[HN Gopher] NYC officials say they can't find EV garbage trucks ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       NYC officials say they can't find EV garbage trucks powerful enough
       to plow snow
        
       Author : IronWolve
       Score  : 114 points
       Date   : 2023-01-04 16:25 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (gothamist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (gothamist.com)
        
       | mariodiana wrote:
       | Anyone else remember learning about the "Five Year Plans" of the
       | old Soviet Union?
        
         | xsmasher wrote:
         | What's the similarity? They're both "plans?"
        
         | whataboutismst wrote:
         | Yes and, unfortunately, conversation around these issues always
         | falls into the Communism vs. Capatalism line of debate rather
         | than ossification of systems consolidation of power - the far
         | more impactful topic.
        
       | formvoltron wrote:
       | wires over the streets. Even places like Budapest have this.
        
       | jollyllama wrote:
       | TIL some trash trucks are also snowplows in NYC
       | https://www.trailer-bodybuilders.com/archive/article/2172888...
        
         | kcb wrote:
         | Yea, DSNY sanitation workers also love snow storms as it means
         | big overtime pay.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Snow is a rare enough problem in NYC (1-2 weeks in a year), and
         | having a whole fleet of dedicated snow-removing machines is not
         | reasonable.
        
       | m-p-3 wrote:
       | As long as these part of the fleet are seen as a justifiable
       | exemption, they can still deploy EV wherever possible. It's not a
       | defeat in itself, just that the current technology still needs to
       | figure out some shortfalls.
        
       | entwife wrote:
       | Canada doesn't like the snowplow-garbagetruck hybrid, either.
       | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/snow-plow-garbage-truc...
       | "Garbage truck turned snow plow gets mixed review from city
       | staff; Snow plow-garbage truck hybrid did not perform as well as
       | dedicated snow removal machines"
        
       | iblis23 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | markstos wrote:
       | The article says other cities use smaller vehicles for snow
       | removal, so try that.
       | 
       | In Canada there's been some recent success using an electric
       | cargo bike as snow plow.
       | 
       | I'm not suggesting that's right for New York, but maybe somthing
       | a lot lighter than a garbage truck could work!
       | 
       | https://electrek.co/2022/12/25/diy-e-bike-snow-plow/
        
         | fatnoah wrote:
         | I don't think the article's comparison with Denver is
         | particularly fair. Looking at Denver's municipal website shows
         | that they have a main fleet of 70 large plowers, and a smaller
         | fleet of 26 4x4 plows which are used to create paths for
         | residential streets as a smaller plow isn't really suitable for
         | clearing large avenues and highways. Secondly, and perhaps more
         | importantly, is the type of snow that falls in Denver. As a
         | high altitude, inland location, Denver's snow is mostly dry and
         | fluffy, while an East Coast city like New York is often on the
         | edge of some rain/snow border and wet and/or slushy snow is far
         | more common (and far, far, far heavier).
        
       | hourago wrote:
       | The "Elektromote", the world's first trolleybus,[6] in Berlin,
       | Germany, 1882. Maybe New York is lacking the infrastructure, but
       | the technology has existed for a long time. A trolleybus may be
       | expensive to implement in rural areas but in the biggest city in
       | the USA it should be quite cost effective.
       | 
       | - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromote
       | 
       | - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolleybus
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | I don't think a street plowing operation would work best on
         | overhead. When you're plowing the trolley pole would likely
         | dewire.
         | 
         | The answer to me is just living without being able to plow for
         | 12 hours straight charge up in between, and buy some more
         | trucks or battery packs to run shifts. Just ask if diesel plow
         | trucks didn't exist - what would you do?
        
         | MAGZine wrote:
         | few cities have ALL streets electrified. usually just main
         | corridors where buses will operate.
         | 
         | These buses usually have some battery, but not a lot, and
         | coming on and off the wires is often a manual procedure.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | You don't need all streets electrified, just enough to keep
           | the vehicles charged.
        
         | kkfx wrote:
         | That's a nice point for some aspects: we have (had) all over
         | the world trolleybus of various kinds, those on rails have some
         | co-existence with cars and asphalts issues (like slippery
         | passages for bikes, complex ops when the asphalt need to be re-
         | do etc) but beside that have worked HYPER well for decades.
         | Those on tires have proven to be full of issues to a point most
         | who have had them have given up.
         | 
         | I see so far no feasibility study about:
         | 
         | - converting highways to rails with dual-usage vehicles (all
         | vehicles, cars and trucks banning bikes) so vehicles can run
         | normally on road but for just the long range usage they run
         | full electric form grid, converting them to wheels only for
         | going out or maneuvering on a faulty vehicles;
         | 
         | - crafting a urban rail network again at least for some
         | "important traversing roads".
         | 
         | Perhaps the result would be negative anyway, but at least a
         | broad simulation with public discussion, some eventual
         | experiment etc...
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | Trolley rails seem carefully designed to be deathtraps for
           | bicycles, as if someone looked up bicycle wheel widths and
           | depths, grip on varius surfaces, etc., then tested iteration
           | to come up with the rails. Still, if it reduces carbon
           | output, I'm all for it.
        
       | ilamont wrote:
       | I was thinking about vehicles that can't switch to electric
       | power. The tech's not there yet, and may never be.
       | 
       | Cargo ships. Jumbo jets. Military aircraft. Specialized
       | industrial vehicles, such as those used for mines.
       | 
       | Unless these use cases are made obsolete (possible, such as
       | military) society will depend on fossil fuels for many decades to
       | come.
        
         | d_runs_far wrote:
         | These guys seem to have a niche: hauling logs off of mountains.
         | Regenerative braking on the way down when heavy; using a Diesel
         | engine as a generator in the truck's engine bay.
         | https://www.edisonmotors.ca/trucks
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | > Specialized industrial vehicles, such as those used for
         | mines.
         | 
         | A lot of industrial vehicles that need high torque at low speed
         | are effectively turbodiesel generators driving eletric motors
         | already.
         | 
         | Replacing such a setup with a battery is a lot easier that a
         | full blown ICE vehicle.
        
         | carry_bit wrote:
         | Not fossil fuels, but rather hydrocarbon fuels. You can
         | technically synthesize fuel for those use cases in a carbon-
         | neutral manner.
        
         | racnid wrote:
         | Lots of mine & industrial vehicles are electrified. In
         | underground mining it's attractive because the vehicle is in a
         | very confined space (easy to run cables to) and it's doubly
         | attractive because of the emissions issue (venting
         | underground). It can make sense for above ground too. But for
         | aircraft and ships you're likely correct.
        
           | ilamont wrote:
           | I was thinking more of the giant open-pit mining excavators
           | and trucks. However, I see that people are attempting to
           | bring EVs to this market:
           | 
           |  _The mining industry is in a full swing transition towards a
           | low environmental impact mode of operation, and its key
           | players are working to phase out diesel vehicles, which are
           | responsible for significant greenhouse gas emissions and
           | generate high operating costs. Currently, there are no
           | electric-powered heavy-duty trucks on the market that meet
           | the difficult operational and climate needs of open-pit
           | mines. Faced with the industry's new needs, IVI, Propulsion
           | and the NRC brought together select partners to make the
           | first-ever electric heavy-duty vehicle for the mining sector.
           | 
           | To ensure the success of this major project, Fournier et
           | Fils, a recognized operator in the mining sector, will
           | provide the project with a Western Star 6900XD truck with a
           | 40-ton loading capacity, as well as its technical experts,
           | who will assist the electrification experts in converting the
           | truck to accommodate the new components. The motorization
           | aspects will be developed by Dana TM4, a world leader in
           | electric motors._
           | 
           | https://www.danatm4.com/news-events/a-first-for-canadas-
           | open...
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | Trucking fuel into remote sites is tedious, expensive and
             | risky.
        
       | entwife wrote:
       | What is needed is a means for removing weight from the garbage-
       | collection apparatus when adding a front-end snowplow.
        
         | lallysingh wrote:
         | Or swapping for an aux battery pack. I'm not sure the plow
         | weight is a big issue, compared to the wet snow. Also I'm
         | assuming they're not picking up garbage at the same time.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | Some more context from an older article:
       | https://www.fleetowner.com/operations/article/21694046/nyc-s...
       | 
       | > Because of the requirement that it fuel the entire fleet within
       | an hour in the event of a snow emergency, natural gas hasn't
       | proved practical especially since CNG fueling stations require
       | too much space in such a dense city, according to Commissioner
       | Garcia. Right now the fleet is about to undertake initial testing
       | with renewable diesel, which is not only better in terms of
       | greenhouse gas emissions, but can be used as a complete
       | replacement for diesel, not just as a 5 to 20% blend.
       | 
       | So they already forwent CNG (unlike most municipalities) because
       | of this requirement.
        
       | sh1mmer wrote:
       | For these industrial use cases I'm surprised hot swappable
       | batteries aren't being considered more.
       | 
       | Are these current trucks doing 12 hour shifts plowing snow and
       | hauling garbage on a single tank of diesel, or are they
       | refueling? I get that fast changing infrastructure is hard and
       | waiting 15-90 minutes to charge a battery isn't ideal.
       | 
       | But couldn't they stop to swap out batteries or have another
       | vehicle meet each truck with replacements?
       | 
       | Edit: Googling suggests that garbage trucks get 3mpg on average,
       | with a 70-90 gallon tank and go 25k mi/yr on average (80mi/day
       | 6-day week) so one tank would cover a whole day.
       | 
       | 3mpg is awful though which does seem to support electrification
       | being a good plan for this use case.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | Is 3MPG really that bad, given the size and stop and go? I
         | assume they are 10x the load of a pickup truck and F-150s don't
         | get 30MPG city do they?
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | This is a non-issue. Like any other technology, EVs will (do) get
       | traction where they provide a significant advantage, and then as
       | the tech matures they will eat away at the rest of the problem
       | space.
       | 
       | One of the few business books worth reading, the Innovator's
       | Dilemma, is all about this, and is supposedly beloved in the tech
       | business. It's where "disruption" entered marketing discussion.
        
       | KoftaBob wrote:
       | Wouldn't Tesla's Semi truck fit the bill in terms of power? If
       | so, could the motor and batteries used in the Semi theoretically
       | power an EV garbage truck for long enough to plow snow for more
       | than the 4 hours they state they're currently seeing?
        
         | redox99 wrote:
         | Probably yes. More so, it charges to 70% in 30 minutes, so
         | stopping twice to charge shouldn't be a big deal either.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | This application screams for diesel hydraulic hybrids.
        
       | MR4D wrote:
       | Maybe they should just heat the streets instead.
       | 
       | Yeah, I know, climate change. Still, kindof a neat idea if we
       | could figure it out.
        
         | unregistereddev wrote:
         | Heated driveways (and heated sidewalks) are a real thing for
         | wealthy homeowners who do not want to clear snow. It is a neat
         | idea, but I also find it an appalling waste of resources.
         | 
         | https://www.bobvila.com/articles/heated-driveway/
        
       | nashashmi wrote:
       | Small problems. They should have several battery rotation
       | stations spread out everywhere.
       | 
       | I wonder if their trucks can do 8 hours of driving without
       | refueling?
        
         | sfe22 wrote:
         | If it were such an easy problem, why don't you fix it? Can
         | become rich as well.
        
           | nashashmi wrote:
           | This is a timing and operations issue. In 17 years, better
           | crafted solutions will appear. Any fix right now would only
           | last five years.
           | 
           | The problem is more optimized for manufacturers.
        
         | ars wrote:
         | So you think they should buy triple the number of battery packs
         | they actually need, in order to support snow plowing 3 or 4
         | times a year?
         | 
         | Oh, and don't forget creating fully staffed battery depots
         | scattered around the already very full city?
        
       | jbj wrote:
       | I hope they will be as creative as in Michigan once they find a
       | machine powerful enough:
       | https://www.michigan.gov/mdot/travel/safety/road-users/winte...
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | It's discussed elsewhere in the thread, but overehead wires seem
       | appealing:
       | 
       | * They solve the power availability problem
       | 
       | * They reduce the need for batteries, reducing cost and waste
       | from manufacturing and disposal.
       | 
       | * They could be used for electrifying other vehicles like buses
       | 
       | * Their ROI seems especially high in dense cities, especially NY:
       | One overhead wire serves all the traffic on the road below. Plus,
       | dense cities like NY already have infrastructure citywide, and
       | experience servicing it.
       | 
       | * What if we could provide power to electric cars in NYC. That
       | could be transformative. I don't know that electric wires would
       | be the best form for that, or how it could be done (is there a
       | safe way to embed something in the ground?).
       | 
       | * Some point out that the garbage trucks need to cover almost
       | every street in the city. The power supply doesn't have to do
       | that; it only has to be available enough to charge the vehicles
       | sufficietly to plow/pickup on the side street and return to the
       | main road.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | We're already electrifying bus depots [1]. Trolley lines may
         | work on major thoroughfares, but they're a bit of an eye sore.
         | 
         | [1] https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2021/06/03/the-mtas-new-
         | electric...
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | I agree about the eyesore. In one city I was in, I noticed
           | that as I moved from the poor to the rich neighborhood, all
           | the power line (not trolly lines) were on poles in the former
           | and buried in the latter; the difference was remarkable.
           | 
           | I wonder if something can be embedded in the street.
           | Obviously, a subway-style third rail would be a bad idea!
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | Unsure how Seattle solves this, but it also complicates
             | tree maintenance.
        
         | Manuel_D wrote:
         | They work for buses because buses follow set routes. There
         | aren't overhead lines running through every single street. By
         | comparison, garbage trucks do have to patrol essentially every
         | street. Putting overhead lines through every street may be more
         | expensive than batteries.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | What do you think of my last point (in the GP)?
        
