[HN Gopher] Rising rent, not poverty, is the real driver of home...
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       Rising rent, not poverty, is the real driver of homelessness
        
       Author : paulpauper
       Score  : 208 points
       Date   : 2023-01-06 17:37 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.kcrw.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.kcrw.com)
        
       | slibhb wrote:
       | When people talk about "homelessness," they're often referring to
       | street people. Most technically homeless people aren't street
       | people, they're between jobs or living in their car or something
       | like that.
       | 
       | It seems clear that lower rent/housing prices would help with
       | homelessness but I don't think it would help street people.
        
         | germinalphrase wrote:
         | To further your point, the U of Chicago recently released a
         | report that around 50 percent of homeless individuals are
         | employed.
        
           | mindover wrote:
           | In the US or in Chicago? I doubt 50% of homeless people in CA
           | are employed... but I could be wrong.
        
         | trynewideas wrote:
         | US HUD segments homeless populations into three dimensions:
         | 
         | - sheltered vs. unsheltered homelessness
         | 
         | - chronic homelessness, where "chronic" is defined as a person
         | with a disability who is "continuously homeless for one year or
         | more, or has experienced at least four episodes of homelessness
         | in the last three years where the combined length of time
         | homeless on those occasions is at least 12 months."
         | 
         | - individuals ("households that were not composed of both
         | adults and children") and families
         | 
         | As of mid-December, the US point-in-time counts of those
         | were:[1]
         | 
         | 233,832 total unsheltered homeless
         | 
         | 348,630 total sheltered homeless
         | 
         | -
         | 
         | 216,495 unsheltered individuals
         | 
         | 204,897 sheltered individuals
         | 
         | -
         | 
         | 78,615 unsheltered chronically homeless individuals
         | 
         | 49,153 sheltered chronically homeless individuals
         | 
         | -
         | 
         | More than half of all counted unsheltered chronically homeless
         | individuals in the United States in December were in California
         | (44,120 of 78,615; 56% of total unsheltered chronically
         | homeless, 7.6% of total US homeless).
         | 
         | 1:
         | https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-...
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | How long do these temporary displaced people stay in that state
         | before eventually becoming "street people" themselves?
        
           | duped wrote:
           | The term "chronically" homeless refers to an individual who
           | has been unhoused for longer than a year.
        
           | trynewideas wrote:
           | https://www.ssph-
           | journal.org/articles/10.3389/ijph.2021.1604...
           | 
           | > Among the 44,197 homeless shelter stays, on average, a
           | homeless shelter stay was about 77 days, with the median 30
           | days, and the maximum of 5,030 days (the entry date started
           | in 2002 for this extreme case). ... 2,872 (~6.5%) homeless
           | shelter stays were just 1 day long, 6,726 homeless shelter
           | stays (~15%) were between 2 days and 5 days, and 34,695
           | homeless shelter stays (78.5%) were 10 days or longer. About
           | 81% of all homeless shelter stays were by clients who have
           | experienced recidivism.
        
         | gremlinsinc wrote:
         | I think if we could just help the out of sorts, hardship cases
         | that are 'newer' homeless, or maybe classified as 'under-
         | housed', which may include couch-surfers, car/van-lifers, etc.
         | I mean there's levels to homelessness some of which is mental
         | health related and such, some people actually maybe could
         | prefer that life for reasons. There's a lot who are forced into
         | it, and are just down on their luck. These should be a much
         | easier subsection to target for at least fixing things a bit.
        
           | throwaway742 wrote:
           | It doesn't help that we are basically doing the opposite. In
           | my experience you pretty much have to already be homeless to
           | get any help. It would be nice if you didn't have to lose
           | everything before you get assistance.
        
       | jklinger410 wrote:
       | High rent is due to lack of space to house people as inflation is
       | due to too much liquidity in the market.
       | 
       | "Everything is made up and the points don't matter!"
        
       | robotnikman wrote:
       | The scariest part imho is the huge housing and apartment owning
       | conglomerates, not the small guy who happens to be renting out a
       | house.
       | 
       | Its the large housing corporations which don't care about
       | difficulties paying rent, and unlike the small guy they have an
       | army of lawyers ready to crush anyone in their way. They also
       | have the money and power to influence local politics in a way
       | that favors them.
        
       | selectodude wrote:
       | I get it. I know a _lot_ of people who cover their rent but
       | losing their jobs would be an immediate severe issue. Housing
       | insecurity is really scary.
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | The real issue is that apartment managers can come after you
         | for the remainder of your lease. You can suddenly be in 10-20k
         | of debt if you need to break your lease early. That's both more
         | accessible and worse than many medical debt horror stories.
        
           | t-writescode wrote:
           | Even without that, you're still easily $2k in the hole and
           | that all on its own is scary - the long-term repercussions of
           | "evil by bureaucracy" are, of course, even worse; but the
           | very beginning is plenty terrible, enough that there doesn't
           | need to be a "real issue" here for it to be bad.
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | If you signed an agreement to pay a certain amount, for a
           | certain number of months, and then you don't do it, the
           | counterparty should be able to come after you.
           | 
           | I understand that some of the people who break leases are
           | experiencing hardship, but others are just breaking their
           | leases because they can -- and a lot more people would do
           | that if it was easier. That would put landlords on the
           | defensive and result in more restrictive lease agreements
           | and/or higher rents to reduce the risk, which would
           | ultimately make things worse for all the renters who really
           | do intend to honor their agreements to the best of their
           | ability.
           | 
           | Also, in many places, landlords are legally obligated to make
           | a good-faith attempt to find replacement tenants before they
           | sue lease-breakers for the remaining rent.
        
             | gpvos wrote:
             | Those kinds of contracts should simply be illegal.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | Why?
        
             | deathanatos wrote:
             | There's "covering risk", and there's tenant lock-in.
             | 
             | I have no problem with requiring a tenant to rent for a
             | year, to prevent quick turnover and the risk and costs
             | associated with that.
             | 
             | But multiple landlords now have all had the same policy:
             | the lease will _never_ go month-to-month, basically. You
             | _can_ , but e.g., for my current lease, it costs ~60%
             | _more_ to go month to month. This creates _bizarre_ pay-off
             | points, and greatly raises the costs of trying to move.
             | When it 's "+$2k/mo to go month-to-month", that's not risk-
             | reduction, that's just greed, trying to make sure I can't
             | move.
             | 
             | IME, it used to be that after you rented for a while (e.g.,
             | a year), the lease went month-to-month. You were a long-
             | term stable renter, and you'd paid enough rent at that
             | point to cover the overheads of finding a new tenant and
             | making the necessary touch-ups to the apartment. (Beyond
             | what was covered by security deposit.)
             | 
             | (I recently had this conversation with my parents recently.
             | The previous generation has _no idea_ about some of the
             | provisions that renters of my generation are having to put
             | up with.)
             | 
             | An average price of $18,000 to break lease on a 3+ year old
             | lease is absurd. We need more housing, to drive competition
             | in the rental & housing markets.
             | 
             | If I ever get to buy a house (... if my landlord doesn't
             | first capture any gains I might get...) the first thing
             | I'll have to do is not get to live in it: the most logical
             | course of action would be to rent it short term, until I
             | can get out of my own lease.
        
               | aorloff wrote:
               | Requiring a full year lease, instead of month-to-month,
               | is the landlords only option under just cause eviction.
               | Otherwise the landlord is essentially a non-party to the
               | lease (the rent board and tenant dictate the future
               | terms).
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | That sounds like something that's true in particular
               | jurisdictions, but probably not nationwide...
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | I was renting until just a few years ago and I never had
               | a lease longer than 12 months, and it was actually
               | difficult to find one longer than that.
               | 
               | I'm not sure where you live, but in a lot of places, a
               | landlord refusing to allow a lease to go month-to-month
               | is illegal.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | In Seattle there are many places that will do leases
               | longer than 12 months e.g. my current lease is 36 months.
               | It may not be the default but if you ask they are often
               | amenable.
        
               | dinosaurdynasty wrote:
               | Making month-to-month 60% more expensive is effectively
               | refusing to allow it to go month-to-month
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Yes it probably varies by location. And if housing supply
               | were more plentiful then landlords could compete on more
               | flexible lease terms as well as actual monthly rent. When
               | housing is scarce they can demand whatever price and
               | terms they want.
               | 
               | When I've lived in areas where housing was not scarce, it
               | was reasonably easy to find apartments that would do
               | month-to-month leases right from the start.
        
               | superfrank wrote:
               | They're not super common, but they are out there. I'm in
               | Seattle and my first lease here was 13 months and second
               | was 14 months. When we were first looking, we probably
               | found 3 out of the 15 places we looked at that were
               | offering up to 15 months. I've actually got friends in
               | this building (https://www.thenoloseattle.com/) on a two
               | year lease and there are plenty of 18 month leases still
               | available on their website right now.
        
               | deathanatos wrote:
               | The term of the lease isn't materially longer than 12
               | months. (Mine actually is >12 mo, but not by a whole
               | lot.) But at the end of the (say) 12 months, you sign the
               | next lease, for another (say) 12 months, or move out.
               | (The rent invariably goes up, at this point.)
               | 
               | It's at those individual lease boundaries that I (rather
               | technically) have the opportunity to go month-to-month,
               | if I want to be bled dry.
               | 
               | My note about it being a 3+ year lease is the total time
               | we've rented, consecutively. That the lease is broken
               | into separate segments by the contract is an
               | implementation detail, when discussing recovering the
               | costs of / managing the risk of short-term tenants. I'm
               | not a short term tenant, after having been here for that
               | long.
               | 
               | > _a landlord refusing to allow a lease to go month-to-
               | month is illegal._
               | 
               | That's news to me! I've never lived in such a place, and
               | boy would that be nice. A cursory Google search indicates
               | that, in my jurisdiction, "allows the landlord or tenant
               | to end a month-to-month lease at any time, as long as
               | they give 30 days' notice". The state I lived in
               | previously is the same.
               | 
               | (This is where the nuance of "what the lease actually
               | says" meets the "how it is implemented".) Technically, my
               | lease becomes month-to-month at the end of its lease
               | period. To my landlord, not signing a new lease would
               | result in (their, legally speaking) 30 days notice to
               | move out. (They've made this somewhat apparent to us in
               | the past, as they tend to not send out the new terms soon
               | enough and then get antsy when they're not signed.) They
               | want the increased rent, and it appears they'll get it
               | from me, or the market.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | > They want the increased rent, and it appears they'll
               | get it from me, or the market.
               | 
               | Is that wrong? Do you think you are entitled to live in
               | someone else's property, at a price below what others in
               | the market would pay, for as long as you like?
               | 
               | There has to be some balance here. Someone is contracting
               | to let you live in their property. If they don't get
               | something out of it, why should they do it? Why would
               | anyone be a landlord? And if nobody wanted to be a
               | landlord, wouldn't it be harder for you to find a place
               | to live in your price range?
        
               | freeone3000 wrote:
               | If nobody wanted to be a landlord, it'd be so much easier
               | to find a place to live -- so many vacancies, so much
               | empty space, so little occupied land...
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | Uh, no, there would be no options other than home
               | ownership or homelessness (or government housing
               | projects, which are only options in certain areas and are
               | always pretty bad).
               | 
               | Rentals don't just exist without landlords to own and
               | maintain them. No apartment buildings would get built if
               | there weren't landlords ready to buy them from the
               | property developers. The existing ones would be left
               | vacant because it would be cheaper than filling them and
               | keeping them habitable.
               | 
               | Every time the government makes it harder to be a
               | landlord, they also make it harder to be a renter. Even
               | well-intentioned programs like rent control always end up
               | impacting the majority of renters negatively.
               | 
               | If you are a renter, the best thing you can do for
               | yourself is to advocate for more housing and more
               | landlords to rent it from. It's supply and demand.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | johnpublic wrote:
       | A friend of mine who recently moved to the US from the UK put it
       | to me like this: "imagine one state says they will pay out
       | benefits without a permanent address. Where do you think the
       | homeless are going to move to?"
        
