[HN Gopher] The (Almost) Definitive 486DX/50 Article
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The (Almost) Definitive 486DX/50 Article
        
       Author : ibobev
       Score  : 103 points
       Date   : 2023-01-05 11:12 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (brassicgamer.blogspot.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (brassicgamer.blogspot.com)
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | The 486 was such a massive improvement over the 386. And the
       | DX2/66 felt like almost as big of an improvement over the
       | 25/33MHz 486's.
       | 
       | The 486 landscape was weird. You had crippled, 386-like versions
       | such as the 486DLC/SLC, Intel's DX4's that hit 75 or 100MHz, and
       | clones that went up to somewhere around 133MHz (by this time the
       | Pentiums had hit the streets, so the 486's on steroids were for
       | budget users). And they were often given similar sounding names
       | to the 586, to further confuse buyers.
       | 
       | It was amazing, and infuriating, to have your decently high-end
       | system basically obsoleted in two generations. And, the DOS to
       | Windows transition didn't help matters. It seems really odd in a
       | time where you could still be using a 10 year old i7 and be just
       | fine.
        
         | bartread wrote:
         | > It was amazing, and infuriating, to have your decently high-
         | end system basically obsoleted in two generations. And, the DOS
         | to Windows transition didn't help matters. It seems really odd
         | in a time where you could still be using a 10 year old i7 and
         | be just fine.
         | 
         | Indeed, and this went on for a good 10 years - possibly more -
         | I think. I remember being annoyed that my decently high end
         | system, purchased at the beginning of 2000, could no longer run
         | many of the latest games (in some cases not even coming close
         | to minimum specs) by early- to mid-2002.
         | 
         | I really stretched myself to buy that system in the first place
         | and couldn't afford to replace it for years. I bought a new
         | system in 2004 and then didn't buy another until 2011 when I
         | moved to laptops and bought a 17" Macbook Pro (by which time it
         | too felt very obsolete, whereas that 2011 MBP would still be
         | fine if its GPU hadn't desoldered itself in 2017).
         | 
         | Nowadays I run a 7 year old MBP that's still more than capable
         | of handling everything I need. Biggest issue is the battery
         | life is really starting to suffer.
        
           | retrac wrote:
           | > Indeed, and this went on for a good 10 years - possibly
           | more - I think.
           | 
           | Many more. An Apple II+ from 1979 was approaching obsolete in
           | 1984. An IBM PC from 1985 was obsolete by 1990. A 386 machine
           | from 1990 was obsolete by 1995. A Pentium machine from 1995
           | was obsolete in 2000. A Pentium III from 2000 was nearly
           | obsolete in 2005. This cycle started in the late 70s, and I
           | guess continued until computers were "fast enough" for all
           | the typical software they might run. Video was the last big
           | one. Even very cheap computers are now fast enough to render
           | complex documents and display video, more or less instantly
           | (at least with the right software). So, for most users they
           | subjectively seem "fast enough".
           | 
           | Things do seem more stable these days, in terms of general
           | compatibility. A Pentium III machine can still boot a current
           | Linux distro, if rather slowly. And 20+ year old USB
           | peripherals will still work on a modern machine. That's quite
           | a change from the era when a new, incompatible architecture
           | or peripheral bus came out every five years.
        
           | techsupporter wrote:
           | > Indeed, and this went on for a good 10 years - possibly
           | more - I think. I remember being annoyed that my decently
           | high end system, purchased at the beginning of 2000, could no
           | longer run many of the latest games
           | 
           | I remember this period of very rapid advancement, too. It was
           | such a trope in the computer market at the time, Weird Al
           | even made fun of it in his lyrics:
           | 
           |  _My new computer 's got the clocks, it rocks
           | 
           | But it was obsolete before I opened the box
           | 
           | You say you've had your desktop for over a week?
           | 
           | Throw that junk away, man, it's an antique!
           | 
           | Your laptop is a month old? Well, that's great
           | 
           | If you could use a nice, heavy paperweight_
           | 
           | (It's All About the Pentiums, 1999, "Running with Scissors")
        
           | wpm wrote:
           | I just gifted a 2013 MBP to my father after replacing the
           | battery. It's a pain in the neck to replace, but fairly
           | doable if you're even slightly inclined to hardware repair
           | and can read instructions. Worst part was dissolving all the
           | glue. Not sure why Apple felt the need to use seemingly
           | aviation grade VHB tape to keep the batteries in, but it's a
           | lot of acetone and a lot of scraping to get it all off. All
           | it took was $90 for the kit and a couple hours.
        