             | Manuel_D wrote:
             | It's largely irrelevant. Having walked around Manhattan and
             | seeing people leaving trash out, garbage trucks are going
             | to be overwhelmingly active on side streets and not the
             | major thoroughfares. The potential charging time gained
             | from overhead lines will be minimal. Furthermore, most
             | garbage trucks have mechanisms to load and unload garbage
             | which would prevent them from mounting trolley poles.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Good point about the side streets, but you could still
               | electrify where the trucks drive most often and not
               | everything.
               | 
               | The trolley poles could be mounted to the cab, it would
               | seem.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | The issue is that garbage trucks drive serve each street
               | equally often, for the most part. There's no streets
               | where garbage trucks drive more often. It's not the
               | situation that 20% of streets generate 80% of garbage
               | that needs to be picked up [1]. It's block after block of
               | townhomes and mid-rise apartments that are leaving out
               | trash bags. Overhead lines inherently lend themselves to
               | consolidated routes, but garbage disposal is the polar
               | opposite of that.
               | 
               | 1. High rise apartments generate a lot more trash, but
               | they already have bulk garbage disposal systems and thus
               | aren't part of the problem of picking up garbage bags off
               | the street.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > It's not the situation that 20% of streets generate 80%
               | of garbage that needs to be picked up
               | 
               | Not that number exactly, but many streets or blocks have
               | no trash - office buidings, the highrise apts you
               | mention, parks, highways, etc. And it's time, not
               | distance that matters - you can charge the trucks where
               | they spend the most time. My point is that you don't need
               | 100% coverage or likely near that.
               | 
               | A drawback is that garbage pickup needs probably don't
               | align with bus, snow plowing, or other needs, so ROI is
               | lower for those wires.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | Sure, much of Midtown doesn't have street trash pickup
               | because skyscrapers have alternative garbage disposal
               | infrastructure. The fact that 20% of streets _don 't_
               | produce trash doesn't alter the fact that the remaining
               | 80% of streets have largely uniform trash distribution.
               | There's no stretches of road where garbage trucks are
               | spending significantly more time than others.
               | 
               | The fact that it's time, not distance, that matters makes
               | matters event worse: garbage trucks will spend a brief
               | period of time on a major thoroughfare to get to their
               | trash pickup zone, but then spend hours and and hours
               | working through block and after block of residential and
               | low density (for NYC) neighborhoods with no overlap
               | between truck routes. There are no roads where you can
               | deploy power lines that will charge garbage trucks for
               | any significant stretch of time. The only place where
               | garbage trucks _do_ spend long stretches of time is the
               | depot: and you just need normal EV charges there. The
               | low-density, distributed nature of garbage pickup
               | fundamentally is at odds with overhead lines.
        
         | rcme wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | cdchn wrote:
       | I thought I considered myself pretty well traveled but I've never
       | seen a garbage truck plowing snow.
        
       | ecshafer wrote:
       | Battery operated garbage trucks don't sound like a great idea, at
       | least for all day use.
       | 
       | With the push for EV I am not sure why we aren't seeing a push
       | for the installation of streetcar power lines, these already
       | exist and are used for busses. If we have a garbage truck that
       | has the battery capacity for say 30 minutes, then it could be on
       | the power line for the majority of the time.
       | 
       | This would limit battery waste as well. There could be some solid
       | engineering reasons for this, but I suspect that coolness is a
       | big factor.
        
         | fencepost wrote:
         | Garbage trucks are probably one of the best places for it
         | actually, because they stop so frequently. Unfortunately the
         | article is about plow trucks instead which have a very
         | different use case - New York just happens to use the same
         | vehicles for both so they have a smaller fleet that's not as
         | well suited to either task.
         | 
         | For garbage trucks you have stop and go movement so EVs
         | eliminate idling. Given the size of the trucks it's probably
         | not a big deal to make sure they have adequate battery
         | capacity.
         | 
         | Plow trucks have a completely different use model where they're
         | run at speed for long periods and one day of plowing could have
         | the same distance traveled as weeks of trash collection.
         | Hybrids would likely be an improvement in efficiency but the
         | same way they do for other trucks - batteries support high
         | demand periods while the generator is fine for the lower
         | sustained loads.
         | 
         | Edit: a drawback of the smaller fleet for snow management is
         | that garbage trucks aren't as well suited for salt/sand/deicer
         | distribution. Nobody designs their garbage trucks to spray. I
         | hope.
         | 
         | Edit2: garbage trucks also have a lot of additional mechanical
         | systems that are probably already electrical, so among other
         | things the ICE versions likely have an oversized alternator to
         | power that.
        
           | pimlottc wrote:
           | It's also great for noise reduction, particular since they
           | often run in the mornings.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > so EVs eliminate idling.
           | 
           | The vehicle, when stopped, has other functions to perform. It
           | has hydraulic lifters and compactors that need quite a bit of
           | power to operate. It's a working platform, not a simple
           | garbage transportation mechanism.
           | 
           | Even to the extent is isn't for transportation, see how far
           | away the dump is from your home. That distance has to be
           | covered twice at least once a day, and possibly as much as 3
           | times per day.. and during one of those legs the truck is
           | fully loaded with possibly up to as much as 20,000lbs of
           | trash.
           | 
           | Finally, they have to operate in all conditions, in both very
           | low and very high temperatures. The logistics of this aren't
           | as simple as it would be for a standard vehicle.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | In New York City, do the garbage trucks drive a long
             | distance to unload their waste?
             | 
             | In much of London, they drive a relatively short distance
             | to offload the waste. Some is handled locally (e.g.
             | composting food and garden waste). The rest is taken the
             | much longer distance by barge or rail.
             | 
             | Barge: https://www.wandsworth.gov.uk/news/2019-news/june-20
             | 19/thame...
             | 
             | Rail: https://westlondonwaste.gov.uk/where-your-waste-goes
        
             | LeifCarrotson wrote:
             | As an industrial EE dealing with hydraulics of much larger
             | scales than those on a garbage truck, those other functions
             | do not require significant power to operate when compared
             | to actually accelerating the vehicle and cargo up to speed
             | (and then slamming on the brakes/regen again for the next
             | stop).
             | 
             | The engines in diesel garbage trucks often run at idle when
             | those hydraulics are working, lifting a 100 kg residential
             | can or a 1-ton dumpster through a few meters of motion is
             | not noticeable to a 350 HP diesel, accelerating 30 tons of
             | truck and trash in the same amount of time is why they're
             | equipped with so much more engine power.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | Somewhere as densely populated as NY is surely best served
             | by those rubbish bins that empty into a trash vacuum
             | tunnel.
             | 
             | Massive upfront cost (infrastructure and NY seems to be a
             | bit fraught) and also likely expensive to run, but with
             | high population density it's got to be better.
             | 
             | However this would then have a fleet of snow trucks that
             | weren't used 99% of the time, as the rubbish was mostly
             | sorted.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_vacuum_collection
        
               | StrictDabbler wrote:
               | * * *
        
           | to11mtm wrote:
           | Around here, a notable number of Garbage trucks are LPG or
           | some variant [1].
           | 
           | Having driven a Hybrid 'Truck' (really more of a ute[2]) for
           | just under a year, I can say that EV plows will likely show
           | their deficiencies when you need them the most [3].
           | 
           | [1] - On the whole, this is still better than doing nothing
           | with it and just allowing it to vent, or burning on-site
           | (which, sometimes you do see at local landfills.)
           | 
           | [2] - The Maverick -does- do a decent job IMO of showing
           | what's possible with a small purpose-built hybrid truck or
           | truck-like thing; However manufacturers that make bigger EVs
           | are likely reluctant to build a truly 'minimum viable
           | product', as it will bite into fleet sales of larger
           | EV/Hybrids introduced.
           | 
           | [3] - Recently, we had sustained sub 10F temps. My overall
           | mileage went from 35-42MPG to 25-30MPG.
        
           | makestuff wrote:
           | Seems like plug in hybrid is the best approach with current
           | tech. Battery in the neighborhoods, and gas powered when you
           | are hauling it back to the landfill.
        
             | fencepost wrote:
             | Maybe. Others have talked about the problems with hybrids
             | and they might not make as much sense as simply expanding
             | either the fleet as a whole or the parts of the fleet used
             | for plowing. Also worth considering the city's whole
             | vehicle fleet - use the garbage trucks as appropriate for
             | mass response, but also use dump trucks, etc from public
             | works.
             | 
             | Eventually there may also be more options with battery
             | swapping - that's a lot more feasible with a fleet within a
             | relatively small geographic region.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | WWLink wrote:
         | I agree, what we need is to make them blow the blackest black
         | diesel smoke possible.
        
           | brink wrote:
           | This isn't a one dimensional problem where diesel smoke is
           | the only factor at play.
        
         | RC_ITR wrote:
         | This, This, This.
         | 
         | We think "Well gas cars transport their own energy source, so
         | electric cars must too" and that will probably be one of the
         | things future generations laugh at us for (in the same way
         | older generations thought flapping wing costumes could generate
         | heavier-than-air flight).
         | 
         | Hydrocarbons are an _extreme_ outlier in terms of energy
         | density (vs. weight) and the fact that we are trying to
         | replicate that model with _other_ non-outlier materials is
         | crazy.
         | 
         | Cars travel on _roads_ almost exclusively. In the US, 90%+
         | passenger miles are on roads that already have _some_ amount of
         | power infrastructure (lightposts) and if we just made it so
         | that our vehicles could plug into electricity at all points of
         | their journey, then EVs are basically solved.
         | 
         | The sad part of Elon being so successful is that all he does is
         | see places where we used to do things well (we electrified the
         | whole country very quickly, built an advanced space program in
         | 2-3 decades, etc.), notices we lack the will to keep doing
         | those things (even I understand the overhead wires thing is a
         | moonshot), and comes up with the pragmatic "OK but not really
         | great" solution.
         | 
         | Seriously, if you had said in 1960 "the richest man in 2020
         | will focus on cars, low-earth-orbit rockets, and tunnel boring
         | machines" people would be extremely bummed by the lack of
         | progress.
        
           | trog wrote:
           | > and if we just made it so that our vehicles could plug into
           | electricity at all points of their journey, then EVs are
           | basically solved.
           | 
           | One thing I have often wondered is how often they'd need
           | access to electricity if they had a small battery to cover
           | for the times they're not connected.
           | 
           | i.e., do they need to be connected at /all/ points of their
           | journey? Or just often enough that they can get enough of a
           | charge to make it to the next point? e.g. if there was
           | induction charging at stop signs or traffic lights, would
           | that be enough for a majority of trips?
           | 
           | This seems like it should just be a bit of a game of
           | statistical coverage of charging points, time spent at them,
           | speed of charging, and so on.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > Cars travel on roads almost exclusively. In the US, 90%+
           | passenger miles are on roads that already have some amount of
           | power infrastructure (lightposts) and if we just made it so
           | that our vehicles could plug into electricity at all points
           | of their journey, then EVs are basically solved.
           | 
           | So, your solution for EVs is overheard wires or third rails
           | for every lane of every roadway?
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | >So, your solution for EVs is overheard wires
             | 
             | I think that is a much more solvable problem than charging
             | and batteries yes.
             | 
             | Do I think it will happen in my lifetime? No. But there's a
             | reason that we don't have battery-powered trains, and it's
             | not like in 2022, cars are that much more "off-road" than
             | trains are "off-track"
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | The power lines that trolleybuses use don't cover an entire
         | city. They're only installed on the routes the buses are
         | scheduled to run on, and only for the parts of the streets
         | buses will use. They're like train tracks in that way, but
         | hanging in the air instead of embedded in the ground.
         | 
         | Garbage truck fleets are expected to cover every street and
         | every block in their service area which adds up to more of a
         | city than bus services cover since they don't stop on every
         | block at every house and building. The lines also require
         | maintenance and you also need to train operators to re-
         | establish the connections not _if_ they drop but _when_ they
         | drop. Doesn't seem worth it to me, at least not for New York.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | In 1875, Philadelphia had electric street car lines going
           | through every numbered street in the city, and through every
           | cross street in central Philly[1].
           | 
           | [1] https://i.redd.it/zidqa2mbmav31.png
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | They are also a maintenance headache, especially in icy
           | conditions.
        
         | tapoxi wrote:
         | Here in Massachusetts we just removed our streetcar power lines
         | (MBTA 71 and 73 trolleybus) because the wires needed to be
         | removed during construction. This might be a logistical issue
         | for NYC.
         | 
         | https://www.mbta.com/news/2022-01-27/beginning-march-2022-mb...
        
           | andbberger wrote:
           | one of the worst decisions the MBTA has ever made. battery
           | buses are inferior to trolleybuses in pretty much every
           | scenario, but especially winter. the battery buses they're
           | replacing the trolleybuses with have diesel heaters to keep
           | the batteries warm.
        
           | samspenc wrote:
           | Yeah having street car power lines can be a nightmare in
           | densely crowded cities with a lot of pedestrian traffic and
           | tightly packed buildings. It would be a nightmare to
           | implement in a place like New York City, and I'm not
           | surprised that cities that have them are slowly removing
           | them.
           | 
           | Don't get me wrong, I think they are a great solution
           | electrically and for efficiency / sustainability, but require
           | an enormous geographic footprint, central planning and a lot
           | of overhead space which is difficult to find in dense cities.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | > street car power lines can be a nightmare in densely
             | crowded cities with a lot of pedestrian traffic and tightly
             | packed buildings. It would be a nightmare to implement in a
             | place like New York City
             | 
             | They've been used in dense cities for generations. How hard
             | can it be?
             | 
             | > require an enormous geographic footprint
             | 
             | What footprint is needed for additional overhead wires?
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I wonder is it is more of less efficient for land use as
               | they don't need fuelling and the associated land that
               | uses, but do need a pair of lamp posts every 10m.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | One point in favor of running these lines -- city already
               | has lots of lamp posts.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | I don't think the reason that street cars lines were
             | removed is because they're hard to implement, I think they
             | were removed for political reasons.
        
         | dendrite9 wrote:
         | I remember looking into this a little bit and the conclusion
         | seemed to be that for most garbage truck uses the range was not
         | the limiting factor. Pickup time was more important, and
         | batteries are attractive given that most garbage pickup is
         | stop-pickup-start-drive a short distance then stop again. In
         | Seattle I believe I saw the longest route was less than 70
         | miles but I can't find a source. There was a purchase of
         | battery garbage trucks with a range of 55 miles a few years
         | ago. https://arstechnica.com/cars/2019/05/seattle-makes-
         | history-w...
         | 
         | Caternary lines have always seemed like a good solution but
         | there must be a good reason they aren't more popular.
         | 
         | Also, garbage collection in NYC seems to be a weird mishmash of
         | rules and providers. Again there must be a historical reason
         | but from the outside it has never made sense to me.
         | https://www.propublica.org/article/trashed-inside-the-deadly...
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > Caternary lines have always seemed like a good solution but
           | there must be a good reason they aren't more popular
           | 
           | What reason?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Ugly, expensive, maintenance headache. What's not to
             | like... They are however more environmentally friendly than
             | diesel engines and it works well if you only have a few
             | well trafficked routes. But you can't do this for a whole
             | city, and garbage trucks and snowplows need to go into
             | every street, not just the main boulevards.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Agreed on all points, though I notice everyone says they
               | are so expensive and hard to maintain, but nobody cites
               | anything (not a criticism - I have no idea myself).
               | 
               | However, you don't need availability on every street,
               | just enough to charge the vehicles sufficiently for the
               | smaller streets.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Arnhem in NL and Riga in Latvia, both cities I spend a
               | lot of time in still have them, but I wonder for how
               | long. They're pretty iconic but every few years there is
               | debate about whether or not it is still worth it. Another
               | problem I forgot to mention is that these systems are not
               | very flexible in dealing with mishaps, you can't overtake
               | another trolley bus so if one has a problem the whole
               | system grinds to a halt. An ICE bus just goes around the
               | obstacle and continues.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | I agree about the trolleys on rails and obstacles, which
               | I've seen for myself, but electric vehicles would likely
               | have some battery and run on tires, allowing diversions
               | from the route.
               | 
               | Anyway, I'm guessing it's been considered and I'd love to
               | see the study.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I've been reading a bit more about it in the meantime:
               | so, the trolley network in Arnhem is slowly diminishing
               | in size, but it's still there and it will likely be there
               | for quite a while to come. They are looking at ways to
               | use a combination BEV / trolley system to allow the buses
               | to recharge when they're on the line so they can depart
               | from the route for longer stretches.
               | 
               | The maneuvering in case of trouble situation is covered
               | by a tiny diesel engine that can move the bus around to
               | the point where it can reconnect to a working segment of
               | the network.
               | 
               | One problem with reducing the coverage is that it is
               | relatively easy to take away the lines but the poles are
               | in large chunks of concrete and not easy to remove at
               | all.
        