         | shoo wrote:
         | The "The Obvious Answer to Homelessness" by Jerusalem Demsas,
         | published by The Atlantic (linked in another comment by thamer)
         | argues that this hypothesis is falsified, and can cite
         | research:
         | 
         | > Few Republican-dominated states have had to deal with severe
         | homelessness crises, mainly because superstar cities are
         | concentrated in Democratic states. Some blame profligate
         | welfare programs for blue-city homelessness, claiming that
         | people are moving from other states to take advantage of
         | coastal largesse. But the available evidence points in the
         | opposite direction--in 2022, just 4 percent of homeless people
         | in San Francisco reported having become homeless outside of
         | California. Gregg Colburn and Clayton Aldern found essentially
         | no relationship between places with more generous welfare
         | programs and rates of homelessness. And abundant other research
         | indicates that social-welfare programs reduce homelessness.
        
           | cjwilliams wrote:
           | These self reported studies are not good measures. They need
           | to find out where these people were last employed or
           | attending school.
        
         | throwaway742 wrote:
         | Is there any state where you can't get benefits without a
         | permanent address or am I missing something here?
        
       | jankyxenon wrote:
       | Is street homelessness really driven by people who couldn't pay
       | their rent? You would think they'd stay away from drug-addled
       | violent tent cities - and sleep in a car or at a friend's house.
       | 
       | Too many ideas seem to be conflated with the umbrella term
       | "homeless"
        
         | ajmurmann wrote:
         | To add to that, if rent use too high in SF, becoming homeless
         | in SF isn't your only other option. I know plenty of people who
         | thought rent was too high in SF and they moved to other cities
         | rather than onto the street. Further I hear that in Portland
         | 50% of homeless arrive homeless in the city. Doesn't sound like
         | a high rent issue, but an issue with addiction that or severe
         | mental health issues.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | I see where you're coming from, but if you go to the extreme
         | and anyone could have a private room for $1 a month, would
         | anyone be living on the streets?
        
           | Kaytaro wrote:
           | Yes, that's already the case in some parts of the country
           | with vacant homeless shelters, except they're not even $1.
        
           | jankyxenon wrote:
           | Absolutely yes they would. I know someone in my extended
           | family on the streets - his problem is addiction. Lot's of
           | people are willing to offer a roof.
           | 
           | I know that's anecdata - but you asked about the extreme
           | case.
        
             | jrockway wrote:
             | Is it because buildings refuse to house people with
             | addiction problems, or that the extra $1/month is better
             | used in their mind to get the next dose of the substance?
        
               | jankyxenon wrote:
               | The roof typically comes with the stipulation of no drugs
               | (or even rehab).
               | 
               | That's untenable to the addict.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | Those conditions make the offering quite different from
               | being able to rent your own room inexpensively. One of
               | the facets of having your own place is that you can do
               | whatever you want there, whether it be drugs or whatever.
               | That might not be healthy, and it's quite understandable
               | why family would put conditions on offering a free room,
               | but people do value their autonomy.
        
               | fnimick wrote:
               | The roof also comes with a loss of any sense of personal
               | autonomy and the threat of violence from other people in
               | the shelter.
               | 
               | There's a reason people treat them as a last resort, and
               | it's not drugs. It's that being in a shelter opens you up
               | to abuse.
        
               | mindover wrote:
               | Unlike the street?
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Yes. Some people just want zero responsibilities and living
             | on the street gives them that. Living in housing _always_
             | has conditions.
        
         | HWR_14 wrote:
         | Street homelessness is more visible, but it is smaller in scale
         | than those who are living in their car/on a friend's couch.
        
         | dionidium wrote:
         | It's obviously both. If you're a heroin addict in West Virginia
         | you just rent a trailer with a revolving list of fellow addicts
         | for like $400 month and you beg or steal enough to get by.
         | Plus, you're in a part of town where nobody is really going to
         | notice you.
         | 
         | That doesn't work in San Francisco.
         | 
         | So did the heroin make you homeless or the high prices? It's
         | kind of a silly question. It's both, in some sense.
         | 
         | That's why we see a direct correlation between the cost of rent
         | and homelessness.
        
           | jankyxenon wrote:
           | But my question is - if you can't pay rent in LA, what draws
           | you to set up camp in skid row? Why add that burden of living
           | there on top of everything else you're dealing with?
        
             | halfnormalform wrote:
             | Originally, Skid Row was where the railroad tracks ended.
             | Now it is where the social services providers are
             | clustered.
        
             | dionidium wrote:
             | Well, yeah, which is why the people who say addiction isn't
             | a factor at all are being more than a little silly. Rent is
             | a factor, but drug addicts make poor decisions in a crisis,
             | obviously. And it's no coincidence that addicts have a
             | weaker support system; most of them have spent years
             | wearing it thin by the time they hit rock bottom.
        
         | ck2 wrote:
         | You start with sleeping in your car for "just a little while"
         | until one day the car breaks or you can't renew tag/insurance.
         | 
         | Or your friends get burnt out with the unpaid roommate using
         | resources idea.
         | 
         | Hop skip and jump away from "real" street homelessness.
         | 
         | Been there. Amazed sometimes I made it out because it breaks
         | your brain, just the lack of sleep enough days in a row will
         | make the best minds broken.
        
           | jankyxenon wrote:
           | Awesome to see that you broke out of that. If you don't mine
           | my asking, did you join a street community in a downtown
           | core, or did you use any social services to help?
           | 
           | Did you meet a lot of people in a similar situation to you on
           | the street?
        
       | thamer wrote:
       | The current link points to the website of a radio station that
       | only posted a brief summary of a much longer article from The
       | Atlantic. Maybe the URL in this post should be changed to the
       | original?
       | https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2023/01/homeles...
       | 
       |  _edit:_ actually the original link already has a submission on
       | HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33961543
        
       | braingenious wrote:
       | The wording for this is hilariously bad. "Poverty" isn't the real
       | driver of homelessness so long as you define poverty in a way
       | that it's unrelated to your ability to shelter yourself!
       | 
       | This sort of tired, pointless game of "if you define words
       | differently, sentences have different meanings!" is so oddly
       | popular on here, especially when it comes to housing.
       | 
       | I personally go by the dictionary definition of poverty:
       | 
       |  _1 a : the state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable
       | amount of money or material possessions_
       | 
       | If the landlords in your city use some scummy software (1) to
       | provide cover for them deciding that they should help themselves
       | to 110% of your paycheck and that results in your inability to
       | live indoors, you're functionally impoverished.
       | 
       | 1. https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/26/23479034/doj-
       | investigati...
        
       | readthenotes1 wrote:
       | Needs a [in overpriced cities] tag, like [in mice]
        
       | nickpinkston wrote:
       | There's also a good argument that rent/housing affects more of
       | our broader lives than anything else - often called "The Housing
       | Theory of Everything".
       | 
       | https://www.worksinprogress.co/issue/the-housing-theory-of-e...
       | 
       | If you're interested in helping the housing problem across the
       | US, I encourage you to check out: YIMBY Action who does local
       | activism across the US, and particularly active in SF Bay Area
       | and CA.
       | 
       | https://yimbyaction.org/
       | 
       | Full disclosure, I'm on the board, but I joined because the ROI /
       | growth are both crazy. We have a tiny budget / staff but have a
       | huge impact on the discourse, passing various laws and pushing
       | cities to follow the law to approve housing. We're now at an
       | inflection point and need to scale our model out.
        
         | HDThoreaun wrote:
         | LVT now. Truly the solution to all our economic problems.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nickpinkston wrote:
           | If only!
           | 
           | If you like LVT, you'll love this Twitter account haha:
           | https://twitter.com/yhdistyminen
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | Should check the drug addiction rate among the street dwellers
       | before drawing such conclusions.
       | 
       | In Seattle, 90% are addicted to drugs or alcohol, or are mentally
       | ill.
       | 
       | https://komonews.com/news/local/komo-news-special-seattle-is...
        
         | g_sch wrote:
         | As other commenters have mentioned, people living on the street
         | don't comprise the majority of unhoused people. It does seem
         | like California has a higher overall percentage of "unsheltered
         | unhoused" people among the unhoused. But e.g. here in NYC the
         | vast majority of unhoused people move in and out of the
         | (largely corrupt, poorly maintained, highly restrictive)
         | shelter system, and a only small percentage live on the street
         | or in the subway.
        
         | throwaway742 wrote:
         | That number seems unbelievably high. LAHSA for example found
         | that only 15% of homeless individuals have a substance abuse
         | disorder.
         | 
         | https://www.lahsa.org/documents?id=3422-2019-greater-los-ang...
        
           | garbagecoder wrote:
           | You just missed the distinction. Talk to people who work with
           | "street people" and they will tell you almost all either
           | suffer from mental illness or addiction. This is not the same
           | as people who are housing insecure.
        
             | throwaway742 wrote:
             | Good point I did miss that. They also included mentally ill
             | with substance abuse disorders.
        
       | dano wrote:
       | Building more housing is tossed out as if this is a single
       | dimension economics problem, like widgets in Freshman econ.
       | 
       | Perform a capacity utilization study of all available housing,
       | where Capacity is the number of room days of housing available
       | and utilization is the amount it is actually occupied. Then tag
       | each of these housing units (room) across multiple dimensions
       | including cost, location, house, apartment, condo, etc..
       | 
       | Find out how existing housing is _actually_ being used and how
       | much it is being used. Then adjust the financial incentives to
       | change the usage to what you think it ought to be.
       | 
       | I live in an medium to high cost of living location and the
       | number of underutilized properties due to second homes,
       | opportunistic rentals, and basic investment properties (downtown
       | condos) is substantial.
       | 
       | If someone can point me to a city that has performed a Housing
       | Capacity Utilization study, I'd like to read it.
        
         | woah wrote:
         | What a bizarrely complicated argument to try to refute the most
         | basic law of supply and demand.
         | 
         | Many economists have proven over and over that building more
         | housing means that there are more places for people to live.
         | The burden of proof is on you, since you are the one making
         | outlandish claims.
         | 
         | The number of "underutilized properties" is likely a few
         | percent in your area. "Most condos are empty and owned by
         | foreigners" is a myth perpetuated by NIMBYs and conspiracy
         | theorists.
         | 
         | Even if it was true, the best way to screw over these shadowy
         | foreign empty-building-owning figures would simply be to build
         | more housing so that it's not an artificially scarce investment
         | asset. The value of their investment would plummet and they
         | would have to sell it or take on tenants.
        
       | andrewla wrote:
       | The homeless debate, especially around housing, has become a
       | nightmare of semantic creep and rising metricism [1].
       | 
       | Metricism is the tendency to focus on measurable things; in
       | principle a noble goal, but more often than not you can't
       | actually measure the thing you're interested in, so you measure
       | something similar and then pretend you're measuring the thing you
       | want, and when you're done, you've implemented solutions which
       | reduce your metric but have no effect on the underlying problem.
       | 
       | What is the problem of "homelessness"? Is it transient
       | homelessness, where people, through a run of bad luck or
       | circumstance, find themselves unable to afford housing, but
       | otherwise are functional in society?
       | 
       | Or is the problem the much more visible problem of mentally ill
       | and otherwise unstable individuals wandering the streets and
       | pushing kids on to subway tracks?
       | 
       | The latter is the homeless problem that people care about (I
       | mean, we are human, we care about both, but if I had to choose
       | which one I'd rather fix, as a New Yorker, the latter takes
       | priority). Fixing this problem, though, is incredibly hard --
       | there's the intersection of human rights, involuntary
       | confinement, and the otherwise incredible complexity of managing
       | mental health in a free society.
       | 
       | But this is SOOOOOOO hard to measure! It's much easier to just
       | measure the people who are "unhoused", pretend you're solving the
       | "homeless problem", and show that you can make the numbers go
       | down. The problem being solved by increasing housing and lowering
       | rents is not the problem of people walking down the subway
       | screaming about electricity and knocking cell phones out of
       | people's hands -- he is more than a couple of rent payments away
       | from being okay.
       | 
       | [1] metricism is my own neologism; closest analogy is James C.
       | Scott's "legibility" or Goodhart's "observed statistical
       | regularity" or even the drunk "looking for the keys where the
       | light is good" but I'm more specifically concerned about
       | fetishizing around metrics specifically.
        