           | anthk wrote:
           | I feel your pain. By 2005, my AMD Athlon XP with 256MB of RAM
           | and GF2 was junk.
        
         | deckard1 wrote:
         | > It was amazing, and infuriating, to have your decently high-
         | end system basically obsoleted in two generations.
         | 
         | I remember this all too well. And PCs were _expensive_.
         | $2,000-3,000 rigs in 1990 money. Today you can pick up a loaded
         | Ryzen laptop for less than _half_ that in 2023 money. Crazy.
         | 
         | In the early '90s I was still on an IBM XT clone from around
         | 1986 with CGA graphics and monitor. Few of the new games I
         | wanted to play would work on it. It was worse when the 386 came
         | out. Today, with a machine built around 2017 and a GTX 1080 I
         | can still play most new games just fine.
         | 
         | I do kinda miss when AMD and Intel shared the CPU socket. I had
         | a AMD 386dx40, which IIRC Intel never made a 386 that fast.
        
           | yazantapuz wrote:
           | We can finally bought a (amd) 386 PC on... 1994, so go figure
           | our luck trying playing the most recent games.
        
         | ido wrote:
         | 486DLC/SLC were not really "crippled versions", they were
         | completely different CPU designs that used the 486 name as
         | Intel wasn't able to stop other companies from using a number
         | (one of the reasons for naming the next cpu family "pentium"
         | which they could trademark/copyright). The crippled versions
         | were the 486SXs, which disabled the FPU.
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | _> The crippled versions were the 486SXs, which disabled the
           | FPU._
           | 
           | Though for many use cases at the time, that wasn't a massive
           | issue. Many games didn't take advantage of the FPU until far
           | into the 486 era, they were only starting to when the Pentium
           | and its competitors came out (a killer for Cyrix's P5-era
           | chips which despite a very strong integer performance had
           | terrible floating-point umph).
           | 
           | There were 487 FPU co-processors, to upgrade 486SXs, though
           | unlike the 287 and 387 before them they weren't really co-
           | processors, they were actually full 486 chips and the main
           | CPU was disabled when they were present.
           | 
           | The name caused confusion because SX in 386 meant something
           | completely different (there was no built-in FPU to disable):
           | a 16-bit data bus instead of 32-bit and 24-bit address bus,
           | along with more minor changes, so it would work on cheaper
           | motherboards originally designed with 286's in mind.
        
             | bluedino wrote:
             | The 486SLC kept the 16-bit bus, but I don't remember what
             | it was about the DLC but it was much slower than an Intel
             | 486 of the same clockspeed even thought it was a full
             | 32-bit chip. I want to say it was something like it still
             | used 386 motherboard designs (in both cases).
        
               | myself248 wrote:
               | ISTR the SLC introduced SMM that allowed laptops to use
               | the main CPU to do things that otherwise would've
               | required an elaborate embedded controller.
               | 
               | And thus began the trend of having entire layers of
               | functionality in the CPU that were outside the view of
               | the OS which thought it was running at ring 0....
        
         | spookthesunset wrote:
         | During that time the tech moved so fast it was worthless to try
         | to upgrade existing hardware. By the time you wanted to upgrade
         | almost everything had changed. New CPU socket, new memory,
         | new/faster peripheral bus, etc.
         | 
         | About all you could keep between builds was the case, the
         | monitor, the keyboard/mouse and maybe the power supply and
         | soundcard.
         | 
         | It was almost always more cost effective to buy a new, much
         | larger drive...
        
           | thriftwy wrote:
           | Mice also went from COM to PS/2 to USB, though ball mouse
           | tended to break down earlier than it became obsolete.
           | 
           | DIN keyboards probably still work, though. No Win key.
        
             | ridgered4 wrote:
             | Man ball mice sucked, it seemed like I was always cleaning
             | the rollers. I generally am an early adopter of nothing but
             | I rushed out to buy that first Microsoft Optical mouse. I
             | was still using it on a secondary machine until a couple
             | years ago when it finally died.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > the 486's on steroids were for budget users
         | 
         | As far as i remember Pentium at 100 MHz was slower than a 486
         | DX/4 at 100 MHz
        
           | rograndom wrote:
           | I remember seeing one of the first Pentium's, it was either a
           | 60 or 66mhz, but it was STUPIDLY fast. Way faster than any
           | 486 we had at the time. We were just watching someone play
           | Windows 3.11 solitaire on it and laughing when they won
           | because the card "waterfall" animation took what felt like 1
           | second to complete. It was probably longer, maybe 3-4
           | seconds, but on our 486's it was probably 10-15 seconds.
        