               | happyopossum wrote:
               | The buses I'm familiar with that use overhead power lines
               | don't use them exclusively - they have batteries or
               | diesel for when they venture off the powered lines.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | I wonder what they do when a bus runs out of power -
               | towtrucks? Charging trucks?
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | Extension cord into the nearest bodega? :P
        
               | dendrite9 wrote:
               | The only ones I have spent a lot of time looking at are
               | in Seattle and at least they used to all be diesel and
               | could hookup to the lines or lower them to run off the
               | lines. For pure electric I assume they must tow them away
               | but I don't know enough about the failure modes.
               | 
               | This is a good chance to share a link to the guy with a
               | Prius modified to run on the bus power in San Francisco:
               | https://thebolditalic.com/hacked-prius-running-on-muni-
               | power...
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Interesting, I've seen them stuck more than once, I'll
               | have to check up on what the deal is there, I walk by the
               | depot every couple of days and I'm sure they'll be happy
               | to talk about it.
        
           | PLenz wrote:
           | Manhattan used to have hundreds of miles of street level
           | trolley - but mostly powered by underground center third rail
           | because overhead wires just didn't work with the density of
           | lines and equipment. When the system needed to be cleared
           | after snowfalls they used horses and later ICE trucks to
           | plow. See any book on the Third Avenue Railway system for
           | details
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | NYC garbage trucks spend a very long time parked in front of
         | the same building all night, crushing bags full of plastic
         | coffee cups. Ask anyone who has ever tried to sleep in
         | Manhattan. A completely reasonable solution that doesn't
         | require a wholesale change in the way refuse is collected in
         | that city would be to plug the truck in at the building where
         | it is standing.
         | 
         | That said, a wholesale change is what they need.
        
           | jwagenet wrote:
           | I'm very much interested in this underground system (I don't
           | know if it is actually implemented):
           | https://www.core77.com/posts/102208/Amsterdams-Smart-
           | System-...
           | 
           | It seems to me this sort of trash deposit system would
           | greatly simplify trash collection.
        
             | apendleton wrote:
             | Roosevelt Island (which is a part of the Manhattan borough)
             | actually has an underground, pneumatic trash collection
             | system: https://untappedcities.com/2020/04/09/inside-
             | roosevelt-islan... . I think it would be hard to retrofit
             | such a thing onto the already-built-up parts of the city
             | though.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > I think it would be hard to retrofit such a thing onto
               | the already-built-up parts of the city though.
               | 
               | It would be prohibitively expensive, because there's no
               | master record of which pipes/wires/cables/etc. exist in
               | any given location. It's very expensive to dig in
               | Manhattan[0], because you basically have to dig carefully
               | and see what's actually there, rather than having some
               | knowledge of "the gas pipes are in this spot, so we can
               | dig around them". So much of the infrastructure was
               | installed before detailed record-keeping was standard
               | practice.
               | 
               | As far as trash collection in NYC, the main thing that
               | needs to happen is containerized trash collection. Right
               | now, trash bags are just left on the sidewalks 3-5 times
               | per week for 12 or more hours at a time, creating an
               | absolute buffet for rodents.
               | 
               | [0] This actually applies to most of the city, but
               | Manhattan is a combination of the oldest-built and most-
               | densly-built infrastructure, so it's particularly
               | expensive there.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | chitowneats wrote:
           | It never ceases to amaze me that the self styled "Greatest
           | City on Earth" can't come up with a reasonable solution for
           | its garbage.
        
             | hericium wrote:
             | It was always handled efficiently by the mafia guys in
             | movies.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | They also call it "the city that never sleeps" but they
             | misleadingly omit the reason.
        
               | chitowneats wrote:
               | That reason being what? Cocaine?
               | 
               | Edit: oh, you must mean noisy garbage trucks
        
             | nickpp wrote:
             | Garbage is a difficult issue everywhere. Part of the
             | entropy problem of the universe...
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | I can't think of another major city where there are piles
               | of garbage bags on the sidewalks everywhere.
        
               | noselasd wrote:
               | Tokyo ? Business there place their garbage bags out on
               | the sidewalk in the evenings, garbage trucks scoop them
               | up early in the morning.
        
               | jonny_eh wrote:
               | > I can't think of another major city where there are
               | piles of garbage bags on the sidewalks everywhere.
               | 
               | Other cities have alleyways.
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | Garbage is absolutely not as big of a problem as it is in
               | NYC though. You don't get to blame the fact garbage
               | collection is awful on entropy when other cities very
               | visibly do not have the same issues.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Do you live there? It seems pretty effective IME.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > Do you live there? It seems pretty effective IME.
               | 
               | I live in NYC, and I'll go on the record stating that
               | NYC's trash collection system is an absolute disaster,
               | because the city has long-refused to use containerized
               | trash collection (the way every other city in the
               | developed world does), and instead tells people to dump
               | trash bags on the sidewalk 3-5 times per week, where they
               | sit for 12 hours at a time before being picked up.
               | 
               | This is not an effective system at all. It exists only
               | because elected officials have not wanted to give up a
               | few free parking spaces every block in order to allow for
               | containerized trash receptacles.
               | 
               | Thankfully, there's a pilot program on one block in
               | midtown Manhattan to "trial" containerized trash
               | collection. It began a few weeks ago, and is scheduled to
               | last one year. Hopefully that will be followed by a wider
               | rollout.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | HN's take on NYC is very confusing. Everyone has
               | "obvious" answers to problems that residents don't even
               | consider problematic, and oh by the way, they've never
               | left their town of 600 people.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | I remember a debate here where people were claiming how
               | lawless NYC was for allowing people and services to
               | double-park to load/unload. They should park in a loading
               | zone!
               | 
               | You must recognize the general GOP-led campaign that
               | democratic-run places like NYC and CA are nightmares. It
               | was Trump's theme for the 2020 GOP convention, but was
               | overshadowed by Coronavirus. I think it spreads here too.
               | NYC (and CA) need to take it on and remind people what
               | makes them so fantastic.
        
               | tobsterius wrote:
               | For what it's worth, NYC has been designating some
               | parking spots on city blocks in largely residential areas
               | for local deliveries, so UPS/Amazon/FedEx trucks don't
               | have to double park and hold up traffic. I'm sure it was
               | due to the pandemic, where online ordering became a
               | lifeline for many.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | We also should write off real criticism as a "GOP"
               | campaign. I live in one of their favorite cities to
               | attack (not NYC) and they're close to spot on
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _never ceases to amaze me that the self styled "Greatest
             | City on Earth" can't come up with a reasonable solution for
             | its garbage_
             | 
             | The _status quo_ is sanitary and efficient. All things
             | considered, New York's garbage problem is on par with its
             | snow problem. Well managed enough to work, but annoying
             | enough around the edges to be fun to bicker about.
             | 
             | If you live in low-density New York, your experience
             | mirrors suburbia; high, and your trash disappears down a
             | building chute. It's only we who live in the middle density
             | who have to haul garbage to the basement and hear the
             | beeping trucks at night. Even then, it's clean and works.
        
               | walrus01 wrote:
               | > The status quo is sanitary and efficient.
               | 
               | Are we talking about the same NYC? Visit Manhattan in mid
               | July/August. Bags of garbage leaking juices and oil out
               | onto the street into a huge greasy spot where the
               | designated collection spot is near the curb. The whole
               | city smells like a toaster oven roasted ballsack.
               | 
               | Then combine that with all the cumulative liters of urine
               | per day from dogs and humans all throughout the city.
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | What are you talking about
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | Doesn't basically every city call itself the greatest city
             | on earth?
        
               | chitowneats wrote:
               | Not like NYC. Not even close. At least, I've never
               | visited or lived in one that rivaled it.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | I've never heard Red Deer, Alberta make that claim.
        
               | chitowneats wrote:
               | You don't even hear people from LA or SF boast the way
               | they do in New Yawk.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | You definitely hear people from LA say this
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _don 't even hear people from LA or SF boast the way
               | they do in New Yawk_
               | 
               | Every borough except Staten Island is larger than San
               | Francisco [1][2]. Manhattan together with Queens _or_
               | Brooklyn is bigger than LA, the second-largest city in
               | America. (Staten Island is about the size of Raleigh or
               | Atlanta.)
               | 
               | New York solves problems at a scale no other American
               | city comes close to imagining.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-
               | populat...
               | 
               | [2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States
               | _cities...
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | The LA municipal boundary is a small sliver of what
               | people broadly call "Los Angeles. Here's Manhattan
               | projected over the LA metro:
               | https://i.imgur.com/ff7Vs1k.jpeg
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | What does the size of the city have to do with it? When
               | thinking about "greatest city", I don't think "solving
               | problems at scale" is one of my criteria.
               | 
               | I love visiting Manhattan and Brooklyn, but frankly have
               | a hard time imagining living there. And I live in SF,
               | which is far from being an ideal city.
        
               | chitowneats wrote:
               | This is exactly what I mean. You guys have no idea how
               | silly you sound everywhere else.
               | 
               | I also noticed your sleight of hand. "Greatest city in
               | the world" includes Tokyo, Paris, Seoul. All far superior
               | to NYC in almost every way, with similar issues of scale.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | Sounds to be like it's you just having an issue with NYC
        
             | novok wrote:
             | They can sacrifice street parking spots systematically
             | throughout the city for garbage dumpsters, as many others
             | have suggested, but it's politically untenable to do so
             | because americans love their cars, even in NYC.
             | 
             | Another politically untenable solution is to do what Taiwan
             | does and force people to put out their garbage in very
             | tight time windows and otherwise store it privately in
             | their houses and businesses, but that is a unproductive use
             | of human time on net.
        
               | echlebek wrote:
               | The reality is that most other major cities have garbage
               | collection figured out in a better way. For instance in
               | my city, garbage is kept in a dedicated garage area in
               | each apartment building, and on a scheduled day, it's
               | picked up either right in the building or in the alley
               | after the caretaker moves the dumpsters there. The fact
               | that this is considered politically untenable in New York
               | is frankly insane, glad I don't live there.
        
               | ars wrote:
               | > in a dedicated garage area in each apartment building
               | 
               | NY has a lot of row houses, there's no room for a
               | dedicated garbage area. And the alleys are not wide
               | enough for a garbage truck.
               | 
               | Before criticizing a place, at least understand it first.
        
               | grumple wrote:
               | As someone from a dense city with generally smaller roads
               | than NYC (Philly), I think that's untrue. If NYC wanted
               | to do it, it could be done. In Philly, trucks make it
               | down alleys where the roadway is half the size of the
               | truck. Or they wheel the dumpsters down the alley to the
               | corner. That doesn't mean every alley is suitable, but
               | you can put the dumpster on the main road where you put
               | the trash, or do as our European friends suggest.
        
               | novok wrote:
               | There are barely if any alleys in most of NYC.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | People in row houses can't walk to the corner of the
               | street? That's how it works in much of the Netherlands,
               | underground bins spread over suburbia, which is like 90%
               | row house. Works fine. I wish we had it here (still need
               | to put my bin/bags out on the designated day).
        
               | specialp wrote:
               | The Netherlands has absolutely nowhere approaching the
               | density of NYC. Even Queens has a density twice that of
               | Amsterdam, and Manhattan 7x. If you see NYC on garbage
               | days the streets are lined with mountains of bags. Each
               | corner would have to have a virtual mine shaft to hold
               | 1000s of bags of garbage.
               | 
               | Also contrary to movies, Manhattan has almost no alley
               | ways either. There's no space for anything. Even when it
               | snows in many areas they have to take the snow and dump
               | it in the East River.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > If you see NYC on garbage days the streets are lined
               | with mountains of bags. Each corner would have to have a
               | virtual mine shaft to hold 1000s of bags of garbage.
               | 
               | Or, you know, a commercial-sized dumpster.
               | 
               | The trash is _already taking up space_ on the sidewalk.
               | Putting a dumpster to contain it would _save_ space, by
               | keeping it contained.
        
               | simmonmt wrote:
               | By row house do you mean something like this?
               | https://goo.gl/maps/XTDwyAZy6GoqPRXt7
               | 
               | That's 4-5 stories of ~4 apartments per floor, times
               | however many of those buildings fit in the 900ft/247m
               | length of a block. There's nowhere near enough space on
               | the corner (here's the corner:
               | https://goo.gl/maps/aszPHqrQVGftcqTCA) to collect that
               | much garbage, much less to do it three times a week.
               | 
               | Yes they could build big underground containers. Yes they
               | could reduce the amount of garbage generated. But both
               | are massive projects far beyond "why can't they just".
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | This is also how they do it in Zurich. You walk your
               | garbage down to the corner. Recycling is the same way.
               | The only thing that gets picked up from houses is paper
               | and cardboard.
               | 
               | In NYC, in very dense areas like of Manhattan, I would
               | expect it would make sense to put a container in the
               | bottom of every building, but in rowhouse areas it is
               | reasonable to expect the occupants to walk down to the
               | corner.
               | 
               | The main thing is like so many other aspects of American
               | life we have no domestic examples of best practices. You
               | have to visit foreign cities and pay attention, or invite
               | their experts to come teach your city.
        
               | j33zusjuice wrote:
               | And neither of those things happen in the USA. We kicked
               | England out like 250 years ago, and our general belief is
               | that Europe hasn't had a good idea since they chose to
               | colonize the Americas. Reasonable people think this is
               | stupid, but we have a lot of unreasonable people here.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > NY has a lot of row houses, there's no room for a
               | dedicated garbage area
               | 
               | Most buildings in NYC already have a dedicated garbage
               | area. The issue is that there isn't a dedicated spot for
               | _pickup_.
               | 
               | That's a solvable problem: put containerized trash
               | receptacles on the street, so the superintendent can put
               | them in the containers, instead of dropping them directly
               | on the sidewalk (which is what they currently do).
        
               | StanislavPetrov wrote:
               | >For instance in my city, garbage is kept in a dedicated
               | garage area in each apartment building
               | 
               | Most apartment buildings in NYC don't have garages.
        
               | ars wrote:
               | It's not the parking spots - residents have zero interest
               | in walking to the end of their block with garbage.
               | 
               | If they tried it people would just leave their garbage on
               | the street. Have you been in NY? There's garbage
               | everywhere.
        