         | dudeinjapan wrote:
         | It's far easier to point at imaginary causes for imaginary
         | problems than it is to talk about the real causes of real
         | problems.
        
       | jlmorton wrote:
       | Imagine you're a municipality like San Francisco. You control all
       | of the zoning regulations, and many of the permitting
       | requirements. You have a AA+ credit rating, and even in today's
       | higher rate environment, you can borrow billions of dollars at
       | 6%.
       | 
       | You already own oodles of land. You can build to whatever height
       | you want within reason, because you control the zoning, and you
       | even control many of the ordinances that allow citizens to block
       | development (though certainly not all, like CEQA and NEPA). So
       | you have lots of lands to build on, and what you build is largely
       | in your control.
       | 
       | Construction costs in San Francisco are sky-high, at $440 sq ft.
       | But people will happily pay you $40/sq foot per year for housing,
       | probably for 75 years.
       | 
       | How is this not the easiest decision in the world?
       | 
       | Create a housing development agency, become a permanent
       | developer, and landlord. Never stop building. Put proper
       | incentives in place, so that employees at the agency can partake
       | in the profits, incentivizing them to be efficient. Never stop
       | doing this.
       | 
       | You might not be great at this at first, but fifty years later
       | you will be.
        
         | kupopuffs wrote:
         | Because there's more to governing than the cost/benefit
         | analysis of the business of landlording
         | 
         | More homes means more people means more headaches, without
         | proper planning.
         | 
         | You'll need to build infrastructure and steadily govern your
         | rising population. Not impossible, but definitely more
         | overhead.
         | 
         | And surely all your building will lower the price of housing
         | around the area, thus making you and your fellow rich San
         | Francisco friends, less rich.
        
         | lapama wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | mindover wrote:
         | Right - just build more housing. Forget about failing
         | utilities, packed roads, overwhelmed social services, crowded
         | schools! Just build more skyscrapers and move half of the
         | country to SF so that we can all drown in shit together.
         | 
         | This oversimplification that we just need to build more houses
         | is amusing. SF is a tiny city, stuffing more people here won't
         | resolve many of the problems that already make life here
         | difficult. And no, it won't lower rent by much: SF doesn't
         | exist in a vacuum, more people will move here and will keep
         | rent as high as before.
        
         | aschearer wrote:
         | Theoretically, sure. In reality, people have invested a lot of
         | money in housing and want to preserve that investment. I recall
         | a time in Seattle where the mayor and city council proposed
         | removing most of the zoning restrictions in the city. Within
         | weeks course was reversed[1]. Personally, I think it was a good
         | proposal, but it's hard to convince homeowners to give an inch.
         | While I think that's bad for society, I can't blame people for
         | looking out for one of their largest investments.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/politics/mayor-
         | mur...
        
         | avelis wrote:
         | They would in theory never run out of development projects for
         | 20+ years. Many large cities could fall into this category as
         | well. The pressure to not piss off homeowners is atrocious.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | The city of San Francisco isn't some independent entity. It is
         | made up of people, a lot of whom already own houses and/or
         | don't want higher buildings and more neighbors and/or don't
         | want to be in the business of building and managing housing. If
         | you think about individual incentives rather than what is right
         | and wrong then it makes perfect sense.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Sounds like you're proposing government run high-rise housing
         | projects. Can you name any that are not dangerous, crime-ridden
         | hellholes?
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | Singapore, but only because it targets the middle class and
           | results in ownership. Poorer Singaporeans are in a different
           | system of smaller rentals (still public housing).
        
           | wffurr wrote:
           | Venice
        
           | BirdieNZ wrote:
           | Singapore
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | Singapore.
        
         | iwanttocomment wrote:
         | What a goofy statement.
         | 
         | How much land does San Francisco truly own that isn't already
         | used for an essential purpose? Are you encouraging them to turn
         | the parks or schools into housing? That's not going to make SF
         | an attractive community.
         | 
         | Are you encouraging them to use eminent domain to out existing
         | single-family homeowners? That's really not going to go well.
         | 
         | Assuming that you raze the parks and schools and seize single-
         | family homes to build high-density rentals as you suggest, the
         | average life span in the US is 77 years. Assuming people still
         | leave the house at 18, that's 59 years of renting... if those
         | people choose not to buy elsewhere, given that you've razed the
         | parks and the schools.
         | 
         | I don't think you understand how hamstrung San Francisco is in
         | regards to the amount of available land it could actually
         | develop.
        
         | tinyspacewizard wrote:
         | If you're a benevolent dictator then it's easy and obvious. But
         | there are powerful vested interests and elections to win.
        
           | geodel wrote:
           | This makes me think if I like policies of oppressive
           | politicians they are _benevolent dictators_ if not they are
           | _third world tyrants_
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | This; the landlords will destroy you if you dare to try this.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | Judging from what I've seen of SF politics its much more
             | homeowners, who have far more power, than landlords.
        
               | t-writescode wrote:
               | A landlord is, by definition, a homeowner.
        
               | hyuuu wrote:
               | i think they are completely separate?
               | 
               | landlord: may or may not own a home, but have a property
               | to rent out, may it be a residential or commercial like a
               | warehouse. They may not even own the home they live in,
               | which is surprisingly very typical to cut cost and deploy
               | money in other ways.
               | 
               | homeowner: own the property they reside in.
        
               | dnissley wrote:
               | In this case the commenter is specifically referring to
               | the class of people who own a home they live in.
        
         | dionidium wrote:
         | Yeah, the thing I always say about the people who complain
         | about tech workers and gentrification in a place like San
         | Francisco is like, look, if you can't figure out how to gain
         | from an influx of wealthy, highly-educated, low-criminality,
         | nerdy tech workers, then that's really on you. What a gift! Any
         | city would be lucky to have that "problem." You have to
         | _actively_ work to make that a negative (by, say, refusing to
         | allow almost any new housing for literally decades).
         | 
         | The consequences of that decision are fairly obvious and
         | straightforward and they've by now been explained to everybody
         | 50 times, but this is the path these cities choose anyway! It's
         | their choice and it's what they keep choosing.
         | 
         | Cities like San Francisco have said clearly, firmly, and
         | repeatedly: "we would rather suffer a housing crisis than allow
         | the city to change too rapidly." At this point what else can
         | you say in response?
        
           | danjac wrote:
           | Maybe San Francisco is just not suitable any more? There's
           | nothing magic about SF's geography that makes it a tech hub.
           | It's not a mining town that needs to be next to coal or
           | minerals, or a ski resort town that needs some mountains and
           | snow. It's based on work that can literally be done anywhere.
           | 
           | Hollywood, after all, was just a dusty desert town that
           | became the hub of the movie business because it was easier to
           | move there and start a new one than dealing with Edison's
           | lawyers back East, so maybe the tech industry needs to get
           | out of SF, start a new hub somewhere else, and leave the city
           | to the NIMBYs.
        
             | klipt wrote:
             | Tech hubs grow organically from network effects. It's
             | impossible to move the whole network in one go.
             | 
             | Best you can do is make one network gradually shrink and
             | another one gradually grow somewhere else.
        
               | 0_____0 wrote:
               | Counterpoint: Shenzhen
        
               | carom wrote:
               | Can we just move them to the US in one go? Asking for a
               | friend.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | > There's nothing magic about SF's geography
             | 
             | It includes two of the world's top ten universities,
             | incredible natural beauty there and nearby, excellent
             | weather (locals complain, as locals do, but it's
             | wonderful), and all the resources and people are gathered
             | there. It's hard to imagine the return on investment of
             | moving.
        
               | malandrew wrote:
               | It's easy to imagine it moving. The people doing the work
               | are the ICs (individual contributors), and up until
               | recently, SF was the only place to go to have a top notch
               | career in tech. People sacrificed to live in SF as junior
               | to mid level engineers because eventually they would get
               | to the point where they are a senior engineer and make
               | enough to afford housing. But now the housing has gotten
               | so expensive that even the senior ICs have difficulty
               | justifying sticking around because they are on a
               | treadmill that takes years to save enough for a down
               | payment (as prices keep rising). You need like $400k
               | saved to buy in SF and you'll still end up with a
               | $6000/mo mortgage. You have to be a couple. Enough have
               | figured this is a raw deal and have fled to other places
               | like Seattle and Austin. So many in fact that you can now
               | have just as promising a career today as someone could
               | only get in SF 10-20 years ago. Eventually SF will find
               | it hard to attract new ICs to the area and you'll end up
               | with an aging cohort of mid level managers, directors and
               | staff level engineers that have fewer and fewer people to
               | manage.
               | 
               | Companies won't keep increasing total comp for junior
               | engineers in SF when they can grow their offices in other
               | cheaper cities instead.
               | 
               | You need a robust pipeline of junior folks and SF is
               | increasingly strangling that pipeline and other cheaper
               | cities are as attractive as SF once was.
        
               | georgeecollins wrote:
               | It's also a place that is relatively welcoming to people
               | from almost any part of the world. It's not perfect (no
               | where is) but there a lot of places in the US where if
               | you came from another continent or practiced an unusual
               | religion you would feel more uncomfortable then you would
               | in SF. That's a quality it has possessed for decades, for
               | historical reasons.
        
               | avmich wrote:
               | I can think about Stanford as the first one... the other
               | one is probably Berkeley. I'm quite surprised they both
               | are in world's top ten universities - actually, skeptical
               | about that. "Incredible natural beauty" is not only at
               | least somewhat subjective, but definitely is not
               | exclusive to SF. Weather is good, but even Honolulu and
               | Miami would argue, not to mention quite a few other
               | places, even if they are minority overall - so the
               | weather is not that unique.
               | 
               | People - yes, currently the state of the people is well
               | tuned in favor of SF (SFBA). But the question still
               | remains.
        
               | twelve40 wrote:
               | no need to be skeptical, it's just one search away:
               | https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-
               | universities/ra...
               | 
               | You may even ignore this particular ranking, but it
               | really doesn't matter, because neither Honolulu nor
               | Miami, with all due respect, have anything close to
               | either school, let alone both (or half a dozen of UC's in
               | driving distance)
               | 
               | Also, very subjective, but I can't bear the humidity in
               | FL and HI for more than a week, so saying it's all
               | similarly good weather in all those places doesn't make
               | sense to me.
               | 
               | But really, it's a _combination_ of all of these things
               | in one place.
        
               | avmich wrote:
               | Combination is good, agree. For separate points, the
               | argument stands.
               | 
               | And the combination is likely the product of people,
               | gradually accumulated in the area. So, yes, the
               | intellectual potential is great. But that could be moved
               | some hundreds miles away relatively easily, or at least
               | replicated to a high degree - partially because of the
               | sad situation with housing.
        
             | dasil003 wrote:
             | This is a questionable take on two levels.
             | 
             | First, yes, yes there is something magic about SF's
             | geography, it's the closest major city to the largest VC
             | hub in the world. These companies thrive on young talent
             | that prefers to live in a city. It's not dissimilar to the
             | gold rush 170 years ago when you think about it.
             | 
             | Second, what do you mean "San Francisco is just not
             | suitable any more"? The tech companies and their employees
             | are the least impacted by rising housing costs. By and
             | large they are doing alright, so what is their incentive to
             | uproot everything and randomly go roll the dice somewhere
             | else which would A) not have a critical mass of VC in their
             | backyard and B) will offer no guarantee of not reacting
             | exactly the same as SF.
             | 
             | Keep in mind, 20 years ago there was barely any tech in San
             | Francisco proper. Sure there tech employees who chose to
             | live there and suffer the commute to the peninsula, as is
             | their prerogative being free individuals residing in the
             | US. The reason tech moved in was because SF offered tax
             | breaks--they wanted their piece of the tax revenue and
             | daily spending from well-to-do tech workers. If the city
             | really felt tech being there was the problem they have a
             | lot of levers (eg. raise taxes, zoning changes, etc) to
             | push it out. Of course they don't want to do that because
             | it would cause far more economic harm than good. NIMBYs are
             | of course willing to entertain the charade of successful
             | tech companies as the scapegoat because it keeps their home
             | values sky high while deflecting to the amorphous "tech
             | companies", who in fact they have zero control over policy
             | and at best marginal interest in addressing the issue at
             | all.
        
