[HN Gopher] Cargo Cult Quantum Factoring
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       Cargo Cult Quantum Factoring
        
       Author : FartyMcFarter
       Score  : 193 points
       Date   : 2023-01-05 14:38 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scottaaronson.blog)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scottaaronson.blog)
        
       | yalue wrote:
       | One of the most fun (?) parts of academia is the unique blend of
       | frustration and satisfaction that results when a shoddy paper
       | somehow clears peer review only to get eviscerated when it lands
       | on the desk of an actual expert.
       | 
       | "the detailed exploration of irrelevancies" LOL, if that isn't a
       | "time-tested" method for making a paper _sound_ academic, I don
       | 't know what is.
        
         | ramraj07 wrote:
         | This is not always the case. SA and Sabine, are the hyper rare
         | outliers in this regard. Fields like biology have no such folks
         | for variety of reasons (I'm counting out some celebrities
         | involved in pointing out actual misconduct instead of sloppy
         | work).
        
           | biomcgary wrote:
           | Biology has so many exceptions and idiosyncrasies compared to
           | physics that being broadly competent is difficult.
           | 
           | Physics found the "zoo" of diverse particles to be inelegant
           | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_zoo). In biology,
           | actual zoos hold a small fraction of diversity at the
           | organismal level. The diversity at the molecular level is
           | insanely high and the vast majority of "rules" have
           | exceptions. Even the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology (http
           | s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_dogma_of_molecular_bio...)
           | is a bit messy, unless stated fairly carefully (e.g.,
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24965874/).
        
           | lofatdairy wrote:
           | Who even are the big science communicators in for current
           | research in bio? Nobody comes to mind, not even a non-
           | professor.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | Eric Topol
        
               | faitswulff wrote:
               | Akiko Iwasaki aka @virusesimmunity on Twitter is also a
               | good follow for, well, viruses and immunity.
               | 
               | Ed Yong for excellent long form journalism.
        
         | cscurmudgeon wrote:
         | > the detailed exploration of irrelevancies
         | 
         | Also signals a bad reviewer who wanted their work cited. Not in
         | this case though.
        
         | hannob wrote:
         | It hasn't cleared peer review, it's a preprint (which is pretty
         | common in cryptography, peer review usually happens when
         | results are already old news).
        
       | 0xf00ff00f wrote:
       | In the original paper they claim to have factored a 48-bit number
       | with an implementation of their algorithm. Did they use some kind
       | of trick?
        
         | fsh wrote:
         | The actual work is done by a classical computer. Factoring a
         | 48-bit number is not exactly difficult.
        
         | chowells wrote:
         | Why would they need to have done so? The blog post argues
         | there's no evidence this is any faster than classical Schnorr's
         | algorithm, and classical Schnorr's algorithm can easily factor
         | a 48-bit number.
         | 
         | And as the post also makes very sure to point out, Schnorr !=
         | Shor.
        
           | Bootvis wrote:
           | Shnorr != Schnorr
        
             | chowells wrote:
             | Eh. Spelling is hard, especially when you don't know the
             | country of origin for proper names. What're you gonna do?
        
             | yowzadave wrote:
             | Also Schnorr != Shor != Schneier, which was a confusion in
             | the HN thread about Bruce Schneier's response to this paper
        
       | Tomte wrote:
       | Real title: Cargo Cult Quantum Factoring
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jwilk wrote:
         | The submission title was "Scott Aaronson weighs in on purported
         | quantum factoring breakthrough", but it's been fixed.
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | He's referring to this:
       | 
       | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.12372
       | 
       | Scott's take:
       | 
       |  _> NO. JUST NO._
        
         | melling wrote:
         | There are over 20 names on that paper. That is unusual?
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | In academia? No. Everyone and their mom will add their name
           | to any paper they can to get references.
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | Yeah, and this is a as bad as it sounds.
             | 
             | A pyramidal scheme, nothing less.
        
           | computerphage wrote:
           | I don't know why you're downvoted. I think it's not unusual
           | given the field. Certainly some fields have much larger
           | average number of authors than others
        
             | 77pt77 wrote:
             | This is not experimental particle physics, where CERN just
             | publishes everyone in CMS or ATLAS.
             | 
             | Apparently the most recent ones just mention the *
             | Collaboration, but I distinctively remember seeing papers
             | with hundreds of names in the author list.
        
       | svat wrote:
       | Contrast with HN discussion of the purported breakthrough:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34235350
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | I'm not seeing the contrast. Aaronson speaks more definitively.
         | But the top comments on HN [1][2] were well-reasoned
         | scepticism.
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34237886
         | 
         | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34237218
        
           | svat wrote:
           | While it's indeed true that the top two threads' root
           | comments are sceptical, replies to them, and further threads,
           | present counter-arguments -- one could easily come away from
           | reading the HN discussion thinking that there's something to
           | this paper. (And indeed, see
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34261645)
        
           | barathr wrote:
           | And Schneier's own post expressed skepticism while noting
           | that this is something that should be check-able now.
        
