[HN Gopher] Last Sane Man on Wall Street
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       Last Sane Man on Wall Street
        
       Author : kamaal
       Score  : 80 points
       Date   : 2023-01-27 09:34 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nymag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nymag.com)
        
       | vishnugupta wrote:
       | Ah such a shame the article just missed one of the most explosive
       | reports [1] by Hindenburg Research. It's shaken up the richest
       | man in India and the BJP government as a consequence. The story
       | even made it to HN's front page.
       | 
       | [1] https://hindenburgresearch.com/?p=2376
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | Adani lost like $20 billion USD in one day due to that. That's
         | insane.
         | 
         | Having read Bloomberg articles about Hindenburg's position, I
         | completely get why he's short - Adani is engaging in fraud.
        
         | curiousgal wrote:
         | I am going to play the "Devil"'s advocate here, let's suppose
         | that the report is true and that the company has committed all
         | sorts of fraud. What would happen to the mass of people it
         | employs it it were to go under? I just don't believe that
         | entire families should suffer because the CEO has been lying to
         | investors.
        
           | shapefrog wrote:
           | If my criminal fraudulent enterprise collapsing means no more
           | private school for timmy and jane my children, I should be
           | permitted to perpetuate my fraud on others?
        
           | skybrian wrote:
           | If the underlying businesses are valuable then after
           | bankruptcy, the stockholders lose, but the businesses should
           | continue to operate under new owners. This happens all the
           | time. (Hertz is one example.)
           | 
           | It doesn't happen when the whole business was a confidence
           | game, like FTX.
        
         | spaceman_2020 wrote:
         | The reaction of both the Adani group and BJP's supporters to
         | this report has been absurd. Adani trotting out the national
         | flag in the background to respond to the complaints, and BJP
         | supporters equating it with an "attack on India". A poor,
         | immature look. Not something mature markets do.
        
           | mavelikara wrote:
           | "Patriotism is the last refuge of the scoundrel." - Samuel
           | Johnson
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | Yeah, it missed it because the article is from a year ago.
        
           | vishnugupta wrote:
           | aargh! My internal calendar's year is still in 2022 :-|
        
       | ckardat123 wrote:
       | If anyone is interested, here's a chart of Nikola insider stock
       | trades graphed alongside the price of $NKLA:
       | https://www.quiverquant.com/insiders/NKLA
       | 
       | Here's a chart of Riot insider stock trades graphed alongside the
       | price of $RIOT: https://www.quiverquant.com/insiders/RIOT
        
         | lend000 wrote:
         | Nice demonstration of how insiders don't know shit about longer
         | term price movements of their own stock, especially when driven
         | by the macro environment. The only way insiders could
         | theoretically make money using an unfair edge is trading
         | intraday earnings releases with leverage (which only a few
         | people are in a position to know about, and which the SEC is
         | very good at detecting nowadays).
        
           | shapefrog wrote:
           | > Nice demonstration of how insiders don't know shit about
           | longer term price movements of their own stock
           | 
           | if insiders done know shit about their own stock - what
           | chance does twitter investing newsletter writter have
           | 
           | > especially when driven by the macro environment
           | 
           | The headwind / tailwind of the macro environment is really
           | the biggest factor - this should be the #1 lesson for anyone
           | investing anything.
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | Insiders will buy a little stock to make a much larger
           | position go up in value (paper wealth) due to positive press
           | and as a gesture of confidence. And then sell the inflated
           | stock or borrow against it later. Or hedge it
        
             | chollida1 wrote:
             | How are you assuming insiders hedge their stock?
        