               | c7b wrote:
               | Both tech and VC are vastly more mobile than anything to
               | do with the gold rush or even other 'technology' sectors
               | with heavy physical assets, it's purely a coordination
               | game.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | _it 's the closest major city to the largest VC hub_
               | 
               | San Jose has entered the room. San Francisco is cute and
               | that's why people like it and ignore San Jose.
        
               | twelve40 wrote:
               | haha fair enough, closest cute major city : ) As a
               | longtime South Bay resident, it's super-boring down here
               | and actually many of the same problems, expensive and
               | lots of homeless.
               | 
               | But all of that is beside the point. The real interesting
               | question is whether the companies will yank the leash
               | Musk-style and have everyone come back here, or not.
               | There is a lot of hype in both directions, but I'd say
               | that debate is not settled yet.
        
               | WesternWind wrote:
               | Just FYI, San Jose is bigger than San Francisco in terms
               | of population and square miles.
               | 
               | That's not to say that SF might not be more of a major
               | city than SJ, in fact I would say that personally I think
               | it is in terms of culture and history and social impact,
               | but it's at least debatable.
        
               | twelve40 wrote:
               | I think SJ vs SF distinction is not very material to this
               | thread. The OG Silicon Valley of HP and Fairchild
               | Semiconductor fame liked to build corporate campuses
               | around Stanford on cheap (at the time) land. 90's Yahoo,
               | Doubleclick, Google followed suit. In the late 2000's, a
               | new wave of startups like Twitter figured they don't have
               | to stick to corporate code and just move up to a more fun
               | city up north, combined with some tax breaks from SF
               | specifically. How does it matter? It's the same area (i
               | drive up and down every day) with much the same problems.
        
             | germinalphrase wrote:
             | "Hollywood, after all, was just a dusty desert town that
             | became the hub of the movie business because it was easier
             | to move there and start a new one than dealing with
             | Edison's lawyers back East..."
             | 
             | Yes, but also no. Keep in mind the popularity of Westerns
             | in the 1930's-1950's and the ease with which you can get to
             | desert/mountain/beach/city/forest/etc settings within a
             | relatively short drive from L.A.
             | 
             | That said, I generally agree with your point.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | And sunshine. Sunshine helps when you're shooting
               | outdoors. Southern California has more sunny days than
               | the east.
        
               | dasil003 wrote:
               | And a bit of haze helps the aesthetic as well.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | After all, the Battle of the Bulge did take place in the
               | California desert. Medieval England looks like
               | California, too. Even the alien worlds of Star Trek look
               | suspiciously like California.
        
             | malandrew wrote:
             | Hollywood also had more days of great weather than anywhere
             | else and this was especially important for maintaining
             | production schedules.
        
           | gremlinsinc wrote:
           | I can't imagine any place will be much of a 'joy' to live in,
           | if there's no barista's, waiters, etc who can afford to live
           | within a 2 hour radius.
           | 
           | I mean, if you want a 'servant' class, then you need to at
           | least make it worth their while and ability to thrive.
           | Everyone wants to be able to go to Olive Garden, or
           | McDonald's but there won't be these places if people can't
           | afford to live there.
           | 
           | There will always be lesser jobs, but not if nobody can live
           | for the wage given to them. The only answer is more housing,
           | and/or higher wages. Probably both, but esp more housing.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > if you can't figure out how to gain from an influx of
           | wealthy, highly-educated, low-criminality, nerdy tech
           | workers, then that's really on you. What a gift!
           | 
           | Those tech workers, once they move, are not customers, they
           | are the city. It's their city as much as anyone's, any
           | failures or successes are theirs; what have they done?
        
             | lelandbatey wrote:
             | New arrivals to a city, no matter their socioeconomic
             | status, in the aggregate, have less influence than folks
             | who are long established in the city. It's a human thing.
        
             | adasdasdas wrote:
             | They made it easier/more profitable to develop land by
             | driving prices up
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _what have they done?_
             | 
             | This should be easy to answer once the city starts cutting
             | its budget.
        
           | fnimick wrote:
           | > the people who complain about tech workers and
           | gentrification in a place like San Francisco
           | 
           | The people who are complaining about this are not the same
           | people who are restricting housing access.
           | 
           | A similar dynamic happens in Boston, where people are
           | resentful of gentrifiers, and I can't blame them. They're not
           | the ones voting to block housing, it's the already rich
           | people in the area who do that.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | People are of two minds: on the one hand they complain of
             | "middle class flight" decimating the tax base. on the other
             | hand they complain when the middle class "gentrify" a
             | neighborhood.
             | 
             | The Mission is probably a decent example. It used to be
             | more or less like Noe Valley many decades back. Then people
             | moved out and was settled by people looking for
             | affordability --then decades later, as housing in Noe
             | Valley etc., was exhausted the Mission was "gentrified" in
             | a slow cycle and people again complain.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | > The people who are complaining about this are not the
             | same people who are restricting housing access.
             | 
             | The majority of them think that YIMBY is useless or
             | counterproductive because only luxury apartments are being
             | built. There have even been protests against this [1]. The
             | main problem is that most housing advocacy is focused on
             | taxing tech workers and using that to subsidize rents,
             | which of course does nothing for housing costs, but does
             | help landlords.
             | 
             | [1] https://sf.curbed.com/2019/8/7/20759029/excelsior-
             | protest-65...
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | When building is made a luxury, only luxuries get built.
               | _Quelle surprise_! And this is supposed to be an argument
               | _against_ YIMBY?
        
             | xxpor wrote:
             | No, it's both. There's an unholy alliance between the two.
        
               | fnimick wrote:
               | Why would renters want property values (and therefore
               | rents) to go up due to a lack of supply?
        
               | raincom wrote:
               | People who live in rent-controlled apartments seem to be
               | against gentrification, as they end up losing their rent-
               | controlled apartments for new construction.
        
               | jonas21 wrote:
               | They don't. But getting people to understand supply and
               | demand is hard. Getting them to blame visible changes in
               | the neighborhood (e.g. fancy new apartment buildings
               | going up) is easy.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | Yes, they are. What do you think "anti-gentrification
             | activism" boils down to, in practice? Build more and drive
             | prices down? Of course not, the activists will conveniently
             | tell you that this makes gentrification _worse_! Which
             | totally defies economic logic: there 's only so much demand
             | in the world for places like Manhattan!
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | > Which totally defies economic logic: there's only so
               | much demand in the world for places like Manhattan!
               | 
               | How much demand "in the world" to live in Manhattan do
               | you think there is?
               | 
               | The more the price drops, of course, the demand will go
               | up. So how much "in the world" at both current prices and
               | also if, say, prices went down by 5%? 10%? 50%? 75%? I
               | think there's enough currently-unmet demand to keep the
               | prices from falling far even if you add supply.
               | 
               | (You can also increase demand _by_ building. This is the
               | goal of every property developer ever, after all. To make
               | it worth more than it was when they found it.)
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | The effective demand for places like Manhattan comes from
               | the highly productive economic activity that can be
               | pursued in such places. So if the demand for places like
               | Manhattan (or Tokyo, Seoul, Shanghai etc.) really was
               | that boundless, that would be plenty of reason to build
               | as many of them as possible and speed towards that post-
               | scarcity techno-utopia.
               | 
               | (But the ghost cities of China actually show how this can
               | go wrong. So, as it turns out, you can only YIMBY so
               | much.)
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | I don't think the demand is literally boundless, but I
               | think the idea that we could _easily_ outpace demand with
               | construction to dramatically increase affordability is
               | wildly optimistic.
               | 
               | I'd rather build new Dallases, or denser Dallases, than
               | try to double the density of Manhattan, because it will
               | both be easier to find/acquire un-utilized land to use,
               | and because the amount of work required to double the
               | density of Manhattan is much more intense, construction-
               | wise.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Of course density should be pursued wherever it's
               | cheapest to do so. The point of thinking about the
               | Manhattan case is that this is the natural endpoint of
               | any sort of "more housing and higher density always leads
               | to higher prices" argument. It clarifies to what extent
               | that argument can possibly work, as a matter of basic
               | logic.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | As far as I can tell, the Manhattan case tells us that we
               | aren't even close to the "building more will cause prices
               | to fall" point anywhere in the US. And because of that,
               | _building more where it 's cheaper_ is a better strategy
               | for controlling costs than _building more where it 's
               | already expensive_.
               | 
               | Manhattan was brought up to mock the idea that
               | construction could make prices worse for existing
               | residents, I don't think it shows that at all.
               | 
               | Is it any wonder that "you're dumb, building more will
               | lower prices" hasn't been a persuasive argument to people
               | who've seen construction push up prices around them for
               | decades _without_ the promised lowering of prices yet?
               | That 's just asking for a leap of faith that this time
               | will be different, we'll hit the magic tipping point,
               | without any actual evidence for that.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | "Expensive" city centers in the U.S. have comparable
               | density to bog-standard suburban towns in the rest of the
               | developed world. By all indications, we're nowhere near
               | the "tipping point" where trying to increase density
               | there would physically be so costly as to be
               | unsustainable. That's something NYC can perhaps
               | legitimately worry about, but I'm not sure how that could
               | apply to other high-demand places in the U.S.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | The tipping point of concern for the anti-gentrification
               | crowd isn't "is it profitable to upzone", it's "will
               | upzoning make things cheaper" and those are VERY
               | different questions.
               | 
               | But just going on the numbers for the former question,
               | the "expensive" city centers in the US generally start
               | with Manhattan, Brooklyn, SF, and whatever you'd call
               | "center" of LA. And they don't seem that far behind a lot
               | of the rest of the developed world...
               | 
               | Manhattan is >70k/sqmile.
               | 
               | Brooklyn is 37k/sqmile.
               | 
               | SF is ~19k/sqmile.
               | 
               | LA is 8k/sqmile.
               | 
               | So what are the "bog-standard suburban towns" you think
               | they're comparable to?
               | 
               | I can't think of many, and my searching isn't turning
               | many up. Milan appears to be 20k/sqmile while Rome is
               | 6k/sqmile. And those aren't "bog standard suburbs" like a
               | Marietta, Georgia; those are central cities! Let's go
               | bigger and even more central - London is 15k/sqmile,
               | Paris is 53k/sqmile. Tokyo is ~17k (and larger, more like
               | a double-size LA, there), but not overall denser than the
               | US's expensive city centers. Manchester, in the UK, is
               | 5450/sqmile. Stuttgart is 7,800/sqmile.
               | 
               | Manchester is apparently comparable to San Jose! So
               | again, seems like the way to fix is it to focus on the
               | places further down the list, like an Austin, TX, at
               | 3k/sqmile.
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | > How much demand "in the world" to live in Manhattan do
               | you think there is?
               | 
               | Probably somewhere between 4-5 billion people I'd guess.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > You can also increase demand by building
               | 
               | The solution to high housing prices, obviously, is to
               | demolish whole blocks of housing.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | Obviously the extremes are stupid, but hey...
               | 
               | Think about it - that works just as well if you take it
               | to the extreme as "rebuild the entire city denser" - once
               | you knock down the entire city, that land is gonna be
               | worth a lot less.
               | 
               | And the demolition approach has the advantage of costing
               | less than rebuilding everything after you demo it!
               | 
               | It's also a good way to _force_ demand to move around,
               | right?! Hell, if you demolished Manhattan and everyone
               | there moved to other cities in the US, I wonder if the
               | average rent and /or mortgage payments of the displaced
               | people would go down...
        
               | pwinnski wrote:
               | Who knows? Pretty easily 40 million like Tokyo has, and
               | that would already be more than double the current
               | population. Possibly much more.
               | 
               | There are a lot of people held back by nothing but cost,
               | so dropping prices would increase demand. There are also
               | people held back by other factors, but some of those
               | would also likely be relieved by building more housing.
        
