[HN Gopher] Why are antennas popping up over the Salt Lake City ...
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       Why are antennas popping up over the Salt Lake City foothills?
        
       Author : RF_Enthusiast
       Score  : 155 points
       Date   : 2023-01-05 20:35 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ksltv.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ksltv.com)
        
       | rolph wrote:
       | P.O.W.D.E.R
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0Ydb0rJbFk
       | 
       | https://advancedwireless.org/salt-lake-city/#Map
       | 
       | https://powderwireless.net/
        
         | themodelplumber wrote:
         | > 8 rooftop base stations with multiple SDRs and 8 fixed
         | endpoints at ground level
         | 
         | > 1 rooftop programmable massive MIMO array and multiple
         | dedicated UE devices
         | 
         | > 6 base stations on light poles with multiple SDRs each -
         | coming in late 2022
         | 
         | Interesting project, but there's no mountain location here and
         | the antennas look more like 2m 1/2 wave from the video...
        
           | rolph wrote:
           | im curious as to how these [black] boxes relate to the
           | project, if at all.
           | 
           | is it part of it, is it someone taking advantage of it, is it
           | unrelated?
        
         | DueDilligence wrote:
         | .. this makes sense - except that project is well-known to the
         | BLM and other folks. My brother is a ARC-GIS engineer for the
         | BLM division and he confirmed the equipment in POWDER is
         | registered with them, the state and the FTC.
        
           | rolph wrote:
           | this project has DOD involvement, it may be the case that
           | someone is shy about it, because government project, or oops,
           | i didnt realize anyone would care.
           | 
           | https://advancedwireless.org/new-2-7m-pawr-project-funded-
           | by...
        
             | ed25519FUUU wrote:
             | They wouldn't have funded guerrilla placement of the
             | towers. That's just stupid and illegal.
        
               | rolph wrote:
               | * * *
        
       | Octokiddie wrote:
       | From another thread, the actual application appears to be
       | something called a "hike and fly race":
       | 
       | > The Global Rescue XRedRocks is a premiere hike and fly race in
       | North America, organized in a similar way to the Eigertour,
       | Vercofly and DolomitiSuperfly- multi-day hike and fly events that
       | take participants into magnificent mountains to see what they're
       | made of when we pair back free-flight to it's most raw and
       | exciting form. Travel is only allowed by wing or on foot. There
       | are no supporters. ...
       | 
       | https://xredrocks.com
       | 
       | The devices appear to be internet hotspots, possibly powered by
       | the Helium network:
       | 
       | https://gristleking.com/helium-deployed-the-network-in-actio...
       | 
       | This could explain _why_ you 'd want to put a hotspot at the top
       | of a mountain: to provide real-time tracking of paragliders
       | during the competition.
       | 
       | The hotspots in the local news clip could be put there either for
       | real-time telemetry during the competition or for training.
        
         | themodelplumber wrote:
         | Why would an internet hotspot use what looks like a 2m half-
         | wave antenna? Is there also some built-in 2m repeater
         | functionality?
        
           | Manuel_D wrote:
           | You can send digital packets over radio. 2 meter band can
           | handle internet equivalent to dial-up speeds if reception is
           | good enough.
        
             | aliqot wrote:
             | Interesting, thanks. I'd always been under the impression
             | (maybe old folklore) that encryption wasn't allowed over
             | some bands.
             | 
             | .. Now that I type it out, this is probably a band that has
             | no rule for this.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | The ISM bands allow encryption. The HAM radio bands don't
               | (except for satellite command uplinks).
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | Transmissions to any remote controlled craft - RC planes,
               | cars, etc. in addition to satellites - can be encrypted.
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | It's LoraWAN at ~900 mhz.
        
             | kenniskrag wrote:
             | and here the specs: https://github.com/3s1d/fanet-stm32
        
         | mNovak wrote:
         | There are some Helium nodes along the SLC foothills [1], though
         | I'm not seeing many so remote or far from a road. Unclear if
         | this displays history or only active nodes.
         | 
         | [1] https://explorer.helium.com/iot/hex/882696b829fffff
        
       | mikeyouse wrote:
       | Ha - for all of you "why blame crypto" commenters - this dude
       | looks like the prime suspect based on "helium miner remote Utah"
       | Google searches:
       | 
       | https://gristleking.com/helium-deployed-the-network-in-actio...
       | 
       | His setup looks remarkably similar to what the rangers took down
       | and he's got several videos placing Helium miners or whatever
       | they use on remote peaks in Utah.
       | 
       | I suspect the "authorities say it may be related to Crypto" line
       | was just an expert couching their highly confident assessment as
       | a CYA, but it seems to be obviously crypto.
        