       | polio wrote:
       | I love short sellers. They serve a vital moral purpose in
       | financial markets, as the article describes. Here's hoping the
       | new rate regime will serve them better.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | wakahiu wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/2022.01.24-140647/https://nymag.com/intel...
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | _Then, on June 9, 2020, Anderson came across a tweet from Milton.
       | His truck company, Nikola, had gone public on NASDAQ five days
       | before: "I've wanted to say this my whole adult life; $NKLA is
       | now worth more than Ford and [Fiat Chrysler]. Nipping on the
       | heels of GM ..."_
       | 
       | Given that Ford and GM trade at very low multiple and have not
       | done much in a long time, even decades, this is not that
       | undoable.
       | 
       | I think the survivorship bias with shorting is huge. So many
       | people and firms try and fail. The risks seem to be glossed over
       | by the article. Seeing a few big winners like Nikola one may be
       | under mistaken impression this is a good strategy.
       | 
       | Having a big win is seldom enough to beat the market. If you
       | allocate 5% of your capital for a short and it goes bankrupt, you
       | only increased your total capital by 5%. Making the historical
       | 10% average (including dividends) with an index fund is less
       | risky and more consistent, probably.
        
         | bbor wrote:
         | I hope it's not too rude for HN to say that you're missing the
         | whole point of the article.
         | 
         | 1. Presumably that discussion took place pre-FTX.
         | 
         | 2. I don't think he said "1000% in a day", just in general.
         | 
         | 3. The article goes into repeated, extensive detail about how
         | short selling is financially dubious and extremely risky.
         | 
         | 4. It goes into his childhood because it's a profile piece.
         | 
         | I mean this with no offense, only because I've been there many
         | times: did you feel personally attacked by this guys takes on
         | crypto/stocks/our world at large?
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | Good points, agree. Short selling needs to be weighed with
           | risks vs. reward. Unlimited downside is a major risk. Would
           | not recommend it.
        
         | 2020aj wrote:
         | The full article indeed discusses these shortcomings and does
         | not make it appear that short selling is more effective. It
         | portrays it almost as a form of activism
        
       | berkle4455 wrote:
       | I'm confused how/why activist short-selling is legal but pump-
       | and-dump scams are illegal. Isn't it basically the same? Short
       | sellers often get it wrong or blatantly distribute FUD.
       | 
       | Hindenburg has proven to be well-researched and legit though.
        
         | ProjectArcturis wrote:
         | If you libel a company, that's illegal. If you publish
         | unflattering but true things, that's perfectly fine.
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | Shorting and pump-and-dumps are not one and the same, that's
         | why one's illegal and the other isn't.
         | 
         | Doing a bunch of research, publishing it and saying "I'm
         | shorting this stock because of the research I've done, here are
         | the market conditions that would perpetuate the drop I
         | anticipate it will" is completely legal and helps keep markets
         | from believing their own hype too much.
         | 
         | Pump and dumps are sort of the opposite of that. there's
         | usually very little legitimate research and it's stuff that
         | serious investors don't touch.
        
         | kgwgk wrote:
         | Short-selling is not "basically" market manipulation - but it
         | can be:
         | 
         | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3198384A
        
         | pkkm wrote:
         | > Short sellers often (...) blatantly distribute FUD.
         | 
         | I'm going to call a [citation needed] on that. It's already
         | very illegal to spread false information in order to profit
         | from short-selling. In fact, I'd say that shorts are overly
         | scrutinized in comparison to longs. Both are important for
         | price discovery and both have the potential to cause a
         | misallocation of capital if they spread false information in
         | favor of their position, yet people seem to have a positivity
         | bias that makes them more willing to forgive someone who spoke
         | positively of an overhyped stock than someone who spoke
         | negatively of a good stock.
         | 
         | Given short-sellers' importance in exposing "creative
         | accounting" and excessive hype, I worry that the current
         | popular sentiment against them will discourage further shorting
         | even more than the financial incentives already do (a long has
         | an unbounded upside with the downside capped at 100%, while a
         | short has an unbounded downside with the upside capped at
         | 100%).
        
           | cokecramer wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | ryan93 wrote:
         | You are not confused you just do not like it. Hindenburg is
         | well within their first amendment rights. And they are putting
         | their money where their mouth is!
        
