[HN Gopher] "Pigeon Neck" Illusion (2014)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       "Pigeon Neck" Illusion (2014)
        
       Author : mnem
       Score  : 312 points
       Date   : 2023-01-28 00:28 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (michaelbach.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (michaelbach.de)
        
       | aliqot wrote:
       | I get what I'm supoosed to see but i dont see it, its pixels
       | gliding continuously.
        
       | tolmasky wrote:
       | Hey, this is built with Cappuccino!
        
       | newaccount74 wrote:
       | Here's my attempt at explaining this phenomenon:
       | 
       | Our Retinas don't send raw data to our brain like a camera sensor
       | would. Instead, the neurons in the retina already do some pre-
       | processing, like boundary detection, or movement detection. The
       | brain then receives signals where movement was detected.
       | 
       | This movement detection is basically just detecting changes in
       | light level, so it works better when the contrast is high (dark
       | gray vs. white) and works less good when contrast is low (dark
       | grey vs black).
       | 
       | So our brain gets stronger "movement" signals when there is high
       | contrast, and it looks like the part that has high contrast is
       | moving faster. Since the image is designed in a way that the
       | boundary of head/body always have low/high contrast or vice
       | versa, it seems they are moving with different speeds.
        
       | albert_e wrote:
       | The illusion was very strong on my mobile screen and non-existent
       | on my desktop screen. The screen calibration was different in the
       | latter I believe so the pigeons were appearing as a slightly
       | different colored grey blocks visually distinct from the vertical
       | bars.
        
         | jrumbut wrote:
         | Funny, I still get the illusion after turning the pigeons every
         | color from dark grey to bright yellow.
         | 
         | Brighter colors make it a bit less strong but still very much
         | there.
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | On my laptop, I am only able to see the illusion if I looked
           | at the striped background and blur my vision a little. Then
           | it is quite impressive and strong. Otherwise, it always
           | appears perfectly smooth for all colors.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | This seems to be, for lack of a better analogy, an effect of
       | rounding colour intensities in the "motion compensation"
       | processing of the brain. The grey and black become perceived as
       | identical and thus no motion is detected in those areas where the
       | two colours are overlapping.
        
       | illegalmemory wrote:
       | It would have been interesting to control the width of the
       | vertical stripes too , to see at what point it "starts" being a
       | illusion. I assume for very thin stripes it might not work so
       | well .
        
       | sorokod wrote:
       | I wonder what is the maximal extent of the craining and the
       | shrinking illusion that can be achieved. Is it to do with the
       | velocity? The grid thiknes?
       | 
       | If the illusion is an error, what maximizes it?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | Jesus, this illusion is so powerful, you'd have to have a very
       | poorly optimized brain to really see anything else.
        
         | cornstalks wrote:
         | It took me several minutes before I could see the illusion. I
         | just saw grey rectangles and pigeons smoothly moving to the
         | right and had no idea what the "illusion" was supposed to be.
        
           | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
           | > It took me several minutes before I could see the illusion.
           | I just saw grey rectangles and pigeons smoothly moving to the
           | right and had no idea what the "illusion" was supposed to be.
           | 
           | Same here. After a bit I could see some worm stretching if I
           | focused on particular points in the image.
           | 
           | I noticed that as soon as I registered all of the movement,
           | my eyes fixed a certain way that they do when I'm driving and
           | navigating an overly complex traffic situation. I was super
           | reluctant to try to focus them any other way.
        
           | glasss wrote:
           | When I started messing with the color I ran into that. If I
           | shifted to a different grey, it just looked smooth to me. But
           | either extreme, black or white, and the illusion was there.
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | Now I wonder how much it depends on the gamma. I understand
           | there's some differences depending on the hardware, browser
           | and image format/metadata. By default we may all see a
           | different shade of grey, affecting how much of an illusion we
           | get.
           | 
           | Edit: checked Firefox and Chrome on Android and they look
           | exactly the same (work on me). Low brightness works better
           | than full brightness.
        
             | cornstalks wrote:
             | That's certainly a possible factor. I'm on an iPhone 14 Pro
             | with brightness at medium levels in an averagely lit room
             | using Safari. I just tried on my Mac's XDR display and it's
             | similar: I can either see or not see the illusion (now that
             | I know what the illusion looks like I can turn it on/off in
             | my head).
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | I can consciously toggle the illusion on or off.
        