         | closewith wrote:
         | Good find.
        
         | RF_Enthusiast wrote:
         | Ohmygosh... Good find! His images look very similar to those in
         | the news report!
        
         | Octokiddie wrote:
         | The actual application appears to be tracking paragliders.
         | Helium just provides the internet hotspot:
         | 
         | > Over the course of a week, supported by Tommy and Ryan at
         | Lonestar Tracking, Matthew at Digital Matter, Travis at Helium,
         | and Jeremy C (@jerm on Discord), I deployed 2 off-grid Helium
         | Hotspots high in the mountains of Utah (one at over 8,000' and
         | one above 11,000') to track 30+ paragliders as they flew during
         | the annual Red Rocks Fly In as well as raced during the
         | inaugural X Red Rocks Hike & Fly race.
         | 
         | This explains _why_ somebody would want a hotspot in such a
         | remote, high location.
         | 
         | The race itself is kind of wild:
         | 
         | https://xredrocks.com/
         | 
         | From the Rules page:
         | 
         | > The task is to reach the control and turn-points defined by
         | the Race Committee every day for three days as quickly as
         | possible traveling only by paraglider or on foot.
         | 
         | I imagine you'd want good tracking data to get an idea of where
         | you're going.
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | That seems plausible for that one specific setup - but it's
           | obvious that all of these weird crypto grifters were trying
           | to make money by deploying in remote spots with long range
           | connections to capture the rewards.. there aren't very many
           | paraglider canyons and there are far more of these in the
           | foothills.
        
         | danesparza wrote:
         | No -- in the news report the antennas were different, the solar
         | panel was much larger, the unit was much more permanently
         | attached to the mountain, and there were guylines supporting
         | the unit from severe weather.
         | 
         | Those are from something much different.
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | They really aren't though - that dude installed several of
           | his own and consulted on others and the design shifted over
           | time. From his blog;
           | 
           | https://gristleking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/big-
           | anten...
           | 
           | https://gristleking.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/2021/03/Gristle-K...
           | 
           | It's a cool project and I love the DIY aspect of something so
           | technical, but don't love the dumping it on public lands
           | aspect.
        
           | Kiro wrote:
           | Do an image search on "helium crypto solar power" and you
           | will see many other versions that look much more like the one
           | in the video.
        
       | Overtonwindow wrote:
       | So...free solar panels?
        
         | kotaKat wrote:
         | And a free Linux SBC with an onboard data connection! :)
        
           | Overtonwindow wrote:
           | "Lord I've seen what you've done for other people, and I want
           | that for me too!"
        
         | jimjimjim wrote:
         | yes. you would be doing the country a favor by removing this
         | litter. e.g https://www.abc4.com/news/local-news/why-is-utah-
         | getting-tra...
        
         | RajT88 wrote:
         | Exactly my thought.
         | 
         | I wish they were popping up near me!
        
         | danesparza wrote:
         | Yeah -- they looked nice, too.
        
       | RF_Enthusiast wrote:
       | SLC's recreational trails manager says it might be related to
       | cryptocurrency. This sounds like the Helium crypto network, which
       | is an IoT network offering node owners payment in cryptocurrency,
       | which has plummeted in value ($55.22 in Nov 2021, $1.73 today).
        
         | FL410 wrote:
         | It is almost definitely this. Plenty of discussion about
         | exactly this thing if you look into the Helium
         | subreddits/discord etc.
        
         | walrus01 wrote:
         | Anecdotally, rooftop telecom site operators, tower owners and
         | WISPs have been approached by "helium" miner people for several
         | years now, they're almost universally laughed at as a non
         | plausible business plan and revenue source.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | Somewhere in there is a gem of a good idea. Incentivize
           | operators of a mesh network where you can buy credits to get
           | data on the mesh. Like I can see the concept and in it's raw
           | form it's exciting.
           | 
           | Helium though got way overpriced and insane with the crypto
           | bubble.
           | 
           | Maybe they can rectify it and turn sane? I'd love a world
           | where all this deployed helium hardware isn't trash.
        
