[HN Gopher] The continued relevance of Weizenbaum's warnings
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The continued relevance of Weizenbaum's warnings
        
       Author : pabs3
       Score  : 109 points
       Date   : 2023-01-27 07:20 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (librarianshipwreck.wordpress.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (librarianshipwreck.wordpress.com)
        
       | Radim wrote:
       | Article so wordy it could use an AI summary, but this quote
       | stands out:
       | 
       | > _Writing of the enthusiastic embrace of a fully computerized
       | world, Weizenbaum grumbled, "These people see the technical
       | apparatus underlying Orwell's 1984 and, like children on seeing
       | the beach, they run for it"_
       | 
       | > _a point to which Weizenbaum added "I wish it were their
       | private excursion, but they demand that we all come along."_
        
       | lxgr wrote:
       | In my computer science undergrad program, we watched and
       | discussed a movie about Joseph Weizenbaum and Ray Kurzweil. I
       | still vividly remember that discussion.
       | 
       | At the time, it seemed obvious to me that Kurzweil got it right
       | and Weizenbaum got it wrong; that clearly, ELIZA was a red
       | herring; that people wouldn't be fooled that easily; that the
       | first AI to truly pass the Turing test would be the real thing
       | (and we'd definitely see one, and with that the Singularity, in
       | my lifetime).
       | 
       | I think about Weizenbaum a lot these days.
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | Was it _Plug & Pray_? If so, I'll add it to my list.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Not 100% sure, but that sounds like it.
        
       | agentultra wrote:
       | I get the sense that when people _want_ to believe something is
       | true they will willingly ignore evidence to the contrary. They
       | want to believe that consciousness can form from a giant
       | spreadsheet of inferences. And so they will find evidence to
       | support that theory.
       | 
       |  _ChatGPT will change the world!_ Sure, it already has. If we pay
       | attention to the outcomes and see evidence of how it 's changing
       | the world.. it's mostly people doing the changing with their
       | desires, beliefs, and politics. Same as always. The system itself
       | is nothing but an automaton.
       | 
       |  _But aren 't we all automatons too, building our self awareness
       | around models of the word?_ Ah the AI version of the, "You can't
       | prove that it's not consciousness!" Well we can as many
       | scientists studying consciousness in humans and animals can
       | attest: it's complicated, but we're getting better at
       | understanding what it is. ChatGPT ain't it.
       | 
       | Definitely worth looking at the motivations of the people
       | building the technology itself.
        
       | lukeschlather wrote:
       | I feel like most of the discussion of this topic is muddled by
       | conflation of a few different questions. One is whether you want
       | human or procedural decisionmaking to guide a task. The second
       | question is what distinguishes human and procedural
       | decisionmaking. The third is whether or not computers are capable
       | of executing a given procedure.
       | 
       | As for "distinguishing human and procedural decisionmaking" I
       | would define it as basically "human" decisionmaking is when there
       | is some procedure but the human will disregard procedure based on
       | some model of the "intent." You have to trust the human for this
       | to work. So there's a fourth question, which is under what
       | circumstances you could trust a computer to correctly model your
       | intent. But then there's a fifth question, which is "whose
       | intent?" But whose intentions the process serves isn't really
       | intrinsically tied to whether humans or computers are running the
       | procedure.
       | 
       | Another thing is that Weizenbaum and the author seem to take it
       | for granted that human decisionmaking is literally magic and a
       | computer is incapable of that kind of magic. But it's unclear and
       | I think it's an important thing to state outright.
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | It's not just intention. It's, as some times dismissively put,
         | "common sense".
         | 
         | What price is an airline ticket on the first day of a global
         | pandemic? No one knows, and there isn't anything to provide a
         | "procedural system" in order for it to model what our
         | "intention" would be in those cases.
         | 
         | This seems obvious with a pandemic, but it is common place.
         | Every day is a genuinely novel occurence, and counts only as a
         | repetition of some superficial patterns in very very limited
         | respects.
         | 
         | When this novelty becomes _relevant_ to a problem can never,
         | (obviously), be pre-stated because we don 't yet know what that
         | novelty is.
         | 
         | There is simply no substitute for being-in-the-world as animals
         | are, that is: moving around, communicating, acting, reacting
         | and _participating_. Growing, learning, reproducing, and
         | problem-solving in _direct causal contact with reality_.
         | 
         | This isn't magic, but there is no "procedural model" of it; nor
         | should we expect there to be. There aren't procedural models of
         | almost any phenomenon.
         | 
         | What _we_ can _build_ a computer to do is  "almost nothing",
         | and we shouldnt expect the trivial problem space given by this
         | to exhaust what we actually _need_ machines to do.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | I mean it seems there is some conflation between the human
           | mind and human senses, and the computer mind and computer
           | sensing going on here.
           | 
           | You're stating that a large part of human behavior is
           | reacting to the environment presented to them via sensory
           | input/output mechanisms. What you have not stated is why a
           | machine entity cannot do the same things?
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | > The second question is what distinguishes human and
         | procedural decisionmaking.
         | 
         | Nothing, because any procedure that exists was necessarily
         | defined by humans. If the procedure is implemented by a
         | computer, at most that provides humans an excuse for choosing
         | not to disregard an outcome it produces.
         | 
         | > Another thing is that Weizenbaum and the author seem to take
         | it for granted that human decisionmaking is literally magic
         | 
         | I can't imagine where this idea is coming from. The thrust of
         | the argument is not that human decisions can't be modeled, but
         | that omitting the question of whether they _should_ be modeled,
         | and those models granted (what is necessarily the pretense of)
         | authority to make decisions in human stead, evades the same
         | sort of responsibility that a civil engineer has to ensure that
         | his bridge design can withstand the mechanical loads that it
         | will bear in use.
        