               | Reubachi wrote:
               | Personally I have no idea what you're talking
               | about...have visited the city many many times for work
               | from bronx to manhattan, and come from a much "dirtier"
               | city.
               | 
               | If you think there's garbage everywhere in NYC, I advise
               | you to never visit most European capitals, and especially
               | not the asian subcontinent. Which is not to shame these
               | places, but more so to say that NYC is doing OK.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > It's not the parking spots - residents have zero
               | interest in walking to the end of their block with
               | garbage.
               | 
               | Nobody would have to do that. They'd have to walk an
               | extra 10 ft from the front of their building to the curb.
               | Unless they live in a multifamily building (which is most
               | of the city), in which case the building superintendent
               | would do that.
               | 
               | > Have you been in NY? There's garbage everywhere.
               | 
               | Because that's the city-sanctioned way for
        
               | ars wrote:
               | > They'd have to walk an extra 10 ft from the front of
               | their building to the curb.
               | 
               | I mentioned in another post it's mostly row houses,
               | sometimes with the 1st and 2nd floor separate living
               | areas. Not huge apartments - you can't put a dumpster in
               | front of every house.
               | 
               | The dumpster would go at the end of the block, no one
               | will support walking that far with their garbage. Not
               | when they are used to a different way.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > I mentioned in another post it's mostly row houses
               | 
               | This is incorrect. That does not describe the majority of
               | housing units in NYC.
               | 
               | > The dumpster would go at the end of the block, no one
               | will support walking that far with their garbage. Not
               | when they are used to a different way.
               | 
               | I don't know why you're so confidently making this claim,
               | because that's not what's being proposed or being done.
               | There already is a pilot program for containerized trash
               | collection, and - surprise - there's not just one
               | container per block.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | Philadelphia used to have electric street car lines that ran
         | down almost every street[1].
         | 
         | [1] https://i.redd.it/zidqa2mbmav31.png
        
       | heavyset_go wrote:
       | EVs in a place as dense as NYC seems like a risk. Battery fires
       | can burn for hours and entire blocks might need to be closed off
       | and evacuated due to the risk of battery explosions.
       | 
       | It gets even more complicated when EV fires happen in places like
       | garages under buildings, because that makes it hard for fire
       | fighters to dump the 40,000+ gallons of water needed to keep
       | battery fires cool enough that they don't explode.
        
         | tempestn wrote:
         | That small risk seems better to me in a densely populated area
         | than burning fuels known to cause harmful fumes in their
         | standard operation.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | You're mistaken if you think I believe that gas powered
           | vehicles should be operated in Manhattan at all.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | > " With current technology, full electrification isn't possible
       | now for some parts of our fleet, but we are monitoring closely
       | and really hope it will be," Gragnani said.
       | 
       | We are really letting the perfect be the enemy of the good. At
       | this moment in time, Plug-in hybrids are the superior technology
       | for nearly every application. I don't understand why they get so
       | overlooked by consumers and manufacturers alike.
        
         | kkfx wrote:
         | Because their small batteries being too much stressed do not
         | last longer and in the end you run on ICE with the extra weight
         | of battery, inverters and powertrain...
         | 
         | Another tempted but so far not promising was the hybrid-series
         | EVs (like ships, with electrical engine powered by a generator)
         | so far Nissan have tempted again, but honestly sound to be a
         | failure...
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | I don't understand it either. People seem to fanatically pursue
         | and defend purity. Gas or electric. Hybrid is too complicated.
        
         | treis wrote:
         | Because they need both an ICE and battery powered engine it's a
         | more complex & expensive solution than picking one or the
         | other. Not only expensive in dollars but car weight, storage
         | room, maintenance, and so on.
         | 
         | It's okay as an intermediate step but all electric is much
         | better long term.
        
           | gowings97 wrote:
           | "it's a more complex & expensive solution than picking one or
           | the other."
           | 
           | Not for NMC batteries, which continue to go up in price (so
           | much for the downward EV battery price trend EV promoters
           | promised would materialize with the economies of scale).
           | 
           | And LFP batteries don't have the necessary performance
           | characteristics for high load applications.
           | 
           | The great EV brownout of 2023 has arrived.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | Yes! I love my plug-in hybrid (Toyota RAV4 Prime). It gets
         | about 40 miles on battery and then switches to gas. I've
         | managed to drive 9000 miles on 3 tanks of gas (with a much
         | larger energy bill, of course!) and I always have the
         | confidence I could go on a long drive without depending on
         | either slow, busy, or rare charging stations. I now even drive
         | more slowly to maximize my EV range.
        
           | illegalsmile wrote:
           | Same for my Chevy Volt. Works great in the city on electric
           | for the vast majority of my driving and for the 10% of long
           | trips filling up ~8gal is quick and effortless at any gas
           | station. Most of my long trips aren't road trips, they're get
           | to the destination trips. The vehicle also has over 100k
           | miles and really has had no major maintenance requirements
           | other than the usual which has been surprising.
           | 
           | That said, I really appreciate early adopters of EVs who are
           | helping push the infrastructure.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > At this moment in time, Plug-in hybrids are the superior
         | technology for nearly every application. I don't understand why
         | they get so overlooked by consumers and manufacturers alike.
         | 
         | Plugin hybrids cars are expensive, not at the least because
         | they require both a traditional ICE drivetrain and a large
         | battery and electric motor, and specialized power split
         | transmissions to make those work together.
         | 
         | Therefore, most plugin hybrids are higher end (just like EVs)
         | and marketed at wealthier people who want to drive electric
         | most of the time but have range anxiety or don't want to deal
         | with DC fast charging. Look for yourself:
         | 
         | https://www.caranddriver.com/features/g15377500/plug-in-hybr...
         | 
         | That said, they can make a lot of sense if you need 1 car that
         | can do everything, both short daily drives and long trips. The
         | sleeper hit here is the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV. The new ones
         | have 38miles electric range and seat 7.
         | 
         | However, the falling price of batteries and growth of DC fast
         | charging infrastructure means that they will PHEVs will be a
         | bridge technology.
         | 
         | Many city buses however are starting to convert to some form of
         | plugin hybrid, although even their
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_electric_bus#List_of_tr...
         | 
         | However, even city buses are moving towards full
         | electrification since the maintenance and fuel costs tend to
         | dominate the total cost of ownership for them, and those are
         | much lower with full electric.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | > specialized power split transmissions
           | 
           | The thought occurs to me to make the rear wheels powered by
           | the ICE and the front wheels electric.
           | 
           | Then no wacky transmissions.
           | 
           | I don't know anything about a "power split" transmission, but
           | isn't that the sort of thing a differential gear set does
           | very well at?
        
             | danans wrote:
             | > I don't know anything about a "power split" transmission,
             | but isn't that the sort of thing a differential gear set
             | does very well at?
             | 
             | A _planetary_ gear set is often a component of a power
             | split transmission, but there are other components. The key
             | thing is that it is able to blend power from multiple
             | sources [1]
             | 
             | > The thought occurs to me to make the rear wheels powered
             | by the ICE and the front wheels electric.
             | 
             | > Then no wacky transmissions.
             | 
             | The problem is you then have a car that switches the basic
             | drive characteristics (FWD to RWD) depending on what fuel
             | you are using. Everything from the chassis to the
             | suspension in a car is designed according to where the
             | power is coming from.
             | 
             | Mitsubishi addressed this problem in their Outlander PHEV
             | by using 2 electric motors, 1 on each axle, with the front
             | axle being supplemented by the ICE engine (via a 1 way
             | clutch) when more power is needed than the small battery
             | can output, or when the battery is depleted [2]. This
             | doesn't completely solve the problem but makes it less
             | noticeable, and eliminates the need for a mechanical
             | driveshaft between the front and rear.
             | 
             | Also, this approach only switches the vehicle from FWD to
             | AWD, not from FWD to RWD. It's the same with dual motor
             | EVs, they switch from 1 axle drive to 2 axle drive - they
             | don't switch from one axle completely to the other. Imagine
             | your car suddenly becoming RWD when the battery was
             | depleted. That would be weird, and potentially even
             | dangerous.
             | 
             | 1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0
             | 0941....
             | 
             | 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZ__5-V6CTI
        
             | kkfx wrote:
             | It's VERY hard to keep a vehicle run straight with non-
             | mechanically-tied wheels, you'll almost never get a
             | "perfect enough" balance ending up in an engine
             | pushing/pulling against the other.
             | 
             | That's why for instance we do not have much multi-motors
             | EVs without a mechanical coupling...
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I'm not suggesting left-right, I'm suggesting forward-
               | back.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > That's why for instance we do not have much multi-
               | motors EVs without a mechanical coupling...
               | 
               | AFAIK, no multi-motor EV has a mechanical coupling
               | between the motors. Do you know of a counter-example?
        
             | enragedcacti wrote:
             | In that case you would still need a transmission for the
             | engine which would likely increase cost and complexity
             | compared to the surprisingly simple and elegant planetary
             | gear transmissions used in most modern hybrids e.g.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_Synergy_Drive
             | 
             | By using two electric motors connected to a planetary
             | gearset you can replace the starter and alternator, allow
             | for electric drive and regenerative braking, and provide a
             | continuously variable transmission for the gas engine all
             | with a set of constantly meshed gears (i.e. no shifting
             | components).
        
         | SpeedilyDamage wrote:
         | Or just to extend this a bit further, maybe we keep ICE for a
         | few specific applications?
         | 
         | I want a full conversion just as much as anyone who lives on
         | this planet does, but I can see some cases being allowed for as
         | our technology catches up to the lingering problems.
        
           | jdc0589 wrote:
           | thats what will happen. Think about farmers, people in more
           | rural areas, homesteaders, etc... There is no high capacity
           | supercharger network there and isn't likely to be. ICE
           | machinery is incredibly important to them.
           | 
           | A total conversion to electric isn't feasible in a lot of
           | places like that.
        
         | pastor_bob wrote:
         | The MTA actually went from using a lot of hybrid buses to fully
         | diesel at one point[0], and now they're slow rolling out fully
         | electric by...2040[1]. Just far out enough they can do
         | basically nothing over the next couple years, and still claim
         | they're on track.
         | 
         | [0]https://nypost.com/2013/06/30/mta-hasnt-purchased-a-
         | hybrid-b...
         | 
         | [1]https://www.timeout.com/newyork/news/200-electric-buses-
         | are-...
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _now they 're slow rolling out fully electric by...2040_
           | 
           | The MTA operates 5,800 buses [1]. At 525 kWh per bus [2],
           | that's 3 GwH of batteries fleetwide. Charging those daily is
           | enough to keep a large power plant busy.
           | 
           | [1] https://new.mta.info/project/zero-emission-bus-fleet
           | 
           | [2] https://chargedevs.com/newswire/new-yorks-mta-
           | orders-60-more...
        
         | mabbo wrote:
         | Plugin hybrids have the worst of both options as well as the
         | best.
         | 
         | They have to carry with them an entire gas engine, plus large
         | electric motors, plus a huge battery. That's a lot of mass.
         | This makes them inefficient as gas vehicles, and less efficient
         | as EVs.
         | 
         | Take a look at the Toyota Prius Prime, considered a great PHEV.
         | It's got almost the same gas milage in combined city/highway
         | driving as my 2012 Honda Civic (around 50 mpg). The Prius has
         | got a slight edge. But that's _combined_ , which presumes 45%
         | highway and 55% city. You don't want to take that car on a road
         | trip because once the battery is dead, you'll be needing to
         | stop to refill the gas tank every 90 minutes. My Civic will
         | drive 600km or more on highways, easily.
         | 
         | PHEVs are the best vehicle if you drive less than 60km per day,
         | and mostly have stop-go city driving (so you can recharge on
         | braking).
        
           | KMag wrote:
           | > PHEVs are the best vehicle if you drive less than 60km per
           | day, and mostly have stop-go city driving (so you can
           | recharge on braking).
           | 
           | Nit: it's the low average speed of stop-go driving (less air
           | resistance) that makes city driving more efficient for EVs.
           | You'd get even better efficiency for the same average speed
           | if it weren't stop-go driving.
        
           | jefftk wrote:
           | _> you 'll be needing to stop to refill the gas tank every 90
           | minutes_
           | 
           | This is just wrong. The Prius Prime has an 11.4 gal tank and
           | is rated 53mpg on the highway [1]. If you drive 70mph you'll
           | need to refill after 7+ hours of driving and 500+mi.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.toyota-slo.com/blog/the-new-2022-toyota-
           | prius-pr...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | unregistereddev wrote:
           | I'm a bit confused by your numbers, and I suspect we may be
           | mixing multiple units of measure (maybe due to different
           | definitions of gallon?).
           | 
           | The 2021 Prius Prime is rated at 53mpg highway. Let's assume
           | that is optimistic and it gets 50mpg. Its fuel tank holds
           | 11.4 gallons, but you don't want to run it dry - let's say 10
           | gallons are usable. That is a 500-mile (~800km) range after
           | the battery is dead. At 75mph, that requires stopping to
           | refill the gas tank every 6 hours and 40 minutes.
           | 
           | The most efficient 2012 Honda Civic is the hybrid, which is
           | EPA rated at 44mpg highway. That is very efficient. However,
           | 44mpg -> 53mpg is a 20% increase in distance per gallon of
           | fuel. The Prius Prime is significantly more efficient. Since
           | we're intentionally ignoring electric range in these numbers,
           | I think the efficiency gains are mostly from the 9 years of
           | R&D that passed between these two cars being built.
           | 
           | Interestingly, the non-plugin 2021 Prius Eco is also rated at
           | 53mpg highway. I do think it's odd that the extra weight from
           | a larger battery didn't have a bigger impact on fuel economy.
           | It looks like that makes a small difference in town, where
           | the Prius Eco gets 58mpg vs the Prius Prime's 55mpg.
        
             | Panzer04 wrote:
             | Weight is not that important for highway driving
             | especially, where the vast majority of resistance comes
             | from air and not rolling resistance. It's mostly bad for
             | ICE stop and go, where you have to get the whole car moving
             | again from a dead stop repeatedly.
        
             | ben7799 wrote:
             | The new Prius is probably larger & faster and meets more
             | safety & emissions standards as well.
             | 
             | And it will get much better fuel economy than the Civic as
             | soon as traffic gets bad or some city driving is required.
             | 
             | Picking highway MPG cherry picks the solution that makes
             | the Hybrid or EV look the worst compared to the traditional
             | ICE car.
             | 
             | Not that the Civic is/was a bad car. But all cars are a lot
             | bigger and safer than they were, so it's almost always
             | cherry picking to go back and take an example of an old
             | fuel efficient car. A lot of those old cars could not pass
             | modern emissions or safety testing, they got their good
             | fuel economy by being a) Slow b) Light. A big part of light
             | was not having extra mass for safety or emissions. On top
             | of all that the mileage ratings for cars have also changed,
             | so you can't even directly compare the ratings for an old
             | civic with a new one.
        
