[HN Gopher] Amazon warehouse workers stage first-ever strike in ...
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       Amazon warehouse workers stage first-ever strike in the UK
        
       Author : bubblehack3r
       Score  : 233 points
       Date   : 2023-01-25 12:58 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnbc.com)
        
       | leg100 wrote:
       | This is incorrect. This is not the first-ever strike. There were
       | wildcat strikes across the UK last summer, more widespread than
       | today's it would appear:
       | 
       | > https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252523767/UK-Amazon-work...
       | 
       | Media outlets routinely ignore illegal, unofficial, wildcat
       | strikes. They are more newsworthy however, because they express
       | genuine disillusionment amongst workers and their capability to
       | organise themselves without union management.
        
         | nabnob wrote:
         | Saving, thanks! And great point.
        
         | yamtaddle wrote:
         | Every time I tune in to Democracy Now! I'm amazed at how much
         | labor action is entirely ignored by most of the media
         | (including "leftist" NPR). I mean, it's that or DN is just
         | making it up and faking all those interviews they do with
         | people involved in it, but I don't think that's the case.
         | 
         | If you don't seek out explicitly pro-labor media like that,
         | you'd think there are almost never any strikes or other actions
         | by organized labor in the US at all. Maybe like one or two big
         | pushes per year from one sector or another (like the railroad
         | workers who got screwed recently).
         | 
         | [EDIT] Yet every press release by any halfway-important company
         | makes the papers. At least we're honest about what and who
         | matter in our system: CAPITAL-ism.
        
       | boomboomsubban wrote:
       | A third of the workers at one location are striking for one day.
       | I somewhat doubt Amazon will listen to their demands.
        
         | ddulaney wrote:
         | I think Amazon sees unionization activity as a critical risk
         | for them. With a headcount of a million, any increase in cost
         | for them is huge. I suspect they are extremely active in
         | looking for ways to quash these efforts.
         | 
         | That will probably mostly involve legal corporate messaging,
         | illegal corporate intimidation [0], and just shutting down any
         | facility that unionizes.
         | 
         | But if the demands are cheap and easy, I could definitely see
         | Amazon quietly (extremely quietly!) caving if that would weaken
         | the union.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/nov/28/amazon-
         | st...
        
           | hourago wrote:
           | > I think Amazon sees unionization activity as a critical
           | risk for them.
           | 
           | Not necessarily Amazon as a company, quite often to improve
           | working conditions also improve productivity. But there is a
           | risk for upper management that prefers obedient employees
           | that accept anything that goes down whatever reasonable or
           | not. Lazy management loves employees that work extra hard to
           | fill up gaps created by management failures. Many managers
           | also think that any feedback from employees will look bad on
           | them, even if it just to improve productivity. Finally many
           | shareholders just cannot stand the working class and giving
           | them even demands that will improve productivity seems scary.
        
       | datavirtue wrote:
       | They want loyal employees but get upset when they unionize. A
       | union is implicitly a loyal body of employees.
       | 
       | These companies (management monopoly, rather) want to dispose of
       | people without a second thought because it is easier and more
       | within their abilities.
       | 
       | Unions break the management monopoly and add the capability to
       | stop acting like a psychopath.
       | 
       | It's really a government issue. All companies need the same
       | circumstances so their competition isn't reaping extra profits by
       | treating people worse than dogs.
       | 
       | Workers deserve more protections than consumers.
        
       | jimnotgym wrote:
       | Solidarity
       | 
       | I feel this is an important movement for both the people involved
       | and the competitiveness of employers who treat their staff
       | better.
        
       | b3nji wrote:
       | Serious question, why don't they just quit, and get another job?
        
         | hezralig wrote:
         | Perhaps they like the job.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | Job mobility is not easy for low income earners. Not having a
         | paycheck is really difficult if you're living paycheck to
         | paycheck. And it's difficult to interview and job hunt if all
         | of your free time is spent working, commuting, and caring for
         | your family.
         | 
         | Why don't employers just treat workers with basic dignity and a
         | level of pay that isn't poverty-level?
        
       | a_c wrote:
       | Strike always fascinate me. I wonde if there is any material that
       | examine the dynamics of striking? E.g. The impact of striking,
       | short term and long term, and its competitiveness relative to
       | region without striking. One aspect I find intriguing is that the
       | "trigger" of strike is often salary falls behind inflation. On
       | the other hand, some portion of inflation is caused by increased
       | labour cost. So by the time the strike demand is fulfilled, the
       | next strike is in theory in the brewing. What material would you
       | suggest to read upon?
        
         | hyperman1 wrote:
         | In my experience, the worker treatment is generally as much a
         | trigger of strikes as the salary. Here too: [...] long working
         | hours, high injury rates, and the unrelenting pace of work, as
         | well as aggressive, tech-enhanced monitoring of employees.
        