         | spaceman_2020 wrote:
         | There's a strong argument to be made that short selling helps
         | in price discovery.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | tristor wrote:
       | Fascinating article, and it sounds like this guy isn't just
       | making money doing this but is actively working to expose bad
       | actors in the marketplace. I applaud his work, and I hope to see
       | more of this in the future. There's a lot of just crazy
       | fraudulent stuff happening in the market over the last decade,
       | and I'm hoping with the music slowing down, that we'll see a lot
       | of the frauds fall over.
        
         | gsatic wrote:
         | And that leads to - why not let the govt make money exposing
         | bad actors? Why should the tax payer fund the cops?
        
           | drewcoo wrote:
           | Because the government has a monopoly on violence.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoly_on_violence
        
             | jjtheblunt wrote:
             | I've thought about this, and wonder if the often discussed
             | "right to bear arms" is intended to prevent the government
             | from having such a monopoly, by which i mean is that what
             | people are discussing and disagreeing over, wrt the 2nd
             | amendment?
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Worth considering that the original idea was the US would
               | have practically no standing army (a navy, maybe, but not
               | so much an army). The freedom-protecting bits didn't
               | _necessarily_ mean (only) from our own government, and
               | there 's a reason the word "militia" occurs--the idea was
               | that much of our military might, were we attacked, would
               | come from citizen militias.
               | 
               | Further, the right to bear arms means nothing as far as
               | the legality of use of force. The so-called monopoly
               | (which basically always has exceptions, anyway--it's a
               | tool for understanding the role of government, not a law
               | of nature) is on the _legal_ use of force--it 's not as
               | if folks don't illegally use force all the time, so
               | clearly there's no monopoly on the ability to use force,
               | but on the ability to use force legally.
        
           | bko wrote:
           | That's the idea behind asset forfeiture. In theory, cops pull
           | over bad guy, confiscate his car, use proceeds to fund their
           | department and catch more bad guys all while saving tax payer
           | money. In reality it leads to a lot of corruption and abuse.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset_forfeiture
        
           | filoleg wrote:
           | > why not let the govt make money exposing bad actors?Why
           | should the tax payer fund the cops?
           | 
           | Do you mind elaborating? Just trying to figure out what you
           | meant there.
           | 
           | Are you talking literally about police funding and how it
           | could have been better used for funding SEC? Or are you
           | talking about it in a more metaphorical sense, and
           | questioning why random tax payers are doing the job of
           | catching instances of malicious insider trading instead of
           | SEC doing that?
           | 
           | If it is the latter, then there is one solid incentive -
           | whistleblowers get a reward between 10-30% of the monetary
           | sanctions recovered on that case by SEC, as long as the case
           | was successful and led to over $1mil recovered[0].
           | 
           | 0. https://www.sec.gov/whistleblower/frequently-asked-
           | questions
        
           | luckylion wrote:
           | They're not making money "exposing bad actors", they're
           | making money by betting that exposing the bad actors will
           | move investors to sell and stay away from those bad actors
           | within some period of time. But that's not a given outcome,
           | and the government shouldn't speculate with taxes.
        
           | ajb wrote:
           | We've tried profit making cops, it leads to corruption:
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Wild
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-echochambers-29228851
        
       | mprime1 wrote:
       | If you find this interesting, check out 'King of Stonks' (on
       | Netflix). It's a fun critique of corporate greed and capitalism
       | gone wild. The story centers around an activist short seller who
       | could be inspired by the stories in this article.
       | 
       | (German series but the dubbing is good)
        
       | dilyevsky wrote:
       | Heh in 2020 short sellers were devil's incarnate and now they
       | publish puff pieces about them. As often happens there are two
       | sides to everything but I for one am looking forward to a more
       | healthy investing environment (yeah right like that's going to
       | happen).
        
         | paulgb wrote:
         | That seems to have been a momentary blip coinciding with when
         | retail investors momentarily forgot that stocks could go
         | anywhere but up.
         | 
         | The Big Short (2015) and The China Hustle (2017) both portrayed
         | short sellers as the heroes, for example.
        
       | joki777 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
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