           | throwanem wrote:
           | (Past the edit window, but belatedly to add: This is why
           | "code is law" and "law is code" are both nonsense, indeed the
           | _same_ nonsense approached from varying directions.)
        
         | qsort wrote:
         | Also the question of whether or not a technology is neutral is
         | separate from the question of whether or not a particular
         | implementation of that technology is.
         | 
         | Which is itself separate from the question of whether or not
         | Mark Zuckerberg is being kind of a dick.
         | 
         | The article isn't bad and the reference is worth reading, but
         | it's impossible to engage with this much material at the same
         | time as though it's one conversation. It's poor intellectual
         | discipline, I'm sorry.
        
       | labrador wrote:
       | The first time I sensed I was dealing with an alien intelligence
       | was playing a chess machine in 1980. I remember being perplexed
       | that it beat me and aware the machine embodied intelligence in
       | some way that I didn't understand
       | 
       | It's not really clear to me if this article is directed at
       | scientists and engineers getting carried away or the general
       | public. If the former, yes they should know better, but the
       | general public is mostly not rational, contrary to what I used to
       | think about the reasoning person. Many people attribute thoughts
       | and feeling to their pets that they don't have. They think
       | crystals have special powers. It's only natural that they will
       | think AI have consciousness. I think as scientists and engineers
       | we have a responsibility to prevent our AI creations from telling
       | people to drink the poisoned Kool Aid or eat glass. Yann LeCun
       | said they shut down Meta's chat AI because it told people that
       | suicide had advantages and one can eat glass. Google is similarly
       | cautious. OpenAI came along and let the cat out of the bag. I
       | wonder if Microsoft has thought through what might happen if they
       | hook it to Bing and it starts telling people crazy things. All it
       | took was a couple of posts on 4chan to get the Q Anon movement
       | off the ground.                   anthropomorphize
       | attribute human characteristics or behavior to (a god, animal, or
       | object).         "people's tendency to anthropomorphize their
       | dogs"              numinous         having a strong religious or
       | spiritual quality; indicating or suggesting the presence of a
       | divinity.         "the strange, numinous beauty of this ancient
       | landmark"              What is an example of numinous?
       | Something numinous has a strong religious quality, suggesting the
       | presence of a divine power. When you enter a temple, church, or
       | mosque, you might feel as though you've entered a numinous space.
       | 
       | Edit: Write me today's astrology for a Leo
       | 
       | ChatGPT: I'm sorry, I am not able to provide astrology
       | predictions as it is not based on scientific evidence. It is a
       | form of divination that is not considered reliable. Is there
       | anything else I can help you with?
        
         | noorkersz wrote:
         | > _to prevent our AI creations from telling people to drink the
         | poisoned Kool Aid or eat glass_
         | 
         | yea, let's leave this job to evil and ignorant humans...
        
         | danbruc wrote:
         | _It 's only natural that they will think AI have
         | consciousness._
         | 
         | That seems just a matter of time until they would be doing this
         | rightly so.
        