         | verbify wrote:
         | > some portion of inflation is caused by increased labour cost.
         | So by the time the strike demand is fulfilled, the next strike
         | is in theory in the brewing
         | 
         | The word 'some' is doing heavy lifting. If they get a 10% rise,
         | and that causes a 1% increase in inflation (assuming labour
         | costs are not necessarily the biggest proportion of the cost of
         | goods, and assuming companies eat some of the increased labour
         | costs via less money to shareholders rather than raising prices
         | for consumers), then there is not necessarily a reason for a
         | second strike. I've pulled these numbers for illustrative
         | purposes.
         | 
         | A vicious cycle can happen, but it also theoretically doesn't
         | need to happen.
        
         | rr888 wrote:
         | Me too. I think too the unions work best when its just a small
         | part of the population that has the power to get what they
         | want. Its like a prisoners dilemma, yhe wider economy can
         | support this group being relatively overpaid to keep them
         | quiet. However not everyone can be overpaid, and when everyone
         | is striking the economy just falls apart.
        
           | troops_h8r wrote:
           | So you're saying the only thing keeping the economy together
           | is the fact that not too many people have decided to strike?
           | Considering that strikes are acts of desperation, I guess
           | that means we should hope, for the sake of the system, that
           | we don't come across too much desperation any time soon.
           | 
           | Speaking of prisoner"s dilemmas, I wonder how employers
           | manage to agree on how much employee desperation they can get
           | away with...
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | This is something I thought about recently. Say you are
         | managing a fast food restaurant that pays employees $15 / hour.
         | If you are selling $10 of food every 5 minutes, then that's
         | $120 of food per hour.
         | 
         | If you give your cashier a 10% raise, then you have to recover
         | another $1.50 / hour so you have to sell $121.50 / hour or
         | $10.13 every 5 minutes. So a 10% wage increase for one employee
         | translates to raising prices by 1.3%.
         | 
         | I don't know what the economics look like for a warehouse
         | worker, but Amazon can afford it and the community Amazon is a
         | part of will be better off.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | It's always fascinating to see how the simplest solution of
           | all is never even considered.
           | 
           | Reduce profit.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | Why would I invest in a company that returns less than just
             | sticking it in the bank?
        
           | anonquixey wrote:
           | Raising prices by 1.3% also has some impact on sales. In
           | theory it should be greater than 1.3% (or else why hasn't the
           | restaurant greedily raised its prices already). To get higher
           | wages for the workers you need one of two things.
           | 
           | 1. Go upmarket in some way, either sell nicer food with a
           | better margin or higher more oroductive employees.
           | 
           | 2. Through collective action of some kind get all competitors
           | to raise their prices and pass the cartel profits to the
           | worker (for instance a minimum wage law could accomplish
           | this).
        
             | knute wrote:
             | I don't think that those are the only two solutions. Off
             | the top of my head you could
             | 
             | 1. Reduce expenses in other areas
             | 
             | 2. Accept the reduced profit
             | 
             | 3. Find that the cost is offset by more productive
             | employees either through morale increase or improved
             | recruiting
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | Profit in most industries is a few percent, esp.
               | retail/food which are often c. 1%.
               | 
               | The markets are highly competitive, and consumers will
               | compare two stores: A, B and choose the cheaper.
        
               | knute wrote:
               | I think there's a lot more that goes into where someone
               | chooses to eat than price, otherwise Taco Bell would be
               | putting Chipotle out of business.
               | 
               | As explained above, I don't take it as a given that
               | increased employee wages require increased prices.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | Then have a look into how much a taco bell franchise
               | makes: https://sharpsheets.io/blog/taco-bell-franchise-
               | costs-profit...
               | 
               | It's 15% "profit" on paper, but a franchiser is typically
               | in debt for the first 12 years of the store before they
               | make any "net profit".
               | 
               | So we're talking an industry where most of the so-called
               | "capitalists" are in debt.
               | 
               | This is a hyper-competitive market place, and one play
               | only adding on %s to their products will be a hit to
               | their competitiveness.
               | 
               |  _They_ dont decided prices, the market does.
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | It's incredibly naive of you to forget important business
           | expenses that NEEDS to follow any price raise: exec bonuses,
           | stock buybacks, etc. After all of that is done, maybe there
           | is room for a 1% infreas in the cashier wage? Obviously, if
           | the cashier isn't happy with that, that's because the new
           | generations don't want to work and just want to TikTok all
           | day. /s
        
             | xeromal wrote:
             | I'd posit the majority restaurants in your /s example don't
             | have executives, bonuses, or stock buybacks. They're tiny
             | little operations with tiny little profit margins.
        