           | luckylion wrote:
           | Especially for a city that is explicitly progressive, why the
           | "all rapid change is bad, it must take decades or centuries,
           | otherwise it's not natural" approach?
           | 
           | Germany's large cities have similar issues where they don't
           | want to start building new districts because it'd be
           | artificial and not naturally grown building by building. And
           | it's better to have rents double every 10 years, apparently.
           | 
           | I don't get the "why", but the approach is fairly explicit --
           | and politicians get reelected while following it, so I guess
           | it's what "the people" want.
        
             | bradlys wrote:
             | Well - to be more clear - SF is socially progressive. It is
             | incredibly fiscally conservative. It is part of Silicon
             | Valley - a neoliberal paradise.
             | 
             | The whole area is incredibly classically liberal and not
             | socialist leaning at all... After all - becoming a tycoon
             | is everyone's wet dream there.
        
               | klipt wrote:
               | > SF is socially progressive. It is incredibly fiscally
               | conservative
               | 
               | Wouldn't "fiscally conservative" mean low taxes and low
               | spending?
               | 
               | I believe SF spends about $57,000 annually per homeless
               | person which doesn't sound very fiscally conservative.
               | 
               | Of course a lot of that money goes missing while being
               | funneled through the homeless industrial complex...
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | > low taxes and low spending?
               | 
               | Almost no one in power in the USA is actually low taxes
               | and low spending. Maybe a few libertarians scattered
               | throughout the country that managed to get a seat but
               | they're a very small minority.
               | 
               | Everyone is all about high taxes and high spending. It's
               | just "high taxes for thee but not for me". So, for
               | instance, republicans will repeal taxes on the rich and
               | large corporations even when we already tax the middle
               | class W2 earners more than the rich already. Similarly,
               | republicans are huge for the MIC. So much for being
               | fiscally conservative when they want to spend literally
               | hundreds of billions of dollars on a stupid boondoggle
               | airplane that no one gives a shit about.
               | 
               | Democrats have the same issues. They also have a hardon
               | for the MIC and spending on stupid shit. The dems in SF
               | will spend it on stupid trashcans or whatever nonsense
               | that doesn't move the bar at all.
               | 
               | They will tax the hell out of the working class and spend
               | the money on shit that doesn't improve the material
               | conditions of everyday people. It's why we can't have
               | healthcare. Both parties have no interest because that
               | doesn't make their lobbyists money.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _no one in power in the USA is actually low taxes and
               | low spending_
               | 
               | Wyoming says hello.
        
             | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
             | Quickly throwing up cheap mass housing without also
             | organically growing the services and rest of the community
             | is how you get food deserts and ghettos though. I'm not
             | saying it shouldn't be done, just pointing out where it's
             | gone wrong in the past and why people may be hesitant to
             | try again.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | Food deserts are the result of theft driving away low
               | margin businesses that don't want to absorb the hit.
        
               | hellotomyrars wrote:
               | Food deserts are not the result of theft. Food deserts
               | exist outside of SF or other cities that are accused of
               | being so soft on crime and all crime is legal. Food
               | deserts are incredibly common in rural areas, especially
               | as a result of their non-density. But hell, when I lived
               | in Jacksonville( which is a consolidated city-county) I
               | was 10+ miles from any grocery store. North side has
               | developed a lot since I left and that is no longer true
               | but in many rural areas the only places opening up are
               | dollar generals which are taking advantage of the
               | economics of whatever local grocery store is charging and
               | offering an alternative to driving 30+ miles to the
               | nearest Walmart. A sad state of affairs.
               | 
               | I live in Pacific County WA and it is an economically
               | depressed area with an outsized cost of living. Groceries
               | are absurdly expensive relative to the average income in
               | the area and you could probably get the same groceries
               | for half th price by driving to where the closest Walmart
               | is( which is 30 or so miles from where I live.
        
               | pwinnski wrote:
               | This is a popular trope, but companies have already begun
               | walking back their claims of rampant theft[0].
               | 
               | There are increased profits when building in more
               | prosperous areas, so one might understand why companies
               | choose to do so given limited resources. But lower
               | profits in inner cities are not always about theft so
               | much as a lack of cash.
               | 
               | 0. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/walgreens-may-have-
               | cried-t...
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | That isn't what the article says. It says Walgreens is
               | walking back their anti-theft measures because it's
               | costly and ineffective and the customers don't like them.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | The article doesn't support your claim. What it supports
               | is the idea that for Walgreens as a whole, shrinkage
               | isn't a make-or-break issue. It says nothing about
               | whether Walgreens will choose to place or keep a store at
               | a high-theft location or whether a mom-and-pop store can
               | survive in the same.
               | 
               | The grocery business is famous for having very thin
               | margins, so anything that cuts in will necessarily cause
               | fewer options for the people of that area. Academic
               | studies have generally shown that this is in fact not a
               | trope but fact.
        
               | jorvi wrote:
               | That is how things happen in the US. In most North-
               | Western European countries, city planning and zoning is
               | taken very seriously.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Not so, there are blighted areas even in places like
               | London.
        
               | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
               | Don't the suburbs/banlieues of Paris have quite the
               | reputation as well?
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | "Food deserts and ghettos" are also the outcome of
               | broader housing scarcity and lack of amenities. Where the
               | only cheap areas around are those that have become cheap
               | merely by virtue of being terrible to live in, and are
               | since stuck in that vicious cycle.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | It doesn't have to be "plan & build it within 12 months,
               | and don't worry about anything but apartment buildings".
               | It's not a new problem, it's been a constant topic (here,
               | in Germany) for at least 15 years, with every year ending
               | with "we have 2000 new apartments, but we need 20000 a
               | year to keep up with demand". And city planners put their
               | hands into their pockets and say "well, you can't rush
               | these things..."
               | 
               | What will come first: commercial cold fusion energy or a
               | return to actually building housing in Western cities?
        
               | glass3 wrote:
               | Neither. Why would significant further growth happen in
               | Western (European) cities if cheap solar energy and space
               | is available in North Africa?
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | It's really the opposite, they wanted to gain too much from
           | it.
           | 
           | If your city wants to keep it's style of residential density,
           | fine, limit commercial growth, stop adding jobs to the city
           | if you won't add housing to match it. And that would be fine,
           | plenty of other places would benefit from spreading the tech
           | wealth around.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | > if you can't figure out how to gain from an influx of
           | wealthy, highly-educated, low-criminality, nerdy tech
           | workers, then that's really on you
           | 
           | Oh, people are gaining from them. It's just that the people
           | gaining are generally the people who already have political
           | power.
           | 
           | Someone who owns their home doesn't mind seeing land values
           | quadruple, thanks to this influx of free tech money.
           | 
           | Someone who is renting, so that they can save up money for a
           | downpayment, whose service industry wages have _not_
           | quadrupled in that period of time minds very, very much.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | > Imagine you're a municipality like San Francisco.
         | 
         | I couldn't get past this because the analogy breaks down
         | already. SF as a polity is not controlled by one person or
         | single department. The power is highly decentralized (the Board
         | of Supervisors hold most of the keys).
         | 
         | Thus, even if you have someone who can make sweeping changes,
         | likelihood is they'd never get elected in such a setup (or if
         | they do, be able to effect change).
        
           | AaronM wrote:
           | Even if they could make sweeping changes, the local
           | homeowners would drag those new developments to court for 25
           | years
        
             | novok wrote:
             | The BoS & electorate create laws, bureaucracies, structures
             | and courts that would create those 25 year court cases in
             | the first place. The properly allocated elected set of
             | judges, supervisors, mayor and DAs can make most of those
             | disappear in the first place by changing the law, how the
             | government runs and how the courts run and rule on cases,
             | complete with prioritizing court cases for the few they
             | don't have a choice in getting rid of to make them get
             | through the system quickly.
        
         | samman wrote:
         | Another factor to consider is that there may also be
         | significant infrastructure upgrades required to support the
         | increase in population, and costs might increase dramatically
         | when you consider increased water usage in an already drought
         | stricken region.
        
         | tick_tock_tick wrote:
         | The city government doesn't want to solve the issue.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | That means the citizens don't want to solve it.
        
         | Tiktaalik wrote:
         | > How is this not the easiest decision in the world?
         | 
         | Unfortunately wealthy established homeowners don't want more
         | people to near to them so they vote against any and all change.
         | 
         | Welp!
         | 
         | This is why higher orders of government need to step in to
         | "force" municipalities to enact some of these sorts of policy
         | changes you describe. This gives the local municipalities cover
         | to enact the good policies that the selfish rich would kill at
         | the ballot box.
        
           | ROTMetro wrote:
           | No, just average people, who built the community over time
           | into something desirable, that were promised with zoning laws
           | that it would be the type of community (single family homes,
           | etc) that they wanted, and that then dedicated the majority
           | of their lifetime earning power to purchase a home there.
           | 
           | There are how many acres of land in this country? Why do you
           | have a right to overrule the will of people in one
           | comparatively small community to force that community to be
           | something else, in the name of affordable housing, when there
           | is so much land available elsewhere? You want it, build it,
           | commit your life to it, like they did in paying so much of
           | their lifetime income into their family home. If we were a
           | tiny island country you might have an argument, but there is
           | soooo much land in this country, arbitrarily picking one
           | small area because that is where you want to be is not a
           | right.
        
             | thebradbain wrote:
             | No one in San Francisco today built it to what it is. That
             | city hasn't changed in any substantial way since before
             | 1960.
             | 
             | It's long been coasting off its past success.
        
               | kansface wrote:
               | I'd say removing the interstate from the Embarcadero and
               | Hayes Valley is a substantial improvement, but your point
               | still stands. That was politically unpopular and required
               | a major earthquake.
        
             | CogitoCogito wrote:
             | > No, just average people, who built the community over
             | time into something desirable, that were promised with
             | zoning laws that it would be the type of community (single
             | family homes, etc) that they wanted, and that then
             | dedicated the majority of their lifetime earning power to
             | purchase a home there.
             | 
             | No one was promised that the zoning laws wouldn't someday
             | change.
             | 
             | Maybe what's really needed is a complete repeal of
             | proposition 13. If homeowners want to block local
             | development leading to increasing housing costs, they can
             | at least pay for it in their taxes.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | You are welcome to put a repeal of Proposition 13 on the
               | next ballot. All it takes is a $2000 fee and some signed
               | petitions. https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/ballot-
               | measures/how-qualify...
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | Frankly that's a waste of time. People are are all too
               | happy not paying their fair share of taxes and will fight
               | hard to preserve that inequity. The clearly correct
               | approach is for the state to continue its current path of
               | overruling local zoning ordinances and to allow increases
               | in density against the will of local homeowners.
        
               | celestialcheese wrote:
               | Categorizing 575k signatures as just "some signed
               | petitions" is some unreal minimization of the cost and
               | difficulty to get this done.
               | 
               | 2022 ballot measures "Cost per required signature" was
               | $16.18. [1]. Between $6.4m -> $18.8m to get a prop on the
               | ballot.
               | 
               | 1 - https://ballotpedia.org/California_ballot_initiative_
               | petitio...
        
             | woah wrote:
             | This is the problem with promoting a highly illiquid and
             | undiversified asset, bought with extreme government-backed
             | leverage, as an ideal savings and investment strategy for
             | people who don't know any better.
        
