[HN Gopher] Thousands trapped on Pine Ridge burn clothes for war...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Thousands trapped on Pine Ridge burn clothes for warmth in wake of
       storm
        
       Author : mooreds
       Score  : 201 points
       Date   : 2022-12-26 14:45 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.argusleader.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.argusleader.com)
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | It took me a while to figure out where Pine Ridge is. The local
       | newspapers should mention that given they are all online.
        
         | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
         | Local newspapers are written for a local audience
        
       | kwhitefoot wrote:
       | The real story here seems to me to be not that people burned
       | their clothes to stay warm but that people in a place with
       | fragile connections to the outside world had so little in the way
       | of supplies to weather a relatively short period without food
       | deliveries. I'm not blaming them, I assume that many of the
       | affected people don't have the resources to keep a buffer stock.
        
         | sillystuff wrote:
         | They cannot afford to stockpile fuel.
         | 
         | I listen to a podcast by a man who grew up on that reservation.
         | While he was back visiting his grandmother, a propane truck was
         | filling her tank. He told the driver, "Whoa! Stop! We can't
         | afford that much!" The driver told him, "Don't worry, it's
         | free. Venezuela is paying to fill everyone's tank."
         | 
         | Those propane tanks are mostly empty unless Venezuela is paying
         | (before Venezuelan oil revenues dropped, Venezuela provided
         | free propane and heating oil to the desperately poor throughout
         | the US [and many other countries]-- in solidarity. The illegal
         | sanctions by the US and the US's illegal seizure of Venezuela's
         | foreign assets, that have crippled the Venezuelan economy mean
         | it is highly unlikely this Venezuelan program will return.)
         | 
         | Edit: Corrected initial cause of the termination of Venezuela's
         | heating fuel program-- per child comment by vorpalhex.
        
           | gabythenerd wrote:
           | Regarding the Venezuelan comment: In 2009 the country was
           | also entering economic turmoil, and it never recovered.
           | 
           | I couldn't find anything in English, but this wikipedia page
           | also mentions that propane gas has been in shortage since
           | 2014 domestically for Venezuelans (years before the first
           | sanctions were established): https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/
           | Escasez_de_combustible_en_Ve....
           | 
           | PDVSA (government company responsible for gas and fuel
           | extraction and processing) has been mismanaged for more than
           | 20 years, the "free" propane was never going to last, and it
           | was extensively used to gain political allies while it was
           | given away.
           | 
           | For those interested, there was a national strike in PDVSA
           | against Hugo Chavez in 2003 that IMHO started the company
           | demise, they fired pretty much anyone who knew how to run it:
           | https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paro_general_en_Venezuela_de.
           | ..
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | It looks like that program was halted in 2009 due to oil
           | prices increasing dramatically, not due to sanctions.
        
             | uoaei wrote:
             | You think there is no causal link between the two
             | happenings?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | scruple wrote:
           | What's the name of the podcast? Sounds interesting.
        
             | sillystuff wrote:
             | "The Red Nation Podcast" by The Red Nation
             | 
             | https://therednation.org/
             | 
             | Many of their older episodes are very good, so IMO worth
             | listening to back episodes.
             | 
             | Recently (last couple years?) they merged the, "Red Power
             | Hour" segments into the main podcast feed (it was a
             | separate podcast). I skimmed several of these, but now just
             | skip them-- they were things like (Hollywood) movie reviews
             | and folks in conversation where I didn't feel I learned
             | anything. So, don't discount the whole podcast if the first
             | episode you listen to is one of these. The episodes hosted
             | by Nick Estes are the ones I found the most informative
             | (most of the early episodes fall into this category).
        
               | scruple wrote:
               | Thanks! I've been looking for a new podcast that I might
               | learn something interesting from... And that's completely
               | outside of my regular wheelhouse. Appreciate the reply!
        
         | lazyasciiart wrote:
         | > the drifts of snow have rendered their wood stockpile
         | inaccessible
         | 
         | It mentions a family running out of baby formula. Baby formula
         | is in short supply around the country and also very expensive -
         | many stores won't allow you to buy more than one or two cans at
         | once and if you're buying it with WIC funds then you can't
         | afford more than a month at a time anyway.
        
         | ethanbond wrote:
         | The _real story_ of every tragedy that hits a reservation is
         | that they all sit downstream of a horrific, orchestrated
         | genocide campaign intended to destroy these people's history,
         | culture, and knowledge of self-sufficiency.
         | 
         | Put 'em on the shittiest plots of land you can find, steal
         | their children, ban them from speaking their languages and from
         | passing their knowledge between generations, then we can sit
         | and gawk at their 100% intentional and designed cultural death
         | spiral.
         | 
         | Not to say that indigenous life was some suffering-free utopia,
         | but it's worth remembering their plight is not some emergent
         | accident.
        
           | eternalban wrote:
           | I honestly wonder if the native Americans were (destined to
           | be) screwed even before Europeans set foot in Americas. They
           | were behind a formidable technology curve and I truly wonder
           | would they have fared better if Japanese or Russian (or
           | possibly even Chinese) colonists (the closest geographic
           | candidate colonists) showed up.
           | 
           | Consider it as a thought experiment - something that's been
           | popping in my head lately:
           | 
           | under what sort of ideal conditions would have the native
           | civilizations and peoples of Americas been left unmolested by
           | _anyone_? An entire continent left in isolation while the
           | more technologically advanced societies reached the way
           | station of  'universal human rights'?
           | 
           | [typically don't mention downvotes but a difficult question
           | does not merit it. If you so strongly disagree, discuss it.]
        
             | mynameishere wrote:
             | If migration from Europe (and I suppose Africa) hadn't been
             | unrelenting, then the natives would have gradually built up
             | a modern-ish, defendable civilization. Maybe. It would have
             | required some centralization of government as well, to
             | prevent the divide-and-conquer tactics used against them.
        
               | dinkumthinkum wrote:
               | Is that serious? Behind the technology curve is a massive
               | understatement. They were thousands of years behind in
               | nearly every area of development.
        
               | j-krieger wrote:
               | I wonder if the massive riches of nature they had for a
               | low amount of people played a role in this
        
               | eternalban wrote:
               | Right, the question is precisely this: who would leave
               | the juicy morsel of Americas on the table in the
               | 15th-20th century historic range. The means and processes
               | may possibly vary.
               | 
               | Just to be clear, even today in 21st you will note there
               | are many global actors that deny the very notion of a
               | "universal human rights". I'm not European myself and
               | definitely not defending what happened. But it seems to
               | me that what happened is an (inevitable) accident of
               | history: two worlds that evolved in effective isolation
               | for thousands of years. And I wonder: which of the
               | relatively advanced societies would have left them in
               | peace so they could catch up and integrate as you
               | propose?
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | What happened to natives in America was anything but an
               | accident https://youtu.be/A5P6vJs1jmY
        
               | dinkumthinkum wrote:
               | I think you are not aware of the way the word "accident"
               | is used here, or you are using its misinterpretation as a
               | jumping off point.
        
             | neither_color wrote:
             | The Russians did explore Alaska and interact with natives,
             | but all they did was set up some missionary and trade
             | posts. China explored Africa and then became isolationist.
             | Japan was always isolationist until forced to open up by
             | the US.
        
               | eternalban wrote:
               | Russians had to pass through the Caucausus and Steppes
               | before they reached Alaska.
               | 
               | https://www.international.ucla.edu/apc/centralasia/articl
               | e/1...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuban_Nogai_Uprising
               | 
               | https://fountainmagazine.com/1993/issue-2-april-
               | june-1993/th...
               | 
               | (The Chinese are in the clear imo, so I parenthesized
               | them.)
        
               | wpietri wrote:
               | And not just Alaska, but California as well: https://en.w
               | ikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_colonization_of_North_...
        
           | landemva wrote:
           | "their languages" were recognized as unique and useful in
           | 1950s.
           | https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/american-
           | indi...
        
           | joemazerino wrote:
           | A nice cop out. Are you saying those on the reserves are
           | generationally crippled beyond reproach? Are all cultures
           | stuck in wintery conditions facing the same issues and if
           | not, why?
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | Even though it's not technically wrong, but I also don't
             | see how viewing a people (or worse, viewing yourself) as a
             | perpetual victim is in any way useful. There's no rewriting
             | the past. Saying "I'll never amount to anything because of
             | what happened 50, 100, 200 years ago" denies your agency,
             | and thus a fundamental aspect of your humanity.
             | 
             | Some people seem to think that the bigotry of low
             | expectations is "social justice".
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | No, my argument is that this is ongoing.
               | 
               | The moment something of value is found on native land,
               | _even today_ , it's taken from them.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | Pine Ridge has unemployment of 80-90%, median income of
               | $4000/year, and life expectancy of ~50 years. Many people
               | live without electricity or running water.
               | 
               | I don't know that people who live there say "I'll never
               | amount to anything", I don't think any of us
               | participating in this conversation live there; probably
               | none of us are natives. So we're not talking about what
               | they say about themselves, we're talking about what we
               | say about them.
               | 
               | If not the legacy of expropriation, displacement, and
               | cultural destruction... the usual explanation is that
               | there is just something wrong with these people as
               | people, something diseased, pathological with their
               | culture. I don't see how that is in any way useful, or
               | somehow more respectful of "agency".
               | 
               | Up until the 70s, children ( _children_!) were still
               | being forcibly sent to prison-like (for real, prison-
               | like) boarding schools.
               | 
               | https://archleague.org/article/cheyenne-river-
               | reservation-bo...
               | 
               | I don't think there is anything wrong with Oglala culture
               | -- I think they have the cultural and personal resources
               | they need to thrive if conditions are changed to make up
               | for _generations_ of intentional targetted destruction of
               | their _material resources_ and _cultural life_ and
               | _social networks_.  "Social justice" would be restoration
               | of sovreignty, reparations (a massive "marshall plan"
               | level of physical and human infrastructure investment),
               | an apology and general cultural recognition and education
               | throughout the USA of native history, legal enforcement
               | of treaty rights that have been ignored/thrown out, etc.
               | 
               | While it's a situation with great differences as well as
               | similarities, New Zealand's reparative policies toward
               | the Maori can provide some models.
               | https://www.justiceinfo.net/en/79224-new-zealand-leads-
               | way-r...
               | 
               | Blaming the Oglala Lakota people for the result of
               | generations of targeted destruction of their way of life
               | and ability to survive is not somehow more respectful of
               | their "agency" or dignity.
               | 
               | Like, what are we actually talking about here right now?
               | The lack of capacity of people on the Pine Ridge
               | reservation to handle a weather emergency? How is it more
               | respectful of agency or dignity to say we shouldn't talk
               | about how this is the result of generations of
               | colonialism, that intentionally removed the material and
               | cultural resources people would use to take care of
               | themselves? Is it more respectful of agency or dignity to
               | suggest that they are the poorest community in the USA
               | because of their own cultural failings? I agree that
               | liberals as well as right-wingers can pathologize native
               | culture, suggest that their culture is broken and needs
               | to be "fixed", that the problem is internal -- I think
               | suggesting that there is something wrong with native
               | culture is what is disrespectful of their actual dignity,
               | agency, and continued ability to survive under conditions
               | designed for the opposite. They are very strong people,
               | the evidence is that they are still there, and I hope
               | they think of themselves thusly.
        
               | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
               | My girlfriend's mom went to a boarding school. The abuse
               | she experienced as a kid still affects her and her
               | family.
        
               | spanktheuser wrote:
               | The trapped individuals are living are living in a
               | location where these sorts of conditions are extreme.
               | Prior to climate change they may have been unthinkable.
               | 
               | People with limited resources don't devote them to
               | mitigating once in a lifetime risks. Their everyday life
               | is constrained: buy a more reliable car vs. save for a
               | child's education. Eat healthier food vs. visit the
               | doctor.
               | 
               | These Native Americans live in a vulnerable location that
               | provides little land-based wealth, isolates them from
               | population centers & thus opportunity, and exposes them
               | to environmental threat.
               | 
               | If you can't see how that impacts their opportunity to
               | "amount to anything," I suggest relocating. Become their
               | neighbors and report back in 10 years whether you think
               | this had any deleterious impact on what your career has
               | amounted to.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | The first paragraph is absolute nonsense. This storm is
               | an outlier, for sure, but winters have on average been
               | getting easier, not harder, in the upper Midwest.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | > Prior to climate change
               | 
               | Now climate change in winter makes wheel loaders not
               | function properly and people are too cold?
        
               | pigsty wrote:
               | Put someone in a village 100 miles from the nearest town,
               | deny them the basic infrastructure you provide for
               | everyone else, deny them proper education, skimp on
               | government job programs provided to other struggling
               | towns that would eventually lead to wealth flowing in and
               | free enterprise, and let this wealth divide grow for
               | decades and you'll see you've successfully made a hole to
               | trap people in.
               | 
               | It's not bigotry. Even if you want to ignore the
               | centuries of active destruction of their families, the
               | infrastructure gap is huge. Take a look at, say, the
               | difference between Japan and Vietnam. Both got absolutely
               | leveled by the US. One of them had infrastructure rebuilt
               | by the US and investment in local enterprise by the US
               | government. One is a rich country. One is a very poor
               | country that's only recently rising up... because other
               | people are coming in and helping build infrastructure and
               | providing jobs for a people who were crushed and isolated
               | from the world for decades.
               | 
               | There's a wealth and basic life standard gap that is
               | impossible to bootstrap. Any successful place built from
               | "nothing" got there through getting outside investment in
               | some form, or through centuries of time left to grow
               | through their own means. Plus their lands continue to be
               | exploited. When oil or water or something is used by an
               | outside company, instead of letting them have it and
               | enriching the people on the land, eminent domain is
               | exercised or companies buy it from the gov for pennies.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | The point isn't "are they poor?" or "why are they poor?"
               | but "how do you lift a community out of poverty?".
               | 
               | There are many poor communities across the country, in
               | all races and creeds. The past can't be rewritten-
               | focusing on "you are poor because X happened in the past"
               | is just telling someone there is no reason for hope.
               | 
               | The way out involves both external and internal forces;
               | external in the sense of support for development of
               | infrastructure and economic activity, internal in the
               | sense of a willingness and belief of capability of
               | change. Many tribes who have successful casinos don't see
               | significant improvements depending on their payout
               | structure, because simply giving money to people with no
               | financial literacy is a recipe for loss.
               | 
               | This is true for _all_ communities facing poverty.
        