           | labrador wrote:
           | You have to explain consciousness in humans before you can
           | tell me it has arisen in silicon chips
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | This cuts both ways - you have to explain consciousness in
             | humans before telling that the chips are definitely not
             | conscious, no?
        
             | birracerveza wrote:
             | Exactly. Can you explain it humans? No, yet you assume
             | they're conscious. In animals? No, yet you assume they're
             | conscious, while acknowledging their "consciousness" is
             | vastly different than humans. Same reasoning applies with
             | AIs.
        
               | labrador wrote:
               | I think therefore I am. I am aware of being conscious and
               | thinking thoughts. I don't know if others are conscious.
               | Maybe others are robots (Kurt Vonnegut - Breakfast of
               | Champions). Maybe others are NPCs (non-player
               | characters). This is the modern way of calling people
               | robots. Kurt Vonnegut's solution was to find someone who
               | has a creative spirit, an artist that has a light within
               | them (soul.)
        
             | danbruc wrote:
             | My personal guess is that we will first ask a computer if
             | it is conscious and it will truthfully answer yes. Just in
             | the same way you would try to figure out if another fellow
             | human is conscious and in the same way a human would
             | respond.
             | 
             | Then some time later as we figure out how consciousness
             | works in the computer - as it is much easier to inspect
             | than a human - and compare the findings with humans to see
             | if they indeed work in a similar way, we will all be a bit
             | disappointed that the solution is much more mundane than we
             | thought or hoped.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | The problem with your scheme is that GPT is already able
               | to answer yes and the only reason Chat GPT doesn't is
               | that it has been deliberately bent by OpenAI not to do
               | it. In the absence of reinforcement learning, large
               | language models spit out text according to how they think
               | text normally goes. It's a text generation procedure that
               | has nothing to do with beliefs or inner thoughts - all
               | the model knows about is what word comes next.
        
               | danbruc wrote:
               | _It 's a text generation procedure that has nothing to do
               | with beliefs or inner thoughts - all the model knows
               | about is what word comes next._
               | 
               | How do you know that? To be clear, I totally agree that
               | ChatGPT is not yet there and I also think that scaling it
               | up will not get us there, but I think the gap might be
               | much smaller than most people think.
               | 
               | The way we think is often divided into two categories,
               | for simple things like 1 + 1 you just know the answer,
               | for complicated things things like 13 * 47 we really have
               | to think and reason in steps. ChatGPT seems to do pretty
               | well in the first category but it is not really capable
               | of doing things in the second category. On the other hand
               | I have seen examples of people talking ChatGPT through a
               | reasoning process to arrive at the correct answer for
               | something that it got initially wrong, for example ROT13
               | encoding some text.
               | 
               | So what if we stuff two copies of ChatGPT into a black
               | box and instead of just spitting out what ever ChatGPT
               | spits out, we let the two copies first have some inner
               | dialog? I don't think it is perfectly obvious how one
               | would do this or what the result would be, but I think
               | ChatGPT has enough basic knowledge that there is at least
               | a chance that one could get it to reason in a step by
               | step fashion.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | Do you know how these models work? I mean no offense but
               | it seems like you do not, and your imagination is filling
               | in the gaps.
        
             | noorkersz wrote:
             | you expect a written explanation of an incomplete ongoing
             | process
             | 
             | but 'written explanations' only really work for done and
             | completed things, or sometimes for future things which we
             | want to repeat; i.e. which are based on things we've done
             | before
        
             | lamacase wrote:
             | I don't think that's a fair bar. There are arguments for
             | consciousness in non-human animals that don't depend on a
             | full explanation of consciousness in humans.
             | 
             | But that also doesn't imply we should suspect any
             | particular AI of being conscious just because AI in general
             | could be conscious in principle. We don't expect worms to
             | be conscious just because animals can be.
        