               | unregistereddev wrote:
               | To be fair, the EPA changed the way they calculate
               | mileage ratings in 2006 (affecting window stickers in
               | 2008), so the 2012 Civic is a valid-ish comparison. Also,
               | I chose the most efficient Civic available, which was the
               | hybrid model.
               | 
               | I do wholeheartedly agree with you, though. Even when
               | cherry picking data (highway mpg's, ignoring miles driven
               | in EV mode, choosing the most efficient Civic) and
               | ignoring other factors (larger, safer, lower emissions),
               | the Prius Prime is much more efficient. I think plugin
               | hybrids have their place.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | I've been saying this for years.
         | 
         | I just don't understand it. A car that can drive ~40 miles on
         | pure electric that has an ICE for longer trips would satisfy
         | the needs of everyone. For like 90+% of people, it would mean
         | never using gas for their commute while also eliminating range
         | anxiety.
         | 
         | I'm especially surprised about the lack of plug-in hybrids for
         | semi trucks. I'd think having a little extra electronic torque
         | would help considerably when accelerating. It doesn't need to
         | go 0-60 in 20 seconds while carrying 80K lbs like the Tesla
         | Semi claims, but certainly having extra power could be useful
         | in some scenarios. Heck, just having regen braking would be a
         | game changer when going down hills. No noise from a Jake Brake,
         | and no worries about burning up brake pads.
        
           | peteradio wrote:
           | Hows maintenance cost for hybrids compared to pure ice?
        
             | giobox wrote:
             | Generally not really any better or worse. The electric bits
             | added in a PHEV is relatively ancient, simple and reliable
             | tech - ~5 to 20kwh battery plus a small electric motor
             | added to the end of the existing transmission in most
             | cases. Electric motors in vehicles generally have little to
             | no maintenance requirements and just last the lifespan of
             | the vehicle - the stator/rotor never "touch" so there isn't
             | anything that "wears" anything like as much as in a
             | combustion engine and no complex lubrication challenges.
             | The battery will wear over time, but again generally lasts
             | most to all of the lifespan of the vehicle.
             | 
             | In some cases reliability actually improves, as the
             | extremely reliable electric motor can replace things such
             | as reverse gear and the starter motor, reducing complexity
             | of the ICE system and transmission. The only parts being
             | serviced that you pay for continue to be the gas bits
             | exactly as before.
        
           | xenadu02 wrote:
           | This more than doubles the complexity, increases weight, has
           | much lower battery capacity, and still sticks you with the
           | maintenance work required for the ICE.
           | 
           | Plus gas is a very volatile mix that degrades; you must run
           | the ICE regularly to ensure the tank gets cycled.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | Uh, exactly how long can I go between running the ICE
             | engine before... something(?) happens to my gas and engine?
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | It's unlikely to be a one time thing. But recurrently
               | letting gas sit for extended periods of time could cause
               | issues. This mostly only applies to ethanol containing
               | fuels. This is why boats need to use 100% gas. You should
               | do the same for a plugin hybrid if you don't cycle the
               | tank at least every 2-3 weeks. That's all it takes to
               | damage a boat if it sits. Cars will be better but the
               | repeated exposure would certainly take a toll.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | What does "take a toll" mean? Sorry to be difficult but
               | people tell me a lot of things will damage my car in the
               | long term, but I haven't been able to reproduce any of
               | those problems yet. The only thing that damaged my car
               | was putting too much oil in it, that caused it to fail
               | nearly immediately, and was covered by the warranty so it
               | was free to replace the whole engine.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | Eh, your car will run a little shitty with the old gas,
               | leaving an engine without running it for extended periods
               | can cause somewhat faster corrosion depending on your
               | environment, and old gas can increase things like various
               | gunk getting deposited around your engine.
               | 
               | All in all, a mild shortening of the life of your engine
               | and perhaps triggering some maintenance sooner than
               | otherwise.
               | 
               | Realistically, not much. The people saying "bad for you"
               | aren't wrong but they also fail to mention the effect
               | size. It's not particularly relevant unless you want to
               | own the same car for a few hundred thousand miles and
               | absolutely minimize maintenance. (Small aircraft for
               | example, you want to care a lot about these things
               | because they're very expensive, when the engine fails
               | you'll be thousands of feet above the ground, and a well
               | maintained plane can last decades. Your daily driver
               | probably doesn't have any of these issues)
               | 
               | There are various preventative things you can do to
               | minimize the effects anyway. It's one of those internet
               | things where yeah they're not wrong exactly but they need
               | to relax. Having too much beer and cheeseburgers last
               | night long term probably wasn't the best decision, but
               | you know what I'll probably be fine.
               | 
               | Leaking gas in a car for a long time is like eating too
               | much fast food. Ok yeah not the greatest but are you the
               | type of person who cares enough to never eat McDonald's?
               | Make your decisions according to your disposition and
               | don't take people telling you you're wrong too seriously.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Thank you! This was my conclusion as well: there's an
               | effect, it's small, and was probably much larger 30 years
               | ago.
               | 
               | I also only have the oil changed every 10K miles which
               | horrifies my friends.
        
               | unregistereddev wrote:
               | Ethanol is hygroscopic. As long as you burn the fuel in a
               | reasonable amount of time it's not a problem, but when
               | ethanol sits over time it collects water. Next time you
               | run your engine, it pulls water into the engine.
               | 
               | Now, if the engine runs long enough to fully warm up,
               | this isn't the end of the world. Any water will turn to
               | steam and be pushed out through the exhaust. However, if
               | the engine only runs for a short period of time, water
               | can sit inside of it and cause corrosion. Realistically
               | this is only a problem if you repeatedly allow ethanol-
               | containing fuel to sit for a long time, and also
               | repeatedly run an ICE for very short periods of time.
               | 
               | It is a bigger problem for boat motors, because they
               | operate in a wet environment already. It is also a bigger
               | problem for carbureted engines, where fuel sits in the
               | carburetor bowl while the engine is not running. This
               | allows hygroscopic fuels to corrode the inside of the
               | carburetor while the engine sits.
               | 
               | Ignoring ethanol, it is also true that gasoline breaks
               | down over time. However, it typically takes many months
               | before gasoline breaks down enough to worry. There are
               | also additives that help stabilize gasoline for longer
               | storage.
               | 
               | TL;DR in a reasonably modern-ish car, it's probably fine.
               | In small engines like lawn mowers, it is best to either
               | use ethanol-free gasoline or to completely drain the fuel
               | before storing the mower for the winter. In antique cars
               | with carburetors, it is best to use ethanol-free
               | gasoline.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | BMW had something for their i3 that ran the engine
               | automatically every so often for this very reason.
               | 
               | But they also only stuck it with a 2 gallon tank.
        
               | hangonhn wrote:
               | My friends LOVE their i3 and it was like their gateway
               | drug to EVs. I think if BMW had kept going on that
               | concept, it would have create a true winner. They NEVER
               | needed to refill their backup tank in the 2 or 3 years
               | they leased. I think BMW did something special to make
               | the gas tank keep the gasoline that long. In that span of
               | time, battery mode satisfied all their needs and they
               | loved driving it.
        
               | opwieurposiu wrote:
               | You want to run an engine once a month or so to keep all
               | the internal parts protected from rust by a thin film of
               | oil. It is best to let it heat up all the way to drive
               | out as much moisture as possible.
               | 
               | Internal rusting is a big issue on airplanes that do not
               | get flown often enough. The first thing to go are the cam
               | shafts.
               | 
               | https://www.aviationpros.com/home/article/10387461/corros
               | ion...
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | > It is best to let it heat up all the way to drive out
               | as much moisture as possible.
               | 
               | > Internal rusting is a big issue on airplanes that do
               | not get flown often enough.
               | 
               | I was always told to take the car for an actual drive
               | (including a highway stretch) to achieve these ends,
               | otherwise the moisture you're expelling accumulates in
               | the exhaust system.
               | 
               | Looking around the neighborhood, I assume the people with
               | the rusted-out mufflers are the ones that just let it
               | idle.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | In fact there was just a PR blitz about not idling to
               | circulate oil: https://cars.usnews.com/cars-
               | trucks/features/aaa-says-dont-w...
               | 
               | Since I have yet to see any of these various claims
               | having any impact on the maintainability or function of
               | my car, I think I'll stick to my plan of not wasting the
               | gas in my engine for months at a time.
        
               | DavidPeiffer wrote:
               | I don't recall specific models, but I have read some
               | (many? most?) plug-in hybrids monitor how long since the
               | tank was last filled and at a certain point will run the
               | gas engine to work through the fuel before it goes bad.
        
               | bcrl wrote:
               | I've always wondered why there aren't diesel hybrids on
               | the market given the higher energy density of diesel plus
               | its long term stability. It would seem to be the ideal
               | use-case since the diesel engine could be run at the RPM
               | needed to be to minimize emissions.
        
             | enragedcacti wrote:
             | > This more than doubles the complexity
             | 
             | hybrid systems are complex but really not much more complex
             | than traditional ICE when you consider that they no longer
             | need starters or alternators, have transmissions with no
             | shifting components, and can use electric A/C compressors
             | to avoid accessory belts entirely.
             | 
             | They also have much longer maintenance intervals because
             | the engine is only running ~2/3rds of the time.
             | 
             | Electric cars are of course simpler but have cost and range
             | issues that are prohibitive for some use cases, not to
             | mention will usually weigh much more than even an
             | equivalent plugin hybrid.
             | 
             | Suffice to say there is a reason that the best taxi vehicle
             | has been the Prius for more than a decade. efficient and
             | rock solid reliable despite increased complexity.
             | 
             | Most importantly though, you can make 10 plugin hybrids
             | with the battery from one BEV. As long as raw materials for
             | batteries are a bottleneck then we should be seriously
             | considering PHEVs as a stopgap if as we can make sure they
             | are getting charged.
        
             | twobitshifter wrote:
             | It doesn't have to double complexity. Look at the BMW i3
             | Rex - it used a basic range-extending generator and was
             | ahead of its time. The weight savings of the Rex vs. a
             | larger battery are significant. Most EVs carry around a
             | battery that they'll only use 10% of on a typical day.
        
             | endisneigh wrote:
             | That doesn't make sense, a lithium battery is heavier than
             | an engine in the differentials we are talking about.
             | 
             | The volt pretty much already is a case study for the other
             | points. It's not really that much work.
             | 
             | The later point can be resolved with software that uses the
             | gas on occasion.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | If you know ahead of time that the engine is going to run
             | infrequently, there are lots of ways to mitigate this. The
             | ICE is tantamount to a backup generator, and there are very
             | reliable backup generators.
             | 
             | > This more than doubles the complexity, increases weight
             | 
             | I mean, US consumers already put up with this when it came
             | to automatic transmissions. But the cost/maintenance
             | problems were a fair trade-off for convenience.
             | 
             | And in the case of plug-in hybrids, they are VERY
             | convenient. You almost never need to get gas, but you can
             | still go on a road trip without any pre-planning.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | A Toyota Synergy style hybrid has a more mechanically
             | simple transmission than an ICE plus a traditional
             | transmission. I haven't seen numbers, but I'd be surprised
             | if ICE plus a fuel system weighs more than 300 miles worth
             | of batteries, but you get 600 miles of range with the ICE.
             | You could easily get more, but PHEVs seem to be stuck with
             | a 12 gallon tank.
             | 
             | My PHEV has a two year maintenance cycle, and the ICE
             | portion is changing the oil, mostly. Yes, at some point
             | you'll need to do a timing chain/belt, and there's
             | incidentals; you'll never need to replace emissions
             | equipment on a BEV, and most of the unscheduled maintenance
             | on my ICE equipped cars has been related to emissions: EGR
             | valves, o2 sensors, EVAP canisters, etc.
             | 
             | The engine control system takes care of running the ICE
             | regularly, it's not something you have to worry about. I'd
             | expect it to push you to fill up the tank about twice a
             | year if you're mostly driving electric. I drive my PHEV
             | mostly gas, and not that often anyway, so I just fill up
             | every 500 miles or so.
        
           | pastor_bob wrote:
           | Most people would never plug it in. This would only be ideal
           | if you could make using gas significantly more cost
           | inefficient (i.e. astronomically higher gas prices), which
           | will always be unpalatable in the US. Hopefully some states
           | eventually have the guts to do it.
        
             | throwaway5959 wrote:
             | Oil is a finite resource. Eventually economics will force
             | people to abandon gas (my bet is sooner than the 50 years
             | the industry projects there are reserves for).
        
           | comte7092 wrote:
           | I live in an apartment. I drive a full EV and the 200+ miles
           | range allows me to get away with charging at public chargers
           | intermittently rather than having to plug in basically every
           | night.
           | 
           | If I had a plug in hybrid, it wouldn't get plugged in.
        
             | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
             | If you could charge at home with your own dedicated
             | charger, would you plug in a plug-in hybrid?
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | I think there is a sweet spot for city size and how many
             | people are using EVs for apartment EV users now. Your city
             | needs to be large enough to draw investment for this
             | infrastructure, but it can't be so large that each and
             | every charger in town has someone already parked there,
             | which is what seemingly happens when I see the few dozen
             | chargers installed around my neighborhood.
             | 
             | You also don't want most people to be driving EVs, because
             | then it quickly becomes a situation like bikes are with
             | last mile transport: if everyone used them, they wouldn't
             | work so well, but so long as only a few people are using
             | them it works great for you. If everyone brought a bike on
             | the train we'd have to redesign trains to be far longer and
             | lengthen underground stations to match; right now its fine
             | because its only maybe 2-3 people per train car with a bike
             | in my experience, but if that changes the fixes are
             | expensive.
             | 
             | Likewise with EV chargers, if we see mass adoption, we'd
             | have to foot the bill to turn every basically zero cost
             | spit of pavement people park on into dedicated charging
             | infrastructure. I'm assuming a municipal charger will have
             | to be substantially more rugged and able to handle more
             | abuse than your average home charger installation.
             | Estimates on the internet vary for what a l2 charger costs,
             | lets say its $10000 for one fit for a public parking spot.
             | That would put the cost to convert the 6 million parking
             | spots in Los Angeles at $60 billion. Sure that's probably
             | not sound math, but it doesn't seem cheap, especially
             | factoring in ongoing maintenance and replacement.
        
