[HN Gopher] A Solar Kiln to dry wood. Overview, design and build...
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       A Solar Kiln to dry wood. Overview, design and build (2019)
        
       Author : animal_spirits
       Score  : 69 points
       Date   : 2023-02-04 17:26 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.adrianpreda.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.adrianpreda.com)
        
       | pard68 wrote:
       | I've been contemplating a solar kiln to dry my split logs we use
       | to heat the house. Our stove is extremely efficient and burns
       | cleaner than many traditional furnaces. But this all comes at the
       | trade off of requiring very seasoned -- dry -- wood. My zero tech
       | solution requires chopping wood for two years in advanced. Not a
       | big deal, having two years of fuel on hand is a very nice
       | feeling. But it does mean moving wood around a lot. I'd be nice
       | to just kiln dry my wood and then know that all the logs I have
       | are stove ready.
        
         | mahogany wrote:
         | FYI - if you don't have a lot of time, you can get away with a
         | much simpler solar kiln than the one in this article, which is
         | still a huge improvement over the natural seasoning process. I
         | highly recommend it with a newer-style wood stove that prefers
         | very dry wood.
         | 
         | We built one last year that was essentially only the frame of
         | this design (but less sturdy), and wrapped it with clear
         | plastic sheeting. Super scrappy, built from 2x3s on top of a
         | pallet. No plywood sheathing (although we did put bubble wrap
         | around the walls), not even painted black. I eventually put an
         | old computer fan at the top of it to blow outward, but
         | originally it didn't even have airflow. It took oak splits with
         | ~30% moisture content down to <20% in a matter of weeks. That
         | wood burns hot!
        
         | voisin wrote:
         | A neighbour nearby has pallets on the ground ringed with wire
         | fencing. After he splits the wood, he throws it haphazardly
         | into the cage and then tarps the top. It sits like that for a
         | full year before he stacks it in the queue for winter burning.
         | 
         | Not sure how that compares to your process, but it seems about
         | as efficient as possible in terms of moving wood around and I
         | think it would be a lot less work than a solar kiln.
        
           | pard68 wrote:
           | I use pallets too. They're great, I put the kids to work and
           | they stack it as I split. Then I shuffle the pallets around.
           | They all sit in a shed, but I have to rearrange that them in
           | the shed since the driest is at the back. My thought is if I
           | could make a kiln that'd hold two or three pallets of wood (a
           | year's worth) than every pallet that goes into the shed would
           | be stove-ready and I wouldn't need to shuffle them around.
        
             | CrazyStat wrote:
             | How hard would it be to put a door in the other side of the
             | shed so you can take wood directly out of the "back"
             | without shuffling?
             | 
             | One year you fill one half and take wood out the other
             | half, the next year you switch.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | People build sheds with removable walls for that and
               | better airflow.
        
         | intrepidhero wrote:
         | I like to say wood stoves heat you 3 times. Once when you spilt
         | the wood, once when you stack it and once when you burn it.
        
         | baq wrote:
         | Get wood in early spring at most, felled in winter, if you get
         | it chopped while it's still cold it'll be sub 20% moisture by
         | fall by just sitting in the sun and wind. The trick is that it
         | starts relatively dry.
        
           | debacle wrote:
           | What this guy said. You drop a tree before the sap starts
           | running it'll be mostly dry.
        
         | jonstewart wrote:
         | The previous owner of my house (in rural Wisconsin) built some
         | simple-but-effective wood sheds. They're old corn crib roofs,
         | held up on 4x4 posts. Since they're not walled in you can
         | access wood from any side (no need to move stacks), there's
         | plenty of airflow, and the roofs keep out the rain and snow. I
         | may put up some chicken wire fencing between some of the posts
         | to keep dry leaves from blowing in.
         | 
         | Of course, their appearance is... rustic.
        
       | jdhn wrote:
       | How well would this work in a hot, humid environment? He mentions
       | that having a vent at the bottom is essential for getting cooler
       | air in which makes sense, but I live in a place where it's also
       | very humid.
        
         | mattficke wrote:
         | Humidity affects the final equilibrium moisture content [0] of
         | wood, but even at 100% relative humidity it'll eventually
         | stabilize at around 25-30% MC (green wood is usually >60% MC,
         | for reference). Humidity averages around 65% in the areas of
         | the US where most of the timber trees grow, at that humidity
         | EMC will be around 12-15%.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_moisture_content
        
       | refuse wrote:
       | This reminds me of a firewood seasoning method I saw in (IIRC)
       | Dudley Cook's "The Ax Book", except you pile up your split
       | firewood in concentric circles around a stove pipe with holes
       | drilled all around and along it's length. When the wood is
       | stacked to about breast height, you cover it with
       | shingles/plywood/plastic and put a vent that's been painted black
       | on top of the stove pipe. You end up with air constantly
       | circulating past the wood and significantly reducing seasoning
       | time.
       | 
       | (note, if you try this, make sure to put it on top of some
       | branches so your firewood isn't contacting the ground)
        
         | blamazon wrote:
         | In Germany a similar but more traditional thing (bark-y wood
         | pieces usually used for the roof, no stove pipe, instead a
         | loosely/chaotically packed core for airflow) is called a Holz
         | Hausen: [1]
         | 
         | https://www.logsplittersdirect.com/stories/1202-How-to-Age-Y...
         | 
         | [1]: (Literally: 'Round House')
        
           | sgoschi wrote:
           | I think 'Holz Hausen' might be an American word [1], as I've
           | never heard it before. It'd also roughly translate to 'wooden
           | house'.
           | 
           | Over here we call it 'Holzmiete' [2], which translates to
           | 'wood pay/wages'.
           | 
           | Fun fact: haystacks follow the same principle! [3]
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewood#Storing [2]
           | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holzmiete [3]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hay#Stacks
        
           | gerikson wrote:
           | Link is not available.
           | 
           | Doesn't Holz Hausen translate as "House for wood"?
        
             | blamazon wrote:
             | Seems likely! I don't know German at all. I just saw that
             | when I websearched it, I actually saw these in Austria
             | years ago.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | blamazon wrote:
       | I saw the finished solar kiln photo and thought "holy crap, they
       | did an amazing job, that looks so much better than if I did it!"
       | then I navigated around the site and realized they are a very
       | skilled woodworker. They have a nice YouTube channel:
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/@AdrianPreda
        
       | dv_dt wrote:
       | The comment on the cyclic nature of the solar kiln being better
       | vs cracking than industrial process of just heating until done
       | was interesting.
        
         | oezi wrote:
         | I didn't get why he would only pull in fresh air once per day.
         | Once the humidity gets too high even the high temperatures will
         | lead to less and less evaporation, right?
         | 
         | I would have expected that it would be best to bring in a light
         | constant flow of dry air while maintaining a certain
         | temperature.
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | That last bit is the devil in the details, you won't get
           | anywhere near the temperatures shown in the followup post if
           | you keep even a little bit of airflow going.
        
       | justsomehnguy wrote:
       | Be sure to check out the second part, with _data_ :
       | https://www.adrianpreda.com/blog/solar-kiln-run
       | 
       | Also it make me wonder if a Peltier unit could provide enough
       | power for the fan here.
       | 
       | Of course you can slap a solar panel there (even those camping
       | ones should work, I think) but IMO it's a bit cbeating.
        
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       (page generated 2023-02-04 23:00 UTC)