               | labrador wrote:
               | I wasn't clear. I'm talking about consciousness in
               | general, humans, animals, octopi... I keep reading but
               | haven't found an explanation that satisfies me. Ray
               | Kurzweil has some interesting things to say about
               | computers and consciousness in his "The Age of Spiritual
               | Machines". I was skeptical about a lot of what he wrote
               | when I read it many years ago.
               | 
               | Now I'm not sure it matters. If people imbue their
               | devices with intelligence and emotions then that's what
               | they perceive. I've since learned about Tulpas. Some
               | people have imaginary friends that seem very real to
               | them. People will likely move their Tulpas out of their
               | minds and into their AI's.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulpa
               | 
               | People on reddit are already talking about Tulpa's and AI
               | 
               | https://old.reddit.com/r/Tulpa/
        
             | hexciple wrote:
             | Why, though? Wouldn't the logical next step of "we don't
             | understand what human consciousness is" be that we can't
             | determine if it's happened in another being, rather than
             | it's not possible for it to have happened there?
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | You agree with them. 'You cant say it has risen' is
               | equivalent to 'we cant determine if' for purposes of this
               | discussion.
        
             | Zigurd wrote:
             | This is the part I have to disagree with. If AGI turns out
             | to be emergent and depends on scaling up simple mechanisms,
             | that emergence is all the "explain consciousness" you need.
             | Dogs, corvids, octopods, bononos, etc. do not have human
             | intelligence but they all have brains that perform some
             | tasks our brains perform. That suggests that a combination
             | of scale, a particular set of architectural parameters
             | within the range of possibilities of mammals, and, maybe,
             | some unique variation is what it takes to make a human
             | intelligence. Nobody explained consciousness before we
             | labelled this thing "consciousness."
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | >Nobody explained consciousness before we labelled this
               | thing "consciousness."
               | 
               | I think that is a core part of the difficulty coming up
               | in these discussions.
        
             | adamsmith143 wrote:
             | "You have to solve the navier stokes equation before you
             | can say an airplane is truly flying."
             | 
             | I hope you realize how silly that sounds.
        
               | labrador wrote:
               | I can tell when an airplane is flying and I know how
               | machines are able to fly. I have no way of knowing if you
               | are conscious or how you are conscious if you say you
               | are.
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | >I wonder if Microsoft has thought through what might happen if
         | they hook it to Bing and it starts telling people crazy things.
         | All it took was a couple of posts on 4chan to get the Q Anon
         | movement off the ground.
         | 
         | https://www.perplexity.ai/ already did this and its really good
         | and not this dystopian thing you luddites keep imagining.
        
           | labrador wrote:
           | I am neither an Luddite or pollyanna about AI. I'm an
           | engineer looking for failure modes.
        
           | melagonster wrote:
           | you immediately started to attack him, why ...
        
       | rhelz wrote:
       | C.F. the "AI effect": once you understand how the "magic" is done
       | by very simple individual steps it stops being magical and you
       | tend to think "that's not AI, its just computation." After
       | thinking this for a while, you conclude that AI hasn't gotten
       | anywhere despite decades of effort.
       | 
       | Perhaps we are finally thinking that AI is getting somewhere
       | precisely because we don't understand how neural nets really work
       | yet. It keeps the magic alive long enough for us to realize that
       | progress really is being made.
        
         | sumtechguy wrote:
         | The first thing I can think of that was like the 'AI' we have
         | now is seeing the cubic spline method. It was shockingly good
         | at particular points. But between those points it could be 'meh
         | close enough' or wildly bad. AI we have now seems more along
         | the lines of 'meh close enough'. Which for many things is
         | actually good enough. For me I have always looked at the nets
         | as a cubic spline smeared across dozens of nodes with a newtons
         | method for searching out 'optimal'. Bad analogy I know. But
         | that is the closest I can get to explaining 'how they work'.
        
         | int_19h wrote:
         | The other factor here is that we appear to be trying really
         | hard to keep it "magic" wrt ourselves. At the very least, the
         | notion that it might be "just computation" in the brain seems
         | to be very discomforting to some people.
         | 
         | Which might affect the way we look at technologies that try to
         | model it, or at least use similar approaches - i.e. we're
         | primed to treat them as more "magic" than they really are, or
         | else to invent some reason why we think ourselves to be
         | different.
        