               | pigsty wrote:
               | Also because a casino isn't infrastructure. A casino is
               | the equivalent of building liquor stores and calling it a
               | job well done. Amidst a thriving economy it's fine.
               | Otherwise it's making a few wealthy at the cost of
               | community health.
               | 
               | Casinos are a way tribes found to generate wealth as an
               | exception to state laws. It's one of the very few
               | possible "true" bootstrapping examples. But no healthy
               | community is dominated by casinos.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | > There's a wealth and basic life standard gap that is
               | impossible to bootstrap.
               | 
               | USA southern border is over-run with poor people trying
               | to get in. I wonder what is different for these folks?
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | I've just explained what's different. A successful
               | genocide campaign carried out over centuries that has
               | slowed but not stopped and certainly not reversed course.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | Many of those crossing illegally are also descendants of
               | repressed peoples, either African and / or already native
               | at the time of Spanish settlement. They come from
               | communities facing brutal repression, either at the hands
               | of government military or drug cartels.
               | 
               | You seem to view the world as if any of these problems
               | are unique to America.
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | Well yes, the problem of being targeted by a centuries-
               | long genocide campaign carried out by and within the
               | borders of the wealthiest and most advanced nation on
               | earth is, in fact, unique to American indigenous peoples.
               | 
               | I'm not saying "bad things only happen to native
               | Americans." I'm saying "the American campaign of genocide
               | against native Americans only happened to native
               | Americans."
               | 
               | At this point you seem to be willfully ignoring the
               | numerous _modern day_ examples of injustices perpetrated
               | on these people. This is not some long-gone history. As
               | mentioned in other threads, governments _kidnapped native
               | children_ as recently as the 1970s. They showed up to
               | houses, stole children, shipped those children to
               | boarding schools to be raped, tortured, and killed en
               | masse - optimistically to be brainwashed out of their
               | culture. Governments are continuing to wrestle natural
               | resources from tribes as recently as _today_. _Right
               | now_. Across the entire country.
        
               | JCharante wrote:
               | While Vietnam is a poor country, the quality of life for
               | those who make $200/month is still good. It doesn't have
               | the overtime or societal issues that Japan has. Vietnam
               | has a better trajectory for its population count and does
               | not face stagnation. What's the point of being a rich
               | country if your people are broken inside?
               | 
               | I know you're saying that countries can't develop
               | themselves without external support, but I'm not
               | convinced that a richer country = better quality of life
               | for people which is an assumption you made.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | They are people warehoused in obscure rural areas with
             | subsistence support.
             | 
             | They get enough to live not enough to thrive. The federal
             | government provided healthcare, for example, but funds it
             | in such a way that they run out of operating funds in month
             | 10 or 11 of the annual budget.
             | 
             | Like most people in this sort situation, the malaise takes
             | over. Alcohol and drug abuse is rampant. Opportunity is
             | nil. Breaking out of the cycle is very difficult and
             | requires an individual to have the right combination of
             | luck, street smarts, ability and ability to walk away that
             | is hard to find.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | More like everyone who can escape does; this obviously only
             | leaves those who cannot escape.
        
             | kevingadd wrote:
             | > Are all cultures stuck in wintery conditions facing the
             | same issues and if not, why?
             | 
             | The person you're replying to explained why: We did it to
             | them on purpose to wipe them out.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | > We did it to them on purpose to wipe them out.
               | 
               | "we"? I wouldn't be so presumptuous.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | You did not. The society that you are a part of did
               | systematically disassemble their society and slaughter
               | any resistance.
               | 
               | So "we" got our trains, oil and highways, and turned the
               | Great Plains into one of the great breadbaskets of the
               | world, at least for awhile. Unfortunately the depletion
               | of the aquifers will leave those same plains a desert
               | from an agricultural perspective in many of our
               | lifetimes. Maybe when that land is worthless to society
               | again the Sioux will get it back.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | Once again, you're making a lot of assumptions about the
               | person you're replying to.
        
               | kevingadd wrote:
               | That or you're just choosing to unfavorably read the word
               | "we" as if it refers to you specifically, instead of to
               | the poster and their cultural, racial or national group,
               | in order to avoid engaging with the substance of their
               | post?
        
             | ethanbond wrote:
             | Hmmm, nope? I'm saying that these particular people had
             | very particular things done to them _intended_ to yield
             | exactly these particular outcomes.
        
           | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
           | Yes, why aren't these people self sufficient after we took
           | away all their means of self sufficiency? It's a real big
           | mystery isn't it.
        
             | kspacewalk2 wrote:
             | >Yes, why aren't these people self sufficient after we took
             | away all their means of self sufficiency?
             | 
             | This sounds very much like "racism of low expectations".
             | "These people" are just as self-sufficient as any other
             | group of modern people of similar socioeconomic background.
             | It's been 100+ years since they were mistreated in any
             | serious fashion.
             | 
             | I come from eastern Europe and 150 years ago most of my
             | ancestors were serfs, only a rung or two above chattel
             | slaves on the ladder of human condition. If someone
             | seriously suggested that well, what do you expect of these
             | poor chaps, serfdom and all, I think I'd get quite upset.
             | 
             | Just food for thought about how both your phrasing and
             | implications of what you're saying might seem to people who
             | aren't from your background.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | This is exactly it. Many peoples suffered extremely bad
               | histories (Jews, Armenians, Chinese under Communism etc)
               | and rise to overcome it in modern day.
               | 
               | History is not fair but your actions yesterday determine
               | your life today and your actions today determine your
               | future. It is extremely damaging to sustain this culture
               | of _of course your life is shit because of what happened
               | hundreds of years ago, nothing you can do_
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | "100 years ago" is a weird way to describe "ongoing harm
               | as recently as... earlier this year."
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/2022/02/18/1081872135/native-
               | americans-p...
               | 
               | Or the US government's uranium mining on Navajo land
               | continuing to poison people today: https://en.wikipedia.o
               | rg/wiki/Uranium_mining_and_the_Navajo_...
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | What does mine placement have to do with a community's
               | ability to store emergency firewood where it's accessible
               | in an emergency?
        
               | msrenee wrote:
               | Well, that example was about a Navajo community. Quite a
               | long way from the Pine Ridge rez. Very different people
               | and culture.
               | 
               | They gave that as an example in response to the claim
               | that the abuse of natives is historical and not actively
               | happening. While it is not directly damage done to the
               | occupants of Pine Ridge, it does demonstrate that the
               | sort of injustices that destroy native communities are
               | still occurring.
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | The same genocidal policies that enable resource
               | extraction with complete disregard for local populations
               | are the ones responsible (intentionally) for the abject
               | poverty that renders these populations extremely
               | vulnerable to weather events. Most Americans cannot
               | comprehend that this level of poverty exists within their
               | borders.
               | 
               | For example, these populations have to be spread across
               | massive ranges of completely worthless land, making
               | infrastructure extremely inefficient even in scenarios
               | where they have the financial means to invest in it
               | whatsoever (which is also rare for all the same reasons^)
        
               | thebigman433 wrote:
               | > It's been 100+ years since they were mistreated in any
               | serious fashion
               | 
               | This is just patently untrue. Land is still being stolen,
               | programs to help Indigenous people are still being cut. I
               | dont think people realize how close our history actually
               | is. There were still nearly 10,000 children in Native
               | American residential schools as of _2007_. The height of
               | them ended in the 70s, which is barely 50 years away.
               | Thats quite literally the parents of modern day teenagers
               | and young adults.
               | 
               | These schools have absolutely decimated the population
               | and culture of indigenous people.
               | 
               | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_boarding
               | _schoo....
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | I really suggest you watch this video:
               | https://youtu.be/A5P6vJs1jmY
               | 
               | You cannot really compare the successful genocide natives
               | in NA to being poor in Europe.
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | Or what you're comparing is a largely _successful_
               | genocide (American natives) to either a non-genocide
               | (yeah history was mostly poverty-stricken) or
               | unsuccessful genocides (various groups in Europe).
        
               | dmkolobov wrote:
               | There's a very real difference between mostly everyone
               | being serfs long ago, and a relatively small, particular
               | group being targeted by government sponsored
               | economic/cultural/physical violence in your lifetime.
               | 
               | I live in Denver, with a very large Native population,
               | and many still remember being taken from their families
               | and being forced to speak English, while the rest of the
               | country experience the affluence boom of the suburbs and
               | such. Acknowledging that recent history isn't
               | controversial in those communities.
        
               | fencepost wrote:
               | _I come from eastern Europe and 150 years ago most of my
               | ancestors were serfs, only a rung or two above chattel
               | slaves on the ladder of human condition._
               | 
               | 50 years ago a lot of their descendants in the Eastern
               | Bloc countries were probably still in that condition or
               | in the USSR factory worker equivalent.
        
               | poulpy123 wrote:
               | Lol you should learn a bit about the history of these
               | countries. 50 years ago was the seventies. While not as
               | confortable as in the west, its was far to be at the
               | level of serfs.
        
               | smcl wrote:
               | The original quoted statement in GP is a pretty common
               | thing I have seen in younger people in now-prosperous
               | former-communist central/eastern European countries.
               | Minorities being subject to institutional racism in the
               | form of apartheid, redlining and such is completely
               | handwaved away and countered with "we had it bad under
               | communism, but we recovered so why can't they". There are
               | thankfully a growing number who don't think like this,
               | but many simply cannot be convinced and will dismiss your
               | explanations as excuse-making, or try-hard "woke"-ness.
               | Hell, I've even encountered guys here insisting that
               | because they're so non-racist they can use the n-word.
               | 
               | I think that many just don't know how widespread, deeply
               | ingrained and recent much of this was - they think there
               | was slavery, a bit of racism hanging around and then (in
               | the USA at least) the civil rights act sorted things out
               | and made everything equal. And that's really similar in
               | nature to the comment you replied to - people have picked
               | up a simplified and wrong version of history of Warsaw
               | Pact countries and they're just a bit ignorant of the
               | truth.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | paultopia wrote:
           | This this this this this this this this. ZERO coincidence
           | that this tragedy happens on a reservation.
        
         | zdragnar wrote:
         | From the article, the community has stockpiled resources, but
         | their plows and skidsteers are all out of commission. They
         | literally cannot get to the firewood, and every time they clear
         | some snow out more blows in.
         | 
         | Some people have been completely isolated in their homes for 8
         | days. I'd say most people, even in rural areas, don't have a
         | supply that'll last longer than that, except for some hardcore
         | preppers.
        
           | survirtual wrote:
           | Most people in rural areas have some kind of food store with
           | canned goods. With things like Soylent and Huel, those can
           | also be used. I had 6 months of Soylent back in the day. 2
           | bags of Huel can last about 6 days and fits in a small bag --
           | it is one of my hacks for backpacking.
           | 
           | If you haven't already, I recommend having a supply of canned
           | beans, canned tuna, canned meats to preference, canned
           | sardines, bulk rice (you can drop dry ice in a 5 gallon
           | container and fill it with rice, then put silica packets on
           | top, then seal it). With that, you can eat pretty good
           | limited only by the duration being prepared for, and it is
           | relatively cheap & space efficient.
           | 
           | For water, buy a Sawyer filter. I like the squeeze. They are
           | capable of removing most harmful organisms out of the water,
           | are very portable, and would help a lot during a water supply
           | issue. They do not filter chemicals or dissolved solids. I
           | use mine when backpacking to drink out of just about every
           | fresh water source you can imagine, and I use it when
           | traveling to other countries with questionable water
           | supplies.
           | 
           | Also, do yourself a favor and buy a bidet seat. These will
           | change your life. Not only is it more hygienic, it reduces
           | the use of toilet paper significantly. In the event of
           | disaster but water is still flowing, that is one less thing
           | to think about.
           | 
           | For warmth, have the layers available. A wool base layer can
           | keep you warm in even the coldest climates. Do not use
           | cotton; cotton is deadly when wet in cold. Wool insulates
           | even when wet -- this is commonly known but I have actually
           | tested it with wool socks walking around in the Virgin river
           | in Zion National Park during the height of winter, among
           | other places. Also would want an insulated windbreaker that
           | can be removed as needed. Warm clothing / blankets / etc is
           | more reliable than a fuel source for heating in my opinion,
           | because you could get snowed in and cut off from the fuel.
           | 
           | These are not actions reserved for just preppers. I think
           | everyone should have this kind of basic readiness on some
           | level. No one in the US, for instance, has any excuse because
           | it is all very very affordable, and also contribute
           | positively to the environment in the case of a bidet seat.
           | 
           | If I was in the position most of you are in (I have opted out
           | of the housing market for ethical reasons), I'd also be
           | powered mostly via solar and a 3 day reserve battery for the
           | house. Expensive, but worth it. All my heating and cooling
           | would be electrical and I would have an inductive stovetop.
           | Everything electrified. It is a privilege to have that kind
           | of prep but it has a dual purpose of not hurting the
           | environment.
           | 
           | When I am in the wild, I do not like to carry anything that
           | is singular purpose. Everything must have multiple uses. This
           | reduces waste and increases efficiency in many ways.
           | Likewise, for disaster readiness, you need to tweak the way
           | you live normally to be efficient during disaster. A bidet
           | seat, for instance, is a good example. This makes your life
           | more efficient, more comfortable, and reduces waste.
           | Simultaneously, it functions much better during disaster.
           | 
           | Food storage can also be done similarly. Store things you
           | would actually eat but preserve well. Rotate the storage by
           | actually using it; this lets you keep track of what is still
           | good and integrates it into your diet realistically.
           | 
           | Water filters can be used while hiking. Use them. Go on a
           | hike and take a drink from your rivers or lakes. It is
           | refreshing. If your rivers and lakes have dangerous chemicals
           | dissolved in it because of human activity, don't you think
           | something should be done about that?
           | 
           | Aim for at least dual purpose in things. Readiness should
           | function without the survival aspect and flow into survival
           | without friction.
        
             | literalAardvark wrote:
             | You should start a show. "Survival with Marie Antoinette"
             | is a good title.
        