         | bwestergard wrote:
         | "On the other hand, some portion of inflation is caused by
         | increased labour cost. So by the time the strike demand is
         | fulfilled, the next strike is in theory in the brewing."
         | 
         | It depends on both "technology" (the inputs required to produce
         | each output in the consumption bundle for workers) and purely
         | distributive variables (how revenues are split between labor
         | and capital). Generally speaking, widespread strike activity
         | will tend to shift revenue from capital to labor.
         | 
         | Countries where labor is organized and thus has a credible
         | strike threat generally have a much more equal distribution of
         | income, and most workers work fewer hours per year.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > E.g. The impact of striking, short term and long term, and
         | its competitiveness relative to region without striking.
         | 
         | That one is simple. The US for example has at-will employment,
         | no mandatory paid time off, not even a right for mothers for
         | paid time off post-birth [1]. In contrast, the entire EU has
         | minimum four weeks paid time off, mandatory minimum time
         | advance before a firing (exceptions apply for cases of gross
         | misconduct), and plans to have a mandatory minimum of six weeks
         | PTO post-birth and 20 weeks in total for the parents.
         | 
         | Additionally, even in Europe one can clearly see the difference
         | between riot-happy nations such as France, which has a pension
         | age of 62, and Germany which has 65-67 (depending on how old
         | you are). France's Macron is trying to reform this and raise
         | the limit, he has already tried once and got burned by a
         | massive strike and riot wave and right now is on his second
         | attempt, and again massive strikes.
         | 
         | > On the other hand, some portion of inflation is caused by
         | increased labour cost.
         | 
         | Only minimally. The worst contributor to inflation is simply
         | corporate and CEO greed - wages in Europe have stagnated over
         | the last decades [2].
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_leave_in_the_United_S...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.boeckler.de/de/boeckler-impuls-die-wirtschaft-
         | wa...
        
           | Closi wrote:
           | > That one is simple. The US for example has at-will
           | employment, no mandatory paid time off...
           | 
           | I think they were more talking about the impact on strikes in
           | terms of foreign direct investment - where there is definetly
           | a link (albeit i'm not sure how strong).
           | 
           | If you are choosing where to locate an international
           | manufacturing plant within Europe for instance, the strength
           | of unions in each country is 100% a factor which will be
           | considered in determining where to locate the factory (not
           | the sole factor - but it's absolutely a consideration).
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | Germany has the strongest unions there are (at least in
             | automotive), and yet Tesla set up shop here. France has a
             | sizable amount of industry as well, as does Italy. When
             | setting up plants in Europe, unions aren't much of a factor
             | - wage costs and infrastructure are more.
        
         | kome wrote:
         | a whole field of sociology and industrial relations study just
         | that, there is a tsunami of literature on the subject
        
           | a_c wrote:
           | I'm extremely ignorant on this subject matter. Any pointer,
           | like an author or a book will be highly appreciated!
        
             | kome wrote:
             | it's not an easy read for non sociologists, but I would
             | start here: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/00
             | 3232920203000...
             | 
             | Korpi (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Korpi) is one
             | of the big figures of Scandinavian social democracy, and a
             | researcher that studied for years the connections between
             | social class, welfare, strikes, etc.
             | 
             | But again, I just pick one text, among a tsunami of them.
             | 
             | Check also those journals:
             | https://journals.sagepub.com/home/EJD and
             | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/1468232x and
             | basically all the journals in this list:
             | https://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php?category=1410
        
         | soperj wrote:
         | > On the other hand, some portion of inflation is caused by
         | increased labour cost. So by the time the strike demand is
         | fulfilled, the next strike is in theory in the brewing.
         | 
         | I think the strikes at Amazon have more to do with working
         | conditions than pay. That being said, at already organized
         | unions I'd say it's the opposite. No one was looking for big
         | pay raises when inflation was low, they look for it when
         | inflation is stripping away their salary.
        
       | davidf18 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | lnsru wrote:
       | It's shocking, that there are millions of people picking various
       | objects from the boxes every day all over the world. I know,
       | robotics is hard. But I would guess, that is couple orders of
       | magnitude easier than self driving for example. Light is
       | controlled, temperature above freezing point, size of the box
       | known, shape and size with weight as well as weight distribution
       | of the object are known. Why it is not happening?
        
         | pharmakom wrote:
         | I think the tech will get there.
         | 
         | For the shorter term though, imagine a telepresence robot so
         | you can hire workers from anywhere in the world.
        
           | iceTA wrote:
           | This is the plot of Sleep Dealer.
        
           | monkeydust wrote:
           | This is doable today with a robotic arm at least. My friend
           | is working on it here in UK.
           | 
           | https://www.extendrobotics.com/
        
         | fortituded0002 wrote:
         | > Why it is not happening?
         | 
         | Amazon has been working on robotics for years and has been
         | incorporating it into their warehouses for a long time.
         | 
         | https://www.supplychaindive.com/news/warehouse-robotics-
         | auto....
         | 
         | Not sure how much I agree with this, but a buddy of mine for
         | years talked about how problematic it was for warehouse workers
         | to fight for higher wages and more support because their jobs
         | would likely be automated away in the near-ish future. His
         | argument was that these jobs are not intended to be long-term
         | career jobs and that by pretending they are, you run the risk
         | of doing people a disservice as they stay longer and they
         | become less employable over time.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | The key takeaway here is: "Although many are prototypes, the
           | company aims for the bots to _eventually_ make an impact in
           | the company's logistics network."
           | 
           | They really don't make significant use of robots.
        