           | mschaef wrote:
           | > As far as i remember Pentium at 100 MHz was slower than a
           | 486 DX/4 at 100 MHz
           | 
           | No... the Pentium had advantages in both IPC (two pipes vs
           | one) and bus speed (66MHz/64 bit vs at most 50MHz/32 bit).
           | 
           | I'd be interested to see a more info on this this, but I
           | suspect you'd be hard pressed to write anything at all on the
           | DX4 that ran faster than on the Pentium.
           | 
           | (The jump from Pentium to Pentium Pro would've been
           | different, due to the way the Pentium Pro deliberately
           | sacrificed 16-bit performance for gains on the 32-bit
           | workloads Intel thought would dominate by then.)
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | Nope, the original Pentiums at 60/66 MHz were sometimes
           | slower than 486 DX/4 at 100 MHz, but I don't remember the
           | specifics. Pentium at 90 MHz was already faster at all times,
           | the 100 MHz one had no competition from that DX/4.
        
         | jug wrote:
         | Ahh, my first PC after jumping ship from the Amiga like a
         | filthy traitor, but having to accept facts that Commodore was
         | dying and PC taking the market by storm. During the 386 days I
         | honestly think it was still so immature for gaming that the
         | Amiga still felt better, but by 486 and when I switched there
         | was no longer a contest although PC was still unfriendlier for
         | games with the AUTOEXEC.BAT/CONFIG.SYS and Conventional RAM
         | acrobatics. It was funny, PC at this time felt like powerhouses
         | but ancient at the same time, coming from the Amiga. Ancient
         | powerhouses! It's like they had recently discovered 16 bit
         | sound, like... what...
         | 
         | But anyway, I jumped on board with the 486 DX2/66 which was the
         | bee's knees. After a year or two, I overclocked it to 80 MHz to
         | run Duke Nukem 3D or Quake or whatever for a _very precious_ +5
         | fps or so because your framerate was often in the 20 fps range.
         | Made a huge difference. So 20% clock speed was big! I even
         | upgraded to DX4/100 during a weekend of tinkering with my high
         | school friends for another +20% and at that point FPS games of
         | the time ran pretty well indeed! As well as the recent Windows
         | 3.11 of course which was starting to feel like nothing special!
         | Damn that computer was really fast! I topped it off with a
         | Soundblaster AWE32 and MIDI music sounded amazing too with its
         | software soundbanks.
         | 
         | Following this I went to Pentium 133 MHz, and it feels like the
         | world of computing changed less and less following that. Things
         | got more convenient as the x86 architecture won rather than
         | having a smorgasbord of viable home computing options, but also
         | a little bit more boring.
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | I'd say things got "boring" quite a while after the pentiums.
           | All the peripherals like the cd burner got faster. Memory got
           | larger and faster. Video got substantially faster. Network
           | went from 10mbits to 1gb over time. Smarter power management
           | started to exist. USB came online. Wi-Fi started to exist.
           | 
           | I'd say things got "boring" after the clock wars. Now says
           | the clock is basically the same as it was 5 or even 10 years
           | ago (though massively more parallel, etc). Average memory
           | size seems to have peaked around 16gb (though substantially
           | faster and more parallel). Average disk size has remained
           | about the same (though way, way, way faster thanks to SSD's).
           | 
           | Also things have gotten much smaller and more energy
           | efficient. Back in the day your motherboard had all kinds of
           | discrete shit on it. The board was huge in comparison to a
           | modern board.
           | 
           | Note: it's been a good 10 or 15 years since I've built a
           | desktop PC from parts... I kinda miss it.
        
             | deckard1 wrote:
             | Boring maybe. But I'll take the sheer joy of plugging in a
             | random USB device and having it _just work_ over the
             | absolutely pain it was dealing with serial and parallel
             | ports and I /O addresses, DMA channels, IRQ conflicts, etc.
             | And everything talks WiFi today. It's amazing. I have 64GB
             | on my main machine. I can run (virtual) machines within
             | machines! That's a goddamn miracle if you ask me. I bought
             | some cheap HDMI capture stick for $10! I plug it in to USB
             | and the thing _just works_. And in Linux. How?! I had
             | Hauppauge WinTV PCI capture card in the late  '90s and that
             | thing barely worked (with their awful proprietary drivers
             | and software) in Windows, never mind Linux support.
             | 
             | > The board was huge in comparison to a modern board.
             | 
             | The ATX form factor is still the most popular. Mini ITX is
             | around today, but based on the fact that vendors only make
             | a few models compared to their ATX selection tells me most
             | builders still use ATX. I guess the AT form factor was
             | larger, but ATX has been around since '95 or so.
        