         | cwillu wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | detrites wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
       | ablatt89 wrote:
       | It looks like the paper specifically claims to create an
       | optimized quantum algorithm for SR pair finding which is most
       | time consuming part the Schnorr fatoring algorithm. It starts
       | with a classical computational lattice problem, defines the
       | optimization problem in a specific form (3), and then maps it to
       | a Hamiltonian to represent a lattice matrix and a PauliZ matrix
       | ((1, 0), (0, -1)) (4) and if we have a Hamiltonian, we can create
       | a QC.
       | 
       | The proof of the reduced memory complexity is linked in section
       | 31 but it is really long winded however, it seems the classical
       | Schnorr lattice reduction problem for factoring integers has a
       | space complexity of O((logN)^(a)/a*loglogN)) which according to
       | the author, since the paper can map SR pair finding (the time
       | consuming piece of Schnorr's algorithm) to a Hamiltonian, we then
       | have a quantum factoring algorithm of the same complexity.
       | 
       | Seems pretty handwavy to me.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | escape_goat wrote:
       | I have no comment of actual value to contribute but I note that
       | by the standards of the field we can infer the existence of the
       | Schxorr algorithm.
        
       | furyofantares wrote:
       | Earlier comment thread on Schneier's post about it:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34235350
       | 
       | I find this an interesting case because most of us probably can't
       | rely on very much of our own reasoning to evaluate, and rely on
       | beliefs about Schneier or Aaronson or other posters here.
       | 
       | At least I noticed I was less skeptical than I otherwise would be
       | due to the earlier post coming from Schneier, despite some very
       | critical comments of the paper here, and then also noticed this
       | slight hesitation to be skeptical went away completely with
       | Scott's post.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
       | << If I'm slow to answer comments, it'll be because I'm dealing
       | with two screaming kids.
       | 
       | This is about the only downside ( and simultaneous benefit ) of
       | staying at home. I am genuinely glad he weighed in. I do not have
       | enough background knowledge to evaluate the initial claims.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | > All told, this is one of the most actively misleading quantum
       | computing papers I've seen in 25 years, and I've seen ... many.
        
       | ramdac wrote:
       | Tl;dr? = there's no breakthrough.
        
         | jp57 wrote:
         | It's really not tl, tho.
        
           | yshavit wrote:
           | And it contains its own tldr, in the form of "<h2>No. Just
           | No.</h2>".
           | 
           | We need a new acronym: tl;dc: "too lazy; didn't click"
        
             | taylorius wrote:
             | >No. Just No.
             | 
             | tl;dr?
        
       | dQw4w9WgXcQ wrote:
       | Eventually Scott Aaronson will be wrong. Call it a reverse black
       | swan, but we will all remember it as the day the quantum
       | computing era began.
        
         | krastanov wrote:
         | Scott Aaronson is not a quantum-computing skeptic, quite the
         | opposite, he has always seemed optimistic about its prospects
         | and his work has been fundamental to progress in the field. He
         | just does not like hyped-up work that has little substance. If
         | anything, Bruce Schneier should have been a bit more skeptical
         | - this type hyped-up unreviewed preprint papers appear very
         | frequently these days.
        
         | inasio wrote:
         | Just wanted to point out that Scott Aaronson is not one of
         | those anti quantum curmudgeons. Besides bashing on companies
         | with questionable claims, I think he's been pretty open minded
         | about looking for problems and algorithms with actual quantum
         | advantages.
        
           | nyrikki wrote:
           | As someone who lived though one AI winter and seriously fears
           | another, I view fighting hype is important to allowing useful
           | research to happen.
           | 
           | 'Super position' and 'entanglement' have been overly
           | mystified in QM in general and the implications of
           | probabilistic Turing machines vs the typical non-
           | deterministic Turning machine examples is important.
           | 
           | While probabilistic Turing machines are non-deterministic,
           | they don't work the way that most examples offer.
           | 
           | Same problem with elementary descriptions of entropy so it
           | isn't just the quantum fields problem.
        
         | sebzim4500 wrote:
         | Scott Aaronson is more than willing to praise research whenever
         | there has been actual progress made. There is just a lot of
         | bullshit in his field (or maybe there is a normal amount of
         | bullshit but it is amplified more by the media).
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | The bullshit ratio in quantum computing is the highest I've
           | seen in any field, followed only by ML (the difference being
           | that there is ML non-bullshit, while quantum computing hasn't
           | been shown to be useful for any real problem, but there have
           | been huge advances in the underlying technologies).
        
