow be unconstrained from the limits of
         | physical engineering.
        
           | reducesuffering wrote:
           | An AGI will very quickly understand how to create a body and
           | self-sustaining solar or nuclear energy source for itself,
           | far more independent than our needs of water, food, oxygen,
           | and warmth.
        
       | wonderwonder wrote:
       | Throw away comment but to anybody that likes this movie and it's
       | ideas, I highly recommend the Red Rising series by Pierce Brown.
       | It's the concepts of this film allowed to run their course for a
       | few hundred years.
        
       | seized wrote:
       | With Crispr and related technologies it seems even more pertinent
       | today than 25 years ago.
        
       | beebmam wrote:
       | I found it really hard to relate to any of the characters in the
       | film, to the point where they were barely recognizable as humans.
       | 
       | Does it make sense, in a world like the one in Gattaca, for a
       | person that is part of a discriminated class, to go into space,
       | instead of trying to change the society around him to be less
       | discriminatory?
       | 
       | It seemed to me like the whole effort was a self-motivated,
       | flaccid revenge fantasy that wouldn't make any material
       | difference to the others suffering from discrimination on earth.
       | All of that effort, for what?
       | 
       | Anyway, I didn't hate the film, I just found it bizarre, alien-
       | like.
        
         | refuse wrote:
         | > Does it make sense, in a world like the one in Gattaca, for a
         | person that is part of a discriminated class, to go into space,
         | instead of trying to change the society around him to be less
         | discriminatory?
         | 
         | Most people in discriminated classes in the real world don't go
         | out trying to change society.
        
           | beebmam wrote:
           | > Most people in discriminated classes in the real world
           | don't go out trying to change society.
           | 
           | What is your evidence for this claim? I'm not as certain as
           | you that a majority of people in discriminated classes don't
           | try to change their society for the better. Maybe it depends
           | on exactly what you mean by "change society", but at least
           | for me, I see even small discussions like the one we're
           | having here as potentially changing society.
           | 
           | By the way, I'm curious, and please correct me if I'm wrong
           | (as I'm not trying to misrepresent your beliefs): Are you
           | making a normative claim here too, like "Discriminated
           | classes shouldn't try to change their societies"?
        
           | sangnoir wrote:
           | ...and the few that attempt to change society almost always
           | fail, or don't live to see the change they fight for in their
           | lifetime.
        
         | bequanna wrote:
         | > Does it make sense, in a world like the one in Gattaca, for a
         | person that is part of a discriminated class, to go into space,
         | instead of trying to change the society around him to be less
         | discriminatory?
         | 
         | I think this is a little naive.
         | 
         | Why should every member of an underclass have to fight the good
         | fight vs improve their own personal position? IMO, the latter
         | is much more likely.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | And when the news gets out a underclass achieved something
           | great it may change things.
        
             | skeeter2020 wrote:
             | definitely - look at sports, academics, etc. Once something
             | "impossible" gets completed, it gets repeated more
             | frequently and widely than you'd expect.
        
             | sangnoir wrote:
             | History is filled with counterexamples. Discriminated
             | people who do great things are discounted as once-offs,
             | ceremonially inducted into the in-group or ignored
             | entirely.
        
         | chordalkeyboard wrote:
         | > Does it make sense, in a world like the one in Gattaca, for a
         | person that is part of a discriminated class, to go into space,
         | instead of trying to change the society around him to be less
         | discriminatory?
         | 
         | Yes, it absolutely makes sense for one lone individual to
         | pursue self-actualization against the odds rather than embark
         | on a crusade to remake the world around him against even
         | greater odds.
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | Moreover, systemic change results from lots of stories like
           | this piling up, proving that the underlying narrative driving
           | the discrimination was always false.
        
         | skeeter2020 wrote:
         | if you are broadly discriminated against I think it makes
         | perfect sense that you focus on one, important thing and try to
         | overcome that. Otherwise you'll just continually be beat down
         | and get nowhere. I think the film does a good job showing this
         | realistic path.
        
         | RedShift1 wrote:
         | Why can't things be self-motivated? Not every story has to be
         | about changing society...
        
           | beebmam wrote:
           | Of course, and that's totally fine! I'm glad the film was
           | made, and like I said, I didn't hate the film.
           | 
           | I was just commenting on my own perspective on the film: that
           | it was unrelatable for me.
        
         | pfortuny wrote:
         | One is not obliged to do the best thing possible, or even to
         | choose the "better" thing, as long as one does good.
        
         | InspiredIdiot wrote:
         | In my imagined ending he _does_ die in space, but after
         | accomplishing something great and as a result the obstacles he
         | overcame to get there become known and contribute to the very
         | slow process of realigning society.
        
         | curiousgal wrote:
         | lol how exactly do you expect him to change things if he
         | stayed? Once he's back he'll be able to actually make a
         | difference with the status/resources he got by leaving.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | It tells you something about HN that there are like ten
           | replies arguing that he should have the right to be selfish,
           | and only one that recognizes that he was doing exactly what
           | people from minorities did in the past to overturn the belief
           | that they couldn't do anything.
        
             | allenu wrote:
             | I mean, it's fair to be selfish and to recognize that
             | people are allowed to be selfish. It's a big expectation
             | that discriminated peoples should devote their life to
             | changing the system that was unfair to them. We're all
             | human and still want to achieve personal goals in our
             | lifetime, many of which don't necessarily have to do with
             | social justice.
        
             | curiousgal wrote:
             | I think the reason is because I am an actual mintority who
             | is doing the same thing. It's exactly why I relate to the
             | movie despite being a woman.
        
               | InspiredIdiot wrote:
               | I'm glad you relate to it because it is amazing but if
               | there is one criticism I could level, it is that the only
               | female character seems like she is ~drugged~ for most of
               | the movie. Uma Thurman is a good actress so I have to
               | assume it was the direction/script.
               | 
               | Edit. Sorry, I was getting hyperbolic. There just isn't
               | much development of her character so it is hard to see
               | what the relationship between her and Ethan Hawke's
               | character is even based on.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | She was written that way to show what effects their
               | cultural expectations would have on somebody's emotional
               | expressiveness.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | anonymouskimmer wrote:
               | It's not just her who acts that way. It's every valid
               | portrayed in the movie.
               | 
               | > "it is hard to see what the relationship between her
               | and Ethan Hawke's character is even based on."
               | 
               | As implied in the movie he sees in her a person who,
               | despite being a valid, is limited by the fact that she
               | has a disability. The same kind of disability he has.
               | Only she buys in to it and allows cultural expectations
               | to limit her. He wants to "fix her". To show her that she
               | may not be so limited if she has the fortitude to push
               | past her limitation.
               | 
               | Also they probably find each other physically attractive
               | too.
        
       | OnionBlender wrote:
       | This is my favorite movie but I always wondered if Vincent ends
       | up dying in space.
        
         | bni wrote:
         | I always interpreted it this way: He is going to space wearing
         | a business suite, so space flight is quite routine and safe in
         | the Gattaca universe.
        
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