           | ogurechny wrote:
           | Period-correct soundtrack to this comment in the form of
           | someone's tracker file I've accidentally discovered some time
           | ago:
           | 
           | http://modarchive.org/module.php?153383
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | Don't forget the maths co-processor you could add as well...
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | xenon2 wrote:
       | Very interesting article.
       | 
       | On side note, I've had Am486Dx4VT8 (8 kb internal cache in WT
       | mode). I was able to run it in 2x50MHz mode with Trident VLB card
       | - it was my first "overclock" to have somewhat playable Quake
       | experience (but not really).
        
       | Veliladon wrote:
       | The biggest problem with the DX/50 was the bus. AMD was already
       | struggling to run the VLB at 40MHz with their DX-40 parts. A lot
       | of video cards couldn't handle it and running certain hard drives
       | controllers on that speed sometimes ran the risk of corrupting
       | disks. I can imagine that the DX/50 was a hellscape of I/O trying
       | to find cards that could run at the 50MHz bus clock or being
       | stuck at EISA's 33MB/sec.
        
         | danbruc wrote:
         | My first PC was a 486DX/50 and until today I was totally
         | unaware of the potential bus timing issues but I can not
         | remember ever having had issues. But this might finally explain
         | why it came with a turbo button - even though it should
         | probably be called an anti-turbo button - that allowed changing
         | the clock to 10 MHz. But now I wonder why they would have made
         | it that slow instead of say 25 MHz or 33 MHz? I vaguely
         | remember using the slower clock to make games playable that
         | were running way to fast, so maybe that also factored into it.
        
           | elzbardico wrote:
           | If I am recalling correctly the turbo button was a workaround
           | for software that had problems running at the high speeds.
           | But I may be mistaken.
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | The Turbo button did exist on processors that ran over 4.77
           | MHz of the original 8086. I had a Turbo button on the 9.54
           | MHz 8088, also on the 386 DX/40 (lowering the frequency to 8
           | MHz IIRC), it was not specific to 486. Actually the 486 was
           | the last CPU that had that button, I think.
        
         | myself248 wrote:
         | I had one of those AMD 486DX40's and it was a screamer.
         | 
         | Yes, very picky about VLB card choice and even placement; we
         | had a big multi-IO card (possibly made by DFI?) and a Trident
         | SVGA card, and it took a few days of shuffling and benchmarking
         | and stability testing to find the optimum arrangement. ISTR
         | that if the IO card was closest to the CPU, it simply wouldn't
         | boot about half the time, and it was unstable if it did.
         | Putting the IO in the third VLB slot and the video card in the
         | second, leaving the first empty, seemed to be the best
         | arrangement. And it left the IDE cables reasonably close to the
         | drives, so that was a win.
         | 
         | But once we got all the drivers loaded for that IO card and
         | stuff, it absolutely flew. Ran rings around a lot of Pentium/90
         | systems because their 33MHz bus just couldn't keep up, and in
         | the days before GPUs, pushing pixels into video RAM was a
         | contest of raw bus bandwidth and very little else. We
         | eventually had quite a lot of drives on that machine, so
         | UDMA/33 moved a lot of bytes while still leaving spare bus
         | cycles for overhead.
         | 
         | I tried overclocking it to 50MHz a few times, and the IO and
         | VGA cards were both capable, it was the RAM that shat itself.
         | The upper 3MB of RAM would just vanish, leaving only 1MB, which
         | was honestly a fair tradeoff for some things -- I'd boot in
         | that config if I had a lot of PKZIP to do, or for rendering
         | fractal graphics, which didn't use a lot of RAM but really
         | appreciated the extra clock speed. Then clock it back down and
         | reboot to use the results of those operations.
         | 
         | Underclocking was also nice, and something I did frequently, so
         | I could unplug the CPU fan and enjoy some quietude during a
         | long BBS file transfer, which certainly didn't need much CPU
         | grunt. The mobo clock generator didn't mind being re-jumpered
         | while the system was on, and going from 40MHz to 16MHz (I
         | think) was a simple matter of adding or removing one jumper
         | cap, as I recall. I could reach through the floppy-drive
         | opening in the front of the case and do this after a download
         | started. Then switch off the monitor, and listen to the quiet
         | tick-hiss of interference on my FM radio, which picked up just
         | enough of WHYT 96.3 in the basement that I could listen to some
         | alt-rock while also being aware of the UART ISR being hit. When
         | the ticking stopped, the modem was idle, turn the monitor back
         | on, jumper the CPU back up to speed and plug the CPU fan back
         | in while the CRT warmed up, and get on with unpacking the file.
        
