[HN Gopher] Mickey's Copyright Adventure: Early Disney Toon Is S...
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       Mickey's Copyright Adventure: Early Disney Toon Is Set to Be Public
       Property
        
       Author : swinnipeg
       Score  : 73 points
       Date   : 2022-12-27 16:56 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | Apocryphon wrote:
       | If Mickey is public domain soon, does that mean Oswald the Rabbit
       | is already out and due for an epic reboot?!?
        
       | gcanyon wrote:
       | It's pedantic to say it, but copyright is not directly intended
       | to help creators; its purpose is to enrich the public by
       | inspiring creators to produce more. Helping creators
       | profit/benefit from their work is a means to an end.
       | 
       | Creative work benefits the public in at least two ways:
       | primarily, by being itself. People like reading the original
       | Harry Potter books. Copyright encourages that by allowing
       | creators to sell their work: Rowling is rich.
       | 
       | Secondarily, by inspiring other works. Fifty Shades of Grey
       | started out as Twilight fan fiction. Art inspires more art.
       | Copyright hinders this process.
       | 
       | Based on the above, copyright should now be much shorter: on the
       | order of a few years.
       | 
       | In the past it took time to extract value from a work. Successful
       | books had dozens of printings. Shipping books around the world
       | was slow. Discovery of material to adapt into film took time.
       | Note, this wasn't universally true: the Gone With the Wind film
       | adaptation happened only three years after the book was
       | published.
       | 
       | But take for example the Lord of the Rings books. They were
       | published in the UK in 1954 and 1955, but some sort of copyright
       | issue/loophole caused them to be widely available in the U.S. in
       | the 1960s, before authorized editions came out. When they did
       | become available, authorized editions then had a note that
       | included a phrase something along the lines of, "Those having a
       | courtesy for living authors (at least), will purchase this
       | edition (of the book) and no other."
       | 
       | In any case, now with the internet and digital media, the
       | majority of the value for most publications should be available
       | within just a few years of release. As such, the balance between
       | the time allotted for initial value production and the value as
       | material to inspire other works should shift forward
       | substantially.
       | 
       | If I were setting copyright law, I'd probably make it something
       | like 5 years automatically, with extensions available yearly
       | after that by filing inexpensive paperwork, up to a maximum of
       | 10(?) years.
        
         | alexb_ wrote:
         | I've heard the suggestion that copyright could be extended
         | after 5 years by paying a dollar to renew, after 6 years by
         | paying 2 dollars, 7 years by paying 4, 8 with 8, etc.
         | 
         | If your copyright is so immensly valuable that it's worth
         | paying to renew it, that's fine. The longer you keep something
         | in copyright, the larger your harm to society becomes due to
         | preventing legal fan works and derivatives from being made. The
         | fee to renew would reflect that.
        
           | II2II wrote:
           | Other benefits of this approach: registration would make it
           | much easier to identify works out of copyright and it would
           | be much easier for the public to reclaim abandoned works.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | seems like a good idea - what's the downside?
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | One downside of any sort of copyright registration
             | requirement (probably especially one requiring ongoing
             | renewals) is that it benefits corporations at the expense
             | of individual creatives. Disney's lawyers are not going to
             | forget to renew and the revenues involved mean that any
             | registration is likely trivial. Not so for an individual
             | author or photographer.
             | 
             | In fact, groups representing authors and photographers have
             | opposed orphan works legislation in the past.
             | 
             | The US used to require affirmative action to gain copyright
             | protection but this was phased out to be consistent with
             | most other countries.
        
               | alexb_ wrote:
               | > the revenues involved mean that any registration is
               | likely trivial.
               | 
               | Over time, this would exponentially not be the case
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Even if it's ultimately untenable for even corporations
               | to pay you've made it impractical for most individuals
               | far faster.
               | 
               | Copyright applies from the moment of creation for all
               | creative works in the US today. But registering, which as
               | I understand makes it easier to collect damages, costs
               | money (call it $100, the details are somewhat
               | complicated). I probably wouldn't go through that for
               | most things even today.
        
             | coredog64 wrote:
             | Not OP, but I would imagine that the USG isn't in a
             | position to efficiently and effectively accept lots of
             | small payments. Working from that premise, you'd probably
             | optimize for taking advance payment for 8 years with some
             | way to retroactively pay if your work is suddenly worth
             | more than $20.
        
             | wolpoli wrote:
             | What constitutes 'work'. On one extreme, a studio spending
             | millions making a movie is a single piece of work. On the
             | other extreme, a photographer might take 100 photos in a
             | day that it will want to offer for sales. The number won't
             | work for the photographer.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | nextlevelwizard wrote:
         | I wouldn't want just anyone to be able to use my characters and
         | setting for their grummy cashgrabs.
         | 
         | I think reasonable copyright would be 10 years or lifetime of
         | the author which ever occurs later. This way the author would
         | be in charge of their characters while alive and their kids
         | would still gain from works done in the later years
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | One can simultaneously think that copyright terms are too
           | long and that (almost certainly primarily) companies
           | shouldn't be able to parachute in after a few years have
           | passed and hoover up creative works and exploit them for
           | free.
        
           | Frondo wrote:
           | Why (and I realize this is one of those questions that sounds
           | snide, but I do not mean it so) should a creator's kids gain
           | from a piece of art or work of music after a creator's death?
           | 
           | Editing to clarify: I fully accept that copyright is a good
           | thing to give incentives to people to make art and music and
           | creative works, I just don't understand why that incentive
           | should be transmissible to their kids, i.e. people who were
           | presumably not involved in making it in the first place.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | People pass lots of other things onto kids. Leaving aside
             | debates about estate taxes etc., it's unclear that
             | royalties from creative works should be uniquely
             | disadvantaged.
        