         | eyelidlessness wrote:
         | I see it, but it doesn't feel optimal. What my brain is telling
         | me I see is different from what I know is true about what's on
         | the screen. It seems to be interpolating between nearly and
         | actually overlapping with each alternating stripe.
         | 
         | There are a lot of ways it's optimal to be able to approximate
         | and fill in details like this with normal visual processing,
         | but literally not being able to unsee falsehoods (and I can't
         | switch it off in my brain like another commenter said they
         | could) doesn't feel like one of those optimal scenarios to me.
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | A highly optimized brain doesn't bother wasting time on
           | getting fine details like this correct, it's too slow and
           | will lead you to getting killed in situations where a rough
           | approximation of what you are seeing is good enough. People
           | have to focus very hard to turn off the optimizations and see
           | what is really going on, some can't do it at all. Some people
           | seem to be able to see the smooth linear motion by default,
           | perhaps descendants of those who lived in simpler
           | environments.
        
             | cornstalks wrote:
             | Why do you think it takes more time and brain power to see
             | the rectangles and pigeons correctly (smooth movement)? It
             | was instantaneous and natural for me. I'm not convinced by
             | your logic. It doesn't seem like a disadvantage for a brain
             | to naturally register the image correctly rather than being
             | fooled by an illusion, especially when it takes zero
             | effort.
        
               | eyelidlessness wrote:
               | I agree with you.
               | 
               | (I think people like to call this "steel man" or whatever
               | but just generally applying a charitable
               | interpretation...) I think their take on optimization is
               | about falsehoods about reality that our brains assimilate
               | to make functioning or survival possible under certain
               | circumstances, like perceiving magenta as not-green or
               | being able to observe a field of grass without being
               | hyper aware of each blade of grass within it.
               | 
               | All of which is good insofar as it actually serves us,
               | but it's _really weird_ to me to frame it so absolutely.
               | It's not an optimization if it doesn't serve us and we're
               | just misperceiving reality for no purpose, and there's
               | nothing wrong with you or anyone else who doesn't. If
               | anything it's just... "wow, electrified meat evolved to
               | be conscious is really wacky and super subjective!"
        
         | mafuyu wrote:
         | Yeah, this effect is pretty strong. After staring at it a bit,
         | the only way I found to 'break' it was by noticing that if I
         | flicked my eyes towards a bird, there was a brief period before
         | the illusion kicked in. By constantly flicking my eyes between
         | each bird, I was able to perceive them as moving linearly.
        
         | ancientworldnow wrote:
         | They're just sliding smoothly for me unless I look at it
         | without any focus as a disinterested viewer. I work on fixing
         | moving pixels all day though so maybe I'm not an average
         | subject.
        
         | aoeusnth1 wrote:
         | Both me and my wife had to consciously blur our vision to see
         | the illusion.
        
         | kerpotgh wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | stefncb wrote:
         | If I look directly at a point, the illusion goes away there.
         | And I don't really see anything strong anyway, so I wonder how
         | you see it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bella_sm wrote:
       | DaVinci would have loved this!
        
       | clhodapp wrote:
       | Something I noticed and got a kick from: If you set the color to
       | black or white then the real motion and the illusion are
       | indistinguishable.
        
       | d4mi3n wrote:
       | I was in bed reading this with an eye closed and was very
       | confused until I discovered the illusion works for me only when I
       | watch it with both eyes open.
       | 
       | I found this surprising--I know three dimensional optical
       | illusions depend on focus and perspective, but I was unaware two
       | dimensional optical illusions were as well.
        
         | soxocx wrote:
         | Thats interesting. I see it with either or both eyes.
        
           | jareklupinski wrote:
           | I... only see it happening with either both eyes or my right
           | eye...
           | 
           | My left eye is immune? This is uncanny...
        
             | meitham wrote:
             | I'm the opposite! My right eye alone can't see it, but can
             | do with both or left only!
        
             | yazzku wrote:
             | Sounds like your perception can't exactly be _pigeonholed_.
             | 
             | Boom, baby.
        
               | 867-5309 wrote:
               | your taxi to the nearest _wormhole_ awaits..
        
           | PyWoody wrote:
           | Try closing one eye and tilting your head 90deg
        
             | kerpotgh wrote:
             | I can see it irrespective of how many eyes are open or any
             | tilt angle.
        