           | Zardoz84 wrote:
           | My first PC was an AMD 386DX40 with a OAK SVGA 1MiB , a SB 2
           | clone card, a 200MiB hd and X2 Sony CDROM drive... I remember
           | that worked very nice and stable. And that I could play Doom
           | 2 and Sim City 2000 without issues.
        
         | saltcured wrote:
         | I remember having a 486DX4/100 (a clock-tripled 33 MHz bus and
         | 99 MHz core). I downloaded the reference manuals from Intel and
         | found the pins I could jumper to change the clock multipler
         | from x3 to x2, and then I increased the bus speed to 50 MHz to
         | effectively have a 486 DX2/100.
         | 
         | I don't remember all the hardware details anymore, but I think
         | I tested system stability by recompiling XFree86 on Linux. This
         | was something I already knew how to do as a beta tester for 2D
         | accelerator drivers, and it took many hours and so seemed like
         | a good test...
        
           | xenospn wrote:
           | First thing I would do when I got a new CPU was FreeBSD make
           | world or re-compiling wine from source.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | newfie_bullet wrote:
       | My first computer was an IBM EduQuest 486 SX/50
       | (https://www.ardent-tool.com/EduQuest/EduQuest_55.jpg) - great
       | memories of taking that apart and learning about how things
       | worked (glad my parents didn't know what was going on after
       | spending $2000 on a computer for 'school work')
        
       | fsagx wrote:
       | My first PC was a 486DX50 from the bargain bin (with no box or
       | accessories) at Best Buy. I never had a fully new system again,
       | as each newer configuration still had many parts of the old ones.
       | Very Ship of Theseus.
        
       | NotYourLawyer wrote:
       | This takes me back, although my first computer was a 486SX 25
       | MHz. At some point I inadvertently over locked it (long before I
       | heard that word) because there was a jumper to change the bus
       | from 25 to 33. I couldn't believe it just... worked!
        
       | marttt wrote:
       | Are there any moderately priced 486 SBCs available these days?
       | The ones I've encountered (forgotten the links) were in the
       | $200-or-so range. Surprisingly expensive, or not?
       | 
       | I would love to have a dirt cheap fanless 486 minicomputer for
       | FreeDOS (SvarDOS). Not for gaming, mostly for writing and some
       | hobbyist coding. (I'm an ultra-slow thinker, so a single-tasking
       | system is very probably plenty for most things. :)
       | 
       | Currently thinking about this one, with Vortex86 -- but it is
       | still, well, fairly expensive as compared to something like a
       | RasPi: https://icop-shop.com/product/ebox-3100/
       | 
       | As for fanless and low spec, there is, of course, this wonderful
       | table of thin clients:
       | https://www.parkytowers.me.uk/thin/hware/hardware.shtml
        
       | johnklos wrote:
       | It was a very interesting time in computing history. The changes
       | from the i80286 to the i80386 were extreme - the i386 gave us a
       | fundamentally different instruction set that common 32 bit
       | systems still use in 2023.
       | 
       | On the other hand, the changes in the i80486 were purely about
       | speed: relatively large built-in caches, integrated FPU,
       | significantly better pipelining and so on.
       | 
       | It was the last time Motorola really competed with Intel. The
       | m68040 was all about performance, too, and Motorola's chip was
       | faster in integer, floating point, synthetic and real world uses,
       | clock for clock. (The m68060 was somewhat competitive with the
       | Pentium, but people weren't choosing between x86 and m68k by
       | then.) The x86 world really owes some thanks to Motorola for the
       | competition.
       | 
       | However, the fact that Intel was selling '486s like hotcakes
       | meant they spent the time and money to continue to improve the
       | '486, so the clocks went way up. The m68040 never had any clock
       | improvements over 40 MHz.
       | 
       | An i80486 system can still run NetBSD decently in 2023, which is
       | a testament to the generally good performance of the CPU :)
        
         | mschaef wrote:
         | > The changes from the i80286 to the i80386 were extreme
         | 
         | It was the 386 that really put the platform's strategy squarely
         | in the realm of general purpose computing.
         | 
         | The 8088 and 8086 were intended as short term backfills for the
         | gap left by the dismal performance and high cost of i432. The
         | 8018x chips were targeted at the embedded space and the 80286
         | was targeted at phone switches. It was really something of an
         | accident that the 286 worked in the PC AT class machines as
         | well as it did.
         | 
         | The 80386 was Intel's realization that they were successful in
         | general purpose desktop computing and needed a product targeted
         | specifically at that space, and with backward compatibility in
         | mind.
        