             | fortituded0002 wrote:
             | They do. I've seen it. It's been in the works for years.
             | Each time I've worked in the warehouses things have
             | changed. It's not fully automated, but improvements have
             | been made.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Yet, their number of warehouse employees is still growing
               | like an exponential curve. Compare the number of items
               | shipped per 1,000 warehouse employees in 2012 vs 2022 and
               | no it's not wildly different.
        
               | fortituded0002 wrote:
               | > Yet, their number of warehouse employees is still
               | growing like an exponential curve. Compare the number of
               | items shipped per 1,000 warehouse employees in 2012 vs
               | 2022 and no it's not wildly different.
               | 
               | No idea where this data is coming from. But there are a
               | lot of factors at play and this is pretty high-level data
               | on what could be going on. It doesn't account for changes
               | in how the company operates, the number of warehouses
               | that are spinning up, how packaging and shipping has
               | evolved (moving between warehouses to consolidate
               | multiple orders into single shipments, etc), the massive
               | spike in orders during the pandemic...
               | 
               | But really, What's your goal here? It seems like you just
               | want someone to say you are right instead of discuss? If
               | you wanted to discuss, I'd expect that numbers thrown out
               | would have some sort of backing behind them and
               | displaying curiosity as to why things may be operating a
               | certain way as opposed to already deciding how things
               | work.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | Because there's nothing easy about those things, and nothing
         | cheap about building and maintaining a robot that would do
         | them? When you ask the robot to move to another position on the
         | line because they're caught up and the other positions have a
         | backlog, they don't move, and they don't explain why. Also,
         | when they break, you can't yell or threaten them into operating
         | normally again.
        
         | hbgl wrote:
         | In the places where automation is not happening, manual labor
         | is still cheaper. The more these people strike though, the
         | sooner they will get replaced by robots.
        
         | blamazon wrote:
         | Humans are, in many ways, in many places, the best, least
         | expensive robot. To me the bottleneck is not technology, it's
         | the labor market.
         | 
         | Basic human labor planetwide is generally not expensive enough
         | for full automation yet. This is not lost on an HR-heavy
         | company like Amazon that employs over a million humans.
         | 
         | Such an equilibrium is a long way away too. We are systemically
         | undervaluing the life energy of our species, en masse.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | There are a ton of things that, if labor were arbitrarily
           | expensive, it would be replaced with some combination of:
           | 
           | - Robots/automation
           | 
           | - Self-service
           | 
           | - Poorer service
           | 
           | - A lot of people collectively deciding they just just don't
           | need $X if it's going to cost that much
           | 
           | Compare the US overall to many places in southeast Asia for
           | example. There is generally a lot more personal service and
           | staffing overall where the labor is cheaper.
        
             | amalcon wrote:
             | I've heard tell that in some cities with low labor costs,
             | it's cheaper for a disabled person to pay someone to carry
             | them up and down stairs than to rent an apartment with an
             | elevator. That particular robot has been around in more or
             | less its modern form for at least 100 years.
        
             | lawrenceyan wrote:
             | It's interesting to consider how basic income if
             | implemented, could potentially greatly speed up the
             | development/rollout of robotics in industry.
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | > A lot of people collectively deciding they just just
             | don't need $X if it's going to cost that much
             | 
             | A lot of people decide that it's their God-given right to
             | enjoy a certain service at a certain price, even if it
             | requires exploited labour to achieve.
             | 
             | They will actively support legislation that enables this
             | sort of exploitation, because again, this service is too
             | nice to pass on.
        
           | noobermin wrote:
           | I moved to singapore just as the covid measures were
           | loosening last year. Most restaurants are still using QR code
           | menus and web apps to make orders. Each time we get our food,
           | the waiter has to guess which drink and meal belongs to who,
           | or they just leave it on the table and expect you to take it.
           | The apps also make it harder to ask for exceptions to the
           | menu (no tomatoes, more hot sauce, etc). Of course, the
           | restaurants also hire just one waiter, who now runs around
           | like a headless chicken fulfilling orders, so it's not like
           | automation is making the individual worker's life easier. But
           | management gets to things to look nice on their spreadsheet
           | with less labour costs so they keep the changes.
           | 
           | I really don't think consumers like automation. There are
           | some cases where's it's convenient (vending machine) and
           | times where it isn't (dining in). But it's being forced en
           | mass because vendors can get away with it, not because
           | there's _demand_ but because _suppliers_ like it.
        
             | matkoniecz wrote:
             | > or they just leave it on the table and expect you to take
             | it
             | 
             | what is wrong with that?
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | I went to a restaurant recently that did the QR menu thing.
             | It was a long list of terrible UX on my phone. I'll never
             | do that again. If a place can't give me a menu, I'm walking
             | out and finding another place to eat.
        