             | Joeri wrote:
             | You don't even need to build, there's plenty of cheap
             | already built housing in places like detroit. Ask yourself:
             | why do people prefer to live in san francisco so much more
             | than detroit? It has nothing to do with the housing market.
             | Solving the housing problem might not need to involve
             | housing policies at all, just creating reasons for people
             | to want to look for housing in other places.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | Seems fine, paired with limitations that they can't sell
             | the places for more than they bought them for, nor can they
             | charge rent over $100/mo.
             | 
             | If you're trying to keep it the same, keep it the same
        
               | mikem170 wrote:
               | Existing homeowners would prefer to profit from a vibrant
               | dynamic and growing community, they just need to screw
               | over all the newcomers bringing that growth, those people
               | who need new housing, by not allowing new housing, which
               | drives up their property values.
               | 
               | They don't block job creation, which attracts people,
               | they just block new housing. And then complain about the
               | homeless.
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | > Unfortunately wealthy established homeowners don't want
           | more people to near to them so they vote against any and all
           | change.
           | 
           | Sometimes poor established renters _also_ don 't want change.
           | 
           | In the 20th century a lot of cities grew practically 'out of
           | nowhere'. Why has that stopped? That's a _great_ pressure
           | relief valve and gets new buyers /renters out of a vicious
           | feedback loop caused by the tendency of already cash-or-
           | property-rich people to concentrate resources.
           | 
           | "The opportunity/jobs are there" is historically the answer,
           | for millennia of cities. But does it have to be that forever?
           | In the 20th century US, there were a lot of explicit
           | government interventions and such that caused things like the
           | defense industry to sprawl across countless different states
           | and counterbalance it. What would that look like in a
           | post-2020 world?
        
             | krainboltgreene wrote:
             | > Sometimes poor established renters also don't want
             | change.
             | 
             | The way this is framed is so insidious. The "change" that
             | "poor established renters" don't want is more expensive
             | housing that _they can 't afford_ that will incentivize
             | their _current landlords_ to _raise the rent_ on the
             | properties they have and also change the local businesses
             | to also raise prices.
             | 
             | It's not the same change.
        
             | novok wrote:
             | Cities out of nowhere do exist in function in the USA,
             | there are plenty of cities where people can buy for cheap.
             | New settlements get started due to something unique about
             | the place, be it ports, resources, trade route nexuses, and
             | so on. The USA was a frontier and thus these cities were
             | established. You'll notice in western europe you don't see
             | many new towns either for 100s of years, because it's
             | frontier was settled long time ago.
             | 
             | People want to live in SF because of the effective social
             | networks that develop there and access to it's labor
             | market. Cities are essentially representations of different
             | labor markets, and labor markets in specific places develop
             | because there is something unique about the place, or they
             | seed crystal into a form of 'labor black hole' as a new
             | industry develops.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | Sure, but we explicitly tried to counter those forces in
               | the US, including through government policy to build
               | industry in areas where it wasn't before.
               | 
               | Moving the defense industry to be less-concentrated in
               | Los Angeles was deliberate and wasn't moving to
               | "frontier" towns. It was moving to towns that were
               | created for one purpose but had been somewhat "skipped
               | over" after that in favor of the biggest cities.
               | 
               | I think it's probably worth trying to incentivize that
               | more today. It still happens organically some (big
               | companies moving HQs out of expensive areas, for
               | instance), but probably could stand to happen more.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | I'm a big fan of the German style of federalization,
               | where federal agencies are spread out around the nation,
               | instead of all being headquartered in one federal
               | capital. The Ministry of Defence is headquartered in
               | Bonn; the BfV in Cologne; the Bundespolizei in Potsdam.
               | 
               | There's no reason why we can't do the same in the US, and
               | have the USDA be headquartered in Kansas City, the
               | Treasury in New York, the DOT in Indiana, and Interior in
               | Colorado. It would be a material step towards "draining
               | the swamp".
        
           | orangecat wrote:
           | _Unfortunately wealthy established homeowners don 't want
           | more people to near to them so they vote against any and all
           | change._
           | 
           | Yes, combined with useful idiot "anti-gentrification"
           | activists who have convinced themselves that the concept of
           | supply and demand is a capitalist myth.
        
             | jmoak3 wrote:
             | Useful idiot is a great term for this.
             | 
             | It's ironic that the same people who want to prevent
             | gentrification are the actual "bootlickers" after all. I
             | ended up leaving San Francisco over this sort of stuff to
             | go to my hometown with a cheaper cost of living.
             | 
             | Here in Louisville, we have fewer things going on than most
             | metros. Yet every time a new apartment complex comes up a
             | good amount of people scream bloody murder that it will
             | raise rents unless 30% of it is marked "below market rate".
             | This causes developers to spend their time building
             | elsewhere, so that new options don't emerge to drive down
             | rents. The city is objectively less wealthy than most other
             | metros in the USA.
             | 
             | Nobody has ever said "stop farming, all that food is
             | allowing more people to live, and now food is more
             | expensive", yet they will repeat it time and time again
             | with housing. Instead they correctly think, "farm more, if
             | we get more people on Earth they can help us farm even more
             | food. Also we can finally have enough people to have
             | doctors."
             | 
             | Funny enough my state has 80% of the doctors per capita
             | that California has, and 60% of the doctors per capita that
             | New York has[1].
             | 
             | It's very frustrating to see people here fighting to stunt
             | growth, and force their own young out to nearby cities with
             | more open minds that let people make choices. For example,
             | the state is debating between prioritizing poorly allocated
             | pensions and lowering our tax rate. We're currently
             | committed to lowering the income tax from 5% to 0% over 10
             | years but it's continually framed as theft to benefit the
             | wealthy by opponents. Meanwhile Tennessee and Texas
             | continue to have a 0% income tax and take our children and
             | new businesses. The limited job market + wages and new
             | business formations here reflect this. Everyone thinks of
             | Kentucky as a poor state - people don't know we have one of
             | the higher tax rates as well.
             | 
             | The only thing these anti-growthers are accomplishing is
             | making sure the same elites who made these people's lives
             | meek stay relatively powerful by upholding the very
             | structures that enrich the elites. Maybe the elites are the
             | ones driving the conversation?
             | 
             | I know I'm soapboxing here but wealth, a clean environment,
             | ample jobs, and the ability for your own children to make a
             | living in your region is as much a choice as anything else
             | in this life. I'm thankful that San Francisco chose to let
             | jobs develop there, but sad they chose not to allow me to
             | settle there. I proudly work remotely for a CA company, and
             | hope other states can copy the choices CA made to allow
             | businesses and workers to flourish, and learn from their
             | mistakes which are currently sending them away.
             | 
             | If you choose to stop chaining your neighbor good things
             | will flow.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/workforce/this-
             | state-h...
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | It's a very common mindset -- one of wealth being zero-
               | sum. If you believe that for whatever reason, it's very
               | easy to be against growth, because you think growth will
               | come out of your own pockets.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Wealth is not utility. There are very strong reasons to
               | think that the greater the level of _absolute_ wealth,
               | the greater the impact of relative condition vs. absolute
               | condition is on what people actually experience, and that
               | therefore, as the overall level of wealth increases,
               | growth with poor distributional features goes from being
               | beneficial (yes, some people are getting much richer, but
               | a large mass of people are going from starving to less
               | starving) to neutral to a net negative in social terms as
               | the baseline moves up.
               | 
               | Now, of course, the _best_ solution, if and to the extent
               | possible, is to keep the growth and lose the
               | distributional problems, rather than the other way
               | around.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | laidoffamazon wrote:
             | I've just become negatively polarized into supporting
             | gentrification at this point. Seems like the alternative is
             | crime ridden, blighted cities without amenities.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Well yes, but why "negatively polarized"? Gentrification
               | is just a somewhat derogatory word for "amenities that
               | attract people to want to live in the area". It doesn't
               | have to mean increased prices; that will depend on how
               | easy it is to build real-estate there. A place can be
               | perfectly "gentrified" in the amenities sense and be just
               | a quaint, high-density town or neighborhood with average
               | or even low housing costs.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | I agree, that's what I support it to be!
        
           | ejb999 wrote:
           | >>This is why higher orders of government need to step in to
           | "force" municipalities to enact some of these sorts of policy
           | changes you describe.
           | 
           | The people that live there, don't want their
           | city/neighborhood to change in a certain way, so people that
           | don't live there should force them to do it?
           | 
           | Why are people that aren't even voters in that location have
           | a say at all?
        
             | fxleach wrote:
             | It's not "their" city/neighbourhood. It existed before them
             | and it will exist after. What gives someone a right to move
             | in and create laws to make it harder for other people to do
             | the same thing they did? I understand they actually have
             | that right, it's just shitty to have that kind of mindset.
        
             | supersour wrote:
             | The state has an interest in keeping its cities
             | economically healthy, perhaps more than the city government
             | itself which is focused on appeasing citizens with its
             | delivery of police/recreation services. The state
             | government can act more dynamically since it has a wider
             | voter base to consider, including those who would like to
             | live in the city but are pushed out.
             | 
             | The Valley must maintain some level of competitiveness with
             | other city hubs, else the techxodus worsens and California
             | loses a large portion of their economy and tax revenue.
             | This is an existential threat to California, and the
             | residents of the valley will lose out in the long run.
        
             | woah wrote:
             | If all decisions were best made at the most local possible
             | level, then we wouldn't have highways or trains, and
             | slavery would still be legal in the South
        
         | reader_x wrote:
         | A municipality is run by a group of individuals elected by
         | other individuals, whereas you have framed your housing policy
         | proposal as if pitching to a dictator.
         | 
         | Imagining how we might govern unfettered by frustrating
         | negotiations with others is fun but dangerous.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | I am one of those tech workers that moved to the Bay Area. The
         | chance of me living here in 20 years is essentially zero. The
         | governments here were granted a golden era of prosperity and
         | have mostly squandered it.
         | 
         | Trillions of dollars have been minted here, but you wouldn't
         | know it just by driving around. Public services are abysmal.
         | Horrible public transportation.
         | 
         | In another 20 years if the winds shift to some other place in
         | the country/world people will look back at Silicon Valley and
         | ask how it could manage not to thrive, and the inescapable
         | answer is greed and incompetence.
        
           | lapama wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
         | ROTMetro wrote:
         | Ah yes, government housing blocks. What worked so well in the
         | past, why did it ever go out of style, I forget?
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | The government is run by and for the benefit of the established
         | land owners and they don't want housing, they want excess
         | returns. Simple.
        
           | rr888 wrote:
           | That really make sense because if you own land high density
           | buildings make land much more valuable.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _government is run by and for the benefit of the
           | established land owners_
           | 
           | Do San Francisco's renters fail to turn out to vote? (Serious
           | question.)
        
             | closeparen wrote:
             | To the extent that SF renters are organized, they're
             | organized around groups and ideologies that don't
             | prioritize supply a solution. They're focused on things
             | like rent control, just cause eviction,
             | foreign/institutional investor boogeymen, and preventing
             | even substantially or fully below-market housing
             | developments because they still threaten to upset what
             | renters believe is a delicate balance their
             | neighborhoods/communities depend on.
             | 
             | It makes sense, renters who are politically engaged and
             | organized are more likely to be long-term residents, and
             | being able to _preserve_ your tenancy /community is a
             | different thing from being able to easily move or upgrade.
        
             | akavi wrote:
             | I don't know about SF in particular, but nationwide, yes,
             | renters turn out to vote at a far lower rate than
             | homeowners[0] (67% vs 49%)
             | 
             | [0] https://www.apartmentlist.com/research/renter-voting-
             | prefere...
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _nationwide, yes, renters turn out to vote at a far
               | lower rate than homeowners_
               | 
               | Wider than I expected. Thank you.
               | 
               | Asking because in New York, renters turn out, and that
               | drives policy outcomes. (They're also less likely to
               | think supply and demand is a myth.)
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | By and large, poorer people vote less than wealthy
               | people. It is harder to vote in america as a poorer
               | person in many areas, arguably on purpose.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _harder to vote in america as a poorer person in many
               | areas, arguably on purpose_
               | 
               | Is this true in San Francisco?
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Unfortunately at this point, you've reached the end of my
               | knowledge. I assume California has reasonable mail in
               | voting procedures. That should make the "cost" of voting
               | very very minimal. Do we still see poor people voting
               | less there? I don't know actually.
        
             | t-writescode wrote:
             | Alternative question:
             | 
             | * do San Francisco renters turn out to Town Hall meetings,
             | local elections, pester their representatives and put in as
             | much #not-bribery as landowners?
        