             | walrus01 wrote:
             | LoRA as a method to implement serial bridges over very
             | narrow channels and low RSL/CINR rates in radio is fine.
             | LoRAWAN and similar are fine. Lots of possible
             | applications. The crypto part is what's truly bizarre.
             | 
             | I don't know how anyone who has spent any time researching
             | bulk-data-service plans for embedded multi-band cat1 LTE
             | radios (a few bucks a month from Verizon or Tmobile per
             | radio) would think that a less reliable, vastly less-
             | covered-area "helium" thing would be something you could
             | rely on for actual traffic to/from your equipment.
        
         | downrightmike wrote:
         | I disagree, this sounds _exactly_ like what the drug cartels
         | have been doing in Mexico for years. They build their own
         | network so they can bypass the government. It makes more sense
         | that they are connecting their operations further up north
         | given the amount of security upgrades that the USA has been
         | doing recently. One Example:
         | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-telecoms-cartels-s...
         | 
         | "Crypto" is just a buzzword that people who don't understand
         | tech jump to as a kneejerk reaction.
        
           | ricardo81 wrote:
           | If they keep popping up after these initial ones are taken
           | down, I guess that's leads towards the idea of whoever is
           | doing it has a big incentive to do it.
           | 
           | Would think that crypto would have too long a payback esp if
           | the equipment keeps disappearing.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | bastawhiz wrote:
           | Which drug cartels are operating out of public lands in Utah?
           | How did they get there? How has nobody noticed them? Why do
           | drug cartels have interest in the snowy peaks of the SLC
           | foothills of all places? Why are they _just_ in the foothills
           | and not _checks notes_ all the way through Arizona to Mexico?
        
           | runjake wrote:
           | These units are far too small and low-powered to be cartel
           | cell towers. The towers they're building in Mexico are more
           | or less normal towers, supplemented by COW trailers (larger
           | units with generator+solar).
           | 
           | Cartels in CONUS are typically using regular cell and
           | satellite phones. Ostensibly, the NSA and the various
           | military "Activities" aren't paying attention to CONUS
           | communications, unless it's near the border.
           | 
           | There isn't enough information in the article to reasonably
           | tell what they're designed for. If someone wants to post
           | actual photos of the hardware, that would be swell.
        
           | Kiro wrote:
           | > "Crypto" is just a buzzword that people who don't
           | understand tech jump to as a kneejerk reaction.
           | 
           | Very strange thing to say when the parent explained exactly
           | why this could be crypto and why it's plausible. Do you know
           | how Helium works?
           | 
           | Do a Google Image Search on "helium crypto solar power" and
           | you will see many devices that look like that.
        
           | walrus01 wrote:
           | A cartel land mobile radio or cellular setup would be
           | considerably more power hungry than this.
        
           | pinkcan wrote:
           | meh, you're writing comes of as defensive
           | 
           | if you still have money tied up in crypto you can still try
           | and sell it
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | I may be stereotyping, but in my experience there is a strong
           | ham community within the LDS Church. My first reaction was to
           | assume something ham related, not drug cartel.
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | There would be no reason for cartels to establish parallel
           | cellular networks in Salt Lake City of all places.. and these
           | devices don't sound remotely like what the cartels were doing
           | - you need backhaul to have a cell site - these are remote
           | mesh wifi devices. All of the cartel ones are 'parasitic'
           | where they use the actual cell site's hardware to provide a
           | standalone antenna.
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | The Mexican cartels use actual cell/mobile equipment, and
           | have kidnapped engineers from South Texas to gain additional
           | technical knowledge. Also, these areas surround SLC are not
           | territory they're trying to control in the same way. What
           | utility would there be in this network vs simply using
           | encrypted communication over the internet?
           | 
           | On the other hand, solar powered mining with just good enough
           | radios to do C2 and send back any hashes found would be an
           | exact match to this scale of equipment.
        