               | Idk__Throwaway wrote:
               | You must not have gone out to eat much recently then. I'm
               | on the road a lot and I'd estimate that over 50% of all
               | restaurants I visit have a QR code menu.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | In palo alto, I have not seen a QR only menu anywhere.
        
               | noobermin wrote:
               | It certainly hasn't hit the US as much as it has hit
               | elsewhere.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I saw it here and there during the pandemic in the US but
               | not especially common.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Correct, I rarely eat out now. I've seen the QR code
               | menu's before, but the place still had regular menus as
               | backup. This most recent place did not.
               | 
               | This should be illegal as it really discriminates against
               | elderly. My 75 year old dad has an old shitty phone that
               | he can barely use... what is he supposed to do? I could
               | barely read the menu on my iphone 13 pro max...
        
               | zeroonetwothree wrote:
               | Not everything you dislike should be illegal.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Very true!
               | 
               | That said, we do have laws in the US around accessibility
               | for handicapped and disabled people and this could easily
               | be added as an extension to that.
               | 
               | Had this been a place where there were no servers and you
               | could only order and pay by phone (which also exists),
               | then that brings up the question of exclusion of people
               | who don't embrace technology or can't afford a phone.
               | I've seen this one come up a lot on HN in the past too.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | Same here. Ordering is a hack, usually with some silicon
               | valley schmuck trying to insert themselves between me and
               | the business, the prices are outlandish, and the service
               | and quality is usually abysmal (the Mexican restaurants
               | here in Ohio are great..probably due to the workers all
               | being from the same culture).
               | 
               | Every time I go out to eat now I have buyers remorse.
               | Except the Mexican restaurants...they feel pre-pandemic
               | still.
               | 
               | I recently ate at a Brix. Before the pandemic it was
               | solid, great quality and reasonable prices (wood fired
               | everything, craft beers). If I didn't feel so bad for the
               | old decrepit workers I would have cussed them all and ran
               | out. Cost a fortune. Never going back.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Funny enough, this was a Mexican restaurant that I used
               | to go to as a kid that was amazing. I had such good
               | memories of going there. It was eventually sold to
               | another company that remodeled the whole place and
               | changed the name.
               | 
               | In addition to the dumb menu thing, the food was
               | terrible... to the point that the rice tasted like
               | plastic. The prices were off the charts, but I'm used to
               | that at this point. To add insult to the whole
               | experience, tips were auto calculated _on top of tax_ on
               | the receipt (which was even noted on the receipt), just
               | to boost it up higher.
               | 
               | So yea... lesson learned. I wonder if there are any
               | statistics around post-covid return rates for
               | restaurants. I bet it is terrible.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >I wonder if there are any statistics around post-covid
               | return rates for restaurants. I bet it is terrible.
               | 
               | There's probably more takeout and you have to take into
               | account the effect of inflation on dining as well. But
               | the number of people dining out in the US is broadly back
               | to pre-pandemic levels although people are eating out
               | somewhat less frequently.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | I'm more referring to the concept of buying food at a
               | restaurant multiple times. Takeout and/or in-dining, not
               | about the frequency of doing such things.
               | 
               | Interestingly, the place I went to last, was packed full
               | in the late afternoon (~3pm), on a monday. The large bar
               | seating was full.
               | 
               | My experience so far is that the quality of nearly every
               | dish I've eaten has gone down significantly to the point
               | that I keep trying new places and almost never repeating.
               | 
               | It could be that now that I cook more at home, I'm just
               | not used to the amount of butter/salt that is being
               | (ab)used in restaurants, as well as the quality of the
               | ingredients (I mostly buy/eat "organic", whatever that is
               | worth...).
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I can't say I've noticed a real change in food but it's a
               | small sample size as I don't eat out on a very regular
               | basis.
               | 
               | In terms of the percentage people who dine in or get out
               | at least sometimes numbers seem to be pretty much back to
               | pre-pandemic levels.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | >I really don't think consumers like automation.
             | 
             | It depends.
             | 
             | I like depositing checks by app rather than having to go to
             | an ATM--much less a bank clerk.
             | 
             | And I'm generally OK with self-service checkout if I just
             | have a few items and everything is barcoded.
             | 
             | But, yes, there are many cases where automation (e.g. chat
             | bots) and self-service save the business money at the cost
             | of making the consumer experience worse.
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | Depends on the consumer, I'd far rather order in my own
             | time on my phone. You want to pay more to employ someone to
             | serve you then fine.
        
               | noobermin wrote:
               | Have you ever considered that you pay the same amount and
               | management keeps the change while not employing anyone
               | else? I don't notice my bill being cheaper.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | And thus competition pushes those prices down.
               | 
               | Either way I'd personally pay more to use an app, so win-
               | win for me.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | It is happening. The humans now on strike are what's left after
         | most of it was automated.
        