         | chungy wrote:
         | Intel pushed the 486 up to 100 MHz via the iDX4 chip (which
         | lost the i486 branding, but it's still what it is). Initially
         | intended for embedded systems, it was sold directly also to
         | consumers with the "OverDrive" brand attached. (Maybe it was
         | unsold stock from the embedded attempt?)
         | 
         | AMD would further push its own 486 chips to 150 MHz, and I
         | recall the raw clockspeed allowed it to stay competitive
         | against the lower-end Pentiums (60-75 MHz), but architectural
         | changes in the Pentium (branch prediction and out of order
         | execution) really let the Pentium fly away from the 486 at
         | fewer necessary cycles.
        
           | mschaef wrote:
           | > Initially intended for embedded systems, it was sold
           | directly also to consumers with the "OverDrive" brand
           | attached.
           | 
           | They also spent some effort marketing the DX4 as a low end
           | alternative to the Pentium. It was possible to buy/build DX4
           | machines. Trouble there is the same as any other low end
           | offering of the time - it got steamrolled by better
           | technology coming down in price as quickly as it did. The
           | window of opportunity for anything low end was not that
           | large.
        
       | tedunangst wrote:
       | > It's possible that some operations, particularly those that
       | involve memory- or disk-intensive access, may actually be slower
       | with the DX2/66 than with the DX/33.
       | 
       | Some things never change. The mechanical translation of "not
       | faster than" to "slower than" is ever prevalent.
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | This bring back fond memories.
       | 
       | I had a 486DX2/66
        
         | mschaef wrote:
         | I went 8088->386SX->486DX/33->P5/100->...
         | 
         | The 386SX transition was nice, because it also brought Windows
         | (with its standard printer drivers) and enough memory and video
         | capability to start to do interesting work with graphics. It
         | brought most of what I'd call the baseline capabilities of a
         | modern computer, with the subsequent generations mainly just
         | adding capacity.
         | 
         | It was interesting at the time, though, that the 486 I had was
         | mainly heavily constrained by expansion bandwidth. It had an
         | accelerator for the video, but the connection from the CPU into
         | the video card was just 16-bit ISA. Anything that had to
         | transit the bus was glacial - so it couldn't really do more
         | than 8bpp graphics. It was a great argument in support of local
         | bus (and a source of some amount of envy when VLB DX2/66's
         | started showing up... computationally only about double speed,
         | but so much more capability to drive the screen).
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | Our Family went straight from the 8088 + cga graphics to the
           | pentium 100mhz (really an overclockerd 90mhz model) + sound
           | blaster card + matrox something and a decent Sony screen .
           | 
           | Quite a big jump :)
        
             | deckard1 wrote:
             | same here. We had an 8088 with AdLib, which only had FM
             | synthesis. We stepped up to a Pentium 75Mhz with
             | SoundBlaster AWE32 and 16-bit 44.1kHz audio. And CD-ROM
             | drive! Those were amazing times. Shortly after that the
             | internet hit mainstream and MP3s became a thing, and the
             | world changed forever.
        
             | mschaef wrote:
             | > straight from the 8088 + cga graphics to the pentium
             | 100mhz (really an overclockerd 90mhz model)
             | 
             | Now there's a jump... that must have been around two orders
             | of magnitude more compute performance (not to mention all
             | the rest of the new capabilities.)
             | 
             | > + matrox something and a decent Sony screen .
             | 
             | One of the things I did with that 486 machine was upgrade
             | to a Sony-17SE1 monitor. This is when 14 or 15 inch CRT's
             | were normal, so the 17 was special, expensive, and a very
             | significant financial stretch. Still worth it for all the
             | reasons you'd expect.
             | 
             | I carried the monitor over to the Pentium, which was its
             | own learning experience. The Pentium machine was built to
             | be a dedicated Linux machine, so I had to be fairly careful
             | about the hardware I used. When I ordered it from Micron, I
             | bought it with the cheapest possible video option the
             | offered, and upgraded it myself to a Number Nine 771 (which
             | had a discrete IBM RAMDAC and was much better supported on
             | Linux.)
             | 
             | The reason I mention this is that I got to see the same
             | monitor driven by two different outputs. Even at the same
             | resolution/etc, the quality of the image was much, much
             | better on the 771, for reasons that I am sure were related
             | to the discrete RAMDAC and a better analog section. It's
             | the sort of thing that's totally a non issue these days
             | (digital link ftw), but mattered a lot back then.
        
