[HN Gopher] Effects on the lips of horn players seated too close...
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       Effects on the lips of horn players seated too close to the timpani
       (2014)
        
       Author : camtarn
       Score  : 132 points
       Date   : 2023-01-08 08:20 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (newt.phys.unsw.edu.au)
 (TXT) w3m dump (newt.phys.unsw.edu.au)
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | The dynamic range of a full size symphonic orchestra is very
       | impressive, it's 105+ dB!
       | 
       | A Timpani up close you can feel in your belly as though someone
       | punched you lightly in the gut and you can wear earplugs all you
       | want it isn't going to help you if the horn you play concentrates
       | that shock wave in the reverse manner in which it allows your own
       | notes to go out, probably much worse if your chosen note happens
       | to match the note to which that particular timpani is tuned. From
       | the bell end to your mouthpiece it's essentially an open channel
       | with a very specific length chosen to match the pitch at which
       | the whole thing resonates. Get close to that frequency and
       | anything you (and others, such as timpani players) do will be
       | amplified. Your puny outgoing breath will have to fight with the
       | force of a grown man hitting a ~1square meter sheet of very taut
       | skin. It's a pretty uneven match.
       | 
       | Do Timpani players themselves play with ear protection? (Pretty
       | common for drummers in pop music.)
       | 
       | Incidentally, if someone is willing to pick it up, I still have a
       | silver plated Yamaha slide sitting here that hasn't been used for
       | years (one of my lungs isn't what it used to be). Free to a good
       | home.
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | > A Timpani up close you can feel in your belly as though
         | someone punched you lightly in the gut
         | 
         | This is the #1 reason I bought those "ridiculous" subwoofers...
         | A lot of the experience of the symphony lives in frequency
         | ranges that are difficult to reproduce. Anything that does a
         | hard cutoff at 20Hz is basically neutering the larger
         | instruments. Feeling these transients is the entire point of
         | having someone slam a mallet into a large object.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Interesting - but not super relevant - data point: a Symphony
           | Orchestra at 1 meter distance at full volume produces < 20
           | Watts of power!
           | 
           | I think your average stereo is going to have a substantial
           | problem with any kind of orchestral music, you won't be able
           | to hear the soft passages and the louder ones will get you
           | 911 attention assuming you could hear the softer ones.
           | Fortunately most audio reproduction media can't do it either.
           | But if you have access to the original masters (or digitized
           | copies) you can get up to 80 dB range. Putting together a
           | non-headphones based stereo system to reproduce that in a
           | normal living room is going to be pricey.
        
             | bob1029 wrote:
             | > I think your average stereo is going to have a
             | substantial problem with any kind of orchestral music.
             | 
             | Indeed. The impedance difference between a live instrument
             | vs a general-purpose reproduction system is almost always
             | going to be fantastical. Just think about how loud a
             | person's voice can get.
             | 
             | 20 watts of power into a live brass instrument is going to
             | require something like 500-2000 watts worth of typical
             | audio gear to approximate at reference volume without much
             | distortion. There are specialty loudspeakers designed to
             | more closely approximate certain elements - which can
             | reduce these power requirements - but then you are forced
             | to make all kinds of other weird tradeoffs.
        
             | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
             | And this is why Watt is a poor substitute for volume,
             | because speaker sensitivity is more important. Every energy
             | doubling (50W => 100W) is just +3dB, and you'll loose some
             | of that due to power compression at the upper limits. A
             | speaker with 76dB sensitivity compared to one with 107dB is
             | quite a different experience when fed 10W. Reproducing
             | ~110dB of acoustic power is not particularly difficult,
             | except for the lowest frequencies which might either
             | require high electrical power rating or impractically large
             | horns. Some people build horns as beds to make them fit
             | into their apartment: http://www.hifi-
             | forum.de/viewthread-188-2426.html
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That's hilarious :) I hope that apartment is acoustically
               | insulated from the neighbors.
        
           | Wistar wrote:
           | How ridiculous? Rotary subwoofer ridiculous?
           | https://www.soundandvision.com/content/eminent-technology-
           | tr...
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | I just had one of those 'why didn't I think of that'
             | moments. That's really neat, thank you very much for
             | posting it.
        