         | mabbo wrote:
         | tl;dr: Robotic picking requires higher shipping costs, and
         | shipping costs are much higher than the labour costs to pick
         | the item.
         | 
         | I spent years in Amazon Fulfillment Tech, a lot of in the
         | Picking software space. It's all about tradeoffs, and shipping
         | costs.
         | 
         | Amazon will spend far more money getting the item from the
         | warehouse to your front door than they will on labour costs
         | getting the item into the box, ready to ship to you. Shipping
         | is expensive, labour is relatively cheap when each item is
         | touched by maybe 2-4 people for a few seconds each.
         | 
         | Robotics are getting better, but the typical storage bin in an
         | Amazon warehouse is optimized for density, not for easy
         | picking. Humans do a great job of picking items despite the
         | storage density. We fish it out, feel around, use our
         | incredible vision powers. We're great at it! Robots suck at
         | that sort of thing (today).
         | 
         | Amazon could build a warehouse that is optimized for robotic
         | picking. But if you built it with today's robots, you would
         | have a fraction of the item storage density. That means you'd
         | either need many times more warehouses or you'd need to reduce
         | your selection. When you reduce selection, that means a
         | different warehouse is handling those other orders, and it's
         | probably further away from the customer.
         | 
         | Further away from the customer => higher shipping costs.
        
           | mymythisisthis wrote:
           | Do you think in the future some form of standardized shipping
           | packages will become the norm? Much like the standard metal
           | shipping container became the norm in the trucking industry.
           | That way more automation can be incorporated across the whole
           | shipping chain.
        
             | mabbo wrote:
             | But that's the same problem: you'd use more storage space
             | per item, needlessly, decreasing storage density.
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | https://www.ocadogroup.com/about-us/ocado-technology/
        
         | zeroonetwothree wrote:
         | Human hands are an amazing technology that we haven't been able
         | to artificially replicate.
         | 
         | I expect that in the (near?) future when AI has replaced
         | software engineers, lawyers, writers, and bloggers that humans
         | will still be needed to be warehouse workers, fruit pickers,
         | plumbers, and surgeons.
        
         | have_faith wrote:
         | We think of ourselves so highly, yet mastery over boxes eludes
         | us.
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | If a robot cost PS1mil (including install) and lasts for 10
         | years with zero maintenance or other costs, then it's cheaper
         | to employ 4 people on 25k a year to do the same job. And that's
         | without things like seasonal demand changes or government
         | grants for hiring people.
         | 
         | 1mil for a robot isn't that much. Does anyone make a robot that
         | can work (at least) as fast as 4 people and never need
         | maintaining etc?
        
           | willcipriano wrote:
           | It's the same economics that made slavery not viable. Sure
           | you don't have to pay labor costs with a slave but if they
           | break their arm you have to call a doctor, otherwise you are
           | out the money you paid for the slave (and that is many years
           | of a typical man's wages), and either way you aren't getting
           | any work until they are healed. It's much more economical to
           | work humans that you've paid a wage, to the bone, and once
           | they are broken, fire them for lack of performance and hire
           | another. No upfront capital outlay, no ongoing costs when
           | they are injured and can't work for you, hell you don't even
           | need to pay them enough to survive, wage slaves beat actual
           | slaves every time.
           | 
           | Amazon's problem is they hit such a scale they are starting
           | to run out of wage slaves. They either broke them already or
           | the potential worker has friends or family broken by them so
           | they are wise to the deal. If this wasn't the case they would
           | have little interest in automation.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | Slavery was economically viable.
        
               | notch656c wrote:
               | Economically viable but not economically competitive. The
               | populace of North Korea are basically slaves yet their
               | economy is in the shitters. Workers competing for most
               | productive use of their labor leads to better outcome for
               | the rich capital owners.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | After the post Civil War recession, economic growth rates
               | increased dramatically[0]. While slavery made individual
               | southerners wealthy, it's abolition resulted in a broader
               | more dynamic economy that took millions out of poverty.
               | 
               | [0]https://fee.org/articles/no-slavery-did-not-make-
               | america-ric...
        
         | hourago wrote:
         | > It's shocking, that there are millions of people picking
         | various objects from the boxes every day all over the world.
         | 
         | I just read the article and does not talk about automation. Did
         | I miss something?
        
         | philipov wrote:
         | There are a lot of places where manual labor is preferred to
         | automation, not because automation is hard, but because
         | automation is expensive, while labor can be found for dirt
         | cheep.
        