             | Manuel_D wrote:
             | But why not just install solar panels on your house? Or
             | legally, in some remote property? On top of the mountain is
             | probably one of the most expensive places to deploy
             | infrastructure. The elevation is almost certainly to
             | provide radio reception coverage.
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | There's networks like Helium that are based around
               | LoraWAN mesh IoT minders. Assuming there's some financial
               | advantage to having maximal connectivity to other miners,
               | putting a few on the mountains above a major metro area
               | seems like a very straightforward idea.
        
               | boring_twenties wrote:
               | It's not above a major metro area though, it's above Salt
               | Lake City.
        
               | LarryMullins wrote:
               | 1.2 million people. And probably geographically the
               | closest metro area to the people who did this; I assume
               | whoever did it lives in or around Utah.
        
               | RF_Enthusiast wrote:
               | The Salt Lake City Metropolitan Statistical Area is #24
               | as ranked by population, so it depends what one would
               | consider "major".
               | 
               | To me, top 25 seems major, but to someone else top 20
               | would be major. I don't think "major" in the context of
               | metro areas is an official term.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | I've heard major metro area as roughly being top 100
               | cities in the world which Salt Lake City is nowhere close
               | to.
               | 
               | If anything Salt Lake seems about average size for a
               | city.
        
             | flatline wrote:
             | Why on earth would cartels kidnap engineers when they could
             | just pay them? This seems like the kind of specialized
             | knowledge you cannot meaningfully get out of someone with a
             | $5 wrench, just how they hire lawyers and other
             | professionals to work with existing modern infrastructure
             | that you cannot just avoid.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Why would they pay someone when they could kidnap them,
               | like they've done to many others?
        
               | LarryMullins wrote:
               | > _Why on earth would cartels kidnap engineers when they
               | could just pay them?_
               | 
               | Why would an engineer willfully take a cartel job, when
               | there is a high risk of them killing you instead of
               | paying you, and killing you by cutting off your face just
               | because they were bored and disturbed? If a cartel even
               | _offered_ me a job, I 'd fear for my life.
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | I have no interest of watching it myself, but there's an
               | infamous video that's been talked about so much I'm
               | reasonably confident it is more or less as described, and
               | yes, it involves skinning someone's face off while
               | they're alive, and using amphetamine injection to ensure
               | they don't pass out.
               | 
               | These people really are as bad as it gets. You don't want
               | to be anywhere close to involved with them.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | The video is often re-posted on 4chan and is not the
               | worst of their behavior.
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | You vastly underestimate how intense the cartels are.
               | 
               | They want total control, not bribes.
               | 
               | One of the more medium size cartels, Jalisco New
               | Generation, specializes in training assassins against
               | their will. Let that just sink in. They do this by
               | advertising jobs, kidnapping the people who show up to
               | interview, and then torturing them in horrific ways until
               | they get the total compliance of learned helplessness.
               | Then they send them on suicide missions.
               | 
               | I don't want to go into the details of the torture
               | because its bad stuff, involving cannibalism even. If you
               | are morbidly curious there's a couple interviews with
               | survivors you can find somewhere on youtube.
               | 
               | And this is far from the only instance of this sort of
               | thing. Sinaloa has been known to kidnap entire buses and
               | make folks fight to the death, winner gets the dubious
               | honor of becoming a member.
               | 
               | These are people who assume every single person in their
               | world is plotting to overthrow them in an instant, and
               | leave nothing to chance vs that. They don't want to hope
               | their bribe is enough to keep you loyal, they want to
               | know you're loyal because you've seen them torture to
               | death countless people. You don't get any agency in the
               | matter.
        
               | toephu2 wrote:
               | How do you know all this? Were you a former member?
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | There's a number of brave journalists that cover this
               | stuff locally, but a lot of what I'm talking about has
               | been covered in national media in the US, it just doesn't
               | get much traction.
               | 
               | I have friends that live in Mexico so we talk about it
               | fairly often as well. One of my friends in particular is
               | a wireless business owner with customers near
               | Brownsville/Matamoros, where those telcom engineer
               | kidnappings happened, so he's acutely aware of things.
        