             | tedunangst wrote:
             | Unclear from the article, but what audio sources are they
             | using? Is there a meaningful 5hz signal in my Blu-ray
             | soundtrack?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Even C0 (for instance on a Bosendorfer Imperial) doesn't
               | nearly go that low. You'd have to synthesize the sound, I
               | don't think any normal arrangement would pick it up even
               | if it was present in a performance (for instance, that
               | organ mentioned elsewhere in the thread). 70 mm Dolby
               | Stereo tracks from motion picture reels will go as low as
               | 3Hz. I'm not sure if that makes it to Blue-ray though,
               | would be nice to try for a lark but not enough of a win
               | to shell out money for.
        
           | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
           | 20Hz is already pretty deep, and usually only found in home
           | cinema subs! The deepest organ note goes down to 16Hz I
           | think? PA subwoofers are usually tuned to 40Hz, because there
           | is typically no energy in regular music below that cutoff.
           | The stuff that "punches you in the chest" is actually not
           | deep bass, but kick bass, which is above 60Hz.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | No, they go down all the way to 8, that's a 64' pipe. There
             | are only very few organs in the world that can do this and
             | I'm not even sure if those stops are functional.
             | 
             | I have a 'virtual' version of that here and you simply
             | can't hear it (you can feel it though).
             | 
             | See:
             | 
             | https://www.mixtuur.com/en/whats-the-longest-organ-pipe-
             | in-t...
        
               | wussboy wrote:
               | I heard they have pipes that big at the Liverpool
               | cathedral, but they only use them when the Queen was
               | there, as they are literally wrecking the cathedral.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Indeed it does:
               | 
               | https://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/media/qyyd3x40/live
               | rpo...
               | 
               | I totally get why they would want to limit the use of
               | that particular register. At that frequency you're
               | putting standing waves in the structure of the cathedral
               | that are long enough to put significant stresses on the
               | masonry. I've played around a bit with a 32' stop in a
               | church and that already had me worried about the stained
               | glass and the more delicate bits of stone work. Half that
               | at volume must be very impressive.
        
               | lebuffon wrote:
               | I don't think it is written into a piece (at least not
               | one that I know of) but if you play the 32' pedal C and
               | C# together you get a ~2 Hz beat frequency that is
               | amazing to hear but probably didn't help the church
               | building that I worked at. :)
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Hehe, that's nasty :) Yes, of course, you can get all the
               | sums and differences by going up and down that stop and
               | keeping the lowest note pressed all the time. You
               | probably end up giving the wind machine a nice work out
               | too.
        
           | treeman79 wrote:
           | https://youtu.be/12X-i9YHzmE
           | 
           | Something like the Octobasse is amazing in person, and would
           | be completely missing on a regular home speaker setup.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Wow. I thought that was a video overlay... but it's the
             | real thing. Incredible.
        
         | Aidevah wrote:
         | Even a string quartet can produce quite an impressive dynamic
         | range if the music calls for it. The Takacs quartet recording
         | of Beethoven's Grosse Fuge is a great example with the extreme
         | contrast between the soft, slow section and the two loud fugues
         | that sandwich it[1]. You can open it up in audacity and the
         | visual difference between the sections are immediately obvious.
         | You don't often get this kind of large dynamic ranges in other
         | music.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6nqfPWxWCg
        
         | cableshaft wrote:
         | I played Timpani for two years in high school. I never felt the
         | need to wear ear protection. Although I did develop Tinnitus
         | twenty years later, but I think it's more related to having to
         | block out noise in open offices than me playing those drums a
         | long time ago.
         | 
         | I tried getting back into drums a bit with just practicing
         | paradiddles on practice pads with standard drum sticks not too
         | long ago, post-Tinnitus, and I needed to wear ear protection
         | for that, I could feel a pressure in my ears with each strike,
         | and it seemed a little unsafe.
         | 
         | Timpani drum strikes are much softer, though (you have cotton
         | and what feels like panty hose wrapped around that cotton on
         | the end of the sticks) so I never really felt pressure in my
         | ears, at least as far as I can remember, and even though I was
         | trying to make it loud at times, it didn't seem significantly
         | louder than when I was playing other instruments surrounded
         | more closely by other musicians playing (like when I was
         | playing saxophone sitting amongst the trombone and trumpet and
         | tuba players).
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | I don't think there's any evidence that tinnitus can be
           | caused by open office floor plans.
        