             | brookst wrote:
             | > No one in the US, for instance, has any excuse because it
             | is all very very affordable
             | 
             | As another comment pointed out, median income in Pine Ridge
             | is $4k _per year_.
             | 
             | I don't think really any of your advice is compatible with
             | that income level.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | Beans and rice in storage is directly compatible with
               | that income level.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | Beans and rice take quite a bit of fuel to cook, and that
               | sounds like a major problem.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I get the impression from a lot of HN comments that many
               | people are unaware of the variability in living standards
               | in a country of 350+MM people
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | phil21 wrote:
             | > If I was in the position most of you are in (I have opted
             | out of the housing market for ethical reasons), I'd also be
             | powered mostly via solar and a 3 day reserve battery for
             | the house.
             | 
             | You are getting a lot of flak for this, but I completely
             | agree. For the salaries many on HN take home (well into the
             | six figures) this should be far more of a priority. There
             | is almost no excuse to not do it in any semi-rural setting
             | - I see it as outright negligence if you make that sort of
             | money and have a living situation that allows it.
             | 
             | You mentioned $75k previously - that would be for an
             | extremely small house. I've also ran the numbers, and for
             | $250-500k (depending on climate) you can basically live in
             | a normal sized house and be completely off-grid
             | indefinitely. That's a ton of money, but almost nothing
             | when compared with a FAANG salary over a decade.
             | 
             | If that is a bit too crazy for you, you can get back to the
             | ~$150k number by the simple addition of a backup generator
             | fueled by on-site propane. Get a few tanks on-site and it's
             | pretty easy to have a 60 day supply on-hand at all times
             | when combined with your solar generation during the day.
             | Propane doesn't go bad so you can basically store it
             | indefinitely. Add in a wood stove and you really can go as
             | long as your food and medical supplies last.
             | 
             | It's strange to me more folks in this position do not make
             | this a priority. Just adding rooftop solar+batteries+roll-
             | up generator seems to be too far "out there" for most
             | people to even consider.
             | 
             | I've noticed since COVID these attitudes are slowly
             | shifting, so we'll see what the future brings. The sheer
             | number of friends I know who have less than a week's worth
             | of food in the house and not even a little Honda 2000w
             | generator is uncomfortable to me.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Count me among the people for whom COVID was the needed
               | wake-up call. I realized how dependent I was on
               | civilization for things like energy, water, and so on,
               | and watched neighborhoods break down into chaos and
               | madness over a few supply shocks. It was the kick in the
               | pants I needed to move the fam out to the boonies. I'm
               | not fully off-grid and independent yet, but for the first
               | time making good forward progress in the right direction.
               | My energy mix is now propane, rooftop solar, a wood
               | furnace, and the grid. I've got space on the property to
               | store an abundance of food and water indefinitely. Fresh
               | water stream behind the home. Yea, I know, this makes me
               | barely a Level 1 Noob Prepper, but it's a start. Maybe
               | one day we move more fully off-grid, when we are ready.
               | 
               | I realize a lot of good fortune and privilege allowed
               | this which is why I can't fault the poor folks in the
               | article.
        
             | dzdt wrote:
             | > No one in the US, for instance, has any excuse because it
             | is all very very affordable
             | 
             | The article is about the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation,
             | with >80% unemployment and average incomes of $4000 per
             | year. I expect their notions of "very affordable" may not
             | match yours.
        
             | ScoobleDoodle wrote:
             | Are you suggesting the inductive stove top because it's
             | more energy efficient?
             | 
             | Thank you for sharing all of these recommendations.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Inductive fails when power fails, however. If you have a
               | gas furnace you should consider having a gas stove
               | connected even if you rarely use it - it can provide heat
               | if power fails.
               | 
               | Remember that without power you have no exhaust fan and
               | must ventilate appropriately.
               | 
               | A kerosene heater is a great investment in colder areas,
               | hardware store sealed kerosene will last nearly forever.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | No, that is only if you have a solar setup and are
               | efficient enough for offgrid independent electricity. It
               | is a suggestion for people with money to do a setup that
               | doesn't compromise on modern luxury even in disaster.
               | Given the population here, I figured there are people who
               | can afford that kind of setup; it would be in the range
               | of $75,000 to do properly but do it yourself (so cost of
               | materials).
               | 
               | Without that, the method for heating food I'd use is a
               | propane stove. You can get a single burner for under $30.
               | I always have 4, 5lbs propane canisters with me to cook
               | while traveling. For a house, you can have a large
               | propane tank.
        
             | Cipater wrote:
             | >No one in the US, for instance, has any excuse because it
             | is all very very affordable
             | 
             | What a thing to say.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | > _3 day reserve battery for the house_ ... _All my heating
             | and cooling would be electrical_
             | 
             | I don't think you've run the numbers here, at all. Battery
             | storage that can provide off-grid heat-pump heating for a
             | single dead-of-winter design night is bordering on
             | impractical. Creating a buffer that could last 3 whole days
             | (4-5x the size) would be blatantly prohibitive.
             | 
             | Batteries only make sense for daily cycling to deal with
             | the dark. It's much less expensive and most likely less
             | environmentally destructive to supply longer term backup
             | electricity needs from a traditional generator and dino
             | juice than to manufacture batteries just to have them
             | sitting around basically unused.
             | 
             | The sensible way to spend capital investment is on more
             | insulation to make your heating load quite low to begin
             | with (eg PassivHaus). Perhaps this dovetails into your
             | thinking, but if so you should lead with and focus on that,
             | as talking about supplying heating loads with batteries is
             | just insane.
             | 
             | edit: Also, how is it even possible to opt out of the
             | housing market? The only ways I can think of:
             | 
             | 1. Bundle up with warm clothing and sleep rough (moving on
             | when needed)
             | 
             | 2. Squat, in an unoccupied structure or even an occupied
             | one without the knowledge of the other residents.
             | 
             | 3. Build your own house and claim that you're at least not
             | part of the economic market. But you would still need land
             | to do that, which is the main problem with the housing
             | market.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | And three days is nothing when you could be without power
               | for a week or more.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | That statement was in a context of a paragraph about
               | solar for wealthy people / upper middle class on a site
               | with tech people who, coincidentally, near universally
               | fall in that category.
               | 
               | If you have solar, you won't ever go 3 days without some
               | energy generation. The 3 days of battery is mainly a
               | buffer for night time when solar is offline.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | It sounds like the people in this article could be snowed
               | in for a week or more. Your experience and insights are
               | interesting but you're kinda tripping over your own feet
               | with generalities that are at odds with the article we're
               | discussing.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | I agree with you. I thought replying to the post I did
               | and honing in on the statement about rural folks was
               | enough to go on this tangent, but I will look towards
               | being more focused on the root topic in the future.
               | 
               | I just think, at the very least, getting people thinking
               | about these topics and perhaps even convincing someone to
               | make some lifestyle changes could be really helpful, and
               | well, it just isn't often words from internet strangers
               | could have such a direct impact.
               | 
               | Ultimately, my thinking is that I can't help the people
               | in that article here, but I can try and contribute to the
               | readers in my small way.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | I have run the numbers and with proper insulation and
               | lower sq footage it is completely practical.
               | 
               | That recommendation is for people with the money to do
               | it, which is most of us here. I was replying to someone
               | talking about most "rural" people and extended the reply
               | to be relevant to people here.
               | 
               | Given I sleep most nights in a hammock in woods
               | backpacking and travel around nonstop, and have no
               | trouble in sub-zero wilderness, I have definitely opted
               | out of housing and may or may not know something about
               | what I'm talking about.
               | 
               | Believe it or not, people with ethics and willpower to
               | follow through still exist. I have opted out of housing
               | and opted out of having children, because the housing
               | situation is unconscionable and refuse to participate in
               | it (nor will I enrich people participating in it by
               | paying their outrageous rates). I would never bring a
               | child into this world as it is and where its going, so
               | that is an easy one.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | > _Given I sleep most nights in a hammock in woods
               | backpacking and travel around nonstop, and have no
               | trouble in sub-zero wilderness, I have definitely opted
               | out of housing_
               | 
               | Okay, I do agree this qualifies as opting out of the
               | housing market.
               | 
               | > _Believe it or not, people with ethics and willpower to
               | follow through still exist_
               | 
               | Sure. I'm there myself on a few topics, and have lived
               | them for quite some time. But you need to understand that
               | this puts you at odds with 99% of society, and as such
               | your example isn't going to be found as actionable advice
               | by the sheer majority of people - even people who agree
               | with you 90% of the way.
               | 
               | Would you mind sharing your numbers? If I just spitball
               | with a 10kBTU/hr design load, a heat pump COP of 3, and
               | assume that your heating requirements are entirely taken
               | care of by that design load for 8 hours at night, that's
               | still like 3 Powerwalls to last 3 nights. I'd say there
               | are better ways to spend those resources, especially
               | considering that batteries wear out like everything else.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | I'd have to find my notes on the topic, but if memory
               | serves for the results, I was targeting 200kWh of battery
               | with a ~1000sqft space. I can't recall my calculations on
               | the number of panels because I was later working on
               | another design for mobile use with my car, but I do
               | remember it being around $20k-$30k in panels alone to do
               | what I wanted. Panel efficiency and price has gone down
               | since then, so I would expect that price to be lower now.
               | I wanted enough generation to simultaneously charge two
               | EVs as well as be capable of heating a space. I was
               | planning on doing all the labor myself so that is not in
               | the numbers for cost.
               | 
               | All things told I was prepared to spend around $75k on
               | electrical to make this happen in a remote location,
               | which seemed reasonable to me given the capabilities &
               | stability I would get in return. It is not something most
               | people could afford, but most people here on HN probably
               | could which is why I mentioned it.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | Well, I apologize for what I originally said because it
               | seems you have seriously run the numbers out. On its own
               | that still seems like a massive amount of battery for a
               | single dwelling, but hard to put into context without
               | other numbers (design heating load, electrical load,
               | atrophy over time, oversized for slower wear, etc)
               | 
               | Still, in general it seems like the ultimate design
               | constraint is always low probability events adding up -
               | eg solar generation getting severely cut for a week, due
               | to snow on the panels and cloudy days or hardware
               | failure, coupled with many cold nights in a row. For
               | which a fall back to a more traditional denser energy
               | source (wood or gasoline) that you'd end up using every
               | few years comes in much cheaper than trying to oversize
               | the primary battery storage to handle every long tail
               | event.
        
               | Someone wrote:
               | Did you consider how that would do in a week-long storm
               | that deposits a foot or more of snow on your panels?
               | 
               | For emergencies, I think I would put more trust in a low-
               | tech wood burner, moving extra wood in-house whenever
               | there's a serious storm forecast.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | It seems like any child you would have would be extremely
               | well prepared for wherever the world is going
        
             | ISL wrote:
             | _No one in the US, for instance, has any excuse because it
             | is all very very affordable_
             | 
             | More than half of people in the United States may not be
             | able to cover a $1k emergency expense from savings.
             | 
             | https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.cnbc.com/amp/2022/01/19/56
             | p...
             | 
             | While some of that effect is due to economic choices, much
             | of it is not. It is difficult to prepare for a long-tail
             | disaster when you're facing oodles of short-term needs.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | People in the US can afford a 5 gallon container of beans
               | and rice. My suggestion isn't financially impractical for
               | anyone, this is nonsense.
               | 
               | It is just a matter of priorities and knowledge, and who
               | is here on Hacker News reading what I wrote? Is it a
               | population that can afford these suggestions or isn't it?
        
               | rascul wrote:
               | > People in the US can afford a 5 gallon container of
               | beans and rice. My suggestion isn't financially
               | impractical for anyone, this is nonsense.
               | 
               | There are plenty of people in the US who can barely
               | scrape together enough to feed themselves for a day.
               | Telling these people to just spend more money isn't
               | helpful.
        
               | survirtual wrote:
               | I am very aware of the poverty here. I have met people on
               | the roads and in the woods with some incredible stories &
               | lifestyles.
               | 
               | If you are fortunate enough to have a fixed location and
               | are able to survive in general society, I can assure you,
               | you can find some way to scrape together a rolling supply
               | of beans and rice.
               | 
               | If nothing else, these are served in abundance at food
               | banks. I should know because I have friends in some parts
               | of the country who are homeless & regularly used food
               | banks. They had no place to store long term stuff
               | (although I have found buried caches before, I don't know
               | people who regularly do that) so my advice wouldn't apply
               | to them, but if someone went to a food bank and had a
               | fixed location for storage, I am sure they would have no
               | trouble being able to secure a large supply of rice and
               | beans.
               | 
               | A large issue with poverty is it generates a mindset
               | where these kinds of preparations are much lower priority
               | than daily survival, so that would be a more reasonable
               | reason to point at I think.
        
               | trs8080 wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please make your substantive points without crossing into
               | personal attack.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
               | 
               | Edit: you've unfortunately doing this so frequently, and
               | posting so many flamewar comments, that I think we have
               | to ban this account. These things are the opposite of
               | what HN is for, regardless of how wrong other people are
               | or you feel they are.
               | 
               | If you don't want to be banned, you're welcome to email
               | hn@ycombinator.com and give us reason to believe that
               | you'll follow the rules in the future. They're here:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
        
           | c-fe wrote:
           | > I'd say most people, even in rural areas, don't have a
           | supply that'll last longer than that, except for some
           | hardcore preppers.
           | 
           | I disagree. Or, at least where I live (densely populated
           | europe), nearly everyone with their own house has at lease
           | one (small) fireplace with some wood stored outside,
           | typically enough for at least a month (otherwhise, do you go
           | shopping wood every week?). Food-wise I agree that 8 days may
           | touch the limits of food supply for families, but I know
           | plenty people that have pasta / rice in stock for days. And
           | this is in Europe without any wilderness. I cant believe that
           | more rural americans are less equiped than this altough maybe
           | I am wrong.
        
             | lazyasciiart wrote:
             | Enough for a month of what? Small decorative fires part of
             | the day, or fires large enough to heat the house and cook
             | food on 24/7? The fireplaces I'm familiar with would never
             | heat the entire house, no matter how much wood you had
             | outside.
        
               | SyzygistSix wrote:
               | In Pittsburgh after the blizzard, we all slept in the
               | family/living room where the fireplace was, in sleeping
               | bags. I think power was out for a week to 10 days?
        
               | trillic wrote:
               | You don't need to heat an entire house to stay alive.
               | Just enough so the people sitting next to the fire don't
               | die of hypothermia
        
               | lazyasciiart wrote:
               | Sure. So enough wood to keep that room warm 12 hours a
               | day for a month suddenly became enough wood to keep that
               | room warm 24 hours a day for two weeks. The family that
               | happened to put in a months supply two weeks before the
               | storm started only had enough for one week of full time
               | fires, and that ran out days ago. (The suburban european
               | houses with a fireplace I know are more likely to burn it
               | a few hours each day, which makes their month of wood
               | worth only a few days of full reliance).
        