               | InCityDreams wrote:
               | >One of my friends in particular is a wireless business
               | owner with customers near Brownsville/Matamoros, where
               | those telcom engineer kidnappings happened, so he's
               | acutely aware of things.
               | 
               | ...and you just doxxed him?
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | I clearly did not.
               | 
               | Can you try to put more effort into participating here?
               | This is actually a material conversation to me so I don't
               | in the slightest appreciate some rando on the internet is
               | trying to say I'm risking my friends life with sharing
               | very innocuous general information as a zero effort
               | rhetorical dunk.
        
               | playingalong wrote:
               | I don't think organizations like this have any former
               | members.
        
               | veb wrote:
               | they do, they just might be... in a non-talkative mood
               | ;-)
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | Adding to this, they are growing fast [1] and rumor has
               | it they are moving into Texas. Curious what the U.S. will
               | do to _try_ to stop them.
               | 
               | [1] - https://es.insightcrime.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2020/06/Mexic...
        
           | metadat wrote:
           | The drug angle doesn't make much sense in Utah. This State
           | trends towards prescription drug abuse [0] [1], and
           | aggressively prosecutes drug offenses to the max. How could
           | antennas be relevant?
           | 
           | [0] https://www.deseret.com/2008/1/31/20067144/happy-valley-
           | delv...
           | 
           | [1] https://imdb.com/title/tt1263682/
        
           | iforgotpassword wrote:
           | Weren't they at least installing their stuff on existing
           | towers etc to make it less obvious? Planting big solar panels
           | into the landscape must be the stupidest attempt at creating
           | a secret cell network...
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | I would think that if it was organized crime, the feds would
           | be all over it already. Even stuff like pirate radio gets
           | tracked and shutdown fairly quickly. I'd imagine the FBI
           | still has significant sigint ops, even if they might be less
           | extensive than during the cold war.
        
             | HomeLine wrote:
             | Wouldn't their best course of action be to locate the
             | towers, hack into them, and continue to allow them to
             | operate?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yes, but if they were taking that action, they would have
               | instructed the public land officials on a cover story,
               | not allowing them to create a mystery out of and open
               | those boxes.
        
           | RF_Enthusiast wrote:
           | What you say sounds possible and plausible, although I would
           | not immediately discount crypto, as the Helium map does show
           | some cells in unpopulated areas in the hills surrounding the
           | SLC metro.
           | 
           | They should be able to eliminate Helium as the culprit if
           | they're able to inspect what's in the box, as Helium needs a
           | Helium-sanctioned box, from my understanding.
        
           | Manuel_D wrote:
           | What does this provide that an encrypted cellphone messenger
           | app does not? I'm sure they have the know how to acquire SIMs
           | through intermediaries to remain anonymous. That's probably a
           | lot less suspicious than setting up random radio towers, in
           | fact this story is evidence of that.
           | 
           | Presumably self-operated infrastructure could expand comms to
           | remote areas that don't normally have cell service. They
           | makes sense in stretches of the southern border. But right
           | outside salt lake city is covered by cell access.
        
             | mike_d wrote:
             | Cell phones are basically locator beacons for the police.
             | The cartels know this.
             | 
             | It's not worth discussing the specifics in the open, but
             | the investigative techniques have gotten good enough that
             | even "anonymous" SIM cards don't buy you anything.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | A radio is inherently a locator beacon. Radio direction
               | finding has been a cornerstone of signals intelligence
               | for over a century. A cell phone sending encrypted
               | messages over Signal or WhatsApp is way less suspicious
               | than a radio mysteriously appearing on a hill. Just get a
               | patsy to buy a normal sim card - not an "anonymous sim
               | card" - I'm sure cartels are easily able to do this.
        
               | mike_d wrote:
               | Sure but one is inherently more difficult (radio
               | direction finding) than the other (having your phone
               | constantly beacon to a dense network of towers).
               | 
               | What I was alluding to is when you have full access to
               | the cellular network, there are other indicators that can
               | be used to task tracking other than just the SIM card.
               | You don't need to know that phone X is person Y, you just
               | need to know that phone X fits the criteria of how a drug
               | mule operates.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | > you just need to know that phone X fits the criteria of
               | how a drug mule operates.
               | 
               | And my point is that this is way, _way_ harder than
               | looking out the window and noticing a radio tower perched
               | on a hilltop that wasn 't there before. It's far more
               | clandestine to obtain security through obscurity even if
               | it means operating in a network controlled by the
               | authorities. Encrypted traffic looks like any other
               | encrypted traffic. There's little to make a drug dealer
               | stand out from other cell phone traffic, unless they're
               | communicating over cleartext.
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | You do not have any secret knowledge dangerous to share
               | on this issue, I guarantee that, so drop the pretense and
               | just say what you think clearly.
        