               | yazzku wrote:
               | Can you see it with three eyes opened?
        
               | labster wrote:
               | I can't but I'll ask my yoga guru tomorrow.
        
               | javawizard wrote:
               | So you can see it with zero eyes open? ;)
               | 
               | I also see it with any number (>= 1) of eyes open and at
               | any angle. Wonder if GP's phone was on night shift or
               | something similar - the article mentions that color
               | changes impact the illusion's visibility.
        
               | d4mi3n wrote:
               | No night shift, for what it's worth. Another commenter
               | mentioned astigmatism, which I do have. I was not wearing
               | my glasses at the time.
               | 
               | Curious to see if anybody with expertise on the topic of
               | optics or visual perception chimes in with some insight.
        
               | kerpotgh wrote:
               | Interesting, I have astigmatism so I tried it without my
               | glasses and with both one and two eyes open at different
               | angles and I still see the illusion (with no change in
               | intensity of the "bobbing")
        
           | bmitc wrote:
           | The illusion is much less if I zoom in and even less if I
           | close one eye, so maybe they had their device up close to
           | their face?
        
             | soxocx wrote:
             | You are right. If I tilt the screen while changing distance
             | to the screen and keep blinking with my eyes while I do
             | this, I, besides looking like a maniac, can weaken the
             | effect and even make it disappear entirely.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Worked a bit better for me with one eye closed. Weird.
        
         | stouset wrote:
         | I let out a verbal "what the fuck" when I tried this. Same
         | exact thing as you, it's absolutely striking.
        
           | d4mi3n wrote:
           | I was confused as well. First impression: nothing. Get up and
           | look with both eyes and there it was. Interesting stuff.
        
             | kolinko wrote:
             | For me, if I focus intensely on the head, the neck stops
             | moving. When I relax, and the reference naturally changes
             | to the lines in the background, the neck begins moving
             | again.
        
         | aendruk wrote:
         | Astigmatism? My eyes blur at different angles so various
         | anisotropies show up only when one is closed.
        
           | d4mi3n wrote:
           | I do have an astigmatism in my right eye--which was also
           | closed. First time I've had this happen with an optical
           | illusion, though.
        
         | stefncb wrote:
         | For me it weakens with one eye closed, but I still see it.
        
         | Daub wrote:
         | As a one-eyes person, the illusion works fine for me. However,
         | it ceases to work in the periphery of my vision.
        
       | dawatchusay wrote:
       | I don't feel this is much of an illusion. I think you just can't
       | see the movement of gray on black. Or maybe this is what
       | illusions are in a very simple form?
        
         | TylerE wrote:
         | Pretty much. Change the color to yellow and it's very obvious.
        
           | yazzku wrote:
           | Yellow doesn't do it for me. But orange, oh boy.
        
         | kuhewa wrote:
         | With the pigeons it seemed illusory, but with just worms you
         | can tell that's exactly whats happening. Dunno if it is the
         | single-row shape or just less action on the screen allowing you
         | to focus on one cell
        
         | anamexis wrote:
         | How would you define what an optical/visual illusion is?
        
           | c3534l wrote:
           | When your brain fudges the results of what you're seeing
           | because of some hidden processing heuristic. If the bird were
           | actually just colored black, then what we would see would be
           | accurate. But its presented as if we should percieve
           | continuous movement when we really shouldn't.
        
           | dawatchusay wrote:
           | I'm just saying upon initial thought that it seemed too
           | simple to be considered an "illusion" because it doesn't rely
           | on some mental trickery, just blindness. But I'm willing to
           | accept that optical illusions may all rely on some form of
           | blindness. Glad to spawn the conversation!
        
         | thomassmith65 wrote:
         | Let's say you recreate this effect by painting the pigeons onto
         | a transparency sheet, and moving the sheet above a paper with a
         | striped background. The pigeon shapes would appear to bend,
         | when in fact they do not... so in physical form, it clearly
         | _is_ an illusion.
         | 
         | As a pixelated image, I dunno: our insistence on viewing groups
         | of pixels as shapes is an illusion to start with.
        
           | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
           | How is viewing an image on a screen an illusion?
           | 
           | There really is an image there when viewed at the intended
           | scale.
        