             | cableshaft wrote:
             | It can be caused by wearing headphones and playing music
             | loud enough and long enough, which I had to do extensively
             | in order to do my work and focus, because if I didn't have
             | them on there was often 4-6 conversations that I could hear
             | from my desk at various times throughout the day (and not
             | too uncommon there'd be 2-3 different conversations
             | literally next to and across from my desk, it was
             | apparently a hotspot for BAs and scrum masters to
             | congregate and chat for 45+ minutes at a time. I tried to
             | get my assigned desk changed but had little luck with
             | that).
             | 
             | I think at one point I got noise cancelling headphones and
             | that helped a bit more, but I still had to play music at a
             | certain level to cover the sound. Don't quite remember
             | anymore though since it's been four years since I was in
             | that situation.
             | 
             | I'm sure not every open office is like that. In particular
             | the one at my current job, the one time I went in, was
             | significantly quieter. Although the office was only a third
             | full as well, since things changed a lot since the pandemic
             | started for how many people show up to the office (I work
             | remote almost exclusively now).
             | 
             | To be clear, I don't know for certain it caused it, it just
             | seems the most likely culprit out of the possible causes in
             | my life.
        
         | snafferdog wrote:
         | No, timpani players don't use earplugs. In almost all
         | orchestral pieces you aren't playing timpani that loudly for
         | long.
         | 
         | Creds; performing diploma in Percussion from Guildhall.
        
         | chha wrote:
         | > Do Timpani players themselves play with ear protection?
         | (Pretty common for drummers in pop music.)
         | 
         | I don't. Most of the music I've played in an orchestral setting
         | hasn't really been that loud; there are certain sections of a
         | piece where you might play louder than usual, but most is
         | fairly low in volume. Wearing earplugs would mute everything
         | else, including details you might need to hear, feedback from
         | the conductor etc during rehersals etc.
         | 
         | As an (amateur) percussionist/drummer I will typically only
         | using custom earplugs if I play a really piercing instrument
         | for extended periods, such as bells, chimes orchestral cymbals,
         | or if I'm standing close to them.
         | 
         | A drum kit in an orchestral setting is usually not that loud,
         | at least not from my experience. Drum kits in band settings on
         | the other hand... In those settings I'll usually wear in-ears
         | whenever possible, which gives me a mix of whatever I need to
         | hear, as well as a little bit of my drums so that I can hear
         | what happens onstage. If not possible, I'll wear custom plugs
         | which reduces everything more or less evenly with ~25dB.
        
         | antonmosich wrote:
         | > Do Timpani players themselves play with ear protection?
         | (Pretty common for drummers in pop music.)
         | 
         | I would be surprised to see someone playing the Timpani wearing
         | ear protection, if there aren't other even "louder" musicians
         | around. If someone in proximity is playing the cymbals (or
         | snare drum, or whip etc.) loudly though, I would absolutely use
         | ear protection even when playing Timpani.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Snare or cymbals can be extremely loud up close but their
           | spectrum is more like white noise, in comparison a Timpani is
           | more like an 'audio laser' for want of a better term,
           | relatively few harmonics and all of the energy concentrated
           | in a very narrow band.
        
           | MengerSponge wrote:
           | It's really common for percussionists to have fitted
           | "musician's earplugs"
           | 
           | https://www.etymotic.com/product/custom-musicians-
           | earplugs-w...
           | 
           | If you see much live music, it's worth picking up a pair too.
           | If you rarely go, a pair of universal-fit plugs costs a tenth
           | as much.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | I'm a musician, and I wear the cheap ones. They actually
             | work great. They're cheap enough that I can keep a pair in
             | each instrument case. I do use them when listening to live
             | music as well.
        
               | MengerSponge wrote:
               | If your ears are shaped well for the cheap ones, there's
               | no real reason to spend the extra $200. But the fitted
               | ones are comfortable to wear all day (literally).
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | Indeed, I do well with Hearo's or ER20's, which are
               | similar if not identical. Maybe they're a bit more
               | visible than the fitted ones, but that's OK for the
               | styles that I play -- mostly jazz and folk music.
        