         | vorpalhex wrote:
         | Is Helium still alive? I've seen a _lot_ of their used
         | equipment pop up for sale on ebay.
        
           | alexeldeib wrote:
           | I have the same question. Seems like the crash hit them hard
           | and last I heard they were rebasing (n.b., not using this in
           | a technical meaning) on top of Solana.
           | 
           | I also heard a lot of rumors it was a pump/dump or pyramid
           | type scheme, but I haven't seen proof of that, only if
           | premining (which is awfully scammy to be fair).
           | 
           | Anyone have better details?
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Or a new kind of crypto based on Proof of Solar energy
         | collection?
        
           | moloch-hai wrote:
           | Proof of received and delivered packets.
        
         | ThatPlayer wrote:
         | I believe Helium does require internet access rather than just
         | working as an offline relay. How's the 4G in those locations?
         | The video shows only one antenna too.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | You can do either. Non-internet Helium installs are less
           | profitable though, if I understand their structure.
        
       | bottlepalm wrote:
       | Very strange this would be reported without some very
       | basic/obvious information. Like the data/frequencies transmitted
       | in/out of the boxes. That should narrow down potential suspects
       | substantially.
        
         | dpedu wrote:
         | It's common in investigations that authorities don't release
         | everything right away. It gives them in an advantage in certain
         | ways - playing your hand face-down, if you will.
        
           | icambron wrote:
           | They may also just not know yet
        
       | poorman wrote:
       | Most likely Helium hotspots
        
       | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
       | I wouldn't be surprised if it was somehow related to Aereo
       | [1][2]. My understanding is they were mostly working out of Utah.
       | 
       | Edit: For those unfamiliar, they set up an operation to re-
       | broadcast (free) OTA TV broadcasts out-of-territory over the
       | internet for a subscription fee. They got shut down after a
       | supreme court decision.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aereo
       | 
       | [2] https://www.ksl.com/article/28788962/utah-judge-halts-
       | operat...
        
         | happyopossum wrote:
         | This is nothing like Aereo equipment, nor would there be any
         | reason for Aereo to put their equipment on mountaintops and
         | ridge lines on public land...
        
         | RF_Enthusiast wrote:
         | No, I can confidently say it's not. They'd need significant
         | wired bandwidth to the node.
         | 
         | Plus the mountain top location would not provide any advantage
         | over almost any other lower elevation location in the metro.
        
       | 71a54xd wrote:
       | Can't wait to see how these start to get camouflaged! I doubt
       | it's a helium miner, the project is dead and now a known scam.
        
       | Breefield wrote:
       | I betcha it's https://gristleking.com, he's been advocating for
       | paragliders to use LoRaWAN for a tertiary emergency
       | communications network (primary being Garmin's Iridium network,
       | then cell or perhaps iOS 14's GPS SOS).
       | 
       | The idea is to have multiple means of calling for help + tracking
       | location when free-flying.
        
         | ed25519FUUU wrote:
         | So he accomplishes it by covertly installing thousands of
         | dollars of hardware on PUBLIC land and opening himself up to
         | thousands more dollars in recovery fees? Not likely.
        
           | RF_Enthusiast wrote:
           | He might be at one of the higher levels on the Helium
           | "pyramid" (sorry-- couldn't think of a better term).
           | 
           | A year ago, that may have meant significant earnings.
        
       | kenniskrag wrote:
       | Fanet works over loraWan and here are the specs:
       | https://github.com/3s1d/fanet-stm32
        
       | teewuane wrote:
       | It's got to be some sort of Multi Level Marketing thing. You buy
       | three towers, sell your friends three towers, they sell 3 towers
       | each. Boom. Money. Wait, that is actually a good idea for a mesh
       | network.
        