             | thomassmith65 wrote:
             | The image is a grid of pixels. When a group of the pixels
             | that the human viewer perceives as a worm appears to grow,
             | we cannot claim that the pixels in the overlap _actually_
             | belong to the background. It is equally valid to claim they
             | belong to the worm, in which case... the worm actually
             | _has_ lengthened.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | Yes, but the illusion occurs when the worm/pigeon and the
               | grid aren't actually the same color.
        
         | tomelders wrote:
         | I feel like this is doing what an animator would do, just
         | badly.
        
         | jameshart wrote:
         | Play with the color of the pigeons. Slide it all the way to
         | black, and it's no longer an illusion - the edges really do
         | move in steps. Slide it all the way to white and the same
         | effect appears in the inverse.
         | 
         | Somewhere in between, there are shades of gray where the smooth
         | movement of the pigeons is visible. And there are shades of
         | gray where your brain can't separate it from the underlying
         | black motion. That's interesting, no?
         | 
         | That's what makes all optical illusions interesting - exploring
         | the thresholds where our brain's perceptual machinery takes
         | shortcuts.
         | 
         | I've noticed there's a tendency, especially among _smart_
         | people, to be dismissive of optical illusions.  'I didn't fall
         | for it' - because to a certain personality, it's important to
         | feel like your mind can understand things and you can't be
         | 'fooled'.
         | 
         | But good optical illusions aren't _fooling_ you. You don 't
         | need to feel defensive about whether you were 'tricked'.
         | They're hacks that exploit edge cases in your visual cortex,
         | and cause your brain to be fed erroneous data. They're
         | interesting and useful because they help you calibrate the
         | instruments your brain uses to collect data!
        
           | the_af wrote:
           | > _Slide it all the way to black_
           | 
           | For the record: the illusion still works for me if I slide
           | the color all the way to black. One eye, both eyes, it always
           | works for me.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | Not really - he's saying when it's fully black there _is_
             | no illusion. The chicken is really moving like that.
        
               | mannykannot wrote:
               | On the other hand, with black-on-black, the idea that
               | there is something representing a moving pigeon is a sort
               | of illusion in itself, as you infer a boundary that you
               | never see in full.
               | 
               | On the third hand, movement is an illusion in all cases:
               | what's really happening is that static pixels are
               | changing color and brightness (the pixels may jitter
               | slightly in changing color, but that's not the motion we
               | perceive.)
               | 
               | All these views seem to me to be reasonable, they are
               | just different perspectives.
        
             | maegul wrote:
             | For me, just with the color slider, there was nearly always
             | some sort of illusory motion. Transparent perception of the
             | actual motion of the pigeons was either impossible or
             | required precise conditions, which really affirms the power
             | of this effect.
        
         | justinpombrio wrote:
         | I'm confused what you think an illusion is?
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | There is room for disagreement in some cases. "Look how the
           | black text becomes invisible when it goes in front of a black
           | background" is not what I would call an optical illusion, for
           | instance.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | The color stepping feet version[1] I think definitely
             | qualifies. The color contrast is high enough that if you
             | focus on the leading or trailing edge of the "feet" it's
             | trivial to see its moving the whole time, but if you look
             | at the entire thing as a whole, the "stepping" effect
             | appears.
             | 
             | 1: https://michaelbach.de/ot/mot-feetLin/index.html
        
             | justinpombrio wrote:
             | I would describe an illusion as something where my (say)
             | visual cortex is lying to me. This results in an image
             | looking very odd: I _know_ that one thing is happening, but
             | it looks like something else is happening.
             | 
             | Black text going in front of a black background doesn't
             | have that effect. My knowledge of what I'm seeing agrees
             | with what I see. My knowledge is "there is black text in
             | front of that black text", and my visual cortex says "sure,
             | I can't see it but that's perfectly plausible". This pigeon
             | video _does_ have that effect. My knowledge says that the
             | pigeon image is moving smoothly, but I can clearly see its
             | head bobbing; there 's a disagreement.
             | 
             | Do other people define "illusion" differently? Or perceive
             | something differently?
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | It's th e same illusion as someone walking out a door and
               | somehow teleporting to another door after they walked
               | around outside.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | Something that relies on unexpected or weird characteristics
           | of the human visual system.
           | 
           | This just relies on poor contrast.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-01-28 23:01 UTC)