[HN Gopher] Balloon Wars (2010)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Balloon Wars (2010)
        
       Author : perihelions
       Score  : 50 points
       Date   : 2023-02-05 15:41 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (steveblank.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (steveblank.com)
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | I was looking at the moon yesterday evening, and briefly thought
       | that it was another spy balloon ...
        
       | snozolli wrote:
       | _SKYHOOK balloons, funded by the Office of Naval Research, were
       | designed to stay at a fixed altitude (~100,000 feet) and carry a
       | payload of thousands of pounds._
       | 
       | It blows my mind that thousands of pounds could be held aloft at
       | that altitude.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | Interesting twist of history: the photographic film from one of
       | these balloons' cameras ended up on a Soviet space probe, and
       | exposed humanity's first picture of the far side of the moon.
       | 
       | - _" The film, temperature-resistant and radiation-hardened, came
       | from American Genetrix balloons which had been recovered by the
       | Soviets.[15]"_
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_3#Lunar_photography
       | 
       | According to one of the Soviet space program engineers (writing
       | publicly in 1993), this was an unauthorized, renegade act, done
       | without knowledge of the Soviet government,
       | 
       | - _" Why was the thought "crazy"? Yes, because in space, as in
       | the "defense", at that time nothing foreign was allowed.
       | Literally everything - materials, instruments, technologies - had
       | to be only domestic. It was part of the flesh and blood, in the
       | minds of the developers, becoming their ideology. If I had only
       | hinted to someone about the possibility of using an American
       | film, I would be mistaken for a foolish joker or even for a
       | person who was not completely normal. Only two people knew about
       | this venture - me and Volodya Kondratyev, who was engaged in the
       | chemical processes of the Yenisei. We cut an American
       | 180-millimeter film to 35 millimeters, then punched it. We wrote
       | "technical conditions of the film type AB-1", which after having
       | been shown to the military representatives was filed in the
       | appropriate folder with the stamp "top secret". Of course, we
       | both stayed silent. What would become of us if this story was
       | revealed, I can not say. In any case, not only in cosmonautics,
       | but in general, I think we would not have worked for a long time
       | ... " "_
       | 
       | http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/trackind/luna3/SpyBalloon.htm ( _"
       | Article from the newspaper "St. Petersburg Vedomosti" of April
       | 10, 1993. by Igor Borisovich Lisochkin."_)
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | My favorite irony about the space race was the difference
         | between how the two programs operated.
         | 
         | The US had a huge, centrally-planned program managed by the
         | government.
         | 
         | While the Russian program was chronically underfunded and had
         | limited politburo support. They had to produced products to
         | barter for other things they needed. And they had a capricious
         | "customer" with bizarre requirements (as with the local content
         | one above) and who only cared about one thing. Basically
         | perpetually a startup.
         | 
         | In essence each country's program was organized the way you
         | would have expected the _other_ country's program to have been
         | run.
        
           | consumer451 wrote:
           | > The US had a huge, centrally-planned program managed by the
           | government.
           | 
           | As recently pointed out to me by a comment here on HN, that's
           | also how the USA conducted defense manufacturing during WWII.
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | _> In the 1950's the U.S. Military and the CIA enlisted balloons
       | (some as tall as a 40-story building) as weapons systems
       | targeting the Soviet Union._
       | 
       | If caught, the US government might have said that those balloons
       | were actually scientific civilian devices that had accidentally
       | veered off-course "due to force majeure" and that it was just an
       | unhappy coincidence that they had floated mainly over sensitive
       | Soviet military installations.
       | 
       | What else could they have said to save face?
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | > If caught, the US government might have said that those
         | balloons were actually scientific civilian devices that had
         | accidentally veered off-course "due to force majeure" and that
         | it was just an unhappy coincidence that they had floated mainly
         | over sensitive Soviet military installations.
         | 
         | Wouldn't that be very easy to disprove if you took down the
         | balloon some way and inspect the contents? They'll surely be
         | differently built if were indeed civilian vs military.
         | 
         | Also, not sure how saying "we don't know how
         | weather/aeronautics works" is saving much face. We (humans)
         | been doing ballooning since something like the 1800s if not
         | earlier, modern balloons surely would have equipment on it to
         | understand where they are going, and if going in the wrong way,
         | automatically sink to the ground to be "rescued" before
         | drifting too far away.
         | 
         | Edit: seems parent was referencing a real-life event that I was
         | unaware of, I thought we were discussing a hypothetical
         | scenario. Ignore me.
        
           | cs702 wrote:
           | It was a reference to this:
           | 
           | https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-foreign-
           | ministry-a...
        
           | techdragon wrote:
           | The problem is in taking down the balloon. It's notionally
           | operating in such a way that it's ambiguous as to its intent.
           | If it quacks like a high altitude science balloon, it could
           | either be a high altitude scientific balloon or a military
           | surveillance platform designed to imitate a high altitude
           | surveillance balloon...
           | 
           | The US defence establishment and executive branch are likely
           | currently evaluating in deep detail every facet of this, and
           | the entire history of this going back to Cold War era stuff
           | like the program of balloons that lead to the whole Roswell
           | incident... military balloons looking like science balloons
           | is firmly in the "we did it before! How much of a leg to
           | stand on do we have?"
           | 
           | I expect they will tolerate it, and amplify a few teams by a
           | person or two, in order to know ahead of time where these
           | will be and to treat them as they do existing satellites that
           | spy from higher up. They avoid many sensitive operations when
           | surveillance is overhead as part of routine operational
           | security best practices... to the point where they
           | occasionally "make mistakes" in effort to sow false flags.
           | 
           | TLDR... it's just a new surveillance platform and there's
           | existing precedent for how to deal with this kind of threat,
           | by the military... the politicians will just do the usual
           | shit show attention seeking nonsense they always do.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | actionfromafar wrote:
         | Look here[0] for what they _did_ say during a similar incident.
         | 
         | 0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960_U-2_incident
        
           | theptip wrote:
           | So, claiming it was for meteorological research:
           | 
           | > Initially, American authorities acknowledged the incident
           | as the loss of a civilian weather research aircraft operated
           | by NASA, but were forced to admit the mission's true purpose
           | a few days later after the Soviet government produced the
           | captured pilot and parts of the U-2's surveillance equipment,
           | including photographs of Soviet military bases.
        
       | sandworm101 wrote:
       | Weapons systems ... no. Reconnaissance/surveillance systems, but
       | not weapons.
       | 
       | That "weapon system" was used on US paperwork, most likely for
       | purposes of internal security, does not turn a balloon into an
       | actual weapon deployed over an adversary's airspace. Definitions
       | matter when it comes to acts of war.
       | 
       | The word "tank" comes from a similar cover story.
        
       | 082349872349872 wrote:
       | I always kind of wondered if
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loon_LLC might've been dual use.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | A tiny bit of discussion at the time (of the article):
       | 
       |  _Steve Blank: Balloon Wars_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1083895 - Jan 2010 (2
       | comments)
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-02-05 23:01 UTC)