               | ff317 wrote:
               | A decent L2 charger should be installable at scale for
               | ~$1K per unit IMHO. I'm basing this on the fact that a
               | singular L2 home charger can be installed for about that.
               | Figure the industrial variant costs a little more, but
               | you get savings from the mass scale of deployment. They
               | probably cost more now, but competition will bring it
               | down as we scale.
               | 
               | Also, not everyone will even need L2 everywhere all the
               | time, because many will be able to charge at home or use
               | fast-chargers in emergencies. You don't have to be near-
               | full at all times. You could deploy them at only 1/N
               | spots, say something closer to 1/4 of all the spots, if
               | even that (apartments might need 1/1, but streets and
               | business parking lots/garages would need far less. You
               | don't need them in any short-term street parking areas,
               | as L2 is mostly-useless unless the car is sitting in
               | place for hours).
               | 
               | You also don't necessarily need to have the raw power to
               | run them all simultaneously: you can have local groups
               | powershare (e.g. deploy 8 chargers with a feed-in that
               | supports 4, and the chargers can coordinate to drop their
               | charge rate as more people plug in).
               | 
               | If those wild assumptions are true ($1k, 1/4 of parking
               | spots), LA's bill drops to $1.5B, which seems much more
               | reasonable. The capacity will build up organically over
               | time as EV adoption grows, starting with corporate and
               | apartment parking lots.
               | 
               | I think in this hypothetical all-EV future, there would
               | be other compensating changes to the city as well. Like,
               | all gas stations would go poof, and their tanks, and the
               | fuel delivery trucks, and most of the refineries, and all
               | of the associated impacts on peoples' health from both
               | the fueling and the car exhausts, etc. There's a lot of
               | potential upside to offset any reasonable electrification
               | costs.
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | I've had a couple of apartments install ev chargers in
             | every parking space in the last few years. That kind of
             | thing is going to get progressively more common.
        
               | TheRealPomax wrote:
               | I think the "if I had a hybrid, it wouldn't get plugged
               | in" part is what they were calling out: that is now a
               | fossil fuel car _even though_ they could quite
               | comfortably plug it in.
               | 
               | Hybrid cars are, effectively, enablers. The not-even
               | temptation to just top it up, in under a minute, at an
               | entirely acceptable cost (given that you could afford a
               | hybrid, you can afford gas) is the best way to prevent
               | people from actually going electric.
               | 
               | Plus, from an industry perspective, hybrids are the
               | perfect excuse for manufacturers to just keep spending on
               | ICE improvements rather than EV improvements: as long as
               | the total package seems to get more mileage every year,
               | no one's paying attention to the fact that the EV parts
               | don't get improved nearly as much as the ICE parts do.
               | And because hybrids cut into EV sales, manufacturers have
               | the perfect excuse to keep working on ICE tech because
               | "the majority of people are still buying cars with an ICE
               | or ICE component".
               | 
               | Hybrids would be great if people were rational. Instead,
               | people are the exact opposite, and hybrids are the
               | perfect "let's not move to full EV" excuse for consumers
               | and manufacturers alike.
        
               | throwaway5959 wrote:
               | Why do we need chargers in every parking space? Is every
               | space allotted? In our parking structure (five floors) we
               | have about 50 EVs and only four chargers, there's always
               | at least one spot available. I guess there's no real harm
               | in it but seems like a waste of resources.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | If everybody has an EV it becomes more of a problem and
               | shuffling your car around to leave space for your
               | neighbors is a time sink.
               | 
               | For a while I commuted 80 miles a day which would have
               | meant daily charges were more or less necessary. Having
               | to take the car out for a walk every night would have
               | been irritating.
        
           | anonu wrote:
           | I'll play the devil's advocate here: its because hybrids are
           | boring. Specifically, they accelerate slowly. We live in a
           | world of instant gratification (tweets, tiktok, etc..) People
           | want the same with their cars. Which is why TSLA was
           | successful. Personally, when I think TSLA I think of a car
           | that dominates the 0 to 60 charts for a fraction of a cost
           | the ICE cars on the list.
        
             | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
             | The idea that hybrids accelerate slowly is probably a
             | leftover stereotype from when the only hybrids for sale
             | were econoboxes like the Prius. The instant torque from an
             | electric motor actually helps with acceleration. These days
             | many of the quickest supercars are hybrids. And there are a
             | bunch of consumer cars where there the hybrid is quicker
             | than the ICE version.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | A Toyota Prius is pretty close to that.
        
       | danielfoster wrote:
       | Why does critical infrastructure need to be among the first to
       | "go green?"
        
         | quantified wrote:
         | Not that it needs to go first. It's visible and it's possible
         | for a small number of decision-makers to decide and have an
         | impact over a larger swath of infrastructure. 1000 vehicles can
         | be the result of 10 people deciding, not 1000 people deciding.
        
           | LarryMullins wrote:
           | "Critical infrastructure" is critical because it has some job
           | more important than being a billboard for a cause. If you can
           | make it a billboard without compromising it's primary
           | function, then great, but obviously EV garbage trucks isn't
           | such a case.
        
             | quantified wrote:
             | EV snowplows isn't a case. I'd be interested if any
             | discussion of electrifying included plowing.
             | 
             | One thing that's clear: until battery-powered EVs are able
             | to handle real muscular work (snow removal, hauling,
             | plowing, etc.), diesel engines will be purchased,
             | maintained and fueled by all levels of authority. Exactly
             | how will roads be maintained without graders, pavers, etc.?
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | Garbage trucks make almost all their emissions in the city,
         | with their staff working around them. They work at low speed
         | and stop and start continually.
         | 
         | Other than this ploughing requirement, they seem a good early
         | opportunity for conversion.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | Who says it does? What does that address?
         | 
         | Improving fleets has large ROI. The benefit is all the
         | emissions from all those vehicles. The cost should be lowered
         | per vehicle due to standardization, and due to professional
         | managers, maintainers, and drivers who can handle much more
         | complexity and deal with novel issues.
        
         | fulafel wrote:
         | We can't afford to make things "go green" serially, we need to
         | move on all fronts at once.
        
           | customname wrote:
           | Why?
        
       | ohelabs wrote:
       | To me, this is hard to understand. There used to be a saying
       | "right tool for the right job" and I'm sure when Ford released
       | the model T lots of people said "horses can do X while
       | automobiles can not"
       | 
       | This is a step ... where basically 9 months out of the year there
       | is no emissions in the city and the trucks are effectively the
       | same 1:1 replacement.
       | 
       | I also understand that this is a much harder article to write
       | "the city got away with using the wrong tool for the job for
       | years and now has to address the problem they created" (this cuts
       | both ways). It probably seemed like a win win at the time but now
       | a solution will need to be engineered to solve it... im also sure
       | having a hybrid fleet (some ICE and some EV) will be great for
       | times of increased demand and having backups when something
       | breaks...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | RogerL wrote:
         | They say all of that, and more in the article.
        
       | agtorre wrote:
       | I wonder what the longer-term solution is for this? More trucks?
       | Exchangeable batteries? Faster charging?
        
         | gee_totes wrote:
         | Heated streets?
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | It's ultimately heating the atmosphere above them. I heard
           | this planed had some trouble with thermal balance recently,
           | things were getting too hot.
           | 
           | In seriousness, heating streets with abundant solar energy
           | harvested nearby _would_ be reasonable. But sunshine in
           | winter months is not as intense, and you 'd have to build, as
           | usual, a huge battery to keep the energy for the night. (When
           | this is solved, more problems would get solved along the way
           | than just de-snowing streets.)
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | Solid state batteries show promise. But honestly for a set or
         | requirements like this, just using traditional fuel + paying
         | for carbon sequestration would probably be a cheaper option.
        
         | IronWolve wrote:
         | Swappable batteries is how some countries are migrating to ev
         | for motorcycle/scooter taxis, just swap batteries and keep
         | moving passengers. The cost savings seems to be worth it, read
         | that its about 75% savings against fuel costs.
         | 
         | The easy solutions will go first, working its way up with
         | better tech and design.
         | 
         | I think car/fleet size batteries isn't really feasible with
         | swapping batteries. Small scooter batteries seems like a no
         | brainer.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | I don't know about this. I don't think battery swapping
           | scales up very well.
           | 
           | Firstly, I know someone who works on Daimler's electric
           | trucks and he assures me that their electric powertrains are
           | EXTREMELY dangerous just from the amount of power
           | represented. Union operators have expressed negative interest
           | in connecting/disconnecting the batteries outside of the
           | factory.
           | 
           | Secondly, the economics - the battery pack on a Tesla already
           | represents over half of the materials and manufacturing cost.
           | And it's the only scarce thing about EVs. If you are a fleet
           | operator and have to maintain a bank of batteries to charge,
           | you may as well just buy the bodies to go with.
           | 
           | So I would guess that in an EV fleet future where the cost of
           | batteries has dropped significantly, you will probably see
           | the size of the fleets increase as operating costs drop.
        
             | IronWolve wrote:
             | Its already being used at the scooter level, scales fine
             | there for small applications where batteries are as easy to
             | replace as filling the tank of gas.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | It scales well there because you can hold a scooter
               | battery with your hand.
        
             | LarryMullins wrote:
             | > _Union operators have expressed negative interest in
             | connecting /disconnecting the batteries outside of the
             | factory._
             | 
             | To be fair, union operators express negative interest in
             | anybody outside their union doing anything that might be
             | construed as otherwise the union's work.
        
             | landemva wrote:
             | > you will probably see the size of the fleets increase
             | 
             | This is already happening with municipal bus and school bus
             | fleets. The bus count is over-provisioned to allow for the
             | longer electric 'refueling' times.
             | 
             | As fleet managers understand, when a vehicle is being
             | refueled it is out of service.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | In this case, I think NYC is an edge-case where they
               | don't have a lot of room to store additional fleet
               | resources.
        
             | the-rc wrote:
             | Citibike wants to connect to the city grid so they don't
             | need to send technicians to every station to swap dead
             | batteries. It's not too much of a stretch to think that,
             | perhaps, the stations could recharge truck batteries, too,
             | at some point. Many fewer residents bike during the winter,
             | let alone during a snow storm, so you could, conceivably,
             | sacrifice a bike space or two or five in December-February
             | (or just when you know snow is coming). Stations are
             | ubiquitous by now: especially in the denser areas, there's
             | one every few blocks.
             | 
             | That's assuming you can deal with safety, theft and other
             | related issues.
        
               | the-rc wrote:
               | The other point I forgot to make is that, during a storm,
               | you could ground a lot of other non-essential electric
               | vehicles, e.g. buses, and place their batteries
               | strategically throughout the city (at a bike station, or
               | empty parking spots). Once the emergency is over, you're
               | not stuck with a lot of excess inventory. That, again,
               | assumes a lot: common batteries, etc.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | All of the above. Must Run trucks should probably be gas
         | turbine hybrids, that can burn anything for fuel (diesel,
         | biodiesel, Jet A, etc), versus full electric.
         | 
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/samabuelsamid/2016/06/07/mack-t...
        
           | dsfyu404ed wrote:
           | >ust Run trucks should probably be gas turbine hybrids, that
           | can burn anything for fuel (diesel, biodiesel, Jet A, etc),
           | versus full electric.
           | 
           | That's just high tech engineer fantasy though.
           | 
           | Turbine is great for steady loads and terrible for cyclical
           | loads which is what a garbage truck does all day. Electrical
           | is great for cyclical but batteries just don't support the
           | energy density to do it all day. You can theoretically bridge
           | the gap real well with a hybrid system but it's only
           | theoretical because in the real world other people's money is
           | not actually an unlimited resource and you're not getting a
           | turbine into anything cheaply. There's a reason you only see
           | them in vehicles that are already fantastically expensive
           | (tanks) and benefit greatly from some of the specific
           | performance attributes. It would be really cool though...
           | 
           | Right now the trucks can do 1/3 of what they need with the
           | batteries they have. Commercial vehicles like this are very
           | much constrained by weight. The "nearly free" and shovel
           | ready solution is to just raise the weight limit for the
           | vehicles in question so they can pack on the other 2/3 of the
           | batteries they need and let them roll around at 120k+ all day
           | like concrete trucks. Sure you'll get a little more wear and
           | tear on stuff but this solution doesn't require an unforeseen
           | technology (battery) or economic (turbines) breakthrough.
        
             | landemva wrote:
             | Rather than running excess weight on roads, they could also
             | deploy the shovel ready solution of liquid fuel and
             | internal combustion engines.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | > Turbine is great for steady loads and terrible for
             | cyclical loads which is what a garbage truck does all day.
             | 
             | Right. This would certainly apply to the mechanically
             | coupled turbine truck prototypes from the 70's.
             | 
             | But if its driving a generator then you can let batteries
             | or capacitors handle the cyclic loads of acceleration and
             | have a computer throttle the turbine according to the
             | overall demand.
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | This technology has been talked about lately in the context
           | of Abrams tanks which could potentially be used in Ukraine.
           | Doesn't it burn a lot more fuel?
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Yes! But that might be a penalty you're willing to make
             | versus long turnaround times, especially if you're in NYC
             | vs a harsh military theater and fueling infra is solved.
             | 
             | The truck doesn't care if the battery slab is pulled and
             | replaced with another battery or a hybrid powertrain, it
             | just cares it has enough power to accelerate and
             | decelerate.
             | 
             | https://old.reddit.com/r/WarCollege/comments/r40x15/why_are
             | _...
        
         | ericmay wrote:
         | Yea just better tech. It's not a big deal. And it's all in
         | progress. News just likes to make headlines about anything new
         | so you get scared about it.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | I dunno, "we've made things worse but _someone_ will come
           | along and make it better " is not exactly confidence
           | inspiring. Especially given the amount of wasted
           | money/resources you will generate along the way.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | Not great framing because nobody made electric vehicles
             | worse, they started off at a certain level of performance
             | and then they'll just improve from there.
             | 
             | Now you could say well we made _snow plowing_ worse, and of
             | course in this specific example you 'd be right, but you'd
             | be ignoring longer time horizons and not really comparing
             | or accounting for the impact of negative externalities.
             | 
             | An easy way to think about it is if you uninstalled an
             | existing window and had tarp on it for a few days while you
             | installed a more energy efficient window. You wouldn't say
             | "things are worse now!", you'd recognize that you're making
             | a change which is better over the long term.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | > An easy way to think about it is if you uninstalled an
               | existing window and had tarp on it for a few days while
               | you installed a more energy efficient window.
               | 
               | A more apt analogy would be if the new window was not
               | even invented yet.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Ok we'll use gas trucks forever and never change or
               | improve or invent anything new.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | ????
               | 
               | Or we can just electrify applications that currently make
               | sense and work from there as the technology improves.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Instead of just being argumentative you should read my
               | original post and the post I responded to.
        
               | notinfuriated wrote:
               | Yeah, I don't understand this pattern of comment-making
               | on the internet. For whatever reason, your comment was
               | downvoted slightly so then you got targeted by people
               | over and over again, even in subsequent replies, with the
               | least generous interpretation of every comment made. I
               | suspect your initial comment also triggered a reaction in
               | saying "it's not a big deal", to which a bunch of people
               | thought, _" Oh yeah, well it's a real big deal
               | actually!"_ despite this being a single article about a
               | very specific situation in NYC, something HN readers will
               | forget about in less than two weeks.
               | 
               | I do not see the point in downvotes on this site. It
               | seems like any slightly political article/discussion
               | results in this sort of behavior.
               | 
               | Sorry for the meta comment.
        