         | mikeyouse wrote:
         | That's actually how the stupid Helium network was setup.. it
         | used to (maybe still does?) provide rewards for setting up a
         | hotspot and much much less for data throughput so it was
         | basically a big grift to sell miners. Then they gave a huge
         | proportion of the earliest miners to their executives and
         | family members so that commoners buying miners were basically
         | just funneling money to the execs.
         | 
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/sarahemerson/2022/09/23/helium-...
        
       | scottpiper wrote:
       | I live in SLC, and I saw one of these show up over a year ago.
       | The location was about here:
       | https://www.google.com/maps/place/40%C2%B047'58.0%22N+111%C2...
       | 
       | It was a very well built setup that I assumed (as did everyone)
       | that it was put there by the gov in some capacity, such as for
       | weather observations. It wasn't hidden or hard to find by any
       | means and on a fairly popular trail. I would bet during nice
       | summer weather a few hundred people per week walked past it.
        
       | DueDilligence wrote:
       | .. from a fellow DarkNetizen: ".. we all concur it's either one
       | of the 2 major w coast drug cartels since SLC is smack in the
       | middle of a 'major flight trade route' tho SLC is not a major
       | market in and of itself. A crypto repeater network makes sense,
       | but why SLC? The other assertion is a DOD project since BLM and
       | other vast expanses of open lands are popular test grounds for
       | new comm tech. I believe it's the latter."
        
       | poorman wrote:
       | You can see where all the Helium hotspots are. They have a
       | mechanism called Proof Of Coverage so that they can be used to
       | tell devices communicating with them what their geolocation is.
       | It's pretty easy to tell which devices are on top of the
       | mountains over salt lake.
       | 
       | https://explorer.helium.com/coverage
       | 
       | https://explorer.helium.com/hotspots/11f1b3jVrJ9mh1KebQY5oVm...
        
         | ed25519FUUU wrote:
         | I don't think there's hundreds or thousands of them up on the
         | mountains like the image shows?
        
       | walrus01 wrote:
       | The PV setup is too small/weak to support an very cheap and basic
       | off grid WISP setup, even a very basic one, one small panel of
       | that size won't handle the mid winter cumulative kWh in one month
       | from even two small PTP 5 GHz band 5W load radios and one 5W
       | Mikrotik router (15W 24x7 for a month).
       | 
       | Whatever it is has to be very low power or spend a lot of time in
       | sleep mode.
        
       | black_puppydog wrote:
       | Wow, whether or not this is helium... I just learned about this
       | thing and I'm like "okay, so you have LoRaWAN and blockchains and
       | yes I can see how you _could_ combine these together but what 's
       | the effin point?
       | 
       | Don't get me wrong, I get that some people want to do stuff just
       | for the fun of it and IMHO that's humanity at its best. But this
       | just looks like "new tech -> magic happens -> profit" 0_o
        
         | petre wrote:
         | Too bad you don't have enough scrap metal collectors. Beats any
         | cryptocurrency. This network wouldn't resist a week in my
         | country.
        
         | walrus01 wrote:
         | You're not wrong in being puzzled by why people would try to
         | glue LoraWAN stuff to "blockchain" BS, that's been pretty much
         | the reaction of everyone who works professionally in wireless
         | telecom industry/applications.
         | 
         | Helium is (was) yet another pump and dump cryptocoin hype
         | train.
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | I think it was mostly a strategy of combining IoT hype with
         | Blockchain hype, details be damned. Helium isn't nearly as
         | crazy as IOTA, which was blathering on about a starlink style
         | network powered by trinary circuitry (no, I'm not kidding).
        
         | paranoidrobot wrote:
         | I'm very much a cryptocurrency-sceptic, but the basic idea
         | seemed interesting.
         | 
         | There's a whole lot of companies that do want to deploy various
         | sensor things - fixed and mobile. They're using cellular
         | networks at the moment, which comes with
         | costs/capacity/coverage issues.
         | 
         | LoRAWAN would seem to solve some of these - it's unlicensed
         | spectrum, it's low rate, but high enough for basic signalling,
         | and the coverage vs installation cost/complexity thing is
         | amazing.
         | 
         | If you could convince enough people & businesses to drop mesh-
         | nodes on their window sills, ideally with access to their wifi,
         | it could be a relatively cheap way of bootstrapping a large
         | mesh network.
         | 
         | The crypto-mining thing... well I guess that's one way to pay
         | people without involving actual direct cash payments. But like
         | so much in the cryptocurrency space, the actual ROI was far
         | over-sold.
        