           | mometsi wrote:
           | In this alternate future, HBO Time Warner maintains a force
           | of elite counterassassins to protect their interest in George
           | RR Martin's IP, the 10 year mark having long passed.
        
           | Siira wrote:
           | If you don't want other humans to remix information you have
           | broadcasted, then don't broadcast in the first place. It's
           | not like you haven't been using other people's ideas in your
           | "original" work.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | So you are presumably OK with Disney, Sony, etc. grabbing a
             | recent book and making a movie out of it without giving the
             | original author a cent or any credit?
        
         | II2II wrote:
         | The issue, as it is presented in the article, is with how
         | copyright law intermingles with trademark law. They noted that
         | people will be able to distribute the original short. They also
         | noted that any unique works that incorporate the iconic mouse
         | (even in its original form) may run into litigation. Given
         | Disney's financial interest in The Mouse, I suspect they were
         | understating it.
         | 
         | It is easy to oversimplify what is going on here if it is only
         | viewed through the lens of copyright. While it would be easy to
         | dismiss trademarking a character in most fictional works as
         | doing an end-run around copyright law, The Mouse appears to
         | have been a fairly consistent and identifiable part of Disney's
         | image for decades. In the casual meaning of the word, it has
         | been a trademark of the company. There is also a question of
         | how the evolution of the character plays a role. As far as I
         | can tell, Steamboat Willy is dead an Mickey took his place.
         | Disney's trademarking of Steamboat Willy can be construed as an
         | attempt to do an end-run around copyright law, but the visually
         | similar Mickey has had a more enduring (and endearing) history.
         | 
         | Or perhaps certain types of trademarks, in the legal sense,
         | should have a limited duration as well. I don't know of many
         | companies that have maintained an immutable corporate image
         | across decades simply because it does not make sense. Culture
         | changes, and companies should be adapting with the times.
        
           | antiterra wrote:
           | > As far as I can tell, Steamboat Willy is dead a Mickey took
           | his place.
           | 
           | The character in Steamboat Willie is Mickey Mouse. There's no
           | one named Steamboat Willie in the animation. That said there
           | have been several visual evolutions of the character given
           | the same name, and Disney may claim newer versions are still
           | copyrighted.
        
           | redwall_hp wrote:
           | Trademarks should be limited to providing identification for
           | a business, not something that applies to products or
           | cultural elements.
           | 
           | You shouldn't be able to hold a trademark on "Star Wars" or
           | "iPhone," but should be able to for LucasFilm or Apple. All
           | product names should be effectively generic.
           | 
           | Copyright and patents should just be straight up abolished,
           | or at least severely scaled back and limited to 1-3 years.
        
             | bushbaba wrote:
             | So in your world when I go to the mall. I buy an iPhone
             | from a cellphone store. Id have no confidence on it being
             | the Apple iPhone.
        
             | gradys wrote:
             | Why would that be good?
        
           | mjevans wrote:
           | Trademarks are about consumer protection (first-most) and
           | possibly also 'brand dilution'.
        
       | swinnipeg wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/vAnFb
        
       | kthejoker2 wrote:
       | Lol at the "time is money" screenshot from _Mickey 's Christmas
       | Carol_, kudos to the graphics folks who found that gem for this
       | article
        
       | retrac wrote:
       | Copyright in Canada for films is 75 years. So, Disney works
       | before 1948 are public domain here. I can't seem to actually find
       | any of them, though. I am not a lawyer, but I'm pretty sure I'd
       | be within my legal rights to take e.g. an original print of Bambi
       | as released in 1942, scan it, and make it available online for
       | Canadians. I'm also pretty sure I'd get sued anyway.
       | 
       | Getting a copy of the original is also something of a challenge
       | for this practically. (VHS and DVD releases are probably subject
       | to a new copyright, remastering is often copyrightable.) If all
       | extant accessible versions of a work are under copyright, then
       | the work being in the public domain is only theoretical.
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | AFAIK you don't need an original print. All versions that
         | aren't materially different lack copyright and are free to
         | distribute.
        
           | Sunspark wrote:
           | I would say caution is advised. I have seen it argued that
           | one trick to prevent expiry is to re-record the audio with a
           | new orchestra thus causing it to become a new production.
        
             | kingbirdy wrote:
             | A new score would certainly qualify as "materially
             | different", to GPs point
        
               | Sunspark wrote:
               | Yes and no. You can still record the original music
               | again, but with a brand new orchestra. Is it materially
               | different then? From a legal standpoint? From an
               | individual standpoint?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | The answer is yes. There is copyright for the score and
               | copyright for the performance. New performance, new
               | copyright.
        
       | hackernewds wrote:
       | The cautionary article by the New York times, clearly entangled
       | as a media company with Disney as well, seems to be doing Disney
       | a favor. As it will most likely appear as a top result for when
       | the inevitable creative artists try to capitalize on this
       | expiration of their copyright.
        
       | somat wrote:
       | Note that "Mickey: the character" does not suddenly become public
       | domain, Mickey is a trademark of the Disney corporation, and
       | trademarks do not expire. However some specific "Mickey: the
       | film" will go into public domain.
       | 
       | I am not a lawyer, but I suspect this means that is will be fine
       | to redistribute specific early mickey films, however any remixes,
       | or reuse of the content, you may find yourself violating Disney's
       | mouse trademark. You would have to successfully argue that your
       | use of Mickey came form a public domain source and does not exist
       | in the same market as Disney's trademark... Good luck on that,
       | you'll need it.
        
         | slim wrote:
         | Steam boat willie : the character _will_ become public domain.
         | You are free to create new stories with steam boat willie as a
         | character.
        
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       (page generated 2022-12-27 23:01 UTC)