           | sct202 wrote:
           | Also if you only need labor part of the year like for
           | Christmas for Amazon, if you fully automated Amazon would
           | have to have a bunch of expensive idle robots for the rest of
           | the year. With people you can hire them as seasonal temps for
           | just when you need them.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | I would think that goes the other way, as a benefit to
             | automation. People are a lot more volatile than machines,
             | so scaling up and down in periods of high and low demand is
             | more predictable with machines.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | Machines are a capital expenditure. You basically can't
               | scale them down below their initial investment cost to
               | acquire.
               | 
               | Order picking is, in the grand scheme of human
               | employment, essentially unskilled labor. It takes a bit
               | of practice to get efficient, and a certain level of
               | perseverance and endurance to operate at top efficiency,
               | but it doesn't take any form of higher study,
               | credentialing or apprenticeship to become qualified at.
               | Scaling seasonal workers in this role is relatively
               | trivial in terms of expense compared to purchasing
               | robots.
               | 
               | Final note: humans take years to become obsolete and
               | replaced by newer generations. The same isn't true with
               | robots. If you can get full use out of one year round, it
               | is much easier to justify investing now rather than 5
               | years from now than if you only get two months a year use
               | out of it.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | How about WFH drone robot operators? You could automate
               | and macro some things and wouldn't need people onsite.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | That sounds a lot like the worst of both worlds. Massive
               | capital outlay to manage peak capacity, and your
               | employees need to be a bit more specialized- they need a
               | solid internet connection at home, and sufficiently
               | skilled with technology to remotely operate a robot. Not
               | only that, but now your robots aren't autonomous and are
               | controlled by someone outside of the building. Operations
               | security becomes significantly more complex, as does
               | managing what happens when a robot gets stuck and your
               | remote operator is interfering with the people onsite
               | trying to fix the problem.
        
           | johnfn wrote:
           | Like... the UK? Not exactly the first place that comes to
           | mind for "cheap labor".
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | Perhaps it should. The UK has both low unemployment and
             | also a cost-of-living crisis, which implies (to me, I'm not
             | an economist) that labour is underpaid locally compared to
             | other economic inputs.
        
               | rjh29 wrote:
               | It also has a relatively high minimum wage (compared to
               | the US) and high employment tax and lots of pro-employee
               | regulations. Hiring people is very expensive for
               | employers here, even if _average_ salaries are low.
               | 
               | The cost of living is not just related to salary but also
               | energy being 3x more expensive than usual, house prices,
               | food prices going up 30%, Brexit, etc.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Either that or due to political restrictions preventing
               | more housing being built, land is overvalued.
               | 
               | Any increase in wages is taken by landlords who increase
               | the rent. The competition for a house isn't the next door
               | house, it's not living in the city at all.
        
         | francisofascii wrote:
         | "We're cheaper than droids and easier to replace." - Line from
         | Andor, Episode 9.
        
         | monkeydust wrote:
         | It is happening and Amazon are a big investors in this space
         | afaik (https://amazon.jobs/en/teams/amazon-robotics).
         | 
         | I think the issue is that there are some tasks that might seem
         | easy for a robot to do but they are not, either too expensive
         | vs human capital or the failure rate is not tolerable. The
         | human body is a pretty amazing machine.
        
         | moonchrome wrote:
         | We are fascinated by intelligence/reasoning but if you think
         | about evolution - motion/sensory response were optimized for
         | billions of years, human reasoning is a more recent development
         | - I'm not surprised these things are harder to solve than
         | generating text that appears to be written by another human.
        
           | TremendousJudge wrote:
           | Same thing with chess, but written word is much older. Maybe
           | spoken word is next, since chronologically it's much older.
           | 
           | Moving through an environment, self-healing, reproduction,
           | and being powered by pretty much anything that grows are last
           | on the list.
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | _But I would guess, that is couple orders of magnitude easier
         | than self driving for example._
         | 
         | You would guess wrong then. Robots don't handle variability
         | well _at all_. Making a robot that can pack _anything_ like a
         | human can is a huge challenge.
        
           | js8 wrote:
           | The solution will eventually be similar to shipping
           | containers. Every producer will have to use one of several
           | hundreds (because of different sizes) standard ways to
           | package something, if they want to sell with Amazon.
        
             | onion2k wrote:
             | That's a possible solution but the fact it hasn't happened
             | yet makes me wonder if there's a hard problem with even
             | that.
        
               | sct202 wrote:
               | Putting things into specific for Amazon containers for
               | automation is going to be a cost to the manufacturers to
               | modify their production lines to accommodate and may be
               | more labor versus what they do today. Plus no matter
               | what, it might be that Amazon has one package, Walmart
               | wants a different one so you end up having a bunch of
               | different packages that are all the same thing, which
               | becomes harder to manage because you can't ship excess of
               | the Amazon SKU to Walmart without repackaging.
        
               | mymythisisthis wrote:
               | I wondering if one country stepped in and called for
               | standardized package (and fined those that didn't use
               | it), would it be a tipping point?
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | How would a country (in the absence of egregious levels
               | of regulatory capture) benefit from that? It would strike
               | me as both ridiculous overreach, and something for which
               | the only benefit would be some megacorp having the
               | ability to cut jobs, while adding to waste (not all
               | things need packaging!), reducing the capacity for
               | manufacturers to innovate, market and reduce their own
               | costs, and creating a system that would wind up rivaling
               | the tariff code for complexity, all so that Amazon can
               | sort and fill packages with fewer humans.
        