         | slicktux wrote:
         | It's really about the "crypto hype" and that's really the only
         | incentive behind most of these helium hot spots... They are
         | expensive and the return is slow. Really nice idea in the grand
         | scheme of things but it's not DIY friendly network...well it is
         | but if you want to send data via the helium network you MUST
         | pay per message using the helium currency; that and a lot of
         | these hotspots piggy back of internet...sadly not completely
         | decentralized.
        
         | cozzyd wrote:
         | It's annoying if you use LoRa components for something else
         | since they are more likely to be out of stock
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | RajT88 wrote:
       | I was just mulling over the other day that this sort of thing at
       | smaller scale would be a neat idea for guerilla file sharing to
       | work around copyright infringement bots on torrent networks.
       | 
       | Hope on a wifi access point downtown, pull some movies down while
       | you're waiting for your train.
        
         | iforgotpassword wrote:
         | freifunk.net :-)
        
           | green-salt wrote:
           | Looks fun, but its on the other side of a continent and ocean
           | for me to participate in.
        
         | ed25519FUUU wrote:
         | Why not just get a vpn rather than create overly complicated
         | and expensive hardware installations?
        
       | mihaaly wrote:
       | - We do not know what it is and for what, it just stands there,
       | so we must destroy it!
       | 
       | "Nice"! : /
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | If they actually cared about their use of public land or what
         | they were doing, then the _very least_ they could have done is
         | put their name and phone number on it.
         | 
         | They didn't.
         | 
         | So, yes, it absolutely gets destroyed. If you fail to take
         | responsibility for your actions, you can generally expect this
         | to be the outcome.
        
         | googlryas wrote:
         | Well, yes. You can't just erect stuff on public land willy
         | nilly.
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | Right, right, people are not supposed to build a dam or a
           | T-shirt factory wherever they please but a small device left
           | in the middle of nowhere difficult to find and comprehend,
           | out of the way and sight literally for everyone, well, next
           | time I will think twice if I make a small rock formation or a
           | tent made of branches against rain in a nice hidden spot
           | without proper signed permission from the authorities,
           | erected on public land.
        
             | InCityDreams wrote:
             | >well, next time I will think twice if I make a small rock
             | formation or a tent made of branches against rain in a nice
             | hidden spot
             | 
             | "Leave nature as you found it"? Making shelter seems fair
             | enough, but those fucking rock 'formations' are just
             | narcissistic environment destroyers.
        
       | Karawebnetwork wrote:
       | I find it weird that they jump right to crypto.
       | 
       | Couldn't it be something else? Some projects come to mind like
       | https://www.blitzortung.org/en/cover_your_area.php or the one
       | where people have boxes that track gravitional waves.
       | 
       | Did I miss something that hinted at crypto in the article?
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | The Helium network is basically just IoT miners meshed with
         | LoraWAN. The description and picture very much do sound like a
         | solar powered Helium node.
        
         | Kiro wrote:
         | Watch the video and do an image search on "helium crypto solar
         | power". You will see many devices that look like that. Crypto
         | is a plausible explanation.
        
         | mjfl wrote:
         | or perhaps a means to control hobbyist drones at a longer
         | range...
        
           | DueDilligence wrote:
           | .. exactly. My brother is an ARC-GIS engineer with BLM and
           | the have a fleet of drones that tie into SAT info.
        
         | bcraven wrote:
         | Final paragraph:
         | 
         | "Fonarow pointed out that cryptocurrency is just one idea the
         | city has heard. Trail officials may learn more once the locked
         | boxes are opened."
        
           | throitallaway wrote:
           | > once the locked boxes are opened
           | 
           | Find someone with a big hammer or drill?
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Or good at locksport
        
             | babypuncher wrote:
             | They want to open these boxes in a way that minimizes the
             | risk of destroying any evidence they contain.
        
       | madengr wrote:
       | [dead]
        
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