               | BigRedDog1669 wrote:
               | Town Hall type meetings only take curated questions
               | normally and heavily gatekeep who is allowed to speak.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Town Hall type meetings only take curated questions
               | normally and heavily gatekeep who is allowed to speak_
               | 
               | Then it's not a town hall. Town hall means anyone can ask
               | questions. You may need to line up. But that's it.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Yes, they very much do. The voter turnout gap by housing
             | tenure is about 20 percentage points (e.g. 70% turnout for
             | owners and 50% for renters). Also the voter registration
             | gap is massive because many renters are not eligible to
             | vote or face hurdles registering due to lack of permanent
             | address. Finally, the people who would benefit from new
             | housing construction in a place like San Francisco are
             | often registered to vote in some other jurisdiction. The
             | people who already live in S.F. have no particular
             | compelling interest in a new apartment tower, but the
             | prospective tenants of those apartments who would vote for
             | them aren't all voters in that city.
        
               | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
               | And lower income people are far more likely to be renters
               | than landowners. Lower income jobs are less likely to
               | provide time off to vote. Even if mail-in voting is
               | allowed such low-income jobs are also less likely to
               | provide time off to attend city council meetings or
               | public hearings or other such things.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | Yup. Census data shows that non voters with incomes less
               | than $20k/year give transportation issues as the reason
               | in 8% of cases, but only 0.1% of people with incomes over
               | $100k give this reason.
        
             | tick_tock_tick wrote:
             | > Do San Francisco's renters fail to turn out to vote?
             | 
             | They aren't the best but when thy do vote they've somehow
             | managed to link voting for housing to being a form a racist
             | gentrification.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | thefounder wrote:
         | Ok but why do all the people need to live in city center? There
         | is enough housing/land, just not in "prime" location.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | It's an issue with the zoning laws. Back when it became
           | illegal to ban black people from your neighborhood the next
           | best thing was to ban the kind of housing that black people
           | could afford. So the only place where it's legal to put the
           | kind of housing that addresses the problem is in the city
           | centers which were already established and therefore out of
           | scope for the zoning restrictions. (more on this:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfsCniN7Nsc)
        
         | rr888 wrote:
         | > But people will happily pay you $40/sq foot per year for
         | housing,
         | 
         | Some, but most families couldn't afford it.
        
       | whiddershins wrote:
       | I don't understand this thesis. In terms of visible homelessness
       | a huge percentage are untreated mentally ill and/or drug addicted
       | to such an extent that they won't be able to afford housing at
       | any price level.
       | 
       | The article offers no data to support the claim, just some
       | anecdotal observations.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | Cities like Milwaukee have very low homelessness. Is it because
         | the people there are just less mentally ill? Less prone to drug
         | addiction? Of course not. (In fact in a state with cold, dark
         | winters and where there is a bar on every corner, you'd expect
         | the opposite.)
         | 
         | No, it's because of the low cost of housing and because of
         | their Housing First initiative.
         | 
         | Housing First works and it's only because of a lack of
         | political will that it's not being used in more places.
        
           | ejb999 wrote:
           | Its also possible that it is very hard to be truly homeless
           | in the winter in many places in the USA, and being someplace
           | warm year-round, makes being homeless easier. Just like being
           | someplace that is less likely to arrest you for openly doing
           | drugs in public. If you make it easy to do drugs without
           | consequences, easy to live on the streets year round, you are
           | pretty much guaranteed of getting more of those things.
           | 
           | I live someplace where it routinely gets well below 0F in the
           | winter, for weeks on end - if you live someplace like that,
           | you do your best to make different life choices if you do not
           | have a death wish.
        
       | nickradford wrote:
       | Two sides of the same coin really
        
         | t-writescode wrote:
         | "It's not that we don't pay people enough, it's that living
         | costs too much"
        
           | deburo wrote:
           | Indeed it can happen, imagine a state in which taxes are
           | higher than elsewhere.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | Ah, yes, _taxes_ , famously the biggest contributor to cost
             | of living, _especially_ for the poorest among us...  /s
        
         | TSiege wrote:
         | Not exactly since the largest cause of housing insecurity is
         | the fact that there simply isn't enough homes (at least where
         | we need them). Paying everyone more wouldn't solve that issue,
         | it'd just make rents rise further
        
       | e_commerce wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | joh6nn wrote:
       | If rents rise to a level that you can't find a home, aren't you
       | by definition impoverished? Is there some aspect of this
       | distinction that I'm not grasping?
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | But the other thing is not necessarily true. Lots of places
         | have high poverty and little homelessness.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | No it is not. Raising rent is a correlated effect, not a
       | causation. All cases of homelessness are highly individualized.
       | They usually follow a pattern such as this:
       | 
       | 1. The setup: Some sort of condition or pattern of life choices
       | that isn't intrinsically harmful, but combined with other things,
       | will become overwhelming once the bottom drops out. The lack of
       | community and isolation from a support network are key indicators
       | that a person is at risk.
       | 
       | 2. An Event: divorce, disease, severe mental illness, tragedy,
       | etc that causes their steady state to change significantly.
       | 
       | 3. An Aftermath: Poor coping mechanisms such as hard drug usage,
       | alcoholism, and other short sighted choices, combined with the
       | inability to bounce back from things in step 1, lead to the
       | bottom falling out. With no support network, the individual falls
       | out of normal society and ends up on the street. Addictions can
       | develop and the person becomes trapped.
       | 
       | ^ These three things aren't mine, It's something a social worker
       | pointed out to me.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | This theory is wrong and it is easy to see why. Rates of
         | homelessness are not correlated with "life choices" or "events"
         | at all. Mental illness rates don't vary much geographically and
         | they don't correlate with homelessness. Same with drug abuse
         | and disease. However housing costs are very strongly correlated
         | with homelessness.
         | 
         | Great book on the subject:
         | https://homelessnesshousingproblem.com/
         | 
         | Edit: prospective reply guys need to explain why W. Virginia,
         | the place with by far the biggest drug abuse problem, also has
         | the least homelessness.
        
           | dionidium wrote:
           | It's not wrong, though. This is just a rephrasing of the same
           | problem. Imagine two people, one with a family that will take
           | them in in an emergency and another with nobody. They both
           | become heroin addicts. The addiction results in a job loss
           | and a few arrests. Soon they've sold all their possessions,
           | their health is declining, and they're behind on rent.
           | 
           | Person A puts their tail between their legs and goes and
           | sleeps in mom's basement.
           | 
           | Person B becomes homeless.
           | 
           | It would be fairly deranged to say that "life choices" and
           | "events" didn't matter "at all," that the second person's
           | homelessness can be entirely explained by the lack of
           | supportive family. It's both things. Homelessness arises when
           | poor choices intersect with a lack of options.
        
             | fnimick wrote:
             | And what happens when your hypothetical "emergency" isn't
             | due to a personal failing?
             | 
             | There are people homeless in the US right now because of
             | medical debt due to illness, is that their fault too?
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Medical debt can be discharged in bankruptcy, there's no
               | reason anyone should become homeless over it.
        
               | hezralig wrote:
               | Have you tried renting with a lack of a credit score or
               | with a tanked score? It is increasingly out of reach.
        
               | dionidium wrote:
               | I don't feel a ton of emotions about phrases like,
               | "personal failing" one way or the other, so it doesn't
               | really make that much difference to me and I'd just say
               | that obviously the illness _was a factor_. That 's what
               | we're talking about here: whether to describe obvious
               | factors as such. It would be equally silly to claim that
               | the illness in that case was not relevant.
        
           | anm89 wrote:
           | > Rates of homelessness are not correlated with "life
           | choices"
           | 
           | What could this possibly even mean? Someone roles a dice and
           | then somebody materializes on the side of the road with a
           | tent and a shopping cart and a fentanyl addiction?
           | 
           | This person just existed in a choiceless state up until the
           | exact moment where the gained agency and simultaneously
           | became homeless?
        
             | janalsncm wrote:
             | It means that poor choices and addiction can't explain why
             | San Francisco has so much higher homelessness than other
             | places like West Virginia, which has much higher addiction
             | rates.
        
       | 1024core wrote:
       | > There are a lot of poor people in Utah, there are a lot of poor
       | people in Detroit and Philadelphia, but we don't see the kinds of
       | homelessness that we do in Los Angeles, San Francisco,...
       | 
       | Because where would you rather be if you're poor and homeless?
       | Detroit or San Francisco? Philly or La? I know where I'd rather
       | be in such a situation!
       | 
       | Add to poverty drug addiction and poor life choices and you have
       | basically nixed any chances of renting a place.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | I have heard this line a lot, and it shouldn't go unchallenged.
         | Most homeless people don't plan to be homeless anywhere, and
         | certainly don't plan to move from Detroit to LA to be homeless.
         | Many poor but non-homeless people have never left their state,
         | so it's pretty hard for me to imagine a homeless person
         | gathering enough money for a cross-country trip to supposedly
         | homeless Mecca. And most homeless people are only temporarily
         | homeless.
         | 
         | Many people also aren't aware of the fact that a sizable
         | percentage of homeless people _have jobs_. So "poor life
         | choices" can prevent a person from having a roof over their
         | head, but apparently not from working.
         | 
         | No, what is clear is that there is a direct relationship
         | between an influx of people, lack of new housing, and an
         | increase in homeless people. Did people suddenly become more
         | predisposed to mental illness and drug addition when housing
         | demand went up? Of course not. Most of the homeless people in a
         | city are from that city.
         | 
         | In places with Housing First, there is a huge decrease in
         | homelessness of course, but also in other associated problems
         | like mental illness and drug addiction.
        
       | Lendal wrote:
       | More theorizing. Why don't they just ask the homeless, on an
       | individual level, why they're homeless? They know better than we
       | do. It's not like they're animals, such that we can't ask them a
       | simple set of questions.
       | 
       | My personal theory? The reason there's more homeless in LA and
       | NYC is because LA and NYC are huge. There's more of everything in
       | those cities. Why shouldn't there be more homelessness as well?
        
       | zzz345345 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | There are levels of homelessness.
       | 
       | The first level is one where you don't have permanent shelter.
       | Maybe you're staying on a friend's couch or in your sibling's
       | basemenet. But not long term. You may have several such
       | situations and bounce between them. These arrangemenets tend to
       | be temporary and are triggered by the loss of a job or rising
       | rent or divorce or a number of other factors. These people are
       | larely invisible.
       | 
       | The next level of homelessness is when you're exhausted your
       | temporary options and you end up living in your car. You are
       | likely still employed and need your car to get to and from work
       | (because America). This too is a temporary situation. Towns and
       | cities don't like people living in cars. You may get harassed by
       | police. You may get towed. Your car may just stop working and you
       | can't affrod to repair it. On top of that, you may have a bunch
       | of parking violations you can't afford. You may have to deal with
       | crime (eg people breaking into your car and stealing your stuff).
       | These people are a little more visible but are still mostly
       | invisible. Like I've seen cars people are clearly living in but
       | my guess is that 95% of people don't see it.
       | 
       | The third level is where you've lost your car and now you're
       | living on the streets. This is the first truly visible level of
       | homelessness. This experience is traumatic and dangerous. This is
       | where you may start self-medicating (eg drugs, alcohol). It's
       | more difficult to hold down a job so you may lose that too. Crime
       | will affect your daily life. You will be harassed by the police
       | who will randomly move you somewhere else to get you temporarily
       | out of sight. Such people will tend to find some form of
       | community for self-protection, which is why you have encampments.
       | 
       | The last level is where you've been on the street so long that
       | you have serious medical and mental health issues. You may well
       | have substance abuse issues too. You likely will have suffered or
       | at least witnessed serious violent crime. The self-medicating
       | continues. At this point it is incredibly hard to come back from
       | this.
       | 
       | My point here is that when people talk about homelessness they
       | only talk about visible homelessness (ie the last 2 levels). But
       | the problems begin way before then. It starts with a lack of
       | housing security.
       | 
       | The most important thing to do for homeless people is to find
       | them somewhere to live. It's not a shelter. Those have their own
       | dangers and issues. This is what people mean when they talk about
       | a "housing first" policy towards homelessness.
       | 
       | We, in the US, live in the richest country on Earth. There is
       | absolutely no reason why we can't feed and house and provide
       | medical care for every man, woman and child in this country. But
       | we don't because some people don't want to give anything to other
       | people. Some think it'll somehow "encourage" homeless people and
       | stop them from being "lazy".
       | 
       | Instead we pour billions of dollars into an incredibly
       | ineffective and highly militarized police force. Homelessness and
       | poverty breeds crime. The only way to address that is to address
       | the underlying cause. A lot of places simply ship their homeless
       | to coastal blue states.
       | 
       | Just this week, NYC agreed to pay a man $135,000 in settlement
       | after an NYPD officer decided to drag him out of a mostly empty
       | subway car for having a bag on the seat and then lie about what
       | happened [1]. That officer faced no disciplinary action and still
       | works for the NYPD.
       | 
       | The worst thing to happen in the West is the financialization of
       | the housing market. Everybody treats housing as an investment.
       | We've created an incentive to make housing more expensive for the
       | less fortunate. We create policies to make housing unaffordable.
       | This is by design at this point.
       | 
       | [1]: https://pix11.com/news/local-news/man-dragged-from-train-
       | by-...
        