           | elzbardico wrote:
           | One thing I recall from that time, which seems absurd
           | nowadays, is how I was able to actually run photoshop 2.0 in
           | a 486 after upgrading it from 4 to 8 MB. Jesus, 8MB nowadays
           | probably is not even enough to start booting.
        
         | isolli wrote:
         | Lucky you! I could only afford a 486 DX/33, but at least I
         | splurged for 230 MB of hard drive.
        
         | antx wrote:
         | Heck yeah, I went from a C64 to a 386SX (which youngin me
         | eventually broke by trying to upgrade memory), to a 486DX2/66
         | which allowed me to FINALLY play doom.
         | 
         | Then followed a Cyrix 5x86 100GP in somewhere around 1996,
         | which was a bit of an upgrade, since I could not afford
         | Pentiums just yet with my own money. In 1997, I bought a
         | Diamond Stealth II S220 as an alternative to a Voodoo, for the
         | same "poverty" reasons. You have to know my parents were ...
         | very much against computers.
         | 
         | As we started to get access to the internet in high school, I
         | learned about overclocking, and oh my! was my system the best
         | candidate for it! I could push the CPU to 120Mhz without
         | additional cooling! The graphics cards, which bore a rendition
         | verite v2100 chip, could also be overclocked quite heavily, but
         | since the chips where bare, without any form of cooling, it
         | became too hot, so I had to "MacGyver" my way around the
         | problem.
         | 
         | I also have very fond memories of the socket 3 era... for me it
         | started with the classics from id software, to Warcraft 2,
         | Duke3D, LAN matches, Carmageddon, Quake, etc.. and all the
         | early mods such as paintball, skin modding, what fun!
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | > I bought a Diamond Stealth II S220 as an alternative to a
           | Voodoo
           | 
           | I did the same thing, it was a great budget card. _vquake_
           | was awesome, plus you were able to use Direct3D inside of
           | Windows which the first 3Dfx cards didn 't do. It also came
           | with a _Descent_ clone called _Forsaken_ on the demo CD,
           | which was the first colored lighting I had ever seen in a
           | game, and was pretty amazing.
           | 
           | Ironically, the Verite chips didn't handle certain VGA modes
           | that well, so DOS games like Doom were pretty choppy.
        
             | manual89 wrote:
             | Acclaim, publisher of forsaken, was scrutinized for a
             | rather risque marketing campaign for the game. Never played
             | the game myself so I don't know if the ads had anything to
             | do with the content.
        
             | antx wrote:
             | Oh yeah, tomb raider was fun, but vquake was the bomb.
             | 
             | Although, eventually, when the miniGL port was released, it
             | was clear that the V2x00s were sub-par, even with 24 bit
             | support and hardware z-buffer. Eventually the voodoo2 just
             | put the nail in the coffin. But for a time, little geek me
             | had fun pushing the hardware limits, even though I knew
             | nothing of thermal management at the time.
             | 
             | Indeed, I remember some DOS games having some... stutters?
             | For lack of a better term. But at that point I was hooked
             | on 3D and Windows 9x, so it didn't matter too too much.
        
             | alberth wrote:
             | Did you buy a sound card?
             | 
             | It's funny to think these days how you use to have to buy
             | sound cards (and hardware DVD decoders, but this came
             | later)
        
               | bluedino wrote:
               | I think at that point (Socket 7 motherboards) they were
               | starting to do integrated sound cards, but they weren't
               | standard. I may have had some kind of SoundBlaster clone.
               | 
               | I think I used a discrete sound card even later on into
               | the Pentium III days because of either driver issues or
               | quality of the on-board ones.
        
               | balls187 wrote:
               | Bought a Reveal multimedia kit, which came with a
               | soundcard, speakers, a CDROM drive and a few discs (Kings
               | Quest 6, and an encyclopedia (Worldbook?))
        
         | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
         | I worked in a computer store while attending college during
         | this time.  We were the only "Computer store" in town, but the
         | local BigBox "furniture store" also sold computers too.  None
         | of the staff there knew anything about computers.       We
         | would often have people come into our shop asking questions and
         | then going to the BigChain to buy the PC's.              Well,
         | one day a couple came into the store carrying the flyer for the
         | other place.  The couple then asked several questions about the
         | computers, "What does this mean, What does that do, Is this
         | part important... etc"  I tried several times during the
         | discussion to steer them towards the products that we sold.  It
         | was obvious that they were only using my time to educate
         | themselves so they could 'smartly shop' at the other location.
         | So we get to the part of the listing where the choice was DX vs
         | DX2  (33Mhz vs 66MHz IIRC).
         | 
         | Them: "What does the 2 mean?"
         | 
         | Me: "That's needed if you want to use two floppy drives, both a
         | 5.25" and a 3.5" or just one."
         | 
         | fun times..... =)
         | 
         | *Edit/Note: the 2 in DX2 means that it was clock-doubled. I
         | lied to the customer because they were wasting my time.
        
           | alberth wrote:
           | That's a great story. Had no idea about that either.
           | 
           | In my case, I had a Packard Bell - which had 1 floppy & 1 CD-
           | ROM.
           | 
           | https://www.weavweb.net/2020/09/22/packard-
           | bell-486-dx2-66mh...
        
             | 1970-01-01 wrote:
             | Those PackardBell CD-ROM games and encyclopedias were very
             | innovative. I have several of those PCs and still have all
             | their CDs. Check out 3D Body Adventure predicting the
             | pandemic:
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/VlxyjOLBKbg?t=980
        
               | alberth wrote:
               | Yes!!!
               | 
               | I totally remember that and loved it. Thanks for finding
               | the video link. Brings back great memories.
        
             | navjack27 wrote:
             | You had no idea about it because it's false
        
               | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
               | Correct.
               | 
               | I lied to somebody that was wasting my time.
        
       | qbasic_forever wrote:
       | Had an AST 486DX2/50 as my first PC in ~93 or so--I have a lot of
       | good memories poking around DOS, playing Doom, tons of shareware,
       | dialing BBSes (on a 2400 baud modem!) and more. It was a great
       | machine.
        
       | fabiensanglard wrote:
       | Gorgeous article.
       | 
       | - Topic close to my heart. - Loads of references at the bottom. -
       | Oh my god, it even features the publication date at the top.
        
       | mobilio wrote:
       | I had DX/33 DX/50 and then DX2/66 plus DX4/120
       | 
       | I remember that before DX2/66 i wasn't seen on chip labels about
       | "heatsinks". On DX2/66 there was label "heatsink required".
       | 
       | But on DX4 label was "heatsink and fan required".
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | I had an AST Cyrix 486 DX/2 66 without heatsink.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Yeah people have forgotten this but when the Pentium came out
         | and all Pentium PCs required a CPU fan, this was criticized by
         | many reviewers.
         | 
         | Now I have an Intel CPU with a motorcycle-sized radiator and a
         | coolant pump :-|
        
           | mmcgaha wrote:
           | I had a pentium 66 with just a huge heat sink. My pentium 133
           | had a fan but when I upgraded to a k6-2 I under clocked it so
           | I could just use a heatsink. It was 2015 before I finally got
           | another fanless computer.
        
           | qbasic_forever wrote:
           | Such a silly criticism too since hard drives of the era were
           | so obnoxiously loud.
        
         | tecleandor wrote:
         | And also "Peel this label before putting the heatsink". I know
         | people left the sticker there... with consequences.
        
       | balls187 wrote:
       | Our first PC was an AST Advantage 486dx/33
       | 
       | Purchased from the McChord AFB computer shop.
       | 
       | Originally my dad wanted to "upgrade" our Amiga1000 to be PC
       | compatible, but learned such a thing was not possible.
        
       | velmu wrote:
       | An amazing article.
        
         | antx wrote:
         | Amazing indeed!
         | 
         | I'd also wish for a pentium pro article on the same vibe. Many
         | people don't realize that it paved the way to even the current
         | "core" series! In some ways, like the DX50, it was even better
         | than its successors, although it was plagued by issues.
        
           | myself248 wrote:
           | You may appreciate the Red Hill hardware pages:
           | 
           | https://www.redhill.net.au/iu.php
        
             | antx wrote:
             | ahhhh, yes, thank you!
        
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       (page generated 2023-01-05 23:02 UTC)