               | itsyaboi wrote:
               | A more apt analogy would be if you removed the existing
               | window without having ordered a new one or found a
               | contractor to install it.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | That's not a good analogy because in this case the snow
               | plows still plow so some snow is still removed. To use
               | your analogy then they would have sold existing plow-
               | capable trucks and not had any to plow, but that wasn't
               | the case.
        
               | itsyaboi wrote:
               | The tarp is partially effective, just like the electric
               | trucks.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Yes, partially effective until the new energy efficient
               | window is installed. Stop gap measure. Transition period.
               | Etc.
               | 
               | I apologize if that wasn't _extremely_ obvious from what
               | I already wrote.
        
               | itsyaboi wrote:
               | No need to apologize.
               | 
               | The concern here is that the stopgap measure (the
               | tarp/electric trucks) are implemented too early. The
               | superior replacement window does not yet exist. There is
               | no need to remove the older window and deal with a hole
               | in the side of your house for half a year while you wait
               | for new windows to hit the market.
        
               | mindover wrote:
               | As an EV owner. I can use my car in about 95% cases:
               | that's plenty! Way cheaper than gas, no maintenance
               | required, super comfortable, etc. The remaining 5% is
               | when I need to drive somewhere rough or when it's very
               | cold outside and I have concerns about getting stuck.
               | 
               | There is no way I will give up the convenience of EV for
               | those 5%.
        
       | tinglymintyfrsh wrote:
       | If they run a fleet, they should be swapping battery packs not
       | waiting around for batteries to charge.
        
       | mrmckizzle wrote:
       | I'm surprised, I thought the electric engines would supply more
       | torque. Thereby making it easier to plow snow.
        
         | i_am_proteus wrote:
         | While the headline references "power," the issue is that these
         | electric trucks do not have enough battery capacity to plow
         | snow for a full day before recharging overnight.
         | 
         | I have always thought that municipal road services had great
         | potential to be electrified via partial catenary: take power
         | from (and charge batteries) where the roads are electrified,
         | discharge battery where the roads are not electrified.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Stupid question so, why would you use a garbage truck to plow
           | snow? Over here, cities, towns and musipalities use different
           | vehicles for different jobs, suxh as garbage, snow plowing,
           | street cleaning and so on...
        
             | ElevenLathe wrote:
             | This is a guess but most cities have a road/right of way
             | department that does snow removal. For whatever reason, in
             | NYC this is apparently done by the sanitation department. I
             | think this is a meatspace Conway's Law, unrelated to
             | whether or not it is actually better to have separate
             | trucks or not.
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | It is one of those solutions that at first look might sound
             | good. But with closer inspection there is more and more
             | problems. Like for example is equipping the trucks
             | sensible? And what happens to the garbage that should have
             | been collected? And training people for both jobs. As
             | driving snow truck does require some expertise.
        
               | LarryMullins wrote:
               | This is one of those objections that sounds good at
               | first. But upon closer inspection you find out that the
               | practice of using one truck for two different sorts of
               | jobs has been commonplace for decades and it works out
               | fine.
        
             | darkwizard42 wrote:
             | Garbage trucks have easy attachment of snow plows and allow
             | existing infrastructure to be on double duty. In a place
             | like NYC storage of this many vehicles is also a concern,
             | so just doubling your fleet for winter (3, maybe 4 months)
             | usage isn't ideal either.
        
             | rz2k wrote:
             | They very rarely need to plow snow in New York city, but
             | when they do there are hundreds of miles to plow, and it is
             | _much_ faster if they begin the plowing before even an inch
             | accumulates.
             | 
             | It is much more efficient to press the thousands garbage
             | trucks into this rapid snow plowing service a few days per
             | year than to waste 20 acres storing snow plows for the 350
             | days per year when they are not needed.
        
               | mertd wrote:
               | They also bury the trash bags under the plowed snow,
               | which is a win-win for them because they can forget about
               | collecting them until spring. :)
        
               | i_am_proteus wrote:
               | This and also: NYC residential trash collection is
               | curbside. Literally leave trash bags on the curb. Trash
               | collection cannot occur when the curb is snowed in.
               | 
               | So, were there separate trucks for the two tasks, the
               | trash trucks would sit idle until after the snow plow
               | trucks had finished their rounds.
               | 
               | Given the infrequency and relatively small volume of snow
               | NYC gets, plus the curbside trash collection, sharing
               | trucks and drivers is reasonably efficient.
        
             | xtorol wrote:
             | NYC does have a number of dedicated salt-spreader/plow
             | trucks [1].
             | 
             | As for why they use garbage trucks to plow, I speculate
             | that it's an issue of scale. Buying a special purpose plow
             | truck to replace every garbage truck that currently does
             | double duty would leave you with a pretty
             | significant/expensive fleet of trucks that are sitting idle
             | most of the time (not to mention taking up space, which is
             | at a premium in NYC).
             | 
             | [1] https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/dsny/site/about/fleet
        
             | gopalv wrote:
             | > why would you use a garbage truck to plow snow?
             | 
             | They're optimizing for trained drivers who can drive safely
             | in the snow rather than hire two.
             | 
             | For a dangerous job on snowy roads, I think the fewer
             | people employed with better pay is better than more people
             | with lower pay for the same skills.
             | 
             | That said, there are a lot of places which can buy EV
             | garbage trucks before we get to the snow or ice.
             | 
             | Who's not buying them is not as relevant when we're supply
             | capped on the production of decent trucks with batteries in
             | them.
             | 
             | Sure, it affects the total-market calculations & how the
             | development is funded, but might not change how many are
             | sold per-year until the production scales.
        
         | lylejantzi3rd wrote:
         | It's not a torque issue. from the article: "We found that they
         | could not plow the snow effectively - they basically conked out
         | after four hours. We need them to go 12 hours,"
        
         | nvrmnd wrote:
         | It's not a good headline, if you read the article it is
         | mentioned that the tested vehicles could only operate for 4
         | hours before "conking out". Which I can only assume means they
         | are running out of charge. I would expect the charging time for
         | these niche vehicles is not state-of-the-art and the
         | infrastructure is poor, so that makes sense.
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | From the article, it doesn't seem to be about torque. Their
         | issues are charge duration in the battery (in cold conditions
         | it only lasting 4 vs 12 hours) and the fact that they have to
         | use garbage trucks at all compared to other municipalities
         | using smaller trucks or dump trucks/graders. Apparently the
         | city has committed to using the garbage trucks.
        
         | anm89 wrote:
         | Peak torque isn't the issue. It's how long the batteries can
         | sustain sufficient torque
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | Cold weather and battery life are two things that do not get
           | along.
        
             | ibejoeb wrote:
             | That, and when it snows in NYC, we tend lose power, so I
             | don't know what the contingency is there. Diesel
             | generators, I suppose. Is that better?
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | woeirua wrote:
         | Pushing snow is hard work. Harder than towing a large payload,
         | so it makes sense to me that electric garbage trucks that might
         | last a full day of garbage collection will fail to last as long
         | while pushing around tons of snow. Just a simple matter of
         | physics here.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | sethhochberg wrote:
       | There's a lot of discussion here, but I haven't seen anyone link
       | this slide deck which (albeit a couple of years old) does a great
       | job describing DSNY's efforts to electrify and some of their
       | results with pilot programs: https://dsny.cityofnewyork.us/wp-
       | content/uploads/2021/11/DSN...
       | 
       | A lot of the things being proposed as solutions by posters here
       | are already being tried in the real world. They're not running
       | long-distance routes to the dump, they use a network of transfer
       | stations around the boroughs. They're using DC fast charging.
       | They're exploring other hybrid options.
       | 
       | NYC isn't always great at avoiding its own special breed of "NYC
       | exceptionalism", but in this case it sure looks like they're
       | doing everything reasonably. The electric trucks are seemingly
       | working well for garbage collection. They just can't take the
       | whole fleet electric (yet) for double-duty as snow plows.
        
       | countvonbalzac wrote:
       | So we'll wait until batteries improve to the point where they can
       | be used. Not a big deal. In the mean time personal transportation
       | can be fully electrified. The subway has been running on
       | electricity for more than 100 years.
        
       | dripton wrote:
       | The title of the post is not the same as the title of the
       | article, and it's wrong. The problem isn't that the plows aren't
       | powerful enough; it's that they can only plow for four hours
       | before running out of battery life, and the city wants plows to
       | last twelve hours.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | djtriptych wrote:
       | This smells to me at least a little bit like union pressure to
       | slow the transition to electric vehicles, which is just a hop
       | from fully autonomous city vehicles, putting them all out of work
       | forever.
        
         | petermcneeley wrote:
         | Seems like a random excuse to Trash talk unions.
        
           | djtriptych wrote:
           | Well, a union rep is quoted in the article, which was weird.
           | His statement was also a little weird. The conclusions and
           | the math involved don't really add up for me. They laid the
           | groundwork for a fight against _any_ conversion to electric
           | vehicles by warning the city council about the possibly
           | prohibitive cost of installing a charger network...
           | 
           | I'm not sure it's too outlandish to postulate that the union
           | would act in their own interest here. I think any plan to
           | convert to autonomous vehicles should include a plan for
           | these workers. But I don't think you get to be Sanitation
           | Commissioner in NYC without union support.
        
             | petermcneeley wrote:
             | Perhaps the union organizers think this but it doesnt
             | really make much sense given that the trains (subway) in
             | NYC are the first thing I would automate and apparently
             | still have drivers. Automating trash pick-up in NYC is
             | probably harder than L5 autonomous driving.
        
               | djtriptych wrote:
               | It's hard now, but this is a 20 year plan to replace the
               | fleet. Already a budget item for the city, and, possibly,
               | the frontline for union concerns about automation.
        
         | redox99 wrote:
         | How is it just a hop from fully autonomous city vehicles? The
         | sensor suite and software doesn't really care about the type of
         | engine. Waymo's Chrysler Pacificas are hybrids in fact.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _union pressure to slow the transition to electric vehicles,
         | which is just a hop from fully autonomous city vehicles_
         | 
         | Wouldn't this incentivise earlier fleet turnover to electric?
         | If you've just bought an electric fleet, it's tougher to
         | justify turning it over again for autonomous only.
        
           | djtriptych wrote:
           | Interesting wrinkle
           | 
           | I'd have to think any fully electric car is a better target
           | for autonomous retrofitting, because the drivetrain is
           | already completely fly-by-wire?
           | 
           | Using a random estimate, a $100,000/vehicle autonomous
           | retrofit probably pays for itself in like a year. The initial
           | outlay of let's say a half billion to replace the city's
           | fleet with EVs is a much bigger hurdle.
        
       | mabbo wrote:
       | Why are they using garbage trucks to plow snow?
       | 
       | Looks, I get that I'm biased being in Canada, but do they
       | understand that you can buy _dedicated vehicles for plowing
       | snow_? They 're called... snowplows. They're pretty fantastic.
       | 
       | You need garbage trucks every day, all year. Electrify those. You
       | need snowplows on a handful of days per year- and that number is
       | falling thanks to climate change. So buy purpose-built snowplows
       | for those days that use fuels instead of batteries.
       | 
       | But it's silly to decide to have an all-fuel fleet of garbage
       | trucks just because they can't also be used as snowplows a few
       | days per year that you need them.
        
         | rsstack wrote:
         | NYC has 30,000 streets and only a handful of days of snow in
         | the year. By having garbage trucks that can deal with a few
         | inches of snow, you avoid the need of buying dozens of
         | dedicated vehicles that will rot 360 days a year.
        
           | lowbloodsugar wrote:
           | What you are describing is overspeccing (thus over paying
           | upfront and for maintenance) of the large fleet in order to
           | avoid having a small fleet.
           | 
           | Alternatively, the large fleet could be appropriately specced
           | and the small fleet can be "mothballed" the rest of the year,
           | thus preserving its longevity.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _large fleet I order to avoid having a small fleet_
             | 
             | The large fleet is "2,230 general collection trucks, 275
             | specialized collection trucks, 450 street sweepers, 365
             | snowplows, 298 front end loaders, and 2,360 support
             | vehicles" [1]. Those general collection trucks, together
             | with the plows, constitute a circa 2,300-plow snow fleet
             | [2].
             | 
             | Dedicated fleet means buying 2,000 more snowplows. There is
             | no small fleet option.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Departmen
             | t_of_...
             | 
             | [2] https://nypost.com/2020/12/05/nyc-spent-12m-per-inch-
             | of-snow...
        
           | mabbo wrote:
           | You're not wrong. I agree with you. I just see that as a
           | better option than continuing to burn fuel in trucks that
           | don't need it 360 days per year.
        
             | gen220 wrote:
             | Might the better option be a hybrid truck, which runs on
             | electricity 90% of the time but has the capacity to use
             | fossil fuels in situations such as these? (snow is but one
             | example, I can imagine other exceptional circumstances
             | where such a vehicle might need an extra boost).
             | 
             | To balance your suggestion, the environmental cost of
             | constructing, shipping, and maintaining a fleet of single-
             | purpose snow plows is not close to zero.
        
               | culi wrote:
               | Along the same line, can we modularize these trucks? Like
               | the specific parts useful for snowplowing, can we take
               | them off the rest of the year (less gas wasted) and add
               | them back on only when needed
        
             | kspacewalk2 wrote:
             | Better for whom or what? Surely not for the New York City
             | budget, or the folks who pay for it.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Better for those folks and the budget, both of which will
               | feel the full impact of climate change.
               | 
               | (But I don't think a separate fleet is the answer.)
        
               | wernercd wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | KMag wrote:
               | > Might as well believe in Halley's Comet and enjoy a
               | cool glass of koolaid.
               | 
               | Have I just run into an Internet conspiracy theory where
               | Halley's Comet is "what the man wants you to believe,
               | wake up sheeple?"
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Maybe they were joking:
               | 
               | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11286314/
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | It's better for the environment to build and maintain a
               | separate fleet of occasionally-used snow plows?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Did you read the second sentence? I mean, I know people
               | don't read entire articles, but two sentences?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Did you read the second sentence?_
               | 
               | You said a separate fleet is better "for the folks and
               | the budget" of New York, and added a parenthetical
               | clarifying that it isn't the answer. I'm agreeing with
               | the second sentence, that a separate fleet isn't the
               | answer. I'm also refuting the first point, that it's
               | better than the _status quo_.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Not a separate fleet, just electrifying the trucks
               | somehow would be beneficial (depending on how that's
               | done, of course - not with coal-fired charging stations
               | on every block).
               | 
               | I'm just trying to include the factor of climate change,
               | which does and will cost a ton.
        
             | zmgsabst wrote:
             | Is that just how you feel?
             | 
             | Or can you show the conversion saves resources even when
             | you have to buy and maintain dozens of extra vehicles?
             | 
             | This seems to me like you're making a negative decision
             | just because you find it emotionally satisfying, without
             | any reasonable basis to believe that it improves things.
        