             | krastanov wrote:
             | Quantum sensing is a pretty huge *practical* advance that
             | is due to the overall work of Quantum Information Science
             | (computing included).
        
               | fsh wrote:
               | To my knowledge the only "practical" application of
               | quantum sensing so far has been the use of squeezed light
               | in some gravitational wave detectors. However, this has
               | absolutely nothing to do with quantum information
               | science. Getting an actual advantage out of quantum
               | effects has so far been remarkably difficult.
        
               | krastanov wrote:
               | Answering here, but this really covers the sibling
               | comment from dekhn.
               | 
               | To me it seem quite wild to have quantum sensing
               | separated from the rest of quantum information science.
               | It would be like saying that classical SNR considerations
               | are unrelated to Shannon's introduction of error
               | correcting codes (the birth of information science). But
               | if that is your preference, it does not make much sense
               | to argue. Either way, most scientist who work on quantum
               | information science also see their work apply
               | specifically to sensing.
               | 
               | Similarly, it seems strange to me to insist on
               | specifically focusing on quantum computing, when the
               | majority of technology developments in quantum
               | information science apply both to sensing and to
               | computing (one of which is simply easier thanks to its
               | analog nature).
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I think it's a stretch to relate that to quantum
               | computing, which normally describes making systems that
               | can... well, compute! Quantum sensing is more an
               | application of quantum theory and exploitation of quantum
               | effects to improve photonics applications.
        
       | vouaobrasil wrote:
       | As a former researcher in the sciences, I get the feeling that
       | "cargo cult" research is not all that uncommon, especially when a
       | idea gets embedded in the popular stream of thought. There is a
       | whole cluster of cargo cult publishing when it comes to
       | evolutionary theory because of the misunderstanding of natural
       | selection. In mathematics there is Godel's incompleteness
       | theorems, and in computer science we have quantum computing.
       | 
       | With regard to quantum computing, I find it as irritating as the
       | author of the blog. And I honestly think the internet is to
       | blame, because it has increased the reward for being notorious,
       | at least in the sense that there is more attention bestowed upon
       | you for making spurious claims. And I believe the internet is
       | also to blame for people desiring such attention, because the
       | technology of the internet has displaced genuine, social
       | interaction with superficial fluff that bears little resemblance
       | to what humans actually need to feel socially fulfilled.
        
       | adamsmith143 wrote:
       | I did graduate work in Materials Science and the understanding in
       | our lab was to be very skeptical of papers from China,
       | particularly from the State Key Labs as they were very often
       | impossible to replicate and ended up being useless. Seems
       | relevant to this paper as well.
        
         | qwezxcrty wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | mmcgaha wrote:
           | My racist view is that Chinese people are smarter than
           | western people.
           | 
           | Do you have a problem with that type of racism?
           | 
           | What if it is true?
           | 
           | If it is just my personal observation but don't make
           | decisions based on race, am I still a bad person for
           | recognizing a pattern in the people I know?
        
             | 778hbff wrote:
             | By this argument you are validating the invalid type of
             | argument GP is making.
        
               | mmcgaha wrote:
               | The only people who are pure of heart live in a tribe
               | that has never interacted with outsiders. Everyone else
               | is tainted.
        
           | TchoBeer wrote:
           | There are tons, literally hundreds of Chinese-Americans and
           | Chinese-Europeans and Chinese immigrants living all over the
           | world who do research, and their work is not at all suspect.
           | The reason why Chinese papers are suspect has to do with the
           | academic and financial incentives which exist in the modern
           | day People's Republic of China. With that being said, it's
           | definitely possible that Chinese papers are perceived as
           | suspect for racist reasons as well.
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | China the country, not Chinese the race. They're not the
           | same, and it's not racism to throw shade at a country that
           | deserves shade.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | Can you explain, in detail, why you believe that making a
           | statement about the scientific output of a country, as
           | measured by paper quality, is necessarily racist? In
           | particular, I'm going to challenge you on this because the
           | "racism" argument has been used as an easy cop-out to
           | denigrate an opinion all-too-commonly.
           | 
           | Please just explain your thinking of why it's "racist".
           | Assume your reader is aware of the effects of socioeconomic
           | status, national ambitions to become a science powerhouse,
           | and the incentives to publish groundbreaking work.
        
           | 778hbff wrote:
           | The criticism was on the country, representing its system of
           | academic publications, not on Chinese people and
           | characteristics unique to their genetics or similar.
           | 
           | Your argument is similar to calling anybody an antisemite who
           | criticizes Israels politics. You're rightfully being
           | downvoted.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | A country, and specific institutions within, having a bad
           | reputation for published research reliability isn't racism.
        
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