             | LinuxBender wrote:
             | That is my take as well. Everyone around me keeps at least
             | 1 cord of wood [1] or more. It can get cold here and people
             | are expected to be self sufficient. The less fortunate
             | people instead of buying wood will get a permit from the
             | state to chop wood from a specified area but then they have
             | to haul/cut/dry/season the wood themselves usually
             | borrowing a neighbors trailer. People here are friendly and
             | share tools.
             | 
             | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord_(unit)
        
               | barney54 wrote:
               | People who live on Indian Reservations are frequently
               | really, really poor and likely couldn't afford to stock
               | up with that much wood beforehand.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | You've given me something to go do. I've never visited
               | the reservation near me. [1] If they are unaware of the
               | wood cutting permits [2] I will show them.
               | 
               | [1] - https://windriver.org/destinations/wind-river-
               | indian-reserva...
               | 
               | [2] - https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/mbr/passes-
               | permits/forestprod...
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Consider reaching out to your local congressional reps to
               | get some appropriation done where reservation folks are
               | contacted to inform them of their right to the resources
               | and automatically provide the wood cutting permits if
               | done for personal/tribal use. Happy to provide
               | assistance.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | I will first reach out to the reservation to learn more
               | about it before I jump to any conclusions. I prefer to
               | speak to the people that live in an area. It may turn out
               | they have everything they need. But I will keep your
               | offer in mind if it turns out things are in a bad state
               | of affairs.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | It looks like the Wind River reservation is quite some
               | distance from the Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest, I
               | don't think ignorance of the permits is their problem.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | There are other areas to cut wood. They don't list all of
               | them. The local forestry office may be able to provide
               | closer locations. For example, there is a designated area
               | just a few miles from me but it is not listed on any of
               | the forestry websites. I listed that page to show the
               | permitting process, restrictions and costs. As
               | toomuchtodo pointed out, it may even be free in their
               | case.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | There's a good chance that few of those areas are on the
               | reservation, which often were picked to be the worst land
               | in the region. So many still may not live within a
               | convenient distance of an area for wood.
               | 
               | Plus, even if they do live near a forest, I'm not sure if
               | the Forest Service would have jurisdiction. It's possible
               | the tribe has the rights, or the BIA handles it.
        
             | kzrdude wrote:
             | Whereabouts is this? Fireplaces are really not common in
             | new developments (Sweden), but I'm not fond of new
             | development houses anyway.
             | 
             | It's a shame for a country with a tradition of beautiful
             | and efficient wood fireplaces like these:
             | https://www.land.se/hus-hem/skaffa-kakelugn-tips-och-rad-
             | du-...
        
             | bratbag wrote:
             | You can't believe something that is happening?
        
           | karmelapple wrote:
           | I grew up in North Dakota, and the place in this news story
           | is in South Dakota. I knew plenty of folks in rural areas
           | with enough resources for weeks, not days. Running water
           | might be the exception, but many farmers I know had well
           | water.
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | If you have enough fuel then water is not a problem in the
             | snow. I've been in a cabin in Norway when the well which
             | was about 70 metres away was buried in snow but we just
             | took a bucket full of snow in an put it on top of the wood
             | burner to thaw.
        
             | msrenee wrote:
             | Running on a well only gets you so far in the running water
             | game when the power goes out.
        
           | kneebonian wrote:
           | > Some people have been completely isolated in their homes
           | for 8 days. I'd say most people, even in rural areas, don't
           | have a supply that'll last longer than that, except for some
           | hardcore preppers.
           | 
           | I wouldn't say that, I try and always have 3 months supply of
           | food on hand in case something happens, even just a temporary
           | job loss, in fact the idea of having less than a full months
           | supply of food on hand seems terrifying to me, as evidenced
           | all you need is one bad winter storm and your looking at
           | starvation.
           | 
           | In fact the church I belong to encourages members to have 1-6
           | months supply of food on hand in case of emergencies and it
           | would be something I'd recommend everyone do. It gives you
           | substantial peace of mind.
        
             | EschatonCometh wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | kneebonian wrote:
               | I mean the Church I belong to says nothing about the end
               | times but rather encourages it as a matter of self-
               | reliance with the idea being you need to be in a stable
               | place in order to help and lift others, nothing about the
               | end times.
               | 
               | EDIT: I should clarify the Church I belong to doesn't
               | encourage having a supply of food because of end times
               | although it does accept the doctrine of Eschatology.
        
               | pard68 wrote:
               | > EschatonCometh
               | 
               | I can't stop laughing. Your lack of self awareness is
               | staggering
        
               | ArmandTanzarian wrote:
               | I would encourage Eschaton to re-read the words they
               | typed and consider the irony. "F your peace of mind. It
               | is a narrow banded one." I am not religious, but your
               | hostility smacks of the "narrow bandedness" your post is
               | so quick to call out.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | As pointed out elsewhere, this is a very, very poor
             | community. Stockpiling food is likely not an option for
             | most if they truly do have unemployment in the 90% range
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | Serious question, why aren't the firewood stockpiles in very
           | close proximity to the houses themselves? That's what we do
           | in these parts of the world where I live (Eastern Europe),
           | where even the apartment blocks that still rely on firewood
           | store it very close to the buildings themselves, in walking
           | distance (as can be seen via this GStreetView link [1])
           | 
           | [1] https://www.google.com/maps/@46.5413445,22.4545999,3a,49y
           | ,10...
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Firewood also has pest issues and other problems so you
             | often want to only store as much as you "need" near the
             | dwelling. Remember that the distances aren't even a
             | football field away; more like across a large street. But
             | under enough snow that's impossible to pass.
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | How's the winter in that area _normally_ ?
           | 
           | Because i've lived my first ~16 years of life in a home
           | heated with firewood (and coal but it's irellevant now) and
           | by the end of september all the fuel needed for 3 months of
           | winter was neatly piled up within easy reach of the house.
           | All you needed was to shovel like 20 meters of path and maybe
           | a wheelbarrow.
           | 
           | Why would you need something motorized to get to your
           | firewood? Doesn't make sense unless they've never had heavy
           | winters before.
        
             | jrochkind1 wrote:
             | I don't know the details, but they are very very poor (Pine
             | Ridge is often calculated to have the highest unemployment
             | and lowest per capita income in the entire country; life
             | expectancy is ~50 years), and I'm not sure how forrested
             | the land is, it's mostly grassland/prairie.
             | 
             | The OP article suggested that many people ordinarily use
             | propane heat, which normally can be delivered just fine. I
             | don't know enough to say why not firewood, but I'd guess
             | expense and convenience. Aha, this other article mentions a
             | firewood shortage, but doesn't say details:
             | 
             | > In homes heated by firewood, there is another battle.
             | Yellow Hair says there is a firewood shortage happening on
             | the reservation, but communities are coming together to
             | help one another. "Lending that helping hand, when they can
             | and where they can," said Yellow Hair. Keeping people warm
             | is an issue across much of the Pine Ridge Reservation, with
             | a firewood shortage and propane trucks jelling up from the
             | cold.
             | 
             | --https://www.blackhillsfox.com/2022/12/22/one-natural-
             | phenome...
             | 
             | And here's an article about life in Pine Ridge generally:
             | 
             | > Among the most impoverished of these reservations, Pine
             | Ridge is plagued by an 80 to 90 percent unemployment rate
             | with a median individual income of $4,000 a year, according
             | to the Re-Member nonprofit organisation's 2007 statistics.
             | 
             | -- https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2016/11/2/life-on-
             | the-pin...
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Thank you for the context. It's a little cringey to read
               | all of the comparatively wealthy and privileged comments
               | that boil down to "why didn't they just spend lots of
               | money on equipment and supplies."
        
               | daniel_reetz wrote:
               | I grew up in North Dakota (where there are a number of
               | reservations) and worked on a project in a First Nations
               | village in Ontario. Comments here exhibit zero awareness
               | of what crushing poverty (and reservation dynamics) can
               | do to people. Or, for that matter, what enormous
               | privilege and lucky circumstances can do to people.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | Another question is why they all still live there?
        
               | trollied wrote:
               | I guess you don't understand how things work outside of
               | your circle. They're not software engineers on ridiculous
               | salaries. Lots of people live day to day, not knowing
               | where their next meal is coming from, never mind prepping
               | a huge stockpile for storm events, or being able to spend
               | thousands moving elsewhere & being able to afford said
               | move/rent elsewhere/get work etc.
               | 
               | People's biggest problems are mostly not how to pass a
               | FAANG interview.
        
               | itsagavin wrote:
               | I can answer this as a dude that started off life at 11
               | homeless and went from there. Live in unquestionable
               | poverty along with your support network of $4000 a year
               | earners? Or take a bus to any random American city and
               | get ready for your how many days can a green recruit last
               | in Nam scenario?
        
               | citizenpaul wrote:
               | >green recruit last in Nam scenario
               | 
               | How is it any different where you came from? Once you
               | become a teenager the gangs and predatory "adults" start
               | closing in on you to either join/serve or be an outsider
               | they abuse for amusement.
               | 
               | I say this from similar situation as you but I was 16.
               | Much easier since I could legally work in restaurants
               | (which is what I did). I have no idea how you would make
               | it without the ability to work. I'm not saying that I
               | want anyone to go through what I or you did. However it
               | was blindingly clear to me even as a child that staying
               | was equal to dying. I don't see how these people stay in
               | these places having been there myself.
               | 
               | Someone posted the average income at pine ridge is <$4k.
               | You can work for minimum wage for almost a 400% increase
               | in income by leaving.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | Where are they going to go where they won't be at a
               | severe disadvantage due to racism and lack of both money
               | and connections?
        
               | j-krieger wrote:
               | Anywhere else. You make it sound like racism is bad
               | enough to keep them unemployed
        
               | therealdrag0 wrote:
               | Yes they'd be at a disadvantage. Wouldn't you still make
               | that choice? Why would you voluntarily stay in a place so
               | poor? Can it really get any worse?
        
               | stevenicr wrote:
               | I think the problem gets much more complex, and I would
               | assume that moving from pine ridge (and similar places) -
               | one would find that their rent increases more than 400%.
               | I am assuming that living there grants access to
               | transportation in some regard, as well as community
               | mentors that help with how to live and what can be done
               | when something tragic happens. Moving is more than the
               | cost in dollars to get from point A to point B - and
               | living somewhere in the states could yield a worse life
               | for people even if they suddenly increased income by
               | 400%. Last report I saw listed 8 counties (?) where you
               | could pay rent on minimum wage (?) - I think it was a few
               | in New Mexico and western Oregon - not sure this is still
               | true - but you may need more than a job and rent if
               | moving to these places - cars and other things may be
               | necessary. I also don't know how many people could move
               | to these last few places before all the available housing
               | was taken and prices go up, and all the basic jobs are
               | taken and people start working under the table for less,
               | bringing the average wage down. The shortage of housing
               | in this country is crushing so many, and that's without
               | the other tough things being considered.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It's a reservation and they're the natives there. And the
               | average is quite young, so I think everyone who can
               | escape does (which can harm the remainder in other ways).
        
               | itsagavin wrote:
               | I spent time in ND, SD and MN matching online and phone
               | wagering with receptive reservations. IMHO if you want to
               | escape the res you gotta go far far away. Think 1000
               | miles. The racism in the Midwest is so entrenched that
               | they solved the who!e uncomfortable mingling with people
               | you hate thing by COMPLETELY excluding natives from
               | society. The amount of times I saw natives bounced just
               | for walking in to a bar in Fargo was disgusting. Its just
               | assumed by race they are drunk, poor, vagrant and
               | violent.
        
               | doodlebugging wrote:
               | This also happens in Montana and around Four Corners,
               | wherever there are reservations and non-native Americans
               | mingling. The old bias against drunken Indians rears its
               | head. Local characterizations propagate the narrative
               | that the reservation is full of lazy drunks, dopeheads,
               | or abusive and combative individuals.
               | 
               | I was able to work with members of the Ute and Navajo
               | tribes in Four Corners years ago when our company worked
               | on reservation lands and was required to hire a
               | percentage of local laborers. Those guys worked as hard
               | as the rest of us out in the July sun down in the hot
               | canyons. They laughed at and with each other poking jibes
               | at each other since their tribes were traditionally not
               | allies. It was all good-natured ribbing and I'm sure they
               | knew each other or of each other before working with us.
               | They worked the length of our contract in the area and
               | had few issues with attendance or effort.
               | 
               | Local whites always talked down about the natives but I
               | found them to be as dependable as Mexican and central
               | American immigrants (legal or otherwise) that I worked
               | with in Texas and other states. These people needed jobs
               | and were willing to work to keep a job and the quality of
               | their efforts was on par or better than the quality of
               | local labor.
               | 
               | In contrast, our company cycled through local non-native
               | help. Many of those people appeared and worked long
               | enough to earn a paycheck and then disappeared. Some even
               | played the employment game where a group of friends hired
               | out to each of the three non-local companies and on any
               | given day your rolls would show all of them working with
               | one of your crews, some of them with one of your crews,
               | or none of them with your crews that day. They went where
               | they thought the best pay opportunity of the day would be
               | and had a friend sign them in where they were expected to
               | be so they could earn a check there too. This went on for
               | weeks until one of our crews had a problem in the field
               | and in the process of sorting it out and looking for a
               | scapegoat, they went through the rolls of potential crew
               | members who should have had responsibility and discovered
               | that several people listed as being present and working
               | did not show up at all.
               | 
               | Since the three companies were in the same business and
               | everyone knew everyone else our party manager had a talk
               | with the other guys and they compared employee rolls and
               | discovered all the overlap and the system of sign-ins.
               | All of those people were fired immediately when they
               | showed up for their next day's work. These were ordinary
               | white guys who all lived in that area.
        
               | Bilal_io wrote:
               | For the same reason they cannot stockpile.
               | 
               | Moving is very expensive. Then how can they afford rent
               | in a more expensive area? How will they find jobs?
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | We even have the first Gen Z Congressperson being
               | rejected from housing due to low credit score, despite
               | the fact that his salary as a future Congressperson is a
               | known six-figure value.
               | 
               | Once society has deemed you too poor to be useful, it is
               | hard to escape that designation even if you make it out.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | Your salary has very little to do with your credit score.
               | 
               | Length of history + history of repayment.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | Of course, but also it is a little ridiculous that
               | someone with $170k+ salary is totally unable to rent at
               | most places due to automatic credit score rejection,
               | despite pretty much everything being below the rule of
               | thumb for rent and salary.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | I have a relative who has generally been in and out of
               | debt. Occasionally, she convinces someone in the family
               | to give her a cash infusion - enough to clear the debts.
               | 
               | She goes back into debt right after.
               | 
               | In her youth, she didn't make much. She has since become
               | a skilled professional though and now makes a very good
               | salary.
               | 
               | She is still in debt.
               | 
               | I have friends who make mind boggling amounts of money
               | and also have amazing debt. As they have made more their
               | debt has gotten worse, not better.
               | 
               | A credit score says whether or not you have paid back
               | your debts. Making more money does not fix the broken
               | behavior - it often times makes it worse.
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | Doesn't credit score also incorporate depth of payment
               | (not sure if that's the term, but a history of paying
               | back a large debt)? A financial adviser once told me,
               | when I was three years out of university and had finished
               | paying off my student loans, that my credit score was
               | good (I'd paid off minimal bills ontime on credit cards
               | for years and paid off a used car and student loans) but
               | not deep - I'd never taken on a mortgage or any other
               | high five-digit or six-digit debts.
               | 
               | So, though I'd been responsible for a long time, it
               | didn't count like it would have if I'd engaged in a lot
               | more borrowing. Problem was, I valued being debt-free
               | sooner for the flexibility it gave me.
               | 
               | After all, look at the etymology of mortgage - mort gage
               | (old French), literally "death pledge". Thanks, but I
               | prefer life without that kind of constraint.
               | 
               | And if one is born into generational poverty, in a place
               | highly dependent on government intervention, its probably
               | really hard to access the mindset and opportunities for
               | education and entrepreneurial examples that could start
               | to break the poverty trend.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | You are correct that history of repayment helps the
               | score. Someone who borrows $5 once and pays it back once
               | is less trustworthy (from a credit sense) then the person
               | who borrows $5 every month and pays it back every month,
               | as odd as that feels in the abstract.
               | 
               | Credit scores are intentionally a blend of elements.
               | Generally the advice is to make one or two small credit
               | purchases a month and pay them back - just enough to show
               | consistent mild activity. Some people like using gas for
               | this since credit cards are more fraud protected, but
               | that may or may not be a "small purchase" for you.
               | 
               | When we talk about poverty, we want to seperate out the
               | individual case (Bob is broke) from the group case
               | (Mary's tribe is broke.) Fixing Bob's problems looks very
               | different from fixing the tribes problems. (That doesn't
               | mean the root problem is unrelated.)
               | 
               | Financial literacy education is unfortunately overrun
               | with scams.
        