             | dorfsmay wrote:
             | Not just percussion, I know violon players who do (same
             | brand), because violins are very close to their player's
             | ear, and hearing is really important to violin players.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | herodotus wrote:
       | There is a wonderful YouTube video of Beethoven's 9th 4th
       | movement taken and recorded next to the Timpanist. From this
       | position, the brass dominates the rest of the orchestra. Fun to
       | watch. I always enjoy watching the Timpanist in live performance.
       | Worth sitting in the royal circle (ie upstairs) just to get this
       | perspective. Video: https://youtu.be/XjvNd4yC8gs
        
       | camtarn wrote:
       | From the linked paper:
       | 
       | 'Gunther Schuller (b. 1925), an influential horn player, writes:
       | "The timpani's spreading wave-lengths back up through the horn,
       | violently jarring the player's lips. Under these conditions split
       | notes abound and what notes can be played develop a strong rasp.
       | A half minute of this and the horn player will retain no
       | sensitivity in his lips" (1962).
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | This proximity effect with the timpani has also been highlighted
       | as a potential source of injury to horn players (Horvath, 2010),
       | where "the impact of the timpani on the horn is an extremely
       | direct and painful one" (Schuller, 1962), "like being hit in the
       | mouth" (Buckle, 2008), and "will also negatively affect
       | endurance" (Hill, 2001).'
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | jay-anderson wrote:
       | When I was young taking horn lessons my teacher told me that
       | being too close to the timpani can increase your chance to miss
       | notes. This paper is useful in showing some evidence for that.
       | This problem is more unique to the horn as its bell points
       | backwards (and to the horn player's right side). From the
       | audience and conductor's perspective (the house) the horns are
       | usually center or on the left side (stage right) of the stage and
       | the timpani are on the right (stage left) so it isn't an issue.
       | However sometimes you show up and you're pointing right at the
       | timpani or bass drum. I played in one group for a while that did
       | that and it was very frustrating working with them to change it
       | (it never happened). They squeezed us in so tight that it just
       | didn't work well for the horns. To be effective the horn really
       | needs some space and good surfaces behind to reflect the sound
       | into the hall.
        
       | santoriv wrote:
       | Hmmm i never noticed this. It's a lot worse to sit in front of
       | the trumpets tbh. At least from a hearing loss perspective.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Eargasm...
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | To expand a bit on that: it's a brand of musicians earplugs.
        
         | cpfohl wrote:
         | Yeah I was a tubist. Timpanis were arms length away, I have to
         | assume that the effect is only for French Horn players...that
         | tiny mouthpiece and the continuous tapering and the intense
         | flare at the end...it's also aimed a funny direction compared
         | to the other brass instruments (a little to the side rather
         | than up or straight ahead).
        
         | xo5vik wrote:
         | In a semi-confined space too - eg an orchestra pit at the
         | opera... Musician wins landmark ruling over ruined hearing
         | (2018) https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-43571144
        
       | ycombinete wrote:
       | This made me think instantly of the famous Shouting in the
       | Datacenter video [0]
       | 
       | [0] https://youtu.be/tDacjrSCeq4
        
         | afandian wrote:
         | Just to close the loop:
         | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Mj4BFvwwj-o
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | I think if you try to bring a Timpani into a data center that
         | you may have some trouble during the admission phase.
        
       | telesilla wrote:
       | Youth orchestra, second violin, next to the cannons for
       | Tchaikovksy's 1812. As measure 328 approaches, disobey the
       | conductor, put down the violin and cover ears.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/0F5k70xwGSk?t=8m
        
         | Eduard wrote:
         | Didn't see the violin. What's the timestamp?
        
           | telesilla wrote:
           | Speaking from experience :)
        
       | rzzzt wrote:
       | Reading the title I thought it's going to be related to human
       | physiology and was wondering how can you sit too close to your
       | middle ear...
        
       | anotheryou wrote:
       | If you toot one horn in to another it's also a surprisingly
       | strong disruption.
       | 
       | I tried using it as an effect ones, but didn't really succeed to
       | do anything useful (feeding sines through my trumpet while
       | playing it with some Y adapter)
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | Technically, trumpets are not horns. Horns have conical bores.
         | Brass instruments have a cylindrical bores and a flare at the
         | end. The flare of a brass instrument is mostly for projection.
         | The conical bore of a horn is primarily for timbre.
        
           | jasone wrote:
           | You're right that trumpets have cylindrical bores, but that's
           | not a universal characteristic of brass instruments. For
           | example, cornets and euphoniums have conical bores, yet they
           | are brass instruments; their cylindrical-bore counterparts
           | are trumpets and baritones, respectively.
        
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       (page generated 2023-01-08 23:01 UTC)