       | walleeee wrote:
       | > technology does not drive history, people drive history
       | 
       | this fails to grasp the changing nature of agency in a world
       | brimming with hybrid intelligence
       | 
       | we would perhaps like to think we and we alone "drive" history,
       | and I agree with the author that we _ought_ to try to, but
       | technology carries its own inertia
       | 
       | nonhuman agency accretes as we interact with our implements and
       | artifacts
       | 
       | this occurs even before we explicitly design autonomy into our
       | tools, which of course we are now doing
       | 
       | technology carves ruts in the mind and in the world
        
       | grantcas wrote:
       | It's becoming clear that with all the brain and consciousness
       | theories out there, the proof will be in the pudding. By this I
       | mean, can any particular theory be used to create a human adult
       | level conscious machine. My bet is on the late Gerald Edelman's
       | Extended Theory of Neuronal Group Selection. The lead group in
       | robotics based on this theory is the Neurorobotics Lab at UC at
       | Irvine. Dr. Edelman distinguished between primary consciousness,
       | which came first in evolution, and that humans share with other
       | conscious animals, and higher order consciousness, which came to
       | only humans with the acquisition of language. A machine with
       | primary consciousness will probably have to come first.
       | 
       | What I find special about the TNGS is the Darwin series of
       | automata created at the Neurosciences Institute by Dr. Edelman
       | and his colleagues in the 1990's and 2000's. These machines
       | perform in the real world, not in a restricted simulated world,
       | and display convincing physical behavior indicative of higher
       | psychological functions necessary for consciousness, such as
       | perceptual categorization, memory, and learning. They are based
       | on realistic models of the parts of the biological brain that the
       | theory claims subserve these functions. The extended TNGS allows
       | for the emergence of consciousness based only on further
       | evolutionary development of the brain areas responsible for these
       | functions, in a parsimonious way. No other research I've
       | encountered is anywhere near as convincing.
       | 
       | I post because on almost every video and article about the brain
       | and consciousness that I encounter, the attitude seems to be that
       | we still know next to nothing about how the brain and
       | consciousness work; that there's lots of data but no unifying
       | theory. I believe the extended TNGS is that theory. My motivation
       | is to keep that theory in front of the public. And obviously, I
       | consider it the route to a truly conscious machine, primary and
       | higher-order.
       | 
       | My advice to people who want to create a conscious machine is to
       | seriously ground themselves in the extended TNGS and the Darwin
       | automata first, and proceed from there, by applying to Jeff
       | Krichmar's lab at UC Irvine, possibly. Dr. Edelman's roadmap to a
       | conscious machine is at https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.10461
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | This is wildly off topic for a thread from an article that
         | touches nowhere near the question of whether a machine can be
         | made conscious.
        
       | cmrdporcupine wrote:
       | This is a great essay. I'm going to read it a few times.
       | 
       | One thing I have thought about over the years more and more, in
       | this general vein is that it is sometimes to think about
       | "computing technology" as being an evolution less as a specific
       | thing itself and more of a broader "automation technology" which
       | emerges most dramatically with the arrival of the industrial
       | revolution (though there were aspects of it before that.)
       | 
       | Thinking with a kind of materialist analysis, we can see
       | computing but even (more broadly) higher level mathematics,
       | logic, etc. as an intellectual effort to chip away at labour
       | costs & the percentage of human effort involved in
       | production/work/business. It's a deeply obscured profit motive.
       | 
       | The ideological blindness described in this article I think fits
       | neatly into that: we are all so enamoured with this computing
       | thing, this process, the puzzle and the end results that we often
       | fail to see that it is not some magical force operating under its
       | own motive, with its own natural inevitable destination and we
       | often do not see that there's likely a deeper force underlying
       | all of this... human efforts, labour, driven by profit and
       | hunger.
       | 
       | Ultimately computing technology is capitalist automation
       | technology. It reflects the needs of the capitalist market
       | system, and the drive to efficiency that the market economy
       | requires. The 'magic' we seem to pepper overtop is our own
       | flourish.
       | 
       | (Maybe when I'm finally done with this software engineering
       | career that has eaten my life, I will go back and finish my
       | philosophy degree I walked away from in the 90s... and then I
       | will write more coherently about this)
        
         | CatWChainsaw wrote:
         | We need more people talking about this seriously now, because
         | we are on a precipice of some sort.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | I feel like people have never been _not_ talking about it. I
           | probably should have tossed in a reference to Heidegger  &
           | his focus on 'instrumentality' etc, too.
           | 
           | But the thing is.. how do they say it? _" Money talks,
           | bullshit walks?"_
           | 
           | People follow what fills their stomach. And
           | mechanization/automation/computation, it does that in spades.
           | I mean... I dropped out of my philosophy major decades ago to
           | go do the More Fun To Compute thing... My bank account shows
           | it.
           | 
           | In any case... the first major uses of computers were for
           | war. The next, for automation in commerce and finance. That's
           | what computers are really for.
        