               | Ericson2314 wrote:
               | imagine a ghetto but instead of being in a major city
               | like Venice it is 1000s of miles away from any real
               | economic opportunity.
        
               | therealdrag0 wrote:
               | Thousands of miles? Check a map.
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | If someone doesn't have the money to stock pile some food
               | and fuel do you think they can afford to move?
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | Bus fare, then a homeless shelter until you find work in
               | your new city?
        
               | poulpy123 wrote:
               | Are you seriously advising them to leave their home to
               | become homeless in a place they know nobody ?
        
               | msrenee wrote:
               | Where do you want them to go? Rapid? Chadron?
               | Scottsbluff? These aren't places with a ton of resources
               | either. It's not like they can just pick up and go be
               | homeless somewhere with good services at the cost of bus
               | fare.
        
               | j-krieger wrote:
               | Places won't employ you without an address. Homes won't
               | be rent to you without a job.
        
               | shepherdjerred wrote:
               | It's that easy folks!
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | So fight for space in a homeless shelter. Get robbed the
               | days you find a bed. Get robbed or stripped of everything
               | by the cops the days you don't and have to sleep outside.
               | I've never been in the situation, but accounts from
               | people who've survived it are a search away.
        
             | kranke155 wrote:
             | This comment is peak HN contrarianism.
             | 
             | "How come they didn't prepare better for a brutal winter"
             | 
             | Is the new "Dropbox will never work"
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I suspect that most HN commentators do NOT know exactly
               | how close to starvation and freezing and death they are
               | (you can sit down and calculate it based on which
               | assumptions could fail) but in the places where it gets
               | cold you may be days or less if power fails. If your
               | furnace can't run without electricity how long does your
               | house stay habitable? What backup heat do you have? If
               | the gas lines are flowing you might be able to use a
               | stove for awhile, or the water heater (both are often
               | firable without electricity) - but how long will your
               | food and water last?
        
               | pard68 wrote:
               | I too appreciate your comment. Most folks here are
               | probably less prepared than those in these rural
               | reservations. NYC area has begun warning about blackouts
               | to conserve power. They don't even have a fireplace or
               | woodstove to burn clothes in.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | I really love your comment because it helps reframe the
               | requirements gathering and solutioning process (as well
               | as the constraints you're operating within) for an
               | audience that, under the right circumstances, can
               | effectively direct their engineering experience and
               | knowledge to solve real world problems.
        
             | Klathmon wrote:
             | >All you needed was to shovel like 20 meters of path and
             | maybe a wheelbarrow.
             | 
             | According to the article some of the areas are getting 30
             | inches of snow and ice!
             | 
             | With drifts easily doubling that, I could see how 20 meters
             | could quickly become near impossible to clear by hand,
             | especially while it's still coming down.
        
               | aqme28 wrote:
               | Also I'm not sure that every household has someone able-
               | bodied enough to do that work.
        
               | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
               | Exactly. Nobody is going to be able to shovel that out by
               | hand in that extreme cold. It was -30 with the wind here
               | a couple days ago and it took my forever to shovel out
               | the driveway because I had to frequently stop and go back
               | inside to warm up. And that was just a small driveway
               | with a few inches.
        
               | plorg wrote:
               | The article mentions drifts as tall as houses. Even if
               | you could get a shovel or snowblower under that, where do
               | you put the snow? That's a ton of work!
        
               | postalrat wrote:
               | Snow drifts can go 20 feet or higher with no place to
               | shovel the snow to
        
               | jkepler wrote:
               | Could they dig or melt a tunnel to the wood? If the snow
               | were melted and then refroze as ice at the bottom of the
               | tunnel, one could then slid the wood back to the tunnel
               | entrance...
               | 
               | Hardship breeds creativity. Necessity is the mother of
               | invention (except under excessive government
               | intervention, which may be at the root of reservation
               | problems).
               | 
               | Maybe if we could calculate the present day market value
               | of all the land the US government stole from the Native
               | Americans (I've heard we broke nearly every treaty we
               | signed with the Native Americans... to our shame), that
               | could be structural payments to encourage entrepreneurial
               | activity on the reservation
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | How much experience do you have in -30F with meters of
               | accumulated snow? How much experience do you have digging
               | tunnels? Because your comment reads like a literal Loony
               | Toons episode, and I've never experienced below -10F or
               | more than a meter of snow.
        
               | postalrat wrote:
               | Sounds like bad idea. But assuming you have no choice and
               | need to leave your house you still need to put the snow
               | somewhere that you are digging out. Are you going to fill
               | up your house with it?
        
               | lazyasciiart wrote:
               | This idea sounds like literal murder.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | The odds of the snow caving in and being buried alive are
               | far greater than the risks of waiting to get plowed out.
        
             | Brian_K_White wrote:
             | Same, upstate NY as a teenager. A couple cords stacked a
             | few yards from the house, enough for the entire year. One
             | problem we would never have is heat, except that if the
             | power went out then some rooms would go cold with no way to
             | run fans to move the air around. But no one would freeze
             | because most of the house could be like a dry sauna.
             | 
             | I think in this case it must be more about a level of
             | poverty so extreme they can't even pull together the years
             | supply ahead of time, even if the community as a whole does
             | have it all ready.
             | 
             | Maybe they don't distribute it except it tiny amounts for
             | some reason? Maybe it gets stolen or sold?
             | 
             | I mean I can only assume that there is some reason they
             | can't do the sensible thing. I couldn't imagine risking
             | relying on daily or weekly deliveries of tiny armloads of
             | wood. I can only assume anyone doing that has no choice or
             | at least thinks they have no choice. I'm sure there are a
             | few individuals who are just, let's say thoughtless,
             | because there are always some, I'm not counting those.
        
             | CWuestefeld wrote:
             | That matches my experience. We'd typically have enough for
             | the winter stacked at the edge of the woods behind the
             | house, but maybe 1-2 weeks worth actually _on the porch_
             | under cover to ensure it was dry by the time it was needed.
             | 
             | (This was back in the late 70s to very early 80s, on
             | account of fuel costs, inflation, etc.)
        
           | qup wrote:
           | Supply of wood?
           | 
           | In my area people who don't cut their own just buy a cord or
           | whatever they need each fall. Enough to go through winter.
           | 
           | People who cut their own will generally have more than that.
           | 
           | The people I know have propane heaters for backup, with their
           | own tanks. I have a 500 gallon tank.
           | 
           | I'm not a prepper.
        
       | xyzelement wrote:
       | This triggered two thoughts for me.
       | 
       | First, how much of a killer the cold is. We've moved on from
       | "global warming" to "climate change" language but there are a lot
       | of places in the world that would be grateful for a few degree
       | temperature rise (such as Latvia where I am from). Today, cold
       | kills hundreds of thousands of people a year, while "heat deaths"
       | are limited to geriatrics in the "first world."
       | 
       | Second, preparedness. Most urbanites and suburbanites don't think
       | about the weather beyond high energy bills. But it's good to pay
       | attention to the fact that if it's 20 degrees or less out (as it
       | is today in NY) and power or gas goes out, your dwelling is going
       | to get real cold real fast. What's your plan? In our case we have
       | a fireplace which is mainly decorative (it doesn't actually warm
       | the house up beyond the immediate radiant heat) but if shit hits
       | the fan, we got firewood enough to huddle up by this fireplace
       | for a few days. Hopefully will never have to rely on it but you
       | kinda have to plan for some infrastructure failings at
       | inconvenient times.
       | 
       | To connect the thoughts together - here, it's not totally
       | uncommon to lose power. When it happens in the summer, it's
       | inconvenient - you are sweaty and hot. If it happens in the
       | winter, there's real risk of death.
        
         | arlort wrote:
         | The whole world being a couple degrees hotter is not guaranteed
         | to be equally distributed. The reason why Latvia, and most of
         | "Northern" Europe is livable instead of a frozen wasteland is
         | due to climate mechanisms that we're not entirely sure how
         | sensitive they are to climate change
         | 
         | It might get a bit warmer, it might get a lot hotter or it
         | might even get a whole lot colder
         | 
         | Climate change is a better term because the change itself is
         | unpredictable and likely damaging in the short term
        
           | nazgulsenpai wrote:
           | I don't disagree with your logic but your conclusion that one
           | term is better than the other. The globe is warming, and
           | individual climates are changing as a result. One is not a
           | better term then the other, people are just using the wrong
           | terms to suit their agendas.
        
             | arlort wrote:
             | In an ideal world I'd agree, but since one term is
             | dramatically easier to misrepresent I still think the
             | equivalent but more understandable term is better
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | > "heat deaths" are limited to geriatrics in the "first world."
         | 
         | There are multiple parts of the world approaching the point of
         | "so hot post-climate-change that you can't survive without air
         | conditioning" at this point, it's not a first world problem.
         | 
         | See the map in https://climate.nasa.gov/ask-nasa-
         | climate/3151/too-hot-to-ha... to get a sense of how it's an
         | increasingly global problem.
         | 
         | As a result eventually power loss will be able to kill you in
         | the summer, too, depending on where you live.
        
           | slibhb wrote:
           | This claim has been made, but it turned out not to be true
           | (so far). I.e. everyone without AC did not die when the wet
           | bulb temperature exceeded the apparent limit:
           | https://www.almendron.com/tribuna/the-mysteriously-low-
           | death...
        
           | xyzelement wrote:
           | Maybe? I am talking about today. The only number of heat
           | deaths I see on this site is average in the US and its like
           | 100-something, likely more related to the aging of the
           | population than anything else.
           | 
           | To be honest I skimmed this article a few times rather that
           | read it but I don't see anything that points to heat being
           | anything close to the magnitude killer that cold is today.
           | (although apparently in the US heat is a bigger deal probably
           | because we are well equipped to handle both and don't have
           | old people taking walks in freezing weather but they venture
           | out in the summer)
        
         | anderber wrote:
         | > there are a lot of places in the world that would be grateful
         | for a few degree temperature rise
         | 
         | That's not how global warming works. It's not a "everywhere
         | will go up 1 degree". It causes more extremes. Hot places can
         | get hotter, cold places colder, but overall, the average goes
         | up.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | The most intuitive way I've heard it explained is that of a
           | long-tailed bell-curve. The mean temperature may only move a
           | few degrees but it causes a more dramatic relative increase
           | in the amount of area under the extreme values.
        
         | carbocation wrote:
         | Minimizing the fact that real humans die from overheating
         | tarnishes an otherwise interesting comment.
        
           | kzrdude wrote:
           | We don't need that every comment is written with an universal
           | viewpoint and covering all the bases. It's a conversation
           | here, not an encyclopedia.
        
           | xyzelement wrote:
           | I am not minimizing but comparing two sources of danger.
        
           | core-utility wrote:
           | And that the advent of climate control (Air Conditioning)
           | have significantly minimized heat deaths and allowed humans
           | to live in climates that would have historically been
           | impossible.
        
             | ilyt wrote:
             | Well, unless you're poor, fuck you then
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | Net zero will make this more common, sadly, either through
         | energy insecurity or people being unable to afford to heat
         | their homes.
        
           | starkd wrote:
           | I can't imagine what people in upstate NY are going to do in
           | temperatures like this with only a heat pump, since they are
           | trying to transition everyone off gas or oil. A heat pump is
           | next to worthless in sub zero temps. Many will use wood.
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | Energy will be far cheaper when we switch to a fossil fuel
           | free grid, because the newer technologies are cheaper, and
           | unlike fossil fuels they are on a decreasing cost tech curve.
           | So the sooner we build out the tech, the sooner prices fall.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Is this true? It contradicts everything I know about
             | energy. Can you post some evidence?
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | Here's a paper that is the best single source of
               | quantification of learning curves that I know of:
               | 
               | https://www.inet.ox.ac.uk/publications/no-2021-01-empiric
               | all...
               | 
               | With a detailed podcast episode here:
               | 
               | https://xenetwork.org/ets/episodes/episode-159-the-cost-
               | of-d...
               | 
               | But any single paper in the literature shouldn't be
               | trusted on its own. So I would encourage anybody who is
               | interested to look for themselves at cost curves over
               | time for solar wind and storage, and notice how they all
               | follow Wright's law very well. And then look at the ever-
               | increasing cost of fossil fuel extraction, as we need
               | ever more sophisticated techniques to continue matching
               | supply to demand as the easier sources are extracted.
               | 
               | Wind solar and storage behave like proper technologies.
               | Fracking did to some extent, but it is technology for
               | making something that was impossible into the possible;
               | and there's finite amounts of frackable resources. Oil
               | and natural gas have price floors set by these fracking
               | costs, which have not dropped precipitously in the past
               | 10 years.
               | 
               | We have not yet reached the inflection points on wind
               | water and solar where the logistic curve switches to the
               | linear phase. So we likely have decades of similar cost
               | reductions for these technologies, almost certainly. If
               | you look at where that leaves us for an energy future,
               | it's unbelievably rosy. That is, as long as we invest in
               | the tech.
        
             | starkd wrote:
             | During the winter, and in storms like this, solar and wind
             | is almost nil. Upstate NY gets very cold. And they are
             | mandating people transition away from oil or gas into using
             | heat pumps. Heat pumps are next to worthless in subzero
             | weather. Oh, and they are also trying to phase out nuclear.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I think the ultimate combo will be air source heat pumps
               | and pellet stoves.
               | 
               | Pellet stoves should keep the insurance companies happy.
               | Semi-renewable fuel. Semi-automated operation with
               | minimal fire risk.
               | 
               | Not much more expensive than nat gas, much cheaper than
               | oil and propane, and most importantly: no nat gas
               | network/connection/account/delivery charge.
        