           | alcover wrote:
           | > only a handful of days of snow in the year
           | 
           | I know modern economy has gone full-JIT but I naively wish we
           | could just _stop_ in this case and.. wait.
           | 
           | Then this question of truck fleet would be moot.
        
             | mananaysiempre wrote:
             | You really don't want that. I mean, if you're sure things
             | are going to stay below -10degC for the forseeable future,
             | by all means leave the snow on the roads, and I wish more
             | places in Northern Europe would do that. (Winter days
             | become much more tolerable when what little light you have
             | is reflected back by snow.)
             | 
             | But if they are not and especially if they are going back
             | and forth, then you're getting slush, half-frozen slush,
             | frozen slush packed into ice, or half-frozen slush on top
             | of frozen slush packed into ice, and not only do you not
             | want to drive on that, it's also a pain to remove even from
             | pedestrian paths, because you need power tools to break it
             | up and then you have a crapton of inch-thick sheets of ice
             | you have to transport and dump to melt somewhere. They take
             | a couple of weeks to melt naturally on the road, or a
             | couple of months under the spring sun if you pile them up
             | on the side of the road (which also happens to look
             | hideous).
        
             | tinglymintyfrsh wrote:
             | With that luxury, sure. Emergencies happen. The garbage
             | needs to be picked up.
             | 
             | Total the costs of icy sidewalk slip and falls, lost
             | economic activity, and excess deaths (QALY) over 10 years.
             | Spend 1/4 of that on a series of underground passageways
             | (un)like MIT.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | _...the costs of icy sidewalk slip and falls..._
               | 
               | No garbage-truck/plow is going to fix that, whether it be
               | powered by EV, ICE, or unicorn farts.
        
             | porb121 wrote:
             | You're talking about a city of 10+ million people.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _naively wish we could just stop in this case and.. wait_
             | 
             | Congratulations, you shut off logistics and emergency
             | services for a population the size of Virginia.
        
               | smileysteve wrote:
               | There's a lot to be said that we should rethink logistics
               | and emergency services to use other modes if it's more
               | resilient to severe weather, supply chain shortages
               | (fuel) - or everyday things like traffic and construction
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
             | Bostonian wrote:
             | Millions of NYC residents have jobs and schools to go to
             | and grocery shopping to be done. Locking them down for even
             | a few days has huge costs.
        
             | rsstack wrote:
             | First: I don't go out in snow beyond a couple of blocks,
             | things can wait. But that's me.
             | 
             | Second: Just because the snow stops falling doesn't mean
             | the problem goes away. The snow can take a couple of weeks
             | to melt (essentially until the next rain, or a hot enough
             | day), so stopping and waiting for nature to resolve the
             | situation on its own would shut down the city for a month
             | or so every year.
        
               | thomascgalvin wrote:
               | I wonder how much it would cost to heat the roads rather
               | than plow them, and how that would compare to the current
               | solution, long-term. NYC already has an extensive
               | underground infrastructure ...
        
               | rsstack wrote:
               | It is essentially impossible to add anything underground
               | in NYC _because_ of the extensive underground
               | infrastructure. It is all but saturated.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | And during that time, it can turn to ice.
        
           | culi wrote:
           | I was gonna suggest that they could simply share the snow
           | plow vehicles for the rest of the year with other countries
           | (like how we share firefighters with Australia) but then I
           | realized the part of the world that would most likely need
           | them when NYC doesn't is the opposite hemisphere and those
           | vehicles are not easy to ship lol
        
             | rsstack wrote:
             | I don't think it snows enough in big Australian cities :D
             | And there aren't (yet) electric super-jumbo cargo planes to
             | ship these mechanical monstrosities.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | topspin wrote:
         | > Why are they using garbage trucks to plow snow?
         | 
         | Fewer vehicles to acquire, maintain, store, etc. That seems
         | self evident.
         | 
         | Further, the scheme works fine. The issue isn't whether plowing
         | snow and collecting garbage with the same vehicle is a workable
         | idea. The issue is that there isn't an electric replacement
         | available yet.
        
         | brookside wrote:
         | > Why are they using garbage trucks to plow snow?
         | 
         | You are sort of answering your own question here.
         | 
         | > snowplows a few days per year that you need them
         | 
         | NYC has 6,300 miles miles of streets. Maintaining an entirely
         | separate fleet of plow vehicles large enough to clear the
         | streets quickly would have its own additional costs.
        
           | yepguy wrote:
           | Why do they even have their own fleet of garbage trucks,
           | though? I'm pretty sure the garbage trucks where I live are
           | all privately owned.
        
             | Reubachi wrote:
             | Because NYC is entirely different than where you live, most
             | likely. City gov subsidizes trash pick up instead of
             | allowing private companies to bid, because any private
             | company would lose money. And if no city subsidized trash
             | pick up, New York will be New Delhi.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | I don't understand how NYC couldn't make money for a
               | private trash company. The trash company I use makes
               | money, and our population density isn't anywhere near
               | what it is in NYC. I have to imagine the largest cost is
               | fuel, and it stands to reason that it takes much more
               | fuel to get all of the trash where I live.
               | 
               | I don't understand what you're saying, I guess. I don't
               | understand how a city being large can just automatically
               | lead to a loss for trash companies.
        
               | mechanical_bear wrote:
               | There are complicating factors in NYC, as well as the
               | fact that the average resident doesn't pay what it
               | actually costs for trash pickup, so moving to a private
               | model would cost significantly more for each household.
               | (Obviously TINSTAAFL, and this cost is just hidden in
               | other ways. Eg taxes)
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | NYC already has private trash pickup and it's a bit of a
               | S#1Tshow -
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/15/nyregion/nyc-
               | garbage.html
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Why do they even have their own fleet of garbage trucks,
             | though?_
             | 
             | We have both: "New York City Department of Sanitation
             | (DSNY)...serves residential buildings, government agencies,
             | and many nonprofit facilities. The private system is
             | regulated by the City's Business Integrity Commission (BIC)
             | and consists of more than 250 waste hauling firms licensed
             | to remove non-construction and non-industrial waste. The
             | private haulers serve businesses ranging from small pizza
             | parlors to large office buildings" [1]. The public system
             | guarantees minimum service to the population.
             | 
             | [1] https://cbcny.org/research/12-things-new-yorkers-
             | should-know...
        
             | TSiege wrote:
             | First of all we have both. Second of all we are a
             | democracy, and I have never once in my entire life living
             | here heard for anyone call for privatizing the Department
             | of Sanitation. If anything I've heard for calls to take
             | over private sanitation because it way more dangerous to
             | pedestrians and workers
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Waste hauling in NYC used to be run by the mob. It still
             | may be to some extent, but that history has yet to be
             | un-f*cked.
             | 
             | They don't even use dumpsters, they just pile bags of trash
             | on the sidewalk. And then wonder why they have a huge rat
             | problem.
        
               | josephorjoe wrote:
               | Most of NYC does not have the physical space for
               | dumpsters or the roadway access for dumpster lifting
               | garbage trucks.
               | 
               | There are some large buildings where it would be
               | practical, but much of the residential housing consists
               | of buildings with <10 apartments and no alleyways (let
               | alone driveways).
        
               | Ichthypresbyter wrote:
               | The mob ran waste hauling for businesses who did (and
               | still do) have to contract with private companies to take
               | away their waste- the big trial that is supposed to have
               | got rid of most of the mob control of this business was
               | in the mid-90s.
               | 
               | Residential trash in NYC is hauled away by city employees
               | at the Department of Sanitation, and has been since the
               | late 19th century.
               | 
               | Both, though, expect trash (whether from a business or
               | from an apartment building) to be simply piled up in bags
               | on the sidewalk.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | Why default to privately owned?
             | 
             | Public services can be cheaper, more reliable, and you have
             | more control than if you pay someone else to maximize their
             | profit. NYC government has tons of experience and expertise
             | in managing something like this.
        
               | factsarelolz wrote:
               | NYC also has a ton of fraud perpetrated by gov employees.
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/seventeen-new-york-
               | city...
               | 
               | https://www.reuters.com/legal/bribery-fraud-charges-are-
               | dism...
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | NYC government is huge; is that really a "ton"? Private
               | business also has fraud.
        
               | factsarelolz wrote:
               | Government Officials defrauding their constituents is
               | another level higher than private business fraud. Just my
               | opinion though YOMV.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | >Public services can be cheaper
               | 
               | No they can be subsidized with tax money. That doesn't
               | mean cheaper
        
               | yodelshady wrote:
               | No, they can be cheaper.
               | 
               | Sod off with this, I've seen someone _literally
               | hospitalised_ because of an army of private sector
               | contractors we 've had to deal with finding _ingenious_
               | efficiency savings, powered by ideologues like you. Now
               | our costs have tripled.
               | 
               | Oh, and guess f*king what; now several other suppliers
               | are bankrupt, taking their already mostly-worthless
               | support contracts with them, because they never invested
               | _a cent_ in resilience, and, get this, are _blaming us
               | for giving them that power_. The same power they were _so
               | adamant_ , just like you, that they were so good at
               | wielding. Their only efficiency _ever_ was stripping all
               | resilience, not inefficency - deliberate resilience.
               | 
               | The private sector is made of goddamn _children_ at
               | times,
        
               | idiotsecant wrote:
               | Just like private services need to generate shareholder
               | profits. that doesn't mean cheaper either.
               | 
               | Would I rather pay garbage through taxes and fees or
               | would I rather pay garbage and private profits through
               | fees? In general, public services treat employees better,
               | are more accountable to elected officials (good and bad)
               | and aren't obligated to skim an extra little bit off the
               | top to pay someone else. There are countless examples of
               | privatization making services _less_ efficient in the
               | long run, it 's not an automatic win.
        
               | ectopod wrote:
               | Public services can be as efficient as private services.
               | And without the overhead of dividends they are cheaper.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | I wouldn't take the extreme position either way. Public
               | and private are different tools for different jobs.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | You pay for something; that's not a subsidy.
        
         | iancmceachern wrote:
         | Because it's brilliant.
         | 
         | They need to do both:
         | 
         | Drive a big truck around the city streets pushing a plow to
         | clear them of snow and ice
         | 
         | And
         | 
         | Drive a big truck around to collect garbage
         | 
         | It's much more efficient to do both at the same time, use the
         | same trucks and skilled labor to run them.
         | 
         | It's a classic two birds one stone situation
        
           | simmonmt wrote:
           | Nit: They don't do both at the same time. The trucks are
           | either plowing snow or they're picking up trash. That's why
           | the trash piles up until the snow is cleared. After big
           | storms you can end up with pretty epic piles of garbage
           | collecting on sidewalks.
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Actually hold on, we can also put people on these trucks.
           | They can also serve as busses! And wait, attach a trailer and
           | they can also replace semi trucks! Just use one truck to do
           | all city related things, how neat is that? /s
           | 
           | You can just go on, making it less and less efficient each
           | step.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | Thankfully the physical requirements to turn a garbage
             | trunk into a snow plow are minimal. And it's more
             | inefficient to have an idle fleet for huge parts of the
             | year than to use slightly awkward plows.
        
         | evo_9 wrote:
         | Agree, but I would argue that 'climate change' is not making it
         | fall necessary across the board for all use cases; what I
         | notice here in Colorado is that we might get fewer snow days,
         | but when we do get snow now, wow, it's crazy how much dumps.
         | 
         | Another way of looking at this is, I used to get by with a
         | ~$250 dollar electric snowblower; that thing died just last
         | week when I asked too much of it trying to rid 10+ inches of
         | very heavy, wet snow off our long driveway.
         | 
         | I'll be replacing it with nice Toro gas powered snow blower
         | (~$1000-1500) because I expect the same / worse going forward.
         | Fewer snow days, but when it does snow, it's a lot more than we
         | used to get.
        
         | kkfx wrote:
         | > Why are they using garbage trucks to plow snow?
         | 
         | Perhaps because it's easy to add a connector plate and a bit of
         | hydraulic in front of a truck and they already have them for
         | garbage, they regularly run the on roads and their driver
         | knowing where garbage containers are avoid some classic (at
         | least here in UE) where the snowplowers push/launch snow
         | everywhere not caring about anything else then keep the road
         | clear... In a city handling snow it's even harder than in the
         | countryside...
         | 
         | > But it's silly to decide to have an all-fuel fleet of garbage
         | trucks just because they can't also be used as snowplows a few
         | days per year that you need them.
         | 
         | Keeping up two fleet is not that cheap either: trucks/wheeled
         | vehicles need to run regularly to keep their wheel well round
         | and balanced, ICEs need to run regularly to keep the engine
         | well lubed, starter and service batteries need to be kept
         | charged, vehicles need to be parked somewhere (two fleets,
         | twice the place), for ICEs you need to keep the fuel infra
         | ready, and the amount of fuel it's not so little and so on.
         | 
         | IMVHO as an EV owner I doubt ALL trucks can be electric so far,
         | simply range, charge time, battery weight are still below a
         | practical usability levels...
        
         | petermcneeley wrote:
         | Why have garbage trucks at all when you can have a series of
         | tubes to transport garbage?
        
           | oehtXRwMkIs wrote:
           | NYC technically already has this in Roosevelt Island.
        
             | enhdless wrote:
             | More details: https://youtu.be/nfM4cjDoo6o
        
             | rsstack wrote:
             | Just context for international readers: Roosevelt Island
             | has 11,000 residents, or 0.1% of NYC's population. The
             | point stands, just providing context.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | What is a garbage truck fleet if not a series of tubes?
        
           | stickfigure wrote:
           | We already have the internet.
        
           | roflyear wrote:
           | Yeah NYC really needs to get rid of the garbage trucks. Or
           | figure out something. Garbage is becoming a problem for the
           | city.
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Well for one the tubes are not something you just dump
           | something on, and if you don't understand, those tubes can be
           | filled and if they are filled, when you put your garbage in,
           | it gets in line and it's going to be delayed by anyone that
           | puts into that tube enormous amounts of material, enormous
           | amounts of material.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | They should buy and maintain a separate fleet of trucks for
         | those few days per year? This is NYC; that's going to be a lot
         | of trucks. Even parking them - for 3xx days per year - would be
         | a problem.
         | 
         | They already have a fleet; it seems like a creative, effective
         | solution - the kind of creativity that cynics say government
         | lacks - to repurpose them for snow removal.
        
         | jvm___ wrote:
         | "that number is falling thanks to climate change"
         | 
         | The weirdness of climate change is that warm air holds more
         | water. So you'll get stronger storms, but some areas will see
         | drought as the atmosphere holds more water and is less likely
         | to give it up as rain/snow.
         | 
         | So, less days on average, but more "once in an X" storms.
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | _We found that they could not plow the snow effectively - they
         | basically conked out after four hours. We need them to go 12
         | hours._
         | 
         | Are there any non-garbage truck BEVs with snowplows that can do
         | that?
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | We have plow trucks but we don't have a lot of room to store a
         | huge dedicated fleet.
         | 
         | Also, this being hacker news I'd expect praise for efficient
         | use of available equipment.
        
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