               | sebzim4500 wrote:
               | IIRC the cost of processing in the 'fulfillment center'
               | is way lower than the cost of delivering it to your door,
               | so there is only so much benefit you can obtain by
               | optimizing the warehouses.
        
           | ape4 wrote:
           | The packages I receive seem like they are packed by a simple
           | algorithm. Find the longest dimension of the object, get a
           | box that holds that size. Fill the box with packing material.
        
             | onion2k wrote:
             | That's not what I mean. Picking a box isn't so hard
             | (although box packing algorithms for non-uniform objects is
             | still tricky).
             | 
             | The robotics part is more like "how do I make a robot that
             | can pick up a pen, a 50kg weight, and a silk blouse, and
             | make it put all three in the same package without messing
             | up?" In a factory that would be three distinct robots
             | because that variability in weight, size, surface friction,
             | malleability, etc makes it a _hard_ problem. In a warehouse
             | it would need to be one robot. Even if you compromise and
             | accept additional packaging like putting soft items in
             | boxes or bags it 's still quite difficult.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >Picking a box isn't so hard
               | 
               | Though, frankly, Amazon often seems to do a terrible job
               | of optimizing packing--both over and under. I'm guessing
               | that within some range of the right size and some range
               | of not having too much breakage, it's cheaper for them to
               | half-ass it to some degree.
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | Even alone making grippers that reliably can pick up arbitrary
         | objects is surprisingly hard (I believe Amazon did have some
         | prizes offered to anyone who comes up with improvements there).
         | So for now it's cheaper overall to have humans do the tricky
         | part of actually picking stuff up and putting it in boxes, and
         | where possible move other things to/from them. E.g. various
         | "self-driving" shelving systems etc.
         | 
         | And Amazon ships all kinds of stuff in various packaging
         | formats etc, so is kind of the worst case here. I could see a
         | company that produces and packages its own stuff choose
         | differently here, and design packaging specifically with its
         | logistics robot capabilities in mind. (For larger packaging
         | sizes, that tend to be large-ish plain boxes, that's already
         | what is happening)
        
         | oliwarner wrote:
         | What I find shocking is that they'll work for a billionaire for
         | PS10/h, and let him micro-monitor break time.
        
           | rjh29 wrote:
           | What choice do you think people have? At minimum wage pretty
           | much all jobs are like that.
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | Supermarkets pay more than that and while aren't exactly
             | cushy, they aren't as bad as the reported warehouse
             | conditions of an amazon factory.
        
           | netrus wrote:
           | Tells you something about the alternatives they have.
        
             | WeylandYutani wrote:
             | Other warehouses, despite what internet pundits will tell
             | you, are much the same.
             | 
             | Tech workers in air-conditioned buildings are out of touch
             | on how the underclass live and work. BUT I PICKED TOMATOES
             | FOR A SUMMER JOB WHEN I WAS 15
        
         | kansface wrote:
         | > But I would guess, that is couple orders of magnitude easier
         | than self driving for example.
         | 
         | The more I think about this, the more I believe you to be
         | incorrect! Identifying the correct item in the bin is _hard_ -
         | things are in random arrangements and orientations. They may be
         | buried under other stuff. Packaging continually changes. Things
         | will be in the wrong bin. Things will be packaged by the
         | manufacturer incorrectly! Things expire but you can 't rely on
         | expiration dates, which you'd have to be able to read and parse
         | in the first place. Anything in the bin could be extremely
         | fragile. Some things are both fragile and heavy.
         | 
         | The act of picking stuff up is _hard_. Grip too hard, you break
         | it. Grip too soft, you drop it and break it or something else.
         | Grip it the wrong way, you break it. Crush stuff around it
         | rummaging, you break that. Some things must be pinched, others
         | grasped, cradled or supported at multiple points. You break
         | something, then what? You 've contaminated who knows what
         | around it roomba style - you can't send stuff out to customers
         | thats covered in shards of glass or unknown liquids.
         | 
         | How do you identify when something is broken or defective in
         | the first place? Packaging may be damaged while the item is OK,
         | or the item may be broken while the packaging is intact. Humans
         | can do this because they have a model of the world with
         | interactive feedback. Things with broken glass may sound wrong
         | or just feel wrong when moved.
         | 
         | The stakes are lower on average, but putting the wrong item in
         | a cart will eventually kill someone. Consider allergies,
         | medical supplies, the blind or illiterate. All the while, you
         | have to do this for less than $15/hour? I can only see robots
         | currently succeeding for hyper specific items - perhaps those
         | that are low value and heavy for instance.
        
         | dsfyu404ed wrote:
         | There are many "lights off" warehouses and subsets of
         | warehouses. Lots of stuff that ships direct from a
         | manufacturer's warehouse is like this. The orders amazon picks
         | and packages are far too diverse for that to be economical and
         | current levels of technological progress.
        
       | hhthrowaway1230 wrote:
       | This is fantastic. A milestone I'd say. Good for them.
        
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