               | starkd wrote:
               | How are pellets semi-renewable? Pellets are still burned
               | up. Are the ashes re-used?
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | Pellets come from atmospheric CO2.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Of course you re-use the ashes. Great source of potassium
               | for the garden. The modern day fertilizer potassium-
               | source isn't called "potash" for nothing.
               | 
               | Improves traction on ice, and could melt snow if it's
               | close enough to freezing.
               | 
               | Could also make soap with it if you wanted to get really
               | creative. Or bricks or mortar (or a concrete supplement).
        
         | mysterydip wrote:
         | In addition to the above, learn how to start a fire in your
         | fireplace. I had used up my last (easy start) duraflame log a
         | few days ago. "No problem," I thought to myself, "I have this
         | pile of firewood here to use." Fortunately I wasn't under a
         | time crunch to get it started, because I failed on a few
         | attempts, had to forage for some kindling, etc.
        
           | starkd wrote:
           | Old newspaper used to work well for kindling. But fewer
           | people get their newspapers delivered in print. Used paper
           | grocery bags could work.
        
             | Avicebron wrote:
             | Also proper organization of the wood, I have a wood stove
             | (had one growing up as well) and learning how to build a
             | little pyramid or log cabin like structure around something
             | flammable helps a lot to circulate air allowing the fire to
             | spread to larger pieces of wood. EDIT: old newspaper is
             | good, I often use "junk mail" as long as it doesn't contain
             | any plastic, where I am stores will still send out some
             | paper flyers.
        
               | PenguinCoder wrote:
               | Don't discount using dryer lint and left over cooking
               | grease as a starter. I have a woodstove at the house, and
               | I use both to get it going. Left over bacon grease on a
               | few paper towels with dryer lint around/on top of it, and
               | a few smaller pieces of soft wood like pine.
               | Larger/heaver wood on top and behind it like oak. Make
               | sure to also pre-heat the exhaust vent pipe, get a draft
               | of air going.
        
               | mysterydip wrote:
               | Hadn't thought of dryer lint, with three kids I have that
               | in abundance!
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > Make sure to also pre-heat the exhaust vent pipe, get a
               | draft of air going.
               | 
               | How does one do that?
        
               | PenguinCoder wrote:
               | After stocking the woodstove and building the base, I get
               | a wad of newspaper and put dryer lint in it. Then put the
               | wad on top of the log pile right under the flue/exhaust
               | pipe and light it. Then immediately light the rest of my
               | kindling to get the fire going.
        
               | nkurz wrote:
               | If you can start with a hot fire and sufficient kindling,
               | you don't always need to do it as a separate step, but
               | otherwise you can burn crumpled newspaper, use a
               | hairdryer or heat gun, or sometimes even a large candle.
               | If the room temp is higher than the outside, sometimes
               | just a fan is enough.
        
           | ericd wrote:
           | This stuff is amazing: https://www.fatwood.com/
           | 
           | Two little sticks of that, and you can mostly skip the super-
           | thin kindling in favor of sticks.
        
         | smcl wrote:
         | > We've moved on from "global warming" to "climate change"
         | language
         | 
         | Presumably because during winter certain people would point at
         | a freak snowstorm and say "so much for global warming!" to try
         | to minimise it (tbh they still do). Temperature rising has a
         | few more side-effects than just your winter being milder by
         | 1-2C, I think using a different term is entirely appropriate
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | No, because they are both accurate descriptions, but "global
           | warming" is talking about the average temp. Even as the
           | average goes up, the standard deviation could change too,
           | meaning that even with higher average temp, there can be
           | bigger and colder winter storms, which are balanced out by
           | even higher temps the rest of the time.
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | There were studies 10-20 years ago predicting that global
             | warming will bring with it completely unpredictable weather
             | and harsher extremes in both directions.
        
               | throw_nbvc1234 wrote:
               | Do any governments or institutions have a live(ish)
               | updating model of "what would happen" if trends continue?
               | People reference studies all the time but what's the
               | currently accepted model/outcome in the scientific
               | community?
               | 
               | I remember hearing that melting of the ice caps will stop
               | current flows in the ocean and bring about an ice age. Is
               | that actually a thing or just fake news?
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | It's difficult, like the difference between knowing a car
               | is going crash and being able to estimate how it will
               | look afterward. You can (to some extent) access these
               | models and try them out yourself: https://juliahub.com/ui
               | /Packages/ClimateModels/dFyeI/0.2.15
        
               | pvaldes wrote:
               | Is a real concern. Half of Europe is "kissed" by tropical
               | seawater running from the Gulf of Mexico towards Russia.
               | This hot water creates a warmer than expected climate in
               | the coastal areas. Portugal, UK, Denmark, Norway... all
               | is warmer that it should be. If this current stops
               | flowing or is weakened things will suck real fast.
        
               | aaomidi wrote:
               | One of the things is a weakening jet stream which has
               | caused all the recent havoc on getting cold polar air
               | come inland.
               | 
               | This is why climate change vs global warming. We're in
               | for a hell of winters in the US as the jet stream
               | weakens.
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | Wait, why "No"? We're saying the same thing in different
             | way.
             | 
             | you:
             | 
             | > meaning that even with higher average temp, there can be
             | bigger and colder winter storms
             | 
             | me:
             | 
             | > Temperature rising has a few more side-effects than just
             | your winter being milder by 1-2C
        
               | kzrdude wrote:
               | Another thing we can spell out is that the rising average
               | temperature is an average over the whole year, over the
               | whole planet. I.e any particular location or country
               | could have a sinking average temperature.
        
           | macinjosh wrote:
           | The same thing happens on the flip side. I have a coworker
           | who genuinely believes every big hurricane is caused by
           | global warming and that if it wasn't for global warming it
           | would snow more.
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | Well that just goes to show that it's possible to be either
             | naive and broadly in agreement with scientific consensus
             | _or_ naive and in agreement with some loud non-scientists
             | who live in the TV and give you the news :)
             | 
             | I guess the harm in the former is that they'll be held up
             | in bad-faith in a similar manner to the "so much for
             | climate change" argument.
        
         | dragoncrab wrote:
         | Heat is less likely to kill you directly if you aren't forced
         | to do physical work without any protection. However, tens of
         | thousands of square kilometers of agricultural land is turned
         | to desert in Central Europe with every single degree the yearly
         | average temperature rises. Droughts are decimating crops made
         | for prices skyrocket even before the war in Ukraine. That has
         | some harder to attribute but none of the less serious killer
         | potential.
         | 
         | On your other thoughts: I live in a well insulated home (30 cm
         | brick wall with 18 cm graphite insulation). With a 30 celsius
         | difference in internal and external temperature and no heating,
         | my living room drops about 1,5 - 2 Celsius a day. Starting from
         | 21, that gives a week before situation starts to become
         | serrious during a complete blackout.
        
           | mderazon wrote:
           | Interesting, can you explain more about this type of
           | insulation?
        
             | antisthenes wrote:
             | It's just polystyrene. The graphite is a marketing term
             | that doesn't have much to do with the material properties.
        
           | nikanj wrote:
           | Heat has a well-defined kills-you-automatically limit of ~35
           | celsius wet bulb temperature. There isn't a similar limit for
           | cold.
        
           | NorwegianDude wrote:
           | That temperature drop sounds very unlikely. If you live in a
           | well insulated home then you must have ventilation too, and
           | that alone should replace the air inside multiple times each
           | day.
        
           | wizwit999 wrote:
           | I mean it works both ways, e.g. thousands of sq km of Russia
           | and Canada become would likely become fertile agricultural
           | land.
        
         | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
         | I'm not a fan of either of those terms. "Climate instability"
         | seems a better way to depict what's going on. "Climate
         | abnormalities", "climate volatility", etc.
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | I'm perplexed how folks using gas or wood apparently have less
         | than a week or two worth of heating stored. Back when I lived
         | in small village we always had at least month+ (not too
         | uncommon to buy the supply for whole winter too) worth of
         | coal/wood there.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Wood is usually cheaper if you buy it green and season it
           | yourself, but it's a situation where it's expensive to be
           | poor so maybe they buy it dried or as needed through winter.
           | 
           | You can burn green wood, it'll just be harder to start/less
           | efficient. If you have no choice...
           | 
           | Wood pellets are usually cheaper in summer (and often not
           | much more expensive than firewood once you account for the
           | higher efficiences of pellet stoves).
        
         | starkd wrote:
         | If you put a woodstove insert into the fireplace, you will get
         | a lot more heat radiated into the house.
        
         | giardini wrote:
         | Is the fireplace ready to use? Is it clear of obstructions
         | (e.g., birds, bats and insect nests)? Have you cleared out any
         | "creosote" (deposition from incomplete past combustion) which
         | can make the chimney burn like a jet engine (very exciting)?
         | 
         | Actually started a fire in the chimney and keeping it burning
         | safely for several days can be enlightening (i hesitate to say
         | "fun", except for the children). Try it with someone
         | knowledgeable assisting. Keep fire extinguishers (emphasis on
         | the plural) handy.
        
           | glogla wrote:
           | Moreover, the way fireplaces work is that the fire heats up
           | some kind of heavy construction (cast iron, brick, etc) and
           | that then radiates heat. Not every fireplace is built that
           | way - some of them are decorative and will actually make you
           | colder.
           | 
           | Quite a few people found out in not a nice way last time
           | Texas has winter storm.
        
             | ilyt wrote:
             | Yeah if you want to rely on it as heat source you should
             | probably get something modern that doesn't waste exhaust
             | heat and doesn't suck the air out of the room getting more
             | cold air in. Not just "a hole in a roof above a fire".
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | I am the original poster. As I said in my post, the
               | fireplace is mainly decorative and we are NOT relying on
               | it for heat. However it is our plan B/C if shit hits the
               | fan, in which case huddling the family in front of the
               | radiant fire is a much preferable alternative to dying of
               | cold, efficiency aside.
        
         | m4rtink wrote:
         | Well, wet heat (35+ degrees Celsius and 90+ humidity) can
         | potentially kill you as well, as you might not be able to keep
         | your body temperature within safe range by sweating.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | maria2 wrote:
         | Very few places use electricity for heat. It's super
         | inefficient unless you use a heat pump, and residential heat
         | pumps typically don't work too far below freezing.
        
           | vitaflo wrote:
           | Most furnaces require electricity to run even if the heat
           | isn't generated by electricity.
        
             | xyzelement wrote:
             | Exactly
        
           | astura wrote:
           | Very few? Maybe for single family homes, but electric heat is
           | very common in apartments - Every apartment I've ever lived
           | in had electric baseboard heaters.
           | 
           | Apparently it's #2 is the US with 37% of homes.
           | 
           | https://www.climatecentral.org/news/your-heating-fuel-
           | depend...
           | 
           | Now that I live in a single family house I use oil to heat
           | the house - but the boiler requires electricity.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | 37% makes sense. When you live in a moderate climate and
             | minimally need heating, low capex and high opex makes
             | sense.
             | 
             | Too bad so many air conditioners don't have reversing
             | valves. One day I want to install a window-shaker "the
             | wrong way" and see how well it works as a heater.
             | 
             | As an alternative, one could put water containers in their
             | freezer and throw the ice outside as it freezes as a
             | rudimentary sneakernet liquid<-> solid phase change heat
             | pump.
        
       | tw98521358 wrote:
       | Seems like it would be the last thing I'd burn for warmth...
        
         | AngryData wrote:
         | Depends on how much they have. Bulk used clothes can be had for
         | incredibly cheap, to the point where it can be cheaper than
         | wood. And after decades of people building up old worn out
         | clothes you will have a lot of relatively worthless cloth
         | material. There are places in the world where burning clothes
         | isn't uncommon at all because they receive so much clothing
         | waste from the rest of the world attempting and failing to not
         | throw them into landfills.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Sadly it's increasingly polyester/nylon/spandex and such.
           | Cotton would be pretty clean to burn, but would burn very
           | quickly.
        
         | tbran wrote:
         | Then I guess you know how desperate they are.
        
         | eternityforest wrote:
         | There's only so many you can put on at once, and they're one of
         | the cheaper things people own these days.
        
           | tw98521358 wrote:
           | But they would burn terribly, clog your chimney, and are more
           | effective when worn.
        
             | PM_me_your_math wrote:
             | It just seems to me that they would be more effective if
             | worn. Even if they don't fit, cut them up and stitch up
             | gloves and cover-ups.
        
               | pigsty wrote:
               | I'm not asking this to be condescending, but have you
               | ever felt cold?
               | 
               | My hands lose all dexterity entirely in winter. With
               | sufficiently cold weather my hands are either cold,
               | stiff, and in pain, or I'm wearing gloves that are too
               | bulky to be useful for anything other than crudely
               | gripping large objects or swatting things away. These
               | people are experiencing cold beyond what I've ever
               | experienced, so I can't even begin to imagine how much
               | worse it is.
               | 
               | If people are burning things for warmth, they are
               | absolutely not going to be holding a needle.
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | well the article cites -20 I assume based on area F so ~
               | -7C
               | 
               | ...really -7C is cold beyond what you ever experienced ?
               | It's not too bad. I'd imagine the main problem is if
               | those temperatures are rare just nobody have proper
               | clothes to handle it
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | -20 F is -29.6C
               | 
               | -20 C is ~ -7F
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | No, what I did is 20F to ~ -7C
               | 
               | I hate that fucking stupid unit
               | 
               | But yeah, that's "my face hurt being outside" kind of bad
               | ;/
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | __jambo wrote:
           | You can still use them for insulation.. I doubt polyester or
           | cotton would burn very long.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | Don't need them to burn for very long, cotton should have
             | roughly the same energy density as wood by weight. Burning
             | bags of cold clothes that don't fit isn't that bad of an
             | idea.
             | 
             | Negative teens is brutal, even a well insulated house loses
             | a lot of heat if you want it comfortable but there's a big
             | range between uncomfortable and dead. -15f to 30f is the
             | same difference as 30f and 75f.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | > same energy density as wood by weight
               | 
               | which means they'll provide a few minutes of heat at
               | best. You'd be better off using them as blankets or
               | letting some water freeze them into scoop shapes and
               | turning them into makeshift shovels.
               | 
               | They also aren't going to burn nearly as cleanly as wood,
               | meaning the burn will be far less efficient.
               | 
               | Depending on the size of area that you're heating,
               | getting from -15 to 30F will take at least a solid hour
               | of burning cleanly.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | It isn't going to be clean burning, but the clothes are
               | presumably bone dry which helps.
               | 
               | Really though it's not about how good an energy source
               | this is, but just how much old junk people have. I have
               | seen people toss several hundred pounds of old clothes
               | that don't have any real value. It's the same with old
               | books they don't burn that well but when you have a half
               | a ton you might as well burn em vs toss them in a
               | landfill.
        