       | exolymph wrote:
       | The non-visible homeless (people down on their luck, to an
       | approximation) get mentally sorted into the vast category of
       | "that's unfortunate but it doesn't affect me directly," which
       | might influence people's votes or charitable donations, but
       | doesn't arouse much passion for most of us.
       | 
       | By contrast, the visible homeless are a visceral inconvenience,
       | even a danger, so people feel strongly about how that problem is
       | addressed. As a smallish woman, I am on high alert in certain
       | areas of San Francisco, Oakland, etc. I'm not all that likely to
       | be accosted, but if I ever am, it will be a big deal, so
       | navigating those places is nerve-wracking because my threat-
       | detection is constantly dialed up.
       | 
       | I would compare it to, like, road planning versus traffic
       | enforcement. The former has far-reaching, long-term impact (like
       | housing policy) but the latter is what gets people heated, due to
       | the immediate impact in their day-to-day lives.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Full disclosure, reposting a comment from a similar thread:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33961731
        
         | themitigating wrote:
         | "visceral inconvenience"
         | 
         | The problem with the homeless isn't how it offends your senses.
         | 
         | "I'm not all that likely to be accosted, but if I ever am, it
         | will be a big deal, so navigating those places is nerve-
         | wracking because my threat-detection is constantly dialed up."
         | 
         | Have you ever thought that being this worried about threats is
         | something you're partially responsible for?
        
           | novok wrote:
           | Are you a large tall white man by any chance?
        
           | googlryas wrote:
           | Every self preservation instinct is something each person is
           | ultimately responsible for, but that doesn't mean that is the
           | only dial that can be adjusted to solve the issue.
           | 
           | Some people really do worry too much.
           | 
           | Some areas really could be cleaned up so that random people
           | feel comfortable moving through them without threat of
           | assault.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | > Some areas really could be cleaned up
             | 
             | Cleaned? People who are homeless are dirt?
        
               | johnnylambada wrote:
               | Way to strawman a comment
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | I'm guessing that you misunderstand the threats, and are much
         | more likely to be hit by someone in an SUV. I've spent lots and
         | lots of time in cities; I've never had a problem with a
         | homeless person.
        
           | exolymph wrote:
           | I've never been hit by another car, but I have been yelled at
           | and followed by street people. So...
        
           | mattpallissard wrote:
           | A variant of this comment comes up every time someone
           | expresses tense situations.
           | 
           | I used to live around the corner from homeless services in
           | the greater Seattle area and commute by foot after dark
           | regularly. I never got physically assaulted but certainly
           | would have if I didn't have my wits about me.
           | 
           | Are most homeless folks problematic? Absolutely not. Is there
           | higher prevalence of mental illness, drug abuse, and other
           | things that lend themselves to irratic behavior among that
           | demographic? Absolutely.
           | 
           | It's ok to be both compassionate and recognize that there is
           | a real safety/health issue. We don't have to minimize
           | someone's experience based on "the numbers"
        
           | misterprime wrote:
           | Would you count having to step over an active urine stream on
           | your way to the grocery store as "a problem"?
           | 
           | How about walking with your pregnant wife past someone who is
           | splitting his time yelling at the sky and scratching his
           | crotch from the inside of his pants?
           | 
           | Sure, in both scenarios we weren't physically harmed, but it
           | certainly made us feel unsafe and uncomfortable. It's not
           | something that I think we should all just get used to.
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | Those are great opportunities to teach your children about
             | the consequences of an apathetic voting base. It's also a
             | great time to nurture children's empathetic abilities by
             | teaching them to juxtapose indecent behavior, mental
             | illness, poverty, and general despair.
             | 
             | Want more action? Try protesting and demanding solutions
             | that include no questions asked housing, healthcare, food,
             | water, and basic essential communication technology and
             | interconnection.
             | 
             | Unless people want to misery murder homeless people en
             | masse, the above is the solution. Hard stop. Don't like it?
             | That's not my problem, I'm not complaining about desperate
             | people from a place of immense privilege.
        
               | joenot443 wrote:
               | There are so many countries on earth with a far, far more
               | apathetic voting base than San Francisco which face a
               | fraction of the homeless issues. It's not fair to tell
               | regular citizens that the homeless people harassing them
               | on their walk to work are only there because they haven't
               | protested hard enough, that's just baloney.
               | 
               | Something's very, very wrong in SF and it's absolutely
               | okay for tax paying law abiding citizens to be making
               | noise about it.
        
               | mindover wrote:
               | People in the neighborhoods with fewer problems (let's
               | face it, there are many very quiet expensive
               | neighborhoods in the Bay Area) have very "progressive"
               | views on the homelessnesses. They don't experience its
               | effects frequently, so don't think it's a big problem.
               | They vote for policies that grow social services for the
               | homeless, even though those policies don't work. But the
               | idea they have is that these services just need more
               | money. And then more money again, and again.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | >>Those are great opportunities to teach your children
               | about the consequences of an apathetic voting base
               | 
               | I think you would be much better off using those
               | opportunities to teach your kids to stay away from drugs
               | and alcohol, and to study hard and work hard - so they
               | don't end up like that.
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | How many SUVs have you been hit by?
           | 
           | (Don't even answer, it's irrelevant anecdata.)
        
           | scifibestfi wrote:
           | That's a luxury belief.
        
           | mindover wrote:
           | How do you define a "problem"? Is poop on the streets a
           | problem? Used syringes? Mountains of trash? High people
           | blocking public areas? Mentally ill people shouting at night
           | and waking up whole neighborhoods? Physical assaults on
           | weaker looking people (women, elderly, etc)? This is the
           | everyday reality in SF.
        
       | toofy wrote:
       | i'm confident that someday in the future we'll look back at our
       | insistence on profiting off housing as a huge miscalculation.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | It should be seen as a blight on leadership, a catastrophic
         | failure of the free market due to seeing homes as a commodity
         | rather than a necessity.
        
       | atdrummond wrote:
       | I've lived on the streets and worked with homeless charities for
       | years and years.
       | 
       | I am extremely skeptical this is case and for those whom it is
       | true, I expect them to fall into the class of "transient
       | homeless" who experience it for a short period.
        
         | droopyEyelids wrote:
         | Transient homeless (those who have fallen upon hard times, and
         | may still have a job, but no longer have a place for their
         | family to live) make up around 80% of the homeless population.
         | 
         | Solving that would be a huge win for society.
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | Sure, but not really the policy outcome that people are
           | thinking of when they talk about solving the "homeless
           | problem". The guy passed on in the subway car next to his own
           | feces is not going to be helped in any way by these policies.
           | 
           | There are no good solutions here that respect the rights of
           | the individual and also our collective right to live in a
           | civil society. Involuntarily detention through the criminal
           | justice system (horrifying) or the mental health system
           | (completely dehumanizing) are the best tools we have, other
           | than having compassionate people who will devote time and
           | effort and individual attention to the victims of mental
           | health or pathological substance abuse problems.
        
             | cjwilliams wrote:
             | No reason why mental institutions cant be compassionate and
             | devote time and effort to individuals. Much better than
             | letting these people live in their own excrement in the
             | subway.
        
       | TSiege wrote:
       | Before the pandemic this problem really seemed intractable for a
       | lot of metro areas, but now with WFH taking hold we've been given
       | a potential life raft if we jump on it.
       | 
       | Office space cannot get converted into homes overnight. There's a
       | lot of remodeling and rethinking of how to fit an apartment into
       | one, but it's a chance nonetheless. The biggest burden is likely
       | to be the cause of the problem in the first place, zoning.
       | Hopefully we learn from the past and correct this while we can
        
         | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
         | For some reason I doubt that developers will be looking to
         | convert that office space into affordable housing.
        
           | ioblomov wrote:
           | The focus on affordability in new housing is, I think, a
           | glaring example of short-term thinking. I mean sure, those
           | sparkling new condos that somehow managed to squeak by the
           | municipal approval process (the length and cost of which are
           | no small part of why they cost so much) may be out of reach
           | for most people, especially newcomers. But with time--or even
           | sooner after, say, I don't know, a recession?--what was once
           | luxury condos may become decidedly middle-class housing.
           | 
           | NYC where I live is chock-full of housing developments which
           | began either as affordable
           | (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacDougal-
           | Sullivan_Gardens_H...) or luxury
           | (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ansonia) and that, with
           | the vicissitudes of economic cycles and time, flipped their
           | tax brackets (and sometimes _more than once_ ).
           | 
           | The point is, supply is supply and, given enough time, the
           | economics will take care of themselves.
        
             | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
             | Building luxury downtown apartments and saying that they'll
             | making housing more affordable for everyone really feels
             | like trickle down housing to me, ESPECIALLY when combined
             | with an argument that the economics will take care of
             | themselves.
        
           | anonuser123456 wrote:
           | Why? They don't like money?
        
             | jrockway wrote:
             | What is the path to profitability you see? They pretty much
             | have to gut rehab the building to add kitchens and
             | bathrooms, in an economy where loans are pretty expensive.
             | Is that competitive with people selling existing move-in
             | ready housing stock in a down market? Do you want to be the
             | first person to sign a contract in one of these
             | conversions? (Not to mention the usual "new construction"
             | taxes that are seller-paid on existing housing, but buyer-
             | paid on new construction.)
             | 
             | I think everyone is incentivized to sit on what they have
             | now and offer cheap leases. I also think that cities are
             | incentivized to bring workers back to the office. Like in
             | NYC, we spent billions of dollars on a new commuter
             | railroad terminal that opens this year, and upgrades to run
             | more trains per hour during rush hour. I don't think the
             | state is going to step in and offer free money to make more
             | housing.
             | 
             | All in all I love the idea of converting offices to
             | housing. Working from home is great, and affording your own
             | home is even better. But, I don't think the economy wants
             | either of them :/
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | Unless you're referring to something besides the baseline
               | interest rate (in which case you might need to clarify,
               | as it's non-obvious why it would be the case), loans
               | aren't "pretty expensive" now: they were "absurdly cheap"
               | for the last decade.
               | 
               | Setting your baseline during the post-financial-crisis
               | period of permanent zero interest rates is not
               | particularly realistic.
        
             | t-writescode wrote:
             | Scarcity drives prices up. If we keep the housing supply
             | lower than it needs to be, landlords can continue to excuse
             | raising prices on their X*mortgage < rent condos,
             | apartments and *plexes.
        
             | itake wrote:
             | My understanding is commercial real estate operates a bit
             | differently than residential. The value of the property is
             | based on a multitude of factors and the people that invest
             | in commercial are not making an investment in residential.
             | 
             | For example, the value of the property is based on the last
             | or current rent they have received. It is better for the
             | property owner to not have a tenant, than it is to accept a
             | lower lease because it impacts their financing agreements
             | and property valuations.
        
           | TSiege wrote:
           | I never said affordable housing. Just having more housing
           | period would help at this point. However, that doesn't seem
           | to be true in NYC when we incentivized it and we built a lot
           | of affordable housing. Just not enough
        
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