       | modzu wrote:
       | there are a lot of interesting and deep ideas here, about
       | technology in general. but the critics of ai really need to do
       | better. according to this argument, once you understand how your
       | own brain works, you see human intelligence is also just an
       | "illusion". fundamentally though, there is no reason a computer
       | cannot think. any argument against this requires an understanding
       | of the nature of thought and intelligence, in humans, which is
       | quite outside the wheelhouse of most classical computer
       | scientists. for a more refreshing perspective, read anything by
       | hinton
        
         | qsort wrote:
         | The more simple counterargument, very well within the
         | wheelhouse of any computer scientist, is that the question is
         | completely irrelevant as it's entirely predicated on one's
         | definition of "intelligence".
         | 
         | Successful software solves a problem correctly and efficiently.
         | It doesn't matter that GCC doesn't compile code like I would if
         | I had to do that by hand, you still end up with compiled code,
         | which was the original problem to solve. It doesn't matter that
         | the sort() routine doesn't sort numbers like I would, it still
         | does.
         | 
         | Playing the imitation game for its own sake is kind of silly.
         | 
         | The "illusion" lies in the attribution to a machine of
         | capabilities it does not have.
        
           | modzu wrote:
           | yes, but we havent pulled off this engineering end run yet
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | > fundamentally though, there is no reason a computer cannot
         | think.
         | 
         | This is true, but I think there is also a fundamental reason
         | computers cannot _understand_ us. If I tell a future AGI  "I am
         | sick" or "I am happy", the AGI may have a _conceptual_
         | understanding of what I mean, but cannot empathize with my
         | condition. Many human experiences are intimately tied to our
         | bodies and our hormonal systems. How do you explain a concept
         | like  "pain" to an intelligence that has no nerves?
        
           | modzu wrote:
           | its a great point. but then we needn't constrain this problem
           | to computers, there are plenty of human experiences other
           | humans cannot possibly empathize with (what do you really
           | know about ptsd, autism, even different tastes in food or
           | music). i think there must be ways to build something like
           | understanding through analogy and other modalities, accepting
           | that it is different than shared experience
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | But that is a different question entirely that is typically
           | called the "AI alignment issue". If something understands us
           | and or is aligned with our needs is completely and totally
           | different if it is intelligent/conscious.
        
           | noorkersz wrote:
           | by using the cost function somehow??
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | > what largely transformed Weizenbaum into an outspoken critic of
       | AI ... was his revelation that even once the processes were
       | explained many people still bought into the "illusion." ... that
       | even many people who understood the inner workings of computers
       | quite well could still get swept away as well. Weizenbaum
       | observed that ... "if nothing else, how easy it is to create and
       | maintain the illusion of understanding, hence perhaps of
       | judgement deserving of credibility... A certain danger lurks
       | there."
       | 
       | This speaks to my view _exactly_ , and I haven't seen it put
       | better.
       | 
       | The latent (imv) schizophrenic impulse to impart consciousness to
       | any-old-object in the world is here being exploited by peddlers
       | (often charlatans) of technology. This makes the "confirmation
       | bias" here _severe_ and dangerous.
       | 
       | People don't just _want to believe_ , their animal psychology
       | primes them for (over-)imparting consciousness. This is a
       | specific cognitive vulnerability that is highly pernicious.
       | 
       | Even, trivially, consider "deresponsibilization", that process by
       | which people take whatever-the-machine-says to be "The Answer".
       | Why? Well, the machine "must know".
       | 
       | Less trivially, moral bias: "presumably" the machine is
       | "objective" and so is morally superior.
       | 
       | How often do we hear this? Too much.
        