             | samwillis wrote:
             | Insulation doesn't provide warmth, it only reduces the rate
             | of heat loss. If it's already so cold you are looking for
             | things in your home to burn for heat, using clothes to
             | insulate it (rather than burn them) isn't going to help.
             | 
             | But that's not the point, the dire situation with little
             | support is the point.
        
               | mcbits wrote:
               | You don't insulate the house; you insulate your body. If
               | you're at the point of burning clothes to heat the house,
               | heating the house is already a lost cause unless you have
               | a _lot_ of clothes.
        
         | badrabbit wrote:
         | Yeah, i had to burn furniture once in a slightly similar freeze
         | situation.
        
           | fbdab103 wrote:
           | In a survival situation, do what you have to do. That being
           | said, I suspect you really do not want to be next to a
           | modern-furniture fire. Almost certainly full of the worst
           | glues, insecticides, anti-flammables (ha), etc.
        
       | calltrak wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | I could make a horrible joke that at least lithium batteries in
       | an EV would burn for days if not weeks for warmth.
       | 
       | But if I had to suffer by boiling in a desert vs sub-freezing
       | cold stealing all heat, I would take the boiling, freezing feels
       | like death way before it happens.
       | 
       | I imagine too much modern comfort somehow dulls survival prep and
       | caution in the winter in those areas. Too many "easy" winters and
       | caution fades just like people in Florida who avoid hurricanes
       | for several years disregard warnings about a new one to their
       | downfall.
        
         | doodlebugging wrote:
         | >But if I had to suffer by boiling in a desert vs sub-freezing
         | cold stealing all heat, I would take the boiling, freezing
         | feels like death way before it happens.
         | 
         | This reminded me of an old poem by Robert Frost memorized back
         | in grade school - Fire and Ice.
         | 
         | [0]https://poets.org/poem/fire-and-ice
        
           | ck2 wrote:
           | That was fascinating, thank you for enlightening me to it.
        
       | michael_vo wrote:
       | I always wonder why the military isn't used in these situations.
       | Can't they airdrop supplies easily? Isn't there a gigantic unused
       | workforce that could shovel people out?
        
         | nikanj wrote:
         | Soldiers aren't any more weatherproof than normal humans.
         | Working in those temperatures is equally deadly for them and
         | civilians
        
           | therealdrag0 wrote:
           | Good equipment can go a long ways. In fact another post says
           | the national guard IS being sent.
        
       | lumb63 wrote:
       | I'm astounded by the family who didn't feed their infant for 4
       | days because they couldn't get formula. Isn't breast feeding
       | preferable to your child starving to death?
        
         | cloudify wrote:
         | I'm likely astounded some people are not aware that not every
         | women can breastfeed their children
        
           | rightbyte wrote:
           | I don't think one should be angry at people that are wrong. I
           | mean, unless he asked and someone told him he might have gone
           | around thinking they choose to let the baby starve etc.
        
             | jcoder wrote:
             | Astounded != angry does it?
        
         | hpaavola wrote:
         | Milk production might not start at all, it might start but ends
         | unless used.
        
         | djha-skin wrote:
         | When you haven't breastfeed your baby the entirety of their
         | infancy the breast milk dries up. The mother can no longer
         | breastfeed their baby because their body thinks that their baby
         | is all grown up (or dead) because it hasn't been drinking the
         | milk.
         | 
         | You can't just choose to breastfeed on a dime like that, you
         | have to breastfeed from the beginning and continue on to keep
         | up the milk supply. This is of course assuming you have
         | sufficient capacity in the breasts to keep the baby alive in
         | the first place, something not all women have these days.
        
         | kevingadd wrote:
         | Breast feeding is not always possible, some women are unable to
         | nurse for various reasons and in some rare cases babies can
         | have an allergic reaction to things in their mother's breast
         | milk (that makes it way in from the mother's diet). There are
         | probably other reasons I'm not aware of that could be in play,
         | too.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | Some women just can't. I guess they didn't have cow milk or
         | whatever either.
         | 
         | Otherwise, I guess feeding the baby cow milk is preferable to
         | not eating?
        
         | spicyusername wrote:
         | Doesn't work like that friend.
        
       | pvaldes wrote:
       | Modern people really has lost the old skill to analyze problems
       | creatively
       | 
       | https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-t-sh...
       | 
       | And I'm not dismissing the situation or laughing about other's
       | misery, but it looks like a poor solution
        
         | the_only_law wrote:
         | So what your solution is some idiotic record stunt instead? Put
         | so many shirts that you can't see and barely move? Nah I'll
         | just burn shit. Also that record is from 2019. In what
         | delusional universe is 2019 not "modern people".
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | > Put so many shirts that you can't see and barely move?
           | 
           | Don't argue the metaphor. I know that you understand the
           | general idea.
           | 
           | Yep, "My" solution is "put this clothes in your own body
           | instead to burn them, and will warm you for a much much,
           | longer time". Hardly original or controversial.
           | 
           | If the options are ridiculous but alive or stilish and
           | frozen, seems an easy choice
        
             | the_only_law wrote:
             | What in earth does any of that even mean? What the fuck is
             | an "alive" or "stilish" option. You seem to be writing
             | complete nonsense. Did you have a stroke?
        
               | pvaldes wrote:
               | > What is an "alive" or "stilish" option
               | 
               | alive means: having life, living
               | 
               | stilish (should be written stylish in fact, my bad)
               | means: conforming to the current fashion
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | I'm very well alive means in a vacuum, but what makes an
               | option (in this case I'm assuming an article of clothing
               | , but it's hard to tell as this seems to be mostly
               | unintelligible ramble) "alive" as opposed to perhaps
               | "dead".
        
       | DarkmSparks wrote:
       | Im not saying the Russians have weather modification tech but...
       | someone has been poking the sleeping bear.
        
       | mark336 wrote:
       | The National Gaurd was been called out to help 2 days ago. If you
       | want to donate
       | https://friendsofpineridgereservation.org/a-blankets-quilts-...
        
       | defaultcompany wrote:
       | I wonder if there could be some kind of inland Cajun Navy [1]
       | which operates using trucks and plows or snowmobiles instead of
       | boats for disasters like this. Although given the remoteness and
       | conditions this just might not be possible.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajun_Navy?wprov=sfti1
        
       | jethkl wrote:
       | From TFA: "Our wood pile remains inaccessible." They have wood
       | but they cannot reach it to make deliveries to people in the
       | area. Several decades ago, I recall driving along I90 in SD a few
       | days after a large storm, and we saw drifts as tall as the
       | highway underpasses. It was incredible. Driven snow takes on a
       | texture that is different from powder, more like soft concrete.
       | When the snow is sufficiently deep, there is no place to put it
       | even if you are able to shovel or plow it.
        
         | xyzelement wrote:
         | I am sure I don't understand the nuances of this situation but
         | it seems a major failure of foresight and your emergency
         | supplies should be stored so that they are accessible where
         | they are needed if shit hits the fan.
        
           | x0x0 wrote:
           | Not sure how they can deliver firewood when the roads are
           | impassible. And in very heavy snowfall -- esp dry powder that
           | you get when the air is, and stays, very cold -- you'll
           | continue to get significant amounts of snow on the roads long
           | after it stops snowing as the wind blows it onto the road.
           | 
           | Additionally, a well-maintained suv with 4wd and snow tires
           | isn't a cheap thing to own and maintain.
           | 
           | And if you get your car stuck somewhere with wind chills
           | dipping to -50F, dying of hypothermia is a possible and/or
           | likely outcome.
           | 
           | You can really tell who has never lived through a serious
           | winter.
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | In the winter the firewood should be stored right next to
             | the house, some of it inside the house. In fact the wood
             | that you intend to burn now should be inside the house
             | otherwise when you put it on the fire it will depress the
             | fire. I have one day of firewood stacked next to the
             | woodburner and several weeks in the vindfang (an unheated
             | porch with doors both sides). The rest is stacked at the
             | back of the house and it would be accessible even if a
             | drift buried the house assuming that we are just averagely
             | fit.
             | 
             | We aren't preppers but it makes no sense to rely on just in
             | time deliveries in midwinter so we buy or otherwise obtain
             | the wood for most of the winter in October or November
        
               | jethkl wrote:
               | Firewood deliveries have been a regular occurrence in
               | past years [0,1]. It seems plausible that these past
               | deliveries established a central place where wood is
               | stored, and it also established a local norm where
               | firewood is distributed. Also, this is the high plains
               | where trees grow near rivers but basically don't grow in
               | outlying areas, with the result that general access to
               | wood is not easy for everyone. So it's also plausible
               | that local conditions have established another local norm
               | where maintaining a 3 month stash of firewood is just not
               | done.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.forestsandrangelands.gov/documents/succes
               | s/rushm...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.blackhillsfox.com/content/news/Military-
               | supplies...
        
             | throwawaysleep wrote:
             | You store firewood for heating at your house for
             | emergencies. The solution is a pile, not an SUV.
        
       | benevol wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | bushbaba wrote:
       | Can reservations call in the national guard. Seems like such the
       | situation to ask for military to step in to assist and evacuate
       | (or drop supplies to) stranded families.
        
       | imglorp wrote:
       | For some context from someone who's been on that Res, its
       | population is highly vulnerable with no margin for mishaps. It's
       | a place of generational, crushing poverty, crime, illness,
       | genetic-exacerbated substance abuse, broad lack of economic
       | opportunity, cultural isolation, and federal disinvestment.
       | 
       | Free federal healthcare is available, but only at an IHS hospital
       | in Rapid City 1.5 hours away in good weather: it's antiquated and
       | maximally bureaucratic and probably lower standards of care than
       | your vet provides.
       | 
       | The local Habitat for Humanity chapter (I served on their board)
       | tried to help them with community housing efforts, but houses
       | were always gutted of all fixtures before completion.
       | 
       | IMO, at a minimum, the IHS (and the VA) need to merge under
       | Medicare for standardization, availability, and economics of
       | scale and industry needs incentives to bring employment
       | opportunities (I think Cisco tried once and bailed).
        
         | Ntrails wrote:
         | > genetic-exacerbated substance abuse
         | 
         | Could you expand on this a bit? Not a concept I am familiar
         | with
        
           | _dain_ wrote:
           | populations differ in how well they can handle booze. this
           | has been known since Roman times; various authors wrote how
           | the Germans were more prone to alcoholism than Latins, an
           | ethnic difference that persists to this day.
           | 
           | native americans have it particularly bad, and have for
           | centuries. colonist traders exploited it for profit,
           | missionaries tried to stamp it out, Indian leaders often
           | campaigned to keep rum out of their territories, etc.
        
           | gedy wrote:
           | Not the OP, but I think a larger factor here is fetal alcohol
           | exposure, not epigenetics.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | Not parent, but this is a generally accepted thing, e.g.
           | 
           | https://www.bumc.bu.edu/genetics/research/substance-abuse/
        
             | ffssffss wrote:
             | That paper also seems to heavily qualify the findings,
             | implying that environmental factors may dominate genetic
             | ones (or may not, the point is that we don't know):
             | 
             |  _However, these loci explain only a small proportion of
             | the genetic variance. The "missing heritability" may be
             | explained by other genetic mechanisms and gene*environment
             | interactions_
        
           | imglorp wrote:
           | There are definitely some social/environmental factors but
           | there's enough anecdotal smoke around a genetic
           | predisposition in some populations that the search for fire
           | and causation is underway.
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9603607/
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30852706/
        
           | boomboomsubban wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_and_Native_Americans#G.
           | ..
           | 
           | Alcoholism rates among Native Americans is higher than most
           | groups, which leads some to suspect a genetic reason.
           | Currently, there isn't a ton of evidence supporting that
           | idea.
        
             | imoverclocked wrote:
             | There is also severe distrust of western medicine and
             | science in many Native American communities which makes
             | doing studies hard.
        
             | Ntrails wrote:
             | I knew about the alcoholism rates, but had always assumed
             | it was a socio-economic / situational driven thing.
             | 
             | I understand that historically it was used in some sense to
             | control and indeed damage the Native Americans by the
             | colonists? To what extent alcohol was completely new etc I
             | do not know
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | It is very hard to tease genetic factors out from socio-
               | economic ones, but IMHO it seems plausible that a
               | population that has been exposed to alcohol for a long
               | time (hundreds of generations) may have been better
               | selected for higher tolerance than a population that has
               | been exposed only recently (a few dozen generations, and
               | with modern technology making selection pressure lower in
               | general).
        
               | LarsDu88 wrote:
               | I think one thing to clarify here is that western
               | Europeans have thousands of years of history brewing and
               | drinking alcoholic beverages, but it was only in the past
               | 250 years that heavily DISTILLED alcoholic beverages like
               | whiskey at affordable prices became a thing. Have greater
               | than 5 percent ABV in a beverage would've been a bit
               | rarer preindustrial revolution I believe. Even heavily
               | DISTILLED high proof colonial rum was quite expensive and
               | typically mixed into punch water to bring down it's
               | concentration. Mass production and lowering costs were
               | what triggered the alcoholism epidemic and temperance
               | movements of the late 19th and early 20th century.
               | 
               | Drinking in northern Europe does have a way longer and
               | more entrenched history than elsewhere though. Colonial
               | men women and children all drank watered down rum and
               | beer which were more hygienic than water. In China, by
               | contrast, half of the population gets Asian flush and
               | cannot tolerate alcohol, and there is a strong
               | traditional culture of boiling water and drinking tea!
        
               | blacksmith_tb wrote:
               | As a long-time tea drinker it was a shock to realize that
               | while tea is pretty good for you, historically its
               | biggest health contribution has been in drinking boiled
               | (or almost boiled) water, not those catechins or
               | l-theanine...
        
               | kevinmchugh wrote:
               | The evo-bio story of alcohol is confusing though, since
               | fermentation has been present in East Asia as long as
               | anywhere, and there's a large part of the population
               | there that has the alcohol flush reaction.
               | 
               | You could tell the story as like, alcohol puts pressure
               | on a population to evolve better responses, and with
               | enough time the flush evolves and that helps limit
               | drinking. But that's pretty just-so.
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | Yeah, I'm not saying that this is actually true, only
               | that it's not absurd on its face. As I understand it (and
               | I am absolutely not an expert here) North American
               | indigenous populations separated from Asians at the end
               | of the ice age, i.e. ~10,000 years ago, and since then
               | had no exposure to alcohol. That seems like plenty of
               | time for genetic predisposition to alcohol tolerance to
               | be reduced. So it's _possible_ and worthy of serious
               | consideration and investigation. Whether it 's actually
               | _true_ is a completely different question, one where the
               | jury is still pretty clearly out.
        
               | LarsDu88 wrote:
               | This is simply not true. Indigenous peoples of
               | mesoamerica have drunk fermented maize beverages for as
               | long as maize has been cultivated. Tejuino is still a
               | quite popular drink in Mexico.
               | 
               | Arguably what has changed is the ABV of such beverages.
               | Post-industrial alcohol percentages are way higher than
               | what precolonial mesoamericans, ancient Greeks, and
               | vikings we're drinking
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | > Indigenous peoples of mesoamerica
               | 
               | OK, but Pine Ridge is in North America. There could have
               | been enough isolation in pre-Columbian times for north
               | American indigenous to evolve a different alcohol
               | response from mesoamericans.
               | 
               | Like I said: I am not an expert, and I have no idea
               | whether this hypothesis is true or not. I'm just not
               | aware of any facts that would rule it out.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | > You could tell the story as like, alcohol puts pressure
               | on a population to evolve better responses, and with
               | enough time the flush evolves and that helps limit
               | drinking. But that's pretty just-so.
               | 
               | The "alcohol flush" reaction seems to be genetically
               | conserved in Asia because it gives resistance to rice
               | pathogens not because it protects against "alcoholism".
        
               | SSLy wrote:
               | 18th century was only 7 generations ago, not "a few
               | dozen".
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | >To what extent alcohol was completely new etc I do not
               | know
               | 
               | Kind of a tricky question that is somewhat covered in my
               | link. Alcohol was definitely brewed in the Americas pre-
               | Columbus, but by the seventeenth century alcohol was
               | largely unknown to the Natives interacting with the
               | colonists.
        
               | LarsDu88 wrote:
               | Tejuino is a precolonial alcoholic beverage that is still
               | enjoyed today. It's ABV is incredibly low compared to
               | anything you'd buy in a modern 7/11 however.
               | 
               | The tarahumara people's have more alcoholic version
               | called tesguino that is only drunk once per year as the
               | preparation process is labor intensive, and the drink
               | goes bad rather quickly
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I think your points add much needed nuance, but isn't
               | there a possibility that both are true? I.e., both your
               | examples may be true for Native Americans in present-day
               | Mexico while the OP's point could be true for other
               | groups like the Lakota at Pine Ridge. (I'm not claiming
               | any knowledge on the subject, just questioning whether
               | both points have to be mutually exclusive)
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | I always wonder how much was lost in the population crash
               | caused by the introduction of old world diseases.
        
               | citizenpaul wrote:
               | >socio-economic / situational driven thing
               | 
               | It is. All this new age everyone is a victim BS is
               | exactly that. Why? Because having "victims" to treat is
               | very, very profitable.
               | 
               | I do agree that a certain percent of people are more
               | prone to addiction. However at the end of the day it is
               | your choice to stop before it gets bad. Except that no
               | longer is the case, everyone is a victim that can't help
               | themselves. They need to be coddled like an infant while
               | they are a 50yo adult...
               | 
               | I do not come from a good background myself. I know the
               | hardships and I watched the majority of the people around
               | me shrug and make bad choices again and again even when
               | there were good options available. Before you get all
               | judgey on my privilege.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | mathieuh wrote:
               | What a callous way to look at the world.
        
               | citizenpaul wrote:
               | A single opinion on a single subject is not a sweeping
               | view of the entire world. Despite being treated as
               | disposable trash by the world I actually have
               | unflattering but overall optimistic view of the world. I
               | believe people are mostly good but more selfish.
               | 
               | All these problems are not from lack of help but lack of
               | personal empowerment. The world has this deranged flow to
               | it lately that people "need" help on the most basic
               | survival aspects of life. It has become profitable to
               | keep the problem rolling. Nothing in the "help" world is
               | about empowering people. Its about keeping people stuck
               | in various stages of "help" but always pulling the rug
               | when they get momentum.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | archagon wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survivorship_bias
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Good options were available? What if there weren't? What
               | if you were conditioned to not take them? What if you
               | became a child addict? What if literally nobody around
               | you escaped the cycle of addiction and poverty?
               | 
               | There's a difference between growing up in an environment
               | where *a fourth-grader in your class is always scrounging
               | for cigarette butts to smoke (that's what my dad grew up
               | with), and your entire community being fucked up every
               | way to Sunday before they get into high school.
               | 
               | A town with a life expectancy of 50 is far closer to the
               | latter than the former. Throw in violence, maybe a bit of
               | domestic abuse passed down the generations, crime against
               | you, and a dollop of literally nobody outside of it
               | wanting to deal with your shit, and good luck escaping
               | that environment.
               | 
               | But I guess that since it's technically possible for a
               | legless man to crawl a marathon, the rest of his peers
               | are just not trying hard enough...
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | As a thought experiment. How might an AI trying to follow
               | the intent of Azimov's three laws of robotics help the
               | humans?
               | 
               | Initial conclusion: the community is broken and dangerous
               | to humans. Evacuation of at risk life necessary.
               | Distribute and re-integrate across functional
               | settlements.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | That conclusion might be adjusted a bit when the AI reads
               | into our history, and observe that our track record for
               | resettling people is not great.
        
               | citizenpaul wrote:
               | >Good options were available?
               | 
               | I'm speaking relatively. Like stand on the corner selling
               | drugs and probably go to jail or get up at 6AM every day
               | to a shitty hard job that pays you hourly. The choices
               | are not great but one is good compared to the other. One
               | has a potential path to something better one day, the
               | other all but guarantees you a cycle of poverty.
        
               | citizenpaul wrote:
               | >literally nobody around you escaped the cycle of
               | addiction and poverty
               | 
               | I guess your righteousness is greater than your reading
               | comprehension. I left home as a minor. I have not spoken
               | to anyone from that time including "family" since then.
               | They were all garbage people that created their own
               | poverty and trouble.
               | 
               | > child addict
               | 
               | I did drugs given to me by "adults" as a minor. I
               | realized it was not a good path and rejected it.
               | 
               | edit:The downvotes are a good reason that I never talk
               | about this. I've learned that privileged people rarely
               | like to hear real stories about poverty. Go back to your
               | 100% accurate view of the world as shown on 60 minutes.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > I guess your righteousness is greater than your reading
               | comprehension
               | 
               | I think that's a more appropriate criticism to levy
               | against you.
               | 
               | Whatever you dealt with, things could have always been
               | worse.
               | 
               | No man is an island, and you could only do what you did
               | because there _were_ opportunities around you. If they
               | didn 't work out, or they weren't present, or if you went
               | for them, and got bitten for worse than you gained, you
               | could have well ended up back in that shitty environment,
               | homeless, or dead, or in prison. Sometimes shit just
               | happens, and is too much to deal with. Sometimes the
               | effort required to get out is greater than any one person
               | can put in.
               | 
               | There's no shortage of bums living under the I-5 overpass
               | who also had great plans for leaving their shitty town,
               | and making a better life in the big city. They all have
               | two things on common - nobody they could lean on when
               | things went to shit, and things going to shit for them.
               | When you're born in a shitty environment, the first box
               | gets checked for you at birth, and any man only has
               | partial control over the second one. Tell me your life
               | story, and I'll happily throw a 'but, what if...' that,
               | had it gone the other way, could have put you under that
               | overpass.
               | 
               | The world isn't some deterministic puzzle where if you
               | make the right moves, everything will work out.
               | Sometimes, you can do everything right, and still lose in
               | the short-term. People who have safety buffers to fall
               | back on can bounce back from that. People who don't get
               | to move to that overpass.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | Not exactly what you're asking but there's also a concept of
           | genetic trauma, where some traumas can fundamentally change
           | your offspring.
           | 
           | For example, your grandmother from your moms side technically
           | made the egg cells that you were born from. That means that
           | whatever your grandmother was going through could for example
           | pass on all the way down to you.
        
             | phkahler wrote:
             | >> For example, your grandmother from your moms side
             | technically made the egg cells that you were born from.
             | 
             | That can't be right. Grandma gave mom a single cell. Mom's
             | ovaries with grandpa's DNA too produced the egg leading to
             | me. Or is there some element I'm not aware of that make it
             | more like stated above?
        
               | rolph wrote:
               | epigenetic modulation of penetrance, and/or heritability.
               | 
               | environment causes biochemical changes of the state of
               | the DNA. methylation is a common phenomenon.
               | 
               | also, vertical transmission of DNA state facilitating
               | transcription factor modulation of constituative
               | expression. this one is a complex concept but is also a
               | common example.
               | 
               | sums up to, physical state of DNA can be transferred and
               | conserved, during replication.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | It this stage inherited "genetic trauma" is a fringe
               | scientific theory.
        
               | pja wrote:
               | Epigenetics is not fringe science - you inherit the
               | methylation patterns from your parents' genes. Two people
               | with the same genes can (in principle) have very
               | different methylation patterns & thus differences in gene
               | expression that result in changes in behaviour.
               | 
               | None of this is controversial.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | That's about parent's environmental exposure affecting
               | gene expression in their children. The notion that this
               | can be passed down over multiple generations, where the
               | parent's generation wasn't directly exposed to the
               | environmental conditions, is fringe.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Its not "fringe", it is demonstrated as a thing which
               | occurs.
               | 
               | Some _particular_ multigenerational effects may be
               | controversial, speculative, or even fringe, but that
               | multigenerational epigenetic effects exist is not at all
               | fringe.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Confidently asserting that there is a generalized
               | "concept of genetic trauma" that explains behavioral
               | phenomena, as the poster did above, is not correct. The
               | science on this is extremely limited:
               | https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190326-what-is-
               | epigenet.... And it gets invoked by non-experts to
               | support a lot of fringe assertions.
        
               | ridgeguy wrote:
               | Look into epigenetic inheritance. This is a mechanism by
               | which environmental factors cause inheritable modulation
               | of genes, which themselves are unchanged. Methylation
               | (attachment of methyl groups) of DNA is one such
               | mechanism.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgenerational_epigeneti
               | c_i...
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-018-0113-y
        
               | _dain_ wrote:
               | Yeah but it has absolutely no explanatory power for
               | sociological phenomenon. People want it to be true, but
               | there's just no there there.
               | 
               | https://razib.substack.com/p/you-cant-take-it-with-you-
               | strai...
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Yeah but it has absolutely no explanatory power for
               | sociological phenomenon
               | 
               | That's a nice broad generality, but it doesn't seem to be
               | true. For instance, on the specific subject of thw
               | thread, epigenetic changes related to chronic stress have
               | demonstrated to have evidence of both (1) some
               | intergenerational transmissibility, and (2) a role in
               | alcoholism.
        
               | ridgeguy wrote:
               | Thanks for this link, it's an interesting and informative
               | post. Gives me an additional PoV to consider.
        
               | soVeryTired wrote:
               | I guess the egg cell you came from was made inside your
               | grandma when your mom was an embryo in her. So the the
               | cell was technically made inside your grandma's body.
        
               | abledon wrote:
               | isn't the mother just providing the nourishment for the
               | fetus to grow inside her? and the fetus itself, takes the
               | nourishment, and actually producing the eggs inside
               | itself?
               | 
               | So technically I don't think we can say the grandma is
               | making the eggs directly, but has assisted in the fetus'
               | creation, and then provided the nutrients/environment for
               | the egg creation that the fetus itself makes (which yes,
               | can influence things w/ the generational trauma science
               | coming out...).
        
               | rolph wrote:
               | mom and dad also supply a half helix [single strand] of
               | DNA, with conservation of state.
               | 
               | this passes on the structural features responsible for
               | regulatory configuration
        
           | citizenpaul wrote:
           | > genetic-exacerbated substance abuse
           | 
           | >Could you expand on this a bit? Not a concept I am familiar
           | with
           | 
           | Its profitable to pretend that personal choices have nothing
           | to do with drug addiction. Then you can "treat" them forever
           | collecting a monthly check from the government. I say this
           | having grown up in a drug house and leaving as a 16yo
           | teenager with nothing. I already regret this comment not
           | because it isn't true but people detached from reality are
           | going to get all bent out of shape.
        
             | brookst wrote:
             | > Its profitable to pretend that personal choices have
             | nothing to do with drug addiction
             | 
             | That is true, and there are systemic issues we should fix.
             | 
             | However it is also true that some people will latch on to
             | anything -- "personal choices", "systemic issues" -- to
             | justify callousness and lack of compassion. It's an ugly
             | way to live, always looking for some justification to spit
             | on those who are in already in trouble.
        
             | drno123 wrote:
             | I know what you mean. Unfortunately, I can only give your
             | comment a single upvote
        
       | cr8tivity wrote:
       | There are ways to donate to help them.
       | 
       | https://friendsofpineridgereservation.org/an-electric-heater...
        
         | cr8tivity wrote:
         | Henry Red Cloud helps change this situation through solar
         | installation, forest planting and foamcrete housing. Truly
         | amazing efforts.
         | 
         | https://www.redcloudrenewable.org/
        
           | clsec wrote:
           | Henry Red Cloud is a good man and does really good work on
           | the rez!
        
       | robomartin wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | trs8080 wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | therealdrag0 wrote:
         | Do they have opportunities to try for tho? There's a big
         | difference between arriving poor in NYC and being poor on a
         | reservation. I've heard some academic work about how the lack
         | of private property is fucking up res life. Private property is
         | a key stone in the western standard of living and yet the
         | reservations don't allow it to the same extent. So taking away
         | the assistance without also changing the fundamentals of the
         | game might not help.
        
         | tootrueforhn wrote:
         | Good take. The "help" especially native americans are getting
         | strongly encourages them to become passive drunks. I consider
         | the current official US treatment as a final middle finger to
         | the once mighty and proud warrior people who are now not only
         | destroyed but humiliated.
         | 
         | For the folks getting uppity for the ugly truth: think about
         | rewarding people for doing nothing and expecting good results.
         | This extremely naive approach of just throwing money at the
         | "problem" has abysmal track record. It'll never work no matter
         | how much you wish. Good intentions are good, but that's it, you
         | should get real and see for yourself how the "help" has created
         | completely dysfunctional communities with no future.
        
           | j-krieger wrote:
           | Well, turns out forcibly removing native american property,
           | land and riches and then relocating them has effects that can
           | be felt even after generations. Who knew?
        
         | uoaei wrote:
         | What a sad, empty, and profoundly uninformed view of the
         | collective experience of humanity.
        
           | rnk wrote:
           | Yeah, thank you for putting it so well. The poster above is a
           | real live example of the "don't help poor kids to get enough
           | food to eat, it will just ruin them". Everyone shouldn't have
           | medical care, they'll be ruined!
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | There are a fair few comments here suggesting that you are
         | actually helping most and doing the right thing by cutting off
         | all help and support.
         | 
         | Stronger, faster, better etc.
         | 
         | Some comments use themselves as an example (along the lines of
         | 'I got nothing and wasn't helped, look at me now').
         | 
         | It's seriously grim.
        
         | [deleted]
        
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