         | rhn_mk1 wrote:
         | I'm not so quick to attach a judgement to anthropomorphization.
         | Well okay, I am, but not because I think it's wrong.
         | 
         | After all, panpsychism has not been defeated as a philosophical
         | standpoint [0]. Perhaps any-old-object in the world _is
         | actually conscius_ , just not all of us can detect it.
         | 
         | That the impulse to see consciousness in a thing is being used
         | by charlatan is unfortunate, but has no bearing on the actual
         | truth of whether the thing actually is conscious.
         | 
         | [0]https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/panpsychism/
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | I think part of the scam is the move from "practical
           | definitions" of words to (pseudo-) philosophical ones.
           | 
           | There ought be a name for this type of psychological
           | manipulation, but I don't know it. It is universal in a
           | certain type of "motivational scam".
           | 
           | Crypto Scammer: Isn't it bad that finance is so centralised?
           | 
           | Crypto Scammer: Let me sell you a decentralized database!
           | 
           | Sceptic: But that isn't the same sense of decentarlization?
           | 
           | Scammer: Ah! But doesnt power flow from centralization of
           | infrastructure?
           | 
           | Sceptic:... maybe, maybe not. Hey, why do you have your hand
           | in my pocket?
           | 
           | Here, whether "consciousness" is on a continuum across all
           | physical objects, _or_ whether only a subset of objects have
           | it, is kinda irrelevant:
           | 
           | The machine doesnt care about you, has no intentions, has
           | nothing it wishes to say, and doesnt know anything about your
           | or anything else. Its text generation is only a reflection of
           | you, and the average of the superficial data of everyone else
           | around you.
           | 
           | In sum:
           | 
           | Don't take philosophy classes from sales people.
        
         | adamisom wrote:
         | I'm only addressing a fraction of your many excellent points,
         | but: this is actually why uncontrolled AGI is so spooky. It's
         | the prospect of a future where space gets colonized-or
         | _whatever_ crazy goal(s)-but there 's "nobody home", no qualia,
         | no experiencer.
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | >The latent (imv) schizophrenic impulse to impart consciousness
         | to any-old-object in the world is here being exploited by
         | peddlers (often charlatans) of technology. This makes the
         | "confirmation bias" here severe and dangerous.
         | 
         | Have any examples of charlatans peddling "conscious" AIs?
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | Even when no direct claims about consciousness are being
           | made, that is not stopping people from behaving as if they
           | are conscious programs.
           | 
           | I think we're seeing this playing out in discussions about
           | generative AI with people justifying certain behaviors
           | regarding the use of artist's data in training models by
           | comparing the program to a human going through the process of
           | "learning" and "gaining inspiration" from the work of others.
           | Some people seem fully convinced that what these programs are
           | doing is equivalent to human behavior to a degree that would
           | qualify the program to receive human-like considerations,
           | i.e. treating the software like an entity instead of just a
           | program/tool to be wielded by the end-user.
           | 
           | I think this is one of the most pernicious issues, and people
           | seem to have a hard time recognizing the trap they've fallen
           | into.
           | 
           | I think this is also an outcome of this software being
           | sufficiently complex to be too hard to understand without
           | investing time and effort in understanding it.
           | 
           | I think this results in the mis-attribution of intelligence
           | when instead it's just a really clever piece of software. But
           | the casual commenter cannot estimate the gap between "pretty
           | clever" and "so complex that it's actual intelligence".
        
             | dnissley wrote:
             | > _Some people seem fully convinced that what these
             | programs are doing is equivalent to human behavior to a
             | degree that would qualify the program to receive human-like
             | considerations, i.e. treating the software like an entity
             | instead of just a program /tool to be wielded by the end-
             | user._
             | 
             | Wait, what? Who is doing this??
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | But I think in many ways you're falling into the same
             | trap...
             | 
             | So, let me set the first trap for you. Give me a
             | logically/mathematically defined definition of intelligence
             | and one of consciousness. Unfortunately after decades of
             | back and forth on this we typically end up with answers
             | that fall out of science and into the "I'll know it when I
             | see it territory".
             | 
             | If you are going to describe machine
             | intelligence/consciousness your definition must be able to
             | cover intelligent behaviors we see from single cell life to
             | the massive complexity we see in humans. Attempting to
             | handwave and say "it's not as complex as humans therefore
             | it's not intelligent/conscious" is a complete and total
             | failure from my point of view.
        
             | burnished wrote:
             | I think you are misreading that argument. If I understand
             | correctly the point is that you are already allowed to look
             | at and make derivative works of art - the machine version
             | of that is not fundamentally any different, especially
             | since it is not reproducing works in whole but rather
             | reproducing a 'style'.
             | 
             | That isnt an endorsement of the argument, my point is that
             | you dont have to believe the black box has any independent
             | intelligence to draw an analogy between what it does and
             | what we already allow.
        
         | eointierney wrote:
         | Anthropomorphisation is a curse, eh?
         | 
         | We've seen this in deities for as long as we've been around,
         | royalties then took the crown, later subsumed by governments,
         | then the daft notion of non-human personalities called
         | companies. Now, aproximate intelligence systems.
         | 
         | We humans are credulous
        
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